A replaceable main bearing seal structure of a tunneling machine and a replacement method

Abstract

A kind of tunnelling machine main bearing sealing structure and replacement method of replacement in hole, external end cover, internal end cover, compression ring, multiple sealing rings and multiple isolation rings are arranged between main bearing inner ring and main bearing outer ring, external end cover, internal end cover, compression ring, multiple sealing rings and multiple isolation rings are coaxially arranged with main bearing inner ring and main bearing outer ring, the opening of main bearing inner ring and main bearing outer ring is closed by external end cover, internal end cover and compression ring, when external end cover, internal end cover and compression ring are disassembled, maintenance personnel can remove each sealing ring and isolation ring from the opening of main bearing inner ring and main bearing outer ring, without disassembling main drive of tunnelling machine, so that main bearing sealing structure can be replaced in tunnel.The design not only can replace main bearing sealing structure in tunnel, but also can carry out maintenance operation inside cutterhead, effectively reduce the personal safety risk of maintenance personnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for replacing the seal of a tunneling machine, and more particularly to a tunneling machine main bearing seal structure and replacement method that can be replaced inside the tunnel. Background Technology

[0002] The main drive is an important component of various types of TBM tunnel boring machines, such as earth pressure, slurry, and hard rock machines. The seal is one of the core structures of the main drive, which plays a sealing and protection role for the main bearing and the transmission gear pair of the main drive. At present, the main bearing sealing structure used in domestic tunnel boring machines is mainly radial sealing, that is, sealing the main bearing with multiple radial lip seals and injecting grease into the cavity between adjacent seals. Due to the structure of the lip seal, the grease can only flow out of the cavity, thereby achieving the sealing effect.

[0003] However, since the inner ring of the TBM spindle or main bearing needs to rotate with the outer ring of the main bearing, the seal ring will still wear. At the same time, during the tunneling and rock breaking process of using TBM, a large amount of dust and fine sand particles are generated. After the sand particles enter the sealing gap, they will accelerate the wear of the seal ring. With the accumulation of wear over a long period of use, the lip seal ring will be damaged and the seal will fail. Once the seal fails, it must be replaced. Otherwise, foreign objects such as slag will enter the main drive bearing and transmission gear, causing damage to critical components.

[0004] Due to the complex construction environment of tunnel boring machines and the limited space inside the tunnel, the current conventional method of replacing seals requires processing the soil and rock strata in front of the tunnel boring machine or excavating a vertical shaft to create maintenance space. Then, the main drive is removed and disassembled inside the equipment, and the cutterhead is moved a considerable distance away to provide space for disassembly. After the seal is replaced, it is then reinstalled.

[0005] Although this device can replace the damaged internal seal of the main bearing of a tunneling machine, it still has the following drawbacks:

[0006] 1. Sealing replacement work requires processing of the soil and rock strata or excavation of vertical shafts to create maintenance space, and dismantling and disassembling the main drive, resulting in a long maintenance cycle and high cost.

[0007] 2. When performing seal replacement work inside the tunnel, the cutterhead and main drive need to be removed and disassembled, and maintenance personnel are directly exposed to the soil and rock layers, resulting in a high risk to their personal safety.

[0008] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance understanding of the overall background of this application and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of long maintenance cycles and high costs in the existing technology, and to provide a tunneling machine main bearing sealing structure and replacement method that can be replaced inside the tunnel with short maintenance cycles and low costs.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0011] A tunnel boring machine main bearing sealing structure that can be replaced inside the tunnel, the main bearing sealing structure includes: a main bearing inner ring, a main bearing outer ring, an outer end cover, an inner end cover, a clamping ring, multiple sealing rings and multiple support rings;

[0012] The inner ring of the main bearing is fitted onto the tunneling machine support base, and the outer ring of the main bearing is fitted onto the inner ring of the main bearing. A cutterhead is fixedly installed on the end face of the outer ring of the main bearing near the head of the tunneling machine. A main drive center hole is opened in the middle of the tunneling machine support base. The outer edge of the main drive center hole is fixedly connected to the end of the slag collection trough. The slag collection trough is arranged opposite to the cutterhead. A main machine belt conveyor is installed on the top of the slag collection trough. The end of the main machine belt conveyor is inserted into the main drive center hole. The main machine belt conveyor is driven by the tunneling machine support base through the tunneling machine hydraulic system. A material receiving chamber is opened between the cutterhead and the slag collection trough.

[0013] The outer end cap, inner end cap, clamping ring, multiple sealing rings, and multiple support rings are all disposed between the inner ring and outer ring of the main bearing. The outer end cap, inner end cap, clamping ring, multiple sealing rings, and multiple support rings are all coaxially disposed with the inner ring and outer ring of the main bearing. The outer end cap, inner end cap, clamping ring, multiple sealing rings, and multiple support rings are disposed sequentially from the outer side to the inner side of the main bearing. The inner end cap, outer end cap, and clamping ring are mutually cooperating annular structures.

[0014] The outer edge of the inner end face of the outer end cap is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the outer end face of the clamping ring by bolts. The outer edge of the inner end face of the outer end cap is sealed to the outer edge of the outer end face of the clamping ring. The outer edge of the inner end face of the clamping ring is fixedly connected to the outer end face of the outer ring of the main bearing by bolts. The inner edge of the inner end face of the inner end cap is fixedly connected to the outer end face of the inner ring of the main bearing by bolts. The outer edge of the inner end cap is located between the outer end cap and the inner edge of the clamping ring. The inner end cap is rotatably connected to the outer end cap and the clamping ring. An outer limiting ring is fixedly provided on the inner edge of the inner end face of the outer ring of the main bearing. Multiple sealing rings and multiple support rings are sequentially provided between the inner edge of the inner end face of the clamping ring and the outer limiting ring from the outer side to the inner side of the main bearing.

[0015] The clamping ring has a first grease hole, and the outer ring of the main bearing has a second grease hole and a detection hole. The second grease hole is located between two sealing rings, and the detection hole is located between two sealing rings near the inner side of the main bearing. The two ends of the first grease hole, the second grease hole, and the detection hole are respectively connected to the inner wall and the outer wall of the outer ring of the main bearing. The support ring has a through hole corresponding to the second grease hole and the detection hole. The gap between the inner ring of the main bearing, the two sealing rings, and the multiple support rings together form an auxiliary sealing cavity. The auxiliary sealing cavity is connected to the grease outlet of the grease pump through the second grease hole and its corresponding through hole. The auxiliary sealing cavity is connected to the outer wall of the outer ring of the main bearing through the detection hole.

