A BIM-based steel warehouse integrated intelligent design method and design system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of steel warehouse integration intelligent design method and design system based on BIM, belong to computer aided design technical field, the steel warehouse includes warehouse wall main body, funnel, support ring beam, warehouse roof and funnel lower part connector;The design method includes: S1, according to the parameter information of steel warehouse arrangement, the height and diameter of warehouse body are determined, and the scheme of steel warehouse process selection is given;S2, the component of steel warehouse is optimized;Including: according to the height and diameter of warehouse body after determining process selection, according to built-in calculation rule, warehouse wall main body, funnel, support ring beam are based on big data statistics and knowledge graph intelligent optimization and modeling;Based on engineering experience, warehouse roof optimization design and modeling are carried out;S3, a complete set of scheme selection, intelligent design, component coding and automatic drawing, real-time steel consumption accurate statistics design based on component coding are carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of computer-aided design technology, and in particular relates to a BIM-based integrated intelligent design method and system for steel silos. Background Technology

[0002] Steel silos, as an important storage facility, are widely used in various industries such as grain, cement, fertilizer, and coal. On the one hand, traditional steel silo design methods rely on human knowledge and experience. The design process requires experienced engineers to conduct repeated simulations and calculations until a more reasonable process layout and selection scheme, as well as a more economical silo structure design, are obtained. In this process, there are long design cycles, and insufficient evaluation of the rationality and economy of the scheme is caused by poor coordination between upstream and downstream professionals.

[0003] On the other hand, traditional design methods often rely on traditional two-dimensional design and electronic documents, making it difficult to summarize and organize a large amount of design experience and data, which is not conducive to the practical application of subsequent design bidding, data classification and statistics, and construction settlement.

[0004] To address the issues of poor coordination between upstream and downstream disciplines and reliance on engineering experience in the above designs, a prototype integrated intelligent design method for steel silos based on BIM technology is proposed. This method aims to solve the problems of integrating silo structure design with rapid and reasonable process layout and recommended selection schemes, providing a reasonable and economical silo design through built-in optimization algorithms, and using BIM visualization technology to complete an integrated intelligent design scheme that includes accurate 3D modeling, automatic drawing generation, and engineering quantity statistics. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a BIM-based integrated intelligent design method and system for steel silos. From the perspective of steel silo composition, it mainly consists of five parts: the silo wall body, the funnel, the supporting ring beam, the silo roof, and the lower connector of the funnel (connected to equipment). These five components are interconnected and influence each other, yet relatively independent. Utilizing BIM 3D technology and integrated software, it achieves collaborative design and 3D solid modeling expression across multiple disciplines in steel silo design, making the design more intuitive and facilitating CNC machining integration, thereby realizing a systematic and intelligent design of the entire steel silo process.

[0006] The first objective of this invention is to provide a BIM-based integrated intelligent design method for steel silos, wherein the steel silo includes a silo wall body, a funnel, a supporting ring beam, a silo top, and a lower connector for the funnel; the design method includes:

[0007] S1. Based on the parameter information of the steel silo layout, determine the height and diameter of the silo body, and provide a scheme for the selection of steel silo process.

[0008] S2. Optimize the components of the steel silo; including:

[0009] Based on the determined height and diameter of the silo after the process selection, and according to the built-in calculation rules, the silo wall body, funnel, and supporting ring beam are intelligently optimized and modeled based on big data statistics and knowledge graphs.

[0010] Based on engineering experience, we conducted optimized design and modeling of the silo top.

[0011] S3. Conduct a complete set of design based on component coding, including intelligent design, component coding and automatic drawing generation, and real-time accurate statistics of steel consumption.

[0012] Preferably, S1 specifically includes:

[0013] S101. Obtain the following parameter information: type of stored material, storage capacity, inner diameter of steel silo, feeding method, material repose angle, and outlet size parameters;

[0014] S102. Based on the optimal height-to-diameter ratio of the process design, and according to the storage characteristics, give the height and diameter of the silo within a reasonable height-to-diameter ratio range according to the module.

[0015] For different height-to-diameter ratios, based on big data statistics and reasonable design, a list is provided for the recommended values ​​of ring beam height, positioning and estimated steel consumption under different schemes, for scheme comparison and selection.

[0016] S103. Based on the most economical steel consumption or the layout that better meets the actual design requirements, determine the steel silo process selection, which includes external dimensions and positioning information.

[0017] Preferably, in S2, based on the determined height and diameter of the silo after process selection, and according to built-in calculation rules, the silo wall body, funnel, and supporting ring beam are intelligently optimized and modeled using big data statistics and knowledge graphs; specifically including:

[0018] (1) Based on the process selection, extract the steel silo diameter, applicable silo height, and storage density of the silo body, including the main silo wall, funnel, and supporting ring beam;

[0019] (2) Clean and preprocess the historical engineering drawings to remove abnormal design information. Based on the steel silo diameter, applicable silo height and storage density, classify the silo wall, funnel, supporting ring beam, silo top and funnel lower connector.

[0020] (3) Using natural language processing technology, identify and establish the relationships between the main body of the steel silo wall, the funnel, the supporting ring beam, the silo top, and the lower connector of the funnel, and extract knowledge; on this basis, construct a knowledge graph.

[0021] (4) Construct a computational optimization strategy to form the structure after the overall process is automatically selected, and form a local optimization intelligent recommendation algorithm;

[0022] (5) Model the main body of the silo wall, the funnel, and the supporting ring beam.

[0023] Preferably, in S2, based on engineering experience, the silo top is optimized and modeled; wherein: the silo top includes: the silo top plate, the discharge port and measuring hole on the silo top, the silo top beam, and the stiffening ribs under the silo top plate. The optimization design and modeling process includes:

[0024] S201. Determine the size and location of each opening on the top of the silo based on the process data provided.

[0025] S202. Complete the layout of the automatic silo top structure;

[0026] Step 1: First, arrange the beams on both sides of the discharge port, placing the beams along the long side of the discharge port;

[0027] Step 2: When encountering a beam at an opening, first shift the beam towards the center to the edge of the opening; if the shift causes interference with other openings, cancel the shift and round down to 10mm from the edge of the beam to the edge of the opening.

[0028] Step 3: Arrange secondary beams along both sides of the opening, with a net distance of ≥200mm between the secondary beams and the main beams;

[0029] Step 4: For openings with a diameter <200mm or rectangular openings with both sides <200mm, no beams should be installed around the opening.

[0030] Step 5: The beam height is calculated based on the beam span L / 30+50, rounded up, and the HN-shaped steel section is used.

[0031] Preferably, S3 specifically includes:

[0032] S301, Component Coding: Based on different stages of the subsequent project, each part of the steel silo will be numbered. The coding rules are as follows: Project number - Sub-item number - Professional number - Area number - Main structure number - Steel silo component number - Component number contained in each component, and complete the sequential coding, and assign values ​​and match them in each part of the program module.

[0033] S302, Automatic Drawing Output: Records modeling results, reads plane and elevation views including grid positioning, steel silo component dimensions and specifications, and positioning information, converts the read data into plan and elevation drawings, displays them in the front-end drawing list, and performs automatic drawing based on the drawing output list;

[0034] S303. Based on the component coding level, according to different statistical requirements of gross weight and net weight, relevant information is extracted from components and / or parts to generate a steel silo component detail table that meets the material list statistical requirements of different project stages.

