Engine cooling system temperature prediction method, device, equipment, medium and vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses an engine cooling system temperature prediction method, device, equipment, medium and vehicle, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining a first temperature of an engine cooling system at an initial moment, a working condition parameter of the engine and a target moment; wherein the cooling system at least comprises cooling water, an inner cylinder wall and an outer cylinder wall; according to a preset unit time step, the number of unit time steps required from the initial moment to the target moment is determined; according to the first temperature and the working condition parameter of the engine, iterative calculation of a set number of times is carried out to obtain a target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target moment. Through the engine cooling system temperature prediction method, the effect of quickly and accurately predicting the temperature of the engine cooling system is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure belongs to the field of vehicle thermal management technology, specifically relating to a method, device, equipment, medium, and vehicle for predicting engine cooling system temperature. Background Technology

[0002] The automotive thermal management system needs to automatically adjust the cooling intensity according to driving conditions and environmental conditions to keep the corresponding components working within the optimal temperature range, specifically keeping the engine working within the corresponding optimal temperature range.

[0003] Currently, in order to keep the engine operating within its optimal temperature range, temperature prediction models can be constructed to calculate the engine temperature at different times. However, existing models are slow to calculate and have low accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a method, apparatus, device, medium, and vehicle for predicting the temperature of an engine cooling system, so as to achieve the effect of rapid and accurate prediction of the temperature of the engine cooling system.

[0005] The technical solution of this application is as follows:

[0006] Firstly, a method for predicting the temperature of an engine cooling system is provided, the method comprising:

[0007] The engine cooling system is acquired at an initial temperature, along with the engine's operating parameters and a target time. The cooling system comprises at least coolant, an inner cylinder wall, and an outer cylinder wall.

[0008] Based on the preset unit time step, determine the number of unit time steps required from the initial time to the target time;

[0009] Based on the first temperature and the engine's operating parameters, a set number of iterative calculations are performed to obtain the target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target time; wherein, the set number of calculations is equal to the quantity.

[0010] Secondly, an engine cooling system temperature prediction device is provided, the device comprising:

[0011] The acquisition module is used to acquire the first temperature of the engine cooling system at an initial moment, the engine's operating parameters, and the target moment; wherein the cooling system includes at least cooling water, an inner cylinder wall, and an outer cylinder wall;

[0012] The first determining module is used to determine the number of unit time steps required from the initial time to the target time based on a preset unit time step.

[0013] The second determining module is used to perform a set number of iterative calculations based on the first temperature and the engine's operating parameters to obtain the target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target time; wherein the set number of calculations is equal to the quantity.

[0014] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a temperature prediction device for an engine cooling system. The device includes a processor, a memory, and a program or instructions stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the program or instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the steps of the temperature prediction method for the engine cooling system described in any embodiment of this application.

[0015] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the temperature prediction method for an engine cooling system according to any embodiment of this application.

[0016] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a vehicle, the vehicle comprising at least one of the following:

[0017] As described in the first aspect, the engine cooling system temperature prediction device;

[0018] As described in the second aspect, the engine cooling system temperature prediction device;

[0019] Computer-readable storage media as described in the third aspect.

[0020] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application bring at least the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The engine cooling system temperature prediction method provided in this application obtains the number of unit time steps required from the initial time to the target time, and performs a set number of iterative calculations based on the first temperature of the engine cooling system at the initial time and the engine's operating parameters to obtain the target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target time. In this way, when calculating the target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target time, it is not necessary to refer to parameters such as the cylinder wall roughness of the engine, which are immeasurable due to engine use. The target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target time is calculated more accurately. Moreover, when calculating the target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target time, it only needs to rely on the first temperature of the engine cooling system at the initial time and the engine's operating parameters, without relying on too many other parameters, saving calculation time and improving the calculation efficiency of the target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target time.

[0022] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application, and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of an engine cooling system temperature prediction method provided in the first aspect of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the calculation process for each iteration according to the first aspect of the embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a double-layer flat plate model of the engine according to the first aspect of the embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an engine cooling system temperature prediction device provided in the second aspect embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in the third aspect of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this disclosure, the solutions disclosed herein will be further described below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0030] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this disclosure, but this disclosure may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some, and not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0031] Before introducing the technical solution of this application, let's first introduce the background technology of this application:

[0032] Currently, to maintain engine operation within its optimal temperature range, temperature prediction models can be constructed, specifically physical models and fitting models, to calculate the engine temperature at different times. However, existing physical and fitting models have the following drawbacks:

[0033] Existing physical models calculate based on time and space steps. For example, they might divide the cylinder wall of an engine into segments from the inside to the outside, and calculate the temperature of each segment sequentially until the temperature of the outermost segment is calculated. However, in practical applications, users only need the temperature of the outermost segment, not the temperature of the intermediate portion. Therefore, the aforementioned physical model, requiring the calculation of many intermediate segments, is slow. Furthermore, physical models require many characteristic parameters of the engine cooling system, such as cylinder wall roughness and diameter, to predict temperature. However, in actual use, factors like water stains can alter cylinder wall roughness, and different engines may have different roughnesses. Thus, the calculation requires obtaining the cylinder wall roughness of each engine for which the temperature is to be predicted, impacting computational efficiency and causing the physical model to only reflect common engine characteristics, failing to simulate individual engine features. In practical applications, the cylinder wall roughness is usually calculated based on the cylinder wall roughness specified in the engine's manual. However, after the engine has been used, its actual cylinder wall roughness may differ from that specified in the manual, which may result in the calculated temperature being inaccurate.

[0034] The fitting model requires a large amount of experimental data for training and simulation, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Moreover, the engine system has a high degree of nonlinearity, making it difficult to achieve a high level of model accuracy. The fitting model can only simulate the working conditions within the training data boundary, resulting in poor predictive ability, poor model robustness, and inability to reflect the physical process. Therefore, it is difficult to correct errors for certain working conditions. Furthermore, the fitting model is suitable for steady-state or static models, but has poor dynamic performance.

[0035] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a method for predicting engine cooling system temperature. By obtaining the number of unit time steps required from an initial time to a target time, and based on the initial temperature of the engine cooling system and the engine's operating parameters, a set number of iterative calculations are performed to obtain the target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target time. This eliminates the need to consider parameters such as cylinder wall roughness, which are immeasurably affected by engine operation, when calculating the target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target time. This results in a more accurate target temperature. Furthermore, the calculation only relies on the initial temperature of the engine cooling system and the engine's operating parameters, saving computation time and improving the efficiency of calculating the target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target time.

[0036] The engine cooling system temperature prediction method provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an engine cooling system temperature prediction method provided in an embodiment of this application. The execution entity of this engine cooling system temperature prediction method can be a server. It should be noted that the above-mentioned execution entity does not constitute a limitation on this application.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the engine cooling system temperature prediction method provided in this application embodiment may include steps 110-130.

[0039] Step 110: Obtain the initial temperature of the engine cooling system, the engine operating parameters, and the target time.

[0040] The cooling system may include at least cooling water, inner cylinder wall, and outer cylinder wall.

[0041] Step 120: Determine the number of unit time steps required from the initial time to the target time based on the preset unit time step.

