Solar cell antenna and transceiving control method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a solar cell antenna and a transceiving control method thereof. The antenna comprises an antenna radiator structure, an antenna feed bottom plate and a radio frequency coaxial connector, the antenna radiator structure is arranged above the antenna feed bottom plate at intervals, the bottom surface of the antenna feed bottom plate is provided with the radio frequency coaxial connector, the antenna radiator structure is integrated with a solar cell panel and a radio frequency front end amplification circuit, the positive electrode of the solar cell panel, the input end or the output end of the radio frequency front end amplification circuit and the radio frequency coaxial connector are sequentially connected to realize the transmission of electromagnetic signals, the positive electrode of the solar cell panel is also connected with the power supply end of the radio frequency front end amplification circuit to supply power for the radio frequency front end amplification circuit, and the negative electrode of the solar cell panel is connected with the grounding point of the radio frequency front end amplification circuit and the antenna feed bottom plate in common ground. The antenna utilizes the structure and area of the solar cell to realize efficient electromagnetic signal transceiving and amplification, and can be used in various scenes, and has wide application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna technology, particularly to the design and application of photovoltaic material integrated active antennas in improving electromagnetic signal transmission and reception, and specifically to a solar cell antenna and its transmission and reception control method. Background Technology

[0002] Antenna gain enhancement is particularly important in communications requiring long-distance transmission, as path loss severely reduces signal strength. This limitation can be mitigated using high-gain antennas. While this is not a problem for large antennas such as reflector antennas, solutions are needed for small antennas or in space-constrained situations. Common methods include using deformable antenna structures and lens antennas. Active integrated antennas are another design approach to achieve low gain and small size. This requires a power supply, as their operation and maintenance necessitate electrical power. However, in remote areas where grid access is unavailable, or in independent systems such as vehicle-mounted communication systems or satellite systems, a dedicated power supply is required. To overcome these limitations, highly integrating solar cells and antennas, utilizing photovoltaic power generation to improve antenna performance, is a reliable solution.

[0003] The integration of communication systems and photovoltaic (PV) technology signifies the development of autonomous communication systems. PV-integrated antennas are not only unaffected by the power supply system but also utilize green energy. Originally, PV generators and antennas were independent devices; their separate existence not only competed for limited space within the system but also increased the difficulty and cost of product design. Current solar-integrated antennas are designed based on this need, primarily focusing on the energy collection characteristics of solar cells to expand the photovoltaic area without affecting radiation functionality. However, these solar-integrated antennas cannot amplify the antenna's transmitting and receiving signals; energy collection and radiation remain two independent functions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of the prior art, this invention proposes a solar cell antenna. This solar cell antenna not only utilizes the structure and area of ​​a solar cell as a radiating structure, but also leverages its photovoltaic power generation characteristics to power the radio frequency front-end amplifier circuit integrated in the antenna radiator, thereby amplifying electromagnetic transceiver signals.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0006] The solar cell antenna includes an antenna radiator structure, an antenna feed base plate, and an RF coaxial connector. The antenna radiator structure is positioned above and spaced apart from the antenna feed base plate. The RF coaxial connector is mounted on the bottom surface of the antenna feed base plate. The RF coaxial connector includes an RF coaxial connector core for transmitting RF signals between the antenna radiator structure and an external signal input or output device. One end of the RF coaxial connector core passes through the antenna feed base plate and is connected to the antenna radiator structure.

[0007] The antenna radiator structure includes a solar panel for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals and powering the antenna, and a radio frequency (RF) front-end amplifier circuit for amplifying and transmitting RF signals. The positive electrode of the solar panel, the RF front-end amplifier circuit, and the RF coaxial connector core are connected in sequence for transmitting RF signals. The positive electrode of the solar panel is electrically connected to the RF front-end amplifier circuit to power the circuit. The negative electrode of the solar panel is connected to the antenna feed base plate and grounded, while sharing a common ground with the RF front-end amplifier circuit.

[0008] The radio frequency (RF) front-end amplifier circuit includes an input terminal, an output terminal, a ground point, an amplifier circuit, a filter circuit, and a voltage regulator circuit. The amplifier circuit amplifies the RF signal, which is transmitted from the input terminal of the RF front-end amplifier circuit to the amplified terminal and then transmitted to the output terminal of the RF front-end amplifier circuit. The power supply terminal of the amplifier circuit is connected in series with the voltage regulator circuit and the filter circuit to the positive electrode of the solar panel. The filter circuit suppresses the RF signal while retaining DC voltage, and the voltage regulator circuit provides a stable driving voltage for the amplifier circuit.