[0035] Preferably, S302 includes:

[0036] S3021. Based on the model, obtain the sectioning of the three-dimensional planar and elevation views to obtain the outline of the steel silo body and its attachments; by controlling the size of the range display frame, complete the setting of the display range of the content within the viewport;

[0037] S3022. Based on the viewport display of the main body of the silo, obtain the outer contour lines of each component of the main body, and complete the dimension annotation and positioning of the main body.

[0038] Preferably, the drawing content includes:

[0039] The silo roof plan includes the positioning of the steel silo roof plane and the main axis grid, the silo roof plan layout, the dimensioning and positioning of components, the dimensioning and marking of holes; the dimensions of the silo roof openings and the elevation of the flashing bosses.

[0040] Silo wall sectional view: including the height, wall thickness, and upper and lower opening dimensions of the silo wall and funnel after the steel silo is sectionally cut along the centerline;

[0041] Ring beam layout drawing: including the layout of ring beam, ring plate and stiffening ribs, dimension marking and positioning and plate thickness marking, and detailed elevation details of ring beam;

[0042] Sectional views of the discharge ports: sectional views of each discharge port, positioning dimensions, and plate thickness;

[0043] Typical node details: Using the front-end and back-end linkage parameter drawing method, detailed node drawings are completed, including the connection node of the silo top beam and the welding method at the corner of the silo wall and the funnel.

[0044] Preferably, the built-in calculation rules include:

[0045] S2011, Calculation of internal forces in silos based on built-in calculation rules:

[0046] S20111. Determine the correction factor for calculating the internal forces of the warehouse wall;

[0047] The horizontal pressure correction factor Ch of the silo wall is determined based on the silo height hn, the silo inner diameter dn, and the storage depth S.

[0048] The correction factor Cf for silo wall friction pressure is determined based on the silo height hn and the silo inner diameter dn.

[0049] S20112. Determine the horizontal pressure Ph per unit area of ​​the silo wall. Based on the silo's external dimensions, storage load, and the horizontal dynamic pressure correction coefficient Ch, determine the horizontal pressure Ph per unit area of ​​the silo wall.

[0050] S20113. Determine the unit vertical pressure Pvk of the silo wall. Based on the external dimensions of the silo and the storage load, determine the unit vertical pressure Pvk of the silo wall.

[0051] S20114. Determine the vertical friction force Pfk per unit area of ​​the silo wall. Based on the silo's external dimensions and storage load, determine the vertical friction force Pfk per unit area of ​​the silo wall.

[0052] S20115. Determine the vertical friction force qfk per unit area of ​​the silo wall. Based on the silo's external dimensions and storage load, determine the vertical friction force qfk per unit area of ​​the silo wall.

[0053] S20116. Determine the design value of vertical pressure per unit perimeter of the warehouse wall, qv. Based on the standard value of vertical pressure per unit perimeter of the warehouse wall caused by the permanent load of the warehouse roof and the building above the warehouse, qgk; the standard value of vertical friction force per unit perimeter of the warehouse wall, qfk; the standard value of vertical pressure per unit perimeter of the warehouse wall caused by the variable load of the warehouse roof and the building above the warehouse, qQik; the standard value of vertical pressure per unit perimeter of the warehouse wall caused by wind load, qwk; determine the vertical friction force per unit area of ​​the warehouse wall, qfk; and the friction pressure correction coefficient Cf; and determine the design value of vertical pressure per unit perimeter of the warehouse wall, qv.

[0054] S2012, Calculation of bin wall optimization based on process selection and internal forces;

[0055] S20121. Classify existing steel silos in engineering projects according to the stored materials and their external dimensions; among them, the stored materials are classified according to density: density ≤ 1.0t / m³ 3 1.0t / m 3 ~1.6t / m 3 and 1.6t / m 3 Multiple levels; external dimensions are based on the main factors affecting the thickness of the silo wall, namely diameter and height, with diameter increments of 500mm and height increments of 1m, to achieve multi-directional matching; forming a silo wall selection map, with configuration support for expansion and reduction;

[0056] S20122. Based on the bin wall selection diagram and the built-in calculation rules, complete the optimized bin wall selection calculation.

[0057] The optimization calculation of the silo wall, based on the stress condition of the steel silo wall, requires consideration of the dual effects of horizontal pressure and vertical friction on the silo wall by the material. The silo wall calculation is divided into two categories: strength calculation and stability calculation. The strength calculation includes: strength calculation under horizontal pressure, strength calculation under vertical pressure, and equivalent stress under both horizontal and vertical pressure. The stability calculation includes: stability calculation under vertical axial pressure, stability calculation under both vertical and horizontal pressure, stability calculation of empty silo walls, and stability calculation of local bearing pressure.

[0058] In the specific design, the first step is to determine the correction factor for the silo wall calculation and the basic external loads required for the calculation of the silo wall internal forces. Then, based on the aforementioned external loads and correction factors, the strength and stability of the silo wall under horizontal and vertical pressures are calculated separately to ensure that the wall thickness meets the design strength requirements. The specific process is as follows:

[0059] Determine the initial silo wall thickness. Based on engineering experience, for different silo diameters dn, the initial silo wall thickness is given as the basis for subsequent optimization calculation iterations.

[0060] The strength calculation under horizontal pressure of the silo wall is determined. Based on the silo diameter dn, the horizontal pressure per unit area of ​​the silo wall Ph and the initial silo wall thickness, the strength stress under horizontal pressure of the silo wall is calculated. After repeated iterative calculations of the silo wall thickness, it is determined that the strength stress meets the design value requirements.

[0061] The strength calculation of the silo wall under vertical pressure is determined. Based on the silo thickness t and the design value of vertical pressure per unit perimeter of the silo wall qv, the strength stress of the silo wall under horizontal pressure is calculated. After repeated iterative calculations based on the silo wall thickness, the strength stress is made to meet the design value requirements.

[0062] The strength calculation of the silo wall under the combined action of horizontal and vertical pressure is determined. Based on the strength of the silo wall under horizontal pressure and the strength of the silo wall under vertical pressure, the equivalent strength stress of the silo wall under the combined pressure is calculated. After repeated iterative calculations of the silo wall thickness, it is determined that the strength stress meets the design value requirements.

[0063] The stability calculation of the silo wall under vertical axial compression was determined. Based on the inner diameter dn of the steel silo, the wall thickness t, the elastic modulus E, and the strength calculation value of the silo wall under vertical pressure, the equivalent strength stress of the silo wall under combined pressure was calculated. After repeated iterative calculations of the wall thickness, it was determined that the strength stress design value requirement was met.

[0064] Determine the minimum acceptable bin wall thickness based on design conditions and provide bin wall selection tables for different diameters and heights;

[0065] Based on the strength and stability calculation results of the silo wall, the most economical optimized calculation value of the silo wall thickness that can meet the design conditions is determined. At the same time, taking into account design experience, a selection table is given for silos with different diameters and heights.

[0066] The optimal wall thickness is recommended based on the selection table, and the principles are as follows:

[0067] For steel silo diameters listed in the table, and within the applicable height range, select directly from the selection table;

[0068] For steel silo diameters that exceed the range in the selection table but are smaller than the minimum diameter steel silo in the selection table, the wall thickness of the minimum diameter steel silo shall be used. For steel silo diameters that exceed the range in the selection table, optimization calculations shall be performed in accordance with the aforementioned principles.

