An OTA function test system and test method based on a vehicle architecture

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of automobile OTA upgrading, and discloses an OTA function test system and method based on an automobile architecture, which comprises the following: a graphic workstation, which is used for providing preset OTA test functions and issuing corresponding control commands to an HIL cabinet; the HIL cabinet, which is used for operating internal components based on the control commands and sending the control commands to corresponding controllers, collecting signals in a test process and feeding back the signals to the graphic workstation for display; a plurality of controllers, which constitute a ring network architecture and are arranged on a test bench to build a real vehicle test environment and are used for receiving corresponding control commands to perform corresponding OTA function tests. The application can be applied to OTA function tests under various automobile architectures, can simulate test scenes that cannot be achieved by automobiles in real scenes, can realize continuous high-frequency, multi-scene automatic testing of whole vehicle OTA upgrading, and can improve the stability and compatibility of OTA tests under abnormal working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive OTA upgrade technology, specifically to an OTA function testing system and testing method based on automotive architecture. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and the introduction of autonomous driving, cars are becoming increasingly intelligent. These intelligent vehicles are software-controlled and equipped with massive amounts of software programs. When a software program problem or update occurs, the traditional solution would be a very arduous task. For example, consider the braking logic problem that occurred after a certain car was launched. The traditional solution would be to recall all affected vehicles and send personnel to update the software. This not only impacts user experience and satisfaction but also consumes a significant amount of manpower and resources to fix the problem. To address the pain points of traditional methods and enable faster software updates, a remote software upgrade technology called OTA (Over-the-Air) has been introduced into the automotive industry. OTA refers to the technology of remotely managing the firmware, data, and applications on the vehicle's component terminals via mobile communication networks (2G / 3G / 4G or Wi-Fi).

[0003] With OTA (Over-The-Air) technology, users can upgrade their systems or update applications without resorting to flashing the firmware. They can simply download the necessary data package via Wi-Fi or mobile data to complete the online upgrade. However, current OTA upgrade functional testing is conducted on real vehicles. This method doesn't consider the current state of automotive controllers, which are integrated into three main components and coordinate overall changes. Therefore, it's unsuitable for OTA testing in rapidly evolving automotive architectures and cannot perform functional testing under extreme conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides an OTA functional testing system and testing method based on automotive architecture to solve the problem that existing OTA testing cannot be applied to automotive architecture.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an OTA function testing system based on automotive architecture, the system comprising: a graphics workstation, a HIL cabinet, a test bench, and multiple controllers;

[0006] The graphics workstation contains automated testing software and communicates with the HIL cabinet to provide preset OTA testing functions and send control commands to the HIL cabinet according to the preset OTA testing functions.

[0007] HIL cabinets communicate with test benches and are used to operate their internal components through automated test software based on control commands from a graphical workstation, sending control commands to the corresponding controllers.

[0008] Multiple controllers are connected via communication to form a ring network architecture, which is then placed on a test bench to build a real vehicle test environment to receive corresponding control commands and perform corresponding OTA function tests.

[0009] The HIL cabinet is also used to collect current and voltage signals flowing through the controller, communication signals between controllers, and execution action signals of the corresponding controllers during the testing process, and to feed back the current, voltage, communication, and execution action signals to the graphics workstation for display.

[0010] The OTA (Over-The-Air) Function Testing System based on automotive architecture provided in this invention provides preset OTA test functions through a graphical workstation and issues control commands to the HIL (High-Intensity Link) cabinet according to these functions. The HIL cabinet, based on these control commands, operates its internal components through automated testing software encapsulated within the graphical workstation, sending the control commands to the corresponding controllers. Multiple controllers are connected via communication to form a ring architecture, which is then placed on a test bench to build a real-vehicle test environment. Based on the received control commands, corresponding OTA function tests are performed. During the test, the HIL cabinet collects current and voltage signals flowing through the controllers, communication signals between controllers, and execution action signals of the corresponding controllers, and feeds these signals back to the graphical workstation for display. This invention simulates various test scenarios by building a real-vehicle test environment and performs OTA function testing through the HIL cabinet. It is applicable to OTA function testing under various automotive architectures and can simulate test scenarios that cannot be achieved in real-world vehicles. It enables continuous, high-frequency, multi-scenario automated testing of whole-vehicle OTA upgrades, improving the stability and compatibility of OTA testing under abnormal operating conditions.

