Method and apparatus for recovering beam failure in a wireless communication system

Abstract

The disclosure relates to a 5G or 6G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate. A method and apparatus for beam failure recovery in a wireless communication system. A method of operating a user equipment (UE) includes receiving, in radio resource control (RRC) signaling, a pool of one or more RS resource indices for beam failure detection reference signal (BFD-RS) configuration, receiving a medium access control control element (MAC CE) command for BFD-RS activation, and receiving a control resource set (CORESET) with one or two transmission configuration information (TCI) states. The method further includes determining, based on the MAC CE command, a first set of one or more RS resource indices for beam failure detection, and determining, based on the one or two TCI states of the CORESET, one or more RS resource indices in a second set of one or more RS resource indices for beam failure detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure generally relates to wireless communication systems, and more specifically, to beam failure recovery in a wireless communication system. Background Technology

[0002] 5G mobile communication technology defines a wide frequency band, enabling high transmission rates and new services. It can be implemented not only in "sub-6GHz" bands such as 3.5GHz, but also in "above 6GHz" bands, including 28GHz and 39GHz, known as mmWave. Furthermore, the implementation of 6G mobile communication technology (referred to as "super 5G systems") in terahertz bands (e.g., the 95GHz to 3THz band) is being considered to achieve transmission rates fifty times higher than 5G mobile communication technology and ultra-low latency one-tenth that of 5G mobile communication technology.

[0003] In the early stages of 5G mobile communication technology development, to support services and meet performance requirements for enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), and massive machine-type communication (mMTC), standardization has been ongoing for the following: beamforming and massive MIMO to mitigate radio wave path loss and increase radio wave transmission distance in mmWave; dynamic operation to support parameter sets (e.g., operating multiple subcarrier spacings) for efficient utilization of mmWave resources and time slot formats; initial access technologies to support multi-beam transmission and broadband; definition and operation of BWP (bandwidth portion); new channel coding methods such as LDPC (low-density parity-check) codes for large data transmissions and polar codes for highly reliable transmission of control information; L2 preprocessing; and network slicing to provide dedicated networks for specific services.

[0004] Currently, discussions are underway regarding improvements and performance enhancements to the initial 5G mobile communication technology for services supported by 5G mobile communication technology. Physical layer standardization is also ongoing for technologies such as: V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything) to assist autonomous vehicles in making driving decisions based on information about the vehicle's location and status transmitted by the vehicle, and to enhance user convenience; NR-U (Unlicensed New Radio) aimed at enabling system operation to comply with various regulatory requirements in unlicensed frequency bands; NR UE power saving; Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTNs) for providing coverage in areas where communication with terrestrial networks is unavailable; and positioning.

[0005] In addition, standardization has been ongoing regarding air interface architectures / protocols for technologies such as: Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) to support new services through interoperability and convergence with other industries; Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) to provide nodes for network service area extension by supporting wireless backhaul and access links in an integrated manner; mobility enhancements including conditional handover and DAPS (Dual Active Protocol Stack) handover; and two-step random access (2-step RACH for NR) to simplify the random access process. Standardization has also been ongoing regarding system architectures / services for: 5G baseline architectures (e.g., service-based architectures or service-based interfaces) for combining Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) and Software-Defined Networking (SDN) technologies; and Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) for UE location-based reception services.

[0006] With the commercialization of 5G mobile communication systems, the number of connected devices, which has been increasing exponentially, will be connected to the communication network. Therefore, enhanced functionality and performance of 5G mobile communication systems, as well as the integrated operation of connected devices, are expected to be necessary. To this end, new research is planned on the following: Extended Reality (XR) for efficient support of AR (Augmented Reality), VR (Virtual Reality), MR (Mixed Reality), etc.; 5G performance improvements and complexity reduction through the utilization of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML); AI service support; Metaverse service support; and drone communication.

[0007] Furthermore, this development of 5G mobile communication systems will serve as the foundation for operations such as: developing new waveforms to provide coverage in the terahertz band of 6G mobile communication technology; multi-antenna transmission technologies such as full-dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO); array antennas and massive MIMO; metamaterial-based lenses and antennas to improve the coverage of terahertz band signals; high-dimensional spatial multiplexing technologies using OAM (orbital angular momentum) and RIS (reconfigurable smart surfaces); developing full-duplex technologies to improve the frequency efficiency of 6G mobile communication technology and improve system networks; AI-based communication technologies to optimize systems from the design stage by leveraging satellites and AI (artificial intelligence) and internalize end-to-end AI support functions; and next-generation distributed computing technologies to implement services at complexity levels exceeding the limits of UE operating capabilities by utilizing ultra-high-performance communication and computing resources.

[0008] Fifth-generation (5G), or new radio (NR), mobile communications is gaining momentum recently, fueled by global technological activity from industry and academia regarding various candidate technologies. Candidate enabling factors for 5G / NR mobile communications include: massive MIMO technologies from traditional cellular bands to higher frequencies to provide beamforming gain and support increased capacity; new waveforms (e.g., new radio access technologies (RATs)) for flexible adaptation to various services / applications with different requirements; and new multiple access schemes to support massive connectivity, among others. Summary of the Invention

[0009] Technical issues

[0010] In wireless communication systems, since data transmission and reception between the transmitter and receiver are performed in a wireless scheme, transmit / receive beam failures may occur due to wireless characteristics and / or equipment failures and / or environmental factors. Therefore, a method is needed to address the occurrence of transmit / receive beam failures.

[0011] Technical solution

[0012] This disclosure relates to wireless communication systems, and more specifically, to beam failure recovery in a wireless communication system.

[0013] In one embodiment, a user equipment (UE) is provided. The UE includes a transceiver configured to: receive a pool of one or more RS resource indices for Beam Failure Detection Reference Signal (BFD-RS) configuration in Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling; receive a Medium Access Control Element (MAC CE) command for BFD-RS activation; and receive a control resource set (CORESET) having one or two Transmission Configuration Information (TCI) states. The UE also includes a processor operatively coupled to the transceiver. The processor is configured to: determine a first set of one or more RS resource indices for beam failure detection based on the MAC CE command; and determine one or more RS resource indices in a second set of one or more RS resource indices for beam failure detection based on one or two TCI states of the CORESET. The RS resource indices in the first or second set correspond to a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) resource index or a Channel State Information RS (CSI-RS) resource configuration index.

[0014] In another embodiment, a base station (BS) is provided. The BS includes a transceiver configured to: transmit a pool of one or more RS resource indices for BFD-RS configuration in RRC signaling; transmit a MAC CE command for BFD-RS activation to indicate a first set of one or more RS resource indices for beam failure detection; and transmit a CORESET having one or two TCI states to indicate one or more RS resource indices in a second set of one or more RS resource indices for beam failure detection. The RS resource indices in the first or second set correspond to SSB resource indices or CSIRS resource configuration indices.

[0015] In another embodiment, a method for operating a UE is provided. The method includes: receiving a pool of one or more RS resource indices for BFD-RS configuration in RRC signaling; receiving a MAC CE command for BFD-RS activation; and receiving a CORESET having one or two TCI states. The method further includes: determining a first set of one or more RS resource indices for beam failure detection based on the MAC CE command; and determining one or more RS resource indices in a second set of one or more RS resource indices for beam failure detection based on one or two TCI states of the CORESET. The RS resource indices in the first or second set correspond to SSB resource indices or CSI-RS resource configuration indices.

[0016] Other technical features will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art based on the following figures, descriptions, and claims.

[0017] Before proceeding with the detailed implementation below, it may be advantageous to define certain words and phrases used throughout this patent document. The term “coupled” and its derivatives refer to any direct or indirect communication between two or more elements, regardless of whether these elements are physically in contact with each other. The terms “transmit,” “receive,” and “communicate,” and their derivatives encompass both direct and indirect communication. The terms “comprise” and “include,” and their derivatives mean including but not limited to. The term “or” is inclusive, meaning and / or. The phrase “associated with,” and its derivatives mean including, being included in, interconnected with, containing, being contained within, connected to or connected to, coupled to or coupled with, communicable with, cooperating with, intertwined, juxtaposed, proximate to, bound to or subject to, having, possessing the properties of, relating to or related to, etc. The term “controller” means any device, system, or part thereof that controls at least one operation. Such a controller may be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and software and / or firmware. The functionality associated with any particular controller may be centralized or distributed, whether local or remote. When used with a list of items, the phrase “at least one of…” means that different combinations of one or more of the listed items may be used, and only one item from the list may be required. For example, “at least one of A, B, and C” includes any of the following combinations: A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, and A, B, and C.

[0018] Furthermore, the various functions described below can be implemented or supported by one or more computer programs, each computer program being formed by computer-readable program code and embodied in a computer-readable medium. The terms "application" and "program" refer to one or more computer programs, software components, instruction sets, procedures, functions, objects, classes, instances, associated data, or portions thereof suitable for implementation in appropriate computer-readable program code. The phrase "computer-readable program code" includes any type of computer code, including source code, object code, and executable code. The phrase "computer-readable medium" includes any type of medium accessible by a computer, such as read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), hard disk drive, optical disc (CD), digital video disc (DVD), or any other type of storage. "Non-transitory" computer-readable media does not include wired, wireless, optical, or other communication links that transmit transient electrical or other signals. Non-transitory computer-readable media includes media in which data can be permanently stored and media in which data can be stored and later overwritten, such as rewritable optical discs or erasable memory devices.

[0019] This patent document provides definitions for other specific words and phrases throughout. Those skilled in the art will understand that in many (if not most) cases, such definitions apply to both the prior and future uses of the words and phrases defined herein.

[0020] Beneficial effects

[0021] This disclosure provides a situation where a UE is unable to receive data from a TRP in a wireless communication system using a multiple transmit / receive point (TRP) scheme, for example, when a radio link failure (RLF) occurs. A method and apparatus capable of handling each TRP can be provided.

[0022] Based on the detailed description, the more specific effects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To gain a more complete understanding of this disclosure and its advantages, reference will now be made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which the same reference numerals denote the same parts:

[0024] Figure 1 An example of a wireless network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0025] Figure 2 An example of a gNB according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown;

[0026] Figure 3 An example of a UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0027] Figure 4 and Figure 5 Examples of wireless transmission and wireless reception paths according to this disclosure are shown;

[0028] Figure 6a An example of a wireless system beam according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0029] Figure 6b An example of multi-beam operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0030] Figure 7 An example of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0031] Figure 8a An example of beam failure in a primary cell according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown;

[0032] Figure 8b The signaling flow for primary cell beam failure recovery of the UE and gNB according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown;

[0033] Figure 9aAn example of beam failure in a secondary cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0034] Figure 9b The signaling flow for secondary cell beam failure recovery of the UE and gNB according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown;

[0035] Figure 10 An example of beam failure in a multi-TRP system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0036] Figure 11 An example of a control resource set including two TCI states is shown according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] Figure 12 An example of a BFD RS set according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, the BFD RS set including RS indices in an RS set associated with two TCI states associated with CORESET;

[0038] Figure 13 A flowchart of a UE method for declaring beam failure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The following discussion Figures 1 to 13 The various embodiments used to describe the principles of this disclosure in this patent document are illustrative only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure in any way. Those skilled in the art will understand that the principles of this disclosure can be implemented in any suitably arranged system or device.

[0040] The following documents are hereby incorporated herein by reference, as fully set forth herein: 3GPP TS 38.211 v16.1.0, "NR; Physical channels and modulation"; 3GPP TS 38.212 v16.1.0, "NR; Multiplexing and Channel coding"; 3GPP TS 38.213 v16.1.0, "NR; Physical Layer Procedures for Control"; 3GPP TS 38.214 v16.1.0, "NR; Physical Layer Procedures for Data"; 3GPP TS 38.321 v16.1.0, "NR; Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol specification"; and 3GPP TS 38.331 v16.1.0, "NR; Radio Resource Control (RRC) Protocol Specification".

[0041] To meet the increasing demand for wireless data services since the deployment of 4G communication systems and to enable various vertical applications, 5G / NR communication systems have been developed and are currently being deployed. 5G / NR communication systems are considered to be implemented in higher frequency (mmWave) bands (e.g., 28 GHz or 60 GHz bands) to achieve higher data rates; or in lower frequency bands such as 6 GHz to achieve robust coverage and mobility support. To reduce radio wave propagation loss and increase transmission distance, beamforming, massive MIMO, full-dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antennas, analog beamforming, and massive MIMO technologies are discussed in 5G / NR communication systems.

[0042] In addition, in 5G / NR communication systems, development is underway to improve the system network based on advanced small cells, cloud radio access networks (RAN), ultra-dense networks, device-to-device (D2D) communication, wireless backhaul, mobile networks, cooperative communication, coordinated multipoint (CoMP), and receiver interference cancellation.

[0043] The discussion of 5G systems and their associated frequency bands is for reference only, as certain embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented in 5G systems. However, this disclosure is not limited to 5G systems or their associated frequency bands, and embodiments of this disclosure can be utilized in combination with any frequency band. For example, aspects of this disclosure can also be applied to 5G communication systems, 6G deployments that may use terahertz (THz) frequency bands, or even later versions.

[0044] The following Figures 1 to 3 Various embodiments of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) communication technologies implemented in wireless communication systems are described. Figures 1 to 3 The description is not intended to imply any physical or architectural limitations on the ways in which different embodiments may be implemented. Different embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented in any suitably arranged communication system.

[0045] Figure 1 An example wireless network according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 1 The embodiments of the wireless network shown are for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments of the wireless network 100 may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the wireless network includes gNB 101 (e.g., a base station, BS), gNB 102, and gNB 103. gNB 101 communicates with gNB 102 and gNB 103. gNB 101 also communicates with at least one network 130 such as the Internet, a proprietary Internet Protocol (IP) network, or other data network.

[0047] gNB 102 provides wireless broadband access to network 130 to a first plurality of user equipments (UEs) within its coverage area 120. The first plurality of UEs includes: UE 111, which may be located in a small business; UE 112, which may be located in an enterprise (E); UE 113, which may be located in a WiFi hotspot (HS); UE 114, which may be located in a first residence (R); UE 115, which may be located in a second residence (R); and UE 116, which may be a mobile device (M), such as a mobile phone, wireless laptop, wireless PDA, etc. gNB 103 provides wireless broadband access to network 130 to a second plurality of UEs within its coverage area 125. The second plurality of UEs includes UE 115 and UE 116. In some embodiments, one or more of the gNBs 101-103 may use 5G / NR, Long Term Evolution (LTE), Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A), WiMAX, WiFi or other wireless communication technologies to communicate with each other and with the UEs 111-116.

[0048] Depending on the network type, the term "base station" or "BS" can refer to any component (or set of components) configured to provide wireless access to a network, such as a transmitting point (TP), a transmitting and receiving point (TRP), an enhanced base station (eNodeB or eNB), a 5G / NR base station (gNB), a macro cell, a femtocell, a WiFi access point (AP), or other wireless-enabled equipment. A base station can provide wireless access according to one or more of the following wireless communication protocols: for example, 5G / NR 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) NR, Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), High Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA), Wi-Fi 802.11a / b / g / n / ac, etc. For convenience, in this patent document, the terms "BS" and "TRP" are used interchangeably to refer to network infrastructure components that provide wireless access to remote terminals. Furthermore, depending on the network type, the term "user equipment" or "UE" can refer to any component such as a "mobile station," "subscriber station," "remote terminal," "wireless terminal," "receiving point," or "user equipment." For convenience, the terms “user equipment” and “UE” are used in this patent document to refer to a remote wireless device that wirelessly accesses a BS, whether the UE is a mobile device (such as a mobile phone or smartphone) or is generally considered to be a fixed device (such as a desktop computer or vending machine).

[0049] The dashed lines indicate the approximate extent of coverage areas 120 and 125, which are shown as roughly circular for illustrative and explanatory purposes only. It should be clearly understood that coverage areas associated with the gNB (such as coverage areas 120 and 125) may have other shapes, including irregular shapes, depending on the configuration of the gNB and variations in the wireless environment associated with natural and man-made obstacles.

[0050] As described in more detail below, one or more of UEs 111-116 include circuitry, programming, or a combination thereof for beam failure recovery in a wireless communication system. In some embodiments, one or more of gNBs 101-103 include circuitry, programming, or a combination thereof for beam failure recovery in a wireless communication system.

[0051] although Figure 1 An example of a wireless network is shown, but more can be found on... Figure 1Various modifications can be made. For example, the wireless network can include any number of gNBs and any number of UEs in any suitable arrangement. Furthermore, gNB 101 can communicate directly with any number of UEs and provide these UEs with wireless broadband access to network 130. Similarly, each gNB 102-103 can communicate directly with network 130 and provide UEs with direct wireless broadband access to network 130. Further, gNB 101, gNB 102, and / or gNB 103 can provide access to other or additional external networks, such as external telephone networks or other types of data networks.

[0052] Figure 2 An example gNB 102 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 2 The illustrated embodiment of gNB 102 is for illustrative purposes only, and Figure 1 gNBs 101-103 can have the same or similar configurations. However, gNBs have a wide variety of configurations, and Figure 2 This disclosure is not intended to limit the scope to any particular implementation of gNB.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, gNB 102 includes multiple antennas 205a-205n, multiple RF transceivers 210a-210n, a transmit (TX) processing circuitry system 215, and a receive (RX) processing circuitry system 220. gNB 102 also includes a controller / processor 225, a memory 230, and a backhaul or network interface 235.

[0054] RF transceivers 210a-210n receive incoming RF signals, such as signals transmitted by a UE in network 100, from antennas 205a-205n. RF transceivers 210a-210n down-convert the incoming RF signals to generate an IF signal or a baseband signal. The IF signal or baseband signal is sent to RX processing circuitry 220, which generates a processed baseband signal by filtering, decoding, and / or digitizing the baseband signal or IF signal. RX processing circuitry 220 sends the processed baseband signal to controller / processor 225 for further processing.

[0055] The TX processing circuitry 215 receives analog or digital data (such as voice data, web data, email, or interactive video game data) from the controller / processor 225. The TX processing circuitry 215 encodes, multiplexes, and / or digitizes the outgoing baseband data to generate a processed baseband signal or IF signal. RF transceivers 210a-210n receive the processed baseband or IF signal from the TX processing circuitry 215 and up-convert the baseband or IF signal into an RF signal transmitted via antennas 205a-205n.

[0056] The controller / processor 225 may include one or more processors or other processing devices that control the overall operation of the gNB 102. For example, the controller / processor 225 may control the reception of UL channel signals and the transmission of DL channel signals via RF transceivers 210a-210n, RX processing circuitry 220, and TX processing circuitry 215, based on known principles. The controller / processor 225 may also support additional functions, such as more advanced wireless communication capabilities. For example, the controller / processor 225 may support beamforming or directional routing operations, wherein outgoing signals from multiple antennas 205a-205n and incoming signals to multiple antennas 205a-205n are weighted differently to effectively direct outgoing signals in a desired direction. The controller / processor 225 may support any of a wide variety of other functions within the gNB 102.

[0057] The controller / processor 225 is also capable of running programs and other processes, such as an operating system, that reside in the memory 230. The controller / processor 225 can move data into or out of the memory 230 as needed by the running processes.

[0058] The controller / processor 225 is also coupled to the backhaul or network interface 235. The backhaul or network interface 235 enables the gNB 102 to communicate with other devices or systems via a backhaul connection or over a network. Interface 235 can support communication via any suitable wired or wireless connection. For example, when the gNB 102 is implemented as part of a cellular communication system (such as a cellular communication system supporting 5G / NR, LTE, or LTE-A), interface 235 enables the gNB 102 to communicate with other gNBs via a wired or wireless backhaul connection. When the gNB 102 is implemented as an access point, interface 235 enables the gNB 102 to communicate with a larger network (such as the Internet) via a wired or wireless local area network or via a wired or wireless connection. Interface 235 includes any suitable architecture supporting communication via a wired or wireless connection, such as an Ethernet or RF transceiver.

[0059] The memory 230 is coupled to the controller / processor 225. A portion of the memory 230 may include RAM, and another portion of the memory 230 may include flash memory or other ROM.

[0060] although Figure 2 An example of gNB 102 is shown, but it is possible to compare it with other models. Figure 2 Various changes can be made. For example, gNB 102 can include any number of Figure 2 Each component is shown. As a specific example, an access point may include multiple interfaces 235, and a controller / processor 225 may support beam failure recovery in a wireless communication system. As another specific example, although shown as a single instance including TX processing circuitry system 215 and a single instance including RX processing circuitry system 220, gNB102 may include multiple instances of each (such as one per RF transceiver). Furthermore, Figure 2 The various components can be combined, further subdivided, or omitted, and additional components can be added as needed.

[0061] Figure 3 An example UE 116 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 3 The embodiment of UE 116 shown is for illustrative purposes only, and Figure 1 UEs 111-115 can have the same or similar configurations. However, UEs have a wide variety of configurations, and Figure 3 This disclosure is not intended to limit the scope to any particular implementation of the UE.

[0062] like Figure 3 As shown, UE 116 includes an antenna 305, a radio frequency (RF) transceiver 310, a TX processing circuitry 315, a microphone 320, and an RX processing circuitry 325. UE 116 also includes a speaker 330, a processor 340, an input / output (I / O) interface (IF) 345, a touchscreen 350, a display 355, and memory 360. Memory 360 includes an operating system (OS) 361 and one or more applications 362.

[0063] RF transceiver 310 receives incoming RF signals transmitted by a gNB of network 100 from antenna 305. RF transceiver 310 down-converts the incoming RF signals to generate an intermediate frequency (IF) signal or a baseband signal. The IF signal or baseband signal is sent to RX processing circuitry 325, which generates a processed baseband signal by filtering, decoding, and / or digitizing the baseband signal or IF signal. RX processing circuitry 325 sends the processed baseband signal to speaker 330 (e.g., for voice data) or to processor 340 for further processing (e.g., for web browsing data).

[0064] The TX processing circuitry 315 receives analog or digital voice data from the microphone 320, or other outgoing baseband data (such as web data, email, or interactive video game data) from the processor 340. The TX processing circuitry 315 encodes, multiplexes, and / or digitizes the outgoing baseband data to generate a processed baseband signal or IF signal. The RF transceiver 310 receives the processed outgoing baseband signal or IF signal from the TX processing circuitry 315 and up-converts the baseband signal or IF signal into an RF signal transmitted via the antenna 305.

[0065] Processor 340 may include one or more processors or other processing devices and runs OS 361 stored in memory 360 to control the overall operation of UE 116. For example, processor 340 may control the reception of DL channel signals and the transmission of UL channel signals through RF transceiver 310, RX processing circuitry 325 and TX processing circuitry 315 according to known principles. In some embodiments, processor 340 includes at least one microprocessor or microcontroller.

[0066] Processor 340 is also capable of running other processes and programs residing in memory 360, such as processes for beam failure recovery in wireless communication systems. Processor 340 can move data into or out of memory 360 as needed by running processes. In some embodiments, processor 340 is configured to run application 362 based on OS 361 or in response to signals received from a gNB or operator. Processor 340 is also coupled to I / O interface 345, which provides UE 116 with the ability to connect to other devices such as laptop computers and handheld computers. I / O interface 345 is the communication path between these accessories and processor 340.

[0067] The processor 340 is also coupled to the touchscreen 350 and the display 355. The operator of the UE 116 can use the touchscreen 350 to send data into the UE 116. The display 355 may be a liquid crystal display, a light-emitting diode display, or other display capable of rendering text and / or at least limited graphics from a website.

[0068] The memory 360 is coupled to the processor 340. A portion of the memory 360 may include random access memory (RAM), and another portion of the memory 360 may include flash memory or other read-only memory (ROM).

[0069] although Figure 3 An example of UE 116 is shown, but it is possible to modify it. Figure 3 Make various changes. For example, Figure 3 The various components can be combined, further subdivided, or omitted, and additional components can be added as needed. As a specific example, processor 340 can be divided into multiple processors, such as one or more central processing units (CPUs) and one or more graphics processing units (GPUs). Moreover, although... Figure 3 The UE116 is shown configured as a mobile phone or smartphone, but the UE can be configured to operate as other types of mobile or fixed devices.

[0070] Figure 4 and Figure 5 Example wireless transmit and receive paths according to this disclosure are shown. In the following description, transmit path 400 may be described as being implemented in a gNB (such as gNB 102), while receive path 500 may be described as being implemented in a UE (such as UE 116). However, it is understood that receive path 500 may be implemented in a gNB, while transmit path 400 may be implemented in a UE. In some embodiments, receive path 500 is configured to support codebook designs and structures for systems with 2D antenna arrays as described in embodiments of this disclosure.

[0071] like Figure 4 The transmission path 400 shown includes a channel coding and modulation block 405, a serial-to-parallel (S to P) block 410, an N-size inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) block 415, a parallel-to-serial (P to S) block 420, a cyclic prefix addition block 425, and an up-converter (UC) 430. Figure 5 The receiver path 500 shown includes a downconverter (DC) 555, a cyclic prefix removal block 560, a serial-to-parallel (S to P) block 565, a fast Fourier transform (FFT) block of size N 570, a parallel-to-serial (P to S) block 575, and a channel decoding and demodulation block 580.

[0072] like Figure 4 As shown, the channel coding and modulation block 405 receives a set of information bits, applies coding (such as low-density parity-check (LDPC) coding), and modulates the input bits (such as using quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)) to generate a sequence of frequency domain modulated symbols.

[0073] Serial-to-parallel block 410 converts (e.g., demultiplexes) serial modulation symbols into parallel data to generate N parallel symbol streams, where N is the IFFT / FFT size used in gNB 102 and UE 116. IFFT block 415 of size N performs IFFT operations on the N parallel symbol streams to generate a time-domain output signal. Parallel-to-serial block 420 converts (e.g., multiplexes) the parallel time-domain output symbols from IFFT block 415 of size N to generate a serial time-domain signal. Cyclic prefix addition block 425 inserts a cyclic prefix into the time-domain signal. Upconverter 430 modulates (e.g., upconverts) the output of cyclic prefix addition block 425 to an RF frequency for transmission via a wireless channel. The signal may also be filtered at baseband before conversion to the RF frequency.

[0074] The RF signal transmitted from gNB 102 reaches UE 116 after passing through the wireless channel, and UE 116 performs the opposite operation to that at gNB 102.

[0075] like Figure 5 As shown, downconverter 555 downconverts the received signal to the baseband frequency, and cyclic prefix removal block 560 removes the cyclic prefix to generate a serial time-domain baseband signal. Serial-to-parallel block 565 converts the time-domain baseband signal into a parallel time-domain signal. FFT block 570 of size N performs an FFT algorithm to generate N parallel frequency-domain signals. Parallel-to-serial block 575 converts the parallel frequency-domain signals into a sequence of modulated data symbols. Channel decoding and demodulation block 580 demodulates and decodes the modulated symbols to recover the original input data stream.

[0076] Each of gNB 101-103 can be implemented as follows Figure 4 The illustrated transmission path 400 is similar to that used in the downlink to transmit to UE 111-116, and can be implemented as follows: Figure 5 The illustrated receive path 500 is similar to that used for receiving from UEs 111-116 in the uplink. Similarly, each of UEs 111-116 may implement a transmit path 400 for transmitting to gNBs 101-103 in the uplink, and may implement a receive path 500 for receiving from gNBs 101-103 in the downlink.

[0077] Figure 4 and Figure 5 Each component can be implemented using only hardware or a combination of hardware and software / firmware. As a specific example, Figure 4 and Figure 5 At least some components can be implemented in software; however, other components can be implemented in configurable hardware or a combination of software and configurable hardware. For example, FFT block 570 and IFFT block 515 can be implemented as configurable software algorithms, where the value of size N can be modified depending on the implementation method.

[0078] Furthermore, although described as using FFT and IFFT, this is for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. Other types of transforms, such as the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) functions, can be used. It will be understood that for DFT and IDFT functions, the value of variable N can be any integer (such as 1, 2, 3, 4, etc.), while for FFT and IFFT functions, the value of variable N can be any integer that is a power of 2 (such as 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, etc.).

[0079] although Figure 4 and Figure 5 Examples of wireless transmit and receive paths are shown, but more can be found on other devices. Figure 4 and Figure 5 Make various changes. For example, Figure 4 and Figure 5 The various components can be combined, further subdivided, or omitted, and additional components can be added as needed. Furthermore, Figure 4 and Figure 5 This is intended to illustrate examples of the types of transmit and receive paths that can be used in a wireless network. Any other suitable architecture can be used to support wireless communication in a wireless network.

[0080] The unit used for DL ​​signaling or UL signaling on a cell is called a time slot, and it may include one or more symbols. A bandwidth (BW) unit is called a resource block (RB). An RB comprises multiple subcarriers (SCs). For example, a time slot may have a duration of 1 millisecond, and an RB may have a bandwidth of 180 kHz and include 12 SCs with an inter-SC spacing of 15 kHz. A time slot may be a full DL time slot, a full UL time slot, or a hybrid time slot similar to a special subframe in a Time Division Duplex (TDD) system.

