Method for assembling a cylindrical bearing without outer ring

Abstract

The application discloses an assembling method of a cylindrical bearing without an outer ring, and comprises the following steps: S1, an inner ring pushing mechanism pushes the bearing inner rings to a feeding station one by one according to requirements; S2, a roller conveying mechanism sequentially conveys the cylindrical rollers to a pre-assembly groove, and a pre-assembly pushing mechanism pushes the cylindrical rollers in the pre-assembly groove to a pre-assembly station; S3, a sleeve ring conveying mechanism sequentially conveys the plastic outer rings to a sleeve ring assembling station; S4, a feeding mechanical arm grabs the bearing inner ring in the feeding station in S1 to a roller assembling station; at the same time, a discharging mechanical arm grabs the bearing inner ring on the roller assembling station to the sleeve ring assembling station; S5, the cylindrical rollers are assembled; S6, the plastic outer rings are assembled, that is, the assembling of the cylindrical bearing without the outer ring is completed; the application improves the assembling precision of the bearing, fully utilizes the efficiency of each component, and improves the overall assembling efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of bearing manufacturing, and in particular to an assembly method for a cylindrical bearing without an outer ring. Background Technology

[0002] Cylindrical roller bearings without outer rings are a commonly used type of bearing. Their key characteristic is the absence of external rolling element rings, resulting in a compact structure and higher radial load capacity. They are widely used in various mechanical equipment, such as automobiles, machine tools, and wind turbines. Currently, the assembly of cylindrical roller bearings typically relies on manual operation, requiring operators to perform multiple assembly steps. This manual assembly method is inefficient, has limited assembly speed, and is difficult to meet the demands of large-scale production. Furthermore, due to the reliance on manual operation, the assembly results of cylindrical roller bearings are easily affected by factors such as the operator's skill level and concentration. Human factors can easily lead to assembly errors, affecting assembly quality and performance. Moreover, the high labor intensity can easily cause work fatigue and personnel health problems.

[0003] In response, our company developed and applied for a full-roller cylindrical roller bearing assembly machine and its usage method with patent application number "202211347655.7". It solved some of the above problems. However, since it requires manual labor to press the bearing rings against the bearing ring limit stop and overcome the thrust of the drive cylinder to ensure that the bearing inner ring filled with cylindrical rollers is pushed into the bearing ring, the labor intensity is still relatively high and the assembly efficiency needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an assembly method for a cylindrical bearing without an outer ring. It changes the assembly method of cylindrical rollers falling freely into the inner ring of the bearing by gravity, and adopts a method of horizontally loading cylindrical rollers, which reduces the collision between cylindrical rollers, improves the assembly accuracy of the bearing, and improves the structural layout and assembly method according to the time difference required for each assembly stage, so that they cooperate and support each other, and the assembly of each node is carried out synchronously, giving full play to the efficiency of each component and improving the assembly efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: An assembly method for a cylindrical bearing without an outer ring includes the following steps: S1. The inner ring conveying mechanism transports the bearing inner rings horizontally and orderly into the inner ring buffer slot of the assembly table. The inner ring pushing mechanism pushes the bearing inner rings one by one to the loading station as needed (cycle time), waiting for the bearing inner rings to be loaded. Here, "horizontal" means that the bearing inner rings are laid flat in the inner ring buffer slot, that is, the end face of the bearing inner rings is in contact with the inner ring buffer slot.

[0006] S2. Simultaneously with the action of S1, the roller conveying mechanism transports the cylindrical rollers in an orderly manner, groups them according to the number of cylindrical rollers required for a single bearing, and pushes them into the pre-assembly slot. The pre-assembly pushing mechanism pushes the cylindrical rollers in the pre-assembly slot to the pre-assembly station, waiting for the assembly instructions of the cylindrical rollers. S3. Simultaneously with the actions of S1 and S2, the ring conveying mechanism orderly conveys the plastic outer ring to the ring assembly station, waiting for the plastic outer ring to be assembled. S4. The feeding conveyor is equipped with a feeding robot and a discharging robot. The feeding robot and the discharging robot move horizontally synchronously. While the feeding robot picks up the bearing inner ring in the feeding station in S1 and moves it to the roller assembly station, the discharging robot picks up the bearing inner ring in the roller assembly station and moves it to the ring assembly station. At this time, the plastic outer ring in S3 is directly below the bearing inner ring in the ring assembly station. S5. The lifting and rotating mechanism on the roller assembly station drives the inner ring of the bearing on the roller assembly station to rotate. At the same time, the roller assembly pushing mechanism pushes the cylindrical roller on the pre-assembly station in S2 to the outer side of the inner ring of the bearing and abuts against the outer side of the inner ring of the bearing. During the rotation of the inner ring of the bearing, the cylindrical roller is sequentially assembled into the bearing groove on the outer side of the inner ring of the bearing. S6. Simultaneously with the action of S5, the ring pressing mechanism presses the inner ring of the bearing, which is in the ring assembly position in S4, into the plastic outer ring directly below, thus completing the assembly of the cylindrical bearing without an outer ring. S7. The unloading pushing mechanism pushes the assembled bearing into the unloading conveyor line, and the unloading conveyor line transfers the assembled bearing to the next inspection station. S8. Repeat the above actions to complete the continuous operation of the cylindrical bearing without an outer ring.