[0069] For steel silos with diameters exceeding the economically suitable height in the selection table, optimization calculations must be performed according to the aforementioned principles;

[0070] For steel silos within the diameter range listed in the diameter interval, the recommended silo wall thickness is taken up;

[0071] S2013. Optimization calculation of the funnel: After determining the funnel type, external dimensions and storage information based on the process selection, and based on the initial funnel wall thickness after considering engineering experience data analysis, calculate and verify whether the tensile strength in the above two directions and the corresponding equivalent stress meet the design strength requirements. The calculation iteration steps refer to the bin wall.

[0072] S2014, Optimization of the ring beam:

[0073] S20141. Collect steel silo ring beam drawings and calculation documents. After analysis, the three most direct factors in the generation of the ring beam were determined: steel silo diameter, applicable silo height, and storage density.

[0074] S20142. The collected steel silo ring beam drawings are cleaned and preprocessed to remove abnormal design information. The components of the ring beam are classified according to the three factors mentioned above.

[0075] S2013. Natural language processing technology is used to identify and establish the interrelationships between the various components of the steel silo, and knowledge is extracted; based on this, the ring beam ontology and knowledge graph are constructed.

[0076] S20144. Construct the main body of the ring beam, including the ring beam height, flange width, flange thickness, circumferential web thickness, vertical stiffening rib thickness and spacing angle;

[0077] S20145. Based on the statistical analysis of design experience of previous engineering projects, assign initial values ​​to the steel silo ring beams of each diameter according to the minimum initial values ​​of each item.

[0078] S20146. Perform trial calculations and iterations on step five, with the following iteration priority: ring beam height, flange width, flange thickness, and web thickness, to obtain a series of ring beam plate combinations that meet the above structural requirements.

[0079] S20147. For the ring beam in step six, calculate the stress ratios according to the calculation formula, and take the largest value so that the maximum stress ratio limit is controlled within: 0.85 < σ < 0.95.

[0080] S20148. The ring beams in step seven are sorted by weight from smallest to largest. The weight calculation formula is: W = circumference of the diameter corresponding to the center of the ring beam width C * ring beam section A + number of stiffening ribs n * weight of stiffening rib plate G1.

[0081] Wherein, the ring beam section A = 2 * (ring beam flange width * flange thickness + (ring beam total height - 2 * flange thickness) * web thickness); the number of stiffeners n = 360 / stiffener angle, rounded up; the weight of a single stiffener plate G1 = (ring beam total height - 2 * flange thickness) * stiffener thickness.

[0082] S20149. The range of weights in step eight is: the ring beam section scheme within the range of minimum weight * 1.05.

[0083] S20150. Following step nine, within the mass range, select the ring beam section with the minimum stress ratio as the optimized ring beam section parameter output.

[0084] The second objective of this invention is to provide a BIM-based integrated intelligent design system for steel silos, wherein the steel silo includes a silo wall body, a funnel, a supporting ring beam, a silo top, and a lower connector for the funnel; the design system includes:

[0085] Selection scheme generation module: Based on the parameter information of the steel silo layout, determine the height and diameter of the silo and provide a scheme for the selection of steel silo process;

[0086] Design optimization module: Optimizes the components of the steel silo; including:

[0087] Based on the determined height and diameter of the silo after the process selection, and according to the built-in calculation rules, the silo wall body, funnel, and supporting ring beam are intelligently optimized and modeled based on big data statistics and knowledge graphs.

[0088] Based on engineering experience, we conducted optimized design and modeling of the silo top.

[0089] Encoding output module: Performs a complete set of scheme selection, intelligent design, component coding and automatic drawing generation, and real-time accurate statistics of steel consumption based on component coding.

[0090] The third objective of this invention is to provide an information data processing terminal, characterized in that it is used to implement the above-mentioned BIM-based integrated intelligent design method for steel silos.

[0091] A fourth objective of this invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium including instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the aforementioned BIM-based integrated intelligent design method for steel silos.

[0092] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0093] This invention, leveraging built-in steel silo design experience and rules, employs an optimization algorithm under given external design conditions, such as the types of materials to be stored and the interfaces of connecting equipment. It achieves continuous evolution and optimization from traditional design methods, based on BIM visualization technology. This intelligent design method and approach encompasses automatic steel silo process layout, automatic optimization and recommendation of economical specifications based on big data, and ultimately, rapid 3D modeling, drawing generation, and accurate quantity calculation. This method helps improve design quality, reduce errors and costs, and increase overall project efficiency. Simultaneously, the application of BIM technology enables collaboration and sharing across all stages from concept to construction and operation, significantly improving project quality, efficiency, and cost control capabilities. It facilitates project information sharing, collaborative work, and real-time monitoring, providing more comprehensive and accurate data support throughout the design, construction, and operation of steel silos.

[0094] This invention employs BIM 3D technology and integrates software to achieve collaborative design and 3D solid modeling expression among multiple disciplines in steel silo design. This makes the design more intuitive, facilitates CNC machining, and ultimately realizes a systematic and intelligent design of the entire steel silo process. Attached Figure Description

[0095] Figure 1 A flowchart of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0096] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the warehouse roof beams in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0097] Figure 3 This is the automatic modeling interface in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0098] To make the above-mentioned objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0099] In terms of engineering design, both overall planning and optimization of local aspects are necessary. From the initial design stage, the selection of processes for the steel silo involves comprehensive optimization; simultaneously, in the local structural design, knowledge internalization and engineering experience are used to achieve detailed optimization. This approach achieves optimal overall economy and a more rational design, while also reducing the reliance on engineers' professional experience as is common in traditional design.

[0100] In terms of implementation, unlike traditional 2D CAD design, BIM 3D technology is used. Through integrated software, collaborative design and 3D solid modeling of steel silos across multiple disciplines are achieved, making the design more intuitive and facilitating CNC machining integration. This ultimately realizes a fully systematic and intelligent design process for the entire steel silo project. The process is as follows: Figure 1 As shown.

[0101] Please see Figures 1 to 3 ;

[0102] A BIM-based integrated intelligent design method for steel silos, wherein the steel silo includes a main silo wall, a funnel, a supporting ring beam, a silo roof, and a lower connector for the funnel; the design method includes:

[0103] S1. Based on the parameter information of the steel silo layout, determine the height and diameter of the silo body, and provide a scheme for the selection of steel silo process.

[0104] S2. Optimize the components of the steel silo; including:

[0105] Based on the determined height and diameter of the silo after the process selection, and according to the built-in calculation rules, the silo wall body, funnel, and supporting ring beam are intelligently optimized and modeled based on big data statistics and knowledge graphs.

[0106] Based on engineering experience, we conducted optimized design and modeling of the silo top.

[0107] S3. Conduct a complete set of design based on component coding, including intelligent design, component coding and automatic drawing generation, and real-time accurate statistics of steel consumption.

[0108] To gain a deeper understanding of the technical solution of this application, each step will be explained in detail below:

[0109] S1. Based on the main parameters of the steel silo layout, including the type of stored material, storage capacity, inner diameter of the steel silo, feeding method, material accumulation angle, and outlet size parameters, determine the silo body shape design. The silo body shape design mainly includes the height and diameter of the silo body, and automatically provide a steel silo process selection scheme.