[0081] DL signals include data signals conveying information content, control signals conveying DL control information (DCI), and reference signals (RS), also known as pilot signals. The gNB transmits data information or DCI via the corresponding Physical DL Shared Channel (PDSCH) or Physical DL Control Channel (PDCCH). PDSCH or PDCCH can be transmitted over a variable number of time slot symbols, including one time slot symbol. Spatial settings for PDCCH reception can be indicated to the UE based on the value of the Transmission Configuration Indication Status (TCI status) of the Control Resource Set (CORESET) for PDCCH reception. Spatial settings for PDSCH reception can also be indicated to the UE based on the DCI format received via higher-level configuration or by scheduling the TCI status value. The gNB can configure the UE to receive signals on a cell within the DL Bandwidth Part (BWP) of the cell's DL BW.

[0082] The gNB transmits one or more types of RS, including Channel State Information RS (CSI-RS) and Demodulation RS (DMRS). CSI-RS is primarily intended for the UE to perform measurements and provide Channel State Information (CSI) to the gNB. For channel measurements, Non-Zero Power CSI-RS (NZP CSI-RS) resources are used. For Interference Measurement Reporting (IMR), CSI Interference Measurement (CSI-IM) resources associated with Zero Power CSI-RS (ZP CSI-RS) configuration are used. The CSI process consists of NZP CSI-RS and CSI-IM resources. The UE can determine CSI-RS transmission parameters via DL control signaling or higher-level signaling (such as RRC signaling from the gNB). The transmission instance of CSI-RS can be indicated via DL control signaling or configured via higher-level signaling. DMRS is transmitted only in the BW of the corresponding PDCCH or PDSCH, and the UE can use DMRS to demodulate data or control information.

[0083] UL signals also include data signals conveying information content, control signals conveying UL control information (UCI), DMRS associated with data or UCI demodulation, probe RS (SRS) enabling the gNB to perform UL channel measurements, and a random access (RA) preamble enabling the UE to perform random access. The UE transmits data information or UCI via the corresponding Physical UL Shared Channel (PUSCH) or Physical UL Control Channel (PUCCH). The PUSCH or PUCCH can be transmitted over a variable number of time slot symbols, including one time slot symbol. The gNB can configure the UE to transmit signals on a cell within the UL BWP of the cell UL BW.

[0084] UCI includes a Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request Acknowledgment (HARQ-ACK) message indicating whether a data transport block (TB) in the PDSCH has been correctly or incorrectly detected, a Schedule Request (SR) indicating whether the UE has data in its buffer, and a CSI report enabling the gNB to select appropriate parameters for PDSCH or PDCCH transmissions to the UE. The HARQ-ACK message can be configured to have a smaller granularity than per TB and can be per data code block (CB) or per group of data CBs, where a data TB comprises multiple data CBs.

[0085] The CSI report from the UE may include a Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) informing the gNB of the maximum modulation and coding scheme (MCS) used by the UE to detect data TBs with a predetermined block error rate (BLER) (such as 10% BLER), a Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI) informing the gNB how signals from multiple transmitter antennas are combined according to the Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) transmission principle, and a Rank Indicator (RI) indicating the transmission rank of the PDSCH. UL RS includes DMRS and SRS. DMRS is transmitted only in the BW of the corresponding PUSCH or PUCCH transmission. The gNB can use DMRS to demodulate information in the corresponding PUSCH or PUCCH. SRS is transmitted by the UE to provide UL CSI to the gNB, and for TDD systems, SRS transmissions may also provide PMI for DL ​​transmissions. Additionally, the UE may transmit a Physical Random Access Channel (PRAN) to establish synchronization or initiate a higher-layer connection with the gNB.

[0086] In this disclosure, the beam is determined by either: (1) a TCI state that establishes a quasi-co-located (QCL) relationship between a source reference signal (e.g., SSB and / or CSI-RS) and a target reference signal; or (2) spatial relationship information that establishes an association with a source reference signal such as an SSB, CSI-RS, or SRS. In either case, the ID of the source reference signal identifies the beam.

[0087] The TCI status and / or spatial relationship reference RS can determine the spatial Rx filter used to receive downlink channels at the UE or the spatial Tx filter used to transmit uplink channels from the UE.

[0088] Figure 6a An example wireless system beam 600 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 6a The embodiment of the wireless system beam 600 shown is for illustrative purposes only.

[0089] like Figure 6aAs shown, in a wireless system, for device 604, beam 601 can be characterized by beam direction 602 and beamwidth 603. For example, device 604 with a transmitter transmits radio frequency (RF) energy in the beam direction and within the beamwidth. Device 604 with a receiver receives RF energy coming toward the device in the beam direction and within the beamwidth. Figure 6a As shown, the device at point A605 can receive from and send to device 604 because point A is within the beamwidth of the beam traveling along the beam direction and from device 604.

[0090] like Figure 6a As shown, the device at point B 606 cannot receive from or transmit to device 604 because point B is outside the beamwidth of the beam traveling along the beam direction and originating from device 604. Although for illustrative purposes, Figure 6a A two-dimensional (2D) beam is shown, but it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the beam can be a three-dimensional (3D) beam, wherein the beam direction and beamwidth are defined in space.

[0091] Figure 6b An example multi-beam operation 650 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 6b The embodiment of the multi-beam operation 650 shown is for illustrative purposes only.

[0092] In wireless systems, devices can transmit and / or receive on multiple beams. This is known as "multi-beam operation" and is illustrated in [the diagram / illustration]. Figure 6b In the middle. Although for illustrative purposes, Figure 6b It is 2D, but it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the beam can be 3D, wherein the beam can be sent in any direction in space or received from any direction in space.

[0093] Rel.14LTE and Rel.15NR support up to 32 CSI-RS antenna ports, allowing eNBs to be equipped with a large number of antenna elements (such as 64 or 128). In this case, multiple antenna elements are mapped to a single CSI-RS port. For the mmWave band, although the number of antenna elements can be larger for a given form factor, the number of CSI-RS ports—which can correspond to the number of digital precoding ports—is often limited due to hardware constraints (such as the feasibility of installing a large number of ADCs / DACs at mmWave frequencies). Figure 7 As shown.

[0094] Figure 7 An example antenna structure 700 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 7The embodiment of the antenna structure 700 shown is for illustrative purposes only.

[0095] In this configuration, a CSI-RS port is mapped to a large number of antenna elements that can be controlled by a set of analog phase shifters 701. A CSI-RS port can then correspond to a subarray that generates a narrow analog beam via analog beamforming 705. This analog beam can be configured to sweep a wider range of angles 720 by changing the set of phase shifters across symbols or subframes. The number of subarrays (equal to the number of RF chains) is the same as the number of CSI-RS ports (NCSI-PORTs). Digital beamforming units 710 perform linear combination across the NCSI-PORT analog beams to further enhance precoding gain. While the analog beams are wideband (and therefore not frequency-selective), digital precoding can vary across frequency subbands or resource blocks. Receiver operation can be envisioned similarly.

[0096] Because the aforementioned system utilizes multiple analog beams for transmission and reception (where, for example, after a training period, one or a few analog beams are selected from a large number of analog beams—this will be performed from time to time), the term "multi-beam operation" is used to refer to the entire system aspect. For illustrative purposes, this includes indicating the assigned DL or UL TX beam (also referred to as "beam indication"), measuring at least one reference signal for calculating and executing beam reports (referred to as "beam measurement" and "beam report," respectively), and receiving DL or UL transmissions via selection of the corresponding RX beam.

[0097] The aforementioned system is also applicable to higher frequency bands such as >52.6 GHz. In this case, the system can use only analog beams. Due to O2 absorption loss near 60 GHz (an additional loss of ~10 dB at a distance of 100 m), a larger number and sharper analog beams (and therefore a larger number of radiators in the array) may be needed to compensate for the additional path loss.

[0098] In wireless communication systems, a radio link failure (RLF) may occur if a significant / sudden degradation in link quality is observed at the UE side. If an RLF occurs, a fast RLF recovery mechanism becomes crucial for rapidly re-establishing (one or more) communication links and avoiding severe service interruptions. At higher frequencies (e.g., millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies or FR2 in 3GPP NR), both transmitters and receivers can use directional (analog) beams to send and receive data / control signals. Therefore, before declaring a full RLF, the UE can detect and recover from potential beam failures if the signal quality / strength of certain beamp-pair links (BPLs) falls below a specific threshold for a given time period.

[0099] Figure 8a An example of beam failure 800 in the primary cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 8a The example of beam failure 800 in the main cell shown is for illustrative purposes only.

[0100] The 3GPP Rel.15 Beam Failure Recovery (BFR) procedure primarily targets the primary cell (PCell or SpCell) within the Carrier Aggregation (CA) framework, such as... Figure 8a As shown. The BFR procedure in 3GPP Rel.15 also includes... Figure 8b The following key components are described in the diagram: (1) Beam Failure Detection (BFD); (2) New Beam Identification (NBI); (3) BFR Request (BFRQ); and (4) BFRQ Response (BFRR).

[0101] Figure 8b The signaling flow for primary cell beam failure recovery 850 of the UE and gNB according to an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated. The signaling flow for primary cell beam failure recovery 850 of the UE and gNB can be generated by the UE (e.g., as...) Figure 1 As shown in 111-116) and BS (e.g., as shown in 111-116) Figure 1 Execute steps 101-103 shown. Figure 8b The example of the signaling flow for primary cell beam failure recovery 850 shown for UE and gNB is for illustrative purposes only. Figure 8b One or more components shown may be implemented in a dedicated circuit system configured to perform the indicated function, or one or more components may be implemented by one or more processors that execute instructions to perform the indicated function.

[0102] If possible Figure 8b As observed, the UE first has the gNB configure a BFD RS resource set to monitor the link quality between the gNB and the UE. For example, a BFD RS resource can correspond to a (periodic) CSI-RS / SSB resource configured as a QCL-type D (spatial quasi-co-located) RS in the TCI state of the control resource set (CORESET). If the received signal quality of all BFD RS resources is below a given threshold (implying that the assumed BLER of the corresponding CORESET / PDCCH is above the given threshold), the UE can declare a beam failure instance (BFI). If the UE has declared a predefined number of consecutive BFIs within a given time period, the UE can declare a beam failure.

[0103] After declaring / detecting a beam failure, the UE can send a BFRQ to the gNB via a contention-free (CF) PRACH (CF BFR-PRACH) resource, the index of which is associated with a new beam identified by the UE. Specifically, to determine potential new beams, the UE can first have a set of SSB and / or CSI-RS resources (NBI RS resources) configured by the network, for example, via a higher-layer parameter candidateBeamRSList. The UE can then measure the NBI RSs and calculate their corresponding beam metrics, such as L1-RSRP. If at least one of the measured L1-RSRPs of the NBI RSs exceeds a given threshold, the UE can select the beam corresponding to the NBI RS with the highest L1-RSRP as the new beam.

[0104] To determine the CF BFR-PRACH resource used to carry the BFRQ, the UE can first have a set of PRACH resources configured by the network, with each PRACH resource associated with / corresponding to an NBI RS resource. The UE can then select the PRACH resource with a one-to-one correspondence to the selected NBI RS resource (new beam) to send the BFRQ to the gNB. Based on the index of the selected CF PRACH resource, the gNB can determine which beam the UE has selected as the new beam.

[0105] Four time slots after the UE has sent the BFRQ, the UE can begin monitoring the dedicated CORESET / search space for the BFRQ response. The dedicated CORESET is addressed to the UE-specific C-RNTI and can be transmitted by the gNB using the newly identified beam. If the UE detects a valid UE-specific DCI in the dedicated CORESET for BFRR, the UE can assume the network has successfully received the beam failure recovery request, and the UE can complete the BFR process. Otherwise, if the UE does not receive the BFRR within the configured time window, the UE can initiate a contention-based (CB) random access (RA) process to reconnect to the network.

[0106] Figure 9a An example of beam failure 900 in a secondary cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 9a The illustrated example of beam failure 900 in the secondary cell is for illustrative purposes only.

[0107] In 3GPP Rel.16, a BFR procedure is customized for secondary cells (SCells) under the CA framework, which assumes that one or more BPLs between the PCell and the UE are always active. Figure 9a An illustrative example of SCell beam failure is given in [the document / reference]. Figure 9bThe document presents the key components of the Rel.16SCell BFR. From... Figure 9b It is evident that the Rel.15 and Rel.16 BFR procedures have similar BFD designs prior to sending the BFRQ.

[0108] Figure 9b The signaling flow for secondary cell beam failure recovery 950 of the UE and gNB according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. The signaling flow for secondary cell beam failure recovery 950 of the UE and gNB can be generated by the UE (e.g., as...) Figure 1 As shown in 111-116) and BS (e.g., as shown in 111-116) Figure 1 Execute steps 101-103 shown. Figure 9b The example of signaling flow for secondary cell beam failure recovery 950 shown for UE and gNB is for illustrative purposes only. Figure 9b One or more components shown may be implemented in a dedicated circuit system configured to perform the indicated function, or one or more components may be implemented by one or more processors that execute instructions to perform the indicated function.

[0109] After declaring / detecting a beam failure in an SCell, the UE can send a BFRQ as a scheduling request (SR) to the working PCell via PUCCH (or PUCCH-SR). Furthermore, the UE can send only the BFRQ at this stage without any new beam index, failed SCell index, or other information. This differs from the Rel.15 procedure where the UE can simultaneously indicate both a BFRQ and a new beam index to the network. This allows the gNB to quickly determine the beam failure condition of an SCell without waiting for the UE to identify a new beam. For example, the gNB can deactivate the failed SCell and allocate resources to other working SCells.

[0110] The network can indicate uplink clearance to the UE in response to the BFRQ PUCCH-SR. It can allocate the necessary resources for the MAC CE to carry new beam indices (if identified), failed SCell indices, etc., for the working PCcell via PUSCH. After sending the MAC CE for BFR to the working Pcell, the UE can begin monitoring BFRR. BFRR can be a TCI status indication for the corresponding SCell's CORESET. BFRR for the MAC CE for BFR can also be a normal uplink clearance for scheduling new transmissions for the same HARQ process as the PUSCH carrying the MAC CE for BFR.

[0111] If the UE fails to receive the BFRR within the pre-configured time window, it can resend the BFR-PUCCH or fall back to the CBRA. The BFR procedure described above for PCell and SCell may not be well-suited for multi-TRP systems, where multiple TRPs may be geographically non-co-located. In a multi-TRP system, a TRP can represent a collection of measurement antenna ports, measurement RS resources, and / or control resource sets (CORESET).

[0112] For example, a TRP may be associated with one or more of the following: (1) multiple CSI-RS resources; (2) multiple CRIs (CSI-RS resource indices / indicators); (3) measurement RS resource sets, such as CSI-RS resource sets and their indicators; (4) multiple CORESETs associated with CORESETPoolIndex; or (5) multiple CORESETs associated with a specific index / indicator / identifier of the TRP.

[0113] In this disclosure, one or more non-serving cells or one or more non-serving cell TRPs may have a Physical Cell ID (PCI) and / or other higher-level signaling index values ​​(i.e., serving cell PCI) different from those of the serving cell or serving cell TRP. In one example, the serving cell or serving cell TRP may be associated with a serving cell ID (SCI) and / or serving cell PCI. That is, for inter-cell operations considered in this disclosure, different cells / TRPs may broadcast different PCIs, and / or one or more cells / TRPs (referred to in this disclosure or defined as non-serving cell / TRPs) may broadcast PCIs different from those of the serving cell / TRF (i.e., serving cell PCI), and / or one or more cells / TRPs may not be associated with a valid SCI (e.g., provided by the higher-level parameter ServCellIndex).

[0114] In this disclosure, a non-serving cell PCI may also be referred to as an additional PCI, another PCI, or a different PCI (relative to the serving cell PCI).

[0115] Figure 10 An example of beam failure in a multi-TRP system 1000 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 10 The illustrated embodiment of beam failure in the multi-TRP system 1000 is for illustrative purposes only.

[0116] like Figure 10 The diagram illustrates a conceptual example of BPL failure in a multi-TRP system. For instance, it can be seen from... Figure 10As seen, two TRPs (TRP-1 and TRP-2) are simultaneously / jointly performing DL transmissions to the UE in a coherent or incoherent manner. Because the two TRPs are not physically co-located, their channel conditions between the UEs may differ significantly. For example, a coordinating TRP (e.g., Figure 10 The BPL between TRP-2 and the UE may fail due to blocking; however, another coordinating TRP (e.g., Figure 10 The BPL between TRP-1 and UE can still work.

[0117] However, according to the BFR procedure defined in 3GPP Rel.15 and Rel.16, a UE can only trigger or initiate a BFR if the received signal quality of all configured BFD RSs drops below a threshold within a specific time period. Therefore, a customized BFR procedure (TRP-specific BFR and / or partial BFR) is needed for multi-TRP systems. For example, a UE can initiate or trigger a BFR when the received signal quality of the BFD RS associated with / corresponding to at least one TRP drops below a threshold within a given time period.

[0118] In a multi-TRP system, the same PDCCH / DCI corresponding to a single CORESET (e.g., a single value with CORESET ID and / or CORESETPoolIndex) can be transmitted (simultaneously) from different coordinating TRPs to improve the robustness of control channel transmission / reception. For a single-frequency network (SFN), more than one TCI state (beam) can be activated for a CORESET, and each active TCI state of the CORESET can correspond to a TRP in the multi-TRP system. In this setup, if one or more beams associated with a CORESET fail, the BFD RS configuration, NBI RS configuration, beam failure declaration criteria, BFRQ transmission, etc., need to be specified.

[0119] This disclosure provides various design aspects / enhancements for the BFR procedure in a multi-TRP system, wherein the same PDCCH / DCI corresponding to the same CORESET (e.g., having a single value with CORESET ID and / or CORESETPoolIndex) is transmitted from different TRPs. Detailed configuration / indication methods for BFD RS and NBI RS, the corresponding beam failure declaration standards, and BFRQ transmission are discussed.

[0120] Repeatedly transmitting the same downlink control information (i.e., PDCCH / DCI repetition) can improve the reliability / robustness of the downlink control channel. This, in turn, can enhance downlink coverage. PDCCH / DCI repetition can be implemented in the time domain, frequency domain, code domain, and / or spatial domain. In a multi-TRP system comprising multiple physically / geographically non-co-located TPRs, more than one TCI state (or equivalently, more than one transmit beam or spatial domain transmission filter) can be activated for a single CORESET (e.g., a single value with CORESET ID and / or CORESETPoolIndex).

[0121] Figure 11 An example of a control resource set including two TCI states 1100 is shown according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 11 The embodiment shown, which includes two TCI states 1100, is for illustrative purposes only.

[0122] exist Figure 11 The document presents a conceptual example of spatial domain PDCCH repetition in a multi-TRP system comprising two TRPs (TRP-1 and TRP-2). For example... Figure 11 As shown, CORESET#X activates two TCI states, represented by TCI state #1 and TCI state #2. The same DCI payload ( Figure 11 The PDCCH-X shown is transmitted to the UE from TRP-1 and TRP-2 (simultaneously) via two transmit beams / spatial domain transmission filters indicated under TCI states #2 and #1, respectively, which are activated for CORESET#X. For example, if the transmit beam from TRP-2 (indicated under TCI state #1) is blocked, the UE can initiate / trigger a (TRP-specific) BFR procedure for TRP-2 and attempt to restart receiving PDCCH-X from TRP-2 via a new transmit beam (if identified).

[0123] In one embodiment, a BFD RS configuration for spatial domain PDCCH repetition in a multi-TRP system is provided.

[0124] In the active TCI state of CORESET, the QCL-typeD (spatial QCL) source RS can be configured as a BFD RS. For spatial domain PDCCH repetition in multi-TRP systems (in... Figure 11As described in the text, since more than one (N_tci>1) TCI state can be activated for CORESET, there are various ways to determine / configure the associated BFD RSs, which form a BFD RS beam set. Let q0 represent the BFD RS beam set, and N_q0≥1 represent the total number of BFD RSs in q0.

[0125] In one embodiment of configuration-1, the BFD RS beamset q0 contains only one BFD RS, i.e., N_q0 = 1. The BFD RS corresponds to a QCL-typeD source RS under one active TCI state of CORESET (from a total of N_tci > 1 TCI states activated for CORESET). The network can indicate to the UE which TCI state the BFD RS is associated with from a total of N_tci TCI states activated for CORESET (i.e., the QCL-typeD source RS indicated under the TCI state is a BFD RS); this indication can be via higher layer (RRC) and / or MAC CE and / or DCI-based signaling and / or any combination of at least two of RRC, MAC CE, and DCI-based signaling; this indication can be via a single (dedicated) parameter or a combination of another parameter.

[0126] In one example (Example-1.1), the network may, for example, indicate to the UE, via higher-layer RRC signaling and / or dynamic DCI signaling, a TCI state-specific ID / index and / or TRP-specific ID / index associated with the selected active TCI state of the CORESET. For example, the network may indicate to the UE the TCI state ID of the selected active TCI state of the CORESET, such as the value of the higher-layer parameter tci-StateId.

[0127] For example, according to U.S. Patent Application 17 / 581,714, filed January 21, 2022, which is incorporated herein by reference, one or more TCI states can be grouped into TCI state groups, wherein different TCI state groups have different / mutually exclusive TCI states; each TCI state group can be associated with a TCI state group ID, and the TCI state group ID can be indicated in the higher-layer parameter TCI-State; thus, in this case, the network can indicate to the UE the TCI state group ID of the selected active TCI state of CORESET. However, the network can also indicate to the UE the PCI value and / or other TRP-specific higher-layer signaling index value associated with the selected active TCI state of CORESET; the PCI value and / or other TRP-specific higher-layer signaling index value can be indicated in the higher-layer parameter TCI-State.

[0128] In another example (Example-1.2), the network can (e.g., via higher-level RRC signaling) first configure a list of TCI state-specific IDs / indexes and / or a list of TRP-specific IDs / indexes to the higher layer of the UE. The UE can then receive a MACCE command from the network to activate one TCI state-specific ID / index from the list of TCI state-specific IDs / indexes and / or one TRP-specific ID / index from the list of TRP-specific IDs / indexes. The activated TCI state-specific ID / index and / or the activated TRP-specific ID / index can indicate which active TCI state of CORESET is associated with the BFD RS.

[0129] For example, the network can first configure a list of TCI state IDs to a higher layer of the UE; the UE can then receive a MAC CE command from the network to activate a TCI state ID from the list of TCI state IDs; the activated TCI state ID can indicate which active TCI state of the CORESET is associated with the BFD RS. Similarly, the network can first configure a list of TCI state group IDs to a higher layer of the UE; the UE can then receive a MAC CE command from the network to activate a TCI state group ID from the list of TCI state group IDs; the activated TCI state group ID can indicate which active TCI state of the CORESET is associated with the BFD RS.

[0130] However, in another example, the network can first configure a list of PCI values / other TRP-specific higher-level signaling index values ​​to the UE at a higher level; the UE can then receive a MAC CE command from the network to activate one PCI value / TRP-specific higher-level signaling index value from the list of PCI values / other TRP-specific higher-level signaling index values; the activated PCI value / TRP-specific higher-level signaling index value can indicate which active TCI state of CORESET is associated with the BFD RS.

[0131] In yet another example (Example-1.3), the UE may receive a bitmap from the network, where each entry / bit in the bitmap corresponds to a TCI state-specific ID / index and / or a TRP-specific ID / index. For example, the UE may receive a bitmap from the network where each entry / bit in the bitmap corresponds to a TCI state ID; if a bit in the bitmap is set to "1", the corresponding TCI state ID and therefore the associated active TCI state of the BFD RS and its associated CORESET are selected / indicated.

[0132] For example, the UE can receive a bitmap from the network, where each entry / bit in the bitmap corresponds to a TCI state group ID; if a bit in the bitmap is set to "1", the corresponding TCI state group ID and therefore the associated active TCI state of the BFD RS and its associated CORESET are selected / indicated. As another example, the UE can receive a bitmap from the network, where each entry / bit in the bitmap corresponds to a PCI value / TRP-specific higher-layer signaling index value; if a bit in the bitmap is set to "1", the corresponding PCI value / TRP-specific higher-layer signaling index value and therefore the associated active TCI state of the BFD RS and its associated CORESET are selected / indicated.

[0133] In one embodiment of Configuration-2, the BFD RS beamset q0 contains more than one BFD RS, i.e., N_q0>1. The BFD RS corresponds to a QCL-typeD source RS under more than one active TCI state of CORESET (from a total of N_tci>1 TCI states activated for CORESET). The network can indicate to the UE which TCI state the BFD RS is associated with from the total N_tci TCI states activated for CORESET (i.e., the QCL-typeD source RS indicated under the TCI state is a BFD RS); this indication can be via higher-layer (RRC) and / or MAC CE and / or DCI-based signaling and / or any combination of at least two of RRC, MAC CE, and DCI-based signaling; this indication can be via a single (dedicated) parameter or a combination of another parameter.

[0134] In one example (Example-1.4), the network may, for example, indicate to the UE, via higher-layer RRC signaling and / or dynamic DCI signaling, a TCI state-specific ID / index and / or TRP-specific ID / index associated with the selected active TCI state of the CORESET. For instance, the network may indicate to the UE the TCI state ID of the selected active TCI state of the CORESET, such as the value of tci-StateId. However, the network may also indicate to the UE the TCI state group ID of the selected active TCI state of the CORESET. Furthermore, the network may indicate to the UE the PCI value and / or other TRP-specific higher-layer signaling index value associated with the selected active TCI state of the CORESET; the PCI value and / or other TRP-specific higher-layer signaling index value may be indicated in the higher-layer parameter TCI-State.

[0135] In another example (Example-1.5), the network can (e.g., via higher-layer RRC signaling) first configure a list of TCI state-specific IDs / indexes and / or a list of TRP-specific IDs / indexes to the UE. The UE can then receive a MAC CE command from the network to activate multiple (more than one) TCI state-specific IDs / indexes from the list of TCI state-specific IDs / indexes and / or multiple (more than one) TRP-specific IDs / indexes from the list of TRP-specific IDs / indexes. The activated TCI state-specific IDs / indexes and / or activated TRP-specific IDs / indexes can indicate which active TCI state of CORESET is associated with the BFD RS.

[0136] For example, the network can first configure a list of TCI state IDs to a higher layer of the UE; the UE can then receive a MAC CE command from the network to activate multiple TCI state IDs from the list of TCI state IDs; the activated TCI state IDs can indicate which active TCI state of the CORESET is associated with the BFD RS. Similarly, the network can first configure a list of TCI state group IDs to a higher layer of the UE; the UE can then receive a MAC CE command from the network to activate multiple TCI state group IDs from the list of TCI state group IDs; the activated TCI state group IDs can indicate which active TCI state of the CORESET is associated with the BFD RS.

[0137] However, in another example, the network can first configure a list of PCI values / other TRP-specific higher-level signaling index values ​​to the UE at a higher level; the UE can then receive a MAC CE command from the network to activate multiple PCI values / TRP-specific higher-level signaling index values ​​from the list of PCI values / other TRP-specific higher-level signaling index values; the activated PCI values / TRP-specific higher-level signaling index values ​​can indicate which active TCI state of CORESET is associated with the BFD RS.

[0138] In yet another example (Example-1.6), the UE may receive a bitmap from the network, where each entry / bit in the bitmap corresponds to a TCI state-specific ID / index and / or a TRP-specific ID / index. For example, the UE may receive a bitmap from the network where each entry / bit in the bitmap corresponds to a TCI state ID; if a bit in the bitmap is set to "1", the corresponding TCI state ID and therefore the associated active TCI state of the BFD RS and its associated CORESET are selected / indicated; the bitmap contains more than one entry / bit set to "1".

[0139] For example, a UE can receive a bitmap from the network, where each entry / bit in the bitmap corresponds to a TCI state group ID; if a bit in the bitmap is set to "1", the corresponding TCI state group ID and therefore the associated active TCI state of the BFD RS and its associated CORESET are selected / indicated; the bitmap contains more than one entry / bit set to "1". As another example, a UE can receive a bitmap from the network, where each entry / bit in the bitmap corresponds to a PCI value / TRP-specific higher-layer signaling index value; if a bit in the bitmap is set to "1", the corresponding PCI value / TRP-specific higher-layer signaling index value and therefore the associated active TCI state of the BFD RS and its associated CORESET are selected / indicated; the bitmap contains more than one entry / bit set to "1".

[0140] Figure 12 An example of a BFD RS set 1200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The BFD RS set 1200 includes RS indices in an RS set associated with two TCI states associated with CORESET. The embodiment of the BFD RS set 1200 is for illustrative purposes only and includes... Figure 12 The RS index shown is associated with the two TCI states related to CORESET in the RS set.