[0009] The amplifier circuit is connected to the grounding point of the radio frequency front-end amplifier circuit, and the grounding point is connected to the negative electrode of the solar panel for common ground.

[0010] The input and output terminals of the radio frequency front-end amplifier circuit are respectively connected to the positive electrode of the solar panel and the core of the radio frequency coaxial connector for transmitting radio frequency signals, or the positions of the two can be interchanged.

[0011] The radio frequency coaxial connector is connected to an external signal input or output device via a radio frequency coaxial cable to achieve radio frequency signal transmission.

[0012] The radio frequency coaxial connector also includes an external radio frequency coaxial connector covering the outside of the radio frequency coaxial connector core, and the external radio frequency coaxial connector is fixedly connected to the back plate on the bottom surface of the antenna feed base plate as a ground plane.

[0013] The solar cell antenna also includes a metal column, which is vertically fixed between the solar panel and the antenna feed base plate. The top of the metal column is connected to the negative electrode of the solar panel, and the bottom of the metal column is connected to the antenna feed base plate and shares a common ground with the antenna feed base plate.

[0014] The solar panels include, but are not limited to, crystalline silicon solar cells, amorphous silicon solar cells, multi-component compound solar cells, and chemical dye solar cells.

[0015] The solar panel receives sunlight, which can be from natural or artificial sources.

[0016] The solar panels can be in various shapes, including circular, square, polygonal, and triangular.

[0017] The transmit / receive control method for the solar cell antenna is as follows:

[0018] Under sunlight, the solar panel generates current after receiving sunlight. The current flows through the positive electrode of the solar panel, the filter circuit, the voltage regulator circuit, and the power supply terminal of the amplifier circuit to power the amplifier circuit. Driven by the current, the amplifier circuit amplifies the radio frequency signal input to the input terminal from the radio frequency coaxial connector or the positive electrode of the solar panel. The amplified radio frequency signal is then transmitted to the solar panel or the radio frequency coaxial connector through the output terminal, realizing efficient signal transmission and reception.

[0019] In the absence of light, the amplification circuit directly transmits the unamplified radio frequency signal, which is input to the input terminal via the radio frequency coaxial connector or the positive electrode of the solar panel, to the output terminal, and then to the solar panel or radio frequency coaxial connector, thereby realizing signal transmission and reception.

[0020] The operating frequency f of the solar cell antenna is set according to the following formula:

[0021]

[0022] In the formula, H is the height difference between the antenna radiator structure and the antenna feed plate, d is the distance between the RF coaxial connector core and the negative electrode of the solar panel, c is the speed of light, and ε is the distance between the antenna radiator structure and the antenna feed plate. r It is the equivalent dielectric constant of the medium between the solar panel and the antenna feed plate.

[0023] The transmit / receive control method adjusts the operating frequency f of the solar cell antenna by adjusting the height difference H between the antenna radiator structure and the antenna feed base plate.

[0024] The solar cell antenna can function as both a transmitting and receiving antenna, specifically as follows:

[0025] When the solar cell antenna is used as a transmitting antenna, the output of the RF front-end amplifier circuit is connected to the positive electrode of the solar panel, and the input of the RF front-end amplifier circuit is connected to the RF coaxial connector core on the antenna feed base plate. In the absence of light, the RF signal to be transmitted is input to the input of the RF front-end amplifier circuit via the RF coaxial connector, transmitted through the amplifier circuit to its output, and then transmitted through the positive electrode of the solar panel. In the presence of light, the solar panel radiates light while simultaneously receiving it, and the resulting current drives the amplifier circuit of the RF front-end amplifier circuit to amplify the RF signal, thus improving the quality of the transmitted signal.

