A user-side all-vanadium redox flow battery system

Abstract

The application relates to a user-side all-vanadium redox flow battery system, wherein a stack, a cooling module and an electric control module are arranged on the upper side of a storage tank module, a right-angle recess is arranged on one side of the upper end of the storage tank module, a liquid inlet pipeline assembly is arranged in the right-angle recess, the storage tank module comprises a negative electrolyte storage tank and a positive electrolyte storage tank, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly comprises a negative electrolyte inlet pipeline and a positive electrolyte inlet pipeline, the liquid outlet of the negative electrolyte storage tank is connected with a negative electrolyte inlet joint of the stack through the negative electrolyte inlet pipeline, the liquid outlet of the positive electrolyte storage tank is connected with a positive electrolyte inlet joint of the stack through the positive electrolyte inlet pipeline, a negative electrolyte return pipeline is arranged between a negative electrolyte return joint of the stack and the liquid return port of the negative electrolyte storage tank, the cooling module is arranged on the negative electrolyte return pipeline, a positive electrolyte return pipeline is arranged between a positive electrolyte return joint of the stack and the liquid return port of the positive electrolyte storage tank, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the stack are connected with the electric control module. The application has the advantages of small volume, convenient installation and excellent performance, and can meet the use requirements of the user side.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of batteries, and more specifically to a user-side vanadium redox flow battery system. Background Technology

[0002] In the existing technology, vanadium redox flow batteries are mainly used in power generation, transmission and distribution. They work with traditional power generation methods such as thermal power and wind power as well as emerging power generation methods such as photovoltaic power to play the roles of peak and off-peak electricity use and frequency regulation. However, due to the large size and complex installation of vanadium redox flow batteries, there are no suitable vanadium redox flow batteries in the existing technology for direct use by users. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a user-side vanadium redox flow battery system. The system adopts a modular design for each part, which not only reduces the size of the device but also makes installation and maintenance more convenient. In addition, the system of this invention is equipped with a cooling module to improve the cooling efficiency of the electrolyte, and at the same time, it is equipped with an adjustment overflow pipeline assembly to quickly adjust the electrolyte in the balance tank, thereby ensuring the performance of the battery system and meeting the user-side usage requirements.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] A user-side vanadium redox flow battery system includes a housing assembly and, within the housing assembly, a fuel cell stack, a cooling module, an electronic control module, a storage tank module, an inlet electrolyte assembly, a positive electrode return electrolyte line, and a negative electrode return electrolyte line. The fuel cell stack, cooling module, and electronic control module are located above the storage tank module. A right-angled notch is provided on one side of the upper end of the storage tank module, and the inlet electrolyte assembly is disposed within this notch. The storage tank module includes a negative electrode electrolyte storage tank and a positive electrode electrolyte storage tank. The inlet electrolyte assembly includes a negative electrode inlet electrolyte line and a positive electrode inlet electrolyte line. The fuel cell stack is provided with a negative electrode inlet connector. The battery pack includes a head, a negative electrode return connector, a positive electrode inlet connector, and a positive electrode return connector. The outlet of the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank is connected to the negative electrode inlet connector via a negative electrode inlet pipe. The outlet of the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank is connected to the positive electrode inlet connector via a positive electrode inlet pipe. The negative electrode return connector is connected to the return port of the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank via a negative electrode return pipe, and a cooling module is provided on the negative electrode return pipe. The positive electrode return connector is connected to the return port of the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank via a positive electrode return pipe. Both the positive and negative electrodes of the battery pack are connected to the electronic control module.

[0006] The liquid inlet pipeline assembly includes a negative electrode liquid inlet pipeline, a positive electrode liquid inlet pipeline, and a mounting base plate. A negative electrode liquid inlet pump is provided on the negative electrode liquid inlet pipeline, and a positive electrode liquid inlet pump is provided on the positive electrode liquid inlet pipeline. Both the negative electrode liquid inlet pump and the positive electrode liquid inlet pump are mounted on the mounting base plate. The mounting base plate is located on the horizontal surface of the right-angled recess. Multiple connection ports are provided on the vertical surface of the right-angled recess, and the negative electrode liquid inlet pipeline and the positive electrode liquid inlet pipeline are respectively connected to the corresponding connection ports.