[0141] In one embodiment of configuration-3, the BFD RS beamset q0 contains more than one BFD RS, i.e., N_q0>1. The BFD RSs correspond to the QCL-type D source RSs for all N_tci>1 active TCI states of the CORESET. For example, consider N_tci=2 active TCI states of the CORESET (represented by TCI state #A and TCI state #B), each active TCI state indicating a QCL-type D source RS. Therefore, as... Figure 12 As shown, the BFD RS beamset q0 can contain N_q0 = 2 BFD RSs corresponding to the QCL-type D source RSs indicated under TCI state #1 and TCI state #B. That is, if the UE receives or detects one or more PDCCH candidates with CORESET corresponding to both TCI states (e.g., ...), Figure 10 If TCI states #A and #B are associated, then the BFD RS beam set q0 will include / contain / incorporate the (QCL-typeD) source RS index in the RS set that indicates / associates with the two TCI states.

[0142] The network can instruct the UE which configuration(s) (configuration-1, configuration-2 and / or configuration-3 in this disclosure) to follow to determine / configure (one or more) BFD RS for spatial domain PDCCH repetition in a multi-TRP system; the instruction can be via higher layer (RRC) and / or MAC CE and / or DCI-based signaling and / or any combination of at least two of RRC, MAC CE and DCI-based signaling; the instruction can be via a single (dedicated) parameter or in combination with another parameter.

[0143] For example, the UE may receive a two-bit indicator from the network via higher-layer RRC signaling, indicating one of the configurations (i.e., configuration-1, configuration-2, and configuration-3 in this disclosure). Alternatively, the UE may autonomously determine which configuration(s) (configuration-1, configuration-2, and / or configuration-3 in this disclosure) to follow to determine / configure (one or more) BFD RS for spatial domain PDCCH repetition in a multi-TRP system. The UE may need to indicate its selection / preference for (one or more) configurations to the network.

[0144] In this disclosure, a first list / set / pool of up to N_tot_tci (e.g., N_tot_tci = 128) TCI states or TCI state IDs can be provided to the UE in the PDSCH-Config, wherein each TCI state in the first list / set / pool (or the TCI state corresponding to each TCI state ID) can be provided through DLorJointTCIState or UL-TCIState configuration. Each TCI state among the N_tot_tci TCI states may contain / include / indicate one or more reference signals (RS) or RS indices, which are used for quasi-co-addressing of the DM-RS of the PDSCH and the DM-RS and CSI-RS of the PDCCH, and provide a reference for determining the UL transmit spatial filter for PUSCH and PUCCH resources and SRS based on dynamic licensing and configuration licensing.

[0145] Furthermore, one or more of the RS or RS indexes indicated / included / contained in the N_tot_tci TCI states can be used to configure (one or more) BFD RS or (one or more) NBI RS. For example, the network can configure / provide to the UE a second list / set / pool of N_tot_rs (e.g., 1≤N_tot_rs≤N_tot_tci) TCI states or TCI state IDs, wherein each TCI state in the second list / set / pool (or the TCI state corresponding to each TCI state ID) can be provided through DLorJointTCIState or UL-TCIState configuration and can be mapped to the TCI states or TCI state IDs in the first list / set / pool.

[0146] In one example (Example-1.A), the second list / set / pool of TCI states / TCI state IDs corresponds to or is the same as the first list / set / pool of TCI states / TCI state IDs. In this case, N_tot_rs = N_tot_tci.

[0147] In another example (Example-1.B), the mapping between N_tot_rs TCI states / TCI state IDs in the second list / set / pool of N_tot_rs TCI states / TCI state IDs and one or more (e.g., N_tot_rs) TCI states / TCI state IDs in the first list / set / pool of N_tot_tci TCI states / TCI state IDs is fixed or configured at a higher level (e.g., via RRC signaling).

[0148] In another example (Example-1.C), the UE can receive a MAC CE activation / subselection command from the network to activate N_tot_rs TCI states / TCI state IDs from a first list / set / pool of N_tot_tci TCI states / TCI state IDs as N_tot_rs TCI states / TCI state IDs in a second list / set / pool. For example, the MAC CE command may include / contain a bitmap of length N_tot_tci, where each bit position in the bitmap corresponds to a TCI state / TCI state ID in the first list / set / pool of TCI states / TCI state IDs. If a bit position in the bitmap is set to "1", the corresponding TCI state / TCI state ID in the first list / set / pool of TCI states / TCI state IDs is activated / selected as a TCI state / TCI state ID in the second list / set / pool of TCI states / TCI state IDs. The MAC CE command / bitmap may contain N_tot_rs bit positions set to "1".

[0149] In yet another example (Example-1.D), the second list / set / pool of TCI states / TCI state IDs may contain / include N_tot_rs of TCI states / TCI state IDs from the first list / set / pool of TCI states / TCI state IDs, which are reserved / configured / activated for receiving / monitoring (one or more) PDCCH candidates in (one or more) CORESETs.

[0150] In the second list / set / pool of TCI states / TCI state IDs, N_tot_rs of TCI states indicate / include / contain RS or RS indices (e.g., at least N_tot_rs (QCL-typeD) RS or RS indices) that can be used to configure one or more BFD RS / NBI RS. In this disclosure, at least N_tot_rs (QCL-typeD) RS or RS indices are represented as a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices. Furthermore, the first list / set / pool of TCI status / TCI status IDs, the second list / set / pool of TCI status / TCI status IDs, or the MAC CE activation / subselect command in Example-1.C may contain / include / indicate an entity ID, wherein the entity ID may correspond to a PCI, a PCI index pointing to / corresponding to an entry / PCI from a list / set / pool of PCIs configured to a higher layer of the UE, a value of CORESETPoolIndex, a value of CORESETGroupIndex, a bit flag indicator, a CORESET pool ID / index, a CORESET group ID / index, a CORESET ID / index, a TCI status ID / index, a TRP-specific index / ID value, a TRP-specific higher-layer signaling index / ID value, or a TRP-specific RS set index / ID value.

[0151] The UE can receive one or more MAC CE commands or one or more MAC CE activation / subselection commands or one or more bitmaps from the network to configure or update the BFD RS beam set corresponding to the SSB index or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index—for example, one or more BFD RSs (corresponding to one or more SSB indices or one or more periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration indices) in the BFDRS beam set q0 configured according to those specified in Configuration-1, Configuration-2 or Configuration-3 of this disclosure (i.e., Design Examples-1.1, Example-1.2, Example-1.3, Example-1.4, Example-1.5 or Example-1.6).

[0152] In one example (Example-1.7), the network may first configure a list / set / pool of N_tot_rs RS resource indices (e.g., corresponding to SSB indices or CSI-RS resource configuration indices) to the UE's higher-level RRC. The UE can then receive a MAC CE activation / subselection command from the network to activate or select one or more RS indices from the pool of higher-level RRC-configured RS indices or one or more RS indices from the list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as one or more BFD RSs in set q0. For example, the MAC CE activation / subselection command may contain a total of N_tot_rs bit positions, where each bit position corresponds to an RS index in the pool of higher-level RRC-configured RS indices or an RS index in the list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices. If a bit position in the MAC CE activation / subselect command is set to "1", then the corresponding RS index from the pool of higher-level RRC configurations of the RS index or from the list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices is then activated / selected as a BFD RS in set q0. The MAC CE activation / subselect command may contain more than one (e.g., N_q0 > 1) bit positions configured to "1".

[0153] For example, the network can first provide the UE with one or more first BFD RSs corresponding to the SSB index or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index from the BFD RS beam set q0, for example, via higher-layer parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList or beamFailureDetectionResourceList. The UE can then receive a MAC CE activation / subselection command from the network as described above, thereby activating / selecting one or more RS indices from a pool of higher-layer RRC configurations of RS indices, or one or more RS indices from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices, as one or more second BFD RSs in set q0. That is, in this case, the BFD RS beam set q0 can contain both the first BFD RS configured by the higher-layer RRC and the second BFD RS activated by MAC CE.

[0154] For example, as discussed above, the BFD RS beamset q0 can contain N_q0 BFD RSs, each corresponding to an SSB index or a periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index. The UE can receive a MAC CE activation / subselect command from the network as described above, thereby activating / selecting N_q0 RS indices from a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS indices or from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as N_q0 BFD RSs in set q0. The MAC CE activation / subselect command can contain N_q0 bit positions configured as "1".

[0155] However, the network can first provide the UE with N_q0 BFD RSs from the BFD RS beam set q0, corresponding to the SSB index or the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index, for example, via higher-layer parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList or beamFailureDetectionResourceList. The UE can then receive a first MAC CE activation / sub-selection command from the network as described above, thereby activating / selecting a pool of higher-layer RRC configurations from the RS indexes or N_q0' RS indices from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices. The UE can also receive a second MAC CE command / bitmap from the network containing a total of N_q0 bit positions, where each bit position corresponds to a BFD RS in set q0. If the bit position in the second MAC CE command / bitmap is set to "1", then the corresponding BFDRS in the BFD RS beam set q0 can be activated / selected—replaced / updated—by the RS index corresponding to the bit position in the second MAC CE command / bitmap from a pool of higher-level RRC configurations of the RS index or from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices.

[0156] For this example, the second MAC CE command / bitmap may contain N_q0' bit positions configured as "1", and the N_q0' bit positions configured as "1" (e.g., sorted from least significant bit to most significant bit) are mapped / associated one-to-one with N_q0' RS indices activated / selected by the first MAC CE activation / subselect command from a pool of higher-level RRC configurations of RS indices or from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices (e.g., sorted from lowest RS index / ID to highest RS index / ID).

[0157] In another example (Example-1.8), one or more BFD RSs (corresponding to one or more SSB indices or periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indices) in BFD RS beamset q0 can be associated with an entity ID, and different BFD RSs in set q0 can be associated with different entity IDs. In this disclosure, an entity ID can correspond to a PCI, a PCI index pointing to / corresponding to an entry / PCI from a list / set / pool of PCIs configured to a higher layer of the UE, a value of CORESETPoolIndex, a value of CORESETGroupIndex, a one-bit flag indicator, a CORESET pool ID / index, a CORESET group ID / index, a CORESET ID / index, a TCI status ID / index, a TRP-specific index / ID value, a TRP-specific higher-layer signaling index / ID value, or a TRP-specific RS set index / ID value. The network can first configure a list / set / pool of N_tot_rs RS resource indices (e.g., corresponding to SSB indices or CSI-RS resource configuration indices) to the higher-layer RRC of the UE.

[0158] The UE can then receive one or more MAC CE activation / subselection commands from the network to activate or select one or more RS indices from a pool of higher-level RRC configurations of RS indices, or one or more RS indices from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as one or more BFD RS associated with one or more entity IDs for set q0. For example, the MAC CE activation / subselection command may contain a total of N_tot_rs bit positions, where each bit position corresponds to an RS index in a pool of higher-level RRC configurations of RS indices or an RS index in a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices.

[0159] In addition, the MAC CE activation / subselection command can also include / indicate the entity ID. If a bit position in the MAC CE activation / subselection command indicating / configuring the entity ID is set to "1", then the corresponding RS index from the pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS index or from the list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices is then activated / selected as a BFD RS associated with the entity ID in set q0. The MAC CE activation / subselection command indicating / configuring the entity ID can contain more than one (e.g., N_q0 > 1) bit positions configured to "1".

[0160] For example, the network can first provide the UE with one or more first BFD RSs corresponding to the SSB index or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index from the BFD RS beam set q0, for example via higher-layer parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList or beamFailureDetectionResourceList. These first BFD RSs may be associated with the same entity ID, and different first BFD RSs may be associated with different entity IDs. The UE can then receive one or more MAC CE activation / subselection commands from the network as described above, where each MAC CE activation / subselection command indicates / configures an entity ID and activates / selects one or more RS indices from a pool of higher-layer RRC configurations of RS indices or from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as one or more second BFD RSs associated with the indicated entity ID in set q0. That is, in this case, the BFD RS beam set q0 may contain both the first BFD RSs with higher-layer RRC configurations associated with one or more entity IDs and the second BFD RSs activated by MAC CE associated with one or more entity IDs.

[0161] For example, as discussed above, a BFD RS beamset q0 of size N_q0 can contain / comprise / include M_q0 (M_q0≤N_q0) BFD RSs associated with the same entity ID—each BFD RS corresponding to an SSB index or a periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index. The UE can receive a MAC CE activation / subselect command from the network as described above, thereby indicating / configuring the entity ID and activating / selecting either a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS indexes or M_q0 RS indices from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as the M_q0 BFD RSs associated with the entity ID in set q0. As discussed above, the MAC CE activation / subselect command can indicate / configure the entity ID and include M_q0 bit positions configured as "1".

[0162] However, the network can first provide the UE with a BFD RS beamset q0 of size N_q0, for example, via a higher-layer parameter failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList or beamFailureDetectionResourceList. This BFD RS beamset q0 contains / includes / includes M_q0 (M_q0≤N_q0) BFDRS associated with the same entity ID—each BFD RS corresponding to an SSB index or a periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index. The UE can then receive a first MAC CE activation / sub-selection command from the network as described above, thereby instructing / configuring the entity ID and activating / selecting a pool of higher-layer RRC configurations from the RS indexes or an M_q0' RS index from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indexes. The UE can also receive a second MAC CE command / bitmap from the network containing a total of M_q0 bit positions, where each bit position corresponds to a BFD RS among the M_q0 BFD RS associated with the entity ID in set q0. If the bit position in the second MAC CE command / bitmap is set to "1", then the corresponding BFD RS among the M_q0 BFD RS associated with the entity ID in the BFD RS beam set q0 can be replaced / updated by the RS index corresponding to the bit position in the second MAC CE command / bitmap—activated / selected from the pool of higher-level RRC configurations of the RS index by the first MAC CE activation / subselect command or from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices.

[0163] For this example, the second MAC CE command / bitmap may contain M_q0' bit positions configured as "1", and the M_q0' bit positions configured as "1" (e.g., sorted from least significant bit to most significant bit) are mapped / associated one-to-one with M_q0' RS indices activated / selected by the first MAC CE activation / subselect command from a pool of higher-level RRC configurations of RS indices or from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices (e.g., sorted from lowest RS index / ID to highest RS index / ID).

[0164] In another example (Example-1.9), the network may first configure a list / set / pool of N_tot_rs RS resource indices (e.g., corresponding to SSB indices or CSI-RS resource configuration indices) to the higher-level RRC of the UE. The UE can then receive a MAC CE command from the network to configure / select one or more RS indices from the pool of higher-level RRC configuration of the RS indices, or one or more RS indices from the list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as one or more BFD RS in set q0. For example, the MAC CE command may contain a total of N_q0 entries, where each entry corresponds to a BFD RS in set q0. If an entry in the MAC CE command is set to an RS index from the pool of higher-level RRC configuration of the RS indices, or an RS index from the list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices, then that RS index is then configured / selected as the corresponding BFD RS in set q0.

[0165] For example, as discussed above, a BFD RS beamset q0 can contain N_q0 BFD RSs, each corresponding to an SSB index or a periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index. The UE can receive a MAC CE command from the network as described above, thereby configuring / selecting a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS indexes or N_q0 RS indices from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as N_q0 BFD RSs in set q0. The MAC CE command can contain N_q0 entries, where each entry configures / selects a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS indexes or an RS index from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as the corresponding BFD RS in set q0.

[0166] For example, the network can first provide the UE with N_q0 BFD RSs from the BFD RS beam set q0, corresponding to the SSB index or the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index, for example via higher-layer parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList or beamFailureDetectionResourceList. The UE can then receive a MAC CE command from the network as described above, thereby configuring / selecting a pool of higher-layer RRC configurations from the RS indexes or N_q0' RS indices from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as one or more BFD RSs in set q0.

[0167] For example, in a MAC CE command with a total of N_q0 entries, only N_q0' entries (from a total of N_q0 entries) are set to a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS index or to a valid RS index from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indexes, and the remaining (N_q0-N_q0') entries are not configured or do not exist; in this case, the N_q0' RS indexes are configured / selected / updated to the corresponding N_q0' BFD RSs of set q0 (from a total of N_q0 BFD RSs).

[0168] Alternatively, in a MAC CE command with a total of N_q0 entries, only N_q0' entries (from the total N_q0 entries) are set to RS indices that are different from the corresponding BFD RS in the BFD RS beam set q0 (from a pool of higher-level RRC configurations of the RS indices or from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices); in this case, the N_q0' RS indices are configured / selected / updated to the corresponding N_q0' BFD RS of set q0 (from the total N_q0 BFD RS).

[0169] In another example (Example-1.10), one or more BFD RSs (corresponding to one or more SSB indices or periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indices) in BFD RS beamset q0 can be associated with an entity ID, and different BFD RSs in set q0 can be associated with different entity IDs. In this disclosure, an entity ID can correspond to a PCI, a PCI index pointing to / corresponding to an entry / PCI from a list / set / pool of PCIs configured to a higher layer of the UE, a value of CORESETPoolIndex, a value of CORESETGroupIndex, a one-bit flag indicator, a CORESET pool ID / index, a CORESET group ID / index, a CORESET ID / index, a TCI status ID / index, a TRP-specific index / ID value, a TRP-specific higher-layer signaling index / ID value, or a TRP-specific RS set index / ID value. The network can first configure a list / set / pool of N_tot_rs RS resource indices (e.g., corresponding to SSB indices or CSI-RS resource configuration indices) to the higher-layer RRC of the UE.

[0170] The UE can then receive one or more MAC CE commands from the network to configure / select one or more RS indices from a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS indexes, or one or more RS indices from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as one or more BFD RSs associated with one or more entity IDs in set q0. For example, the MAC CE command may contain a total of N_q0 entries, where each entry corresponds to a BFD RS in set q0.

[0171] In addition, the MAC CE command can also include / indicate the entity ID. If the entry in the MAC CE command that configures / indicates the entity ID is set to an RS index from a pool of higher-level RRC configurations of RS indexes or an RS index from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indexes, then that RS index is then configured / selected as the corresponding BFD RS associated with the entity ID in set q0.

[0172] For example, as discussed above, a BFD RS beam set q0 of size N_q0 can contain / include / include M_q0 (M_q0≤N_q0) BFD RSs associated with the same entity ID—each BFD RS corresponding to an SSB index or a periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index. The UE can receive a MAC CE command from the network as described above, thereby instructing / configuring the entity ID and configuring / selecting a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS indexes or M_q0 RS indices from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as the M_q0 BFD RSs associated with the entity ID in set q0. As discussed above, the MAC CE command can indicate / configure an entity ID and contain M_q0 entries, where each entry is configured / set to a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS index or an RS index from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indexes and corresponds to a BFD RS among the M_q0 BFD RS associated with the entity ID in set q0.

[0173] For example, the network can first provide the UE with a BFD RS beamset q0 of size N_q0, for instance, via a higher-layer parameter failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList or beamFailureDetectionResourceList. This BFD RS beamset q0 contains / includes / includes M_q0 (M_q0≤N_q0) BFD RSs associated with the same entity ID—each BFD RS corresponding to an SSB index or a periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index. The UE can then receive a MAC CE command from the network as described above, thereby instructing / configuring the entity ID and configuring / selecting a pool of higher-layer RRC configurations from the RS indexes or M_q0' RS indices from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as one or more BFD RSs associated with the entity ID in set q0.

[0174] As discussed above, a MAC CE command can indicate / configure an entity ID and contain M_q0 entries, where each entry corresponds to a BFD RS among the M_q0 BFD RSs associated with the entity ID in set q0. For example, in a MAC CE command with a total of M_q0 entries and configuring / indicating an entity ID, only M_q0' entries (from the total M_q0 entries) are set to valid RS indices from a pool of higher-level RRC configurations of RS indices or from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices, and the remaining (M_q0-M_q0') entries are not configured or do not exist; in this case, the M_q0' RS indices are configured / selected / updated to the corresponding M_q0' BFD RSs associated with the entity ID in set q0 (from the total M_q0 BFD RSs associated with the entity ID).

[0175] Alternatively, in a MAC CE command with a total of M_q0 entries and configured / indicating entity IDs, only M_q0' entries (from the total M_q0 entries) are set to RS indices that are different from the corresponding BFD RS in the BFD RS beam set q0 (from a pool of higher-level RRC configurations of the RS indices or from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices); in this case, the M_q0' RS indices are configured / selected / updated to the corresponding M_q0' BFD RS associated with the entity ID in set q0 (from the total M_q0 BFD RS associated with the entity ID).

[0176] In the design example discussed above, the list / set / pool of higher-level RRC configurations for N_tot_rs RS resource indices (e.g., corresponding to SSB indices or CSI-RS resource configuration indices) may also contain / include / indicate entity IDs, where the entity ID may correspond to a PCI, a PCI index pointing to / corresponding to an entry / PCI from the list / set / pool of PCIs configured to the higher level of the UE, a value of CORESETPoolIndex, a value of CORESETGroupIndex, a bit flag indicator, a CORESET pool ID / index, a CORESET group ID / index, a CORESET ID / index, a TCI status ID / index, a TRP-specific index / ID value, a TRP-specific higher-level signaling index / ID value, or a TRP-specific RS set index / ID value.

[0177] In one embodiment, a beam failure detection / declaration process for spatial domain PDCCH repetition in a multi-TRP system is provided.

[0178] The network can configure one or more BFDRS monitoring timings for BFDRS in the BFDRS beam set q0 at a higher layer of the UE. The network can also configure one or more BFF thresholds / timers at a higher layer of the UE for detecting (one or more) potential beam failures. A set of conditions for repeatedly declaring (one or more) beam failures for the spatial domain PDCCH in a multi-TRP system is also defined / specified.

[0179] The network can configure a single (N_period=1) BFD RS monitoring timing for one or more BFD RSs in the BFD RS beam set q0 at a higher layer of the UE.

[0180] For configuration-1, the BFD RS monitoring occasion (represented by BFD-RS-monitoring-occasion-x) can be used for the only BFD RS in the BFD RS beamset q0. Therefore, BFD-RS-monitoring-occasion-x = max{the period of the BFD RS in q0, x ms}, where x can be a fixed / deterministic value for each RRC configuration (e.g., x = 2) and configured by the network to higher layers of the UE. Here, the period of the BFD RS in q0 is equal to the period of the QCL-typeD source RS (CSI-RS or SSB) indicated in the selected active TCI state of CORESET.

[0181] For configurations-2 and-3, the BFD RS monitoring timing (represented by BFD-RS-monitoring-occasion-y) can be used for all N_q0>1 BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset q0. Therefore, BFD-RS-monitoring-occasion-y = max{minimum period of the BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset q0, y ms}, where y can be a fixed / deterministic value for each RRC configuration (e.g., y = 2) and configured by the network to higher layers of the UE. Here, the period of the BFD RS in q0 is equal to the period of the corresponding QCL-typeD source RS (CSI-RS or SSB) indicated in the (selected) active TCI state of CORESET.

[0182] For configurations-2 and-3, the BFD RS monitoring timing (represented by BFD-RS-monitoring-occasion-z) can be used for a subset of all N_q0>1 BFD RSs in the BFD RS beam set q0. Therefore, BFD-RS-monitoring-occasion-z = max{minimum period of the BFD RSs in the subset of all BFD RSs in the BFD RS beam set q0, z ms}, where z can be a fixed / deterministic value for each RRC configuration (e.g., z = 2) and configured by the network to higher layers of the UE. Here, the period of the BFD RS in the BFD RS beam subset or q0 is equal to the period of the corresponding QCL-typeD source RS (CSI-RS or SSB) indicated in the (selected) active TCI state of CORESET. The network can indicate a subset of BFD RS to the UE; the indication can be via higher layer (RRC) and / or MAC CE and / or DCI-based signaling and / or any combination of at least two of RRC, MAC CE and DCI-based signaling; the indication can be via a single (dedicated) parameter or in combination with another parameter.

[0183] In one example, the network can, for instance, indicate the BFD RS ID / index of a subset of BFD RSs to the UE via higher-level RRC signaling and / or dynamic DCI signaling. In another example, the network can first configure a list of BFD RS IDs / indexes of all BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset to the UE at a higher level; the UE can then receive a MAC CE command from the network to activate the BFD RS ID / index corresponding to the BFD RS in the subset. In yet another example, the UE can receive a bitmap of length N_q0 from the network, where each entry / bit in the bitmap corresponds to a BFD RS (or equivalently, a BFD RS ID / index) in the BFD RS beamset q0; each entry / bit in the bitmap indicates whether the corresponding BFD RS is in a subset of the BFD RSs.

[0184] The network can configure more than one (N_period>1) BFD RS monitoring occasions to higher layers of the UE, and each configured BFD RS monitoring occasion is used for one or more BFD RSs in a BFD RS beam set q0. As in this case, more than one BFD RS is in the BFD RS beam set, assuming configuration-2 and configuration-3. A BFD RS monitoring occasion (represented by BFD-RS-monitoring-occasion-m) can be used for a subset of all N_q0>1 BFD RSs in the BFD RS beam set q0. Therefore, BFD-RS-monitoring-occasion-p = max{minimum period of the BFD RSs in the subset of all BFD RSs in the BFD RS beam set q0, p ms}, where p can be a fixed / deterministic value for each RRC configuration (e.g., p=2) and configured by the network to higher layers of the UE, and p can be the same or different for different BFD RS monitoring occasions. This subset can contain a single BFD RS or more than one BFD RS.

[0185] If a subset contains a single BFD RS, then BFD-RS-monitoring-occasion-p = max{the period of the BFD RS in the subset of all BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset q0, p ms}. Here, the period of the BFD RS in the BFD RS beamset subset or q0 is equal to the period of the corresponding QCL-typeD source RS (CSI-RS or SSB) indicated in the (selected) active TCI state of CORESET. All N_period > 1 BFD RS monitoring opportunities can be used for all N_q0 > 1 BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset q0.

[0186] In one example, the network can instruct the UE on the configuration / instruction of a subset of BFD RSs and the corresponding / associated BFD RS monitoring timing; this instruction can be via higher-level (RRC) and / or MAC CE and / or DCI-based signaling and / or any combination of at least two of RRC, MAC CE, and DCI-based signaling; the instruction can be via a single (dedicated) parameter or a combination of another parameter. For example, the network can instruct the UE, for instance, via higher-level RRC signaling and / or dynamic DCI signaling, on the BFD RS ID / index of the subset used for the corresponding / associated BFD RS monitoring timing.

[0187] For example, the network can first configure a list of BFD RS IDs / indices for all BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset to a higher layer of the UE; the UE can then receive a MAC CE command from the network to activate the BFD RS ID / index corresponding to the BFD RS in the subset used for the corresponding / associated BFD RS monitoring timing. Alternatively, the UE can receive a bitmap of length N_q0 from the network, where each entry / bit in the bitmap corresponds to a BFD RS (or equivalently, a BFD RS ID / index) in the BFD RS beamset q0; each entry / bit in the bitmap indicates whether the corresponding BFD RS is in a subset of the BFD RS for the corresponding / associated BFD RS monitoring timing.

[0188] In another example, if each BFD RS monitoring opportunity is configured for a single BFD RS in the BFD RS beamset q0, then the association rules / mapping relationships (one or more) between the BFD RS monitoring opportunities and the BFD RS in the BFD RS beamset can be predefined and known to both the UE and the network. For example, the first BFD RS monitoring opportunity or the BFD RS monitoring opportunity with the lowest monitoring opportunity ID / index can correspond to the first BFD RS or the BFD RS with the lowest resource ID / index in the BFD RS beamset, the second BFD RS monitoring opportunity or the BFD RS monitoring opportunity with the second lowest monitoring opportunity ID / index can correspond to the second BFD RS or the BFD RS with the second lowest resource ID / index in the BFD RS beamset, and so on, and the last BFD RS monitoring opportunity or the BFD RS monitoring opportunity with the highest monitoring opportunity ID / index can correspond to the last BFD RS or the BFD RS with the highest resource ID / index in the BFD RS beamset. Other association rules / mapping relationships between the timing of BFD RS monitoring and the BFD RS in the BFD RS beam set are also possible, and can be known in advance by the UE and the network.

[0189] In yet another example, BFD RS monitoring timing can be linked to one or more active TCI states of CORESET (e.g., via their TCI state IDs and / or TCI state group IDs) and / or one or more TRP-specific IDs / indexes (such as PCI values) / associated with them.