[0016] The diameter of the inner edge of the cutter head is smaller than the diameter of the outer end cover, and the distance between the top of the slag collection trough and the inner edge of the cutter head is greater than the gap between the inner ring and the outer ring of the main bearing.

[0017] A method for replacing the seal structure of a tunnel boring machine's main bearing that can be replaced inside a tunnel, the method comprising the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Repair and diagnosis. The maintenance personnel regularly observe the opening of the test hole on the outer ring of the main bearing. When grease or sand particles are found in the test hole, it indicates that the seal between the test hole and the cutter head has failed. When gear oil is found in the test hole, it indicates that the seal on the side of the test hole away from the cutter head has failed. When any seal fails, proceed to the second step of maintenance preparation.

[0019] Step 2: Maintenance preparation. The maintenance personnel shut down the tunneling machine and control the hydraulic system of the tunneling machine to move the main conveyor belt away from the support base of the tunneling machine until the main conveyor belt disengages from the main drive center hole and makes room for the maintenance personnel to pass through. At this time, the maintenance personnel enter the receiving chamber through the main drive center hole. After the maintenance personnel enter the receiving chamber, they remove the slag conveyor belt on the main conveyor belt and clean the mud and gravel in the cutter head gap. Then, they clean the mud and sand on the outer end cover and the inner end cover with high pressure water. After the mud and sand on the outer end cover and the inner end cover are cleaned, they wipe the outer end cover and the inner end cover dry with a clean cotton cloth. After the outer end cover and the inner end cover are dried, they proceed to the third step of disassembling the end cover.

[0020] Step 3: Remove the end cover. Remove the bolts connecting the outer end cover and the clamping ring, and remove the outer end cover. After removing the outer end cover, remove the bolts connecting the inner end cover and the inner ring of the main bearing, and remove the inner end cover. After removing the inner end cover, remove the bolts connecting the clamping ring and the outer ring of the main bearing, and remove the clamping ring. After removing the clamping ring, proceed to Step 4: Remove the sealing ring.

[0021] Step 4: Remove the sealing ring. Use a scraper to remove the grease from the outermost sealing ring, and use a sealing ring removal tool to detach the sealing ring from the support ring it is mating with. After the sealing ring is detached from the support ring, move the sealing ring to the outer opening of the inner ring and outer ring of the main bearing, and tilt the sealing ring so that the top of the sealing ring passes through the gap between the slag collection groove and the cutter head. At this time, the maintenance personnel can take out the sealing ring from the opening side of the cutter head. After removing the sealing ring, proceed to step 5: Remove the support ring.

[0022] Step 5: Remove the support ring. Use a scraper to remove the grease from the outermost support ring, and use a seal removal tool to detach the support ring from the seal ring it is mating with. After the support ring is detached from the seal ring, move the support ring to the outer opening of the inner and outer rings of the main bearing, and tilt the support ring so that the top of the support ring passes through the gap between the slag collection groove and the cutter head. At this time, the maintenance personnel can remove the support ring from the opening side of the cutter head. After removing the support ring, repeat the step 4 of removing the seal ring until all seal rings and support rings in the main bearing sealing structure have been removed. Then proceed to step 6, cleaning the main bearing.

[0023] Step 6: Clean the main bearing. Remove sand and other foreign objects between the inner and outer rings of the main bearing. Wipe the outer end cover, inner end cover, and clamping ring with a clean cotton cloth and diesel oil. After wiping, clean the outer end cover, inner end cover, and clamping ring with industrial cleaning agent. At the same time, use compressed air to blow the first grease hole, second grease hole, inspection hole, and through hole from top to bottom through the inner ring to the outer ring of the main bearing. When there are no visible impurities or oil stains between the inner and outer rings of the main bearing, proceed to step 7, check the support ring.

[0024] Step 7: Inspect the support rings. Clean each support ring removed in Step 5 with a soft cloth. After cleaning, the maintenance personnel visually inspect each support ring for damage and deformation. If there is minor wear on the support ring, repair the wear with metal repair adhesive. If there is minor deformation on the support ring, the maintenance personnel will perform on-site correction and repair. If the wear and deformation are too large to be repaired on-site, replace the support ring. When there is no wear or deformation on all support rings, proceed to Step 8: Install the main bearing seal.

[0025] Step 8: Install the main bearing seal. Repeat the main bearing cleaning steps in Step 6. Once there are no visible impurities or oil stains between the inner and outer rings of the main bearing, remove a new set of seals. Apply grease to the shaft ends and shoulders of each seal and support ring in the order of installation, from the inside out. After applying grease to each seal or support ring, insert it through the gap between the slag collection groove and the cutter head into the inner and outer rings of the main bearing. Between these steps, the sealing ring or support ring is pressed into the installation position using a sealing ring installation tool. After the sealing ring or support ring is pressed into place, the sealing lip of the sealing ring is checked to see if it has flipped. If the sealing lip of the sealing ring has flipped, the sealing ring needs to be removed and reinstalled. If the sealing lip of the sealing ring has not flipped, the maintenance personnel apply grease to the end face of the sealing ring or support ring and install the next sealing ring or support ring in the same way. After all the sealing rings or support rings have been installed, proceed to the ninth step of installing the end cap.

[0026] Step 9: Install the end cap. The maintenance personnel place the clamping ring on the outermost support ring and connect the clamping ring to the outer ring of the main bearing with bolts. After the clamping ring is fixed, place the inner end cap on the clamping ring and connect the inner end cap to the inner ring of the main bearing with bolts. After the inner end cap is fixed, place the outer end cap on the clamping ring and connect the outer end cap to the clamping ring with bolts. After the outer end cap is fixed, the replacement of the inner seal of the tunneling machine main bearing is completed.

[0027] In the eighth step of installing the main bearing seal, after the sealing ring or support ring is pressed into place, the maintenance personnel visually inspect whether the sealing ring or support ring is flush or damaged. If the sealing ring or support ring is not flush, the maintenance personnel re-press the sealing ring or support ring using a sealing ring installation tool. If the sealing ring or support ring is damaged, remove and replace the sealing ring or support ring, and repeat the installation steps. When the sealing ring or support ring is flush and not damaged, the sealing ring or support ring is installed.