[0007] Pressure sensors and sampling valves are installed on both the negative electrode inlet pipe and the positive electrode inlet pipe.

[0008] The cooling module includes a cooling mounting bracket and an evaporator, compressor, and controller disposed within the cooling mounting bracket. Both the positive electrode return liquid line and the negative electrode return liquid line are disposed within the cooling mounting bracket, and the evaporator is disposed on the negative electrode return liquid line. A temperature detection sensor is disposed inside the evaporator.

[0009] The positive electrode return pipeline includes an L-shaped pipeline, a first riser, and a second riser. One end of the L-shaped pipeline is connected to the positive electrode return connector on the fuel cell stack, and the other end is provided with the first riser and the second riser. The first riser is connected to the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank, and the second riser is connected to the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank. The negative electrode return pipeline includes a first bend pipeline and a second bend pipeline. The evaporation tank is provided with a first connector and a second connector. One end of the first bend pipeline is connected to the negative electrode return connector on the fuel cell stack, and the other end is connected to the first connector. One end of the second bend pipeline is connected to the second connector, and the other end is provided with a third riser and a fourth riser. The third riser is connected to the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank, and the fourth riser is connected to the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank.

[0010] Both the first riser and the third riser are equipped with normally closed valves.

[0011] Both the upper ends of the first riser and the third riser are equipped with adjusting pipe assemblies. The adjusting pipe assembly includes an adjusting pipe, an adjusting pipe connector, and a nut. The front part of the adjusting pipe has a threaded connection section inserted into the adjusting pipe connector. A clamping flange is provided at the front end of the adjusting pipe. A stop is provided inside the adjusting pipe connector. A compression spring and a sealing gasket are provided between the stop and the clamping flange. The sealing gasket is tightly attached to the stop. The compression spring is fitted onto the adjusting pipe, with one end connected to the clamping flange and the other end abutting against the sealing gasket. The portion of the threaded connection section located outside the adjusting pipe connector is fitted with a nut. A groove for a sealing ring is provided on the end face of the adjusting pipe connector, and the nut abuts against the end face of the adjusting pipe connector.

[0012] The vertical surface of the right-angled notch of the storage tank module is provided with an adjustable overflow pipeline assembly. The adjustable overflow pipeline assembly includes an overflow pipeline and an adjusting pipeline. Both the overflow pipeline and the adjusting pipeline are connected at one end to the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank and at the other end to the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank. The overflow pipeline is located above the electrolyte surface in the storage tank module, and the adjusting pipeline is located below the electrolyte surface in the storage tank module. One end of the overflow pipeline is provided with a first connecting pipe that connects to the corresponding end of the adjusting pipeline, and the other end of the overflow pipeline is provided with a second connecting pipe that connects to the corresponding end of the adjusting pipeline. Electric ball valves are provided on the overflow pipelines and adjusting pipelines on both sides of the first connecting pipe and on both sides of the second connecting pipe. A storage tank pressure sensor is provided at the end of the adjusting pipeline.

[0013] The housing assembly includes an upper housing and a lower housing. The fuel cell stack, cooling module, and electrical control module are all located in the upper housing, while the storage tank module and liquid inlet pipeline assembly are all located in the lower housing. The lower housing has a housing base plate with forklift holes at its lower end.

[0014] The negative electrode inlet pipe, positive electrode inlet pipe, negative electrode electrolyte storage tank, and positive electrode electrolyte storage tank are each connected to a corresponding port on a SOC battery via pipes.

[0015] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are as follows:

[0016] 1. The system of the present invention adopts a modular design for each part, which greatly reduces the size of the device. In order to adapt to the compact structure of the present invention, the piping system of the present invention adopts more integrated design, which makes the installation and maintenance more convenient while ensuring the compact structure of the device, and can meet the user's usage requirements.

[0017] 2. The system of the present invention is equipped with a cooling module, which uses a compressor to directly cool the electrolyte in the evaporation tank, thereby greatly improving the cooling efficiency. Furthermore, the positive electrode return liquid pipeline and the negative electrode return liquid pipeline are both integrated inside the cooling module, without increasing the size of the device.

[0018] 3. The present invention provides an adjustable overflow pipeline assembly to quickly adjust and balance the electrolyte in the storage tank, thereby ensuring the performance of the battery system. Furthermore, the adjustable overflow pipeline assembly and the liquid inlet pipeline assembly are integrated into a right-angled recess on one side of the upper end of the storage tank module, without increasing the volume of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external shape of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after removing the upper shell.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after removing the upper shell and the electronic control module.