[0190] The network can configure one or more BFD thresholds at a higher layer to the UE for evaluating the radio link quality of one or more beam-pair links between the network and the UE. The UE can first measure the radio link quality of the BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset q0, for example, in the form of L1-RSRP. The UE can then derive one or more hypothetical BLERs for the PDCCH based on one or more beam metrics (such as one or more L1-RSRPs) measured on the BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset q0. The UE can compare the derived hypothetical PDCCH BLERs with the configured BFD thresholds and declare a beam failure instance (BFI) if the derived hypothetical PDCCH BLERs exceed the configured BFD thresholds. The UE can declare a beam failure if it has detected / declared a predefined number of BFIs within a given time period or before the expiration of one or more BFD timers.

[0191] For configuring (one or more) BFD thresholds, the network can (e.g., via higher-layer RRC signaling) configure a single BFD threshold for all (one or more) BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset q0 to a higher layer of the UE. For configuration-1, the BFD threshold can be used for a single BFD RS in the BFD RS beamset q0. For configurations-2 and-3, the BFD threshold can be used for all N_q0>1 BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset q0.

[0192] The configuration of BFD thresholds (one or more) allows the network to configure more than one BFD threshold for all BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset q0 to a higher layer of the UE (e.g., via higher-layer RRC signaling). Each configured BFD threshold is used for one or more BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset q0. As in this case, more than one BFD RS is in the BFD RS beamset, assuming configurations -2 and -3. BFD thresholds can be used for subsets of all N_q0>1 BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset q0, and these subsets can contain a single BFD RS or more than one BFD RS.

[0193] In one example, the network can indicate to the UE a subset of BFD RSs and the configuration / indication of the corresponding / associated BFD thresholds; this indication can be via higher-layer (RRC) and / or MAC CE and / or DCI-based signaling and / or any combination of at least two of RRC, MAC CE, and DCI-based signaling; the indication can be via a single (dedicated) parameter or a combination of another parameter. For example, the network can indicate to the UE, for instance, via higher-layer RRC signaling and / or dynamic DCI signaling, the BFD RS ID / index of the subset of BFD RSs used for the corresponding / associated BFD thresholds.

[0194] For example, the network can first configure a list of BFD RS IDs / indices for all BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset to a higher layer of the UE; the UE can then receive a MAC CE command from the network to activate the BFD RS ID / index corresponding to the BFD RS in the subset used for the corresponding / associated BFD threshold. Alternatively, the UE can receive a bitmap of length N_q0 from the network, where each entry / bit in the bitmap corresponds to a BFD RS (or equivalently, a BFD RS ID / index) in the BFD RS beamset q0; each entry / bit in the bitmap indicates whether the corresponding BFD RS is in a subset of the BFD RSs for the corresponding / associated BFD threshold.

[0195] In another example, if each BFD threshold is configured for a single BFD RS in the BFD RS beamset q0, then the association rules / mapping relationships (one or more) between the BFD thresholds and the BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset can be predefined and known to both the UE and the network. For example, a first BFD threshold (e.g., in a list of BFD thresholds configured for the UE) may correspond to the first BFD RS in the BFD RS beamset or the BFD RS with the lowest resource ID / index, a second BFD threshold (e.g., in a list of BFD thresholds configured for the UE) may correspond to the second BFD RS in the BFD RS beamset or the BFD RS with the second lowest resource ID / index, and so on, and the last BFD threshold (e.g., in a list of BFD thresholds configured for the UE) may correspond to the last BFD RS in the BFD RS beamset or the BFD RS with the highest resource ID / index. Other association rules / mapping relationships between the BFD thresholds and the BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset are also possible and can be known in advance to both the UE and the network.

[0196] In yet another example, the BFD threshold may be linked to one or more active TCI states of the CORESET (e.g., via their TCI state IDs and / or TCI state group IDs) and / or one or more TRP-specific IDs / indices (such as PCI values) / associated with them.

[0197] For the configuration of (one or more) BFD timers, the network can (e.g., via higher-layer RRC signaling) configure a single BFD timer for all (one or more) BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset q0 to the higher layer of the UE. For configuration-1, the BFD timer can be used for a single BFD RS in the BFD RS beamset q0. For configurations-2 and-3, the BFD timer can be used for all N_q0>1 BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset q0.

[0198] For the configuration of (one or more) BFD timers, or, alternatively, the network can configure more than one BFD timer for all BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset q0 to the higher layer of the UE (e.g., via higher-layer RRC signaling). Each configured BFD timer is used for one or more BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset q0. As in this case, more than one BFD RS is in the BFD RS beamset, assuming configurations -2 and -3. BFD timers can be used for a subset of all N_q0>1 BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset q0, and the subset can contain a single BFD RS or more than one BFD RS.

[0199] In one example, the network can indicate to the UE a subset of BFD RSs and the configuration / indication of the corresponding / associated BFD timers; this indication can be via higher-layer (RRC) and / or MAC CE and / or DCI-based signaling and / or any combination of at least two of RRC, MAC CE, and DCI-based signaling; the indication can be via a single (dedicated) parameter or a combination of another parameter. For example, the network can indicate to the UE, for instance, via higher-layer RRC signaling and / or dynamic DCI signaling, the BFD RS ID / index of the subset of BFD RSs used for the corresponding / associated BFD timers.

[0200] For example, the network can first configure a list of BFD RS IDs / indices for all BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset to a higher layer of the UE; the UE can then receive a MAC CE command from the network to activate the BFD RS ID / index corresponding to the BFD RS in the subset used for the corresponding / associated BFD timer. Alternatively, the UE can receive a bitmap of length N_q0 from the network, where each entry / bit in the bitmap corresponds to a BFD RS (or equivalently, a BFD RS ID / index) in the BFD RS beamset q0; each entry / bit in the bitmap indicates whether the corresponding BFD RS is in a subset of the BFD RSs for the corresponding / associated BFD timer.

[0201] In another example, if each BFD timer is configured for a single BFD RS in the BFD RS beamset q0, then the association rules / mapping relationships (one or more) between the BFD timers and the BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset can be predefined and known to both the UE and the network. For example, a first BFD timer (e.g., in a list of BFD timers configured for the UE) may correspond to the first BFD RS in the BFD RS beamset or the BFD RS with the lowest resource ID / index, a second BFD timer (e.g., in a list of BFD timers configured for the UE) may correspond to the second BFD RS in the BFD RS beamset or the BFD RS with the second lowest resource ID / index, and so on, and the last BFD timer (e.g., in a list of BFD timers configured for the UE) may correspond to the last BFD RS in the BFD RS beamset or the BFD RS with the highest resource ID / index. Other association rules / mapping relationships between BFD timers and the BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset are also possible and can be known in advance to both the UE and the network.

[0202] In yet another example, a BFD timer may be linked to one or more active TCI states of the CORESET (e.g., via their TCI state IDs and / or TCI state group IDs) and / or one or more TRP-specific IDs / indices (such as PCI values) / associated with them.

[0203] If one or more BFD thresholds and one or more BFD timers are configured for one or more of the same BFD RS in the BFD RS beam set q0, they can have one or more one-to-one correspondences.

[0204] Depending on the number of BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset and how they are associated with different coordinated TRPs in a multi-TRP system, the UE can declare a beam failure if one or more BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset, and therefore one or more beams associated with the CORESET, fail. Additionally, considering that there may still be (one or more) working / active beams to transmit the PDCCH, even though one or more beams associated with the CORESET may have failed, other necessary conditions / criteria can be specified for declaring a beam failure for spatial domain PDCCH repetition.

[0205] For BFD RS configuration-1, the UE can measure the radio link quality of the BFD RS in the BFD RS beam set q0 every X ms, where X is the BFD RS monitoring timing associated with the BFD RS, and declare a beam failure (e.g., by sending a BFRQ to the network) if the assumed BLER of the PDCCH / CORESET derived from the measured radio link quality of the BFD RS is higher than a predefined number of BFD thresholds associated with the BFD RS before the BFD timer associated with the BFD RS expires.

[0206] For BFD RS configuration-2 and configuration-3, the UE can measure the radio link quality of one or more BFD RSs (represented as the first subset of BFD RSs in BFD RS beam set q0) every Y ms, where Y is the BFD RS monitoring timing associated with the first subset of BFD RSs.

[0207] In one example (Example-2.3.1), if the assumed BLER of PDCCH / CORESET derived from the radio link quality of the first subset of the measured BFD RS is higher than a predefined number of BFD thresholds associated with the first subset of the BFD RS (e.g., implementing a predefined number of BFIs) before the BFD timer associated with the first subset of the BFD RS expires, the UE can declare a beam failure for the first subset of the BFD RS (e.g., by sending a BFRQ to the network).

[0208] In another example (Example-2.3.2), the network can (e.g., via higher-layer RRC signaling) configure a BFR trigger timer to a higher layer of the UE. The UE can initiate the BFR trigger timer if the assumed BLER of the PDCCH / CORESET derived from the radio link quality of the first subset of the measured BFD RS exceeds a predefined number of BFD thresholds associated with the first subset of BFD RS (e.g., implementing a predefined number of BFIs) before the BFD timer associated with the first subset of BFD RS expires.

[0209] Before the BFR trigger timer expires, if the UE can detect (one or more) beam failures by measuring at least a second subset of BFDRSs (different from the first subset of BFDRSs) in the BFD RS beam set q0, for example, by assuming the BLER of the PDCCH / CORESET derived from the radio link quality of the measured second subset of BFDRS exceeds a predefined number of BFD thresholds associated with the second subset of BFDRSs (e.g., implementing a predefined number of BFIs) before the BFD timer associated with the second subset of BFDRS expires, then the UE can declare a separate (TRP-specific) beam failure for the separate subset of BFDRSs (e.g., by sending a separate BFRQ to the network) or a cell-specific beam failure; otherwise, the UE can declare a beam failure only for the first subset of BFDRSs.

[0210] In another example (Example-2.3.3), the network can (e.g., via higher-layer RRC signaling) configure a BFR trigger threshold to a higher layer of the UE. If the assumed BLER of the PDCCH / CORESET derived from the radio link quality of a first subset of the measured BFD RSs is higher than a predefined number of BFD thresholds associated with the first subset of BFD RSs (e.g., implementing a predefined number of BFIs) before the BFD timer associated with the first subset of BFD RSs expires, the UE can begin monitoring the radio link quality of at least a second subset of BFD RSs (different from the first subset of BFD RSs) in the BFD RS beam set q0. If the assumed BLER of the PDCCH / CORESET derived from the radio link quality of at least the second subset of BFD RSs is lower than the BFR trigger threshold, the UE can choose not to declare a beam failure.

[0211] In yet another example (Example-2.3.4), the network can (e.g., via higher-layer RRC signaling) configure the BFR trigger timer and BFR trigger threshold to the higher layers of the UE. If the conditions / criteria described in both Example-2.3.2 and Example-2.3.3 are met, the UE can autonomously decide whether to follow the beam failure declaration procedure in Example-2.3.2 or Example-2.3.3. Alternatively, if the conditions / criteria described in both Example-2.3.2 and Example-2.3.3 are met, the UE can follow the beam failure declaration procedure in Example-2.3.2 or Example-2.3.3 based on one or more instructions from the network.

[0212] Figure 13 A flowchart of a UE method 1300 for declaring beam failure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The UE method 1300 for declaring beam failure can be performed by a UE (e.g., Figure 1 Execute steps 111-116 shown. Figure 13 The embodiment of the UE method 1300 for declaring beam failure shown is for illustrative purposes only. Figure 13 One or more components shown may be implemented in a dedicated circuit system configured to perform the indicated function, or one or more components may be implemented by one or more processors that execute instructions to perform the indicated function.

[0213] like Figure 13 The diagram presented illustrates the algorithmic flowchart for the aforementioned beam failure declaration criterion, which includes two BFD RSs (BFD-RS-1 and BFD-RS-2). Both BFD-RS-1 and BFD-RS-2 are QCL-type D source RSs indicated under two separate TCI states activated for the same CORESET. Two BFD RS monitoring occasions (BFD-RS-monitoring-occasion-1 and BFD-RS-monitoring-occasion-2) are configured for BFD-RS-1 and BFD-RS-2 respectively. A single BFD threshold and a single BFD timer are configured for both BFD-RS-1 and BFD-RS-2.

[0214] like Figure 13 As shown, in 1301, the UE monitors / measures the radio link quality (e.g., L1-RSRP) of BFD-RS-1 every BFD-RS-monitoring-occasion-1ms, and monitors / measures the radio link quality (e.g., L1-RSRP) of BFD-RS-2 every BFD-RS-monitoring-occasion-2ms.

[0215] In step 1302, the UE derives the hypothetical BLER of the PDCCH from the measured radio link quality of BFD-RS-1 (or BFD-RS-2). The UE compares the derived hypothetical PDCCH BLER with the configured BFD threshold. If the hypothetical PDCCH BLER derived in 1302 exceeds the BFD threshold a predefined number of times (e.g., achieving a predefined number of BFIs) before the BFD timer expires, the algorithm proceeds to step 1303. Otherwise, the algorithm returns to step 1301, meaning the UE may not declare any beam failure event at this point.

[0216] In step 1303, the UE derives the hypothetical BLER of the PDCCH from the measured radio link quality of BFD-RS-2 (or BFD-RS-1). The UE compares the derived hypothetical PDCCH BLER with the configured BFD trigger threshold. If the hypothetical PDCCH BLER derived in step 1303 exceeds the BFD trigger threshold, the algorithm proceeds to step 1304. Otherwise, the algorithm returns to step 1301, meaning the UE may not declare any beam failure event at this point.

[0217] In step 1304, the UE derives the hypothetical BLER of the PDCCH from the measured radio link quality of BFD-RS-2 (or BFD-RS-1). The UE compares the derived hypothetical PDCCH BLER with the configured BFD threshold. If the hypothetical PDCCH BLER derived in step 1304 exceeds the BFD threshold a predefined number of times (e.g., implementing a predefined number of BFIs) before the BFD timer expires, the algorithm proceeds to step 1305. Otherwise, the algorithm proceeds to step 1306.

[0218] In 1305, the UE can declare a cell-specific beam failure and send a BFRQ to the network for that cell-specific beam failure. Alternatively, the UE can send two separate BFRQs to the network for two separate TRP-specific beam failure events, BFD-RS-1 and BFD-RS-2 (e.g., via two separate PUCCH resources).

[0219] In 1306, the UE declares a TRP-specific beam failure for BFD-RS-1 (or BFD-RS-2) and sends a BFRQ to the network for the TRP-specific beam failure of BFD-RS-1 (or BFD-RS-2).

[0220] In one embodiment, an NBI RS configuration for spatial domain PDCCH repetition in a multi-TRP system is provided.

[0221] The network can (e.g., via higher-level RRC signaling) configure one or more NBI RS to the higher level of the UE to measure for identifying one or more potential new transmission beams, thereby utilizing spatial domain PDCCH repetition to recover (one or more) failed beam pair links in a multi-TRP system.

[0222] In one example, one or more NBI RSs are configured for the active TCI states of CORESET (and thus the (one or more) QCL source RSs indicated therein) / associated with them, and each active TCI state of CORESET can be associated with one or more NBI RSs. For example, a TCI state-specific ID / index, such as a TCI state ID or a TCI state group ID, can be incorporated into a higher-level parameter (e.g., NZP-CSI-RS-Resource) for configuring NBI RS resources.

[0223] For example, the mapping / association between NBI RSs and the active TCI states of CORESET (and therefore the QCL source RSs indicated therein) is fixed for each RRC configuration and is known in advance to both the UE and the network; for instance, the first NBI RS in the list of NBI RSs configured for the UE, or the NBI RS with the lowest NBI RS ID / index, may be associated with the first TCI state (e.g., with the lowest TCI state ID and / or TCI state group ID), the second NBI RS in the list of NBI RSs configured for the UE, or the NBI RS with the second lowest NBI RS ID / index, may be associated with the second TCI state (e.g., with the second lowest TCI state ID and / or TCI state group ID), and so on, and the last NBI RS in the list of NBI RSs configured for the UE, or the NBI RS with the highest NBI RS ID / index, may be associated with the last TCI state (e.g., with the highest TCI state ID and / or TCI state group ID). Other mapping / association rules between NBI RSs and the active TCI states of CORESET, and their corresponding configuration / indication methods, are also possible.

[0224] In another example, one or more NBI RSs are configured for TRP-specific IDs / indexes / associated with them, and each TRP-specific ID / index can be associated with one or more NBI RSs. For example, TRP-specific IDs / indexes such as PCI values ​​can be incorporated into higher-level parameters (e.g., NZP-CSI-RS-Resource) for configuring NBI RS resources. For example, the mapping / association between NBI RSs and TRP-specific IDs / indices (such as PCI values) is fixed for each RRC configuration and is known in advance to both the UE and the network. For instance, the first NBI RS in the list of NBI RSs configured for the UE, or the NBI RS with the lowest NBI RS ID / index, can be associated with the first TRP-specific ID / index (e.g., with the lowest PCI value); the second NBI RS in the list of NBI RSs configured for the UE, or the NBI RS with the second lowest NBI RS ID / index, can be associated with the second TRP-specific ID / index (e.g., with the second lowest PCI value), and so on. Furthermore, the last NBI RS in the list of NBI RSs configured for the UE, or the NBI RS with the highest NBI RS ID / index, can be associated with the last TRP-specific ID / index (e.g., with the highest PCI value). Other mapping / association rules between NBI RSs and TRP-specific IDs / indices (such as PCI) and their corresponding configuration / indication methods are also possible.

[0225] In another example, one or more NBI RSs are configured to be associated with BFD RSs in a BFD RS beamset, and each BFD RS in the BFD RS beamset can be associated with one or more NBI RSs. For example, BFDRS ID / index values ​​can be incorporated into higher-level parameters (e.g., NZP-CSI-RS-Resource) for configuring NBIRS resources.

[0226] For example, the mapping / association between NBI RSs and BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset is fixed for each RRC configuration and is known in advance to both the UE and the network. For instance, the first NBI RS in the list of NBI RSs configured for the UE, or the NBI RS with the lowest NBI RS ID / index, can be associated with the first BFD RS in the BFD RS beamset, or the BFD RS with the lowest BFD RS ID / index. Similarly, the second NBI RS in the list of NBI RSs configured for the UE, or the NBI RS with the second lowest NBI RS ID / index, can be associated with the second BFD RS in the BFD RS beamset, or the BFD RS with the second lowest BFD RS ID / index, and so on. Furthermore, the last NBI RS in the list of NBI RSs configured for the UE, or the NBI RS with the highest NBI RS ID / index, can be associated with the last BFD RS in the BFD RS beamset, or the BFD RS with the highest BFD RS ID / index. Other mapping / association rules between NBI RSs and BFD RSs in the BFD RS beamset, and their corresponding configuration / indication methods, are also possible.

[0227] The network can indicate / configure to the UE at a higher layer whether (one or more) new beams identified from (one or more) NBI RSs and (one or more) working / active beams (e.g., the corresponding PDCCH assumes BLER is still below a threshold) can be received by the UE simultaneously; for example, this indication can be a one-bit flag indicator configured in the higher-layer parameter BeamFailureRecoveryConfig. The network can also indicate / configure to the UE at a higher layer whether (one or more) new beams identified from one or more NBI RSs associated with BFD RSs in the active TCI state / TRP specific ID / BFD RS beam set of the CORESET and (e.g., from different BFD RSs in different active TCI states / different TRP specific ID / BFD RS beam sets of the CORESET) can be received by the UE simultaneously; for example, this indication can also be a one-bit flag indicator configured in the higher-layer parameter BeamFailureRecoveryConfig.

[0228] The network can also configure metrics for the UE at higher layers to determine the simultaneous reception of different transmit beams / spatial domain transmission filters. For example, this metric could be an L1-RSRP threshold, an L1-SINR threshold, a throughput threshold, etc., and can be indicated in the higher-layer parameter BeamFailureRecoveryConfig. If the UE can identify one or more new beams from the configured NBI RS, the UE can transmit the index of the identified (one or more) new beams (or equivalently, the corresponding (one or more) NBI RS IDs / (one or more) indices) to the network via MAC CE (PUSCH). The UE may also send to the network via MAC CE (PUSCH) one or more failed BFD RS IDs / indices in the BFD RS beamset, and / or one or more TCI state-specific IDs / indices associated with one or more failed BFD RSs (such as one or more TCI state IDs / one or more TCI state group IDs), and / or one or more TRP-specific IDs / indices associated with one or more failed BFD RSs (such as one or more PCIs).

[0229] Alternatively, the UE may be instructed by the network to receive one or more NBI RS groups / pairs. Each NBI RS in an NBI RS group / pair is configured to be associated with a different BFD RS in a different active TCI state / different TRP-specific ID (such as PCI) / BFD RS beamset for the CORESET. The UE can expect to receive the beam corresponding to the NBI RS in the NBI RS group / pair simultaneously. This configuration / instruction can be via higher-layer (RRC) and / or MAC CE and / or DCI-based signaling and / or any combination of at least two of RRC, MAC CE and DCI-based signaling; the instruction can be via a single (dedicated) parameter or in combination with another parameter.

[0230] In one example, the network can (e.g., via higher-level RRC signaling) configure N_g≥1 NBI RS groups / pairs to the higher layers of the UE. Each NBI RS in a given NBI RS group / pair is configured to be associated with a different BFD RS in a different active TCI state / different TRP-specific ID (such as PCI) / BFD RS beamset for the CORESET.

[0231] In another example, the network can (e.g., via higher-level RRC signaling) first configure N_G ≥ 1 NBI RS groups / pairs to the higher layers of the UE. Each NBI RS in a given NBI RS group / pair is configured to be associated with a different BFD RS in a different active TCI state / different TRP-specific ID (such as PCI) / BFD RS beamset for the CORESET. The UE can then receive a MAC CE command from the network to activate N_g ≥ 1 NBI RS groups / pairs for potential (one or more) new beam identification.

[0232] In another example, the network can (e.g., via higher-level RRC signaling) first configure N_G ≥ 1 NBI RS groups / pairs to the UE at a higher level. Each NBI RS in a given NBI RS group / pair is configured to be associated with a different active TCI state / different TRP-specific ID (such as PCI) / different BFD RS in the BFD RS beam set of the CORESET. The UE can then receive a bitmap of length N_G from the network. Each entry / bit in the bitmap corresponds to a different NBI RS group / pair. The bitmap may contain N_g ≥ 1 "1" indicating that the corresponding NBI RS group / pair is activated / selected for potential (one or more) new beam identification.

[0233] If the UE can identify a new beam from the configured NBI RS groups / pairs, the UE can send the index of the identified new beam (or equivalently, the corresponding NBI RS ID / index) to the network via the MAC CE (PUSCH). Alternatively, the UE can send to the network one or more IDs / indices of one or more groups / pairs of the NBI RS corresponding to the new beam. The UE can also send to the network one or more failed BFD RS IDs / indices from the BFD RS beam set, and / or one or more TCI state-specific IDs / indices (such as one or more TCI state IDs / one or more TCI state group IDs) associated with one or more failed BFD RSs, and / or one or more TRP-specific IDs / indices (such as one or more PCIs) associated with one or more failed BFD RSs.

[0234] In one embodiment, a beam failure recovery procedure is provided in an inter-cell system.

[0235] An inter-cell system may include a serving cell (or serving cell PCI) and at least one non-serving cell associated with a non-serving cell PCI. One or more non-serving cells or one or more non-serving cell TRPs may have / broadcast a Physical Cell ID (PCI) and / or other higher-layer signaling index value different from the serving cell or serving cell TRP (i.e., serving cell PCI). In one example, a serving cell or serving cell TRP may be associated with a serving cell ID (SCI) and / or a serving cell PCI. That is, for inter-cell operations considered in this disclosure, different cells / TRPs may broadcast different PCIs and / or one or more cells / TRPs (referred to / defined as non-serving cell / TRPs in this disclosure) may broadcast PCIs different from the PCI of the serving cell / TRF (i.e., serving cell PCI) and / or one or more cells / TRPs are not associated with a valid SCI (e.g., provided by the higher-layer parameter ServCellIndex). In this disclosure, a non-serving cell PCI may also be referred to as an additional PCI, another PCI, or a different PCI (relative to the serving cell PCI).

[0236] As in inter-cell systems, the UE can receive signals / channels such as (one or more) UE-dedicated PDCCH / (one or more) PDSCH from the PCI of the non-serving cell. The UE can detect, declare, and recover (one or more) beam failures from (one or more) non-serving cells. The BFR procedure for (one or more) non-serving cells includes: measuring the BFDRS from (one or more) non-serving cells / associated with (one or more) non-serving cells and evaluating the corresponding (one or more) radio link quality; measuring the NBI RS from (one or more) non-serving cells / associated with (one or more) non-serving cells and identifying one or more new beams (if any); sending a beam failure recovery request and necessary information about (the failed) (one or more) non-serving cells to the network; and receiving a beam failure recovery response from the network for (the failed) (one or more) non-serving cells.

[0237] The UE can explicitly configure / indicate a single list / set of BFD RS resources by the network (e.g., via higher-layer RRC signaling), for example, via higher-layer parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList or beamFailureDetectionResourceList. In this disclosure, the list / set of BFD RS resources can also be referred to as the BFD RS beamset represented by q0. The BFD RS resources in the BFD RS beamset q0 can be a periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index or an SSB index or other types of SSB / CSI-RS resources.

[0238] The UE can continue to monitor the radio link quality of the BFD RSs in q0, and can declare a beam failure for the TRP / cell as long as their radio link quality (e.g., in terms of their corresponding / associated beam metrics (such as the measured L1-RSPR)) drops below a given threshold (e.g., a configured BFD threshold) within a specific time period (e.g., before the configured BFD timer expires). As discussed above, one or more BFD RS resources in the BFD RS beam set q0 corresponding to SSB resources / SSB resource indexes or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes can come from or be associated with one or more PCI / PCI indices (e.g., one or more non-serving cell PCI / PCI indices different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index or the serving cell PCI / PCI index) / together.

[0239] For example, if PCI information / values ​​are indicated / included in BFD RS beamset q0, then the BFD RS resources configured in BFD RS beamset q0, provided by the higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList or beamFailureDetectionResourceList, are used for or associated with PCI (e.g., corresponding to non-serving cell PCI). As another example, BFD RS beamset q0 (e.g., provided by the higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList or beamFailureDetectionResourceList) may contain one or more BFD RS resources corresponding to SSB resources / SSB resource indexes or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes associated with and related to the serving cell PCI / PCI index, and one or more BFD RS resources corresponding to SSB resources / SSB resource indexes or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes associated with and related to one or more PCI / PCI indexes different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index.

[0240] In this disclosure, the PCI index may correspond to / point to a corresponding PCI (value) in a list / set / pool of PCIs configured at a higher layer for the UE, wherein the list / set / pool of PCIs may include one or more PCIs different from the serving cell PCI or the serving cell PCI. However, for example, if the network provides the UE with different values ​​for the CORESETPoolIndex of CORESET in the PDCCH-Config, then the BFD RS beamset q0 (e.g., provided by the higher-layer parameter failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList or beamFailureDetectionResourceList) may contain one or more BFD RS resources corresponding to the SSB resource / SSB resource index or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index associated with the value 0 of CORESETPoolIndex, and one or more BFD RS resources corresponding to the SSB resource / SSB resource index or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index associated with the value 1 of CORESETPoolIndex.

[0241] The UE can explicitly configure / indicate at least two BFD RS beamsets (S_q0≥2) by the network (e.g., via RRC and / or MAC CE and / or DCI-based signaling), each BFD RS beamset containing at least one (N_q0≥1) BFD RS resource corresponding to a port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index. For example, the UE can configure two BFD RS beamsets (S_q02) q00 and q01 by the network, for example via higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 and

[0242] failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1. Each BFD RS beam set (i.e., q00 or q01 for S_q0 = 2) may contain / include / include one or more BFD RS resources (N_q0 ≥ 1) corresponding to one or more periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indices or SSB resources / SSB indices.

[0243] Various ways of indicating the association between one or more BFD RS resources configured in BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 and one or more PCIs (corresponding to serving cell PCIs or (one or more) non-serving cell PCIs) are presented below.

[0244] In one example (Example-4.1.1), the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01 and thus the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0245] failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 can include / indicate, for example, a PCI value corresponding to the serving cell PCI or the non-serving cell PCI. In the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...),

[0246] The BFD RS resource configured / indicated in failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 corresponds to the SSB resource / SSB index or the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index, which is used to indicate / configure the PCI or associated with it.

[0247] If the configured BFD RS beamset is q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...), then the configuration is correct.

[0248] The failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 does not indicate / include (one or more) any PCI value or the PCI does not exist in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore not in the corresponding higher-level parameter failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0249] If the failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 is in the BFD RS beam set q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...), then the UE can anticipate the failure in the BFD RS beam set q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...).

[0250] The BFD RS resources configured / indicated in failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 are used for serving cell PCI or associated with it.

[0251] In another example (Example-4.1.2), the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01, and therefore the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0252] failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 can include / indicate a one-bit indicator / flag that indicates either the serving cell PCI or the non-serving cell PCI.

