Tunnel protection support and construction and protection method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a tunnel protection support and a construction and protection method thereof, and relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering. The tunnel protection support comprises a rectangular air bag body arranged on an outer support unit. When the rectangular air bag body is in an inflated state, the rectangular air bag body completely fills the gap between the outer support unit and the inner wall of the tunnel, so that the outer support unit and the inner wall of the tunnel are in a completely sealed state, and the hidden danger of water accumulation caused by the uneven surface of the inner wall of the tunnel is avoided. Adjacent rectangular air bag bodies abut against each other. Fresh water is sprayed from two adjacent sides of the rectangular air bag body by a fresh water tank, and water-swelling glue is sprayed from the other two adjacent sides of the rectangular air bag body by a glue tank. The fresh water and the water-swelling glue contact and expand and solidify, so that the gap between the corresponding sides of the adjacent air bag units on each outer support unit and the gap between the corresponding sides of the adjacent air bag units on the adjacent outer support unit are filled and adhered, and the waterproof effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering technology, and in particular to a tunnel protective support and its construction and protection methods. Background Technology

[0002] High-stress tunnels are tunnels excavated at the base of high-altitude mountains. Due to the large amount of soil and rock above the tunnel, the load-bearing capacity requirements are high, and water accumulated within the mountain can easily seep into the tunnel due to the pressure from the above-ground rock and soil. Therefore, specialized seepage-proof protective supports are needed to address the seepage problem.

[0003] Even after a waterproof layer is applied to the inner wall of a high-stress tunnel, its surface remains uneven and full of gaps and grooves, making it difficult to achieve a completely smooth surface. Once protective supports are installed, water can easily accumulate in the gaps and grooves if water seepage occurs, causing the protective supports to deform under pressure and crack, thereby reducing the waterproof effect of the protective supports. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem solved by this invention is: how to improve the water-proof effect of the protective bracket.

[0005] To address the above problems, the present invention provides a tunnel protection support, comprising: Multiple external support units are used to connect end to end along the tunnel extension direction and form a gap between the tunnel inner wall; An airbag unit includes a rectangular airbag body, a water tank, and a coagulation tank. Each of the outer support units has multiple rectangular airbag bodies connected to one side facing the gap. The water tank and the coagulation tank are located inside the rectangular airbag body. When the rectangular airbag body is in a deflated state, adjacent airbag units do not contact each other; when the rectangular airbag body is in an inflated state, the rectangular airbag body fills the gaps, and adjacent rectangular airbag bodies abut against each other, wherein... When adjacent rectangular airbag bodies come into contact with each other, the water tank sprays water from two adjacent sides of the rectangular airbag body, and the coagulating glue tank sprays water-swelling glue from the other two adjacent sides of the rectangular airbag body.

[0006] Optionally, the airbag unit further includes a glue delivery head and a storage soft ball. The rectangular airbag body has an upper glue outlet on one side away from the outer support unit. One end of the upper glue outlet facing the inner cavity of the rectangular airbag body is connected to one end of the glue delivery head, and the other end of the glue delivery head is connected to the storage soft ball. The inner cavity of the storage soft ball is used to store the water-swellable glue.

[0007] Optionally, the airbag unit further includes a liquid outlet pipe, a first conduit, a first solenoid valve, a clean water delivery pipe, a second conduit, a second solenoid valve, and a gel delivery pipe. One end of each of the two first conduits is connected to the clean water tank. The first solenoid valve is installed on the first conduit. The other end of each of the two first conduits is connected to the two clean water delivery pipes. The two clean water delivery pipes are located near two adjacent sides of the inner cavity of the rectangular airbag body. One end of each of the two second conduits is connected to the gel tank. The second solenoid valve is installed on the second conduit. The other end of each of the two second conduits is connected to the two gel delivery pipes. The two gel delivery pipes are located near two other adjacent sides of the inner cavity of the rectangular airbag body. The clean water delivery pipe and the gel delivery pipe are connected to the outside of the corresponding side of the rectangular airbag body through multiple liquid outlet pipes.

[0008] Optionally, the airbag unit further includes pressure sensors, with at least one pressure sensor installed on each of the four sides of the rectangular airbag body. The pressure sensors located on two adjacent sides of the rectangular airbag body are electrically connected to the corresponding first solenoid valve, and the pressure sensors located on the other two adjacent sides of the rectangular airbag body are electrically connected to the corresponding second solenoid valve.

[0009] Optionally, the external support unit includes an upper arched external support, side external supports, an inflation tube, and an exhaust tube. The two ends of the upper arched external support are respectively connected to one of the side external supports. The rectangular airbag body is connected to the side of the upper arched external support and the side external supports facing the gap. The upper arched external support has a first inner cavity, and the side external supports have a second inner cavity. The first inner cavity and the second inner cavity are in communication. The inflation tube is located in the first inner cavity and the second inner cavity. The inflation tube is connected to one end of a plurality of exhaust tubes, and the other end of the exhaust tube is connected to the corresponding rectangular airbag body.