[0026] When the solar cell antenna is used as a receiving antenna, the input terminal of the RF front-end amplifier circuit is connected to the positive electrode of the solar panel, and the output terminal of the RF front-end amplifier circuit is connected to the RF coaxial connector core on the antenna feed base plate. Under no-light conditions, the RF signal received by the antenna radiator structure is transmitted from the positive electrode to the input terminal of the RF front-end amplifier circuit, then through the amplifier circuit to its output terminal, and finally through the RF coaxial connector to an external signal receiving device. Under light conditions, the solar panel radiates light while simultaneously receiving it, and the resulting current drives the amplifier circuit of the RF front-end amplifier circuit to amplify the RF signal, thus increasing the strength of the received RF signal.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0028] (1) The solar cell antenna in this invention realizes the integration of wireless communication system and photovoltaic power generation system, and fully integrates radiation, power generation and power supply and gain amplification functions into a single antenna. Under the power supply of solar energy, the antenna's transmitting and receiving signals can be amplified, forming an independent power supply and efficient radiation system.

[0029] (2) The solar cell antenna in this invention makes full use of the working characteristics of solar cell antennas. First, solar energy is a green, environmentally friendly and sustainable energy source. Second, solar cells themselves can be used as radiating elements for the transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves.

[0030] (3) The solar cell antenna in this invention is essentially an active antenna. Compared with other active antennas, this invention generates and supplies power itself and is not limited by power supply conditions. It has special advantages in some environments where it is difficult to lay power grids, such as on satellites, in deserts, in high-latitude areas, or in environments such as mobile communication systems like vehicle systems. Therefore, the solar cell antenna in this invention has broad application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention as a receiving antenna;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention as a transmitting antenna;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the process of this invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the back side of the antenna radiator used as a receiving antenna in this invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the back side of the antenna radiator used as a transmitting antenna in this invention.

[0036] In the diagram: 1. Antenna radiator structure; 2. Antenna feed base plate; 3. Solar panel; 31. Positive electrode; 32. Negative electrode; 4. RF front-end amplifier circuit; 41. Input terminal; 42. Output terminal; 43. Grounding point; 5. RF coaxial connector; 51. RF coaxial connector core; 52. RF coaxial connector exterior; 6. Metal pillar; 7. Amplifier circuit; 71. Power supply terminal; 8. Filter circuit; 9. Voltage regulator circuit; 10. RF coaxial cable. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0038] The solar cell antenna of this invention includes an antenna radiator structure 1, an antenna feed base plate 2, and an RF coaxial connector 5. The antenna radiator structure 1 is positioned above the antenna feed base plate 2 and spaced apart from it. An RF coaxial connector 5 is mounted on the bottom surface of the antenna feed base plate 2. The RF coaxial connector 5 includes an RF coaxial connector core 51, one end of which passes through the antenna feed base plate 2 and connects to the antenna radiator structure 1. The RF coaxial connector core 51 is used to transmit RF signals between the antenna radiator structure 1 and an external signal input or output device.

[0039] The antenna radiator structure 1 includes a solar panel 3 for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals and power supply, and a radio frequency front-end amplifier circuit 4 for amplifying and transmitting radio frequency signals. The antenna radiator structure 1 is an integration of the solar panel 3 and the radio frequency front-end amplifier circuit 4.

[0040] The positive electrode 31 of the solar panel 3, the radio frequency front-end amplifier circuit 4, and the radio frequency coaxial connector core 51 are connected in sequence to transmit radio frequency signals. The positive electrode 31 of the solar panel 3 is electrically connected to the radio frequency front-end amplifier circuit 4 to supply power to the radio frequency front-end amplifier circuit 4. The negative electrode 32 of the solar panel 3 is connected to the antenna feed base plate 2 and grounded, and shares the same ground with the radio frequency front-end amplifier circuit 4.

[0041] The solar panel 3 is the main radiating patch. One of its functions is to transmit and receive electromagnetic signals via internal metal wires. Another function is to receive sunlight over a large area and convert light energy into electrical energy to power the radio frequency (RF) front-end amplifier circuit 4. Specifically, when the solar antenna is working, the structure and area of ​​the solar panel 3, as the main body of the antenna radiator structure 1, enable the reception or transmission of electromagnetic signals. When the solar panel 3 is illuminated by a light source, it receives sunlight while radiating, converting light energy into electrical energy. The current generated by the solar panel 3 is transmitted through the positive electrode 31 to the RF front-end amplifier circuit 4, driving the circuit to amplify the RF signal and achieve more efficient electromagnetic signal transmission and reception.