[0253] For example, in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0254] The BFD RS resource (where one indicator / flag is set to "1" / "on" / "enabled") configured / indicated in failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1, corresponding to the SSB resource / SSB index or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index, can be used for or associated with the serving cell PCI (or non-serving cell PCI) and in the BFD RS beam set q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameter failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0255] The BFD RS resource configured / indicated in failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1, corresponding to the SSB resource / SSB index or the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index (where one indicator / flag is set to "0" / "off" / "disabled") can be used for or associated with a non-serving cell PCI (or serving cell PCI). If the configured BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...)

[0256] The failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 does not indicate / include a single flag / indicator, or the single flag / indicator does not exist in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore not in the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0257] If the failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 is in the BFD RS beam set q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...), then the UE can anticipate the failure in the BFD RS beam set q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...).

[0258] The BFD RS resources configured / indicated in failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 are used for serving cell PCI or associated with it.

[0259] In yet another example (Example-4.1.3), the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01, and therefore the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0260] failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 can include / indicate multi-bit indicators, where each state of the multi-bit indicator corresponds to a PCI (e.g., serving cell PCI or non-serving cell PCI). In the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...),

[0261] The BFD RS resource configured / indicated in failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1, corresponding to the SSB resource / SSB index or the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index, is used for or associated with a PCI, which is associated with / corresponds to a multi-bit indicator indicated / configured therein. If the configured BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore the corresponding higher-level parameter failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0262] The failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 does not indicate / include multi-bit indicators, or the multi-bit indicators do not exist in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore do not exist in the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0263] If the failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 is in the BFD RS beam set q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...), then the UE can anticipate the failure in the BFD RS beam set q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...).

[0264] The BFD RS resources configured / indicated in failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 are used for serving cell PCI or associated with it.

[0265] In yet another example (Example-4.1.4), the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01, and therefore the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0266] failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 may include / indicate the index of an entry in a set / list / pool of PCIs (e.g., including both serving cell PCIs and non-serving cell PCIs configured to higher layers of the UE). This index is located in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-layer parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...).

[0267] The BFD RS resource configured / indicated in failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 corresponds to the entry indicated in the set / list / pool of PCIs for the SSB resource / SSB index or the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index (and thus the corresponding PCI), or associated with it. If the configured BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01 (and thus the corresponding higher-level parameter failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...) is...

[0268] The `failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1` option does not indicate / include any index of entries in the PCI set / list / pool, or the index of an entry in the PCI set / list / pool does not exist in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore not in the corresponding higher-level parameters `failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList` or `failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0`).

[0269] If the failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 is in the BFD RS beam set q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...), then the UE can anticipate the failure in the BFD RS beam set q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...).

[0270] The BFD RS resources configured / indicated in failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 are used for serving cell PCI or associated with it.

[0271] In yet another example (Example-4.1.5), the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01, and therefore the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0272] failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 can include / indicate an index / ID of another higher-level RRC parameter, which can indicate / include one or more PCI or PCI information.

[0273] In the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...),

[0274] The BFD RS resource configured / indicated in failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 corresponds to the SSB resource / SSB index or the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index for the indicated RRC parameter (and therefore the (one or more) corresponding PCI or PCI information indicated / included therein), or associated with it. If the configured BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore the corresponding higher-level parameter failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0275] The failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 does not indicate / include any index / ID of any other RRC parameter (indicating / including one or more PCI or PCI information) or the index / ID of another higher-level RRC parameter (indicating / including one or more PCI or PCI information) does not exist in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore not in the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0276] If the failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 is in the BFD RS beam set q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...), then the UE can anticipate the failure in the BFD RS beam set q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...).

[0277] The BFD RS resources configured / indicated in failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 are used for serving cell PCI or associated with it.

[0278] In yet another example (Example-4.1.6), the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01, and therefore the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0279] failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 may include / indicate entity IDs. In this disclosure, the entity ID may correspond to a PCI value, a CORESETPoolIndex value, a TRP-specific index / ID value, a TRP-specific higher-layer signaling index / ID value, or a TRP-specific RS set index / ID value.

[0280] In the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...),

[0281] The BFD RS resource configured / indicated in failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 corresponds to the SSB resource / SSB index or the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index for the indicated entity ID (and thus the corresponding PCI value, CORESETPoolIndex value, TRP-specific index / ID value, TRP-specific higher-level signaling index / ID value, or TRP-specific RS set index / ID value), or is associated with it. If the configured BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01 (and thus the corresponding higher-level parameter failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...)

[0282] The `failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1` function does not indicate / include any entity ID or the entity ID does not exist in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore does not exist in the corresponding higher-level parameters `failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList` or `failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0`).

[0283] If the failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 is in the BFD RS beam set q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...), then the UE can anticipate the failure in the BFD RS beam set q0, q00, or q01 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...).

[0284] The BFD RS resources configured / indicated in failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 are used for serving cell PCI or associated with it.

[0285] In yet another example (Example-4.1.7), when the network is configured to perform inter-cell BFR operations, for example, when the network provides / configures a higher-layer parameter InterCellBFR that is set to "enabled" to the UE, (first) BFD RS beamset q00 (e.g., provided by failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0) can be configured for / associated with the serving cell PCI / PCI index (or a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index), and (second) BFD RS beamset q01 (e.g., provided by failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0) can be configured for / associated with the serving cell PCI / PCI index, and (second) BFD RS beamset q01 (e.g., provided by failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0) can be associated with / associated with the serving cell PCI / PCI index, and (third) BFD RS beamset q01 (e.g., provided by failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0).

[0286] The failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 can be configured to be associated with a PCI / PCI index (or the serving cell PCI / PCI index) that is different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index, wherein the PCI index corresponds to / points to a corresponding PCI in a first / second list / set / pool of PCIs, the PCI including (one or more) PCIs that are different from the serving cell PCI or the serving cell PCI.

[0287] Alternatively, when the network provides / configures the higher-layer parameter InterCellBFR, which is set to "enabled," the (first) BFD RS beam set q00 (e.g., provided by failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0) can be configured for the first (or second / last) PCI in the first / second list / set / pool of PCIs, or the lowest (or highest) PCI in the first / second list / set / pool of PCIs, or the PCI index corresponding to / pointing to the lowest (or highest) PCI in the first / second list / set / pool of PCIs, and the (second) BFD RS beam set q01 (e.g., provided by failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1) can be configured for the second / last (or first) PCI in the first / second list / set / pool of PCIs or the highest (or lowest) PCI in the first / second list / set / pool of PCIs or a PCI index corresponding to / pointing to the highest (or lowest) PCI in the first / second list / set / pool of PCIs.

[0288] Optionally, when the network provides / configures a higher-layer parameter InterCellBFR that is set to "enabled" to the UE and there are two different CORESETPoolIndex values ​​0 and 1 in the PDCCH-Config of CORESET, (first) BFD RS beamset q00 (e.g., provided by failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0) can be configured for CORESETPoolIndex value 0 (or 1) / associated with it, and (second) BFD RS beamset q01 (e.g., provided by failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1) can be configured for CORESETPoolIndex value 1 (or 0) / associated with it.

[0289] Furthermore, the first list / set / pool of PCIs can be determined / configured according to the following operations: (1) In one example, the network can (e.g., via higher-level RRC signaling) configure the first list / set / pool of PCIs (e.g., including both serving cell PCI and non-serving cell PCI) to the higher level of the UE; and (2) In another example, the network can (e.g., via higher-level RRC signaling) first configure the second list / set / pool of PCIs (e.g., including both serving cell PCI and non-serving cell PCI) to the higher level of the UE; the UE can then receive a MAC CE activation command / bitmap from the network to activate / indicate one or more entries of the second list / set / pool of PCIs configured by the higher-level RRC as the first list / set / pool of PCIs.

[0290] In yet another example (Example-4.1.8), a set of at least one (e.g., M>1) entity IDs may be included / indicated / configured in a BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01, which includes / indicates / configured a set of at least one (e.g., M>1) BFD RS resources such as SSB resources / SSB indexes or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes.

[0291] In this disclosure, the entity ID may correspond to a PCI value (corresponding to the serving cell PCI or the non-serving cell PCI), an index of an entry in the list of PCIs configured for the UE, a CORESETPoolIndex value, a TRP-specific index / ID value, a TRP-specific higher-layer signaling index / ID value, a TRP-specific RS set index / ID value, a one-bit flag / indicator indicating the serving cell PCI or the non-serving cell PCI, or a multi-bit indicator, wherein each state of the multi-bit indicator corresponds to a different PCI.

[0292] In the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01 (determined by higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...),

[0293] Each entity ID in the set of M entity IDs included / indicated / configured in failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 can correspond to one or more BFD RS resources configured / indicated / included in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01, such as SSB resources / SSB indexes or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes. For example, it can be in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 (e.g., by higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or

[0294] failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0295] The failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 provides a set of M>1 PCI values, where the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01 includes a set of M BFD RS resources, such as SSB resources / SSB indexes or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes. Each PCI in the M>1 indicated PCIs may correspond to a different BFD RS resource, such as an SSB resource / SSB index or a periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index, included / indicated / configured in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01.

[0296] For example, in the case of higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0297] The m-th PCI or the m-th lowest (or m-th highest) PCI value in the set of M>1 PCIs provided by failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 can correspond to the m-th BFD RS resource in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01, such as an SSB resource / SSB index or a periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index, where m = 1, 2, ..., M.

[0298] For example, in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 (e.g., determined by higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...),

[0299] The failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 provides a set of M>1 indices that indicate / configure each pointing to an entry in the first list / set / pool of PCI. The BFD RS beam set q0, q00, or q01 includes a set of M BFD RS resources that indicate / configure, such as SSB resources / SSB indexes or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes.

[0300] Each index in the M>1 indicated index and the corresponding entry / PCI in the first list / set / pool of PCIs can correspond to different BFD RS resources included / indicated / configured in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00 or q01, such as SSB resources / SSB indexes or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes.

[0301] For example, in the case of higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0302] The m-th index in the set of M>1 indices of the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 provided by failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1, and the corresponding entry / PCI in the first list / set / pool of PCIs, can correspond to the m-th BFDRS resource in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01, such as an SSB resource / SSB index or a periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index, where m = 1, 2, ..., M.

[0303] Furthermore, the first list / set / pool of PCIs can be determined / configured according to the following operations: (1) for example, the network can (e.g., via higher-level RRC signaling) configure the first list / set / pool of PCIs (e.g., including both serving cell PCI and non-serving cell PCI) to the higher level of the UE; and (2) again, the network can (e.g., via higher-level RRC signaling) first configure the second list / set / pool of PCIs (e.g., including both serving cell PCI and non-serving cell PCI) to the higher level of the UE; the UE can then receive a MAC CE activation command / bitmap from the network to activate / indicate one or more entries of the second list / set / pool of PCIs configured by the higher-level RRC as the first list / set / pool of PCIs.

[0304] In yet another example (Example-4.1.9), a set of at least one (e.g., M1>1) entity IDs may be included / indicated / configured in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01, which includes / indicates / configured a set of at least one (e.g., M>1) BFD RS resources such as SSB resources / SSB indexes or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes. In this disclosure, the entity ID may correspond to a PCI value (corresponding to the serving cell PCI or non-serving cell PCI), an index of an entry in a list of PCIs configured for the UE, a CORESETPoolIndex value, a TRP-specific index / ID value, a TRP-specific higher-layer signaling index / ID value, a TRP-specific RS set index / ID value, a one-bit flag / indicator indicating the serving cell PCI or non-serving cell PCI, or a multi-bit indicator, wherein each state of the multi-bit indicator corresponds to a different PCI.

[0305] In the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01 (determined by higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...),

[0306] Each entity ID in the set of M1 entity IDs included / indicated / configured in failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 can correspond to one or more BFD RS resources configured / indicated / included in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01, such as SSB resources / SSB indexes or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes.

[0307] For example, in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 (e.g., determined by higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...),...

[0308] The failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 provides a set of M1>1 PCI values, and the BFD RS beam set q0, q00 or q01 includes a set of M BFDRS resources that indicate or configure such as SSB resources / SSB index or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration index.

[0309] Each PCI in the M1>1 indicated PCI can be associated with / linked to a second set of BFD RS resources, such as SSB resources / SSB indexes or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes, which are derived from / indicated / configured BFD RS resources in the first set of BFD RS resources included in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01.

[0310] For example, the network can be configured using higher-level parameters such as failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0311] The failuredetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 provides the UE with respective PCI values ​​from the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01, and PCI-BFDRS association parameters (e.g., M1) from a first set of M BFD RS resources included / configured / indicated in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01, such as SSB resources / SSB indexes or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes. The second set of BFD RS resources indicated in the same PCI-BFDRS association parameter and the PCI value are associated; that is, if they are indicated in the same PCI-BFDRS association parameter, the second set of BFD RS resources is configured for PCI.

[0312] For example, in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 (e.g., determined by higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...),

[0313] The failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 provides a set of M1>1 indices pointing to the first list / set / pool of PCI, which includes a set of M1>1 entries. The BFD RS beam set q0, q00, or q01 includes a set of M BFD RS resources that include an SSB resource / SSB index or a periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index.

[0314] Each index in the M1>1 indicated index and the corresponding entry / PCI in the first list / set / pool of PCIs can be associated with / linked to a second set of BFD RS resources, such as SSB resources / SSB indexes or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes, which are derived from the first set of M BFD RS resources that include / indicate / configurate in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01.

[0315] For example, the network can be configured using higher-level parameters such as failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0316] The failuredetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 provides the UE with (e.g., M1) PCIidx-BFDRS association parameters in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01. Each PCIidx-BFDRS association parameter indicates an entry / index of a PCI in a first set / list / pool of PCIs and a second set of BFD RS resources, such as SSB resources / SSB indexes or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes, from the first set of M BFD RS resources included / configured / indicated in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01.

[0317] The second set and index of BFD RS resources indicated in the same PCIidx-BFDRS association parameter, and therefore the corresponding entries / PCIs in the first set / pool / list of PCIs, are associated. That is, if they are indicated in the same PCIidx-BFDRS association parameter, the second set of BFD RS resources is configured for indexing, and therefore the corresponding entries / PCIs in the first set / pool / list of PCIs.

[0318] Furthermore, the first list / set / pool of PCIs can be determined / configured according to the following operations: (1) for example, the network can (e.g., via higher-level RRC signaling) configure the first list / set / pool of PCIs (e.g., including both serving cell PCI and non-serving cell PCI) to the higher level of the UE; and (2) again, the network can (e.g., via higher-level RRC signaling) first configure the second list / set / pool of PCIs (e.g., including both serving cell PCI and non-serving cell PCI) to the higher level of the UE; the UE can then receive a MAC CE activation command / bitmap from the network to activate / indicate one or more entries of the second list / set / pool of PCIs configured by the higher-level RRC as the first list / set / pool of PCIs.

[0319] In yet another example (Example-4.1.10), a set of at least one (e.g., M1>1) entity IDs may be included / indicated / configured in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01, which includes / indicates / configured a set of at least one (e.g., M>1) BFD RS resources such as SSB resources / SSB indexes or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes.

[0320] In this disclosure, the entity ID may correspond to a PCI value (corresponding to the serving cell PCI or the non-serving cell PCI), an index of an entry in the list of PCIs configured for the UE, a CORESETPoolIndex value, a TRP-specific index / ID value, a TRP-specific higher-layer signaling index / ID value, a TRP-specific RS set index / ID value, a one-bit flag / indicator indicating the serving cell PCI or the non-serving cell PCI, or a multi-bit indicator, wherein each state of the multi-bit indicator corresponds to a different PCI.

[0321] In the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01 (determined by higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...),

[0322] Each entity ID in the set of M1 entity IDs included / indicated / configured in (provided by failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1) can correspond to one or more BFD RS resources configured / indicated / included in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01, such as SSB resources / SSB indexes or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes. The set of M BFD RS resources can be divided / partitioned into M1 BFD RS resource groups, each including / indicating / configuring one or more BFD RS resources. Here, a group of BFD RS resources can be referred to as a BFD RS resource group.

[0323] For example, the r-th BFD RS resource group (e.g., the r-th BFD RS resource group) among M1 BFD RS resource groups (r = 1, ..., M1) may include / include k from a total of M BFD RS resources. r Each BFD RS resource, such as SSB resource / SSB index or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index; therefore,

[0324] In this case, in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01 (determined by higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...),

[0325] Each entity ID in the set of M1 entity IDs included / indicated / configured in failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 can correspond to one or more BFD RS resource groups included / indicated / configured in BFD RS beam sets q0, q00, or q01.

[0326] For example, in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 (e.g., determined by higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...),...

[0327] The failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 provides a set of M1>1 PCI values, where the BFD RS beam set q0, q00, or q01 includes a set of M BFD RS resources such as SSB resources / SSB indexes or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes, which are further divided / segmented into M1 groups of BFD RS resources as discussed above.

[0328] Each PCI in the M1>1 indicated PCI can correspond to a different BFD RS resource group that includes / indicates / configures one or more SSB resources / SSB indices or one or more periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indices in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01. For example, in the higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0329] The r-th PCI or the r-th lowest (or r-th highest) PCI value in the set of M1>1 PCIs provided by failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 can correspond to the r-th BFD RS resource group that includes / indicates / configures one or more SSB resources / SSB indexes or one or more periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes in the M1 BFD RS resource groups divided / partitioned from the set of M>1 BFD RS resources; that is, the r-th BFD RS resource group and the corresponding SSB resources / SSB indexes or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes configured therein are configured for the r-th PCI, where r = 1, 2, ..., M1.

[0330] Optionally, the serving cell PCI may correspond to the s-th BFD RS resource group, which is divided / partitioned from the set of M>1 BFD RS resources, including / indicating / configuring one or more SSB resources / SSB indexes or one or more periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes; that is, the s-th BFD RS resource group and the corresponding SSB resources / SSB indexes or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes configured therein are configured for the serving cell PCI, wherein s can be determined according to: (1) fixed in the system specification or deterministic in each RRC configuration, for example 1 (i.e., the first BFD RS resource group), (2) configured / indicated by the network, or (3) determined autonomously by the UE.

[0331] For example, in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 (e.g., determined by higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...),

[0332] The failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 provides a set of M1>1 indices pointing to the first list / set / pool of PCI, which includes a set of M1>1 entries. The BFD RS beam set q0, q00, or q01 includes a set of M BFD RS resources that include an SSB resource / SSB index or a periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index, which are further subdivided / divided into M1 groups of BFD RS resources as discussed above.

[0333] Each index in the M1>1 indicated index and the corresponding entry / PCI in the first list / set / pool of PCIs can correspond to a different BFD RS resource group that includes / indicates / configures one or more SSB resources / SSB indexes or one or more periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes.

[0334] For example, in the case of higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0335] The r-th index in the set of M1>1 indices provided by failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 and the corresponding entry / PCI in the first list / set / pool of PCIs can correspond to the r-th BFD RS resource group that includes / indicates / configures one or more SSB resources / SSB indices or one or more periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indices in the M1 BFD RS resource groups divided / partitioned from the set of M>1 BFD RS resources; that is, the r-th BFD RS resource group and the corresponding SSB resources / SSB indices or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indices configured therein are configured for the r-th index and the corresponding entry / PCI in the first set / list / pool of PCIs, where r = 1, 2, ..., M1.

[0336] Optionally, the index corresponding to the serving cell PCI in the first set / list / pool of PCIs can correspond to the s-th BFD RS resource group, which is divided / partitioned from the set of M>1 BFD RS resources, including / indicating / configuring one or more SSB resources / SSB indexes or one or more periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes; that is, the s-th BFD RS resource group and therefore the corresponding SSB resources / SSB index or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration index configured therein are configured to point to the index of the serving cell PCI in the first set / list / pool of PCIs and therefore the serving cell PCI, where s can be determined according to: (1) fixed in the system specification or deterministic in each RRC configuration, for example 1 (i.e., the first BFD RS resource group), (2) configured / indicated by the network, or (3) determined autonomously by the UE.

[0337] Furthermore, the first list / set / pool of PCIs can be determined / configured according to the following operations: (1) for example, the network can (e.g., via higher-level RRC signaling) configure the first list / set / pool of PCIs (e.g., including both serving cell PCI and non-serving cell PCI) to the higher level of the UE; and (2) again, the network can (e.g., via higher-level RRC signaling) first configure the second list / set / pool of PCIs (e.g., including both serving cell PCI and non-serving cell PCI) to the higher level of the UE; the UE can then receive a MAC CE activation command / bitmap from the network to activate / indicate one or more entries of the second list / set / pool of PCIs configured by the higher-level RRC as the first list / set / pool of PCIs.

[0338] In yet another example (Example-4.1.11), a set of at least one (e.g., M1>1) entity IDs may be included / indicated / configured in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01, which includes / indicates / configured a set of at least one (e.g., M>1) BFD RS resources such as SSB resources / SSB indexes or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes.

[0339] In this disclosure, the entity ID may correspond to a PCI value (corresponding to the serving cell PCI or the non-serving cell PCI), an index of an entry in the list of PCIs configured for the UE, a CORESETPoolIndex value, a TRP-specific index / ID value, a TRP-specific higher-layer signaling index / ID value, a TRP-specific RS set index / ID value, a one-bit flag / indicator indicating the serving cell PCI or the non-serving cell PCI, or a multi-bit indicator, wherein each state of the multi-bit indicator corresponds to a different PCI.

[0340] In the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01 (determined by higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...),

[0341] Each entity ID in the set of M1 entity IDs included / indicated / configured in failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 can correspond to one or more BFD RS resources configured / indicated / included in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01, such as SSB resources / SSB indexes or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes.

[0342] The network can be configured using higher-level parameters such as failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList / beamFailureDetectionResourceList or failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0343] The failuredetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 provides the UE with M1 BFD RS resource groups from the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01. Each BFD RS resource group includes / indicates / configures one or more BFD RS resources obtained / configured from the set of M BFD RS resources (i.e., BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01).

[0344] Here, a group of BFD RS resources can be referred to as a BFD RS resource group. For example, the r-th configured BFD RS resource group among M1 configured BFD RS resource groups may include / include k resources from a total of M BFD RS resources. r Each BFD RS resource, such as SSB resource / SSB resource index or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index; therefore, Each configured BFD RS resource group can include / indicate / configure an entity ID (e.g., one entity ID from M1 entity IDs).

[0345] For example, each configured BFD RS resource group may include / indicate / configure PCI values. BFD RS resources (SSB resources / SSB indexes or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes) in the BFD RS resource group are configured for the PCI indicated in the same BFD RS resource group.

[0346] Optionally, the s-th configured BFD RS resource group among the M1 configured BFD RS resource groups may include / indicate / configure the serving cell PCI; that is, the SSB resource / SSB index or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index in the s-th BFD RS resource group is configured for the serving cell PCI, where s can be determined according to: (1) fixed in the system specification or deterministic in each RRC configuration, such as 1 (i.e., the first BFD RS resource group), (2) configured / indicated by the network, or (3) determined autonomously by the UE.

[0347] For example, each configured BFD RS resource group may include / indicate / configure an index pointing to an entry / PCI in the first set / list / pool of PCIs. BFD RS resources (SSB resources / SSB indexes or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes) in the BFD RS resource group are configured for the index indicated in the same BFD RS resource group and, therefore, the corresponding entry / PCI in the first list / set / pool of PCIs.

[0348] Optionally, the s-th configured BFD RS resource group among the M1 configured BFD RS resource groups may include / indicate / configure an index corresponding to the serving cell PCI in the first set / list / pool of PCIs; that is, the SSB resource / SSB index or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index in the s-th BFD RS resource group is configured to point to the index of the serving cell PCI in the first set / list / pool of PCIs and thus the serving cell PCI, where s can be determined according to: (1) fixed in the system specification or deterministic in each RRC configuration, such as 1 (i.e., the first BFD RS resource group), (2) configured / indicated by the network, or (3) determined autonomously by the UE.

[0349] Furthermore, the first list / set / pool of PCIs can be determined / configured according to the following operations: (1) for example, the network can (e.g., via higher-level RRC signaling) configure the first list / set / pool of PCIs (e.g., including both serving cell PCI and non-serving cell PCI) to the higher level of the UE; and (2) again, the network can (e.g., via higher-level RRC signaling) first configure the second list / set / pool of PCIs (e.g., including both serving cell PCI and non-serving cell PCI) to the higher level of the UE; the UE can then receive a MAC CE activation command / bitmap from the network to activate / indicate one or more entries of the second list / set / pool of PCIs configured by the higher-level RRC as the first list / set / pool of PCIs.

[0350] As discussed above, the BFD RS resources in BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 can correspond to, for example, periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indices provided by the higher-layer parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource. If PCI information / values ​​are indicated / included in the corresponding parameters configuring the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indices (e.g., in the higher-layer parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource), then the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indices provided by the higher-layer parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource, and therefore the corresponding BFD RS resources in BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01, can be used for or associated with PCI (e.g., corresponding to non-serving cell PCI).

[0351] In one example (Example-4.1.12), the parameters configuring the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index (e.g., the higher-layer parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource) may include / indicate a PCI value, for example, corresponding to the serving cell PCI or the non-serving cell PCI. The periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index provided by the higher-layer parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource, and therefore the corresponding BFD RS resource in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01, are used to indicate / configure or associate with the PCI in the same NZP-CSI-RS-Resource.

[0352] If the higher-level parameter (e.g., NZP-CSI-RS-Resource) configuring the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index does not indicate / include (one or more) any PCI value, or if the PCI is not present in the higher-level parameter (e.g., NZP-CSI-RS-Resource) configuring the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index, the UE can expect that the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index provided by the higher-level parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource and the corresponding BFD RS resource in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00 or q01 are used for the serving cell PCI or associated with it.

[0353] In another example (Example-4.1.13), the parameters for configuring the periodic port 1 CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index (e.g., higher-level parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource) may include / indicate a one-bit indicator / flag that also indicates the serving cell PCI or the non-serving cell PCI. For example, the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index provided by the higher-layer parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource, and therefore the corresponding BFD RS resource in the BFD RS beam set q0, q00, or q01 (where one indicator / flag is set to "1" / "on" / "enabled") can be used for or associated with the serving cell PCI (or non-serving cell PCI), and the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index provided by the higher-layer parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource, and therefore the corresponding BFD RS resource in the BFD RS beam set q0, q00, or q01 (where one indicator / flag is set to "0" / "off" / "disabled") can be used for or associated with the non-serving cell PCI (or serving cell PCI).

[0354] If the higher-level parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource that configures the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index does not indicate / include a flag / indicator, or if a flag / indicator is not present in the higher-level parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource that configures the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index, the UE can expect that the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index provided by the higher-level parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource and the corresponding BFD RS resource in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00 or q01 are used for serving cell PCI or associated with it.

[0355] In yet another example (Example-4.1.14), the parameters configuring the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index (e.g., the higher-layer parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource) may include / indicate multi-bit indicators, where each state of the multi-bit indicator corresponds to a PCI (e.g., serving cell PCI or non-serving cell PCI). The periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index provided by the higher-layer parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource, and therefore the corresponding BFD RS resource in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01, are used to associate with or be associated with the PCI corresponding to / indicated by the multi-bit indicator indicated / configured in the same NZP-CSI-RS-Resource.

[0356] If the higher-level parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource that configures the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index does not indicate / include a multi-bit indicator, or if the multi-bit indicator is not present in the higher-level parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource that configures the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index, then the UE can expect that the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index provided by the higher-level parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource and the corresponding BFD RS resource in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00 or q01 are used for serving cell PCI or associated with it.

[0357] In yet another example (Example-4.1.15), the parameter configuring the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index (e.g., the higher-layer parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource) may include / indicate an index pointing to an entry in a first set / list / pool of PCIs (e.g., including both the serving cell PCI and non-serving cell PCI configured for the UE). The periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index provided by the higher-layer parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource, and therefore the corresponding BFD RS resource in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01, are used for or associated with the index indicated in the same NZP-CSI-RS-Resource and therefore the corresponding entry / PCI in the first set / list / pool of PCIs.

[0358] If the higher-level parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource that configures the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index does not indicate / include any index of entries in the first set / list / pool of PCI, or if the index of entries in the first set / list / pool of PCI does not exist in the higher-level parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource that configures the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index, then the UE can expect that the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index provided by the higher-level parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource and the corresponding BFD RS resource in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00 or q01 are used for serving cell PCI or associated with it.