[0010] Optionally, the airbag unit further includes an inflation tube and a sealing ring, with one end of each of the two inflation tubes connected to both ends of the injection tube, and the other end of the inflation tube passing through the side bracket and having the sealing ring installed.

[0011] Optionally, it also includes a plurality of inner support units corresponding one-to-one with the outer support unit, each inner support unit being disposed on the side of the corresponding outer support unit facing away from the gap, and adjacent inner support units being detachably connected.

[0012] Optionally, the inner support unit includes an inner support body, which is connected to the side of the upper arched outer support and the side outer support facing away from the gap, and has an arched structure matching the side outer support. The inner support body has slots at both ends along the tunnel extension direction. The slots are arched. Multiple waterproof sealing plates are spaced apart in one of the slots, and mounting slots are formed between adjacent waterproof sealing plates. Multiple card plates corresponding to the multiple mounting slots are inserted into the other slot. The card plates are used to be inserted into the mounting slots.

[0013] Optionally, each of the mounting slots has at least one slot glue inlet hole on its bottom surface, and each of the mounting plates has multiple glue through holes.

[0014] Optionally, the inner support body is provided with a through hole, the through hole is connected to the air tube, and a sealing plug is provided on the through hole.

[0015] Optionally, it also includes water diversion channels, which are located at the bottom of both sides of the inner wall of the tunnel, and the two water diversion channels are respectively located below the corresponding sides of the inner support unit.

[0016] Optionally, multiple longitudinal drainage channels are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the inner support body, and a transverse drainage channel is formed between two adjacent longitudinal drainage channels. The bottom edges of both ends of the multiple longitudinal drainage channels are open structures, and the open structures are respectively located directly above the corresponding water diversion channel.

[0017] This invention provides a construction method for a tunnel protection support, comprising the following steps: S1: Apply waterproof adhesive to the inner wall of the excavated tunnel, and a waterproof layer is formed after the adhesive solidifies. S2: Select the number of external support units and internal support units according to the length of the tunnel inner wall, and then install each internal support unit on the inner wall of each external support unit so that the outer wall of the internal support unit is completely fitted with the external support unit. S3: Join two adjacent inner bracket bodies together so that each card plate on one inner bracket body is inserted into each mounting slot of the other inner bracket body. S4: Inject quick-setting adhesive into the mounting slot through the glue inlet holes of each slot. The quick-setting adhesive penetrates into every part of the mounting slot through the glue through-hole and waits for the quick-setting adhesive to solidify. S5: A water diversion channel is opened on the inner wall of the tunnel directly below the inner support unit.

[0018] This invention also proposes a protection method for tunnel protective supports, comprising the following steps: T1: Remove the sealing plug and sealing ring, and then inject high-pressure nitrogen into the injection tube. After the high-pressure nitrogen enters the injection tube, it enters each rectangular airbag body through each outlet tube. T2: The rectangular airbag body begins to expand and grow after being filled with high-pressure nitrogen, and then fits and contacts the adjacent rectangular airbag bodies. T3: The pressure sensors on the opposite sides of the adjacent rectangular airbag bodies simultaneously sense the pressure generated by the contact, and then send working signals to their respective first and second solenoid valves. T4: After receiving the working signal, the first and second solenoid valves open, causing the liquid outlet pipes on the opposite sides of the two rectangular airbag bodies that are in contact with each other to spray out clean water and water-swellable glue respectively. T5: Water-swellable adhesive expands and solidifies immediately upon contact with water, filling and bonding the gap between the two rectangular airbag bodies together, and completely filling the gap between the outer support unit and the waterproof layer.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are: Multiple external support units are connected end-to-end along the tunnel's extension direction, providing comprehensive protection for the tunnel. Each external support unit has multiple rectangular airbag bodies connected to its side facing the tunnel wall. When the rectangular airbag bodies are deflated, adjacent airbag units do not contact each other, preventing the water tank and the curing adhesive tank from spraying water and water-swellable adhesive respectively. When the rectangular airbag bodies are inflated, they completely seal the gaps between the external support units and the tunnel wall, creating a complete seal and preventing damage from uneven tunnel wall surfaces. To mitigate the risk of water accumulation, adjacent rectangular airbag bodies are connected to each other. A water tank sprays water from two adjacent sides of the rectangular airbag body, while a curing adhesive tank sprays water-swellable adhesive from the other two adjacent sides of the rectangular airbag body. The water and the water-swellable adhesive come into contact and expand and solidify, filling and bonding the gaps between the corresponding sides of adjacent airbag units on each outer support unit and between the corresponding sides of adjacent airbag units on adjacent outer support units. This improves the waterproofing effect and enables the system to cope with the problem of water from the mountain peak easily seeping into the tunnel due to the pressure of a large amount of rock and soil above. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the external support unit, the airbag unit, and the internal support unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the external support unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the external support unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the airbag unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a top cross-sectional view of the airbag unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal support unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a front view of the internal support unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal support unit from another perspective according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 for Figure 9 Enlarged diagram of point A in the middle.