[0007] Furthermore, in S1, a detection mechanism is provided at the end of the inner ring buffer groove. This detection mechanism uses probes or industrial cameras to monitor in real time whether the bearing inner ring in the inner ring buffer groove is being conveyed as required (because some bearing models have a different front and back side for the inner ring). If so, it passes smoothly through the detection mechanism and is pushed to the loading station by the inner ring pushing mechanism; if not, the system alarms, indicating an error. The detection mechanism better ensures the safety and stability of bearing assembly.

[0008] Furthermore, the inner ring conveying mechanism is equipped with a material bin, in which the bearing inner ring to be assembled is placed. The inner ring conveying mechanism then transports the bearing inner ring in the material bin to the inner ring buffer slot of the assembly table in an orderly manner.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner ring conveying mechanism is a feeding conveyor belt, and the material bin is located at the top of the feeding conveyor belt. The material bin is provided with an adjustable-height discharge window. The height of the discharge window is greater than the thickness of a single bearing inner ring and less than the sum of the thicknesses of two bearing inner rings. During the rotation of the feeding conveyor belt, the friction between the conveyor belt and the bearing inner ring is used to carry the bearing inner ring out from the discharge window. Alternatively, an inner ring pushing component can be provided opposite the discharge window, and a power element such as a cylinder can be used to push the bearing inner ring out from the discharge window. This allows the inner ring conveying mechanism to orderly transport the bearing inner rings to the inner ring buffer groove. The inner ring buffer groove is located at the end of the feeding conveyor belt.

[0010] Furthermore, the roller conveying mechanism includes a roller conveying vibratory plate, an elastic channel connected to the discharge end of the roller conveying vibratory plate, and a distributor disposed at the discharge port of the elastic channel. The distributor groups the rollers according to the number of cylindrical rollers required for a single bearing and pushes them into the pre-loading groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the ring conveying mechanism includes a ring conveying vibratory plate and a conveying chute connected to the discharge end of the ring conveying vibratory plate. A ring pushing component is provided on one side of the conveying chute. The ring pushing component orderly pushes the plastic outer ring to the ring assembly station and is located directly below the bearing inner ring filled with cylindrical rollers.

[0012] Furthermore, the feeding and conveying mechanism includes a slide cylinder, on which the feeding robot and the unloading robot are mounted. Both the feeding robot and the unloading robot are equipped with clamping cylinders for clamping the inner ring of the bearing. The feeding robot is also equipped with a gripping cylinder, which can grip the inner ring of the bearing that is in a lower position at the feeding station.

[0013] Furthermore, the lifting and rotating mechanism includes a rotary motor and a tooling assembly disposed at the output end of the rotary motor. A lifting assembly is disposed at the lower end of the rotary motor and the tooling assembly, and the lifting assembly drives the rotary motor and the tooling assembly to rise or fall.