[0011] In one optional implementation, the internal components of the HIL cabinet include: a programmable power supply, a HIL real-time machine, and boards. The boards include: digital boards, analog boards, resistor boards, CAN boards, vehicle Ethernet boards, and LIN boards, used for signal acquisition and transmission. The programmable power supply provides power to the test system. The HIL real-time machine connects to the automated test software in the graphics workstation via a TSP interface, and is used to operate the power supply and the data transmission or acquisition of various boards according to the control commands of the graphics workstation.

[0012] In one alternative implementation, the boards in the HIL cabinet are connected to the test bench, and the test bench is connected to the pins of the controller via the boards to build a real vehicle test environment.

[0013] This invention establishes a real-vehicle testing environment using a HIL cabinet. Various circuit boards are connected in series to the locations requiring data acquisition within the real-vehicle testing environment, which is constructed from test benches and controllers. The HIL real-time machine operates each component, enabling comprehensive testing of the controller. This allows for both real-world OTA (Over-The-Air) testing in automotive scenarios and simulation of OTA testing not achievable in real-world scenarios. It provides comprehensive and in-depth functional testing, fault testing, bus diagnostic testing, and automated testing of the automotive controller, assisting engineers in analyzing and verifying test results, reproducing faults, and improving test verification and analysis.

[0014] In one optional implementation, multiple controllers include: a central computing unit, an experience-driven computer, a regional controller, and an electronic control unit; the central computing unit and the experience-driven computer constitute a central computing platform, serving as the highest decision-making layer of the vehicle; the regional controllers are divided according to their physical locations within the vehicle, serving as the regional decision-making layers of the vehicle; the central computing platform and the regional controllers constitute a "central + regional" ring network electronic and electrical architecture; the electronic control units are located in different regional controllers and perform preset function control on the vehicle; the controllers are connected to each other via Ethernet, and each controller is connected to a programmable power supply via a rocker switch.

[0015] This invention constructs a "central + regional" ring-shaped electronic and electrical architecture used in existing automobiles, which can simulate the real vehicle test environment. During the construction of the real vehicle test environment, a rocker switch is connected to the programmable power supply of the HIL cabinet, which can control the on / off of each controller by the HIL cabinet, thereby simulating various electrical faults, increasing test scenarios, and thus improving the accuracy of OTA function testing.

[0016] In one optional implementation, the boards in the HIL cabinet are selected according to the data acquisition requirements of the actual test scenario, and the boards are set between the corresponding controllers to collect the communication signals between the controllers and the execution action signals of the corresponding controllers.

[0017] This invention selects the boards in the HIL cabinet according to the data acquisition requirements and sets them up between each controller. When the controller communicates or performs actions, the boards acquire signals to understand the operating status of each part during the test, thereby judging the test results in the current simulated environment and improving the coverage and accuracy of OTA function testing.

[0018] Secondly, the present invention provides an OTA (Over-The-Air) function testing method based on an automotive architecture, wherein the OTA function testing system described in any embodiment of the first aspect is used to perform OTA testing on the vehicle, and the testing method includes:

[0019] By selecting the preset OTA test function on the graphical workstation, the corresponding control command is generated. The internal automated test software designs test case scripts based on the control command and sends the test case scripts to the HIL cabinet. The HIL cabinet operates its internal components according to the test case scripts and sends the control command to the corresponding controller.

[0020] The controller performs functional tests based on the received control commands. During the test, the current and voltage signals flowing through the controller, the communication signals between the controllers, and the execution action signals of the corresponding controllers are collected through the HIL cabinet and fed back to the graphics workstation.