[0022] In the diagram: 100, outer support unit; 110, upper arched outer support; 111, first inner cavity; 120, side outer support; 121, second inner cavity; 130, air injection pipe; 140, air outlet pipe; 150, inflation pipe; 160, sealing ring; 200, airbag unit; 210, rectangular airbag body; 211, pressure sensor; 212, liquid outlet pipe; 220, clean water tank; 230, first conduit; 231, first solenoid valve; 240, clean water delivery pipe; 250. 260. Glue box; 261. Second conduit; 270. Glue delivery pipe; 280. Upper glue outlet; 290. Glue delivery head; 291. Storage soft ball; 300. Inner support unit; 310. Inner support body; 320. Through hole; 330. Mounting slot; 331. Glue inlet hole of the slot; 332. Waterproof sealing plate; 340. Longitudinal drainage channel; 341. Transverse drainage channel; 350. Card plate; 351. Glue through hole; 400. Water channel. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0025] Furthermore, in the attached diagram, the X-axis represents the vertical direction, that is, the front-to-back position, and the positive direction of the X-axis (that is, the direction the arrow points to) represents the back, and the negative direction of the X-axis (that is, the direction opposite to the positive direction of the X-axis) represents the front; in the attached diagram, the Y-axis represents the horizontal direction, that is, the left-to-right position, and the positive direction of the Y-axis (that is, the direction the arrow points to) represents the left, and the negative direction of the Y-axis (that is, the direction opposite to the positive direction of the X-axis) represents the right; in the attached diagram, the Z-axis represents the vertical direction, that is, the up-down position, and the positive direction of the Z-axis (that is, the direction the arrow points to) represents the up, and the negative direction of the Z-axis (that is, the direction opposite to the positive direction of the Z-axis) represents the down.

[0026] It should also be noted that the meanings of the aforementioned X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0027] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a tunnel protection bracket, comprising: Multiple external support units 100 are used to connect end to end along the tunnel extension direction and form a gap between the tunnel inner wall; The airbag unit 200 includes a rectangular airbag body 210, a water tank 220 and a coagulation tank 250. Each outer support unit 100 has multiple rectangular airbag bodies 210 connected to one side facing the gap. The water tank 220 and the coagulation tank 250 are located inside the rectangular airbag body 210. When the rectangular airbag body 210 is in a deflated state, adjacent airbag units 200 do not contact each other; when the rectangular airbag body 210 is in an inflated state, the rectangular airbag body 210 fills the gaps, and adjacent rectangular airbag bodies 210 abut against each other. When adjacent rectangular airbag bodies 210 come into contact with each other, the water tank 220 sprays water from two adjacent sides of the rectangular airbag body 210, and the coagulating glue tank 250 sprays water-swellable glue from the other two adjacent sides of the rectangular airbag body 210.

[0028] It should be noted that the tunnel extension direction refers to the tunnel alignment, which can be straight, curved, etc.; the top surface of the tunnel inner wall is an arched structure, and the top of the corresponding outer support unit 100 is an arched structure that matches the top surface of the tunnel inner wall. The two sides of the outer support unit 100 are planar structures that match the two sides of the tunnel inner wall. Some tunnels are only arched structures in their entirety, so the outer support unit 100 is only an arched structure that matches it. The rectangular airbag body 210 has an upper surface, a lower surface, and four sides. Waterproof adhesive is applied to the tunnel inner wall. After the waterproof adhesive solidifies, a waterproof layer is formed. At this time, since there is a waterproof layer on the tunnel inner wall, the gap between the tunnel inner wall and the outer support unit 100 is the gap between the waterproof layer and the outer support unit 100.

[0029] Specifically, the upper surface of the rectangular airbag body 210 faces the gap, that is, the inner wall of the tunnel, while the lower surface of the rectangular airbag body 210 is the surface that connects to the outer support unit 100. It can be fixed to the outer support unit 100 facing the gap using adhesive, and the airbag bodies 210 are evenly spaced along the extension direction of the outer support unit 100 to ensure that adjacent rectangular airbag bodies 210 can abut against each other when inflated. Figure 2 As shown, multiple airbag units 200 are arranged in two rows along the extension direction of the outer support unit 100 and along the X-axis direction in the figure. They can also be arranged in one row, three rows or more, mainly depending on the width of the outer support unit 100. The wider the outer support unit 100, the more rows are arranged. The narrower the outer support unit 100, the fewer rows are arranged. In general, the number of airbag units 200 arranged is sufficient to ensure that the opposite sides of adjacent airbag units 200 can abut when they are inflated.