[0042] Step 130: Based on the first temperature and the engine's operating parameters, perform a set number of iterative calculations to obtain the target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target time.

[0043] The set number of times can be equal to the quantity.

[0044] The first functional relationship can be obtained by fitting a double-layer flat plate model corresponding to the engine. Specifically, this first functional relationship can be a functional relationship between combustion gas temperature and engine operating parameters.

[0045] In the embodiments of this application, by obtaining the number of unit time steps required from the initial time to the target time, and based on the first temperature of the engine cooling system at the initial time and the engine's operating parameters, a set number of iterative calculations are performed to obtain the target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target time. In this way, when calculating the target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target time, it is not necessary to refer to parameters such as the cylinder wall roughness of the engine, which are immeasurable due to engine use. The target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target time is calculated more accurately. Moreover, when calculating the target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target time, it is only necessary to rely on the first temperature of the engine cooling system at the initial time and the engine's operating parameters, without relying on too many other parameters, saving calculation time and improving the calculation efficiency of the target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target time.

[0046] The method for predicting engine cooling system temperature provided in the embodiments of this application is described in detail below.

[0047] First, let's introduce step 110, which involves obtaining the initial temperature of the engine cooling system, the engine's operating parameters, and the target time.

[0048] The cooling system may include at least cooling water, inner cylinder wall, and outer cylinder wall.

[0049] The initial moment can be the moment when you begin to predict the engine cooling system temperature.

[0050] The first temperature can be the temperature of the engine cooling system at the initial moment.

[0051] Operating parameters can be parameters of the engine's operating status, specifically the engine's speed and torque.

[0052] The target time could be the time at which the engine cooling system is expected to reach a certain temperature.

[0053] In one example, if we want to predict the temperature of the engine cooling system for the next hour starting from 8:00 AM on April 18, 2022, then 8:00 AM on April 18, 2022 would be the initial time, and 9:00 AM on April 18, 2022 would be the target time.

[0054] In some embodiments of this application, the initial temperature of the engine cooling system and the engine operating parameters can be obtained from sensors on the engine or obtained through real-time testing. The specific acquisition method is not limited here.

[0055] Step 120: Determine the number of unit time steps required from the initial time to the target time based on the preset unit time step.

[0056] The preset unit time step can be a pre-set unit time step. For example, the unit time step can be 5 minutes or 10 minutes. The specific setting can be determined according to user needs and is not limited here.

[0057] Continuing with the example above, the initial time is 8:00 AM on April 18, 2022, and the target time is 9:00 AM on April 18, 2022. That is, the time from the initial time to the target time is 60 minutes. If the preset unit time step is 5 minutes, then the number of unit time steps required from the initial time to the target time is i = 60 / 5 = 12.

[0058] Step 130: Based on the first temperature and the engine's operating parameters, perform a set number of iterative calculations to obtain the target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target time.

[0059] The set number can be a pre-set number of iterations. Specifically, this set number can be consistent with the number of unit time steps required from the initial time to the target time, as determined in step 120 above.

[0060] The target temperature can be obtained by iterative calculation based on the first temperature and the engine's operating parameters, resulting in the engine cooling system temperature at the target time.

[0061] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, in order to further improve the calculation efficiency of the target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target time, the steps of each iteration calculation may include steps 210-240:

[0062] Step 210: Calculate the combustion gas temperature of the engine at the second moment based on the engine's operating parameters at the first moment and the first function relationship.

[0063] The first functional relationship can be obtained by fitting a double-layer flat plate model corresponding to the engine. Specifically, this first functional relationship can be a functional relationship between the combustion gas temperature and the engine's operating parameters.

[0064] In some embodiments of this application, the first time point can be the initial time point or a time point between the initial time point and the target time point. The initial value of the first time point can be the initial time point.

[0065] The second time step can be the time step that follows the first time step by the next unit of time. There can be a unit of time step between the first and second time steps.

[0066] Continuing with the example above, the initial time is 8:00 AM on April 18, 2022, and the target time is 9:00 AM on April 18, 2022. If the preset unit time step is 5 minutes, and the first time is 8:30 AM on April 18, 2022, then the second time can be 8:35 AM on April 18, 2022.

[0067] In some embodiments of this application, the engine heat exchange model can be simplified, specifically by simplifying it into a two-layer flat plate heat exchange model (e.g., Figure 3 (As shown). In Figure 3 In the engine 300, the inner side contains combustion gases (not shown in the figure), and the space between the inner cylinder wall 310 and the outer cylinder wall 320 contains cooling water (not shown in the figure). After the combustion gases burn, the heat flows into the inner cylinder wall 310 through convection heat transfer, heating the inner cylinder wall. The inner cylinder wall then heats the cooling water. The cooling water gains energy and its temperature rises, heating the outer cylinder wall 320. At the same time, the outer cylinder wall and the external environment undergo spontaneous combustion convection heat transfer.

[0068] In subsequent embodiments of this application, it can be assumed that the cylinder head and the inner cylinder wall are integral, there is no heat conduction between them and the outer cylinder wall, the cylinder wall can be uniformly heated, and internal temperature difference is not considered.

[0069] In some embodiments of this application, the functional relationship between the combustion gas temperature and the engine operating parameters can be expressed by the following formula (1):

[0070] T gas =a*n 2 -b*T 2 -c*n*T+d*n+f*T+h (1)

[0071] In formula (1), T gas is the virtual combustion temperature; n is the engine speed; T is the engine torque; a, b, c, d, f, and h are all constants, determined according to the engine model.

[0072] In some embodiments of this application, the constants in the above formula (1) can be: a = -9.04e-08, b = 0.000844, c = 7.737e-0.5, d = 0.0178, f = 0.552, h = 91.043.

[0073] In some embodiments of this application, under steady-state conditions, the engine has reached a stable, relatively high temperature. Therefore, the initial intake air temperature is higher than the cold start intake air temperature. To better fit the cold start intake air temperature, the water inlet temperature is used to represent different cold start stages to correct for this phenomenon. After correcting the above formula (1), formula (2) is obtained:

[0074]

[0075] In formula (2), T w,in It is the intake air temperature during cold start; T w,in,measure This is the initial intake air temperature for combustion.

[0076] It should be noted that the temperatures in the modified formula (i.e., formula (2)) are all Kelvin temperatures.

[0077] In some embodiments of this application, to further improve the accuracy and efficiency of engine cooling system temperature prediction, the engine cooling system temperature prediction method described above may further include the following before step 110:

[0078] By fitting the historical operating parameters of the engine and the heat transfer coefficient between the historical operating parameters and the combustion gas, the first correspondence between the engine operating parameters and the heat transfer coefficient between the combustion gas is obtained.

[0079] By fitting the mass flow rate of the cooling water and the heat transfer coefficient between the mass flow rate of the cooling water and the cylinder wall of the engine, a second corresponding relationship between the mass flow rate of the cooling water and the heat transfer coefficient between the cylinder wall of the engine is obtained.

[0080] Based on the double-plate model corresponding to the engine and the steady-state heat transfer conservation formula between the cooling water and combustion gas in the engine, the first and second correspondences are fitted to obtain the functional relationship between the combustion gas temperature and the engine's operating parameters.