[0014] Furthermore, the ring pressing mechanism includes a pressing cylinder assembly, the output end of which is provided with a rubber push plate, and the pressing cylinder assembly drives the rubber push plate to move up and down.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) It changes the traditional side-mounted bearing roller method, places the bearing inner ring flat on the roller assembly station, and uses the lifting and rotating mechanism to drive the bearing inner ring to rotate, so that the bearing rollers that abut against the outer side of the bearing inner ring are assembled in an orderly and fast manner into the bearing inner ring. This improves the assembly efficiency, reduces the participation of personnel, better ensures the quality of assembly, reduces labor intensity, reduces the impact of the free fall of the bearing rollers, and adopts a quantitative assembly method for cylindrical rollers, which avoids the occurrence of misassembly and omission, and better ensures the assembly quality of the bearing; (2) Through the application of this assembly method, it better realizes unmanned fully automatic assembly operation, and by setting up a detection mechanism, it realizes the error prevention function, making it safer to use, more stable in quality, and further improving efficiency; (3) According to the time difference required for each assembly link, the structural layout and assembly method are improved so that they cooperate and support each other, and the assembly of each node is carried out synchronously, giving full play to the efficiency of each component and significantly improving the assembly efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the assembly steps of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cylindrical bearing without an outer ring in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the material silo structure in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the roller assembly station in this invention; In the diagram, 001 is the material bin, 002 is the bearing inner ring, 003 is the inner ring conveying mechanism, 004 is the inner ring buffer tank, 005 is the inner ring pushing mechanism, 006 is the loading station, 007 is the roller conveying mechanism, 008 is the pre-assembly tank, 009 is the pre-assembly pushing mechanism, 010 is the pre-assembly station, 011 is the bearing ring conveying mechanism, 012 is the bearing ring assembly station, 013 is the loading conveying mechanism, 014 is the loading robot, 015 is the unloading robot, and 016 is the roller assembly station. 017. Lifting and rotating mechanism; 018. Roller assembly and pushing mechanism; 019. Bearing slot; 020. Ring pressing mechanism; 021. Ring pushing assembly; 022. Material unloading conveyor line; 023. Corner platform; 024. Material unloading and pushing mechanism; 025. Material unloading window; 026. Material distributor; 027. Conveying chute; 028. Slide table cylinder; 029. Clamping cylinder; 030. Gripping cylinder; 031. Tooling gripper; 032. Channel; 033. Pressing cylinder assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Reference Figures 1 to 5 Taking our company's RN 45×66.85×36V single-row cylindrical bearing without outer ring as an example, the assembly method includes the following steps: S1. Place the bearing inner ring 002 in the material bin 001. The inner ring conveying mechanism 003 conveys the bearing inner ring 002 horizontally and orderly to the inner ring buffer slot 004 of the assembly table. The inner ring pushing mechanism 005 pushes the bearing inner ring 002 one by one to the loading station 006 according to the set rhythm, waiting for the bearing inner ring 002 to be loaded. S2. Simultaneously with the action of S1, the roller conveying mechanism 007 conveys the cylindrical rollers in an orderly manner, groups them according to the number of cylindrical rollers required for a single bearing (23 pieces), and pushes them into the pre-assembly slot 008. The pre-assembly pushing mechanism 009 pushes the 23 cylindrical rollers in the pre-assembly slot 008 to the pre-assembly station 010, waiting for the assembly instructions of the cylindrical rollers. S3. Simultaneously with the actions of S1 and S2, the ring conveying mechanism 011 orderly conveys the plastic outer ring to the ring assembly station 012, waiting for the plastic outer ring to be assembled. S4. The feeding conveyor mechanism 013 is equipped with a feeding robot 014 and a discharging robot 015. The feeding robot 014 and the discharging robot 015 move horizontally in sync. While the feeding robot 014 picks up the bearing inner ring 002 in the feeding station 006 in S1 and moves it to the roller assembly station 016, the discharging robot 015 picks up the bearing inner ring 002 on the roller assembly station 016 and moves it to the ring assembly station 012. At this time, the plastic outer ring in S3 is directly below the bearing inner ring 002 on the ring assembly station 012. S5. The lifting and rotating mechanism 017 on the roller assembly station 016 drives the bearing inner ring 002 on the roller assembly station 016 to rotate. At the same time, the roller assembly pushing mechanism 018 pushes the cylindrical roller on the pre-assembly station 010 in S2 to the outer side of the bearing inner ring 002 and abuts against the outer side of the bearing inner ring 002. During the rotation of the bearing inner ring 002, the cylindrical roller is sequentially assembled into the bearing groove 019 on the outer side of the bearing inner ring 002. S6. Simultaneously with the action of S5, the ring pressing mechanism 020 presses the bearing inner ring 002, which is filled with cylindrical rollers at the ring assembly station 012 in S4, into the plastic outer ring directly below, thus completing the assembly of the cylindrical bearing without an outer ring. S7. In the next cycle, while the ring pushing component 021 in the ring conveying mechanism 011 pushes the plastic outer ring, it also pushes the cylindrical bearing assembled in S6 onto the corner platform 023 of the unloading conveyor line 022. S8. The unloading pushing mechanism 024 pushes the cylindrical bearing on the corner platform 023 into the body of the unloading conveyor line 022, which then transfers the assembled cylindrical bearing to the next inspection station. The corner platform 023 and the unloading pushing mechanism 024 change the direction of the cylindrical bearing transport, better meeting the needs of the next process. S9. Repeat the above actions to complete the continuous operation of the cylindrical bearing without an outer ring.