[0030] In this embodiment, multiple external support units 100 are connected end-to-end along the tunnel extension direction, providing comprehensive protection for the tunnel. Multiple rectangular airbag bodies 210 are connected to the side of each external support unit 100 facing the tunnel inner wall. When the rectangular airbag bodies 210 are deflated, adjacent airbag units 200 do not contact each other, preventing the water tank 220 and the curing adhesive tank 250 from spraying water and water-swellable adhesive respectively. When the rectangular airbag bodies 210 are inflated, they completely seal and fill the gap between the external support unit 100 and the tunnel inner wall, ensuring a complete seal between the external support unit 100 and the tunnel inner wall, preventing damage from the tunnel inner wall. The uneven surface poses a risk of water accumulation. Adjacent rectangular airbag bodies 210 abut against each other. The water tank 220 sprays water from two adjacent sides of the rectangular airbag body 210, and the curing adhesive tank 250 sprays water-swellable adhesive from the other two adjacent sides of the rectangular airbag body 210. The water and the water-swellable adhesive come into contact and expand and solidify, filling and bonding the gaps between the corresponding sides of adjacent airbag units 200 on each outer support unit 100 and between the corresponding sides of adjacent airbag units 200 on adjacent outer support units 100. This improves the waterproof effect and enables it to cope with the problem of water accumulation in the mountain peak easily seeping into the tunnel due to the pressure of a large amount of rock and soil above.

[0031] Optionally, combined Figure 5 As shown, the airbag unit 200 also includes a glue delivery head 290 and a storage soft ball 291. The rectangular airbag body 210 has an upper glue outlet hole 280 on one side away from the outer support unit 100. One end of the upper glue outlet hole 280 facing the inner cavity of the rectangular airbag body 210 is connected to one end of the glue delivery head 290, and the other end of the glue delivery head 290 is connected to the storage soft ball 291. The inner cavity of the storage soft ball 291 is used to store water-swellable glue.

[0032] Specifically, the coagulated adhesive stored in the storage soft ball 291 and the coagulated adhesive box 250 is a liquid water-swellable adhesive, whose main components are, but not limited to, a mixture of polyurethane prepolymer and sodium acrylate. The top of the rectangular airbag body 210 has several sets of upper adhesive outlet holes 280 evenly distributed along its length direction (along the Y-axis direction in the figure). The bottom of the upper adhesive outlet holes 280 is connected to the adhesive delivery head 290, and the bottom of the adhesive delivery head 290 is connected to the storage soft ball 291. The material of the storage soft ball 291 is, but not limited to, deformable soft rubber.

[0033] In this embodiment, when the waterproof layer cracks and water seeps in, the seeping water accumulates on the rectangular airbag body 210 below, causing the rectangular airbag body 210 to deform and the water accumulation area to sink. At the same time as sinking, a set of storage soft balls 291 descend and come into contact with and squeeze the inner wall of the bottom of the rectangular airbag body 210. This forces the water-swellable adhesive stored in the storage soft balls 291 to be squeezed out through the adhesive delivery head 290 and the upper adhesive outlet 280. When the water-swellable adhesive comes into contact with water, it begins to expand and solidify, filling the crack and preventing further water seepage.

[0034] Optionally, combined Figure 6 As shown, the airbag unit 200 also includes a liquid outlet pipe 212, a first conduit 230, a first solenoid valve 231, a clean water delivery pipe 240, a second conduit 260, a second solenoid valve 261, and a gelling agent delivery pipe 270. A clean water tank 220 and a gelling agent tank 250 are located within the rectangular airbag body 210. One end of each of the two first conduits 230 is connected to the clean water tank 220. The first solenoid valve 231 is mounted on the first conduit 230. The other ends of the two first conduits 230 are respectively connected to the two clean water delivery pipes 240. 40 are respectively close to two adjacent sides of the inner cavity of the rectangular airbag body 210. One end of each of the two second conduits 260 is connected to the gelling glue tank 250. The second solenoid valve 261 is installed on the second conduit 260. The other ends of the two second conduits 260 are respectively connected to two gelling glue delivery pipes 270. The two gelling glue delivery pipes 270 are respectively close to two other adjacent sides of the inner cavity of the rectangular airbag body 210. The water delivery pipe 240 and the gelling glue delivery pipe 270 are respectively connected to the outside of the corresponding side of the rectangular airbag body 210 through multiple liquid outlet pipes 212.