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the fuel cell stack structure.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the piping structure at the upper end of the intermediate storage tank module.

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cooling module in the diagram.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the negative electrode return liquid pipeline structure located inside the cooling module.

[0026] Figure 8 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank structure.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the pipeline connection principle of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 10 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the regulating tube assembly.

[0029] Among them, 1 is the shell assembly, 101 is the upper shell, 102 is the lower shell, 103 is the shell base plate, 2 is the fuel cell stack, 201 is the fuel cell stack connector, 202 is the end plate, 203 is the electrode, 3 is the cooling module, 301 is the evaporator, 302 is the compressor, 303 is the controller, 304 is the first connector, 305 is the second connector, 306 is the cooling mounting bracket, 4 is the electrical control module, 5 is the liquid inlet pipeline assembly, 501 is the negative electrode liquid inlet pipeline, 5011 is the negative electrode liquid inlet pump, 502 is the positive electrode liquid inlet pipeline, 5021 is the positive electrode liquid inlet pump, 503 is the mounting base plate, 504 is the pressure sensor, 505 is the sampling valve, 6 is the storage tank module, 601 is the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank, 602 is the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank. The electrolyte storage tank includes: 7, overflow pipe assembly; 701, overflow pipe; 702, regulating pipe; 703, first connecting pipe; 704, second connecting pipe; 8, positive electrode return pipe; 801, first riser; 802, second riser; 9, negative electrode return pipe; 901, first bend pipe; 902, third riser; 903, fourth riser; 904, second bend pipe; 10, SOC battery; 11, regulating pipe assembly; 111, regulating pipe; 1111, threaded connection section; 1112, clamping flange; 112, regulating pipe connector; 1121, stop; 1122, limit block; 113, nut; 114, sealing gasket; 115, compression spring; and 12, normally closed valve. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] like Figures 1-10 As shown, the present invention includes a housing assembly 1 and a fuel cell stack 2, a cooling module 3, an electronic control module 4, a storage tank module 6, a liquid inlet pipeline assembly 5, a positive electrode return pipeline 8, and a negative electrode return pipeline 9 disposed within the housing assembly 1. The fuel cell stack 2, cooling module 3, and electronic control module 4 are sequentially disposed on the upper side of the storage tank module 6. A right-angled notch is provided on one side of the upper end of the storage tank module 6, and the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 5 is disposed within the right-angled notch. The storage tank module 6 includes a negative electrode electrolyte storage tank 601 and a positive electrode electrolyte storage tank 602. The liquid inlet pipeline assembly 5 includes a negative electrode liquid inlet pipeline 501 and a positive electrode liquid inlet pipeline 502. The structure of the fuel cell stack 2 is a technology known in the art, such as... Figure 4 As shown, it includes staggered end plates 202 and electrodes 203, and one end of the stack 2 is provided with multiple stack connectors 201. Each stack connector 201 includes a negative electrode inlet connector, a negative electrode return connector, a positive electrode inlet connector, and a positive electrode return connector. The outlet of the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank 601 is connected to the negative electrode inlet connector via a negative electrode inlet pipe 501. The outlet of the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank 602 is connected to the positive electrode inlet connector via a positive electrode inlet pipe 502. The positive electrode inlet connector is connected, and the negative electrode return connector is connected to the return port of the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank 601 via the negative electrode return pipe 9. A cooling module 3 is provided on the negative electrode return pipe 9. The positive electrode return connector is connected to the return port of the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank 602 via the positive electrode return pipe 8. The fuel cell stack 2 has a positive electrode output terminal and a negative electrode output terminal, both of which are connected to the electronic control module 4 via lines. During operation, when charging, power from an external power supply device is introduced into the fuel cell stack 2 through the electronic control module 4. A chemical reaction occurs in the fuel cell stack 2, storing electrical energy in the electrolyte. During discharge, the electrolyte undergoes a chemical reaction through the fuel cell stack 2, releasing electrical energy. The released electrical energy is provided to the load via the electronic control module 4. The working principles of the fuel cell stack 2 and the all-vanadium electrolyte are well-known in the art.