[0110] S101. Extract the main parameters affecting the process layout of the steel silo, including: type of stored material (bulk density), storage capacity, inner diameter of the steel silo, feeding method, material repose angle, and outlet size parameters.

[0111] S102. Based on the optimal height-to-diameter ratio of the process design, and according to the storage characteristics, provide a configuration scheme for the silo height (silo wall and hopper height) within a reasonable height-to-diameter ratio range by module. For different height-to-diameter ratios, based on big data statistics and reasonable design, list the recommended values ​​for the ring beam height and positioning, as well as the estimated steel consumption under different schemes, for scheme comparison and selection.

[0112] S103. Determine the process selection scheme. Based on the aforementioned analysis, a series of process schemes are obtained. The steel silo process selection can be determined according to the most economical steel consumption or the layout that better meets the actual design requirements and is relatively economical. The steel silo process selection includes external dimensions and positioning information.

[0113] S2. Optimize the components of the steel silo;

[0114] Based on the steel silo exterior design after the process selection was determined, and according to the built-in calculation rules, calculations were performed on each component of the steel silo (main silo wall, funnel, supporting ring beam, silo top, and lower connector of the funnel). Furthermore, intelligent optimization calculations based on big data statistics and knowledge graphs were performed on the main silo wall, funnel, and supporting ring beam. Specifically, this included:

[0115] (1) Based on the process, identify and extract the key influencing factors of the local structural optimization of the main components of the steel silo, such as the silo wall, funnel, and supporting ring beam (e.g., steel silo diameter, applicable silo height, and storage density); the extraction process includes: 1. For the main components of the silo: identify them according to the location of the steel silo, the upper cylinder is the silo wall, the lower part is the funnel, the circumferential structure supporting the steel silo is the ring beam, and the connector below the funnel is the connector for connecting to the equipment; 2. For the key influencing factors, based on a large number of previous engineering drawings and practices, statistical analysis is conducted to obtain the probability of influence (if needed, I can provide you with the original data table of analysis) to obtain the key influencing factors of each part;

[0116] (2) Clean and preprocess a large amount of existing engineering drawings and data, remove abnormal design information, and classify and process each component (main body of silo wall, funnel, supporting ring beam, silo top and lower connector of funnel) according to the above main influencing factors (such as steel silo diameter, applicable height of silo body, and storage density). Abnormal design information mainly refers to the fact that the design form, wall thickness and other aspects of the same specification diameter steel silo are significantly different from the conventional ones due to special requirements of the owner or unreasonable design.

[0117] (3) Use natural language processing (NLP) technology to identify and establish the relationships between the main components of the steel silo, and extract knowledge; on this basis, construct an ontology knowledge graph;

[0118] (4) The calculation optimization strategy is built into the integrated design software system to form a local optimization intelligent recommendation algorithm for structural composition based on the aforementioned automatic selection of overall process;

[0119] Based on engineering experience, the optimized design and modeling of the silo top were completed. The silo top includes: the silo top plate, the discharge port and measuring hole on the silo top, the silo top beam, and the stiffening ribs under the silo top plate. Specifically, it includes:

[0120] Based on the process data, the dimensions and locations of each opening on the silo roof were analyzed and determined.

[0121] Based on the foregoing analysis, the layout of the automated silo top structure was completed;

[0122] Step 1: First, arrange the beams on both sides of the discharge port, placing the beams along the long side of the discharge port;

[0123] Step 2: When encountering a beam at an opening, first shift the beam towards the center to the edge of the opening; if the shift causes interference with other openings, cancel the shift and round down to 10mm from the edge of the beam to the edge of the opening.

[0124] Step 3: Arrange secondary beams along both sides of the opening, with a net distance of ≥200mm between the secondary beams and the main beams;

[0125] Step 4: For openings with a diameter <200mm or rectangular openings with both sides <200mm, no beams should be installed along the edges of the opening.

[0126] Step 5: The beam height is calculated based on the beam span L / 30+50, rounded up, and taken as an HN-shaped steel section.

[0127] S3. Implement a complete set of design methods based on component coding, including intelligent design, component coding and automatic drawing generation, and real-time accurate statistics of steel consumption.

[0128] Component coding: Based on different stages of the subsequent project (construction drawing design and detailed design, as well as subsequent processing and manufacturing, and on-site installation), each component of the steel silo is numbered. The coding rules are as follows: sequential coding is completed by project number - sub-item number - professional number - area number - main structure number - steel silo component number - component number contained in each component. The code is then assigned and matched in the program development of each part. This coding is also the basis for accurate material statistics.

[0129] Automatic drawing generation: The modeling and optimization results are recorded in the background program, which reads information including grid positioning (plan and elevation), steel silo component dimensions and specifications, and positioning. The read data is converted into plan and elevation drawings and displayed in the front-end drawing list. The program then automatically draws based on the drawing list.

[0130] Step 1: Based on the sectioning of the 3D planar and elevation views, obtain the outline of the steel silo body and its attachments; by controlling the size of the range display frame, complete the setting of the display range of the content within the viewport.

[0131] Step 2: Based on the viewport displaying the main body of the silo, obtain the outer contour lines of each component of the main body, and complete the main body dimension annotation and positioning.

[0132] The contents of each part of the drawings include:

[0133] (1) Warehouse roof plan: including the positioning of the steel silo roof plane and the main axis grid, the layout of the silo roof plane, the dimensioning and positioning of components, and the dimensioning and marking of holes. Dimensions of silo roof openings and the elevation of the flashing bosses.

[0134] (2) Sectional view of the silo wall: including the height, wall thickness, and upper and lower opening dimensions of the silo wall, funnel, and hopper (if any) after the steel silo is sectioned along the center line.

[0135] (3) Ring beam layout drawing: including the layout of the ring beam, ring plate and stiffening ribs, dimension markings and positioning, and plate thickness markings. Detailed elevation drawings of the ring beam.

[0136] (4) Sectional view of the discharge port: Sectional view of each discharge port, positioning dimensions and plate thickness.

[0137] (5) Detailed drawings of typical nodes: The front and back ends are linked to obtain parameters and draw lines to complete the detailed drawings of nodes including the connection nodes of the top beam of the silo and the welding methods at the corners of the silo wall and the funnel.

[0138] Based on the aforementioned component coding levels, and according to different statistical requirements such as gross weight and net weight, relevant information is extracted from components / parts to generate a detailed list of steel silo parts that meets the statistical requirements of the material list at different project stages.

[0139] Based on the determined optimal process and steel silo dimensions, this application performs local design optimization according to built-in calculation rules.

[0140] The structural optimization design of the steel silo mainly involves the dimensional optimization of the silo wall, hopper, and supporting ring beam. Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0141] 2.1 Calculation of internal forces in silos

[0142] 2.1.1 Determine the correction factor for calculating the internal forces of the silo wall

[0143] (1) Correction coefficient for horizontal pressure on the silo wall Ch

[0144] The horizontal pressure correction coefficient Ch of the silo wall is determined based on the silo height hn, the silo inner diameter dn, and the storage depth S.