[0028] Each of the support rings has auxiliary threaded holes evenly provided on the outer edge of its end face near the outer end cap;

[0029] In the fifth step of disassembling the support ring and the eighth step of installing the main bearing seal, the maintenance personnel install process bolts in each auxiliary threaded hole and use the process bolts to pull out or push the support ring into the installation position. After the support ring is pressed into place, the maintenance personnel remove all process bolts and install the sealing ring corresponding to the support ring.

[0030] The tool for removing the sealing ring is an oil seal screwdriver or an oil seal puller.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0032] 1. In this invention, a replaceable main bearing seal structure for a tunnel boring machine (TBM) includes an outer end cover, an inner end cover, a clamping ring, multiple sealing rings, and multiple support rings, all positioned between the inner and outer rings of the main bearing. These components are coaxially aligned with both the inner and outer rings. The openings of the inner and outer rings are sealed by the outer end cover, inner end cover, and clamping ring. After removing the outer end cover, inner end cover, and clamping ring, maintenance personnel can remove the sealing rings and support rings from the openings in the inner and outer rings without disassembling the TBM's main drive system. This allows for replacement of the main bearing seal structure within the tunnel. Therefore, this design enables replacement of the main bearing seal structure within the tunnel, effectively shortening the maintenance cycle and reducing maintenance costs.

[0033] 2. In the method for replacing the main bearing seal structure of a tunnel boring machine that can be replaced inside the tunnel, the tunnel boring machine cutterhead does not need to be disassembled when replacing the main bearing seal structure. This allows maintenance work to be carried out inside the cutterhead, and maintenance personnel are not directly exposed to the soil and rock layers, avoiding safety accidents caused by loose parts of the soil and rock layers falling during maintenance. Therefore, in this design, maintenance work can be carried out inside the cutterhead, effectively reducing the personal safety risks to maintenance personnel. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the main bearing sealing structure in this invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main bearing sealing structure after the fifth step of disassembling the support ring in this invention.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the main bearing sealing structure in this invention.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the slag collection tank in this invention.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support ring structure in this invention.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the sixth step of the present invention, cleaning the main bearing by blowing with compressed air.

[0040] In the diagram: Main bearing inner ring 1, main bearing outer ring 2, outer limiting ring 21, second grease hole 22, inspection hole 23, outer end cover 3, inner end cover 4, clamping ring 5, first grease hole 51, sealing ring 6, auxiliary sealing cavity 61, support ring 7, through hole 71, auxiliary threaded hole 72, cutter head 8, slag collection groove 9, tunneling machine support seat 10, main drive center hole 11, material receiving chamber 12. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] See Figures 1 to 6 A tunnel boring machine main bearing sealing structure and replacement method that can be replaced inside the tunnel. The main bearing sealing structure includes: main bearing inner ring 1, main bearing outer ring 2, outer end cover 3, inner end cover 4, clamping ring 5, multiple sealing rings 6 and multiple support rings 7.

[0043] The inner ring 1 of the main bearing is sleeved on the tunneling machine support base 10, and the outer ring 2 of the main bearing is sleeved on the inner ring 1. A cutterhead 8 is fixedly installed on the end face of the outer ring 2 near the head of the tunneling machine. A main drive center hole 11 is opened in the middle of the tunneling machine support base 10. The outer edge of the main drive center hole 11 is fixedly connected to the end of the slag collection trough 9. The slag collection trough 9 is arranged opposite to the cutterhead 8. A main machine belt conveyor is installed on the top of the slag collection trough 9. The end of the main machine belt conveyor is inserted into the main drive center hole 11. The main machine belt conveyor is driven by the tunneling machine hydraulic system and the tunneling machine support base 10. A receiving chamber 12 is opened between the cutterhead 8 and the slag collection trough 9.

[0044] The outer end cap 3, inner end cap 4, clamping ring 5, multiple sealing rings 6, and multiple support rings 7 are all disposed between the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 of the main bearing. The outer end cap 3, inner end cap 4, clamping ring 5, multiple sealing rings 6, and multiple support rings 7 are all coaxially disposed with the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 of the main bearing. The outer end cap 3, inner end cap 4, clamping ring 5, multiple sealing rings 6, and multiple support rings 7 are disposed sequentially from the outer side of the main bearing to the inner side of the main bearing. The inner end cap 4, outer end cap 3, and clamping ring 5 are mutually cooperating annular structures.

[0045] The outer edge of the inner end face of the outer end cover 3 is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the outer end face of the clamping ring 5 by bolts. The outer edge of the inner end face of the outer end cover 3 is sealed to the outer edge of the outer end face of the clamping ring 5. The outer edge of the inner end face of the clamping ring 5 is fixedly connected to the outer end face of the outer ring 2 of the main bearing by bolts. The inner edge of the inner end face of the inner end cover 4 is fixedly connected to the outer end face of the inner ring 1 of the main bearing by bolts. The outer edge of the inner end cover 4 is located between the inner edge of the outer end cover 3 and the inner edge of the clamping ring 5. The inner end cover 4 is rotatably connected to the outer end cover 3 and the clamping ring 5. An outer limiting ring 21 is fixedly provided on the inner edge of the inner end face of the outer ring 2 of the main bearing. Multiple sealing rings 6 and multiple support rings 7 are sequentially provided between the inner edge of the inner end face of the clamping ring 5 and the outer limiting ring 21 from the outer side of the main bearing to the inner side of the main bearing.

[0046] The clamping ring 5 has a first grease hole 51, and the outer ring 2 of the main bearing has a second grease hole 22 and a detection hole 23. The second grease hole 22 is located between two sealing rings 6, and the detection hole 23 is located between two sealing rings 6 near the inner side of the main bearing. The two ends of the first grease hole 51, the second grease hole 22, and the detection hole 23 are respectively connected to the inner wall and the outer wall of the outer ring 2 of the main bearing. The support ring 7 has a through hole 71 corresponding to the second grease hole 22 and the detection hole 23. The gap between the inner ring 1 of the main bearing, the two sealing rings 6, and the multiple support rings 7 together form an auxiliary sealing cavity 61. The auxiliary sealing cavity 61 is connected to the grease outlet of the grease pump through the second grease hole 22 and its corresponding through hole 71. The auxiliary sealing cavity 61 is connected to the outer wall of the outer ring 2 of the main bearing through the detection hole 23.