[0035] Specifically, the clean water tank 220 and the glue-coating tank 250 are installed on the lower inner surface of the rectangular airbag body 210, that is, on the surface where the rectangular airbag body 210 contacts the outer support unit 100. The clean water tank 220 and the glue-coating tank 250 can be made of plastic. Before the rectangular airbag body 210 is manufactured, it can be pre-fixed to the lower inner surface of the rectangular airbag body 210 by adhesive. A set of clean water delivery pipes 240 are respectively provided on the inner walls of the adjacent two sides of the rectangular airbag body 210. The output ends of the water delivery pipes 240 are connected to the respective liquid outlet pipes 212 on the same side. The input ends of the two sets of clean water delivery pipes 240 are each connected to a set of first conduits 230. The input ends of the two sets of first conduits 230 are connected to the clean water tank 220. The inner walls of the rectangular airbag body 210 on both sides away from the two sets of clean water delivery pipes 240 are respectively provided with a set of coagulant delivery pipes 270. The output ends of the two sets of coagulant delivery pipes 270 are respectively connected to their respective liquid outlet pipes 212.

[0036] In this embodiment, the liquid outlet pipes 212 on the outer walls of the two sets of rectangular airbag bodies 210 that are in contact with each other spray out water and water-swellable adhesive respectively. When the water-swellable adhesive comes into contact with water, it will immediately expand and solidify, filling the gap between the two sets of rectangular airbag bodies 210 and sticking them together.

[0037] Optionally, combined Figure 6 As shown, the airbag unit 200 also includes pressure sensors 211. At least one pressure sensor 211 is installed on each of the four sides of the rectangular airbag body 210. The pressure sensors 211 on two adjacent sides of the rectangular airbag body 210 are electrically connected to the corresponding first solenoid valve 231, and the pressure sensors 211 on the other two adjacent sides of the rectangular airbag body 210 are electrically connected to the corresponding second solenoid valve 261.

[0038] Specifically, each of the two sets of first conduits 230 is equipped with a first solenoid valve 231, and the two sets of first solenoid valves 231 are electrically connected to the corresponding two sets of pressure sensors 211. The second conduit 260 is equipped with a second solenoid valve 261, and the second solenoid valve 261 is electrically connected to the corresponding set of pressure sensors 211. Figure 6 As shown, the pressure sensors 211 located on the right and lower sides of the rectangular airbag body 210 are respectively connected to the second conduit 260 on the right side and the second solenoid valve 261 on the lower side of the second conduit 260. The pressure sensors 211 located on the left and upper sides of the rectangular airbag body 210 are respectively connected to the first conduit 230 on the left side and the first solenoid valve 231 on the upper side of the first conduit 230 on the left side and the first conduit 230 on the upper side of the first conduit 230.

[0039] In this embodiment, when the opposite outer walls of two adjacent rectangular airbag bodies 210 press against each other, the two pressure sensors 211 located on the two outer walls will simultaneously sense the pressure generated by the contact, and then the internal information transmission module will send working signals to the corresponding first solenoid valve 231 and second solenoid valve 261 respectively.

[0040] Optionally, combined Figure 4 As shown, the external support unit 100 includes an upper arched external support 110, a side external support 120, an air injection tube 130, and an air outlet tube 140. The two ends of the upper arched external support 110 are respectively connected to a side external support 120. The rectangular airbag body 210 is connected to the side of the upper arched external support 110 and the side external support 120 facing the gap. The upper arched external support 110 is provided with a first inner cavity 111, and the side external support 120 is provided with a second inner cavity 121. The first inner cavity 111 and the second inner cavity 121 are connected. The air injection tube 130 is provided in the first inner cavity 111 and the second inner cavity 121. The air injection tube 130 is connected to one end of a plurality of air outlet tubes 140, and the other end of the air outlet tube 140 is connected to the corresponding rectangular airbag body 210.

[0041] In this embodiment, the rectangular airbag body 210 is installed on the outer wall of the upper arch outer support 110 or the side outer support 120. After the outer support unit 100 and the inner support unit 300 are installed, high-pressure nitrogen is injected into the air injection pipe 130 through the inflation pipe 150. After the high-pressure nitrogen enters each rectangular airbag body 210 through each air outlet pipe 140, the volume of the rectangular airbag body 210 expands until it comes into contact with and fits against each other with the adjacent rectangular airbag bodies 210 that have also expanded.

[0042] Optionally, combined Figure 7 As shown, the airbag unit 200 also includes an inflation tube 150 and a sealing ring 160. One end of the two inflation tubes 150 is connected to both ends of the air injection tube 130, and the other end of the inflation tube 150 passes through the side outer bracket 120 and is provided with a sealing ring 160.

[0043] In this embodiment, when filling with high-pressure nitrogen, only the sealing plug and sealing ring 160 need to be removed, and then the filling can be done directly through the inflation pipe 150. The high-pressure nitrogen can then enter each rectangular airbag body 210 through the injection pipe 130 and the outlet pipe 140. The filling work is simple and quick, without the need to disassemble the outer support unit 100 as a whole. Moreover, it can be quickly filled during use after the tunnel is completed. This not only improves the efficiency of the initial protective support installation work, but also improves the convenience of later maintenance.