[0020] Reference Figures 2 to 5 The inner ring conveying mechanism 003 of this invention patent is provided with a material bin 001. Before assembly, the bearing inner ring 002 to be assembled is placed in the material bin 001. The inner ring conveying mechanism 003 conveys the bearing inner ring 002 in the material bin 001 to the inner ring buffer slot 004 of the assembly table in an orderly manner.

[0021] The inner ring conveying mechanism 003 can be a common feeding conveyor belt, which serves to convey the bearing inner ring 002. The material bin 001 is located at the top of the feeding conveyor belt, and the material bin 001 is provided with an adjustable-height discharge window 025. The height of the discharge window 025 is greater than the thickness of a single bearing inner ring 002, but less than the sum of the thicknesses of two bearing inner rings 002. During the transmission of the feeding conveyor belt, the friction between the conveyor belt and the bearing inner ring 002 is used to bring the bottommost bearing inner ring 002 out of the discharge window 025. Alternatively, an inner ring pushing component (composed of a pushing cylinder, not shown in the figure) can be provided opposite the discharge window 025, using a cylinder or other power element to push the bottommost bearing inner ring 002 out of the discharge window 025, thereby enabling the inner ring conveying mechanism 003 to orderly convey the bearing inner rings 002 into the inner ring buffer groove 004. The inner ring buffer groove 004 is located at the end of the feeding conveyor belt.

[0022] The roller conveying mechanism 007 includes a roller conveying vibratory plate (not shown in the figure), an elastic channel (not shown in the figure) connected to the discharge end of the roller conveying vibratory plate, and a distributor 026 disposed at the discharge port of the elastic channel. The distributor 026 divides 23 cylindrical rollers into a group and pushes them into the pre-loading groove 008.

[0023] The ring conveying mechanism 011 includes a ring conveying vibratory plate (not shown in the figure) and a conveying chute 027 connected to the discharge end of the ring conveying vibratory plate. A ring pushing component 021 is provided on one side of the conveying chute 027. The ring pushing component 021 orderly pushes the plastic outer ring to the ring assembly station 012 and is located directly below the bearing inner ring 002 filled with cylindrical rollers.

[0024] The feeding and conveying mechanism 013 includes a slide cylinder 028, on which the feeding robot 014 and the unloading robot 015 are mounted. Both the feeding robot 014 and the unloading robot 015 are equipped with clamping cylinders 029. The clamping cylinders 029 are used to clamp the bearing inner ring 002. The feeding robot 014 is also equipped with a gripping cylinder 030. The gripping cylinder 030 can grip the bearing inner ring 002, which is in a lower position in the feeding station 006, and then the clamping cylinder 029 clamps the bearing inner ring 002.

[0025] The lifting and rotating mechanism 017 includes a rotary motor and a tooling assembly disposed at the output end of the rotary motor. A lifting assembly is disposed at the lower end of the rotary motor and the tooling assembly, and the lifting assembly drives the rotary motor and the tooling assembly to rise or fall. Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, during the assembly of cylindrical rollers, the tooling jaws 031 on the tooling assembly hold the bearing inner ring 002. The cylindrical rollers on the pre-assembly station 010 enter the outer side of the bearing inner ring 002 through the channel 032. During the rotation of the bearing inner ring 002, the cylindrical rollers are sequentially assembled into the bearing grooves 019 on the outer side of the bearing inner ring 002. The assembly is carried out in a horizontal conveying manner and is a one-time quantitative assembly, which is more efficient and effectively avoids the occurrence of missing parts.

[0026] The ring pressing mechanism 020 includes a pressing cylinder assembly 033. The output end of the pressing cylinder assembly 033 is provided with a rubber push plate. The pressing cylinder assembly 033 drives the rubber push plate to move up and down, thereby pressing the inner ring 002 of the bearing filled with cylindrical rollers into the plastic outer ring directly below, thus completing the assembly of the cylindrical bearing without an outer ring.