[0047] The diameter of the inner edge of the cutter head 8 is smaller than the diameter of the outer end cover 3, and the distance between the top of the slag collection trough 9 and the inner edge of the cutter head 8 is greater than the gap between the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 of the main bearing.

[0048] A method for replacing the seal structure of a tunnel boring machine's main bearing that can be replaced inside a tunnel, the method comprising the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: Repair and diagnosis. The maintenance personnel regularly observe the opening of the inspection hole 23 on the outer ring 2 of the main bearing. When grease or sand particles are found in the inspection hole 23, it proves that the seal 6 between the inspection hole 23 and the cutter head 8 has failed. When gear oil is found in the inspection hole, it proves that the seal 6 on the side of the inspection hole 23 away from the cutter head 8 has failed. When any seal 6 fails, proceed to the second step of maintenance preparation.

[0050] Step 2: Maintenance preparation. The maintenance personnel shut down the tunneling machine and control the hydraulic system of the tunneling machine to move the main conveyor belt away from the tunneling machine support seat 10 until the main conveyor belt disengages from the main drive center hole 11 and makes room for the maintenance personnel to pass through. At this time, the maintenance personnel enter the receiving chamber 12 through the main drive center hole 11. After the maintenance personnel enter the receiving chamber 12, they remove the slag conveyor belt on the main conveyor belt and clean the mud and gravel in the gap of the cutter head 8. Then, they clean the mud and sand on the outer end cover 3 and the inner end cover 4 with high pressure water. After the mud and sand on the outer end cover 3 and the inner end cover 4 are cleaned, they wipe the outer end cover 3 and the inner end cover 4 dry with a clean cotton cloth. After the outer end cover 3 and the inner end cover 4 are dried, they proceed to the third step of disassembling the end cover.

[0051] Step 3: Remove the end cover. Remove the bolts connecting the outer end cover 3 and the clamping ring 5, and remove the outer end cover 3. After removing the outer end cover 3, remove the bolts connecting the inner end cover 4 and the inner ring 1 of the main bearing, and remove the inner end cover 4. After removing the inner end cover 4, remove the bolts connecting the clamping ring 5 and the outer ring 2 of the main bearing, and remove the clamping ring 5. After removing the clamping ring 5, proceed to the fourth step of removing the sealing ring.

[0052] Step 4: Remove the sealing ring. Use a scraper to remove the grease from the outermost sealing ring 6, and use a sealing ring removal tool to detach the sealing ring 6 from the support ring 7 it is mating with. After the sealing ring 6 is detached from the support ring 7, move the sealing ring 6 to the outer opening of the inner ring 1 and outer ring 2 of the main bearing, and tilt the sealing ring 6 so that the top of the sealing ring 6 passes through the gap between the slag collection groove 9 and the cutter head 8. At this time, the maintenance personnel can take out the sealing ring 6 from the opening side of the cutter head 8. After removing the sealing ring 6, proceed to the fifth step of removing the support ring.

[0053] Step 5: Remove the support ring. Use a scraper to remove the grease from the outermost support ring 7, and use a seal removal tool to detach the support ring 7 from the seal ring 6 it is mating with. After the support ring 7 is detached from the seal ring 6, move the support ring 7 to the outer opening of the inner ring 1 and outer ring 2 of the main bearing, and tilt the support ring 7 so that the top of the support ring 7 passes through the gap between the slag collection groove 9 and the cutter head 8. At this time, the maintenance personnel can remove the support ring 7 from the opening side of the cutter head 8. After removing the support ring 7, repeat the fourth step of removing the seal ring until all the seal rings 6 and support rings 7 in the main bearing sealing structure have been removed. Then proceed to the sixth step of cleaning the main bearing.

[0054] Step 6: Clean the main bearing. Remove sand and other foreign objects between the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 of the main bearing. Wipe the outer end cover 3, inner end cover 4 and clamping ring 5 with a clean cotton cloth and diesel oil. After wiping, clean the outer end cover 3, inner end cover 4 and clamping ring 5 with industrial cleaning agent. At the same time, blow the first grease hole 51, the second grease hole 22, the inspection hole 23 and the through hole 71 from the inner ring 1 to the outer ring 2 of the main bearing with compressed air from top to bottom. When there are no visible impurities and oil stains between the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 of the main bearing, proceed to step 7, check the support ring.

[0055] Step 7: Inspect the support rings. Clean each support ring 7 removed in Step 5 with a soft cloth. After cleaning, the maintenance personnel visually inspect each support ring 7 for damage and deformation. If there is minor wear on the support ring 7, repair the wear with metal repair adhesive. If there is minor deformation on the support ring 7, the maintenance personnel will perform on-site correction and repair. If the wear and deformation are too large to be repaired on-site, replace the support ring 7. When there is no wear or deformation on all support rings 7, proceed to Step 8 to install the main bearing seal.

[0056] Step 8: Install the main bearing seal. Repeat the main bearing cleaning steps in Step 6. When there are no visible impurities or oil stains between the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 of the main bearing, remove a new set of sealing rings 6. Apply grease to the shaft ends and shoulders of each sealing ring 6 and support ring 7 in the order of installation. The installation order is the sequence of each sealing ring 6 and support ring 7 from the inside to the outside of the main bearing sealing structure. After applying grease to each sealing ring 6 or support ring 7, insert the sealing ring 6 or support ring 7 through the hole between the slag collection groove 9 and the cutter head 8 into the inner ring 1 and outer ring of the main bearing. Between 2, press the sealing ring 6 or support ring 7 into the installation position using the sealing ring installation tool. After the sealing ring 6 or support ring 7 is pressed into place, check whether the sealing lip of the sealing ring 6 has flipped. If the sealing lip of the sealing ring 6 has flipped, the sealing ring 6 needs to be removed and reinstalled. If the sealing lip of the sealing ring 6 has not flipped, the maintenance personnel apply grease to the end face of the sealing ring 6 or support ring 7 and install the next sealing ring 6 or support ring 7 in the same way. After all the sealing rings 6 or support rings 7 have been installed, proceed to the ninth step of installing the end cap.