[0032] The present invention adopts a modular design, which can integrate various parts into the housing component 1, and is compact in size and easy to install and maintain.

[0033] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 9As shown, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 5 is centrally located in a right-angled recess on one side of the upper end of the storage tank module 6. The liquid inlet pipeline assembly 5 includes a negative liquid inlet pipeline 501, a positive liquid inlet pipeline 502, and a mounting base plate 503. A negative liquid inlet pump 5011 is provided on the negative liquid inlet pipeline 501, and a positive liquid inlet pump 5021 is provided on the positive liquid inlet pipeline 502. Both the negative liquid inlet pump 5011 and the positive liquid inlet pump 5021 are located on the mounting base plate. On 503, the mounting base plate 503 is located on the horizontal surface of the right-angled recess. The vertical surface of the right-angled recess has multiple connection ports. During installation and maintenance, the entire liquid inlet pipeline assembly 5 can be moved by moving the mounting base plate 503. After the mounting base plate 503 is placed into the right-angled recess of the storage tank module 6, the entire liquid inlet pipeline assembly 5 is moved in as a whole. Then, each port of the pipeline is connected to the corresponding connector on the storage tank module 6 and the fuel cell stack 2. The installation is convenient.

[0034] like Figure 5 and Figure 9 As shown, both the negative electrode liquid inlet pipe 501 and the positive electrode liquid inlet pipe 502 are equipped with a pressure sensor 504 and a sampling valve 505, wherein the pressure sensor 504 is used to monitor the pressure of the corresponding pipe in real time.

[0035] like Figures 6-7 As shown, in this embodiment, the cooling module 3 includes a cooling mounting bracket 306 and an evaporator 301, a compressor 302, and a controller 303 located on one side inside the cooling mounting bracket 306. The positive electrode return liquid pipeline 8 and the negative electrode return liquid pipeline 9 are both located on the other side inside the cooling mounting bracket 306, and the evaporator 301 is located on the negative electrode return liquid pipeline 9. When the electrolyte circulates in the pipeline system, it flows through the evaporator 301. A temperature detection sensor is installed inside the evaporator 301. When the temperature of the electrolyte flowing through the evaporator 301 reaches the upper temperature limit set by the cooling module 3, the temperature detection sensor sends a signal to the controller 303. The controller 303 controls the compressor 302 for refrigeration to start and directly cool the electrolyte in the evaporator 303, thereby greatly improving the cooling efficiency. In addition, temperature sensors are installed on the connecting pipelines between each stack connector 201 of the fuel cell stack 2 and the corresponding storage tank to monitor the temperature of the electrolyte in the pipeline system in real time to ensure that the electrolyte working temperature meets the requirements.

[0036] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the positive electrode return pipeline 8 includes an L-shaped pipeline, a first riser 801, and a second riser 802. One end of the L-shaped pipeline is connected to the positive electrode return connector on the fuel cell stack 2, and the other end is provided with the first riser 801 and the second riser 802. The first riser 801 is connected to the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank 601, and the second riser 802 is connected to the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank 602. Figure 9As shown, a normally closed valve 12 is installed on the first riser 801 connected to the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank 601. Figure 7 As shown, the negative electrode return line 9 includes a first bend line 901 and a second bend line 904, wherein... Figure 6 As shown, the evaporation tank 301 is provided with a first connector 304 and a second connector 305, as follows: Figure 7 As shown, one end of the first bent pipe 901 is connected to the negative electrode return connector on the fuel cell stack 2, and the other end is connected to the first connector 304. One end of the second bent pipe 904 is connected to the second connector 305, and the other end is provided with a third riser 902 and a fourth riser 903. The third riser 902 is connected to the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank 602, and the fourth riser 903 is connected to the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank 601. Figure 9 As shown, a normally closed valve 12 is provided on the third riser 902, which is connected to the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank 602. During routine maintenance of the battery system, it is necessary to open the normally closed valves 12 on the first riser 801 and the third riser 902.

[0037] The piping system of this invention also adopts a modular design. The positive return pipeline 8 formed by the L-shaped pipeline, the first riser 801 and the second riser 802 can be moved as a whole. The second bend pipeline 904, the third riser 902 and the fourth riser 903 in the negative return pipeline 9 can also be moved as a whole. Since the internal space of the cooling mounting bracket 306 is small, this invention can first install the above pipelines and then move them into the cooling mounting bracket 306 as a whole before connecting them with the corresponding connectors, thereby facilitating installation and subsequent disassembly and maintenance.