[0042] The radio frequency front-end amplifier circuit 4 includes an input terminal 41, an output terminal 42, a ground point 43, an amplifier circuit 7, a filter circuit 8, and a voltage regulator circuit 9. The amplifier circuit 7 is used to transmit and amplify radio frequency signals. The radio frequency signals are transmitted from the input terminal 41 of the radio frequency front-end amplifier circuit 4 to the amplifier circuit 7, amplified, and then transmitted to the output terminal 42 of the radio frequency front-end amplifier circuit 4. The power supply terminal 71 of the amplifier circuit 7 is connected in series with the voltage regulator circuit 9 and the filter circuit 8 to the positive electrode 31 of the solar panel 3. The filter circuit 8 is used to suppress radio frequency signals and retain DC voltage, and the voltage regulator circuit 9 is used to provide a stable driving voltage for the amplifier circuit 7.

[0043] The current generated by the solar panel 3 powers the amplifier circuit 7 through the filter circuit 8 and the voltage regulator circuit 9. Specifically, the positive electrode 31 of the solar panel 3 is connected to the input terminal of the filter circuit 8, the output terminal of the filter circuit 8 is connected to the input terminal of the voltage regulator circuit 9, and the output terminal of the voltage regulator circuit 9 is connected to the power supply terminal 71 of the amplifier circuit 7.

[0044] Amplifier circuit 7 is connected to ground point 43 of RF front-end amplifier circuit 4, and ground point 43 is connected to the negative electrode 32 of solar panel 3 for common ground.

[0045] The input terminal 41 and output terminal 42 of the RF front-end amplifier circuit 4 are respectively connected to the positive electrode 31 of the solar panel 3 and the RF coaxial connector core 51 for transmitting RF signals, or the positions of the two can be interchanged.

[0046] The radio frequency coaxial connector 5 is connected to an external signal input device or signal output device via the radio frequency coaxial cable 10 to realize the transmission of radio frequency signals.

[0047] The RF coaxial connector 5 also includes an RF coaxial connector outer 52 that covers the outside of the RF coaxial connector core 51. The RF coaxial connector outer 52 is fixedly connected to the back plate on the bottom surface of the antenna feed base plate 2 as a ground plane.

[0048] The solar cell antenna also includes a metal post 6, which is vertically fixed between the solar panel 3 and the antenna feed base plate 2. The top of the metal post 6 is connected to the negative electrode 32, and the bottom of the metal post 6 is connected to the top surface of the antenna feed base plate 2 and shares the same ground with the antenna feed base plate 2.

[0049] Solar panels 3 include, but are not limited to, crystalline silicon solar cells, amorphous silicon solar panels, multi-component compound solar cells, and chemical dye solar panels.

[0050] Solar panel 3 receives sunlight, which can be from natural or artificial light sources.

[0051] The solar panel 3 can be in various shapes, including round, square, polygonal, and triangular.

[0052] The transmit / receive control method for solar cell antennas is as follows:

[0053] Under sunlight, the solar panel 3 receives sunlight and converts light energy into electrical energy, generating current. The current flows through the positive electrode 31 of the solar panel 3, the filter circuit 8, the voltage regulator circuit 9, and the power supply terminal 71 of the amplifier circuit 7 to power the amplifier circuit 7. Driven by the current, the amplifier circuit 7 amplifies the radio frequency signal input to the input terminal 41 from the radio frequency coaxial connector 5 or the positive electrode 31 of the solar panel 3, increasing the electromagnetic signal strength. The amplified radio frequency signal is then transmitted to the solar panel 3 or the radio frequency coaxial connector 5 through the output terminal 42, achieving efficient signal transmission and reception.

[0054] In the absence of light, the amplifier circuit 7 acts as a signal transmission device, directly transmitting the unamplified radio frequency signal input to the input terminal 41 from the positive electrode 31 of the radio frequency coaxial connector 5 or the solar panel 3 to the output terminal 42, and then to the solar panel 3 or the radio frequency coaxial connector 5, thereby realizing signal transmission and reception.

[0055] The operating frequency f of the solar cell antenna is set according to the following formula:

[0056]

[0057] In the formula, H is the height difference between the antenna radiator structure 1 and the antenna feed base plate 2, d is the distance between the RF coaxial connector core 51 and the negative electrode 32 of the solar panel 3, c is the speed of light, and ε is the distance between the antenna radiator structure 1 and the antenna feed base plate 2. r is the equivalent dielectric constant of the dielectric between the solar panel 3 and the antenna feed plate 2.