[0057] Step 9: Install the end cap. The maintenance personnel place the clamping ring 5 on the outermost support ring 7 and connect the clamping ring 5 to the outer ring 2 of the main bearing with bolts. After the clamping ring 5 is fixed, place the inner end cap 4 on the clamping ring 5 and connect the inner end cap 4 to the inner ring 1 of the main bearing with bolts. After the inner end cap 4 is fixed, place the outer end cap 3 on the clamping ring 5 and connect the outer end cap 3 to the clamping ring 5 with bolts. After the outer end cap 3 is fixed, the replacement of the inner seal of the tunneling machine main bearing is completed.

[0058] In the eighth step of installing the main bearing seal, after the sealing ring 6 or support ring 7 is pressed into place, the maintenance personnel visually inspect whether the sealing ring 6 or support ring 7 is flush or damaged. If the sealing ring 6 or support ring 7 is not flush, the maintenance personnel re-press the sealing ring 6 or support ring 7 using a sealing ring installation tool. If the sealing ring 6 or support ring 7 is damaged, remove and replace the sealing ring 6 or support ring 7, and repeat the installation steps. When the sealing ring 6 or support ring 7 is flush and undamaged...

[0059] Each of the support rings 7 has auxiliary threaded holes 72 evenly provided on the outer edge of the end face near the outer end cover 3;

[0060] In the fifth step of disassembling the support ring and the eighth step of installing the main bearing seal, the maintenance personnel install process bolts in each auxiliary threaded hole 72, and pull out or push the support ring 7 into the installation position using the process bolts. After the support ring 7 is pressed into place, the maintenance personnel remove all process bolts and install the sealing ring 6 corresponding to the support ring 7.

[0061] The tool for removing the sealing ring is an oil seal screwdriver or an oil seal puller.

[0062] The principle of this invention is explained as follows:

[0063] In this design, TBM is an abbreviation for Tunnel Boring Machine, which refers to a full-face hard rock tunnel boring machine.

[0064] In this design, the diameter of the tunnel boring machine cutterhead is 3 to 5 meters;

[0065] In this design, the gap between the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 of the main bearing of the tunneling machine is 10 cm to 30 cm.

[0066] Example 1:

[0067] A replaceable main bearing seal structure for a tunnel boring machine (TBM) and a replacement method thereof are disclosed. The main bearing seal structure includes: an inner ring 1, an outer ring 2, an outer end cap 3, an inner end cap 4, a clamping ring 5, multiple sealing rings 6, and multiple support rings 7. The inner ring 1 is fitted onto a TBM support base 10, and the outer ring 2 is fitted onto the inner ring 1. A cutterhead 8 is fixedly mounted on the end face of the outer ring 2 near the head of the TBM. A main drive center hole 11 is formed in the middle of the TBM support base 10, and the outer edge of the main drive center hole 11... The slag collection trough 9 is fixedly connected to the end of the slag collection trough 9, which is opposite to the cutterhead 8. A main drive belt is installed on the top of the slag collection trough 9. The end of the main drive belt is inserted into the main drive center hole 11. The main drive belt is driven by the tunneling machine hydraulic system and the tunneling machine support base 10. A receiving chamber 12 is provided between the cutterhead 8 and the slag collection trough 9. The outer end cover 3, inner end cover 4, clamping ring 5, multiple sealing rings 6 and multiple support rings 7 are all set between the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 of the main bearing. The clamping ring 5, multiple sealing rings 6, and multiple support rings 7 are all coaxially arranged with the inner ring 1 and outer ring 2 of the main bearing. The outer end cap 3, inner end cap 4, clamping ring 5, multiple sealing rings 6, and multiple support rings 7 are arranged sequentially from the outer side to the inner side of the main bearing. The inner end cap 4, outer end cap 3, and clamping ring 5 are mutually cooperating annular structures. The outer edge of the inner end face of the outer end cap 3 is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the outer end face of the clamping ring 5 by bolts. The outer edge of the inner end face of the outer end cap 3 and the outer edge of the outer end face of the clamping ring 5 are sealed together. The inner edge of the inner end face of the inner end face of the main bearing outer ring 2 is fixedly connected to the outer end face of the main bearing inner ring 1 by bolts. The outer edge of the inner end face of the inner end face of the inner end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the inner end face of the outer end face of the main bearing is fixedly connected to the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the main bearing by bolts. The inner edge of the inner end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the inner end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the inner end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of the inner end face of the outer end face of the main bearing is fixedly connected to the outer end face of the inner end face of the main bearing by bolts. The outer end face of the inner end face of the ... inner end face of the outer end face of the outer end face of theThe clamping ring 5 has a first grease hole 51, and the outer ring 2 of the main bearing has a second grease hole 22 and a detection hole 23. The second grease hole 22 is located between two sealing rings 6, and the detection hole 23 is located between two sealing rings 6 near the inner side of the main bearing. The two ends of the first grease hole 51, the second grease hole 22, and the detection hole 23 are respectively connected to the inner wall and the outer wall of the outer ring 2 of the main bearing. The support ring 7 has a through hole 71 corresponding to the second grease hole 22 and the detection hole 23. The gap between the inner ring 1 of the main bearing, the two sealing rings 6, and the multiple support rings 7 together form an auxiliary sealing cavity 61. The auxiliary sealing cavity 61 is connected to the grease outlet of the grease pump through the second grease hole 22 and its corresponding through hole 71. The auxiliary sealing cavity 61 is connected to the outer wall of the outer ring 2 of the main bearing through the detection hole 23. The diameter of the inner edge of the cutter head 8 is smaller than the diameter of the outer end cover 3, and the distance between the top of the slag collection groove 9 and the inner edge of the cutter head 8 is greater than the gap between the inner ring 1 of the main bearing and the outer ring 2 of the main bearing. ;

[0068] A method for replacing the seal structure of a tunnel boring machine's main bearing that can be replaced inside a tunnel, the method comprising the following steps:

[0069] Step 1: Repair and diagnosis. The maintenance personnel regularly observe the opening of the inspection hole 23 on the outer ring 2 of the main bearing. When grease or sand particles are found in the inspection hole 23, it proves that the seal 6 between the inspection hole 23 and the cutter head 8 has failed. When gear oil is found in the inspection hole, it proves that the seal 6 on the side of the inspection hole 23 away from the cutter head 8 has failed. When any seal 6 fails, proceed to the second step of maintenance preparation.