[0038] In addition, due to the limited installation space inside the cooling mounting bracket 306, if during installation, due to processing errors, interference, or other reasons, the various risers cannot be aligned with the connectors on the storage tank module 6, the entire pipeline assembly formed by the positive return pipeline 8, the second bent pipeline, the third riser 902, and the fourth riser 903 can be replaced. Alternatively, as shown in the embodiment of the present invention, an adjusting pipe assembly 11 can be provided at the upper end of the first riser 801 and the upper end of the third riser 902 to achieve adjustment of the riser spacing.

[0039] like Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, both the upper end of the first riser 801 and the upper end of the third riser 902 are provided with adjusting pipe assemblies 11 connected to the corresponding pipelines, such as... Figure 10As shown, in this embodiment, the regulating pipe assembly 11 includes a regulating pipe 111, a regulating pipe connector 112, and a nut 113. The regulating pipe 111 has a threaded connection section 1111 at its front end, which is inserted into the regulating pipe connector 112 to achieve a threaded connection. The rear end of the regulating pipe 111 is connected to a corresponding pipeline. A clamping flange 1112 is provided at the front end of the regulating pipe 111. A stop 1121 is provided inside the regulating pipe connector 112, and a compression spring 115 is provided between the stop 1121 and the clamping flange 1112. A sealing gasket 114 is fitted tightly against the stop 1121. A compression spring 115 is fitted onto the adjusting pipe 111, with one end connected to the clamping flange 1112 and the other end pressing against the sealing gasket 114. A nut 113 is fitted onto the portion of the threaded connection section 1111 located outside the adjusting pipe joint 112. A groove is provided on the end face of the adjusting pipe joint 112, and a sealing ring is provided in the groove. The nut 113 abuts against the end face of the adjusting pipe joint 112 to fix the sealing ring. During adjustment, the relevant piping components can be moved out of the cooling mounting bracket 306. Then, first, the nut 113 is turned backward to leave a suitable adjustment distance. Then, the adjusting tube 111 is turned to change its length inserted into the adjusting tube connector 112, thereby adjusting the distance between the two risers according to the installation requirements. During the adjustment process, the length of the compression spring 115 changes accordingly but is always in a compressed state against the sealing gasket 114 to ensure its sealing state. After the adjustment is completed, the piping components are moved into the cooling mounting bracket 306, and the risers are first connected to the corresponding connectors to achieve fixed positioning. At this time, the adjusting tube 111 can move to compress the compression spring 115 with a certain amount of fine adjustment, which can adapt to the fine adjustment installation of the connector. After the connection is completed, the nut 113 is turned forward to move it to abut against the end face of the adjusting tube connector 112 and press against the sealing ring. At this time, since the lower end of the riser has been fixed, that is, the relative position of the adjusting tube connector 112 and the adjusting tube 111 has been fixed, which can ensure that the nut 113 abuts against the end face of the adjusting tube connector 112 to achieve sealing. The regulating pipe assembly 11 is provided with two seals: a sealing gasket 114 and a sealing ring, to ensure the sealing effect of the pipeline. In addition, the regulating pipe connector 112 is provided with a limiting block 1122 in the inner cavity to limit the forward movement of the clamping flange 1112, so as to prevent the regulating pipe 111 from being inserted too deeply and blocking the inner cavity of the first riser 801 or the third riser 902, thus affecting the flow of electrolyte.