[0359] Furthermore, the first list / set / pool of PCIs can be determined / configured according to the following operations: (1) for example, the network can (e.g., via higher-level RRC signaling) configure the first list / set / pool of PCIs (e.g., including both serving cell PCI and non-serving cell PCI) to the higher level of the UE; and (2) again, the network can (e.g., via higher-level RRC signaling) first configure the second list / set / pool of PCIs (e.g., including both serving cell PCI and non-serving cell PCI) to the higher level of the UE; the UE can then receive a MAC CE activation command / bitmap from the network to activate / indicate one or more entries of the second list / set / pool of PCIs configured by the higher-level RRC as the first list / set / pool of PCIs.

[0360] In yet another example (Example-4.1.16), the parameter configuring the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index (e.g., the higher-level parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource) may include / indicate an index / ID of another higher-level RRC parameter in which one or more PCI or PCI information may be indicated / included. The periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index provided by the higher-level parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource, and therefore the corresponding BFD RS resource in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01, is used for or associated with the RRC parameter indicated in the same NZP-CSI-RS-Resource (and therefore the corresponding PCI or PCI information indicated / included therein).

[0361] If the higher-level parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource that configures the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index does not indicate / include any index / ID of any other RRC parameter that indicates / includes one or more PCI or PCI information, or if the index / ID of another higher-level RRC parameter that indicates / includes one or more PCI or PCI information does not exist in the higher-level parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource that configures the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index, then the UE can expect that the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index provided by the higher-level parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource and the corresponding BFD RS resource in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00 or q01 are used for serving cell PCI or associated with it.

[0362] In yet another example (Example-4.1.17), the parameter configuring the periodic port 1 CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index (e.g., the higher-level parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource) may include / indicate an entity ID. In this disclosure, the entity ID may correspond to a PCI value, a CORESETPoolIndex value, a TRP-specific index / ID value, a TRP-specific higher-level signaling index / ID value, or a TRP-specific RS set index / ID value. The periodic port 1 CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index provided by the higher-level parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource, and therefore the corresponding BFDRS resource in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01, is used for or associated with the entity ID indicated in the same NZP-CSI-RS-Resource (and therefore the corresponding PCI value, CORESETPoolIndex value, TRP-specific index / ID value, TRP-specific higher-level signaling index / ID value, or TRP-specific RS set index / ID value).

[0363] If the higher-level parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource that configures the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index does not indicate / include any entity ID, or if the entity ID does not exist in the higher-level parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource that configures the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index, the UE can expect that the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index provided by the higher-level parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource and the corresponding BFD RS resource in the BFDRS beamset q0, q00 or q01 are used for serving cell PCI or associated with it.

[0364] In yet another example (Example-4.1.18), the periodic port 1 CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index can be quasi-co-located (QCL) with the SSB resource / SSB resource index associated with the entity ID. In this disclosure, the entity ID can correspond to a PCI value, a PCI index pointing to / corresponding to an entry / PCI in a list of PCIs configured to higher layers of the UE, a CORESETPoolIndex value, a TRP-specific index / ID value, a TRP-specific higher-layer signaling index / ID value, or a TRP-specific RS set index / ID value.

[0365] For example, an SSB resource / SSB resource index can be configured as a QCL source RS in a TCI state, and the corresponding TCI state ID / index can be indicated in the parameters configuring the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index (e.g., the higher-level parameter NZP-CSI-RS-Resource). In this case, the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index is said to be quasi-co-located (QCL) with the SSB resource / SSB resource index and associated with the same entity ID as the entity ID associated with the SSB resource / SSB resource index.

[0366] Therefore, if the periodic port 1 CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index is configured as a BFD RS resource in BFD RS beamset q0, q00 or q01, the BFD RS resource is used for entity ID (and thus the corresponding PCI value, the PCI index pointing to / corresponding to an entry in the list of PCIs configured to higher layers of the UE, the CORESETPoolIndex value, the TRP-specific index / ID value, the TRP-specific higher-layer signaling index / ID or the TRP-specific RS set index / ID value) or associated with it.

[0367] As discussed above, the BFD RS resources in BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 can correspond to, for example, SSB resources / SSB indices provided by the higher-layer parameter SSB-Index. If PCI information / values ​​are indicated / included in the corresponding parameters configuring the SSB resources / SSB indices (e.g., in the higher-layer parameter SSB-Index), then the SSB resources / SSB indices provided by the higher-layer parameter SSB-Index, and therefore the corresponding BFD RS resources in BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01, can be used for or associated with PCI (e.g., corresponding to non-serving cell PCI).

[0368] In one example (Example-4.1.19), the parameters configuring SSB resources / SSB indexes (e.g., higher-layer parameters SSB-Index) may include / indicate a PCI value, for example, corresponding to the serving cell PCI or non-serving cell PCI. The SSB resources / SSB indexes provided by the higher-layer parameters SSB-Index, and therefore the corresponding BFD RS resources in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01, are used to indicate / configure or associate with the PCI in the same SSB-Index.

[0369] If the higher-level parameter (e.g., SSB-Index) configuring SSB resources / SSB indexes does not indicate / include (one or more) any PCI value, or if the PCI does not exist in the higher-level parameter (e.g., SSB-Index) configuring SSB resources / SSB indexes, the UE can expect that the SSB resources / SSB indexes provided by the higher-level parameter SSB-Index, and therefore the corresponding BFD RS resources in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01, are used for the serving cell PCI or associated with it.

[0370] In another example (Example-4.1.20), the parameters configuring SSB resources / SSB indexes (e.g., the higher-layer parameter SSB-Index) may include / indicate a one-bit indicator / flag that in turn indicates the serving cell PCI or the non-serving cell PCI. For example, the SSB resources / SSB index provided by the higher-layer parameter SSB-Index, and therefore the corresponding BFD RS resources in BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 (where a one-bit indicator / flag is set to "1" / "on" / "enabled"), can be used for or associated with the serving cell PCI (or the non-serving cell PCI), and the SSB resources / SSB index provided by the higher-layer parameter SSB-Index, and therefore the corresponding BFD RS resources in BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 (where a one-bit indicator / flag is set to "0" / "off" / "disabled"), can be used for or associated with the non-serving cell PCI (or the serving cell PCI).

[0371] If the higher-layer parameter SSB-Index that configures the SSB resource / SSB index does not indicate / include a flag / indicator, or if a flag / indicator is not present in the higher-layer parameter SSB-Index that configures the SSB resource / SSB index, the UE can expect that the SSB resource / SSB index provided by the higher-layer parameter SSB-Index and the corresponding BFD RS resource in the BFD RS beam set q0, q00 or q01 will be used for or associated with the serving cell PCI.

[0372] In yet another example (Example-4.1.21), the parameters configuring SSB resources / SSB indexes (e.g., higher-layer parameter SSB-Index) may include / indicate multi-bit indicators, where each state of the multi-bit indicator corresponds to a PCI (e.g., serving cell PCI or non-serving cell PCI). The SSB resources / SSB indexes provided by the higher-layer parameter SSB-Index, and therefore the corresponding BFDRS resources in the BFDRS beamsets q0, q00, or q01, are used to associate with or be associated with the PCI indicated / configured in the same SSB-Index.

[0373] If the higher-layer parameter SSB-Index that configures the SSB resource / SSB index does not indicate / include a multi-bit indicator, or if the multi-bit indicator does not exist in the higher-layer parameter SSB-Index that configures the SSB resource / SSB index, the UE can expect that the SSB resource / SSB index provided by the higher-layer parameter SSB-Index and the corresponding BFD RS resource in the BFD RS beam set q0, q00 or q01 will be used for or associated with the serving cell PCI.

[0374] In yet another example (Example-4.1.22), the parameter configuring the SSB resource / SSB index (e.g., the higher-layer parameter SSB-Index) may include / indicate an index pointing to an entry in a first set / list / pool of PCIs (e.g., including both the serving cell PCI and the non-serving cell PCI configured for the UE). The SSB resource / SSB index provided by the higher-layer parameter SSB-Index, and therefore the corresponding BFD RS resource in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01, is used for or associated with the index indicated in the same SSB-Index and therefore the corresponding entry / PCI in the first set / list / pool of PCIs.

[0375] If the higher-level parameter SSB-Index that configures the SSB resource / SSB index does not indicate / include any index of entries in the first set / list / pool of PCI, or if the index of entries in the first set / list / pool of PCI does not exist in the higher-level parameter SSB-Index that configures the SSB resource / SSB index, then the UE can expect the SSB resource / SSB index provided by the higher-level parameter SSB-Index and the corresponding BFD RS resource in the BFD RS beam set q0, q00 or q01 to be used for serving cell PCI or associated with it.

[0376] Furthermore, the first list / set / pool of PCIs can be determined / configured according to the following operations: (1) for example, the network can (e.g., via higher-level RRC signaling) configure the first list / set / pool of PCIs (e.g., including both serving cell PCI and non-serving cell PCI) to the higher level of the UE; and (2) again, the network can (e.g., via higher-level RRC signaling) first configure the second list / set / pool of PCIs (e.g., including both serving cell PCI and non-serving cell PCI) to the higher level of the UE; the UE can then receive a MAC CE activation command / bitmap from the network to activate / indicate one or more entries of the second list / set / pool of PCIs configured by the higher-level RRC as the first list / set / pool of PCIs.

[0377] In yet another example (Example-4.1.23), the parameter configuring the SSB resource / SSB index (e.g., the higher-level parameter SSB-Index) may include / indicate an index / ID of another higher-level RRC parameter in which one or more PCI or PCI information may be indicated / included. The SSB resource / SSB index provided by the higher-level parameter SSB-Index, and therefore the corresponding BFD RS resource in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01, is used for or associated with the RRC parameter indicated in the same SSB-Index (and therefore the (one or more) corresponding PCI or PCI information indicated / included therein).

[0378] If the higher-level parameter SSB-Index that configures the SSB resource / SSB index does not indicate / include any index / ID of any other RRC parameter that indicates / includes one or more PCI or PCI information, or if the index / ID of another higher-level RRC parameter that indicates / includes one or more PCI or PCI information does not exist in the higher-level parameter SSB-Index that configures the SSB resource / SSB index, the UE can expect that the SSB resource / SSB index provided by the higher-level parameter SSB-Index and the corresponding BFDRS resource in the BFDRS beam set q0, q00 or q01 are used for serving cell PCI or associated with it.

[0379] In yet another example (Example-4.1.24), the parameters configuring the SSB resource / SSB index (e.g., the higher-level parameter SSB-Index) may include / indicate an entity ID. In this disclosure, the entity ID may correspond to a PCI value, a CORESETPoolIndex value, a TRP-specific index / ID value, a TRP-specific higher-level signaling index / ID value, or a TRP-specific RS set index / ID value. The SSB resource / SSB index provided by the higher-level parameter SSB-Index, and therefore the corresponding BFD RS resource in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01, is used for or associated with the entity ID indicated in the same SSB-Index (and therefore the corresponding PCI value, CORESETPoolIndex value, TRP-specific index / ID value, TRP-specific higher-level signaling index / ID value, or TRP-specific RS set index / ID value).

[0380] If the higher-level parameter SSB-Index that configures the SSB resource / SSB index does not indicate / include any entity ID, or if the entity ID does not exist in the higher-level parameter SSB-Index that configures the SSB resource / SSB index, the UE can expect that the SSB resource / SSB index provided by the higher-level parameter SSB-Index and the corresponding BFD RS resource in the BFD RS beam set q0, q00 or q01 will be used for serving cell PCI or associated with it.

[0381] If the UE has not configured any BFD RS resources by the network via one or more of the explicit BFD RS resource configuration methods / options discussed above, the UE may determine the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index or SSB resource / SSB index, which is indicated / configured as a QCL-Type D (i.e., spatially co-located) source RS in the corresponding PDCCH received active TCI state in the CORESET, as a BFD RS in the BFD RS beam set (e.g., q0), wherein the active TCI state or CORESET received by the PDCCH may be associated with / linked to a PCI (e.g., corresponding to the serving cell PCI or the non-serving cell PCI).

[0382] Optionally, the UE may determine S_q0 (S_q0≥2) BFD RS beam sets (q00 and q01 for S_q0=2), each BFD RS beam set containing N_q0 (N_q0≥1) BFD RS resources; the BFD RS resources in each BFD RS beam set (q00 or q01 for S_q0=2) may correspond to a periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index or SSB resource / SSB index with the same value as the QCL-TypeD source RS index indicated in the active TCI state of the PDCCH received in the corresponding CORESET used by the UE to monitor (one or more) PDCCHs, wherein one or more of the active TCI states of the PDCCH received or one or more of the corresponding CORESETs may be associated with / linked to a PCI (e.g., corresponding to the serving cell PCI or the non-serving cell PCI).

[0383] Various ways of determining BFD RS resources for PCI (e.g., corresponding to serving cell PCI or non-serving cell PCI) in BFD RS beam sets q0, q00, or q01 are presented as examples below.

[0384] In one example (Example-4.1.25), the BFD RS resources in BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 may correspond to periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indices or SSB resources / SSB indices with the same values ​​as the QCL-TypeD source RS index indicated by the active TCI state of the PDCCH received in the CORESET, wherein the CORESET is configured with a CORESETPoolIndex (e.g., 0 or 1) associated with a PCI. For example, a CORESETPoolIndex value of 0 is associated with the serving cell PCI, while a CORESETPoolIndex value of 1 is associated with the non-serving cell PCI. In this case, the BFD RS resources in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01 corresponding to the QCL-TypeD source RS index with the same value as the active TCI state indicated by the PDCCH reception in a CORESET with a configured CORESETPoolIndex, can be used for the PCI associated with the CORESETPoolIndex.

[0385] In another example (Example-4.1.26), the BFD RS resources in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01 may correspond to a periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index or SSB resource / SSB index with the same value as the QCL-TypeD source RS index indicated by the active TCI state received by the PDCCH in the CORESET, where the active TCI state received by the PDCCH may be associated with a PCI (corresponding to the serving cell PCI or the non-serving cell PCI), and therefore, the BFD RS resources are used for the PCI.

[0386] For example, parameters configuring the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET (e.g., higher-level parameters TCI-State / QCL-Info) may include / indicate a PCI value. In this case, a BFD RS resource in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01, corresponding to a periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index or SSB resource / SSB index having the same value as the QCL-TypeD source RS index indicated in the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET, is used to indicate / configure the PCI in the parameters configuring the active TCI state of PDCCH reception. If the parameters configuring the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET (e.g., higher-layer parameters TCI-State / QCL-Info) do not include / indicate any PCI value, or if the PCI value is not present in the parameters configuring the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET (e.g., higher-layer parameters TCI-State / QCL-Info), then the BFD RS resources in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 corresponding to the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index or SSB resource / SSB index that have the same value as the QCL-TypeD source RS index indicated in the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET are used for serving cell PCI.

[0387] For example, parameters configuring the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET (e.g., higher-layer parameters TCI-State / QCL-Info) may include / indicate a one-bit flag / indicator indicating the serving cell PCI or non-serving cell PCI. For instance, the serving cell PCI is indicated by setting a one-bit flag / indicator to "0", while the non-serving cell PCI is indicated by setting a one-bit flag / indicator to "1". In this case, the BFD RS resources in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 corresponding to the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index or SSB resource / SSB index with the same value as the QCL-TypeD source RS index indicated in the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET are used for PCI, which is indicated by the one-bit flag / indicator indicated / configured in the parameters configuring the active TCI state of PDCCH reception.

[0388] If the parameters configuring the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET (e.g., higher-layer parameters TCI-State / QCL-Info) do not include / indicate a flag / indicator, or if a flag / indicator is not present in the parameters configuring the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET (e.g., higher-layer parameters TCI-State / QCL-Info), then the BFD RS resources in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 corresponding to the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index or SSB resource / SSB index that have the same value as the QCL-TypeD source RS index indicated in the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET are used for serving cell PCI.

[0389] However, for example, parameters configuring the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET (e.g., higher-layer parameters TCI-State / QCL-Info) may include / indicate multi-bit indicators, where each state of the multi-bit indicator indicates a PCI (e.g., corresponding to the serving cell PCI or the non-serving cell PCI). In this case, BFD RS resources in BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01, corresponding to periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes or SSB resources / SSB indexes with the same value as the QCL-TypeD source RS index indicated in the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET, are used for the PCI, which is indicated by the multi-bit indicator indicated / configured in the parameters configuring the active TCI state of PDCCH reception.

[0390] If the parameters configuring the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET (e.g., higher-layer parameters TCI-State / QCL-Info) do not include / indicate a multi-bit indicator, or if the multi-bit indicator is not present in the parameters configuring the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET (e.g., higher-layer parameters TCI-State / QCL-Info), then the BFD RS resources in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 corresponding to the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index or SSB resource / SSB index that have the same value as the QCL-TypeD source RS index indicated in the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET are used for serving cell PCI.

[0391] However, for example, parameters configuring the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET (e.g., higher-layer parameters TCI-State / QCL-Info) may include / indicate an index pointing to an entry in the first set / list / pool of PCIs (e.g., including both the serving cell PCI and (one or more) non-serving cell PCIs). In this case, the BFD RS resources in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01 corresponding to the entry / PCI in the first set / list / pool of PCIs for the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration index or SSB resource / SSB index, which have the same value as the QCL-TypeD source RS index indicated in the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET, are indicated by the index indicated / configured in the parameters configuring the active TCI state of PDCCH reception.

[0392] If the parameters configuring the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET (e.g., higher-layer parameters TCI-State / QCL-Info) do not include / indicate an index pointing to an entry in the first set / list / pool of PCI, or if the index pointing to an entry in the first set / list / pool of PCI does not exist in the parameters configuring the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET (e.g., higher-layer parameters TCI-State / QCL-Info), then the BFD RS resources in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 corresponding to the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index or SSB resource / SSB index having the same value as the QCL-TypeD source RS index indicated in the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET are used to serve the cell PCI.

[0393] Furthermore, the first list / set / pool of PCIs can be determined / configured according to the following operations: (1) for example, the network can (e.g., via higher-level RRC signaling) configure the first list / set / pool of PCIs (e.g., including both serving cell PCI and non-serving cell PCI) to the higher level of the UE; and (2) again, the network can (e.g., via higher-level RRC signaling) first configure the second list / set / pool of PCIs (e.g., including both serving cell PCI and non-serving cell PCI) to the higher level of the UE; the UE can then receive a MAC CE activation command / bitmap from the network to activate / indicate one or more entries of the second list / set / pool of PCIs configured by the higher-level RRC as the first list / set / pool of PCIs.

[0394] However, parameters configuring the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET (e.g., higher-level parameters TCI-State / QCL-Info) may include / indicate an entity ID. In this disclosure, the entity ID may correspond to a PCI value, a CORESETPoolIndex value, a TRP-specific index / ID value, a TRP-specific higher-level signaling index / ID value, or a TRP-specific RS set index / ID value. In this case, the BFD RS resource in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01, corresponding to a periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index or SSB resource / SSB index with the same value as the QCL-TypeD source RS index indicated in the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET, is used to indicate / configure the entity ID in the parameters configuring the active TCI state of PDCCH reception.

[0395] If the parameters configuring the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET (e.g., higher-layer parameters TCI-State / QCL-Info) do not include / indicate the entity ID, or if the entity ID does not exist in the parameters configuring the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET (e.g., higher-layer parameters TCI-State / QCL-Info), then the BFDRS resources in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 corresponding to the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index or SSB resource / SSB index that have the same value as the QCL-TypeD source RS index indicated in the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET are used for serving cell PCI.

[0396] However, for example, the parameters configuring the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET (e.g., higher-layer parameters TCI-State / QCL-Info) may include / indicate an index / ID of another higher-layer RRC parameter that configures the following: including but not limited to non-serving cell information for one or more PCIs, non-serving cell SSB information (such as SSB time-domain location, SSB frequency, SSB transmit power), etc. In this case, the BFD RS resources in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01 corresponding to the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index or SSB resource / SSB index with the same value as the QCL-TypeD source RS index indicated in the active TCI state of PDCCH reception in the CORESET are used for (one or more) non-serving cells indicated in the RRC parameters configuring non-serving cell information, which is indicated by the index / ID of the RRC parameter indicated / configured in the parameters configuring the active TCI state of PDCCH reception.

[0397] If the parameters configuring the active TCI state of the PDCCH received in the CORESET (e.g., higher-layer parameters TCI-State / QCL-Info) do not include / indicate the index / ID of the RRC parameter that configures non-serving cell information, or if the index / ID of the RRC parameter that configures non-serving cell information does not exist in the parameters configuring the active TCI state of the PDCCH received in the CORESET (e.g., higher-layer parameters TCI-State / QCL-Info), then the BFD RS resources in the BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 corresponding to the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index or SSB resource / SSB index that have the same value as the QCL-TypeD source RS index indicated in the active TCI state of the PDCCH received in the CORESET are used for the serving cell PCI.

[0398] In this disclosure, a first list / set / pool of up to N_tot_tci (e.g., N_tot_tci = 128) TCI states or TCI state IDs can be provided to the UE in the PDSCH-Config, wherein each TCI state in the first list / set / pool (or the TCI state corresponding to each TCI state ID) can be provided by DLorJointTCIState or UL-TCIState configuration. Each TCI state among the N_tot_tci TCI states may include / include / indicate one or more reference signals (RS) or RS indices for quasi-co-addressing of the DM-RS of the PDSCH and the DM-RS, CSI-RS of the PDCCH, and provide a reference for determining the PUSCH and PUCCH resources for dynamic licensing and configuration-based licensing, as well as the UL transmit space filter of the SRS. Furthermore, one or more of the RS or RS indices indicated / included / included in the N_tot_tci TCI states can be used to configure (one or more) BFD RS or (one or more) NBI RS. For example, the UE can be configured / provided by the network with a second list / set / pool of N_tot_rs (e.g., 1≤N_tot_rs≤N_tot_tci) TCI states or TCI state IDs, wherein each TCI state in the second list / set / pool (or the TCI state corresponding to each TCI state ID) can be configured and provided by DLorJointTCIState or UL-TCIState and can be mapped to the TCI states or TCI state IDs in the first list / set / pool.

[0399] In one example (Example-4.A), the second list / set / pool of TCI states / TCI state IDs corresponds to or is the same as the first list / set / pool of TCI states / TCI state IDs. For this case, N_tot_rs = N_tot_tci.

[0400] In another example (Example-4.B), the mapping between N_tot_rs TCI states / TCI state IDs in the second list / set / pool of N_tot_rs TCI states / TCI state IDs and one or more (e.g., N_tot_rs) TCI states / TCI state IDs in the first list / set / pool of N_tot_tci TCI states / TCI state IDs is fixed or configured at a higher level (e.g., via RRC signaling).

[0401] In another example (Example-4.C), the UE can receive a MAC CE activation / subselection command from the network to activate N_tot_rs TCI states / TCI state IDs from a first list / set / pool of N_tot_tci TCI states / TCI state IDs as N_tot_rs TCI states / TCI state IDs in a second list / set / pool. For example, the MAC CE command may include / contain a bitmap of length N_tot_tci, where each bit position in the bitmap corresponds to a TCI state / TCI state ID in the first list / set / pool of TCI states / TCI state IDs. If a bit position in the bitmap is set to "1", the corresponding TCI state / TCI state ID in the first list / set / pool of TCI states / TCI state IDs is activated / selected as a TCI state / TCI state ID in the second list / set / pool of TCI states / TCI state IDs. The MAC CE command / bitmap may contain N_tot_rs bit positions set to "1".

[0402] In yet another example (Example-4.D), the second list / set / pool of TCI states / TCI state IDs may contain / include (N_tot_rs) kinds of TCI states / TCI state IDs from the first list / set / pool of TCI states / TCI state IDs, which are reserved / configured / activated for receiving / monitoring (one or more) PDCCH candidates in (one or more) CORESETs.

[0403] In the second list / set / pool of TCI states / TCI state IDs, N_tot_rs of TCI states indicate / include / contain RS or RS indices (e.g., at least N_tot_rs (QCL-typeD) RS or RS indices) that can be used to configure one or more BFD RS / NBI RS. In this disclosure, at least N_tot_rs (QCL-typeD) RS or RS indices are represented as a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices. Furthermore, the first list / set / pool of TCI status / TCI status IDs, the second list / set / pool of TCI status / TCI status IDs, or the MAC CE activation / subselect command in Example-4.C may contain / include / indicate an entity ID, wherein the entity ID may correspond to a PCI, a PCI index pointing to / corresponding to an entry / PCI from a list / set / pool of PCIs configured to a higher layer of the UE, a value of CORESETPoolIndex, a value of CORESETGroupIndex, a bit flag indicator, a CORESET pool ID / index, a CORESET group ID / index, a CORESET ID / index, a TCI status ID / index, a TRP-specific index / ID value, a TRP-specific higher-layer signaling index / ID value, or a TRP-specific RS set index / ID value.

[0404] The UE can receive one or more MAC CE commands, one or more MAC CE activation / subselection commands, or one or more bitmaps from the network to configure or update the BFD RS beamset corresponding to the SSB index or the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index—for example, one or more BFD RSs (corresponding to one or more SSB indices or one or more periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration indices) configured according to the design examples 4.1.1 to 4.1.26 of this disclosure. In this case, the one or more MAC CE commands, one or more MAC CE activation / subselection commands, or one or more bitmaps and the corresponding configuration methods can follow those specified in Examples 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, or 1.10 of this disclosure.

[0405] When the UE is provided by the network with two BFD RS beam sets q00 and q01 configured according to the design examples Example-4.1.1 to Example-4.1.26 in this disclosure, the UE can receive one or more MAC CE commands or one or more MAC CE activation / subselection commands or one or more bitmaps from the network to configure or update one or more BFD RS in set q00 or q01 (corresponding to one or more SSB indices or one or more periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration indices).

[0406] In one example (Example-4.a.1), the network may first configure a list / set / pool of N_tot_rs RS resource indices (e.g., corresponding to SSB indices or CSI-RS resource configuration indices) to the higher-level RRC of the UE. The UE can then receive a MAC CE activation / subselection command from the network to activate or select one or more RS indices from the pool of higher-level RRC configuration of the RS indices, or one or more RS indices from the list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as one or more BFD RSs in set q00 or q01.

[0407] The MAC CE activation / subselect command may also include / indicate an entity ID. In this disclosure, the entity ID may correspond to a BFD RS beamset ID / index, an NBI RS beamset ID / index, a PCI, a PCI index pointing to / corresponding to an entry / PCI from a list / set / pool of PCIs configured to a higher layer of the UE, a value of CORESETPoolIndex, a value of CORESETGroupIndex, a bit flag indicator, a CORESET pool ID / index, a CORESET group ID / index, a CORESET ID / index, a TCI status ID / index, a TRP-specific index / ID value, a TRP-specific higher-layer signaling index / ID value, or a TRP-specific RS set index / ID value.

[0408] For example, a MAC CE activation / subselection command may contain an entity ID (e.g., a BFD RS beamset index / ID) and a total of N_tot_rs bit positions, where each bit position corresponds to an RS index in a pool of higher-level RRC configurations of the RS index or an RS index in a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices. If a bit position in the MAC CE activation / subselection command indicating / configuring the entity ID is set to "1", the corresponding RS index from the pool of higher-level RRC configurations of the RS index or from the list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices is activated / selected as a BFD RS associated with the indicated entity ID in set q00 or q01. A MAC CE activation / subselection command may contain more than one (e.g., N_q0 > 1) bit positions configured to "1".

[0409] For example, the UE can first be determined by the network, for example via higher-level parameters such as failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0410] The failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 provides one or more first BFD RSs in BFD RS beamset q00 or q01 corresponding to the SSB index or the periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index. The UE can then receive a MAC CE activation / subselect command from the network as described above, thereby indicating / configuring the entity ID (e.g., BFD RS beamset index / ID) and activating / selecting one or more RS indices from a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS indices or from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as one or more second BFD RSs in set q00 or q01 associated with the indicated entity ID. That is, in this case, BFD RS beamset q00 or q01 may contain the first BFD RS configured for higher-level RRC and the second BFD RS activated by MAC CE.

[0411] For example, as discussed above, a BFD RS beamset q00 or q01 can contain N_q0 BFD RSs, each corresponding to an SSB index or a periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index. The UE can receive a MAC CE activation / subselect command from the network as described above, indicating / configuring an entity ID (e.g., BFD RS beamset index / ID) and activating / selecting N_q0 RS indices from a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS indices or from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as N_q0 BFD RSs associated with the indicated entity ID in set q00 or q01. The MAC CE activation / subselect command can contain an entity ID (e.g., BFD RS beamset index / ID) and N_q0 bits configured as "1".