[0145] (2) Correction coefficient for bin wall friction pressure Cf

[0146] The correction coefficient Cf for silo wall friction pressure is determined based on the silo height hn and the silo inner diameter dn.

[0147] 2.1.2 Determine the horizontal pressure Ph per unit area of ​​the silo wall

[0148] The horizontal pressure Ph per unit area of ​​the silo wall is determined based on the silo's external dimensions (height hn and inner diameter dn), storage load (material density γ, material internal friction angle φ, material friction coefficient μ against the silo wall, material lateral pressure coefficient K, and hydraulic radius ρ of the horizontal net section), and horizontal dynamic pressure correction coefficient Ch.

[0149] 2.1.3 Determine the unit vertical pressure Pvk of the silo wall

[0150] Based on the silo's external dimensions (height hn and inner diameter dn), storage load (material density γ, material internal friction angle φ, material friction coefficient μ against the silo wall, and hydraulic radius ρ of the horizontal net section), determine the unit vertical pressure Pvk of the silo wall.

[0151] 2.1.4 Determine the vertical friction force Pfk per unit area of ​​the warehouse wall.

[0152] Based on the silo's external dimensions (height hn and inner diameter dn), storage load (material density γ, internal friction angle φ, friction coefficient μ between material and silo wall, and hydraulic radius ρ of the horizontal net section), determine the vertical friction force Pfk per unit area of ​​the silo wall.

[0153] 2.1.5 Determine the vertical friction force per unit area of ​​the warehouse wall, qfk

[0154] Based on the silo's external dimensions (height hn and inner diameter dn), storage load (material density γ, internal friction angle φ, friction coefficient μ between material and silo wall, and hydraulic radius ρ of the horizontal net section), determine the vertical friction force per unit area of ​​the silo wall.

[0155] 2.1.6 Determine the design value qv of the vertical pressure per unit perimeter of the silo wall.

[0156] Based on the standard value of the vertical pressure per unit perimeter of the warehouse wall caused by the permanent load of the warehouse roof and the building above the warehouse, qgk; the standard value of the vertical friction force per unit perimeter of the warehouse wall, qfk; the standard value of the vertical pressure per unit perimeter of the warehouse wall caused by the variable load of the warehouse roof and the building above the warehouse, qQik; and the standard value of the vertical pressure per unit perimeter of the warehouse wall caused by the wind load, qwk, the vertical friction force per unit area of ​​the warehouse wall, qfk, and the friction pressure correction coefficient Cf are determined, and the design value of the vertical pressure per unit perimeter of the warehouse wall, qv, is determined.

[0157] 2.2 Optimization calculation of bin walls

[0158] Based on the stress conditions of the steel silo wall, the local structural optimization design of the silo wall needs to consider the dual effects of the horizontal pressure and vertical friction force exerted by the material on the silo wall. Silo wall calculations are divided into two categories: strength calculation and stability calculation. Strength calculations mainly include: strength calculation under horizontal pressure, strength calculation under vertical pressure, and equivalent stress under both horizontal and vertical pressures. Stability calculations mainly include: stability calculation under vertical axial pressure, stability calculation under both vertical and horizontal pressures, stability calculation of empty silos, and stability calculation of localized bearing pressure.

[0159] In the specific design, the first step is to determine the correction factor for the silo wall calculation and the basic external loads required for calculating the internal forces of the silo wall. Secondly, based on the aforementioned external loads and correction factors, the strength and stability of the silo wall under horizontal and vertical pressures are calculated separately to ensure that the wall thickness meets the design strength requirements. The specific process is as follows:

[0160] 2.2.1 Determine the initial silo wall thickness

[0161] Based on engineering experience, an initial silo wall thickness is given for different silo diameters dn, which serves as the basis for subsequent optimization calculations and iterations.

[0162] 2.2.2 Determining the strength of the silo wall under horizontal pressure calculation

[0163] Based on the silo diameter dn, the horizontal pressure per unit area of ​​the silo wall Ph, and the initial silo wall thickness, the strength stress under the horizontal pressure of the silo wall is calculated. After repeated iterative calculations of the silo wall thickness, it is determined that the strength stress meets the design value requirements.

[0164] 2.2.3 Determine the strength of the silo wall under vertical pressure calculation

[0165] Based on the silo thickness t and the design value of vertical pressure per unit perimeter of the silo wall qv, the strength stress under horizontal pressure on the silo wall is calculated. After repeated iterative calculations based on the silo wall thickness, the strength stress is made to meet the design value requirements.

[0166] 2.2.4 Determine the strength of the silo wall under the combined action of vertical and horizontal pressures.

[0167] Based on the strength of the silo wall under horizontal pressure and the strength of the silo wall under vertical pressure, the equivalent strength stress under the combined pressure of the silo wall is calculated. After repeated iterative calculations of the silo wall thickness, it is determined that the strength stress meets the design value requirements.

[0168] 2.2.5 Determine the stability calculation of the silo wall under vertical axial compression.

[0169] Based on the inner diameter dn of the steel silo, the wall thickness t, the elastic modulus E, and the calculated strength value of the silo wall under vertical pressure, the equivalent strength stress under combined pressure on the silo wall is calculated. After repeated iterative calculations of the wall thickness, it is determined that the strength stress meets the design requirements.

[0170] 2.2.6 Determine the minimum optimal calculated value for the silo wall thickness that can meet the design conditions, and provide a silo wall selection table for different diameters and heights (knowledge internalization).

[0171] Based on the aforementioned calculation results of the strength and stability of the silo wall, the most economical optimized calculation value of the silo wall thickness that meets the design conditions is determined. At the same time, taking into account design experience (considering the wear resistance of the silo wall and the minimum processing and manufacturing wall thickness requirements), a selection table is provided for silos with different diameters and heights applicable to different ranges.

[0172] 2.2.7 Optimal Wall Thickness Recommendation Based on Selection Table

[0173] (1) For the diameter of the steel silo in the table, and within the applicable height range, select directly according to the selection table;

[0174] (2) For steel silos that are outside the range of steel silos in the selection table but smaller than the minimum diameter steel silos in the selection table, the wall thickness of the minimum diameter steel silos shall be used. For steel silos that are outside the range of steel silos in the selection table, optimization calculations shall be performed in accordance with the aforementioned principles.

[0175] (3) For steel silos with diameters exceeding the economically suitable height in the selection table, optimization calculations should be performed according to the aforementioned principles.

[0176] (4) For steel silos within the diameter range listed in the diameter interval, the recommended silo wall thickness is to be taken from the top.

[0177] 2.3 Optimization calculation for the funnel

[0178] From a stress perspective, the funnel, as a crucial component of the steel silo's unloading mechanism, serves as the bottom of the silo's main structure, bearing the radial and circumferential tensile forces resulting from the vertical pressure exerted by the stored material. After selecting the appropriate funnel type, dimensions, and material information based on the process, and using the initial funnel wall thickness calculated incorporating engineering experience data, the tensile strength in both directions and the corresponding equivalent stresses are calculated and verified to ensure they meet the design strength requirements.

[0179] 2.4 Optimization Calculation of Ring Beam

[0180] From a stress perspective, the ring beam, as an important supporting structure of the steel silo, is located at the junction of the lower part of the silo wall and the funnel. When the silo is full, in addition to being subjected to vertical shear force and bending moment, it is also subjected to a large torque caused by the weight of the material due to the structure of the equipment itself. Therefore, using a box-section beam has better torsional and bending resistance.