[0040] like Figure 5As shown, the vertical surface of the right-angled notch of the storage tank module 6 is also provided with an adjusting overflow pipe assembly 7. In this embodiment, the adjusting overflow pipe assembly 7 includes an overflow pipe 701 and an adjusting pipe 702. Both the overflow pipe 701 and the adjusting pipe 702 are connected at one end to the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank 601 and at the other end to the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank 602. The overflow pipe 701 is located above the electrolyte surface in the storage tank module 6, and the adjusting pipe 702 is located below the electrolyte surface in the storage tank module 6. One end of the overflow pipe 701 is provided with a first connecting pipe 703 connected to the corresponding end of the regulating pipe 702. The other end of the overflow pipe 701 is provided with a second connecting pipe 704 connected to the corresponding end of the regulating pipe 702. Electric ball valves are provided on the overflow pipes 701 and regulating pipes 702 on both sides of the first connecting pipe 703 and on the overflow pipes 701 and regulating pipes 702 on both sides of the second connecting pipe 704. A tank pressure sensor is provided at the end of the regulating pipe 702 for real-time monitoring of the liquid pressure in the corresponding tank. The function of the regulating pipe 701 is to regulate the intermingling flow of electrolytes in the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank 602 and the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank 601 under certain specific conditions, such as when a side reaction occurs that degrades battery performance. The function of the overflow pipe 701 is to prevent excessive electrolyte migration in extremely rare cases, such as when a side reaction occurs that degrades battery performance and electrolytes in the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank 602 and the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank 601 migrate from one electrode to the other. To avoid excessive electrolyte migration, the electrolyte flows from the high-level storage tank to the low-level storage tank through the overflow pipe 701. Figure 5 As shown, when the liquid level in the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank 601 is too high and exceeds the overflow pipe 701, the electrolyte in the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank 601 flows into the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank 602, which has a low liquid level, through the overflow pipe 701, the first connecting pipe 703, and the regulating pipe 702. Conversely, when the liquid level in the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank 602 is too high and exceeds the overflow pipe 701, the electrolyte in the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank 602 flows into the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank 602 through the overflow pipe 701, the second connecting pipe 704, and the regulating pipe 702. In the low-liquid-level negative electrode electrolyte storage tank 601, a tank pressure sensor monitors the liquid pressure inside the tank in real time. When migration occurs, the pressure value read by the tank pressure sensor changes. When the set pressure value is reached, the tank pressure sensor sends a signal to the electrical control system 4 to control the corresponding electric ball valve to open, thereby realizing the mutual mixing and flow regulation or overflow regulation between the two tanks. When the liquid pressure inside the tank reaches the set safety value, the electrical control system 4 controls the electric ball valve to close, completing the regulation work. The regulating overflow pipeline assembly 7 is also an integrated design, which can be installed, disassembled, and maintained as a whole.

[0041] like Figures 1-3As shown, the housing assembly 1 includes an upper housing 101 and a lower housing 102. The fuel cell stack 2, cooling module 3, and electrical control module 4 are all located in the upper housing 101. After removing the upper housing 101, the above modules can be installed and maintained. The storage tank module 6 and the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 5 are both located in the lower housing 102. In addition, the lower end of the lower housing 102 is provided with a housing base plate 103 with a forklift hole. The forklift hole facilitates the insertion of a forklift to realize the overall transportation of the present invention.

[0042] In this embodiment, the electronic control module 4 includes a charging circuit and a discharging circuit. The positive and negative output terminals of the fuel cell stack 2 are connected to an external inverter via cables after passing through the charging circuit and the discharging circuit, respectively. The electronic control module 4 is located on one side of the upper part of the housing assembly 1. During charging, power from the external power supply device enters the inverter through the cable, and then the inverter, through the charging circuit, guides the power to the fuel cell stack 2 via the cable. Electrochemical cells undergo a chemical reaction to store electrical energy in the electrolyte. During discharging, the electrolyte undergoes a chemical reaction through the fuel cell stack 2 to release electrical energy, which then enters the inverter through the discharging circuit via the cable. The inverter then supplies the energy to the load via the cable for the load's use. The electronic control module 4 is a technology known in the art.

[0043] like Figure 9 As shown, the negative electrode inlet pipe 501, the positive electrode inlet pipe 502, the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank 601, and the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank 602 are respectively connected to corresponding ports on a SOC battery 10 via pipes. The SOC battery 10 can be integrated into the electronic control module 4 to display the real-time charge of the battery system of the present invention. The SOC battery 10 is a technology known in the art.

[0044] The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0045] During operation, the invention provides power from an external power supply device during charging, which is then introduced into the fuel cell stack 2 via the electronic control module 4. A chemical reaction occurs in the fuel cell stack 2, storing electrical energy in the electrolyte. During discharging, the electrolyte undergoes a chemical reaction through the fuel cell stack 2, releasing the electrical energy. This released energy is then supplied to the load via the electronic control module 4 for the load's use. For example... Figure 9 As shown, the negative electrode inlet pipe 501 is equipped with a negative electrode inlet pump 5011 to realize the circulation of negative electrode electrolyte, and the positive electrode inlet pipe 502 is equipped with a positive electrode inlet pump 5021 to realize the circulation of positive electrode electrolyte.