[0058] When transmitting and receiving signals, the operating frequency f of the solar cell antenna is adjusted by adjusting the height difference H between the antenna radiator structure 1 and the antenna feed base plate 2.

[0059] Solar cell antennas can function as both transmitting and receiving antennas, specifically:

[0060] When the solar panel antenna is used as a transmitting antenna, the output terminal 42 of the RF front-end amplifier circuit 4 is connected to the positive electrode 31 of the solar panel 3, and the input terminal 41 of the RF front-end amplifier circuit 4 is connected to the RF coaxial connector core 51 on the antenna feed base plate 2. Under no-light conditions, the RF signal to be transmitted is input to the input terminal 41 of the RF front-end amplifier circuit 4 through the RF coaxial connector 5, then transmitted through the amplification circuit 7 to the output terminal 42 of the RF front-end amplifier circuit 4, and enters the radiating patch through the positive electrode 31 of the solar panel 3, thus being transmitted through the solar panel 3. Under light conditions, the solar panel receives light while radiating it, and the resulting current drives the amplification circuit 7 of the RF front-end amplifier circuit 4 to amplify the RF signal. The amplified RF signal is transmitted to the output terminal 42 of the RF front-end amplifier circuit 4, enters the radiating patch through the positive electrode 31 of the solar panel 3, thus being transmitted through the solar panel 3, improving the quality of the transmitted signal.

[0061] When the solar cell antenna is used as a receiving antenna, the input terminal 41 of the RF front-end amplifier circuit 4 is connected to the positive electrode 31 of the solar panel 3, and the output terminal 42 of the RF front-end amplifier circuit 4 is connected to the RF coaxial connector core 51 on the antenna feed base plate 2. Under no-light conditions, the RF signal received by the antenna radiator structure 1 is transmitted from the positive electrode 31 to the input terminal 41 of the RF front-end amplifier circuit 4, then through the amplification circuit 7 to the output terminal 42 of the RF front-end amplifier circuit 4, and finally through the RF coaxial connector 5 to the external signal receiving device. Under light conditions, the solar panel radiates light while receiving it, and the resulting current drives the amplification circuit 7 of the RF front-end amplifier circuit 4 to amplify the RF signal, thus increasing the strength of the received electromagnetic signal.

[0062] When a solar cell antenna is in operation, it acts as an electromagnetic radiator. The solar cell structure and the antenna feed plate together form a patch antenna structure, enabling signal transmission and reception at the antenna's operating frequency. When the solar cell is illuminated by a strong light source such as the sun, the voltage generated at its positive electrode can drive the radio frequency front-end amplifier circuit to amplify the radio frequency signal. Specific Implementation

[0064] Example 1

[0065] Application of this invention as a solar cell receiving antenna:

[0066] like Figure 1The basic structure of a solar cell receiving antenna includes an antenna radiator structure integrating a solar panel and an RF front-end amplifier circuit, an antenna feed base plate, and an RF coaxial structure. The solar cell is the most widely used crystalline silicon solar cell on the market. The solar panel, as the main radiating patch, is 70mm long, 70mm wide, and 3mm thick. The height H of the solar panel from the antenna feed base plate is 15.5mm. The distance d between the RF coaxial connector core and the negative electrode is 18mm. The antenna feed base plate is 170mm long, 170mm wide, and 2mm thick. The copper plating thickness for the ground plane is 0.018mm. The equivalent dielectric constant ε of the dielectric between the solar panel and the antenna feed base plate is... r The value is 3.23, and the antenna operates at a frequency around 1.54 GHz, which includes civilian GPS frequencies.

[0067]

[0068] like Figure 3 The input of the RF front-end amplifier circuit is connected to the positive electrode of the solar cell, and the output is connected to the RF coaxial connector core on the antenna feed base plate. The RF front-end amplifier circuit includes an amplifier circuit, a filter circuit, and a voltage regulator circuit. The amplifier circuit amplifies the RF signal received from its input and outputs it. Considering the potential for self-oscillation in power amplifiers, a low-noise amplifier with a MAX2659 chip is used. The filter circuit filters the voltage supplied by the solar panel. Its input is connected to the positive electrode of the solar panel, suppressing RF signals and retaining DC voltage. In this case, a series inductor with a value of 68nH is used. The output of the filter circuit is connected to the input of the voltage regulator circuit. The voltage regulator circuit provides a stable driving voltage for the amplifier circuit. Its output is connected to the power supply of the amplifier circuit, with a supply voltage of 2V. The negative electrode of the solar panel is connected to the antenna feed base plate via a metal post. The radius of the metal post is the same as that of the RF coaxial connector core, which is 0.75mm. The antenna feed base plate is externally connected to the RF coaxial connector as a ground plane, while the negative electrode is connected to the ground point of the RF front-end amplifier circuit. The other side of the RF coaxial connector is connected to the RF coaxial line to achieve signal transmission.