[0081] Among them, historical operating parameters can be the engine's operating parameters before the current prediction of the engine cooling system temperature.

[0082] The first correspondence can be the relationship between the engine's operating parameters and the heat transfer coefficient between the combustion gases.

[0083] The second corresponding relationship can be the relationship between the mass flow rate of cooling water and the heat transfer coefficient between the engine cylinder wall and the cooling water.

[0084] In some embodiments of this application, the historical operating parameters of the engine and the heat transfer coefficient between the historical operating parameters and the combustion gas can be fitted to obtain the first correspondence between the engine operating parameters and the heat transfer coefficient between the combustion gas as shown in formula (3):

[0085] α1=(a1*n 2 -b1*T 2 -c1*n*T+d1*n+f1*T+h1) (3)

[0086] In formula (3), α1 is the heat transfer coefficient between the engine operating parameters and the combustion gas; n is the engine speed; T is the engine torque; a1, b1, c1, d1, f1 and h1 are all constants, which are determined according to the engine model.

[0087] In some embodiments of this application, the constants in the above formula (3) can be: a1 = -6.048e-07, b1 = 0.00028, c1 = 0.000143, d1 = 0.0497, f1 = 0.00868, h1 = 35.6212.

[0088] In some embodiments of this application, the mass flow rate of the cooling water and the heat transfer coefficient between the mass flow rate of the cooling water and the cylinder wall of the engine can be fitted to obtain a second correspondence between the mass flow rate of the cooling water and the heat transfer coefficient between the cylinder wall of the engine, as shown in formula (4).

[0089]

[0090] In formula (4), α2 is the heat transfer coefficient between the mass flow rate of cooling water and the cylinder wall of the engine. The mass flow rate of the engine cooling water is represented by a2, b2, and c2, which are constant quantities determined according to the engine model.

[0091] In some embodiments of this application, the constants in the above formula (3) can be: a2 = -2561.3, b2 = 186.6, c2 = 971.9.

[0092] In some embodiments of this application, after obtaining the first and second correspondence expressions, the first and second correspondence expressions can be fitted according to the steady-state heat transfer conservation formula between the cooling water and combustion gas in the engine based on the double-layer flat plate model corresponding to the engine, so as to obtain the functional relationship between the combustion gas temperature and the engine operating parameters.

[0093] In the embodiments of this application, by calculating the heat transfer coefficient between the engine cooling systems, the functional relationship between combustion gas temperature and engine operating parameters can be calculated based on this heat transfer coefficient, eliminating the need for other redundant calculations. This improves the calculation efficiency of the functional relationship between combustion gas temperature and engine operating parameters, thereby improving the efficiency of engine cooling system temperature prediction. Furthermore, when calculating the heat transfer coefficient between the engine cooling systems, only the engine operating parameters and the mass flow rate of the coolant are used, eliminating the need for other parameters with insufficient accuracy, such as cylinder wall roughness, thus improving the accuracy of engine cooling system temperature prediction.

[0094] In some embodiments of this application, to further improve the accuracy and efficiency of engine cooling system temperature prediction, the first and second correspondences are fitted based on the engine's corresponding double-plate model and the steady-state heat transfer conservation formula between the cooling water and combustion gases within the engine, to obtain a functional relationship between the combustion gas temperature and the engine's operating parameters. Specifically, this may include:

[0095] Based on the first heat exchange area between the cylinder wall and the combustion gas, the second heat exchange area between the cylinder wall and the cooling water, and the heat conduction area of ​​the cylinder wall, the first and second corresponding relationships are fitted to obtain the thermal resistance relationship of heat conduction inside the engine.

[0096] Based on the thermal resistance relationship of heat conduction, the double-plate model of the engine, and the steady-state heat transfer conservation formula between cooling water and combustion gas in the engine, the length from the inlet to the outlet of the inner cylinder wall in the engine is integrated to obtain the third relationship.

[0097] By fitting the third relational expression to the engine's operating parameters using a quadratic function, the functional relationship between combustion gas temperature and engine operating parameters is obtained.

[0098] The third relationship can be the correspondence between the inlet temperature of the combustion gas, the inlet temperature of the cooling water, and the outlet temperature of the cooling water.

[0099] In some embodiments of this application, during steady-state processes, the temperature of the outer cylinder wall and the cooling water temperature are very close. Therefore, it can be considered that the heat exchange between the cooling water and the outer cylinder wall is small and has little impact on the temperature change of the cooling water. When considering the temperature change of the cooling water, the heat exchange between the cooling water and the inner cylinder wall is mainly considered. The first and second corresponding relationships are fitted by the heat exchange area between the inner cylinder wall and the combustion gas and the cooling water, respectively, and the heat conduction area of ​​the inner cylinder wall. According to the steady-state heat exchange series heat exchange formula, the following formula (5) shows the thermal resistance relationship of heat conduction in the engine:

[0100]

[0101] In formula (5), T gas T represents the temperature of the combustion gases. w A1 is the heat exchange area between the combustion gases and the cylinder wall; A2 is the heat conduction area of ​​the cylinder wall; A3 is the heat exchange area between the cylinder wall and the cooling water; λ1 is the thermal conductivity of the cylinder wall (a constant that depends on the material of the cylinder wall); α1 is the heat exchange coefficient between the engine operating parameters and the combustion gases; α2 is the heat exchange coefficient between the mass flow rate of the cooling water and the cylinder wall of the engine.

[0102] In some embodiments of this application, for ease of calculation, A1 = A2 = A3 may be set. Then we can obtain formula (6):

[0103] Q = α * A * (T) gas -T w (6)

[0104] In formula (5), A1 = A2 = A3 = A; T gas T represents the temperature of the combustion gases. w This refers to the temperature of the cooling water.

[0105] Then, based on the steady-state heat transfer energy conservation formulas (7) and (8), formulas (7) and (8) are combined, and the length from the inlet to the outlet of the inner cylinder wall in the engine is integrated to obtain the third relationship between the inlet temperature of the combustion gas and the cooling water and the outlet temperature of the cooling water (i.e., formula (9)):

[0106]

[0107] In formula (7), C p The specific heat of cooling water at constant pressure; dT is the mass flow rate of engine coolant. w This is the difference between the inlet and outlet temperatures of the cooling water.

[0108] Q=α*dA*(T gas -T w )=α*L c *dx*(T gas -T w (8)

[0109] In formula (8), L c The characteristic length of the heat exchange components (inner cylinder wall, cooling water, combustion gases, and outer cylinder wall) represents the heat exchange area per unit length, and x is the length of the heat exchange component. T gas T represents the temperature of the combustion gases. w This refers to the temperature of the cooling water.

[0110]

[0111] In formula (9), T gas T represents the temperature of the combustion gases. w，out T represents the outlet temperature of the cooling water. w,in Where A is the inlet temperature of the cooling water; m is the mass of the water; A1 = A2 = A3 = A; C p The specific heat at constant pressure of cooling water.