[0021] The graphics workstation displays the received current signals, voltage signals, communication signals, and action signals, and generates test results.

[0022] The OTA (Over-The-Air) functional testing method based on automotive architecture provided in this invention involves a graphical workstation selecting a preset PTA (Power-Only Acquisition) test function and generating corresponding control commands. The internal automated testing software generates test case scripts based on these commands and sends them to the HIL (High-Intensity Link) cabinet to operate its internal components. The control commands are then sent to the corresponding controllers, which perform functional tests accordingly. During the test, the HIL cabinet collects power signals, voltage signals, communication signals, and execution action signals, feeding these signals back to the graphical workstation. The graphical workstation displays the received signals and generates test results. This invention simulates various test scenarios by building a real-vehicle test environment and performs OTA functional testing through the HIL cabinet. It is applicable to OTA functional testing under various automotive architectures and can simulate test scenarios that cannot be achieved in real-world vehicles. This enables continuous, high-frequency, multi-scenario automated testing of whole-vehicle OTA upgrades, improving the stability and compatibility of OTA testing under abnormal operating conditions.

[0023] In one optional implementation, the preset OTA testing functions include: fault simulation testing during OTA upgrade, automated stress testing, vehicle function testing, vehicle performance testing, and basic function testing after OTA upgrade.

[0024] This invention constructs a real-vehicle testing environment, which not only enables basic function testing after OTA upgrades, but also simulates different scenarios during OTA testing, thereby conducting functional testing during the OTA upgrade process. It has a wider coverage and provides the most accurate testing of abnormal operating conditions, stability, compatibility, and performance of automotive OTA.

[0025] In one optional implementation, the fault simulation test includes: electrical fault simulation test and communication fault simulation test, wherein the on / off state of the ship-shaped switch is determined according to the control command, and the on / off state of each controller is further controlled to simulate electrical faults, and the output signal of the control board is used to simulate communication faults; communication faults include: communication timeout, communication protocol error, logic fault and network fault.

[0026] This invention simulates electrical and communication fault scenarios during OTA upgrades. These scenarios are difficult to test on real vehicles and are extremely costly to implement. Therefore, by building real vehicle test scenarios, various situations that may occur during the testing process can be fully considered and tested, thereby improving the stability and compatibility of OTA function testing.

[0027] In one optional implementation, the process of acquiring the action signal includes: acquiring the corresponding controller's flashing network packets by listening to and recording the cards between each controller; parsing the flashing network packets in real time; and identifying the parsed packets to acquire the controller's action signal.

[0028] This invention, by collecting the controller's execution actions during testing, can determine the operating status of the vehicle's controller in the current scenario, and thus determine the impact of OTA upgrades on the vehicle. Compared to testing the vehicle after the OTA upgrade is completed, it can grasp the OTA function test situation earlier and more comprehensively, and then optimize and adjust it.

[0029] In one optional implementation, the method further includes: after the test is completed, the graphics workstation generates a test report based on the test results and uploads it to an external test management system.

[0030] This invention generates test reports from test results and uploads them to a test management system, enabling staff to fully understand the impact of current OTA upgrades on vehicles. Based on this understanding, OTA upgrades can be optimized and adjusted, further enhancing the user's driving experience.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0032] (1) This invention enables the establishment of a user-oriented operating system through a graphical workstation, allowing for more intuitive control of OTA function testing, and displays the collected signals, enabling users to have a more comprehensive understanding of the impact of OTA upgrades on automobiles.

[0033] (2) By building a real vehicle test environment and operating and collecting data through the HIL cabinet, this invention can simulate various test scenarios, realize test scenarios that cars cannot reach in real scenarios, improve the coverage of OTA function testing, realize automated testing of continuous high-frequency and multi-scenario whole vehicle OTA upgrades, and improve the stability and compatibility of OTA testing under abnormal working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an OTA function testing system based on an automotive architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply line of an OTA function testing system based on an automotive architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating an OTA (Over-The-Air) functional testing method based on an automotive architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] This invention is applicable to scenarios involving OTA (Over-The-Air) upgrades for automobiles. This invention provides an OTA functionality testing system based on automotive architecture. By building a real-vehicle testing environment and conducting OTA functionality testing through a HIL (High-Intensity Link) cabinet, it achieves adaptability to various automotive architectures. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an OTA functional testing system based on an automotive architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the system includes: a graphics workstation, a HIL cabinet, a test bench, and multiple controllers;

[0040] The graphics workstation contains automated testing software and communicates with the HIL cabinet to provide preset OTA testing functions and send control commands to the HIL cabinet according to the preset OTA testing functions.