[0412] However, for example, the UE can first be determined by the network, for example via higher-level parameters such as failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0413] failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 provides N_q0 BFD RSs in BFD RS beamset q00 or q01 corresponding to the SSB index or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index. The UE can then receive a first MAC CE activation / subselect command from the network as described above, thereby configuring / indicating the entity ID (e.g., BFD RS beamset index / ID) and activating / selecting a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS index or N_q0' RS indices from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices.

[0414] The UE can also receive from the network a second MAC CE command / bitmap that configures / indicates an entity ID (e.g., a BFD RS beamset index / ID) containing a total of N_q0 bit positions (where each bit position corresponds to a BFD RS in set q00 or q01). The entity ID configured / indicated in the first MAC CE activation / subselect command can be the same as the entity ID configured / indicated in the second MAC CE command / bitmap. If a bit position in the second MAC CE command / bitmap that configures / indicates the entity ID is set to "1", the corresponding BFD RS in BFD RS beamset q00 or q01 associated with the indicated entity ID can be replaced / updated by the RS index corresponding to the bit position in the second MAC CE command / bitmap that configures / indicates the entity ID—activated / selected by the first MAC CE activation / subselect command that configures / indicates the entity ID from a pool of higher-level RRC configurations of the RS index or from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices.

[0415] For this example, the second MAC CE command / bitmap configuring / indicating the entity ID may contain N_q0' bit positions configured as "1", and the N_q0' bit positions configured as "1" (e.g., sorted from least significant bit to most significant bit) are mapped / associated one-to-one with the N_q0' RS indices activated / selected by the first MAC CE activation / subselect command configuring / indicating the entity ID from a pool of higher-level RRC configurations of the RS indices or from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices (e.g., sorted from lowest RS index / ID to highest RS index / ID).

[0416] In another example (Example-4.a.2), the network may first configure a list / set / pool of N_tot_rs RS resource indices (e.g., corresponding to SSB indices or CSI-RS resource configuration indices) to the higher-level RRC of the UE. The UE can then receive a MAC CE command from the network to configure / select one or more RS indices from the pool configured by the higher-level RRC, or one or more RS indices from the list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as one or more BFD RSs in set q00 or q01.

[0417] The MAC CE command may also include / indicate an entity ID. In this disclosure, the entity ID may correspond to a BFD RS beamset ID / index, an NBI RS beamset ID / index, a PCI, a PCI index pointing to / corresponding to an entry / PCI from a list / set / pool of PCIs configured to a higher layer of the UE, a value of CORESETPoolIndex, a value of CORESETGroupIndex, a bit flag indicator, a CORESET pool ID / index, a CORESET group ID / index, a CORESET ID / index, a TCI status ID / index, a TRP-specific index / ID value, a TRP-specific higher-layer signaling index / ID value, or a TRP-specific RS set index / ID value.

[0418] For example, a MAC CE command may contain an entity ID (e.g., a BFD RS beamset index / ID) and a total of N_q0 entries, where each entry corresponds to a BFD RS associated with the indicated entity ID in set q00 or q01. If the entry in the MAC CE command configuring / indicating the entity ID is set to an RS index from a pool of higher-level RRC configurations of RS indexes or an RS index from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indexes, then the RS index is then configured / selected as the corresponding BFD RS associated with the indicated entity ID in set q00 or q01.

[0419] For example, as discussed above, a BFD RS beamset q00 or q01 may contain N_q0 BFD RSs, each corresponding to an SSB index or a periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index. The UE can receive a MAC CE command from the network as described above, thereby configuring / indicating an entity ID (e.g., a BFD RS beamset index / ID), and configuring / selecting a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS indexes or N_q0 RS indices from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as the N_q0 BFD RSs associated with the indicated entity ID in set q00 or q01. The MAC CE command configuring / indicating the entity ID may contain N_q0 entries, where each entry configures / selects a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS indexes or an RS index from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as the corresponding BFD RS associated with the indicated entity ID in set q00 or q01.

[0420] For example, the UE can first be determined by the network, for instance, via higher-level parameters such as failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...

[0421] failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 provides N_q0 BFD RSs in BFD RS beamset q00 or q01 corresponding to the SSB index or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index. The UE can then receive a MAC CE command from the network as described above, thereby configuring / indicating the entity ID (e.g., BFD RS beamset index / ID), configuring / selecting a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS index, or N_q0' RS indices from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as one or more BFD RSs associated with the indicated entity ID in set q00 or q01.

[0422] For example, in a MAC CE command that configures / indicates an entity ID and has a total of N_q0 entries, only N_q0' entries (out of a total of N_q0 entries) are set to a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS index or to a valid RS index from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indexes, and the remaining (N_q0-N_q0') entries are not configured or do not exist; in this case, the N_q0' RS indexes are configured / selected / updated to the corresponding N_q0' BFD RS (out of a total of N_q0 BFD RS) associated with the indicated entity ID in set q00 or q01. Alternatively, in a MAC CE command that configures / indicates an entity ID and has a total of N_q0 entries, only N_q0' entries (from a pool of higher-level RRC configurations of the RS indexes or from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indexes) are set differently from the RS indexes of the corresponding BFD RS associated with the indicated entity ID in the BFD RS beam set q00 or q01; in this case, the N_q0' RS indexes are configured / selected / updated to the corresponding N_q0' BFD RSs associated with the indicated entity ID in set q00 or q01 (from a total of N_q0 BFD RSs).

[0423] In yet another example (Example-4.a.3), the network may first configure a list / set / pool of N_tot_rs RS resource indices (e.g., corresponding to SSB indices or CSI-RS resource configuration indices) to the higher-level RRC of the UE. The UE can then receive a MAC CE activation / subselection command from the network to activate or select one or more RS indices from the pool of higher-level RRC configurations of the RS indices, or one or more RS indices from the list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as one or more BFD RSs in set q00 or q01.

[0424] For example, a MAC CE activation / subselection command can contain N_tot_rs first positions and N_tot_rs second positions, where each first / second position corresponds to an RS index in a pool of higher-level RRC configurations of RS indexes or an RS index in a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indexes. Furthermore, the N_tot_rs first positions can be associated with set q00 (or q01), and the N_tot_rs second positions can be associated with set q01 (or q00). If the first bit of the MAC CE activation / subselection command is set to "1", then the pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS index or the corresponding RS index from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices is activated / selected as a BFD RS in set q00 (or q01); if the second bit of the MAC CE activation / subselection command is set to "1", then the pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS index or the corresponding RS index from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices is activated / selected as a BFD RS in set q01 (or q00). The MAC CE activation / subselection command may contain more than one (e.g., N_q0>1) first bit positions configured to "1" and more than one (e.g., N_q0>1) second bit positions configured to "1".

[0425] For example, the UE may first be provided by the network, for example via higher-level parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or failureDetectionResourcesToaddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1, to one or more first BFD RSs in BFD RS beamsets q00 or q01 corresponding to the SSB index or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index. The UE can then receive a MAC CE activation / subselect command from the network as described above, wherein the first position activates / selects one or more RS indices from a pool of higher-layer RRC configurations of RS indices or from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as one or more second BFD RS in set q00 (or q01), or wherein the second position activates / selects one or more RS indices from a pool of higher-layer RRC configurations of RS indices or from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as one or more second BFD RS in set q01 (or q00). That is, in this case, the BFD RS beamset q00 or q01 can contain a first BFD RS configured with higher-layer RRC and a second BFD RS activated by MAC CE.

[0426] For example, as discussed above, a BFD RS beamset q00 or q01 can contain N_q0 BFD RSs, each BFD RS corresponding to an SSB index or a periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index. The UE can receive a MAC CE activation / subselect command from the network as described above, wherein the first position activates / selects a pool of higher-layer RRC configurations from the RS index or N_q0 RS indices from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as N_q0 BFD RSs in set q00 (or q01), or wherein the second position activates / selects a pool of higher-layer RRC configurations from the RS index or N_q0 RS indices from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as N_q0 BFD RSs in set q01 (or q00). The MAC CE activation / subselect command can contain N_q0 first positions configured as "1" or N_q0 second positions configured as "1".

[0427] However, for example, the UE can first be determined by the network, for example via higher-level parameters such as failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0428] failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 provides N_q0 BFD RSs in BFD RS beamset q00 or q01 corresponding to the SSB index or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index. The UE can then receive a first MAC CE activation / subselect command from the network as described above, wherein the first bit position activates / selects for set q00 (or q01) a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS index or N_q0' RS indexes from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indexes, or wherein the second bit position activates / selects for set q01 (or q00) a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS index or N_q0' RS indexes from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indexes.

[0429] The UE can also receive from the network a second MAC CE command / bitmap containing N_q0 first bit positions (each first bit position corresponds to a BFD RS in set q00 (or q01)) and N_q0 second bit positions (each second bit position corresponds to a BFD RS in set q01 (or q00)). If the first bit position in the second MAC CE command / bitmap is set to "1", the corresponding BFD RS in BFD RS beamset q00 (or q01) can be activated / selected—replaced / updated—by the RS index corresponding to the first bit position in the second MAC CE command / bitmap from the pool of higher-level RRC configurations of the RS index or from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices; if the second bit position in the second MAC CE command / bitmap is set to "1", the corresponding BFD RS in BFD RS beamset q01 (or q00) can be activated / selected—replaced / updated—by the RS index corresponding to the second bit position in the second MAC CE command / bitmap from the pool of higher-level RRC configurations of the RS index or from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices.

[0430] For this example, the second MAC CE command / bitmap may contain N_q0' first bit positions configured as "1", and the N_q0' first bit positions configured as "1" (e.g., sorted from least significant bit to most significant bit) are mapped / associated one-to-one with the N_q0' RS indices activated / selected by the first MAC CE activation / subselect command from a pool of higher-level RRC configurations of RS indices or from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices (e.g., sorted from lowest RS index / ID to highest RS index / ID). Furthermore, the second MAC CE command / bitmap may also contain N_q0' second bit positions configured as "1", and the N_q0' second bit positions configured as "1" (e.g., sorted from least significant bit to most significant bit) are mapped / associated one-to-one with the N_q0' RS indices activated / selected by the first MAC CE activation / subselect command from a pool of higher-level RRC configurations of RS indices or from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices (e.g., sorted from lowest RS index / ID to highest RS index / ID).

[0431] In another example (Example-4.a.4), the network may first configure a list / set / pool of N_tot_rs RS resource indexes (e.g., corresponding to SSB indexes or CSI-RS resource configuration indexes) to the higher-level RRC of the UE. The UE can then receive a MAC CE command from the network to configure / select a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS indexes or one or more RS indexes from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indexes as one or more BFDRSs in set q00 or q01. For example, the MAC CE command may contain N_q0 first entries (where each first entry corresponds to a BFD RS in set q00 (or q01)) and N_q0 second entries (where each second entry corresponds to a BFD RS in set q01 (or q00)). If the first entry in the MAC CE command is set to a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS index or an RS index from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indexes, then the RS index is configured / selected as the corresponding BFD RS in set q00 (or q01); if the second entry in the MAC CE command is set to a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS index or an RS index from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indexes, then the RS index is configured / selected as the corresponding BFD RS in set q01 (or q00).

[0432] For example, as discussed above, a BFD RS beamset q00 or q01 may contain N_q0 BFD RSs, each BFD RS corresponding to an SSB index or a periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index. The UE can receive a MAC CE command from the network as described above, wherein a first entry configures / selects a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS indexes or N_q0 RS indices from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as N_q0 BFD RSs in set q00 (or q01), or wherein a second entry configures / selects a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS indexes or N_q0 RS indices from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as N_q0 BFD RSs in set q01 (or q00). The MAC CE command can contain N_q0 first entries (where each first entry configures / selects a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS index or an RS index from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indexes as the corresponding BFD RS in set q00 (or q01)) or N_q0 second entries (where each second entry configures / selects a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS index or an RS index from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indexes as the corresponding BFD RS in set q01 (or q00).

[0433] For example, the UE can first be determined by the network, for instance, via higher-level parameters such as failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or...

[0434] failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 provides N_q0 BFD RSs in BFD RS beamset q00 or q01 corresponding to the SSB index or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index. The UE can then receive a MAC CE command from the network as described above, wherein a first entry configures / selects a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS index or N_q0' RS indexes from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indexes as one or more BFD RSs in set q00 (or q01), or wherein a second entry configures / selects a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS index or N_q0' RS indexes from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indexes as one or more BFD RSs in set q01 (or q00).

[0435] For example, in a MAC CE command with N_q0 first entries and N_q0 second entries, (1) only N_q0' first entries (from a total of N_q0 first entries) are set to a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from RS indexes or valid RS indexes from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indexes, and the remaining (N_q0-N_q0') first entries are not configured or do not exist; in this case, N_q0' RS indexes are configured / selected / updated to the corresponding N_q0' BFD RS (from a total of N_q0 BFDs) of set q00 (or q01). (RS); or (2) only N_q0” second entries (from a total of N_q0 second entries) are set to a pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS index or to a valid RS index from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indexes, and the remaining (N_q0-N_q0”) second entries are not configured or do not exist; in this case, the N_q0” RS indexes are configured / selected / updated to the corresponding N_q0” BFD RS (from a total of N_q0 BFD RS) of set q01 (or q00).

[0436] Alternatively, in a MAC CE command with N_q0 first entries and N_q0 second entries, (1) only N_q0' first entries (from a total of N_q0 first entries) are set to RS indices different from the corresponding BFD RS in the BFD RS beamset q00 (or q01) (from a pool of higher-level RRC configurations of RS indices or from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices); in this case, N_q0' RS indices are configured / selected / updated to the corresponding N_q0' BFD RS in set q00 (or q01) (from a total of N_q0 BFD RS); or (2) only N_q0' second entries (from a total of N_q0 second entries) are set to be different from the corresponding BFD RS in the BFD RS beamset q01 (or q00). The RS index (from a pool of higher-level RRC configurations of the RS index or from a list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indexes); in this case, N_q0” RS indexes are configured / selected / updated to the corresponding N_q0” BFD RS of set q01 (or q00) (from a total of N_q0 BFD RS).

[0437] In another example (Example-4.a.5), the network may first configure a first list / set / pool of N_tot_rs RS resource indices (e.g., corresponding to SSB indices or CSI-RS resource configuration indices) and a second list / set / pool of N_tot_rs RS resource indices (e.g., corresponding to SSB indices or CSI-RS resource configuration indices) to the higher-level RRC of the UE. The UE can then receive a first MAC CE activation / subselection command from the network to activate or select one or more RS indices from the pool of higher-level RRC configured for RS indices or one or more RS indices from the first list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as one or more BFD RS in set q00, or receive a second MAC CE activation / subselection command to activate or select one or more RS indices from the pool of higher-level RRC configured for RS indices or one or more RS indices from the second list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as one or more BFD RS in set q01. The first MAC CE activation / subselection command or the second MAC CE activation / subselection command may also include / indicate an entity ID. In this disclosure, the entity ID may correspond to a BFD RS beamset ID / index, an NBI RS beamset ID / index, a PCI, a PCI index pointing to / corresponding to an entry / PCI from a list / set / pool of PCIs configured to a higher layer of the UE, a value of CORESETPoolIndex, a value of CORESETGroupIndex, a bit flag indicator, a CORESET pool ID / index, a CORESET group ID / index, a CORESET ID / index, a TCI status ID / index, a TRP-specific index / ID value, a TRP-specific higher-layer signaling index / ID value, or a TRP-specific RS set index / ID value.

[0438] For example, the first (or second) MAC CE activation / subselection command may include an entity ID (e.g., a BFD RS beamset index / ID) and a total of N_tot_rs bit positions, where each bit position corresponds to an RS index in the first (or second) list / set / pool of higher-level RRC configurations of the RS index or an RS index in the first (or second) list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indexes. If a bit position in the first (or second) MAC CE activation / subselection command indicating / configuring the entity ID is set to "1", the corresponding RS index from the first (or second) pool of higher-level RRC configurations of the RS index or from the first (or second) list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indexes is activated / selected as a BFD RS associated with the indicated entity ID in set q00 (or q01). The first (or second) MAC CE activation / subselection command may include more than one (e.g., N_q0 > 1) bit positions configured to "1".

[0439] A first list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices may correspond to an RS or RS index associated with or indicated therein of a third list / set / pool of TCI states / TCI state IDs, and a second list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices may correspond to an RS or RS index associated with or indicated therein of a fourth list / set / pool of TCI states / TCI state IDs. In this case, the third and fourth lists / sets / pools of TCI states / TCI state IDs may be determined / selected from the first list / set / pool of TCI states / TCI state IDs, respectively, following those specified in Examples-4.A,-4.B,-4.C, or-4.D of this disclosure.

[0440] Alternatively, the third list / set / pool of TCI states / TCI state IDs may be determined / selected from the fifth list / set / pool of TCI states / TCI state IDs, as specified in Examples 4.A, 4.B, 4.C, or 4.D of this disclosure, and the fourth list / set / pool of TCI states / TCI state IDs may be determined / selected from the sixth list / set / pool of TCI states / TCI state IDs, as specified in Examples 4.A, 4.B, 4.C, or 4.D of this disclosure. The fifth or sixth list / set / pool of TCI states / TCI state IDs may be configured similarly to the first list / set / pool of TCI states / TCI state IDs.

[0441] For example, the UE may first receive one or more first BFD RSs from the BFD RS beamset q00 or q01, corresponding to the SSB index or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index, from the network, for example via higher-layer parameters failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or failureDetectionResourcesToaddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1. The UE may then receive a first (or second) MAC CE activation / subselection command from the network as described above, thereby indicating / configuring the entity ID (e.g., BFD RS beamset index / ID), and activating / selecting one or more RS indices from the first (or second) list / set / pool of higher-layer RRC configurations from the RS indexes or from the first (or second) list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices as one or more second BFD RSs associated with the indicated entity ID in set q00 (or q01). In other words, for this situation, the BFD RS beamset q00 or q01 can contain a first BFD RS configured with a higher-level RRC and a second BFD RS activated by MAC CE.

[0442] For example, as discussed above, BFD RS beamset q00 or q01 may contain N_q0 BFD RSs, each corresponding to an SSB index or a periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index. The UE can receive a first (or second) MAC CE activation / subselect command from the network as described above, thereby indicating / configuring an entity ID (e.g., BFD RS beamset index / ID) and activating / selecting N_q0 RS indices from a first (or second) list / set / pool of higher-level RRC configurations from the RS indexes, or from a first (or second) list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices, as N_q0 BFD RSs associated with the indicated entity ID in set q00 (or q01). The first (or second) MAC CE activation / subselect command may contain an entity ID (e.g., BFD RS beamset index / ID) and N_q0 bits configured as "1".

[0443] However, for example, the UE can first be determined by the network, for example via higher-level parameters such as failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList0 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList0 or

[0444] failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList1 / beamFailureDetectionResourceList1 provides N_q0 BFD RSs in BFD RS beamset q00 or q01 corresponding to the SSB index or periodic 1-port CSI-RS resource configuration index. The UE can then receive a first (or second) MAC CE activation / subselect command from the network as described above, thereby configuring / indicating the entity ID (e.g., BFD RS beamset index / ID) and activating / selecting a first (or second) list / set / pool from the higher-level RRC configuration of the RS index or N_q0' RS indices from a first (or second) list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices.

[0445] The UE can also receive from the network a third MAC CE command / bitmap that configures / indicates entity IDs (e.g., BFD RS beamset index / ID) containing a total of N_q0 bit positions (where each bit position corresponds to a BFD RS in set q00), or a fourth MAC CE command / bitmap that configures / indicates entity IDs (e.g., BFD RS beamset index / ID) containing a total of N_q0 bit positions (where each bit position corresponds to a BFD RS in set q01). The entity ID configured / indicated in the first MAC CE activation / subselection command can be the same as the entity ID configured / indicated in the third MAC CE command / bitmap, and the entity ID configured / indicated in the second MAC CE activation / subselection command can be the same as the entity ID configured / indicated in the fourth MAC CE command / bitmap.

[0446] If the bit position in the third (or fourth) MAC CE command / bitmap of the configuration / indication entity ID is set to "1", then the corresponding BFD RS associated with the indicated entity ID in the BFD RS beam set q00 (or q01) can be activated / selected—replaced / updated—by the RS index corresponding to the bit position in the third (or fourth) MAC CE command / bitmap of the configuration / indication entity ID from the first (or second) list / set / pool of the higher-level RRC configuration of the RS index or from the first (or second) list / set / pool of at least N_tot_rs QCL source RS indices.

[0447] For this example, the third (or fourth) MAC CE command / bitmap configuring / indicating the entity ID may contain N_q0' bit positions configured as "1", and the N_q0' bit positions configured as "1" (e.g., sorted from least significant bit to most significant bit) are mapped / associated one-to-one with the N_q0' RS indices activated / selected from the first (or second) list / set / pool of higher-level RRC configured by the first (or second) MAC CE activation / subselect command configuring / indicating the entity ID (e.g., sorted from lowest RS index / ID to highest RS index / ID).

[0448] In the design example discussed above, the (first or second) list / set / pool of higher-level RRC configurations for N_tot_rs RS resource indices (e.g., corresponding to SSB indices or CSI-RS resource configuration indices) may also contain / include / indicate entity IDs, where the entity ID may correspond to a PCI, a PCI index pointing to / corresponding to an entry / PCI from a list / set / pool of PCIs configured to the higher level of the UE, a value of CORESETPoolIndex, a value of CORESETGroupIndex, a bit flag indicator, a CORESET pool ID / index, a CORESET group ID / index, a CORESET ID / index, a TCI status ID / index, a TRP-specific index / ID value, a TRP-specific higher-level signaling index / ID value, or a TRP-specific RS set index / ID value.

[0449] In the design examples -4.a.1, -4.a.2, -4.a.3, -4.a.4, or -4.a.5 discussed above, if the entity ID does not exist or is not configured in the MAC CE activation / subselection command or MAC CE command or bitmap, then the MAC CE activation / subselection command or MAC CE command or bitmap can be associated with / configured for set q00 (or q01); otherwise, i.e., if the entity ID exists or is configured, the corresponding MAC CE activation / subselection command or MAC CE command or bitmap can be associated with / configured for set q01 (or q00).

[0450] The UE can be provided / configured by the network with one or more BFD thresholds Qouts, each BFD threshold being associated with an entity ID. As discussed above, in this disclosure, the entity ID can correspond to a PCI value, a PCI index pointing to / corresponding to an entry / PCI in a list of PCIs configured to higher layers of the UE, a CORESETPoolIndex value, a TRP-specific index / ID value, a TRP-specific higher-layer signaling index / ID value, or a TRP-specific RS set index / ID value. For example, the network can configure two BFD thresholds Qout0 and Qout1 to the higher-layer RRC of the UE, where Qout0 corresponds to a PCI / PCI index (e.g., the serving cell PCI / PCI index) or a value of CORESETPoolIndex (e.g., 0), and Qout1 corresponds to another (different) PCI / PCI index (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index) or another (different) value of CORESETPoolIndex (e.g., 1).

[0451] In one example (Example-4.1.27), the UE can access the radio link quality of one or more BFD RSs (corresponding to one or more SSB indices or one or more periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indices) associated with an entity ID in BFD RS beamsets q0, q00, or q01 by referring to the BFD threshold associated with the entity ID that is the same as that associated with the entity ID of one or more BFD RSs. One or more BFD RSs (corresponding to one or more SSB indices or one or more periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indices) may have the same value as the RS index indicated in one or more TCI states of the corresponding CORESET in the RS set associated with the (same) entity ID that the UE uses to monitor the PDCCH.

[0452] The UE can apply a BFD threshold associated with an entity ID to L1-RSRP measurements obtained from SSB or CSI-RS resources associated with the same entity ID in q0, q00, or q01 as the entity ID associated with the BFD threshold, and / or apply the BFD threshold associated with an entity ID to L1-RSRP measurements obtained from CSI-RS resources associated with the same entity ID in q0, q00, or q01 after scaling the corresponding CSI-RS received power according to a value provided by powerControlOffsetSS, which is associated with the same entity ID as the entity ID associated with the BFD threshold. The physical layer in the UE can provide an indication of the entity ID to higher layers when the radio link quality ratio of all corresponding periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indices or SSB indices associated with the (same) entity ID in q0, q00, or q01 differs from the BFD threshold associated with the (same) entity ID.

[0453] When the radio link quality of an entity ID differs from the BFD threshold associated with the (same) entity ID, the physical layer can inform higher layers of a period determined by the maximum value between the shortest period and 2 milliseconds in the SSB and / or periodic CSI-RS configuration associated with the (same) entity ID in q0, q00, or q01. The UE uses this SSB and / or periodic CSI-RS configuration to access the radio link quality of the (same) entity ID. For example, the network can configure two BFD thresholds, Qout0 and Qout1, to the higher-level RRC of the UE, where Qout0 corresponds to a value (e.g., 0) of the PCI / PCI index (e.g., the serving cell PCI / PCI index) or CORESETPoolIndex, and Qout1 corresponds to another (different) PCI / PCI index (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index) or another (different) value (e.g., 1) of CORESETPoolIndex.

[0454] The UE may apply the BFD threshold Qout0 to L1-RSRP measurements obtained from SSB or CSI-RS resources associated with the same PCI / PCI index (e.g., serving cell PCI / PCI index) and associated with Qout0 in q0, q00, or q01, or with the same CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., 0) associated with Qout0, and / or after scaling the corresponding CSI-RS received power according to the value provided by powerControlOffsetSS, the BFD threshold Qout0 may be applied to PCI / PCI index (e.g., serving cell PCI / PCI index) and associated with Qout0 in q0, q00, or q01. The L1-RSRP measurement obtained from the CSI-RS resource associated with the same PCI / PCI index (e.g., serving cell PCI / PCI index) as the PCI / PCI index associated with Qout0 or the same CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., 0) associated with Qout0, is the powerControlOffsetSS.The UE may apply the BFD threshold Qout1 to the L1-RSRP measurement obtained from the SSB or CSI-RS resources associated with the PCI / PCI index (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index) in q0, q00, or q01 that is the same as the PCI / PCI index associated with Qout1 (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index) or the CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., 1) associated with Qout1, and / or after scaling the corresponding CSI-RS received power according to the value provided by powerControlOffsetSS, the BFD threshold Qout1 is applied to the PCI / PCI index (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index) associated with Qout1 in q0, q00, or q01. The L1-RSRP measurement obtained from the CSI-RS resource associated with the PCI / PCI index (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell's PCI / PCI index) or the CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., 1) associated with Qout1, is related to the same PCI / PCI index as the PCI / PCI index associated with Qout1.

[0455] In this situation, when the radio link quality of all corresponding periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indices or SSB indices associated with the same PCI / PCI index (e.g., serving cell PCI / PCI index) as the PCI / PCI index associated with Qout0, or the same CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., 0) as the CORESETPoolIndex value associated with Qout0, is worse than that of Qout0, the physical layer in the UE may provide a first indication to a higher layer of the same PCI / PCI index (e.g., serving cell PCI / PCI index) as the PCI / PCI index associated with Qout0, or the same CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., 0) as the CORESETPoolIndex value associated with Qout0. When the radio link quality of a PCI / PCI index that is the same as the PCI / PCI index associated with Qout0 (e.g., the serving cell PCI / PCI index) or a CORESETPoolIndex value that is the same as the CORESETPoolIndex value associated with Qout0 (e.g., 0) is worse than the BFD threshold Qout0, the physical layer can inform higher layers of a period consisting of a PCI / PCI index in q0, q00, or q01 that is the same as the PCI / PCI index associated with Qout0 (e.g., the serving cell PCI / PCI index) or a CORESETPoolIndex value associated with Qout0 (e.g., 0). The maximum value between the shortest period and 2 milliseconds in the SSB and / or periodic CSI-RS configuration associated with the CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., 0) that is the same as the CORESETPoolIndex value associated with Qout0, is used by the UE to access the radio link quality of the same PCI / PCI index (e.g., serving cell PCI / PCI index) associated with Qout0 or the same CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., 0) associated with Qout0.

[0456] Furthermore, when the radio link quality of all corresponding periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indices or SSB indices associated with the PCI / PCI index of Qout1 (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index) in q0, q00, or q01 is worse than that of Qout1, the physical layer in the UE may provide a second indication to a higher layer of the PCI / PCI index of Qout1 (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index) or the CORESETPoolIndex value of Qout1 (e.g., 1).

[0457] When the radio link quality of a PCI / PCI index that is the same as the PCI / PCI index associated with Qout1 (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell's PCI / PCI index) or a CORESETPoolIndex value that is the same as the CORESETPoolIndex value associated with Qout1 (e.g., 1) is worse than the BFD threshold Qout1, the physical layer can inform higher layers of a period consisting of a PCI / PCI index in q0, q00, or q01 that is the same as the PCI / PCI index associated with Qout1 (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell's PCI / PCI index). The maximum value between the shortest period and 2 milliseconds in the SSB and / or periodic CSI-RS configuration associated with the CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., 1) that is the same as the CORESETPoolIndex value associated with Qout1, is used by the UE to access the radio link quality of the PCI / PCI index (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index) or the CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., 1) associated with Qout1.