[0069] When receiving signals, the antenna receives the radio frequency (RF) signal through its radiating structure. The signal then passes through the input of the RF front-end amplifier circuit, and then through a microstrip line (1.04 mm wide) for amplification. Finally, the signal passes through the microstrip line to the output of the RF front-end amplifier circuit and enters the RF coaxial cable. Under sunlight, the solar panel simultaneously radiates and receives light, generating current that drives the RF front-end amplifier circuit to amplify the RF signal, thus increasing the strength of the received electromagnetic signal.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] Application of this invention as a solar cell transmitting antenna:

[0072] like Figure 1 The basic structure of the solar-powered transmitting antenna includes an antenna radiator structure integrating a solar panel and an RF front-end amplifier circuit, an antenna feed base plate, and an RF coaxial structure. The solar cell is a crystalline silicon solar cell. The solar panel, serving as the main radiating patch, measures 70mm in length, 70mm in width, and 3mm in thickness. The height H of the solar panel from the antenna feed base plate is 15.5mm. The distance d between the RF coaxial connector core and the negative electrode is 26mm. The antenna feed base plate is 170mm in length, 170mm in width, and 2mm in thickness. The copper plating thickness for the ground plane is 0.018mm. The equivalent dielectric constant ε between the solar panel and the antenna feed base plate is... r The value is 3.23, and the antenna operates at a frequency around 1.54 GHz.

[0073] like Figure 4 The input of the RF front-end amplifier circuit is connected to the RF coaxial connector core on the antenna feed base plate, and the output is connected to the positive electrode of the solar cell. The RF front-end amplifier circuit includes an amplifier circuit, a filter circuit, and a voltage regulator circuit. The amplifier circuit amplifies the RF signal received from the RF coaxial cable and outputs it from the RF front-end amplifier circuit; the amplifier chip is a MAX2659. The input of the filter circuit is connected to the positive electrode of the solar panel, suppressing the RF signal and retaining DC voltage. In this case, a series inductor with a value of 68nH is used in the filter circuit. The output of the filter circuit is connected to the input of the voltage regulator circuit. The function of the voltage regulator circuit is to provide a stable driving voltage for the amplifier circuit. The output of the voltage regulator circuit is connected to the power supply terminal of the amplifier circuit, and the power supply voltage is 2V. The negative electrode of the solar panel is connected to the antenna feed base plate via a metal post. The radius of the metal post is the same as that of the RF coaxial connector core, which is 0.75mm. The antenna feed base plate is externally connected to the RF coaxial connector as a ground plane, and the negative electrode is also connected to the ground point of the RF front-end amplifier circuit. The other side of the RF coaxial connector is connected to the RF coaxial line to enable signal transmission.

[0074] When transmitting a signal, the antenna inputs the RF signal to be transmitted into the RF front-end amplifier circuit via an RF coaxial cable. The signal then passes through a microstrip line (1.04mm wide) for amplification. Finally, the signal passes through the microstrip line to the output of the RF front-end amplifier circuit and enters the radiating patch, i.e., the solar panel. Under sunlight, the solar panel both radiates and receives light, generating current that drives the RF front-end amplifier circuit to amplify the RF signal, thus improving the quality of the transmitted signal.