[0070] Step 2: Maintenance preparation. The maintenance personnel shut down the tunneling machine and control the hydraulic system of the tunneling machine to move the main conveyor belt away from the tunneling machine support seat 10 until the main conveyor belt disengages from the main drive center hole 11 and makes room for the maintenance personnel to pass through. At this time, the maintenance personnel enter the receiving chamber 12 through the main drive center hole 11. After the maintenance personnel enter the receiving chamber 12, they remove the slag conveyor belt on the main conveyor belt and clean the mud and gravel in the gap of the cutter head 8. Then, they clean the mud and sand on the outer end cover 3 and the inner end cover 4 with high pressure water. After the mud and sand on the outer end cover 3 and the inner end cover 4 are cleaned, they wipe the outer end cover 3 and the inner end cover 4 dry with a clean cotton cloth. After the outer end cover 3 and the inner end cover 4 are dried, they proceed to the third step of disassembling the end cover.

[0071] Step 3: Remove the end cover. Remove the bolts connecting the outer end cover 3 and the clamping ring 5, and remove the outer end cover 3. After removing the outer end cover 3, remove the bolts connecting the inner end cover 4 and the inner ring 1 of the main bearing, and remove the inner end cover 4. After removing the inner end cover 4, remove the bolts connecting the clamping ring 5 and the outer ring 2 of the main bearing, and remove the clamping ring 5. After removing the clamping ring 5, proceed to the fourth step of removing the sealing ring.

[0072] Step 4: Remove the sealing ring. Use a scraper to remove the grease from the outermost sealing ring 6, and use a sealing ring removal tool to detach the sealing ring 6 from the support ring 7 it is mating with. After the sealing ring 6 is detached from the support ring 7, move the sealing ring 6 to the outer opening of the inner ring 1 and outer ring 2 of the main bearing, and tilt the sealing ring 6 so that the top of the sealing ring 6 passes through the gap between the slag collection groove 9 and the cutter head 8. At this time, the maintenance personnel can take out the sealing ring 6 from the opening side of the cutter head 8. After removing the sealing ring 6, proceed to the fifth step of removing the support ring.

[0073] Step 5: Remove the support ring. Use a scraper to remove the grease from the outermost support ring 7, and use a seal removal tool to detach the support ring 7 from the seal ring 6 it is mating with. After the support ring 7 is detached from the seal ring 6, move the support ring 7 to the outer opening of the inner ring 1 and outer ring 2 of the main bearing, and tilt the support ring 7 so that the top of the support ring 7 passes through the gap between the slag collection groove 9 and the cutter head 8. At this time, the maintenance personnel can remove the support ring 7 from the opening side of the cutter head 8. After removing the support ring 7, repeat the fourth step of removing the seal ring until all the seal rings 6 and support rings 7 in the main bearing sealing structure have been removed. Then proceed to the sixth step of cleaning the main bearing.

[0074] Step 6: Clean the main bearing. Remove sand and other foreign objects between the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 of the main bearing. Wipe the outer end cover 3, inner end cover 4 and clamping ring 5 with a clean cotton cloth and diesel oil. After wiping, clean the outer end cover 3, inner end cover 4 and clamping ring 5 with industrial cleaning agent. At the same time, blow the first grease hole 51, the second grease hole 22, the inspection hole 23 and the through hole 71 from the inner ring 1 to the outer ring 2 of the main bearing with compressed air from top to bottom. When there are no visible impurities and oil stains between the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 of the main bearing, proceed to step 7, check the support ring.

[0075] Step 7: Inspect the support rings. Clean each support ring 7 removed in Step 5 with a soft cloth. After cleaning, the maintenance personnel visually inspect each support ring 7 for damage and deformation. If there is minor wear on the support ring 7, repair the wear with metal repair adhesive. If there is minor deformation on the support ring 7, the maintenance personnel will perform on-site correction and repair. If the wear and deformation are too large to be repaired on-site, replace the support ring 7. When there is no wear or deformation on all support rings 7, proceed to Step 8 to install the main bearing seal.

[0076] Step 8: Install the main bearing seal. Repeat the main bearing cleaning steps in Step 6. When there are no visible impurities or oil stains between the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 of the main bearing, remove a new set of sealing rings 6. Apply grease to the shaft ends and shoulders of each sealing ring 6 and support ring 7 in the order of installation. The installation order is the sequence of each sealing ring 6 and support ring 7 from the inside to the outside of the main bearing sealing structure. After applying grease to each sealing ring 6 or support ring 7, insert the sealing ring 6 or support ring 7 through the hole between the slag collection groove 9 and the cutter head 8 into the inner ring 1 and outer ring of the main bearing. Between 2, press the sealing ring 6 or support ring 7 into the installation position using the sealing ring installation tool. After the sealing ring 6 or support ring 7 is pressed into place, check whether the sealing lip of the sealing ring 6 has flipped. If the sealing lip of the sealing ring 6 has flipped, the sealing ring 6 needs to be removed and reinstalled. If the sealing lip of the sealing ring 6 has not flipped, the maintenance personnel apply grease to the end face of the sealing ring 6 or support ring 7 and install the next sealing ring 6 or support ring 7 in the same way. After all the sealing rings 6 or support rings 7 have been installed, proceed to the ninth step of installing the end cap.

[0077] Step 9: Install the end cap. The maintenance personnel place the clamping ring 5 on the outermost support ring 7 and connect the clamping ring 5 to the outer ring 2 of the main bearing with bolts. After the clamping ring 5 is fixed, place the inner end cap 4 on the clamping ring 5 and connect the inner end cap 4 to the inner ring 1 of the main bearing with bolts. After the inner end cap 4 is fixed, place the outer end cap 3 on the clamping ring 5 and connect the outer end cap 3 to the clamping ring 5 with bolts. After the outer end cap 3 is fixed, the replacement of the inner seal of the tunneling machine main bearing is completed.

[0078] Example 2:

[0079] Example 2 is basically the same as Example 1, except that:

[0080] In the eighth step of installing the main bearing seal, after the sealing ring 6 or support ring 7 is pressed into place, the maintenance personnel visually inspect whether the sealing ring 6 or support ring 7 is flush or damaged. If the sealing ring 6 or support ring 7 is not flush, the maintenance personnel re-press the sealing ring 6 or support ring 7 using a sealing ring installation tool. If the sealing ring 6 or support ring 7 is damaged, remove and replace the sealing ring 6 or support ring 7, and repeat the installation steps. When the sealing ring 6 or support ring 7 is flush and undamaged, the sealing ring removal tool is an oil seal screwdriver or an oil seal puller.