[0046] This invention adopts a modular design, which reduces the size of the device and facilitates installation and maintenance. The cooling module 3 significantly improves the electrolyte cooling efficiency. To accommodate the compact structure of this invention, the piping system employs numerous integrated designs, such as the inlet pipe assembly 5, the positive electrode return pipe 8, and the negative electrode return pipe 9. The inlet pipe assembly 5 and the positive electrode return pipe 8 are both integrally movable designs. The negative electrode return pipe 9 is connected to the cooling module 3, and the second bend, third riser 902, and fourth riser 903 within the negative electrode return pipe 9 are also integrally designed. The inlet pipe assembly 5 is integrated into a right-angle recess on one side of the upper end of the storage tank module 6. The negative electrode return pipe 9 and the positive electrode return pipe 8 are integrated into the cooling mounting bracket 306 of the cooling module 3, without increasing the device size, ensuring a compact overall structure. Considering installation requirements, both the negative electrode return pipe 9 and the positive electrode return pipe 8 can be equipped with adjusting pipe assemblies 11 to adjust the riser spacing, facilitating installation.

[0047] The present invention also includes an overflow regulating pipeline assembly 7, which includes an overflow pipeline 701 and a regulating pipeline 702. The function of the regulating pipeline 701 is to regulate the intermingling flow of electrolytes in the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank 602 and the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank 601 under certain specific conditions, such as when a side reaction occurs and the battery performance is reduced. The function of the overflow pipeline 701 is to prevent the electrolyte from migrating excessively from one electrode to the other under extremely special conditions, such as when a side reaction occurs and the battery performance is reduced. This ensures the performance of the battery system of the present invention.

Claims

1. A user-side all-vanadium redox flow battery system, characterized in that: The device includes a housing assembly (1) and a fuel cell stack (2), a cooling module (3), an electrical control module (4), a storage tank module (6), an inlet pipeline assembly (5), a positive electrode return pipeline (8), and a negative electrode return pipeline (9) disposed within the housing assembly (1). The fuel cell stack (2), the cooling module (3), and the electrical control module (4) are located on the upper side of the storage tank module (6). A right-angled notch is provided on one side of the upper end of the storage tank module (6), and the inlet pipeline assembly (5) is located in the right-angled notch. The storage tank module (6) includes a negative electrode electrolyte storage tank (601) and a positive electrode electrolyte storage tank (602). The inlet pipeline assembly (5) includes a negative electrode inlet pipeline (501) and a positive electrode inlet pipeline (502). The fuel cell stack (2) is equipped with... It has a negative electrode inlet connector, a negative electrode return connector, a positive electrode inlet connector and a positive electrode return connector. The outlet of the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank (601) is connected to the negative electrode inlet connector through the negative electrode inlet pipe (501). The outlet of the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank (602) is connected to the positive electrode inlet connector through the positive electrode inlet pipe (502). The negative electrode return connector is connected to the return port of the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank (601) through the negative electrode return pipe (9). The negative electrode return pipe (9) is equipped with a cooling module (3). The positive electrode return connector is connected to the return port of the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank (602) through the positive electrode return pipe (8). The positive and negative electrodes of the stack (2) are both connected to the electronic control module (4). The liquid inlet pipeline assembly (5) includes a negative electrode liquid inlet pipeline (501), a positive electrode liquid inlet pipeline (502), and a mounting base plate (503). A negative electrode liquid inlet pump (5011) is provided on the negative electrode liquid inlet pipeline (501), and a positive electrode liquid inlet pump (5021) is provided on the positive electrode liquid inlet pipeline (502). Both the negative electrode liquid inlet pump (5011) and the positive electrode liquid inlet pump (5021) are located on the mounting base plate (503). The mounting base plate (503) is located on the horizontal surface of the right-angle recess. Multiple connection ports are provided on the vertical surface of the right-angle recess, and the negative electrode liquid inlet pipeline (501) and the positive electrode liquid inlet pipeline (502) are respectively connected to the corresponding connection ports. The cooling module (3) includes a cooling mounting bracket (306) and an evaporator (301), a compressor (302) and a controller (303) disposed in the cooling mounting bracket (306). The positive electrode return liquid line (8) and the negative electrode return liquid line (9) are both disposed in the cooling mounting bracket (306), and the evaporator (301) is disposed on the negative electrode return liquid line (9). A temperature detection sensor is provided inside the evaporator (301). The positive electrode return pipeline (8) includes an L-shaped pipeline, a first riser (801), and a second riser (802). One end of the L-shaped pipeline is connected to the positive electrode return connector on the fuel cell stack (2), and the other end is provided with a first riser (801) and a second riser (802). The first riser (801) is connected to the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank (601), and the second riser (802) is connected to the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank (602). The negative electrode return pipeline (9) includes a first bend pipeline (901) and a second bend pipeline (904). The evaporation tank (30) 1) The first connector (304) and the second connector (305) are provided on the stack (2), and one end of the first bent pipe (901) is connected to the negative electrode return liquid connector on the stack (2), and the other end is connected to the first connector (304). One end of the second bent pipe (904) is connected to the second connector (305), and the other end is provided with a third riser (902) and a fourth riser (903). The third riser (902) is connected to the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank (602), and the fourth riser (903) is connected to the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank (601). The upper ends of the first riser (801) and the third riser (902) are both provided with adjusting pipe assemblies (11). The adjusting pipe assembly (11) includes an adjusting pipe (111), an adjusting pipe connector (112), and a nut (113). The front part of the adjusting pipe (111) is provided with a threaded connection section (1111) inserted into the adjusting pipe connector (112). A clamping flange (1112) is provided at the front end of the adjusting pipe (111). A stop (1121) is provided inside the adjusting pipe connector (112), and there is a gap between the stop (1121) and the clamping flange (1112). A compression spring (115) and a sealing gasket (114) are provided. The sealing gasket (114) is tightly attached to the stop (1121). The compression spring (115) is fitted on the adjusting pipe (111) and one end is connected to the clamping flange (1112), while the other end abuts against the sealing gasket (114). The threaded connection section (1111) located outside the adjusting pipe joint (112) is fitted with a nut (113). A groove with a sealing ring is provided on the end face of the adjusting pipe joint (112), and the nut (113) abuts against the end face of the adjusting pipe joint (112).