[0041] HIL cabinets communicate with test benches and are used to operate their internal components through automated test software based on control commands from a graphical workstation, sending control commands to the corresponding controllers.

[0042] Multiple controllers are connected via communication to form a ring network architecture, which is then placed on a test bench to build a real vehicle test environment to receive corresponding control commands and perform corresponding OTA function tests.

[0043] The HIL cabinet is also used to collect current and voltage signals flowing through the controller, communication signals between controllers, and execution action signals of the corresponding controllers during the testing process, and to feed back the current, voltage, communication, and execution action signals to the graphics workstation for display.

[0044] Specifically, in embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2As shown, the PC is the graphics workstation, connected to the data acquisition equipment via a network cable. The data acquisition equipment then communicates with the HIL cabinet. The graphics workstation runs its built-in automated testing software and HIL cabinet control software, performing automated script development and test execution during the testing process. Different software programs access each other via the TSP interface. The HIL (Hardware-in-the-Loop) cabinet connects a real controller to a dummy controlled object, providing a comprehensive and efficient way to test the controller. It is a technology for developing and testing complex device controllers. By connecting a real controller and using, or partially using, real-time simulation models to simulate the controlled object and system operating environment, it achieves simulation testing of the entire system. In this embodiment of the invention, the HIL cabinet includes a programmable power supply, a HIL real-time machine, and circuit boards. The circuit boards include: digital circuit boards, analog circuit boards, resistor circuit boards, CAN (Controller Area Network) circuit boards, automotive Ethernet circuit boards, and LIN circuit boards, used for signal acquisition and transmission. The programmable power supply provides power to the test system. The HIL real-time machine connects to the automated test software within the graphics workstation via a TSP interface, and is used to operate the power supply's on / off state and the data transmission or acquisition of various circuit boards according to control commands from the graphics workstation. Furthermore, the HIL cabinet communicates with the test bench via a CAN bus, a LIN bus, and hardwired connections. The test bench is essentially a large frame; its function is to map the board resources in the HIL cabinet onto the bench to facilitate the construction of a system-level test environment. The vehicle's controller is placed on the test bench, and the controller's CAN pins are connected to the mapping terminal blocks of the CAN board on the bench. This allows the HIL real-time machine operating system running on the graphics workstation to simulate sending signals to the controller or monitor the signals emitted by the controller. Similarly, the controller's LIN pins and automotive Ethernet pins are connected to the bench, just like the CAN pins. The controller's digital signal pins, analog signal pins, and resistance signal pins are connected to the mapping terminal blocks of the digital, analog, and resistance boards on the bench, thus constructing a real-vehicle test environment. This is just an example and is not exhaustive. In this way, the HIL real-time machine operating system running on the graphics workstation can simulate sending digital, analog, and resistance signals to the controller to achieve the environmental conditions required for testing.