[0044] Optionally, combined Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, it also includes a plurality of inner support units 300 corresponding one-to-one with the outer support unit 100. Each inner support unit 300 is located on the side of the corresponding outer support unit 100 facing away from the gap. Adjacent inner support units 300 are detachably connected. The inner support unit 300 includes an inner support body 310. The inner support body 310 is connected to the side of the upper arch outer support 110 and the side outer support 120 facing away from the gap, and has an arched structure matching the side outer support 120. The inner support body 310 has slots at both ends along the tunnel extension direction. The slots are arched. A plurality of waterproof sealing plates 332 are spaced apart in one slot. An installation slot 330 is formed between adjacent waterproof sealing plates 332. A plurality of card plates 350 corresponding one-to-one with the plurality of installation slots 330 are inserted into the other slot. The card plates 350 are used to be inserted into the installation slots 330.

[0045] It should be noted that the outer support unit 100 and the inner support unit 300 form a set of protective supports after installation.

[0046] In this embodiment, the length of the outer wall of the inner support body 310 is the same as the length of the inner wall of the outer support unit 100. The outer wall of the inner support body 310 is installed on the inner wall of the upper arch outer support 110. When splicing and installing the two sets of protective supports, the corresponding outer support units 100 and inner support units 300 are first installed, and then the two adjacent sets of inner support bodies 310 are spliced ​​and attached together, so that the various clamping plates 350 on one set of inner support bodies 310 can be clamped into the various mounting slots 330 of the other set of inner support bodies 310, thus completing the installation.

[0047] Optionally, combined Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, each mounting slot 330 has at least one slot glue inlet hole 331 on its bottom surface, and each mounting plate 350 has multiple glue through holes 351.

[0048] In this embodiment, fast-curing adhesive is injected into the mounting slot 330 through the adhesive inlet holes 331 of each slot. The fast-curing adhesive permeates to every part of the mounting slot 330 through the adhesive penetration holes 351, thereby completing the splicing between the two sets of protective brackets. This eliminates the need for rigid components such as rivets that could damage the overall structure, improving the fixing effect of the protective brackets while also protecting the overall structure of the protective brackets from damage.

[0049] Optionally, combined Figure 1 The inner support body 310 is provided with a through hole 320, which is connected to the inflation tube 150, and a sealing plug is provided on the through hole 320.

[0050] In this embodiment, a through hole 320 is formed on the inner wall of the inner support body 310, and the through hole 320 is connected to the input end of the inflation tube 150, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the input end of the inflation tube 150 is the lower ends of both sides of the inflation tube 150, which makes it convenient for staff to inflate. A sealing plug is provided at the opening of the through hole 320. By removing the sealing plug, high-pressure nitrogen is injected into the inflation tube 150 through the through hole 320, and then the high-pressure nitrogen is distributed to each rectangular airbag body 210 through the air injection tube 130.

[0051] Optionally, combined Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, it also includes a water diversion channel 400, which is located at the bottom of both sides of the inner wall of the tunnel. The two water diversion channels 400 are respectively located below the corresponding side of the inner support unit 300. Multiple longitudinal diversion channels 340 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the inner support body 310. A transverse diversion channel 341 is formed between two adjacent longitudinal diversion channels 340. The bottom edges of both ends of the multiple longitudinal diversion channels 340 are open structures, and the open structures are respectively located directly above the corresponding water diversion channel 400.

[0052] In this embodiment, when water vapor appears in the gap between the outer support unit 100 and the inner support unit 300, the water vapor condenses into water and collects in each longitudinal drainage channel 340. After being diverted by the transverse drainage channel 341, the water in each longitudinal drainage channel 340 is evenly distributed. Then, under the action of gravity, the water falls through the opening at the bottom of the longitudinal drainage channel 340 into the lower water channel 400, and is finally diverted elsewhere through the water channel 400. This avoids water accumulation, reduces the impact of water flow on the inner support body 310, and improves the service life of the inner support body 310.

[0053] Based on the aforementioned tunnel protection support, this invention proposes a construction method for a tunnel protection support, comprising the following steps: S1: Apply waterproof adhesive to the inner wall of the excavated tunnel, and a waterproof layer is formed after the adhesive solidifies. S2: Select the number of outer support units 100 and inner support units 300 according to the length of the tunnel inner wall, and then install each inner support unit 300 on the inner wall of each outer support unit 100 so that the outer wall of the inner support unit 300 is completely fitted with the outer support unit 100. S3: Join two adjacent inner bracket bodies 310 together so that each card plate 350 on one inner bracket body 310 is inserted into each mounting slot 330 of the other inner bracket body 310. S4: Inject quick-curing adhesive into the mounting slot 330 through the adhesive inlet holes 331 of each slot. The quick-curing adhesive penetrates into every part of the mounting slot 330 through the adhesive throughlet holes 351 and waits for the quick-curing adhesive to solidify. S5: A water diversion channel 400 is opened on the inner wall of the tunnel directly below the inner support unit 300.