[0181] Based on the aforementioned stress conditions of the ring beam, from an optimization calculation perspective, the main considerations are the vertical bending moment and shear force generated by the material storage, as well as the equivalent stress effect after superposition with torque. For ring beams with sensors at the bottom, the local pressure calculation under the sensor location also needs to be considered. Here, a knowledge graph is used to perform intelligent optimization analysis on the determination of the ring beam dimensions. The specific optimization calculation process is as follows:

[0182] a. A large number of steel silo ring beam drawings and calculation documents were collected. Analysis revealed the three main factors most directly influencing the ring beam's formation (silo diameter, applicable silo height, and material density). Based on this...

[0183] b. Clean and preprocess the large amount of previous engineering drawings and data mentioned above, remove abnormal design information, and classify the components of the ring beam according to the main influencing factors mentioned above.

[0184] c. Utilize Natural Language Processing (NLP) technology to identify and establish the interrelationships between the main components of the steel silo, and extract knowledge from them; based on this, construct the ring beam ontology and knowledge graph.

[0185] d. Construct the main body of the ring beam, including the ring beam height, flange width, flange thickness, circumferential web thickness, vertical stiffening rib thickness and spacing angle.

[0186] e. Based on statistical analysis of design experience from numerous past engineering projects, initial values ​​are assigned to the steel silo ring beams of each diameter according to the minimum initial values ​​for each item.

[0187] f. Perform trial calculations and iterations on step e, with the iteration priority order as follows: ring beam height, flange width, flange thickness, and web thickness, to obtain a series of ring beam plate combinations that meet the above structural requirements.

[0188] g. For the ring beam in step f, calculate the stress ratios according to the formulas, and take the largest value to ensure that the maximum stress ratio limit is controlled within: 0.85 < σ < 0.95.

[0189] h. The ring beams in step g are sorted by weight from smallest to largest. The weight calculation formula is: W = circumference of the diameter corresponding to the center of the ring beam width C * ring beam section A + number of stiffening ribs n * weight of stiffening rib plate G1.

[0190] i. Wherein, the section A of the ring beam is 2 * (ring beam flange width * flange thickness + (total ring beam height - 2 * flange thickness) * web thickness);

[0191] Number of stiffeners n = 360 / stiffener angle, rounded up. Weight of a single stiffener plate G1 = (Total height of the ring beam - 2 * flange thickness) *

[0192] Thickness of stiffening ribs.

[0193] j. Select the ring beam section scheme within the range of minimum weight to minimum weight * 1.05 from step i.

[0194] k. For the ring beam cross-sections within the range of step j, select the one with the minimum stress ratio as the output of the optimized ring beam cross-section parameters.

[0195] 3. Based on engineering experience, complete the rapid design and modeling of the silo top optimization.

[0196] The silo roof, as an important component of the steel silo structure, consists of: the silo roof plate, various openings in the silo roof (feeding inlet, measuring hole), the silo roof beam, and stiffening ribs under the silo roof plate, arranged as follows: Figure 2As shown. To facilitate rapid and reasonable layout modeling after design completion, a BIM-based 3D rapid modeling method and process for warehouse roofs is provided, as follows:

[0197] (1) Determine the dimensions (B*W*H) and location of each opening on the silo roof based on the information provided by the preceding process.

[0198] (2) Prioritize the arrangement of beams on both sides of the feed inlet (central rectangle), and arrange the beams along the long side of the feed inlet.

[0199] (3) When encountering an opening, the beam should be shifted towards the center to the edge of the opening. If the shift causes interference with other openings, the shift should be cancelled and rounded to 10mm from the edge of the beam to the edge of the opening.

[0200] (4) Arrange secondary beams along both sides of the opening, with a clear distance of ≥200mm between the secondary beams and the main beams.

[0201] (5) For openings with a diameter <200mm or rectangular openings with both sides <200mm, no beams shall be installed around the opening.

[0202] (6) The beam height is calculated based on the beam span L / 30+50, rounded up, and HN steel section is used.

[0203] A BIM-based integrated intelligent design system for steel silos, the steel silo comprising a main silo wall, a funnel, a supporting ring beam, a silo roof, and a lower connector for the funnel; the design system includes:

[0204] Selection scheme generation module: Based on the parameter information of the steel silo layout, determine the shape design of the silo body and provide a recommended selection scheme for the overall steel silo;

[0205] Design optimization module: Based on the external dimensions of the steel silo after the process selection is determined, local design optimization is performed according to the built-in calculation rules;

[0206] Modeling module: Based on engineering experience, complete the optimization design and modeling of the silo top.

[0207] The specific working process of the selection scheme generation module includes:

[0208] S101. Obtain the following parameter information: type of stored material, storage capacity, inner diameter of steel silo, feeding method, material repose angle, and outlet size parameters;

[0209] S102. Based on the optimal height-to-diameter ratio of the process design and according to the storage characteristics, the silo height within a reasonable height-to-diameter ratio range is given by module. For different height-to-diameter ratios, based on big data statistics and reasonable design, the ring beam height, recommended positioning value, and estimated steel consumption under different schemes are listed for scheme comparison.

[0210] S103. Determine the steel silo process selection based on the most economical steel consumption or the layout that best meets actual design requirements.

[0211] The specific working process of the design optimization module includes:

[0212] Silo internal force calculation:

[0213] Determine the correction factor for calculating the internal forces of the warehouse wall;

[0214] (1) The horizontal pressure correction coefficient Ch of the silo wall is determined based on the silo height hn, the silo inner diameter dn and the storage depth S.

[0215] (2) The correction coefficient Cf for silo wall friction pressure is determined based on the silo height hn and the silo inner diameter dn.

[0216] Determine the horizontal pressure Ph per unit area of ​​the silo wall. Based on the silo's external dimensions, storage load, and the horizontal dynamic pressure correction coefficient Ch, determine the horizontal pressure Ph per unit area of ​​the silo wall.

[0217] Determine the unit vertical pressure Pvk of the silo wall. Based on the external dimensions of the silo and the storage load, determine the unit vertical pressure Pvk of the silo wall.

[0218] Determine the vertical friction force Pfk per unit area of ​​the silo wall. Based on the silo's external dimensions and the storage load, determine the vertical friction force Pfk per unit area of ​​the silo wall.

[0219] Determine the vertical friction force qfk per unit area of ​​the silo wall. Based on the silo's external dimensions and the storage load, determine the vertical friction force qfk per unit area of ​​the silo wall.

[0220] Determine the design value of vertical pressure per unit perimeter of the warehouse wall, qv. Based on the standard value of vertical pressure per unit perimeter of the warehouse wall caused by the permanent load of the warehouse roof and the building above the warehouse, qgk; the standard value of vertical friction force per unit perimeter of the warehouse wall, qfk; the standard value of vertical pressure per unit perimeter of the warehouse wall caused by the variable load of the warehouse roof and the building above the warehouse, qQik; the standard value of vertical pressure per unit perimeter of the warehouse wall caused by wind load, qwk; determine the vertical friction force per unit area of ​​the warehouse wall, qfk; and the friction pressure correction coefficient Cf; and determine the design value of vertical pressure per unit perimeter of the warehouse wall, qv.