[0045] In one optional implementation, this invention constructs a real-vehicle testing environment by arranging multiple controllers of the vehicle on a test bench. These controllers include: a central computing unit (C2, Command and Control), an experience-driven computer (EDC, Electronic Diesel Control), a regional controller (VIU, Vehicle Information Unit), and an electronic control unit (ECU). The central computing unit (C2) and the experience-driven computer (EDC) constitute the central computing platform, serving as the vehicle's highest decision-making layer and providing the prerequisite for achieving "cabin-driver integration" and "driving-parking integration." The regional controllers (VIUs) include VIU1, VIU2, and VIU3, each divided according to its physical location within the vehicle, acting as the vehicle's regional decision-making layer. The central computing platform and the regional controllers form a central + regional ring network electronic and electrical architecture. The electronic control unit (ECU) is located within different regional controllers and performs preset function control of the vehicle. Figure 2 As shown, the controllers are connected via Ethernet (ETH) bus cards. The area controllers (VIUs) form a ring network via 100Mbps Ethernet, allowing the VIUs to control the power supply on / off of each circuit. The central computing unit (C2) connects to VIU1 and VIU2 via 100Mbps Ethernet, and the experience-driven computer (EDC) connects to VIU1 via 100Mbps Ethernet. The central computing unit (C2) and the experience-driven computer (EDC) are connected via Gigabit Ethernet. This is just an example and not a limitation. Each controller is connected to the DC power supply provided by the programmable power supply via a rocker switch. Cards in the HIL cabinet are selected according to the data acquisition requirements of the actual test scenario, and these cards are connected in series in the Ethernet bus between the controllers to acquire communication signals between the controllers and the corresponding controller's execution action signals.

[0046] In one optional implementation, this invention uses a board connected in series to the controller's Ethernet cable and in parallel to the CAN cable as a current acquisition device to acquire the current value flowing through the controller in real time. The current acquisition device transmits data with the HIL real-time machine's operating system based on a standard communication protocol, allowing the controller's dark current value to be displayed in real time within the HIL real-time machine's operating system running on a graphical workstation.

[0047] In one optional implementation, the present invention uses a board connected in parallel to the controller's power supply pin and ground pin as a voltage acquisition device to acquire the controller voltage value in real time. The voltage acquisition device transmits data with the real-time machine operating system based on a standard communication protocol, so that the controller voltage value can be displayed in real time in the real-time machine operating system running in the graphics workstation.

[0048] In one alternative implementation, the automated test software and the HIL real-time machine operating system communicate and transmit data in real time based on the standard TSP interface protocol. In this way, the automated test software can directly and in real time obtain the data of the HIL real-time machine operating system. It is only necessary to compile specific scenario modules in the automated test software and combine them into test case scripts. After configuring the test case tasks, continuous high-frequency, multi-scenario automated testing of vehicle OTA upgrades can be performed.

[0049] The OTA (Over-The-Air) Function Testing System based on automotive architecture provided in this invention provides preset OTA test functions through a graphical workstation and issues control commands to the HIL (High-Intensity Link) cabinet according to these functions. The HIL cabinet, based on these control commands, operates its internal components through automated testing software encapsulated within the graphical workstation, sending the control commands to the corresponding controllers. Multiple controllers are connected via communication to form a ring architecture, which is then placed on a test bench to build a real-vehicle test environment. Based on the received control commands, corresponding OTA function tests are performed. During the test, the HIL cabinet collects current and voltage signals flowing through the controllers, communication signals between controllers, and execution action signals of the corresponding controllers, and feeds these signals back to the graphical workstation for display. This invention simulates various test scenarios by building a real-vehicle test environment and performs OTA function testing through the HIL cabinet. It is applicable to OTA function testing under various automotive architectures and can simulate test scenarios that cannot be achieved in real-world vehicles. It enables continuous, high-frequency, multi-scenario automated testing of whole-vehicle OTA upgrades, improving the stability and compatibility of OTA testing under abnormal operating conditions.

[0050] This embodiment provides an OTA function testing method based on automotive architecture, which can be used in the aforementioned OTA function testing system based on automotive architecture. Figure 3 This is a flowchart of an OTA functional testing method based on automotive architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0051] Step S301: Select the preset OTA test function through the graphics workstation to generate the corresponding control command. The internal automated test software designs the test case script according to the control command and sends the test case script to the HIL cabinet. The HIL cabinet operates its internal components according to the test case script and sends the control command to the corresponding controller.