[0112] For ease of calculation, we can let Thus, by transforming formula (9), we can obtain formula (10):

[0113] T gas =(T w，out -N*T w,in ) / (1-N) (10)

[0114] In formula (10), T gas T represents the temperature of the combustion gases. w，out T represents the outlet temperature of the cooling water. w,in This refers to the inlet temperature of the cooling water.

[0115] This allows us to obtain steady-state experimental data and calculate T for each operating condition. gas This gives us the relationship between engine speed and torque and combustion gas temperature.

[0116] It should be noted that the combustion temperature of the gas inside the engine varies with the stroke, but due to the thermal inertia of the cylinder, the temperature change of the cylinder wall is not significant. Therefore, it can be assumed that the combustion acts on the cylinder wall of the engine at the average temperature over a four-stroke period. After obtaining formula (10), formula (10) can be fitted with the engine operating parameters using a quadratic function to obtain the functional relationship between the combustion gas temperature and the engine operating parameters shown in formula (1) above.

[0117] In the embodiments of this application, by fitting the first and second correspondences based on the first heat exchange area between the cylinder wall and the combustion gases, the second heat exchange area between the cylinder wall and the cooling water, and the heat conduction area of ​​the cylinder wall, the heat conduction resistance relationship within the engine is obtained. Then, based on the heat conduction resistance relationship and the steady-state heat transfer conservation formula between the cooling water and the combustion gases within the engine, a third relationship is obtained. By fitting the third relationship with the engine's operating parameters using a quadratic function, the functional relationship between the combustion gas temperature and the engine's operating parameters can be obtained. Thus, the relationship between the combustion gas temperature and the engine's operating parameters is obtained. In the process of calculating the functional relationship between the engine's operating parameters, only the heat exchange area between the cylinder wall and the combustion gas and cooling water, as well as the heat conduction area of ​​the cylinder wall, are referenced. Other imprecise parameters are not required. This allows for a precise functional relationship between the combustion gas temperature and the engine's operating parameters, thereby improving the accuracy of engine cooling system temperature prediction. Furthermore, the calculation does not require calculating the temperature in the middle of the heat exchanger; only the inlet and outlet temperatures of the heat exchanger need to be calculated. This improves the calculation efficiency of the functional relationship between the combustion gas temperature and the engine's operating parameters, thus enhancing the efficiency of engine cooling system temperature prediction.

[0118] Step 220: Calculate the inner cylinder wall temperature at the second moment based on the first temperature of the inner cylinder wall at the first moment, the combustion gas temperature at the second moment, and the heat transfer principle relationship between the inner cylinder wall and the combustion gas.

[0119] In some embodiments of this application, after calculating the combustion gas temperature at the second moment, the inner cylinder wall temperature at the second moment can be obtained based on the first temperature of the inner cylinder wall at the first moment, the combustion gas temperature at the second moment, and the heat transfer principle relationship between the inner cylinder wall and the combustion gas.

[0120] In some embodiments of this application, the heat exchange principle relationship between the inner cylinder wall and the combustion gas is the above formula (6). Wherein, T gas It could be the combustion gas temperature at the second moment, T w This is the temperature of the inner cylinder wall at the first moment, from which the heat exchange Q between the inner cylinder wall and the combustion gases can be calculated.

[0121] Then, based on the transformation of the above formula (7), the inner cylinder wall temperature at the second moment can be calculated based on the heat exchange Q between the inner cylinder wall and the combustion gas, and the inner cylinder wall temperature at the first moment.

[0122] It should be noted that since formula (7) is the steady-state heat transfer energy conservation formula for cooling water, and the calculation here is for the inner cylinder wall temperature, the steady-state heat transfer energy conservation formula for cooling water in formula (7) can be changed to the steady-state heat transfer energy conservation formula for the inner cylinder wall. Specifically, the formula (7) can be modified by changing the formula (7) to... Replace C with the mass of the inner cylinder wall. p Replace it with the specific heat of the inner cylinder wall, and change dT w Replace with dT B ,dT B This represents the difference between the first temperature of the cylinder wall at the first moment and the cylinder wall temperature at the second moment.

[0123] Thus, the inner cylinder wall temperature at the second moment can be obtained by transforming formula (7).

[0124] Step 230: Calculate the cooling water temperature at the second moment based on the first temperature of the cooling water at the first moment and the heat exchange principle relationship between the inner cylinder wall and the cooling water.

[0125] In some embodiments of this application, in order to accurately calculate the cooling water temperature at the second moment, step 230 may specifically include:

[0126] According to the steady-state heat transfer formula, based on the first temperature of the cooling water at the first moment and the inner cylinder wall temperature at the second moment, the first heat transfer between the cooling water and the inner cylinder wall is calculated.

[0127] The first relationship is obtained by integrating the length from the inlet to the outlet of the inner cylinder wall based on the first heat exchange.

[0128] Based on the first relationship, the first temperature of the cooling water at the first moment, and the inner cylinder wall temperature at the second moment, the first outlet temperature of the cooling water after heat transfer through the inner cylinder wall is calculated.

[0129] Calculate the second heat exchange between the cooling water and the outer cylinder wall based on the first outlet water temperature and the first temperature of the outer cylinder wall at the first moment;

[0130] The second relationship is obtained by integrating the length from the inlet to the outlet of the outer cylinder wall based on the second heat exchange.

[0131] Based on the second relationship, the first outlet water temperature, and the first temperature of the outer cylinder wall at the first moment, the second outlet water temperature after the cooling water has been transferred through the outer cylinder wall is calculated; where the cooling water temperature at the second moment is the second outlet water temperature.

[0132] The first heat exchange can be the heat exchange between the cooling water and the inner cylinder wall.

[0133] The first outlet water temperature can be the temperature of the cooling water after heat transfer through the inner cylinder wall.

[0134] The first relationship can be the relationship between the first temperature of the cooling water, the first outlet temperature of the cooling water after heat transfer through the inner cylinder wall, and the temperature of the inner cylinder wall.

[0135] The second heat exchange can be the heat exchange between the cooling water and the outer cylinder wall.

[0136] The second outlet water temperature can be the temperature of the cooling water after it has transferred heat to the outer cylinder wall.

[0137] The second relationship can be the relationship between the first outlet water temperature, the second outlet water temperature after the cooling water has been heated by the outer cylinder wall, and the first temperature of the outer cylinder wall at the first moment.

[0138] In some embodiments of this application, for plate heat exchange, the cooling water flow rate of a small volume and the first heat exchange between the cooling water and the inner cylinder wall can be calculated based on the first temperature of the cooling water at a first moment and the inner cylinder wall temperature at a second moment, as shown in formula (11):

[0139] Q=α*dA*(T B -T w )=α*L c *dx*(T B -T w (11)

[0140] In formula (11), α is the heat transfer coefficient between the cooling water and the inner cylinder wall (i.e., α2 in formula (4)); L c The characteristic length of the inner cylinder wall represents the heat transfer area per unit length; x is the length of the inner cylinder wall; T B T represents the cylinder wall temperature at the second moment. w This is the initial temperature of the cooling water at the first moment.

[0141] After heat exchange between the inner cylinder wall and the cooling water, the internal energy of the cooling water changes as shown in formula (12):

[0142]

[0143] The above formula (12) is the same as formula (7), and will not be repeated here.