[0081] Example 3:

[0082] Example 3 is basically the same as Example 2, except that:

[0083] Each of the support rings 7 has auxiliary threaded holes 72 evenly provided on the outer edge of the end face near the outer end cover 3; in the fifth step of disassembling the support ring and the eighth step of installing the main bearing seal, the maintenance personnel install process bolts in each auxiliary threaded hole 72, and pull out or push the support ring 7 into the installation position through the process bolts. After the support ring 7 is pressed into place, the maintenance personnel remove all process bolts and install the sealing ring 6 corresponding to the support ring 7.

[0084] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art based on the content disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection set forth in the claims.

Claims

1. A method for replacing the sealing structure of a tunnel boring machine's main bearing that can be replaced inside the tunnel, characterized in that: The replacement method is based on a main bearing sealing structure including: main bearing inner ring (1), main bearing outer ring (2), outer end cap (3), inner end cap (4), clamping ring (5), multiple sealing rings (6) and multiple support rings (7); The inner ring (1) of the main bearing is fitted on the tunneling machine support base (10), and the outer ring (2) of the main bearing is fitted on the inner ring (1). A cutterhead (8) is fixedly installed on the end face of the outer ring (2) of the main bearing near the head of the tunneling machine. A main drive center hole (11) is opened in the middle of the tunneling machine support base (10). The outer edge of the main drive center hole (11) is fixedly connected to the end of the slag collection trough (9). The slag collection trough (9) is arranged opposite to the cutterhead (8). A main machine belt conveyor is installed at the top of the slag collection trough (9). The end of the main machine belt conveyor is inserted into the main drive center hole (11). The main machine belt conveyor is driven by the tunneling machine hydraulic system and the tunneling machine support base (10). A receiving chamber (12) is opened between the cutterhead (8) and the slag collection trough (9). The outer end cap (3), inner end cap (4), clamping ring (5), multiple sealing rings (6) and multiple support rings (7) are all disposed between the inner ring (1) and outer ring (2) of the main bearing. The outer end cap (3), inner end cap (4), clamping ring (5), multiple sealing rings (6) and multiple support rings (7) are all coaxially disposed with the inner ring (1) and outer ring (2) of the main bearing. The outer end cap (3), inner end cap (4), clamping ring (5), multiple sealing rings (6) and multiple support rings (7) are disposed sequentially from the outer side of the main bearing to the inner side of the main bearing. The inner end cap (4), outer end cap (3) and clamping ring (5) are mutually cooperating annular structures. The outer edge of the inner end face of the outer end cap (3) is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the outer end face of the clamping ring (5) by bolts. The outer edge of the inner end face of the outer end cap (3) is sealed to the outer edge of the outer end face of the clamping ring (5). The outer edge of the inner end face of the clamping ring (5) is fixedly connected to the outer end face of the outer ring (2) of the main bearing by bolts. The inner edge of the inner end face of the inner end cap (4) is fixedly connected to the outer end face of the inner ring (1) of the main bearing by bolts. The outer edge of the inner end cap (4) is located between the inner edge of the outer end cap (3) and the inner edge of the clamping ring (5). The inner end cap (4) is rotatably connected to the outer end cap (3) and the clamping ring (5). An outer limiting ring (21) is fixedly provided on the inner edge of the inner end face of the main bearing outer ring (2). Multiple sealing rings (6) and multiple support rings (7) are sequentially provided between the inner edge of the inner end face of the clamping ring (5) and the outer limiting ring (21) from the outer side of the main bearing to the inner side of the main bearing. The clamping ring (5) has a first grease hole (51), and the outer ring (2) of the main bearing has a second grease hole (22) and a detection hole (23). The second grease hole (22) is located between two sealing rings (6), and the detection hole (23) is located between two sealing rings (6) near the inner side of the main bearing. The two ends of the first grease hole (51), the second grease hole (22), and the detection hole (23) are respectively connected to the inner wall and the outer wall of the outer ring (2) of the main bearing. The support ring (7) is provided with a through hole (71) corresponding to the second grease hole (22) and the detection hole (23). The gap between the inner ring (1) of the main bearing, the two sealing rings (6) and the multiple support rings (7) together form an auxiliary sealing cavity (61). The auxiliary sealing cavity (61) is connected to the grease outlet of the grease pump through the second grease hole (22) and its corresponding through hole (71). The auxiliary sealing cavity (61) is connected to the outer wall of the outer ring (2) of the main bearing through the detection hole (23). The replacement method includes the following steps: Step 1: Repair and judgment. The maintenance personnel regularly observe the opening of the test hole (23) on the outer ring (2) of the main bearing. When grease or sand particles appear in the test hole (23), it proves that the seal (6) between the test hole (23) and the cutter head (8) has failed. When gear oil appears in the test hole, it proves that the seal (6) on the side of the test hole (23) away from the cutter head (8) has failed. When any seal (6) fails, proceed to the second step of maintenance preparation. Step 2: Maintenance preparation. The maintenance personnel shut down the tunneling machine and control the hydraulic system of the tunneling machine to move the main conveyor belt away from the tunneling machine support seat (10) until the main conveyor belt disengages from the main drive center hole (11) and makes room for the maintenance personnel to pass through. At this time, the maintenance personnel enter the receiving chamber (12) through the main drive center hole (11). After the maintenance personnel enter the receiving chamber (12), they remove the slag conveyor belt on the main conveyor belt and clean the mud and gravel in the gap of the cutter head (8). Then, they clean the mud and sand on the outer end cover (3) and the inner end cover (4) with high pressure water. After the mud and sand on the outer end cover (3) and the inner end cover (4) are cleaned, they wipe the outer end cover (3) and the inner end cover (4) dry with a clean cotton cloth. After the outer end cover (3) and the inner end cover (4) are dried, they proceed to the third step of disassembling the end cover. Step 3: Remove the end cover, remove the bolts connecting the outer end cover (3) and the clamping ring (5), and remove the outer end cover (3). After removing the outer end cover (3), remove the bolts connecting the inner end cover (4) and the inner ring (1) of the main bearing, and remove the inner end cover (4). After removing the inner end cover (4), remove the bolts connecting the clamping ring (5) and the outer ring (2) of the main bearing, and remove the clamping ring (5). After removing the clamping ring (5), proceed to the fourth step of removing the sealing ring. Step 4: Remove the sealing ring. Use a scraper to remove the grease on the outermost sealing ring (6), and use a sealing ring removal tool to remove the sealing ring (6) from the support ring (7) it is mating with. After the sealing ring (6) is removed from the support ring (7), move the sealing ring (6) to the outer opening of the inner ring (1) and outer ring (2) of the main bearing, and tilt the sealing ring (6) so that the top of the sealing ring (6) passes through the gap between the slag collection groove (9) and the cutter head (8). At this time, the maintenance personnel take out the sealing ring (6) from the opening side of the cutter head (8). After removing the sealing ring (6), proceed to the fifth step of removing the support ring. Step 5: Remove the support ring. Use a scraper to remove the grease on the outermost support ring (7), and use a seal ring removal tool to remove the support ring (7) from the seal ring (6) it is mating with. After the support ring (7) is removed from the seal ring (6), move the support ring (7) to the outer opening of the inner ring (1) and outer ring (2) of the main bearing, and tilt the support ring (7) so that the top of the support ring (7) passes through the gap between the slag collection groove (9) and the cutter head (8). At this time, the maintenance personnel take out the support ring (7) from the opening side of the cutter head (8). After the support ring (7) is removed, repeat the fourth step of removing the seal ring until all the seal rings (6) and support rings (7) in the main bearing sealing structure have been removed. Then proceed to the sixth step of cleaning the main bearing. Step 6: Clean the main bearing. Clean the sand and gravel particles and other foreign objects between the inner ring (1) and outer ring (2) of the main bearing. Wipe the outer end cover (3), inner end cover (4) and clamping ring (5) with a clean cotton cloth and diesel oil. After wiping, clean the outer end cover (3), inner end cover (4) and clamping ring (5) with industrial cleaning agent. At the same time, blow the first grease hole (51), second grease hole (22), inspection hole (23) and through hole (71) from the inner ring (1) of the main bearing to the outer ring (2) of the main bearing with compressed air from top to bottom. When there are no visible impurities and oil stains between the inner ring (1) and outer ring (2) of the main bearing, proceed to step 7 to check the support ring. Step 7: Inspect the support rings. Clean each support ring (7) removed in Step 5 with a soft cloth. After cleaning, the maintenance personnel visually inspect each support ring (7) for damage and deformation. When there is minor wear on the support ring (7), repair the wear with metal repair glue. When there is minor deformation on the support ring (7), the maintenance personnel perform on-site correction and repair of the support ring (7). When the wear and deformation are too large to be repaired on-site, replace the support ring (7). When there is no wear and deformation on all support rings (7), proceed to Step 8 to install the main bearing seal. Step 8: Install the main bearing seal. Repeat the cleaning steps of Step 6 for the main bearing. When there are no visible impurities or oil stains between the inner ring (1) and the outer ring (2) of the main bearing, take out a new set of sealing rings (6). Apply grease to the shaft ends and shoulders of each sealing ring (6) and support ring (7) in sequence according to the installation order. The installation order is the sequence of each sealing ring (6) and support ring (7) from the inside to the outside of the main bearing sealing structure. After applying grease to each sealing ring (6) or support ring (7), insert the sealing ring (6) or support ring (7) through the gap between the slag collection groove (9) and the cutter head (8) into the inner ring (1) and outer ring (2) of the main bearing. 2) Between, press the sealing ring (6) or support ring (7) into the installation position using the sealing ring installation tool, and check whether the sealing lip of the sealing ring (6) has flipped after the sealing ring (6) or support ring (7) has been pressed into place. When the sealing lip of the sealing ring (6) has flipped, the sealing ring (6) needs to be removed and reinstalled. When the sealing lip of the sealing ring (6) has not flipped, the maintenance personnel apply grease to the end face of the sealing ring (6) or support ring (7) and install the next sealing ring (6) or support ring (7) in the same way. When all sealing rings (6) or support rings (7) have been installed, proceed to the ninth step of installing the end cap. Step 9: Install the end cap. The maintenance personnel place the clamping ring (5) on the outermost support ring (7) and connect the clamping ring (5) to the outer ring (2) of the main bearing with bolts. After the clamping ring (5) is fixed, place the inner end cap (4) on the clamping ring (5) and connect the inner end cap (4) to the inner ring (1) of the main bearing with bolts. After the inner end cap (4) is fixed, place the outer end cap (3) on the clamping ring (5) and connect the outer end cap (3) to the clamping ring (5) with bolts. After the outer end cap (3) is fixed, the replacement of the inner seal of the tunneling machine main bearing is completed.