[0052] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the preset OTA test functions include: fault simulation testing during OTA upgrade, automated stress testing, vehicle function testing, vehicle performance testing, and basic function testing after OTA upgrade. Therefore, during OTA upgrade, the corresponding preset OTA test function can be selected on the graphical workstation display interface according to requirements. The fault simulation test includes electrical fault simulation and communication fault simulation. That is, based on the VIU interface design for managing the current of each circuit in the vehicle, this embodiment of the invention determines the on / off state of the rocker switch according to control commands, and further controls the on / off state of each controller to simulate electrical faults, or simulates communication faults by controlling the output signals of the control board. Communication faults include: communication timeout, communication protocol error, logic fault, and network fault.

[0053] In step S302, the controller performs a functional test according to the received control command. During the test, the current and voltage signals flowing through the controller, the communication signals between the controllers, and the execution action signals of the corresponding controllers are collected through the HIL cabinet and fed back to the graphics workstation.

[0054] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the controller controls the corresponding load device to operate after receiving a control command, thereby performing functional testing. During the testing process, signals are acquired through boards located at different positions in the HIL cabinet, including current and voltage signals flowing through the controller, communication signals between controllers, and execution action signals of the corresponding controllers. Specifically, Ethernet and CAN boards are connected in series and parallel to the ring network to monitor and record the network messages of the corresponding controllers, perform real-time parsing of the network messages, and identify the execution action signals of the controllers based on the parsed messages. This embodiment of the invention has the capability to acquire OTA flashing actions and status: the slave node sends all status and messages during the flashing process in the form of messages; the test system has built-in monitoring boards and DBC, Arxml, IDL, and other files to collect and parse the DDS flashing messages of the ring network in real time; and specific situations can be monitored by identifying key messages. If the parallel upgrade method for verifying dependent nodes fails, a recovery test can be performed: if the upgrade of a slave node fails and the controller becomes unresponsive, the system can switch to a backup partition and attempt the OTA upgrade again. This is just an example and is not a limitation.

[0055] In step S303, the graphics workstation displays the received current signal, voltage signal, communication signal, and execution action signal, and generates test results.

[0056] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the graphical workstation has a graphical display interface that displays various received signals and generates detection results by identifying key error codes. Furthermore, after the test, the graphical workstation generates a test report based on the test results and uploads it to an external test management system.

[0057] In one optional implementation, the present invention generates a load testing script according to test requirements, enabling the HIL real-time machine operating system to perform continuous automatic testing without manual intervention according to the design process. After the load testing script is executed, it dynamically generates reports on performance indicators, success rate, time, and speed, and uploads them to an external test management system.

[0058] The OTA (Over-The-Air) functional testing method based on automotive architecture provided in this invention involves a graphical workstation selecting a preset PTA (Power-Only Acquisition) test function and generating corresponding control commands. The internal automated testing software generates test case scripts based on these commands and sends them to the HIL (High-Intensity Link) cabinet to operate its internal components. The control commands are then sent to the corresponding controllers, which perform functional tests accordingly. During the test, the HIL cabinet collects power signals, voltage signals, communication signals, and execution action signals, feeding these signals back to the graphical workstation. The graphical workstation displays the received signals and generates test results. This invention simulates various test scenarios by building a real-vehicle test environment and performs OTA functional testing through the HIL cabinet. It is applicable to OTA functional testing under various automotive architectures and can simulate test scenarios that cannot be achieved in real-world vehicles. This enables continuous, high-frequency, multi-scenario automated testing of whole-vehicle OTA upgrades, improving the stability and compatibility of OTA testing under abnormal operating conditions.