[0144] By combining equations (11) and (12) and integrating over the length from the inlet to the outlet of the inner cylinder wall, we obtain the first relationship between the first temperature of the cooling water, the first outlet temperature of the cooling water after heat transfer through the inner cylinder wall, and the temperature of the inner cylinder wall, as shown in equation (13):

[0145]

[0146] In formula (13), T B T represents the cylinder wall temperature at the second moment. w,in The first temperature of the cooling water at the first moment; T w , out α is the first outlet temperature of the cooling water after heat transfer through the inner cylinder wall; α is the heat transfer coefficient between the cooling water and the inner cylinder wall (i.e., α2 in formula (4)); A is the heat conduction area of ​​the inner cylinder wall; m is the mass of the cooling water; C p The specific heat at constant pressure of cooling water.

[0147] Thus, the first outlet water temperature after the cooling water has been transferred through the inner cylinder wall can be obtained by formula (13).

[0148] Based on the first outlet temperature of the cooling water after heat transfer through the inner cylinder wall, the second heat exchange between the cooling water and the outer cylinder wall can be obtained through formula (14).

[0149] Q = α * A * (T) WB -T w (14)

[0150] In formula (14), α is the heat transfer coefficient between the cooling water and the outer cylinder wall (i.e., α2 in formula (4)); A is the heat conduction area of ​​the outer cylinder wall; T WB The first temperature of the outer cylinder wall at the first moment; T w The first outlet temperature of the cooling water after heat transfer through the inner cylinder wall.

[0151] The second heat exchange between the cooling water and the outer cylinder wall can be calculated using the above formula (14).

[0152] Then, using the steady-state heat transfer energy conservation formula of cooling water (7), the heat transfer per unit volume between cooling water and the outer cylinder wall can be obtained, as shown in formula (15):

[0153]

[0154] In formula (15), T W,x Temperature within each length between the coolant and the outer cylinder wall, T B L is the cylinder wall temperature at the second moment; α is the heat transfer coefficient between the cooling water and the outer cylinder wall (i.e., α2 in formula (4)); A is the heat conduction area of ​​the outer cylinder wall; L c The characteristic length of the outer cylinder wall represents the heat transfer area per unit length; x is the length of the outer cylinder wall; C p The specific heat of cooling water at constant pressure; T w,in The first outlet temperature of the cooling water after heat transfer through the inner cylinder wall.

[0155] Then, by integrating the length from the inlet to the outlet of the outer cylinder wall in the above formula (15), a second relationship is obtained between the first outlet water temperature, the second outlet water temperature after the cooling water has been heated by the outer cylinder wall, and the first temperature of the outer cylinder wall at the first moment, as shown in formula (16):

[0156]

[0157] In formula (16), α is the heat transfer coefficient between the cooling water and the outer cylinder wall (i.e., α2 in formula (4)); A is the heat conduction area of ​​the outer cylinder wall; T B T represents the cylinder wall temperature at the second moment. WB The initial temperature of the outer cylinder wall at the first moment; C is the mass flow rate of the cooling water. p The specific heat of cooling water at constant pressure; T w,in The first outlet temperature of the cooling water after heat transfer through the inner cylinder wall; m is the mass of the outer cylinder wall.

[0158] According to the above formulas (16) and (15), the second outlet water temperature after the cooling water and the outer cylinder wall exchange heat can be obtained, that is, the cooling water temperature at the second moment.

[0159] In the embodiments of this application, the precise final cooling water temperature can be obtained by calculating the temperature at which the inner cylinder wall transfers heat to the cooling water and the temperature at which the cooling water transfers heat to the outer cylinder wall.

[0160] Step 240: Calculate the outer cylinder wall temperature at the second moment based on the first temperature of the outer cylinder wall at the first moment, the heat exchange principle relationship between the outer cylinder wall and the cooling water, and the heat exchange principle relationship between the outer cylinder wall and the external environment.

[0161] To accurately calculate the outer cylinder wall temperature at the second moment, step 240 above can specifically include:

[0162] Based on the first temperature of the outer cylinder wall at the first moment and the second temperature of the cooling water at the second moment, as well as the heat transfer principle relationship between the outer cylinder wall and the cooling water, calculate the second temperature of the outer cylinder wall after the cooling water transfers heat to the outer cylinder wall.

[0163] Based on the second temperature and the heat transfer principle between the outer cylinder wall and the external environment, the temperature of the outer cylinder wall after heat transfer between the outer cylinder wall and the external environment is calculated.

[0164] The second temperature can be the temperature of the outer cylinder wall after the cooling water transfers heat to it.

[0165] In some embodiments of this application, the heat transfer of the cooling water to the outer cylinder wall can be calculated based on the first temperature of the outer cylinder wall at the first moment and the cooling water temperature at the second moment, using the heat transfer principle relationship between the outer cylinder wall and the cooling water in formula (14).

[0166] Then, the second temperature of the outer cylinder wall after the cooling water transfers heat to the outer cylinder wall can be calculated by the heat exchange through the cooling water and by formula (17).

[0167] Q = m * C p *dT WB (17)

[0168] In formula (17), Q is the heat transfer from the cooling water to the outer cylinder wall; m is the mass of the outer cylinder wall; C p dT is the specific heat of the outer cylinder wall. WB It is the difference between the first temperature of the outer cylinder wall at the first moment and the second temperature of the outer cylinder wall after the cooling water transfers heat to the outer cylinder wall.

[0169] Thus, the second temperature of the outer cylinder wall after the cooling water transfers heat to the outer cylinder wall can be calculated using the above formula (17).

[0170] Then, based on the second temperature and the heat transfer principle relationship between the outer cylinder wall and the external environment shown in formula (18), the heat transfer between the outer cylinder wall and the external environment is calculated.

[0171] Q = α * A * (T) WB -T amb (18)

[0172] In formula (18), Q is the heat transfer between the outer cylinder wall and the external environment; α is the heat transfer coefficient between the outer cylinder wall and the external environment; A is the heat conduction area of ​​the outer cylinder wall; T WB The second temperature of the outer cylinder wall after the cooling water transfers heat to it; T amb The first temperature of the external environment at the first moment.

[0173] Then, based on the heat exchange between the outer cylinder wall and the external environment, and formula (19), the temperature of the outer cylinder wall after heat exchange between the outer cylinder wall and the external environment can be calculated.

[0174] Q = m * C p *dT WB (19)

[0175] In formula (17), Q is the heat exchange between the outer cylinder wall and the external environment; m is the mass of the outer cylinder wall; C p dT is the specific heat of the outer cylinder wall. WB The difference between the second temperature of the outer cylinder wall after heat transfer by cooling water and the temperature of the outer cylinder wall after heat transfer between the outer cylinder wall and the external environment.

[0176] Thus, the temperature of the outer cylinder wall after heat transfer between the outer cylinder wall and the external environment can be calculated using the above formula (19).

[0177] In the embodiments of this application, the second temperature of the outer cylinder wall after heat transfer by the cooling water is calculated based on the first temperature of the outer cylinder wall at a first moment and the cooling water temperature at a second moment, as well as the heat transfer principle relationship between the outer cylinder wall and the cooling water; then, based on the second temperature and the heat transfer principle relationship between the outer cylinder wall and the external environment, the temperature of the outer cylinder wall after heat transfer between the outer cylinder wall and the external environment can be accurately calculated.