Claims

1. A solar cell antenna, characterized in that: The solar cell antenna includes an antenna radiator structure (1), an antenna feed base plate (2), and an RF coaxial connector (5). The antenna radiator structure (1) is placed above the antenna feed base plate (2) and spaced apart from it. The RF coaxial connector (5) is installed on the bottom surface of the antenna feed base plate (2). The RF coaxial connector (5) includes an RF coaxial connector core (51). One end of the RF coaxial connector core (51) passes through the antenna feed base plate (2) and is connected to the antenna radiator structure (1). The antenna radiator structure (1) includes a solar panel (3) and a radio frequency front-end amplifier circuit (4); the positive electrode (31), the radio frequency front-end amplifier circuit (4), and the radio frequency coaxial connector core (51) of the solar panel (3) are connected in sequence for transmitting radio frequency signals. The positive electrode (31) of the solar panel (3) is electrically connected to the radio frequency front-end amplifier circuit (4) for supplying power to the radio frequency front-end amplifier circuit (4). The negative electrode (32) of the solar panel (3) is connected to the antenna feed base plate (2) and grounded, and shares the same ground with the radio frequency front-end amplifier circuit (4). The radio frequency front-end amplifier circuit (4) includes an input terminal (41), an output terminal (42), a ground point (43), an amplifier circuit (7), a filter circuit (8), and a voltage regulator circuit (9). The amplifier circuit (7) is used to amplify the radio frequency signal. The radio frequency signal is transmitted from the input terminal (41) of the radio frequency front-end amplifier circuit (4) to the amplifier circuit (7) and then amplified and transmitted to the output terminal (42) of the radio frequency front-end amplifier circuit (4). The power supply terminal (71) of the amplifier circuit (7) is connected in series with the voltage regulator circuit (9) and the filter circuit (8) to the positive electrode (31) of the solar panel (3). The amplifier circuit (7) is connected to the ground point (43) of the radio frequency front-end amplifier circuit (4), and the ground point (43) is connected to the negative electrode (32) of the solar panel (3) to share a common ground. The input terminal (41) and output terminal (42) of the radio frequency front-end amplifier circuit (4) are respectively connected to the positive electrode (31) of the solar panel (3) and the core (51) of the radio frequency coaxial connector for transmitting radio frequency signals, or the positions of the two can be interchanged.

2. The solar cell antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radio frequency coaxial connector (5) is connected to an external signal input device or signal output device via a radio frequency coaxial cable (10).

3. The solar cell antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radio frequency coaxial connector (5) also includes a radio frequency coaxial connector outer (52) covering the outside of the radio frequency coaxial connector core (51), and the radio frequency coaxial connector outer (52) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the antenna feed base plate (2).

4. The solar cell antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar cell antenna also includes a metal column (6), which is vertically fixed between the solar cell panel (3) and the antenna feed base plate (2). The top of the metal column (6) is connected to the negative electrode (32) of the solar cell panel (3), and the bottom of the metal column (6) is connected to the antenna feed base plate (2) and shares the same ground with the antenna feed base plate (2).

5. The solar cell antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar panel (3) includes crystalline silicon solar cells, amorphous silicon solar panels, multi-component compound solar cells, and chemical dye solar panels.

6. A method for controlling the transmission and reception of a solar cell antenna according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: Under illumination, the solar panel (3) generates current after receiving light. The current passes through the positive electrode (31) of the solar panel (3), the filter circuit (8), the voltage regulator circuit (9) and the power supply terminal (71) of the amplifier circuit (7) to power the amplifier circuit (7). The amplifier circuit (7) amplifies the radio frequency signal input to the input terminal (41) by the positive electrode (31) of the radio frequency coaxial connector (5) or the solar panel (3) under the current drive. The amplified radio frequency signal is transmitted to the solar panel (3) or the radio frequency coaxial connector (5) through the output terminal (42) to realize the efficient transmission and reception of the signal. In the absence of light, the amplifier circuit (7) transmits the radio frequency signal input to the input terminal (41) from the positive electrode (31) of the radio frequency coaxial connector (5) or the solar panel (3) to the output terminal (42), and then transmits it to the solar panel (3) or the radio frequency coaxial connector (5) to realize the transmission and reception of signals.

7. The transmit / receive control method for a solar cell antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The operating frequency of the solar cell antenna f Set it according to the following formula: f=c / (4(d+H)((1+ε r ) / 2) 1 / 2 ) In the formula, H The height difference between the antenna radiator structure (1) and the antenna feed base plate (2) is... d The distance between the radio frequency coaxial connector core (51) and the negative electrode (32) of the solar panel (3) is... c For the speed of light, ε r is the equivalent dielectric constant of the medium between the solar panel (3) and the antenna feed plate (2).

8. The transmit / receive control method for a solar cell antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmit / receive control method adjusts the height difference between the antenna radiator structure (1) and the antenna feed base plate (2). H This allows for adjustment of the operating frequency of the solar cell antenna. f .

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