[0059] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An OTA function test system based on a car architecture, characterized in that, The system includes: a graphics workstation, a HIL cabinet, a test bench, and multiple controllers; The graphics workstation is internally equipped with automated testing software, which communicates with the HIL cabinet to provide preset OTA testing functions and issue control commands to the HIL cabinet according to the preset OTA testing functions. The HIL cabinet is communicatively connected to the test bench and is used to operate its internal components through the automated test software based on the control commands of the graphics workstation, and to send the control commands to the corresponding controller. The multiple controllers are connected via communication to form a ring network architecture, and are arranged on the test bench to build a real vehicle test environment for receiving corresponding control commands to perform corresponding OTA function tests. The HIL cabinet is also used to collect current and voltage signals flowing through the controller, communication signals between controllers, and execution action signals of the corresponding controller during the testing process, and to feed back the current, voltage, communication, and execution action signals to the graphics workstation for display. The plurality of controllers include: a central computing unit, an experience-driven computer, a regional controller, and an electronic control unit; The central computing unit and the experience-driven computer constitute the central computing platform, which serves as the highest decision-making layer of the vehicle. The area controller is divided according to the physical location within the vehicle, serving as the regional decision-making layer of the vehicle. The central computing platform and the area controller constitute a "central + regional" ring network electronic and electrical architecture. The electronic control unit is set in different area controllers to perform preset function control of the vehicle; The controllers are connected via Ethernet, and each controller is connected to the programmable power supply via a rocker switch.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The internal components of the HIL cabinet include: a programmable power supply, a HIL real-time machine, and circuit boards. The circuit boards include: digital circuit boards, analog circuit boards, resistor circuit boards, CAN circuit boards, vehicle Ethernet circuit boards, and LIN circuit boards, used for signal acquisition and transmission; the programmable power supply is used to provide power to the test system. The HIL real-time machine is connected to the automated testing software in the graphics workstation via a TSP interface. It is used to operate the switching on and off of the programmable power supply and the data transmission or data acquisition of various boards according to the control commands of the graphics workstation.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The boards in the HIL cabinet are connected to the test bench, and the test bench is connected to the pins of the controller through the boards to build a real vehicle test environment.

4. The system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Select the boards in the HIL cabinet according to the actual test scenario's data acquisition requirements, and set the boards between the corresponding controllers to collect communication signals between the controllers and the corresponding controller's execution action signals.

5. An OTA functional testing method based on automotive architecture, characterized in that, The system described in any one of claims 1 to 4 is used to perform OTA (Over-The-Air) function testing on a vehicle, wherein the testing method includes: By selecting a preset OTA test function on the graphics workstation, corresponding control commands are generated. The internal automated test software designs test case scripts based on the control commands and sends the test case scripts to the HIL cabinet. The HIL cabinet operates its internal components according to the test case scripts and sends control commands to the corresponding controllers. The controller performs functional tests based on received control commands. During the test, it collects current and voltage signals flowing through the controller, communication signals between controllers, and execution action signals of corresponding controllers through the HIL cabinet, and feeds them back to the graphics workstation. The controller includes a central computing unit, an experience-driven computer, area controllers, and electronic control units. The central computing unit and the experience-driven computer constitute a central computing platform, serving as the highest decision-making layer of the vehicle. The area controllers are divided according to their physical location within the vehicle, serving as the regional decision-making layers. The central computing platform and area controllers form a "central + regional" ring network electronic and electrical architecture. The electronic control units are located in different area controllers and perform preset function control of the vehicle. All controllers are connected via Ethernet, and each controller is connected to a programmable power supply via a rocker switch. The graphics workstation displays the received current signals, voltage signals, communication signals, and action signals, and generates test results.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The preset OTA testing functions include: fault simulation testing during OTA upgrade, automated stress testing, vehicle function testing, vehicle performance testing, and basic function testing after OTA upgrade.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fault simulation test includes: electrical fault simulation test and communication fault simulation test. The on / off state of the ship-shaped switch is determined according to the control command, and the on / off state of each controller is further controlled to simulate electrical faults. Communication faults are simulated by controlling the output signals of the control board. The communication failures include: communication timeouts, communication protocol errors, logical failures, and network failures.

8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of acquiring the execution action signal includes: By monitoring and recording the cards between each controller, the corresponding controller's network flashing packets can be obtained. The network packets are parsed in real time, and the parsed packets are identified to obtain the controller's execution action signal.

9. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: After the test is completed, the graphics workstation generates a test report based on the test results and uploads it to an external test management system.

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