[0054] Based on the aforementioned tunnel protection support, this invention also proposes a protection method for tunnel protection supports, comprising the following steps: T1: Remove the sealing plug and sealing ring 160, and then inject high-pressure nitrogen into the gas injection tube 130. After the high-pressure nitrogen enters the gas injection tube 130, it enters each rectangular airbag body 210 through each gas outlet tube 140. T2: After being filled with high-pressure nitrogen, the rectangular airbag body 210 begins to expand and grow, and then fits and contacts each of the adjacent rectangular airbag bodies 210. T3: The pressure sensors 211 on opposite sides of adjacent rectangular airbag bodies 210 simultaneously sense the pressure generated by the contact, and then send working signals to their respective first solenoid valves 231 and second solenoid valves 261 respectively. T4: After receiving the working signal, the first solenoid valve 231 and the second solenoid valve 261 are opened, so that the liquid outlet pipes 212 on the opposite sides of the two rectangular airbag bodies 210 that are in contact with each other spray out clean water and water-swellable glue respectively. T5: Water-swellable adhesive expands and solidifies immediately upon contact with water, filling and bonding the gap between the two rectangular airbag bodies 210 together, and completely filling the gap between the outer support unit 100 and the waterproof layer.

[0055] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel protection support, characterized in that: include: Multiple external support units (100) are used to connect end to end along the tunnel extension direction and form a gap between the tunnel inner wall; The airbag unit (200) includes a rectangular airbag body (210), a water tank (220), and a coagulation tank (250). Each of the outer support units (100) has multiple rectangular airbag bodies (210) connected to one side facing the gap. The water tank (220) and the coagulation tank (250) are located inside the rectangular airbag body (210). When the rectangular airbag body (210) is in a deflated state, adjacent airbag units (200) do not contact each other; when the rectangular airbag body (210) is in an inflated state, the rectangular airbag body (210) fills the gap, and adjacent rectangular airbag bodies (210) abut against each other, wherein, When adjacent rectangular airbag bodies (210) come into contact with each other, the water tank (220) sprays water from two adjacent sides of the rectangular airbag body (210), and the coagulating glue tank (250) sprays water-swelling glue from the other two adjacent sides of the rectangular airbag body (210). The airbag unit (200) further includes a liquid outlet pipe (212), a first conduit (230), a first solenoid valve (231), a clean water delivery pipe (240), a second conduit (260), a second solenoid valve (261), and a gel delivery pipe (270). One end of each of the two first conduits (230) is connected to the clean water tank (220). The first solenoid valve (231) is installed on the first conduit (230). The other ends of the two first conduits (230) are respectively connected to the two clean water delivery pipes (240). The two clean water delivery pipes (240) are respectively close to two adjacent sides of the inner cavity of the rectangular airbag body (210). One end of each of the two second conduits (260) is connected to the gel delivery tank (250). The second solenoid valve (261) is installed on the second conduit (260). The other end of each of the two second conduits (260) is connected to the gel delivery tank (250). The ends are respectively connected to the two gel delivery pipes (270), and the two gel delivery pipes (270) are respectively close to the other two adjacent sides of the inner cavity of the rectangular airbag body (210). The water delivery pipe (240) and the gel delivery pipe (270) are respectively connected to the outside of the corresponding side of the rectangular airbag body (210) through multiple liquid outlet pipes (212). The airbag unit (200) also includes a pressure sensor (211). At least one pressure sensor (211) is installed on each of the four sides of the rectangular airbag body (210). The pressure sensor (211) located on two adjacent sides of the rectangular airbag body (210) is electrically connected to the corresponding first solenoid valve (231). The pressure sensor (211) located on the other two adjacent sides of the rectangular airbag body (210) is electrically connected to the corresponding second solenoid valve (261).

2. The tunnel protection support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airbag unit (200) also includes a glue delivery head (290) and a storage soft ball (291). The rectangular airbag body (210) has an upper glue outlet hole (280) on one side away from the outer support unit (100). One end of the upper glue outlet hole (280) facing the inner cavity of the rectangular airbag body (210) is connected to one end of the glue delivery head (290), and the other end of the glue delivery head (290) is connected to the storage soft ball (291). The inner cavity of the storage soft ball (291) is used to store the water-swellable glue.