[0458] In another example (Example-4.1.28), the UE can access the radio link quality of one or more BFD RSs (corresponding to one or more SSB indices or one or more periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indices) associated with an entity ID in the BFD RS beamset q0, q00, or q01 by referring to the BFD threshold associated with the entity ID that is the same as the entity ID associated with the entity ID in set q0, q00, or q01. One or more BFD RSs (corresponding to one or more SSB indices or one or more periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indices) can have the same value as the RS index indicated by one or more TCI states of the corresponding CORESET in the RS set associated with the (same) entity ID used by the UE to monitor the PDCCH.

[0459] The UE may apply a BFD threshold associated with an entity ID to L1-RSRP measurements obtained from SSB or CSI-RS resources associated with an entity ID in q0, q00, or q01 that is the same as the entity ID associated with the BFD threshold, and / or apply a BFD threshold associated with an entity ID to L1-RSRP measurements obtained from CSI-RS resources in q0, q00, or q01 that is the same as the entity ID associated with the BFD threshold, after scaling the corresponding CSI-RS received power according to the value provided by powerControlOffsetSS, which is associated with the entity ID that is the same as the entity ID associated with the BFD threshold.

[0460] When the radio link quality ratio of all corresponding periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indices or SSB indices associated with the (same) entity ID in q0, q00, or q01 differs from the BFD threshold associated with the (same) entity ID, the physical layer in the UE can provide an indication of the entity ID to higher layers. When the radio link quality ratio of the entity ID differs from the BFD threshold associated with the (same) entity ID, the physical layer can inform higher layers of the period, which is determined by the maximum value between the shortest period and 2 milliseconds in the SSB and / or periodic CSI-RS configurations associated with the (same) entity ID in q0, q00, or q01. The UE uses this SSB and / or periodic CSI-RS configuration to access the radio link quality of the (same) entity ID.

[0461] For example, the network can configure two BFD thresholds, Qout0 and Qout1, to the higher-level RRC of the UE, where Qout0 corresponds to a value of the PCI / PCI index (e.g., the serving cell PCI / PCI index) or CORESETPoolIndex (e.g., 0), and Qout1 corresponds to another (different) PCI / PCI index (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index) or another (different) value of CORESETPoolIndex (e.g., 1).

[0462] The UE may apply the BFD threshold Qout0 to L1-RSRP measurements obtained from SSB or CSI-RS resources associated with the same PCI / PCI index (e.g., serving cell PCI / PCI index) and associated with Qout0 in q0, q00, or q01, or with the same CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., 0) associated with Qout0, and / or after scaling the corresponding CSI-RS received power according to the value provided by powerControlOffsetSS, the BFD threshold Qout0 may be applied to PCI / PCI index (e.g., serving cell PCI / PCI index) and associated with Qout0 in q0, q00, or q01. The L1-RSRP measurement obtained from the CSI-RS resource associated with the same PCI / PCI index (e.g., serving cell PCI / PCI index) as the PCI / PCI index associated with Qout0 or the same CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., 0) associated with Qout0, is the powerControlOffsetSS.The UE may apply the BFD threshold Qout1 to the L1-RSRP measurement obtained from the SSB or CSI-RS resources associated with the PCI / PCI index (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index) in q0, q00, or q01 that is the same as the PCI / PCI index associated with Qout1 (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index) or the CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., 1) associated with Qout1, and / or after scaling the corresponding CSI-RS received power according to the value provided by powerControlOffsetSS, the BFD threshold Qout1 is applied to the PCI / PCI index (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index) associated with Qout1 in q0, q00, or q01. The L1-RSRP measurement obtained from the CSI-RS resource associated with the PCI / PCI index (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell's PCI / PCI index) or the CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., 1) associated with Qout1, is related to the same PCI / PCI index as the PCI / PCI index associated with Qout1.

[0463] In this situation, when the radio link quality of all corresponding periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indices or SSB indices associated with the same PCI / PCI index (e.g., serving cell PCI / PCI index) as the PCI / PCI index associated with Qout0, or the same CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., 0) as the CORESETPoolIndex value associated with Qout0, is worse than that of Qout0, the physical layer in the UE may provide a first indication to a higher layer of the same PCI / PCI index (e.g., serving cell PCI / PCI index) as the PCI / PCI index associated with Qout0, or the same CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., 0) as the CORESETPoolIndex value associated with Qout0.

[0464] When the radio link quality of a PCI / PCI index that is the same as the PCI / PCI index associated with Qout0 (e.g., the serving cell PCI / PCI index) or a CORESETPoolIndex value that is the same as the CORESETPoolIndex value associated with Qout0 (e.g., 0) is worse than the BFD threshold Qout0, the physical layer can inform higher layers of a period consisting of a PCI / PCI index in q0, q00, or q01 that is the same as the PCI / PCI index associated with Qout0 (e.g., the serving cell PCI / PCI index) or a CORESETPoolIndex value associated with Qout0 (e.g., 0). The maximum value between the shortest period and 2 milliseconds in the SSB and / or periodic CSI-RS configuration associated with the CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., 0) that is the same as the CORESETPoolIndex value associated with Qout0, is used by the UE to access the radio link quality of the same PCI / PCI index (e.g., serving cell PCI / PCI index) associated with Qout0 or the same CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., 0) associated with Qout0.

[0465] Furthermore, when the radio link quality of all corresponding periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indices or SSB indices associated with the PCI / PCI index of Qout1 (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index) in q0, q00, or q01 is worse than that of Qout1, the physical layer in the UE may provide a second indication to a higher layer of the PCI / PCI index of Qout1 (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index) or the CORESETPoolIndex value of Qout1 (e.g., 1).

[0466] When the radio link quality of a PCI / PCI index that is the same as the PCI / PCI index associated with Qout1 (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell's PCI / PCI index) or a CORESETPoolIndex value that is the same as the CORESETPoolIndex value associated with Qout1 (e.g., 1) is worse than the BFD threshold Qout1, the physical layer can inform higher layers of a period consisting of a PCI / PCI index in q0, q00, or q01 that is the same as the PCI / PCI index associated with Qout1 (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell's PCI / PCI index). The maximum value between the shortest period and 2 milliseconds in the SSB and / or periodic CSI-RS configuration associated with the CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., 1) that is the same as the CORESETPoolIndex value associated with Qout1, is used by the UE to access the radio link quality of the PCI / PCI index (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index) or the CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., 1) associated with Qout1.

[0467] The UE may maintain one or more BFI counters, each BFI counter being associated with an entity ID. As discussed above, in this disclosure, the entity ID may correspond to a PCI value, a PCI index pointing to / corresponding to an entry in a list of PCIs configured to higher layers of the UE, a CORESETPoolIndex value, a TRP-specific index / ID value, a TRP-specific higher-layer signaling index / ID value, or a TRP-specific RS set index / ID value.

[0468] In one example (Example-4.1.30), if a higher layer receives radio link quality from the physical layer in the UE for the (same) entity ID compared to the BFD threshold difference associated with the (same) entity ID, the higher layer in the UE can increment the BFI count in the BFI counter associated with the entity ID (increment by 1). If the BFI count in the BFI counter associated with the (same) entity ID reaches the maximum number of BFI counts (e.g., provided by the higher layer parameter maxBFIcount) before the BFD timer expires, the UE can declare beam failure for one or more BFDRS (corresponding to one or more SSB indices or one or more periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indices) associated with the entity ID in q0, q00, or q01.

[0469] After a beam failure occurs in one or more BFD RSs (corresponding to one or more SSB indices or one or more periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indices) associated with an entity ID in q0, q00, or q01 declared by a higher layer in the UE, the higher layer in the UE can reset the BFI count or BFD timer in the BFI counter associated with the (same) entity ID to zero. For example, the UE can maintain two BFI counters, BFI_COUNTER_0 and BFI_COUNTER_1, where BFI_COUNTER_0 is associated with a value (e.g., 0) of a PCI / PCI index (e.g., the serving cell PCI / PCI index) or CORESETPoolIndex, and BFI_COUNTER_1 is associated with another (different) PCI / PCI index (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index) or another (different) value (e.g., 1) of CORESETPoolIndex.

[0470] In this situation, if a higher layer receives from the physical layer in the UE a radio link quality difference between the same PCI / PCI index associated with BFI_COUNTER_0 (e.g., serving cell PCI / PCI index) or a CORESETPoolIndex value associated with BFI_COUNTER_0 (e.g., 0) and the BFD threshold (e.g., Qout0) associated with the same PCI / PCI index associated with BFI_COUNTER_0 (e.g., serving cell PCI / PCI index) or a CORESETPoolIndex value associated with BFI_COUNTER_0 (e.g., 0), the higher layer in the UE can increment the BFI count in the BFI counter BFI_COUNTER_0 by 1. If the BFI count in the BFI counter BFI_COUNTER_0 reaches the maximum number of BFI counts (e.g., provided by the higher-layer parameter maxBFIcount) before the BFD timer expires, the UE may declare beam failure for one or more BFD RSs (corresponding to one or more SSB indices or one or more periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indices) associated with the same PCI / PCI index (e.g., serving cell PCI / PCI index) as the PCI / PCI index associated with BFI_COUNTER_0 or the same CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., 0) as the CORESETPoolIndex value associated with BFI_COUNTER_0.

[0471] After a beam failure occurs in one or more BFD RSs (corresponding to one or more SSB indices or one or more periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indices) associated with the same PCI / PCI index (e.g., serving cell PCI / PCI index) as the PCI / PCI index associated with BFI_COUNTER_0 or the same CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., 0) as the CORESETPoolIndex value associated with BFI_COUNTER_0, a higher layer in the UE may reset the BFI count or BFD timer in the BFI counter BFI_COUNTER_0 to zero. Furthermore, if a higher layer receives a PCI / PCI index from the physical layer in the UE that is the same as the PCI / PCI index associated with BFI_COUNTER_1 (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index) or a CORESETPoolIndex value that is the same as the CORESETPoolIndex value associated with BFI_COUNTER_1 (e.g., 1), the radio link quality ratio is compared with the P associated with BFI_COUNTER_1. If the BFI counter in the UE is the same as the CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., a different CORESETPoolIndex value than the serving cell's CORESETPoolIndex value) or the BFD threshold (e.g., Qout1) associated with the same CORESETPoolIndex value associated with BFI_COUNTER_1 (e.g., 1), then a higher layer in the UE can increment the BFI count in the BFI counter BFI_COUNTER_1 by 1.

[0472] If the BFI count in the BFI counter BFI_COUNTER_1 reaches the maximum number of BFI counts (e.g., provided by the higher-layer parameter maxBFIcount) before the BFD timer expires, the UE may declare beam failure for one or more BFD RSs (corresponding to one or more SSB indices or one or more periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indices) associated with the same PCI / PCI index (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index) as the PCI / PCI index associated with BFI_COUNTER_1 or the same CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., 1) as the CORESETPoolIndex value associated with BFI_COUNTER_1.

[0473] After a beam failure occurs in one or more BFD RSs (corresponding to one or more SSB indices or one or more periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indices) associated with the same PCI / PCI index as the PCI / PCI index associated with BFI_COUNTER_1 (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index) or the same CORESETPoolIndex value associated with BFI_COUNTER_1 (e.g., 1), a higher layer in the UE may reset the BFI count or BFD timer in the BFI counter BFI_COUNTER_1 to zero.

[0474] In another example (Example-4.1.31), if a higher layer receives radio link quality data from the physical layer in the UE for the (same) entity ID that differs from the BFD threshold associated with the (same) entity ID, the higher layer in the UE can increment the BFI count in the BFI counter associated with the entity ID (increment by 1). If the BFI count in the BFI counter associated with the (same) entity ID reaches the maximum number of BFI counts (e.g., provided by the higher layer parameter maxBFIcount) before the BFD timer expires, the UE can declare beam failure for one or more BFDRS (corresponding to one or more SSB indices or one or more periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indices) associated with the entity ID in q0, q00, or q01.

[0475] After a beam failure occurs in one or more BFD RSs (corresponding to one or more SSB indices or one or more periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indices) associated with an entity ID in q0, q00, or q01 declared by a higher layer in the UE, the higher layer in the UE can reset the BFI count or BFD timer in the BFI counter associated with the (same) entity ID to zero. For example, the UE can maintain two BFI counters, BFI_COUNTER_0 and BFI_COUNTER_1, where BFI_COUNTER_0 is associated with a value (e.g., 0) of a PCI / PCI index (e.g., the serving cell PCI / PCI index) or CORESETPoolIndex, and BFI_COUNTER_1 is associated with another (different) PCI / PCI index (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index) or another (different) value (e.g., 1) of CORESETPoolIndex.

[0476] In this situation, if a higher layer receives from the physical layer in the UE a radio link quality difference between the same PCI / PCI index associated with BFI_COUNTER_0 (e.g., serving cell PCI / PCI index) or a CORESETPoolIndex value associated with BFI_COUNTER_0 (e.g., 0) and the BFD threshold (e.g., Qout0) associated with the same PCI / PCI index associated with BFI_COUNTER_0 (e.g., serving cell PCI / PCI index) or a CORESETPoolIndex value associated with BFI_COUNTER_0 (e.g., 0), the higher layer in the UE can increment the BFI count in the BFI counter BFI_COUNTER_0 by 1. If the BFI count in the BFI counter BFI_COUNTER_0 reaches the maximum number of BFI counts (e.g., provided by the higher-layer parameter maxBFIcount) before the BFD timer expires, the UE can declare a beam failure for q0, q00, or q01 associated with the same PCI / PCI index (e.g., serving cell PCI / PCI index) as the PCI / PCI index associated with BFI_COUNTER_0 or the same CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., 0) as the CORESETPoolIndex value associated with BFI_COUNTER_0.

[0477] After a higher layer in the UE declares a beam failure associated with a PCI / PCI index (e.g., serving cell PCI / PCI index) that is the same as the PCI / PCI index associated with BFI_COUNTER_0 (e.g., serving cell PCI / PCI index) or a CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., 0) that is the same as the CORESETPoolIndex value associated with BFI_COUNTER_0, the higher layer in the UE can reset the BFI count in the BFI counter BFI_COUNTER_0 or the BFD timer to zero. Furthermore, if a higher layer receives a PCI / PCI index from the physical layer in the UE that is the same as the PCI / PCI index associated with BFI_COUNTER_1 (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index) or a CORESETPoolIndex value that is the same as the CORESETPoolIndex value associated with BFI_COUNTER_1 (e.g., 1), the radio link quality ratio is higher than that of the P associated with BFI_COUNTER_1. If the BFI counter in the UE is the same as the CORESETPoolIndex value (e.g., a different CORESETPoolIndex value than the serving cell's CORESETPoolIndex value) or the BFD threshold (e.g., Qout1) associated with the same CORESETPoolIndex value associated with BFI_COUNTER_1 (e.g., 1), then a higher layer in the UE can increment the BFI count in the BFI counter BFI_COUNTER_1 by 1.

[0478] If the BFI count in the BFI counter BFI_COUNTER_1 reaches the maximum number of BFI counts (e.g., provided by the higher-layer parameter maxBFIcount) before the BFD timer expires, the UE may declare a beam failure associated with q0, q00, or q01 that is the same as the PCI / PCI index associated with BFI_COUNTER_1 (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index) or the same as the CORESETPoolIndex value associated with BFI_COUNTER_1 (e.g., 1). After a beam failure occurs in q0, q00, or q01 associated with a PCI / PCI index that is the same as the PCI / PCI index associated with BFI_COUNTER_1 (e.g., a PCI / PCI index different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index) or a CORESETPoolIndex value that is the same as the CORESETPoolIndex value associated with BFI_COUNTER_1 (e.g., 1), a higher layer in the UE may reset the BFI count or BFD timer in the BFI counter BFI_COUNTER_1 to zero.

[0479] The UE can explicitly configure / indicate a single list / set of NBI RS resources by the network (e.g., via higher-layer RRC signaling), such as via the higher-layer parameter candidateBeamRSList. In this disclosure, the list / set of NBI RS resources can also be referred to as the NBI RS beamset represented by q1. The NBI RS resources in the NBI RS beamset q1 can be periodic 1-port or 2-port CSI-RS resource configuration indices or SSB indices or other types of SSB / CSI-RS resources. One or more NBI RS resources in the NBI RS beamset q1 corresponding to SSB resources / SSB resource indices or periodic 1-port or 2-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indices can originate from or be associated with one or more PCI / PCI indices (e.g., one or more non-serving cell PCI / PCI indices different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index or the serving cell PCI / PCI index) / to which they are associated.

[0480] For example, if PCI information / values ​​are indicated / included in NBI RS beamset q1, then the NBI RS resources configured in NBI RS beamset q1, provided by the higher-level parameter candidateBeamRSList, are used for or associated with PCI (e.g., corresponding to non-serving cell PCI). As another example, NBI RS beamset q1 (e.g., provided by the higher-level parameter candidateBeamRSList) may contain one or more NBI RS resources corresponding to SSB resources / SSB resource indexes or periodic 1-port or 2-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes associated with the serving cell PCI / PCI index, and one or more NBI RS resources corresponding to SSB resources / SSB resource indexes or periodic 1-port or 2-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indexes associated with one or more PCI / PCI indexes different from the serving cell PCI / PCI index.

[0481] In this disclosure, a PCI index may correspond to / point to a corresponding PCI (value) in a list / set / pool of PCIs configured at a higher layer for the UE, wherein the list / set / pool of PCIs may include one or more PCIs different from the serving cell PCI or the serving cell PCI. However, for example, if the network provides the UE with different values ​​for the CORESETPoolIndex of CORESET in the PDCCH-Config, then the NBI RS beamset q0 (e.g., provided by the higher-layer parameter candidateBeamRSList) may contain one or more NBI RS resources corresponding to the SSB resource / SSB resource index or periodic 1-port or 2-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index associated with a value of 0 in the CORESETPoolIndex, and one or more NBI RS resources corresponding to the SSB resource / SSB resource index or periodic 1-port or 2-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index associated with a value of 1 in the CORESETPoolIndex.

[0482] The UE can explicitly configure / indicate at least two NBI RS beamsets (S_q1≥2) by the network (e.g., via RRC and / or MAC CE and / or DCI-based signaling), each NBI RS beamset containing at least one (N_q1≥1) NBI RS resource corresponding to an SSB resource / SSB index or a periodic 1-port or 2-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index. For example, the UE can configure two NBI RS beamsets (S_q1=2) q10 and q11 by the network, for example, via higher-layer parameters candidateBeamRSList0 and candidateBeamRSList1, respectively. Each NBI RS beamset (i.e., q10 or q11 for S_q1=2) can contain / include / include one or more NBI RS resources (N_q1≥1) corresponding to one or more periodic 1-port or 2-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration indices or SSB resources / SSB indices.

[0483] Various ways of indicating the association between one or more NBI RS resources configured in NBI RS beamsets q1, q10, or q11 and one or more PCIs (corresponding to serving cell PCIs or (one or more) non-serving cell PCIs) are presented below.

[0484] In one example (Example-4.2.1), the NBI RS beamsets q1, q10, or q11, and therefore the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSList0, or candidateBeamRSList1, may include / indicate PCI values, for example, corresponding to the serving cell PCI or non-serving cell PCI. The NBI RS resources configured / indicated in the NBI RS beamsets q1, q10, or q11 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSList0, or candidateBeamRSList1) are the NBI RS resources corresponding to the SSB resources / SSB index or the periodic 1-port or 2-port CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS resource configuration index, used to indicate / configure, or associated with, the PCI.

[0485] If the configured NBI RS beamsets q1, q10, or q11 (and therefore the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSList0, or candidateBeamRSList1) do not indicate / include (one or more) any PCI value or the PCI does not exist in the NBI RS beamsets q1, q10, or q11 (and therefore not in the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSList0, or candidateBeamRSList1), then the UE can expect that the NBI RS resources configured / indicated in the NBI RS beamsets q1, q10, or q11 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSList0, or candidateBeamRSList1) are used for serving cell PCIs or associated with them.

[0486] In another example (Example-4.2.2), the NBI RS beamsets q1, q10, or q11 and thus the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList or candidateBeamRSList0 or candidateBeamRSList1 may include / indicate a one-bit indicator / flag that in turn indicates the serving cell PCI or the non-serving cell PCI. For example, the NBI RS resources (where a single indicator / flag is set to "1" / "on" / "enabled") corresponding to the SSB resource / SSB index or the periodic 1-port or 2-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index configured / indicated in the NBI RS beamsets q1, q10, or q11 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSList0, or candidateBeamRSList1) can be used for or associated with the serving cell PCI (or non-serving cell PCI), and the NBI RS resources (where a single indicator / flag is set to "1" / "on" / "enabled") configured / indicated in the NBI RS beamsets q1, q10, or q11 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSList0, or candidateBeamRSList1) corresponding to the SSB resource / SSB index or the periodic 1-port or 2-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index can be used for or associated with the serving cell PCI (or non-serving cell PCI). RS resources (where one indicator / flag is set to "0" / "off" / "disabled") can be used for non-serving cell PCI (or serving cell PCI) or associated with it.

[0487] If the configured NBI RS beamset q1, q10, or q11 (and therefore the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSList0, or candidateBeamRSList1) does not indicate / include a flag / indicator, or if a flag / indicator is not present in the NBI RS beamset q1, q10, or q11 (and therefore not present in the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSList0, or candidateBeamRSList1), then the UE can expect that the NBI RS resources configured / indicated in the NBI RS beamset q1, q10, or q11 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSList0, or candidateBeamRSList1) are used for serving cell PCI, or associated with it.

[0488] In yet another example (Example-4.2.3), the NBI RS beamsets q1, q10, or q11, and therefore the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSList0, or candidateBeamRSList1, may include / indicate multi-bit indicators, where each state of the multi-bit indicator corresponds to a PCI (e.g., serving cell PCI or non-serving cell PCI). The NBI RS resource configured / indicated in the NBI RS beamsets q1, q10, or q11 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSList0, or candidateBeamRSList1) and corresponding to the SSB resource / SSB index or the periodic 1-port or 2-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index is used to associate with or be associated with the PCI that is associated with / corresponds to the multi-bit indicator indicated / configured therein.

[0489] If the configured NBI RS beamset q1, q10, or q11 (and therefore the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSList0, or candidateBeamRSList1) does not indicate / include a multi-bit indicator, or the multi-bit indicator does not exist in the NBI RS beamset q1, q10, or q11 (and therefore does not exist in the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSList0, or candidateBeamRSList1), then the UE can expect that the NBI RS resources configured / indicated in the NBI RS beamset q1, q10, or q11 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSList0, or candidateBeamRSList1) are used for serving cell PCI, or associated with it.

[0490] In yet another example (Example-4.2.4), the NBI RS beamsets q1, q10, or q11, and therefore the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSList0, or candidateBeamRSList1, may include / indicate indexes of entries in a set / list / pool of PCIs (e.g., including serving cell PCIs and non-serving cell PCIs configured to higher layers of the UE). The entries (and therefore corresponding PCIs) indicated in the set / list / pool of NBI RS resources for PCIs, configured / indicated in the NBI RS beamsets q1, q10, or q11 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSList0, or candidateBeamRSList1), corresponding to the SSB resource / SSB index or the periodic 1-port or 2-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index, or associated with them, are the entries in the set / list / pool of NBI RS resources for PCIs. If the configured NBI RS beamsets q1, q10, or q11 (and therefore the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSList0, or candidateBeamRSList1) do not indicate / include any index of entries in the set / list / pool of PCIs, or if the index of entries in the set / list / pool of PCIs does not exist in the NBI RS beamsets q1, q10, or q11 (and therefore not in the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSList0, or candidateBeamRSList1), then the UE can expect that the NBI RS resources configured / indicated in the NBI RS beamsets q1, q10, or q11 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSList0, or candidateBeamRSList1) are used for serving cell PCIs, or associated with them.

[0491] In yet another example (Example-4.2.5), the NBI RS beamsets q1, q10, or q11, and therefore the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSList0, or candidateBeamRSList1, may include / indicate an index / ID of another higher-level RRC parameter in which one or more PCI or PCI information may be indicated / included. The NBI RS resource corresponding to the SSB resource / SSB index or the periodic 1-port or 2-port CSI-RS resource / CSI-RS resource configuration index, configured / indicated in the NBI RS beamsets q1, q10, or q11 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSList0, or candidateBeamRSList1), is used for the indicated RRC parameter (and therefore indicates / includes (one or more) corresponding PCI or PCI information therein), or associated with it.

[0492] If the configured NBI RS beamsets q1, q10, or q11 (and therefore the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSList0, or candidateBeamRSList1) do not indicate / include any index / ID of any other RRC parameter indicating / including one or more PCI or PCI information, or if the index / ID of another higher-level RRC parameter indicating / including one or more PCI or PCI information does not exist in the NBI RS beamsets q1, q10, or q11 (and therefore not exist in the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSList0, or candidateBeamRSList1), then the UE can expect that the NBI RS resources configured / indicated in the NBI RS beamsets q1, q10, or q11 (and therefore in the corresponding higher-level parameters candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSList0, or candidateBeamRSList1) are used for serving cell PCI, or associated with it.

[0493] In yet another example (Example-4.2.6), the NBI RS be...

Claims

1. A method performed by a user equipment (UE) in a communication system, the method comprising: The first configuration indicating the TCI status and the second configuration of the control resource set CORESET are received via higher-layer signaling. The receiving medium access control element MAC CE includes the activation of two of the multiple TCI states; Based on the two TCI states, physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) monitoring is performed in the CORESET. Identify a beam failure detection (BFD) reference signal RS set, the BFD RS set including RS indices in the RS associated with the two TCI states; as well as Beam failure was detected based on the BFD RS set.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The RS is the downlink DL RS for quasi-co-located QCL in the two TCI states.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The demodulation reference signal DM-RS of the PDCCH in the CORESET is received. The UE is configured with a single-frequency network SFN scheme for the PDCCH, and The DM-RS is quasi-co-located with the DL RS in the two TCI states.

4. A user equipment (UE) in a communication system, the UE comprising: transceiver; as well as A processor, coupled to the transceiver and configured to: The first configuration indicating the TCI status and the second configuration of the control resource set CORESET are received via higher-layer signaling. The receiving medium access control element MAC CE includes the activation of two of the multiple TCI states; Based on the two TCI states, physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) monitoring is performed in the CORESET. Identify a beam failure detection (BFD) reference signal RS set, the BFD RS set including RS indices in the RS associated with the two TCI states; as well as Beam failure was detected based on the BFD RS set.

5. The UE according to claim 4, wherein, The RS is the downlink DL RS for quasi-co-located QCL in the two TCI states.

6. The UE according to claim 5, wherein, The demodulation reference signal DM-RS of the PDCCH in the CORESET is received. The UE is configured with a single-frequency network SFN scheme for the PDCCH, and The DM-RS is quasi-co-located with the DL RS in the two TCI states.

7. A method performed by a base station in a communication system, the method comprising: The first configuration indicating the TCI status and the second configuration of the control resource set CORESET are sent via higher-layer signaling; Transmit a Media Access Control (MAC) control element CE, wherein the MAC CE includes activation of two of the multiple TCI states; Transmit the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) in the CORESET associated with the two TCI states; Receive beam failure recovery request information associated with the beam failure detection reference signal RS set (BFD). The BFD RS set includes RS indices in the RSs associated with the two TCI states.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein, The RS is the downlink DL RS for quasi-co-located QCL in the two TCI states.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein, The single-frequency network (SFN) scheme is used for the PDCCH. In this process, the demodulation reference signal DM-RS of the PDCCH is transmitted, and The DM-RS is quasi-co-located with the DL RS in the two TCI states.

10. A base station in a communication system, the base station comprising: transceiver; as well as A processor, coupled to the transceiver and configured to: The first configuration indicating the TCI status and the second configuration of the control resource set CORESET are sent via higher-layer signaling; Transmit a Media Access Control (MAC) control element CE, wherein the MAC CE includes activation of two of the multiple TCI states; Transmit the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) in the CORESET associated with the two TCI states; Receive beam failure recovery request information associated with the beam failure detection reference signal RS set (BFD). The BFD RS set includes RS indices in the RSs associated with the two TCI states.

11. The base station according to claim 10, wherein, The RS is the downlink DL RS for quasi-co-located QCL in the two TCI states.

12. The base station according to claim 11, wherein, The single-frequency network (SFN) scheme is used for the PDCCH. In this process, the demodulation reference signal DM-RS of the PDCCH is transmitted, and The DM-RS is quasi-co-located with the DL RS in the two TCI states.

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