[0178] Based on the first temperature of the cooling system at the first moment, the temperature of the cooling system at the second moment can be calculated. Then, the temperature of the cooling system at the second moment is used as the first temperature of the cooling system at the first moment to calculate the temperature of the cooling system at the next unit time step of the second moment. This process is repeated until the temperature of the cooling system at the target moment (i.e., the target temperature) is calculated.

[0179] It should be noted that the engine cooling system temperature prediction method provided in this application embodiment can be executed by an engine cooling system temperature prediction device or a control module in the engine cooling system temperature prediction device for executing the engine cooling system temperature prediction method.

[0180] Based on the same inventive concept as the engine cooling system temperature prediction method described above, this application also provides an information processing device. The following is in conjunction with... Figure 4 The engine cooling system temperature prediction device provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail.

[0181] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an engine cooling system temperature prediction device according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0182] like Figure 4 As shown, the engine cooling system temperature prediction device 400 may include:

[0183] The acquisition module 410 is used to acquire the first temperature of the engine cooling system at the initial moment, the engine operating parameters, and the target moment; wherein the cooling system includes at least cooling water, inner cylinder wall, and outer cylinder wall;

[0184] The first determining module 420 is used to determine the number of unit time steps required from the initial time to the target time based on a preset unit time step.

[0185] The second determining module 430 is used to perform a set number of iterative calculations based on the first temperature and the engine's operating parameters to obtain the target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target time; wherein the set number of calculations is equal to the quantity.

[0186] In the embodiments of this application, the first temperature of the engine cooling system at the initial moment, the engine operating parameters, and the target moment are obtained by the acquisition module. Then, the number of unit time steps i required from the initial moment to the target moment is determined by the first determination module. Then, the target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target moment is obtained by the i-th iteration calculation based on the first temperature of the engine cooling system at the initial moment and the engine operating parameters by the second determination module. In this way, when calculating the target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target moment, it is not necessary to refer to parameters such as the cylinder wall roughness of the engine, which are immeasurable due to the engine's operation. The target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target moment is more accurate. Moreover, when calculating the target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target moment, it is only necessary to rely on the first temperature of the engine cooling system at the initial moment and the engine operating parameters for calculation, without relying on too many other parameters. In addition, the calculation is based on the heat exchange principle between the engine cooling systems, without calculating other intermediate parameters, saving calculation time and improving the calculation efficiency of the target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target moment.

[0187] In some embodiments of this application, the second determining module 430 implements the calculation process for each iteration as follows:

[0188] Based on the engine's operating parameters at the first moment and the first functional relationship, the combustion gas temperature of the engine at the second moment is calculated; wherein, the first functional relationship is obtained by fitting the engine's corresponding double-layer flat plate model; the initial value of the first moment is the initial moment, and the interval between the first moment and the second moment is a unit time step; the first functional relationship is the functional relationship between the combustion gas temperature and the engine's operating parameters.

[0189] The inner cylinder wall temperature at the second moment is calculated based on the first temperature of the inner cylinder wall at the first moment, the combustion gas temperature at the second moment, and the heat transfer principle relationship between the inner cylinder wall and the combustion gas.

[0190] Based on the first temperature of the cooling water at the first moment and the heat exchange principle relationship between the inner cylinder wall and the cooling water, the cooling water temperature at the second moment is calculated.

[0191] Based on the first temperature of the outer cylinder wall at the first moment, the heat exchange principle relationship between the outer cylinder wall and the cooling water, and the heat exchange principle relationship between the outer cylinder wall and the external environment, the temperature of the outer cylinder wall at the second moment is calculated.

[0192] In some embodiments of this application, in order to accurately calculate the cooling water temperature at the second moment, the second determining module may be specifically used for:

[0193] According to the steady-state heat transfer formula, the first heat transfer between the cooling water and the inner cylinder wall is calculated based on the first temperature of the cooling water at the first moment and the inner cylinder wall temperature at the second moment.

[0194] Integrating the length from the inlet to the outlet of the inner cylinder wall based on the first heat exchange, a first relationship is obtained. The first relationship is the relationship between the first temperature of the cooling water, the first outlet temperature of the cooling water after heat transfer through the inner cylinder wall, and the temperature of the inner cylinder wall.

[0195] Based on the first relationship, the first temperature of the cooling water at the first moment, and the inner cylinder wall temperature at the second moment, calculate the first outlet temperature of the cooling water after heat transfer through the inner cylinder wall.

[0196] Based on the first outlet water temperature and the first temperature of the outer cylinder wall at the first moment, calculate the second heat exchange between the cooling water and the outer cylinder wall;

[0197] The second relationship is obtained by integrating the length from the inlet to the outlet of the outer cylinder wall based on the second heat exchange. The second relationship is the relationship between the first outlet water temperature and the second outlet water temperature of the cooling water after heat transfer through the outer cylinder wall, and the first temperature of the outer cylinder wall at the first moment.

[0198] Based on the second relationship, the first outlet water temperature, and the first temperature of the outer cylinder wall at the first moment, the second outlet water temperature of the cooling water after heat transfer through the outer cylinder wall is calculated; wherein, the cooling water temperature at the second moment is the second outlet water temperature.

[0199] In some embodiments of this application, in order to accurately calculate the outer cylinder wall temperature at the second moment, the second determining module may be specifically used for:

[0200] Based on the first temperature of the outer cylinder wall at the first moment and the cooling water temperature at the second moment, as well as the heat transfer principle relationship between the outer cylinder wall and the cooling water, calculate the second temperature of the outer cylinder wall after the cooling water transfers heat to the outer cylinder wall;

[0201] Based on the second temperature and the heat exchange principle relationship between the outer cylinder wall and the external environment, the temperature of the outer cylinder wall after heat transfer between the outer cylinder wall and the external environment is calculated.

[0202] In some embodiments of this application, to further improve the accuracy and efficiency of engine cooling system temperature prediction, the aforementioned engine cooling system temperature prediction device may further include:

[0203] The third determining module is used to fit the historical operating parameters of the engine and the heat transfer coefficient between the historical operating parameters and the combustion gas to obtain the first correspondence between the operating parameters of the engine and the heat transfer coefficient between the combustion gas.

[0204] The fourth determining module is used to fit the mass flow rate of the cooling water and the heat transfer coefficient between the mass flow rate of the cooling water and the cylinder wall of the engine to obtain a second correspondence between the mass flow rate of the cooling water and the heat transfer coefficient between the cylinder wall of the engine.

[0205] The fifth determining module is used to fit the first and second corresponding relationships based on the double-layer flat plate model corresponding to the engine and the steady-state heat transfer conservation formula between the cooling water and combustion gas in the engine, so as to obtain the functional relationship between the combustion gas temperature and the engine operating parameters.