[0221] The optimization calculation of the silo wall, based on the stress condition of the steel silo wall, requires consideration of the dual effects of horizontal pressure and vertical friction on the silo wall by the material. The silo wall calculation is divided into two categories: strength calculation and stability calculation. The strength calculation includes: strength calculation under horizontal pressure, strength calculation under vertical pressure, and equivalent stress under both horizontal and vertical pressure. The stability calculation includes: stability calculation under vertical axial pressure, stability calculation under both vertical and horizontal pressure, stability calculation of empty silo walls, and stability calculation of local bearing pressure.

[0222] In the specific design, the first step is to determine the correction factor for the silo wall calculation and the basic external loads required for the calculation of the silo wall internal forces. Then, based on the aforementioned external loads and correction factors, the strength and stability of the silo wall under horizontal and vertical pressures are calculated separately to ensure that the wall thickness meets the design strength requirements. The specific process is as follows:

[0223] Determine the initial silo wall thickness. Based on engineering experience, for different silo diameters dn, the initial silo wall thickness is given as the basis for subsequent optimization calculation iterations.

[0224] The strength calculation under horizontal pressure of the silo wall is determined. Based on the silo diameter dn, the horizontal pressure per unit area of ​​the silo wall Ph and the initial silo wall thickness, the strength stress under horizontal pressure of the silo wall is calculated. After repeated iterative calculations of the silo wall thickness, it is determined that the strength stress meets the design value requirements.

[0225] The strength calculation of the silo wall under vertical pressure is determined. Based on the silo thickness t and the design value of vertical pressure per unit perimeter of the silo wall qv, the strength stress of the silo wall under horizontal pressure is calculated. After repeated iterative calculations based on the silo wall thickness, the strength stress is made to meet the design value requirements.

[0226] The strength calculation of the silo wall under the combined action of horizontal and vertical pressure is determined. Based on the strength of the silo wall under horizontal pressure and the strength of the silo wall under vertical pressure, the equivalent strength stress of the silo wall under the combined pressure is calculated. After repeated iterative calculations of the silo wall thickness, it is determined that the strength stress meets the design value requirements.

[0227] The stability calculation of the silo wall under vertical axial compression was determined. Based on the inner diameter dn of the steel silo, the wall thickness t, the elastic modulus E, and the strength calculation value of the silo wall under vertical pressure, the equivalent strength stress of the silo wall under combined pressure was calculated. After repeated iterative calculations of the wall thickness, it was determined that the strength stress design value requirement was met.

[0228] Determine the minimum acceptable bin wall thickness based on design conditions and provide bin wall selection tables for different diameters and heights;

[0229] Based on the aforementioned strength and stability calculation results of the silo wall, the most economical optimized calculation value of the silo wall thickness that can meet the design conditions is determined. At the same time, taking into account design experience, a selection table is given for silos with different diameters and heights.

[0230] Recommended optimal wall thickness based on the selection table:

[0231] For steel silo diameters listed in the table, and within the applicable height range, select directly from the selection table;

[0232] For steel silo diameters that exceed the range in the selection table but are smaller than the minimum diameter steel silo in the selection table, the wall thickness of the minimum diameter steel silo shall be used. For steel silo diameters that exceed the range in the selection table, optimization calculations shall be performed in accordance with the aforementioned principles.

[0233] For steel silos with diameters exceeding the economically suitable height in the selection table, optimization calculations must be performed according to the aforementioned principles;

[0234] For steel silos within the diameter range listed in the diameter interval, the recommended silo wall thickness is taken up;

[0235] The optimization calculation for the funnel, after determining the funnel form, external dimensions and storage information based on the process selection, calculates and verifies whether the tensile strength in the above two directions and the corresponding equivalent stress meet the design strength requirements based on the built-in initial funnel wall thickness after considering engineering experience data analysis.

[0236] Optimization of the ring beam:

[0237] Step 1: Collect drawings and calculation documents for the steel silo ring beam. Analysis reveals the three most direct factors influencing the ring beam's formation: silo diameter, applicable silo height, and material density. Based on this...

[0238] Step 2: Clean and preprocess the collected steel silo ring beam drawings to remove abnormal design information, and classify the components of the ring beam according to the three factors mentioned above.

[0239] Step 3: Use natural language processing technology to identify and establish the relationships between the various components of the steel silo, and extract knowledge; based on this, construct the ring beam ontology and knowledge graph;

[0240] Step 4: Construct the main body of the ring beam, including the ring beam height, flange width, flange thickness, circumferential web thickness, vertical stiffener thickness and spacing angle;

[0241] Step 5: Based on the statistical analysis of design experience from previous engineering projects, assign initial values ​​to the steel silo ring beams of each diameter according to the minimum initial values ​​for each item;

[0242] Step 6: Perform trial calculations and iterations on Step 5, with the following iteration priority: ring beam height, flange width, flange thickness, and web thickness, to obtain a series of ring beam plate combinations that meet the above structural requirements;

[0243] Step 7: Calculate the stress ratios of the ring beam in Step 6 according to the calculation formula, and take the largest value so that the maximum stress ratio limit is controlled within: 0.85 < σ < 0.95;

[0244] Step 8: The ring beams in Step 7 are sorted by weight from smallest to largest. The weight calculation formula is: W = circumference of the diameter corresponding to the center of the ring beam width C * ring beam section A + number of stiffening ribs n * weight of a single stiffening rib plate G1.

[0245] Wherein, the ring beam section A = 2 * (ring beam flange width * flange thickness + (total ring beam height - 2 * flange thickness) * web thickness); the number of stiffeners n = 360 / stiffener angle, rounded up. The weight of a single stiffener plate G1 = (total ring beam height - 2 * flange thickness) * stiffener thickness;

[0246] Step 9: Select the ring beam section scheme within the weight range of Step 8: minimum weight * 1.05;

[0247] Step 10: Based on the ring beam cross-section within the mass range of Step 9, select the section with the minimum stress ratio as the output of the optimized ring beam cross-section parameters.

[0248] The specific working process of the modeling module includes:

[0249] S301. Determine the size and location of each opening on the silo roof based on data provided by the preceding process.

[0250] S302. First, arrange the beams on both sides of the discharge port, and place the beams along the long side of the discharge port.

[0251] S303. When encountering a beam at an opening, first shift the beam towards the center to the edge of the opening; if this movement interferes with other openings, then cancel the operation.

[0252] Round the distance from the beam edge to the opening edge to 10mm.

[0253] S304. Secondary beams shall be arranged along both sides of the opening, with a net distance of ≥200mm between the secondary beams and the main beams.

[0254] S305. For openings with a diameter <200mm or rectangular openings with both sides <200mm, no beams shall be installed along the edges of the opening.

[0255] S306. The beam height is calculated based on the beam span L / 30+50, rounded up, and is taken as an HN type steel section.

[0256] An information data processing terminal is used to implement the above-mentioned BIM-based integrated intelligent design method for steel silos.

[0257] A computer-readable storage medium includes instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the aforementioned BIM-based integrated intelligent design method for steel silos.

[0258] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product, the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded or executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present invention are generated, in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a solid-state drive (SSD)).