2. The method for replacing the seal structure of a tunneling machine main bearing that can be replaced inside the tunnel, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The diameter of the inner edge of the cutter head (8) is smaller than the diameter of the outer end cover (3), and the distance between the top of the slag collection trough (9) and the inner edge of the cutter head (8) is greater than the gap between the inner ring (1) of the main bearing and the outer ring (2) of the main bearing.

3. The method for replacing the seal structure of a tunnel boring machine main bearing that can be replaced inside the tunnel, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: In the eighth step of installing the main bearing seal, after the sealing ring (6) or support ring (7) is pressed into place, the maintenance personnel visually inspect whether the sealing ring (6) or support ring (7) is flush or damaged. If the sealing ring (6) or support ring (7) is not flush, the maintenance personnel re-press the sealing ring (6) or support ring (7) using the sealing ring installation tool. If the sealing ring (6) or support ring (7) is damaged, remove and replace the sealing ring (6) or support ring (7) and repeat the installation steps. When the sealing ring (6) or support ring (7) is flush and not damaged.

4. The method for replacing the sealing structure of a tunnel boring machine main bearing that can be replaced inside the tunnel, as described in claim 3, is characterized in that: Each of the support rings (7) has auxiliary threaded holes (72) evenly provided on the outer edge of the end face near the outer end cap (3); In the fifth step of disassembling the support ring and the eighth step of installing the main bearing seal, the maintenance personnel install process bolts in each auxiliary threaded hole (72) and pull out or push the support ring (7) into the installation position through the process bolts. After the support ring (7) is pressed into place, the maintenance personnel remove all process bolts and install the sealing ring (6) corresponding to the support ring (7).

5. The method for replacing the seal structure of a tunnel boring machine main bearing that can be replaced inside the tunnel, as described in claim 4, is characterized in that: The tool for removing the sealing ring is an oil seal screwdriver or an oil seal puller.

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