[0027] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for assembling a cylindrical bearing without an outer ring, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The inner ring conveying mechanism transports the bearing inner rings horizontally and orderly to the inner ring buffer slot of the assembly table. The inner ring pushing mechanism pushes the bearing inner rings one by one to the loading station as needed, waiting for the bearing inner rings to be loaded. S2. Simultaneously with the action of S1, the roller conveying mechanism transports the cylindrical rollers in an orderly manner, groups them according to the number of cylindrical rollers required for a single bearing, and pushes them into the pre-assembly slot. The pre-assembly pushing mechanism pushes the cylindrical rollers in the pre-assembly slot to the pre-assembly station, waiting for the assembly instructions of the cylindrical rollers. S3. Simultaneously with the actions of S1 and S2, the ring conveying mechanism orderly conveys the plastic outer ring to the ring assembly station, waiting for the plastic outer ring to be assembled. S4. The feeding conveyor mechanism is equipped with a feeding robot and a discharging robot. The feeding robot and the discharging robot move horizontally synchronously. The feeding robot picks up the bearing inner ring in the feeding station in S1 and moves it to the roller assembly station. At the same time, the discharging robot picks up the bearing inner ring in the roller assembly station and moves it to the ring assembly station. At this time, the plastic outer ring in S3 is directly below the bearing inner ring in the ring assembly station. S5. The lifting and rotating mechanism on the roller assembly station drives the inner ring of the bearing on the roller assembly station to rotate. At the same time, the roller assembly pushing mechanism pushes the cylindrical roller on the pre-assembly station in S2 to the outer side of the inner ring of the bearing and abuts against the outer side of the inner ring of the bearing. During the rotation of the inner ring of the bearing, the cylindrical roller is sequentially assembled into the bearing groove on the outer side of the inner ring of the bearing. S6. Simultaneously with the action of S5, the ring pressing mechanism presses the inner ring of the bearing, which is in the ring assembly position in S4, into the plastic outer ring directly below, thus completing the assembly of the cylindrical bearing without an outer ring. S7. The unloading pushing mechanism pushes the assembled bearing into the unloading conveyor line, and the unloading conveyor line transfers the assembled bearing to the next inspection station. S8. Repeat the above actions to complete the continuous operation of the cylindrical bearing without an outer ring. The ring conveying mechanism includes a ring conveying vibratory plate and a conveying chute connected to the discharge end of the ring conveying vibratory plate. A ring pushing component is provided on one side of the conveying chute. The ring pushing component orderly pushes the plastic outer ring to the ring assembly station and is located directly below the bearing inner ring filled with cylindrical rollers. The feeding and conveying mechanism includes a slide cylinder, on which the feeding robot and the unloading robot are mounted. Both the feeding robot and the unloading robot are equipped with clamping cylinders, and the feeding robot is also equipped with a gripping cylinder. The lifting and rotating mechanism includes a rotary motor and a tooling assembly disposed at the output end of the rotary motor. A lifting assembly is disposed at the lower end of the rotary motor and the tooling assembly, and the lifting assembly drives the rotary motor and the tooling assembly to rise or fall.

2. The assembly method of the outer ringless cylindrical bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, a detection mechanism is provided at the end of the inner ring buffer groove, and the detection mechanism detects in real time whether the bearing inner ring in the inner ring buffer groove is being transported as required.

3. The assembly method of the outer ringless cylindrical bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner ring conveying mechanism is equipped with a material bin, which orderly conveys the bearing inner rings in the material bin to the inner ring buffer slot of the assembly table.

4. The assembly method of the outer ringless cylindrical bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner ring conveying mechanism is a feeding conveyor belt, the material bin is located at the top of the feeding conveyor belt, and the material bin is provided with an adjustable height discharge window; the inner ring buffer trough is located at the end of the feeding conveyor belt.

5. The assembly method of the outer ringless cylindrical bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The roller conveying mechanism includes a roller conveying vibratory plate, an elastic channel connected to the discharge end of the roller conveying vibratory plate, and a distributor disposed at the discharge port of the elastic channel. The distributor groups the rollers according to the number of cylindrical rollers required for a single bearing and pushes them into the pre-loading groove.

6. The assembly method of the outer ringless cylindrical bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring pressing mechanism includes a pressing cylinder assembly, and a rubber push plate is provided at the output end of the pressing cylinder assembly. The pressing cylinder assembly drives the rubber push plate to move up and down.

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