2. The user-side vanadium redox flow battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Pressure sensors (504) and sampling valves (505) are provided on both the negative electrode inlet pipe (501) and the positive electrode inlet pipe (502).

3. The user-side vanadium redox flow battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first riser (801) and the third riser (902) are equipped with normally closed valves (12).

4. The user-side vanadium redox flow battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical surface of the right-angled notch of the storage tank module (6) is provided with an adjustable overflow pipeline assembly (7). The adjustable overflow pipeline assembly (7) includes an overflow pipeline (701) and an adjusting pipeline (702). Both the overflow pipeline (701) and the adjusting pipeline (702) are connected at one end to the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank (601) and at the other end to the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank (602). The overflow pipeline (701) is located above the electrolyte surface in the storage tank module (6), and the adjusting pipeline (702) is located below the electrolyte surface in the storage tank module (6). One end of the overflow pipe (701) is provided with a first connecting pipe (703) connected to the corresponding end of the regulating pipe (702), and the other end of the overflow pipe (701) is provided with a second connecting pipe (704) connected to the corresponding end of the regulating pipe (702). Electric ball valves are provided on the overflow pipe (701) and regulating pipe (702) on both sides of the first connecting pipe (703) and on the overflow pipe (701) and regulating pipe (702) on both sides of the second connecting pipe (704). A tank pressure sensor is provided at the end of the regulating pipe (702).

5. The user-side vanadium redox flow battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing assembly (1) includes an upper housing (101) and a lower housing (102), wherein the fuel cell stack (2), cooling module (3) and electrical control module (4) are all located in the upper housing (101), and the storage tank module (6) and liquid inlet pipeline assembly (5) are all located in the lower housing (102). The lower end of the lower housing (102) is provided with a housing bottom plate (103) with forklift holes.

6. The user-side vanadium redox flow battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative electrode inlet pipe (501), the positive electrode inlet pipe (502), the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank (601), and the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank (602) are respectively connected to the corresponding ports on a SOC battery (10) through pipes.

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