[0206] In some embodiments of this application, in order to further improve the accuracy and efficiency of engine cooling system temperature prediction, the fifth determining module may specifically be used for:

[0207] Based on the first heat exchange area between the inner cylinder wall and the combustion gas, the second heat exchange area between the inner cylinder wall and the cooling water, and the heat conduction area of ​​the inner cylinder wall, the first and second corresponding relationships are fitted to obtain the thermal resistance relationship of heat conduction inside the engine.

[0208] Based on the heat conduction thermal resistance relationship, the double-plate model corresponding to the engine, and the steady-state heat transfer conservation formula between the cooling water and combustion gas in the engine, the length from the inlet to the outlet of the inner cylinder wall in the engine is integrated to obtain a third relationship; wherein, the third relationship is the relationship between the inlet temperature of the combustion gas, the inlet temperature of the cooling water, and the outlet temperature of the cooling water; the third relationship is fitted with the engine operating parameters using a quadratic function to obtain the functional relationship between the combustion gas temperature and the engine operating parameters.

[0209] In some embodiments of this application, the functional relationship between the combustion gas temperature and the engine operating parameters is as follows:

[0210] T gas =a*n 2 -b*T 2 -c*n*T+d*n+e*T*f

[0211] Among them, T gas is the virtual combustion temperature; n is the engine speed; T is the engine torque; a, b, c, d, e, and f are all constants, determined according to the engine model.

[0212] The engine cooling system temperature prediction device provided in this application embodiment can be used to execute the engine cooling system temperature prediction method provided in the above method embodiments. Its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, and will not be described in detail here for the sake of brevity.

[0213] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device.

[0214] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device may include a processor 501 and a memory 502 storing computer programs or instructions.

[0215] Specifically, the processor 501 may include a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits that can be configured to implement the embodiments of the present invention.

[0216] Memory 502 may include mass storage for data or instructions. For example, and not limitingly, memory 502 may include a hard disk drive (HDD), floppy disk drive, flash memory, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, magnetic tape, or Universal Serial Bus (USB) drive, or a combination of two or more of these. Where appropriate, memory 502 may include removable or non-removable (or fixed) media. Where appropriate, memory 502 may be internal or external to the integrated gateway disaster recovery device. In a particular embodiment, memory 502 is non-volatile solid-state memory. Memory may include read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), disk storage media devices, optical storage media devices, flash memory devices, electrical, optical, or other physical / tangible memory storage devices. Therefore, typically, a memory includes one or more tangible (non-transitory) computer-readable storage media (e.g., memory devices) encoded with software including computer-executable instructions, and when the software is executed (e.g., by one or more processors), it is operable to perform the operations described in the engine cooling system temperature prediction method provided in the above embodiments.

[0217] The processor 501 reads and executes computer program instructions stored in the memory 502 to implement any of the engine cooling system temperature prediction methods in the above embodiments.

[0218] In one example, the electronic device may also include a communication interface 503 and a bus 510. Wherein, as... Figure 5 As shown, the processor 501, memory 502, and communication interface 503 are connected through bus 510 and complete communication with each other.

[0219] The communication interface 503 is mainly used to realize communication between various modules, devices, units and / or devices in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0220] Bus 510 includes hardware, software, or both, that couples components of an electronic device together. For example, and not limitingly, the bus may include an Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) or other graphics bus, an Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, a Front Side Bus (FSB), HyperTransport (HT) interconnect, an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, an Infinite Bandwidth Interconnect, a Low Pin Count (LPC) bus, a memory bus, a Microchannel Architecture (MCA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, a PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, a Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) bus, a Video Electronics Standards Association Local (VLB) bus, or other suitable buses, or combinations of two or more of these. Where appropriate, bus 510 may include one or more buses. Although specific buses are described and illustrated in embodiments of the invention, the invention contemplates any suitable bus or interconnect.

[0221] This electronic device can execute the engine cooling system temperature prediction method in the embodiments of the present invention, thereby achieving... Figure 1 A method for predicting engine cooling system temperature is described.

[0222] Furthermore, in conjunction with the engine cooling system temperature prediction method in the above embodiments, this invention can be implemented using a readable storage medium. This readable storage medium stores program instructions; when these program instructions are executed by a processor, they implement any of the engine cooling system temperature prediction methods in the above embodiments.

[0223] Furthermore, in conjunction with the engine cooling system temperature prediction method in the above embodiments, this invention can provide a vehicle for implementation. The vehicle includes the engine cooling system temperature prediction device, engine cooling system temperature prediction equipment, and computer-readable storage medium described in the above embodiments.

[0224] It should be clarified that the present invention is not limited to the specific configurations and processes described above and shown in the figures. For the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of known methods are omitted here. In the above embodiments, several specific steps are described and shown as examples. However, the method process of the present invention is not limited to the specific steps described and shown. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications, and additions, or change the order of steps, after understanding the spirit of the present invention.

[0225] The functional blocks shown in the above-described structural diagram can be implemented as hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. When implemented in hardware, they can be, for example, electronic circuits, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), appropriate firmware, plug-ins, function cards, etc. When implemented in software, the elements of this invention are programs or code segments used to perform the required tasks. The programs or code segments can be stored on a machine-readable medium or transmitted over a transmission medium or communication link via data signals carried in a carrier wave. "Machine-readable medium" can include any medium capable of storing or transmitting information. Examples of machine-readable media include electronic circuits, semiconductor memory devices, ROM, flash memory, erasable ROM (EROM), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, fiber optic media, radio frequency (RF) links, etc. Code segments can be downloaded via computer networks such as the Internet, intranets, etc.

[0226] It should also be noted that the exemplary embodiments mentioned in this invention describe methods or systems based on a series of steps or apparatus. However, this invention is not limited to the order of the steps described above; that is, the steps can be performed in the order mentioned in the embodiments, or in a different order, or several steps can be performed simultaneously.

[0227] The aspects of this application have been described above with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It should be understood that each block in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine such that these instructions, executable via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, enable the implementation of the functions / actions specified in one or more blocks of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Such a processor can be, but is not limited to, a general-purpose processor, a special-purpose processor, a special application processor, or a field-programmable logic circuit. It is also understood that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can also be implemented by dedicated hardware performing the specified functions or actions, or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0228] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the term "comprising" or any other variations thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0229] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, modules, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for predicting the temperature of an engine cooling system, characterized in that, The method includes: The engine cooling system is acquired at an initial temperature, along with the engine's operating parameters and a target time. The cooling system comprises at least coolant, an inner cylinder wall, and an outer cylinder wall. Based on the preset unit time step, determine the number of unit time steps required from the initial time to the target time; Based on the first temperature and the engine's operating parameters, a set number of iterative calculations are performed to obtain the target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target time; wherein, the set number of calculations is equal to the quantity. Each iteration of the calculation process includes: Based on the engine's operating parameters at the first moment and the first functional relationship, the combustion gas temperature of the engine at the second moment is calculated; wherein, the first functional relationship is obtained by fitting the engine's corresponding double-layer flat plate model; the initial value of the first moment is the initial moment, and the interval between the first moment and the second moment is a unit time step; the first functional relationship is the functional relationship between the combustion gas temperature and the engine's operating parameters. The inner cylinder wall temperature at the second moment is calculated based on the first temperature of the inner cylinder wall at the first moment, the combustion gas temperature at the second moment, and the heat transfer principle relationship between the inner cylinder wall and the combustion gas. Based on the first temperature of the cooling water at the first moment and the heat exchange principle relationship between the inner cylinder wall and the cooling water, the cooling water temperature at the second moment is calculated. Based on the first temperature of the outer cylinder wall at the first moment, the heat exchange principle relationship between the outer cylinder wall and the cooling water, and the heat exchange principle relationship between the outer cylinder wall and the external environment, the temperature of the outer cylinder wall at the second moment is calculated.