3. The tunnel protection support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external support unit (100) includes an upper arched external support (110), a side external support (120), an air injection tube (130), and an air outlet tube (140). The two ends of the upper arched external support (110) are respectively connected to one of the side external supports (120). The rectangular airbag body (210) is connected to the side of the upper arched external support (110) and the side external support (120) facing the gap. The upper arched external support (110) has a first inner cavity (111), and the side external support (120) has a second inner cavity (121). The first inner cavity (111) and the second inner cavity (121) are connected. The air injection tube (130) is located in the first inner cavity (111) and the second inner cavity (121). The air injection tube (130) is connected to one end of a plurality of air outlet tubes (140), and the other end of the air outlet tube (140) is connected to the corresponding rectangular airbag body (210).

4. A tunnel protection support according to claim 3, characterized in that: The airbag unit (200) also includes an inflation tube (150) and a sealing ring (160). One end of the two inflation tubes (150) is connected to both ends of the air injection tube (130), and the other end of the inflation tube (150) passes through the side bracket (120) and is provided with the sealing ring (160).

5. A tunnel protection support according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes an inner support unit (300) that corresponds one-to-one with the outer support unit (100). Each inner support unit (300) is located on the side of the corresponding outer support unit (100) facing away from the gap, and adjacent inner support units (300) are detachably connected.

6. A tunnel protection support according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner support unit (300) includes an inner support body (310), which is connected to the upper arch outer support (110) and the side outer support (120) on the side facing away from the gap, and has an arched structure matching the side outer support (120). The inner support body (310) has slots at both ends along the tunnel extension direction. The slots are arched. Multiple waterproof sealing plates (332) are spaced apart in one of the slots. An installation slot (330) is formed between adjacent waterproof sealing plates (332). Multiple card plates (350) corresponding to the multiple installation slots (330) are inserted into the other slot. The card plates (350) are used to be inserted into the installation slots (330).

7. A tunnel protection support according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each of the mounting slots (330) has at least one slot glue inlet hole (331) on its bottom surface, and each of the mounting plates (350) has multiple glue through holes (351).

8. A tunnel protection support according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner support body (310) is provided with a through hole (320), which is connected to the air tube (150), and a sealing plug is provided on the through hole (320).

9. A tunnel protection support according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a water diversion channel (400), which is located at the bottom of both sides of the inner wall of the tunnel, and the two water diversion channels (400) are respectively located below the corresponding side of the inner support unit (300).

10. A tunnel protection support according to claim 9, characterized in that: The outer wall of the inner support body (310) is provided with a plurality of longitudinal drainage channels (340) at equal intervals. A transverse drainage channel (341) is formed between two adjacent longitudinal drainage channels (340). The bottom edges of both ends of the plurality of longitudinal drainage channels (340) are open structures, and the open structures are located directly above the corresponding water diversion channel (400).

11. A construction method for a tunnel protection support as described in claim 7, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Apply waterproof adhesive to the inner wall of the excavated tunnel, and a waterproof layer is formed after the adhesive solidifies. S2: Select the number of outer support units (100) and inner support units (300) according to the length of the tunnel inner wall, and then install each inner support unit (300) on the inner wall of each outer support unit (100) so that the outer wall of the inner support unit (300) is completely fitted with the outer support unit (100); S3: Join two adjacent inner bracket bodies (310) together so that each card plate (350) on one inner bracket body (310) is inserted into each mounting slot (330) of the other inner bracket body (310). S4: Inject quick-setting adhesive into the mounting slot (330) through the glue inlet holes (331) of each slot. The quick-setting adhesive penetrates into every part of the mounting slot (330) through the glue through-hole (351) and waits for the quick-setting adhesive to solidify. S5: A water diversion channel (400) is opened on the inner wall of the tunnel directly below the inner support unit (300).

12. A protection method for a tunnel protection support as described in claim 8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: T1: Remove the sealing plug and sealing ring (160), and then inject high-pressure nitrogen into the injection tube (130). After the high-pressure nitrogen enters the injection tube (130), it enters each rectangular airbag body (210) through each outlet tube (140). T2: The rectangular airbag body (210) begins to expand and grow after being filled with high-pressure nitrogen, and it fits and contacts the adjacent rectangular airbag bodies (210); T3: The pressure sensors (211) on the opposite sides of the adjacent rectangular airbag bodies (210) simultaneously sense the pressure generated by the contact, and then send working signals to their respective first solenoid valves (231) and second solenoid valves (261); T4: After receiving the working signal, the first solenoid valve (231) and the second solenoid valve (261) are opened, so that the liquid outlet pipes (212) on the opposite sides of the two rectangular airbag bodies (210) that are in contact with each other spray out clean water and water-swellable glue respectively. T5: The water-swellable adhesive expands and solidifies immediately upon contact with water, filling and bonding the gap between the two rectangular airbag bodies (210) together, and completely filling the gap between the outer support unit (100) and the waterproof layer.

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