2. The engine cooling system temperature prediction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of calculating the cooling water temperature at the second moment based on the first temperature of the cooling water at the first moment and the heat transfer principle relationship between the inner cylinder wall and the cooling water includes: According to the steady-state heat transfer formula, the first heat transfer between the cooling water and the inner cylinder wall is calculated based on the first temperature of the cooling water at the first moment and the inner cylinder wall temperature at the second moment. The first relationship is obtained by integrating the length from the inlet to the outlet of the inner cylinder wall based on the first heat exchange; wherein, the first relationship is the relationship between the first temperature of the cooling water, the first outlet temperature of the cooling water after heat transfer through the inner cylinder wall, and the temperature of the inner cylinder wall. Based on the first relationship, the first temperature of the cooling water at the first moment, and the inner cylinder wall temperature at the second moment, calculate the first outlet temperature of the cooling water after heat transfer through the inner cylinder wall. Based on the first outlet water temperature and the first temperature of the outer cylinder wall at the first moment, calculate the second heat exchange between the cooling water and the outer cylinder wall; The second relationship is obtained by integrating the length from the inlet to the outlet of the outer cylinder wall based on the second heat exchange. The second relationship is the relationship between the first outlet water temperature and the second outlet water temperature of the cooling water after heat transfer through the outer cylinder wall, and the first temperature of the outer cylinder wall at the first moment. Based on the second relationship, the first outlet water temperature, and the first temperature of the outer cylinder wall at the first moment, the second outlet water temperature of the cooling water after heat transfer through the outer cylinder wall is calculated; wherein, the cooling water temperature at the second moment is the second outlet water temperature.

3. The engine cooling system temperature prediction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of calculating the outer cylinder wall temperature at the second moment based on the first temperature of the outer cylinder wall at the first moment, the heat transfer principle relationship between the outer cylinder wall and the cooling water, and the heat transfer principle relationship between the outer cylinder wall and the external environment includes: Based on the first temperature of the outer cylinder wall at the first moment and the cooling water temperature at the second moment, as well as the heat transfer principle relationship between the outer cylinder wall and the cooling water, calculate the second temperature of the outer cylinder wall after the cooling water transfers heat to the outer cylinder wall; Based on the second temperature and the heat exchange principle relationship between the outer cylinder wall and the external environment, the temperature of the outer cylinder wall after heat transfer between the outer cylinder wall and the external environment is calculated.

4. The engine cooling system temperature prediction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before acquiring the first temperature of the engine cooling system at the initial moment, the engine operating parameters, and the target moment, the method further includes: By fitting the historical operating parameters of the engine and the heat transfer coefficient between the historical operating parameters and the combustion gas, a first correspondence between the engine operating parameters and the heat transfer coefficient between the combustion gas is obtained. The mass flow rate of the cooling water and the heat transfer coefficient between the mass flow rate of the cooling water and the cylinder wall of the engine are fitted to obtain a second corresponding relationship between the mass flow rate of the cooling water and the heat transfer coefficient between the cylinder wall of the engine. Based on the double-plate model corresponding to the engine and the steady-state heat transfer conservation formula between the cooling water and combustion gas in the engine, the first and second correspondences are fitted to obtain the functional relationship between the combustion gas temperature and the engine's operating parameters.

5. The engine cooling system temperature prediction method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first and second correspondences are fitted based on the double-plate model corresponding to the engine and the steady-state heat transfer conservation formula between the cooling water and combustion gases in the engine to obtain the functional relationship between the combustion gas temperature and the engine's operating parameters, including: Based on the first heat exchange area between the inner cylinder wall and the combustion gas, the second heat exchange area between the inner cylinder wall and the cooling water, and the heat conduction area of ​​the inner cylinder wall, the first and second corresponding relationships are fitted to obtain the thermal resistance relationship of heat conduction inside the engine. Based on the heat conduction thermal resistance relationship and the double-plate model corresponding to the engine, as well as the steady-state heat transfer conservation formula between the cooling water and combustion gas in the engine, the length from the inlet to the outlet of the inner cylinder wall in the engine is integrated to obtain the third relationship; wherein, the third relationship is the relationship between the inlet temperature of the combustion gas and the cooling water and the outlet temperature of the cooling water. The third relation is fitted with the engine's operating parameters using a quadratic function to obtain the functional relationship between the combustion gas temperature and the engine's operating parameters.

6. The engine cooling system temperature prediction method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The functional relationship between the combustion gas temperature and the engine operating parameters is as follows: in, is the virtual combustion temperature; n is the engine speed; T is the engine torque; a, b, c, d, e, and f are all constants and are determined according to the engine model.

7. A temperature prediction device for an engine cooling system, characterized in that, The device includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire the first temperature of the engine cooling system at an initial moment, the engine's operating parameters, and the target moment; wherein the cooling system includes at least cooling water, an inner cylinder wall, and an outer cylinder wall; The first determining module is used to determine the number of unit time steps required from the initial time to the target time based on a preset unit time step. The second determining module is used to perform a set number of iterative calculations based on the first temperature and the engine's operating parameters to obtain the target temperature of the engine cooling system at the target time; wherein the set number of calculations is equal to the quantity. The second determining module is used to implement the calculation process for each iteration, specifically including: Based on the engine's operating parameters at the first moment and the first functional relationship, the combustion gas temperature of the engine at the second moment is calculated; wherein, the first functional relationship is obtained by fitting the engine's corresponding double-layer flat plate model; the initial value of the first moment is the initial moment, and the interval between the first moment and the second moment is a unit time step; the first functional relationship is the functional relationship between the combustion gas temperature and the engine's operating parameters. The inner cylinder wall temperature at the second moment is calculated based on the first temperature of the inner cylinder wall at the first moment, the combustion gas temperature at the second moment, and the heat transfer principle relationship between the inner cylinder wall and the combustion gas. Based on the first temperature of the cooling water at the first moment and the heat exchange principle relationship between the inner cylinder wall and the cooling water, the cooling water temperature at the second moment is calculated. Based on the first temperature of the outer cylinder wall at the first moment, the heat exchange principle relationship between the outer cylinder wall and the cooling water, and the heat exchange principle relationship between the outer cylinder wall and the external environment, the temperature of the outer cylinder wall at the second moment is calculated.

8. A temperature prediction device for an engine cooling system, characterized in that, The temperature prediction device includes a processor and a memory storing computer program instructions; when the processor executes the computer program instructions, it implements the engine cooling system temperature prediction method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the engine cooling system temperature prediction method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes at least one of the following: The engine cooling system temperature prediction device as described in claim 7; The engine cooling system temperature prediction device as described in claim 8; The computer-readable storage medium as described in claim 9.

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