[0259] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A BIM-based integrated intelligent design method for steel silos, wherein the steel silo comprises a silo wall body, a funnel, a supporting ring beam, a silo roof, and a lower connector for the funnel; characterized in that, The design method includes: S1. Based on the parameter information of the steel silo layout, determine the height and diameter of the silo body, and provide a scheme for the selection of steel silo process. S2. Optimize the components of the steel silo; including: Based on the determined height and diameter of the silo after process selection, and according to built-in calculation rules, intelligent optimization and modeling of the silo wall, funnel, and supporting ring beam are performed using big data statistics and knowledge graphs; specifically including: Based on the process selection, extract the steel silo diameter, applicable silo height, and storage density of the main silo wall, funnel, and supporting ring beam; Data cleaning and preprocessing were performed on historical engineering drawings to remove abnormal design information. Based on the steel silo diameter, applicable silo height, and storage density, the silo wall, funnel, supporting ring beam, silo top, and lower funnel connector were classified and processed. Natural language processing technology was used to identify and establish the relationships between the main body of the steel silo wall, the funnel, the supporting ring beam, the silo top, and the connector at the bottom of the funnel, and knowledge was extracted; based on this, a knowledge graph was constructed. A computational optimization strategy is constructed to form the structure after automatic selection of the overall process, which is then used to form a local optimization intelligent recommendation algorithm. Model the main body of the silo wall, the funnel, and the supporting ring beam; Based on engineering experience, the silo top was optimized and modeled. The silo top includes: the silo top plate, the material outlet and measuring hole on the silo top, the silo top beam, and the stiffening ribs under the silo top plate. The optimization design and modeling process includes: S201. Based on the process data provided, determine the size and location of each opening on the top of the silo; S202. Complete the layout of the automatic silo top structure; Step 1: First, arrange the beams on both sides of the discharge port, placing the beams along the long side of the discharge port; Step 2: When encountering a beam at an opening, first shift the beam towards the center to the edge of the opening; if the shift causes interference with other openings, cancel the shift and round down to 10mm from the edge of the beam to the edge of the opening. Step 3: Arrange secondary beams along both sides of the opening, with a net distance of ≥200mm between the secondary beams and the main beams; Step 4: For openings with a diameter <200mm or rectangular openings with both sides <200mm, no beams should be installed along the edges of the opening. Step 5: The beam height is calculated based on the beam span L / 30+50, rounded up, and taken as an HN-shaped steel section. S3. Conduct a complete set of design based on component coding, including intelligent design, component coding and automatic drawing generation, and real-time accurate statistics of steel consumption.

2. The BIM-based integrated intelligent design method for steel silos according to claim 1, characterized in that, S1 specifically includes: S101. Obtain the following parameter information: type of stored material, storage capacity, inner diameter of steel silo, feeding method, material repose angle, and outlet size parameters; S102. Based on the optimal height-to-diameter ratio of the process design, and according to the storage characteristics, give the height and diameter of the silo within a reasonable height-to-diameter ratio range according to the module. For different height-to-diameter ratios, based on big data statistics and reasonable design, a list is provided for the recommended values ​​of ring beam height, positioning and estimated steel consumption under different schemes, for scheme comparison and selection. S103. Based on the most economical steel consumption or the layout that better meets the actual design requirements, determine the steel silo process selection, which includes external dimensions and positioning information.

3. The BIM-based integrated intelligent design method for steel silos according to claim 1, characterized in that, S3 specifically includes: S301, Component Coding: Based on different stages of the subsequent project, each part of the steel silo will be numbered. The coding rules are as follows: Project number - Sub-item number - Professional number - Area number - Main structure number - Steel silo component number - Component number contained in each component, and complete the sequential coding, and assign values ​​and match them in each part of the program module. S302, Automatic Drawing Output: Records modeling results, reads plane and elevation views including grid positioning, steel silo component dimensions and specifications, and positioning information, converts the read data into plan and elevation drawings, displays them in the front-end drawing list, and performs automatic drawing based on the drawing output list; S303. Based on the component coding level, according to different statistical requirements of gross weight and net weight, relevant information is extracted from components and / or parts to generate a steel silo component detail table that meets the material list statistical requirements of different project stages.

4. The BIM-based integrated intelligent design method for steel silos according to claim 3, characterized in that, S302 includes: S3021. Based on the model, obtain the section of the three-dimensional planar and elevation views to obtain the outline of the steel silo body and its accessories; by controlling the size of the range display frame, complete the setting of the display range of the content within the viewport; S3022. Based on the viewport display of the main body of the silo, obtain the outer contour lines of each component of the main body, and complete the dimension annotation and positioning of the main body.

5. The BIM-based integrated intelligent design method for steel silos according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drawings include: The silo roof plan includes the silo roof plan and main axis grid positioning, silo roof plan layout, component dimensions and positioning, hole dimensions and positioning; silo roof opening dimensions and flashing boss elevation height; Silo wall sectional view: including the height, wall thickness, and upper and lower opening dimensions of the silo wall and funnel after the steel silo is sectionally cut along the centerline; Ring beam layout drawing: including the layout of ring beam, ring plate and stiffening ribs, dimension marking and positioning and plate thickness marking, and detailed drawings of ring beam elevation nodes; Sectional views of the discharge ports: sectional views of each discharge port, positioning dimensions, and plate thickness; Typical node details: Using the front-end and back-end linkage parameter drawing method, detailed node drawings are completed, including the connection node of the silo top beam and the welding method at the corner of the silo wall and the funnel.

6. The BIM-based integrated intelligent design method for steel silos according to claim 1, characterized in that, Built-in calculation rules include: S2011. Calculation of internal forces in silos based on built-in calculation rules: S20111. Determine the correction factor for calculating the internal forces of the warehouse wall; The horizontal pressure correction factor Ch of the silo wall is determined based on the silo height hn, the silo inner diameter dn, and the storage depth S. The correction factor Cf for silo wall friction pressure is determined based on the silo height hn and the silo inner diameter dn. S20112. Determine the horizontal pressure Ph per unit area of ​​the silo wall. Based on the silo's external dimensions, storage load, and the horizontal dynamic pressure correction coefficient Ch, determine the horizontal pressure Ph per unit area of ​​the silo wall. S20113. Determine the unit vertical pressure Pvk of the silo wall. Based on the external dimensions of the silo and the storage load, determine the unit vertical pressure Pvk of the silo wall. S20114. Determine the vertical friction force Pfk per unit area of ​​the silo wall. Based on the silo's external dimensions and storage load, determine the vertical friction force Pfk per unit area of ​​the silo wall. S20115. Determine the vertical friction force qfk per unit area of ​​the silo wall. Based on the silo's external dimensions and storage load, determine the vertical friction force qfk per unit area of ​​the silo wall. S20116. Determine the design value of vertical pressure per unit perimeter of the warehouse wall, qv. Based on the standard value of vertical pressure per unit perimeter of the warehouse wall caused by the permanent load of the warehouse roof and the building above the warehouse, qgk; the standard value of vertical friction force per unit perimeter of the warehouse wall, qfk; the standard value of vertical pressure per unit perimeter of the warehouse wall caused by the variable load of the warehouse roof and the building above the warehouse, qQik; the standard value of vertical pressure per unit perimeter of the warehouse wall caused by wind load, qwk; determine the vertical friction force per unit area of ​​the warehouse wall, qfk; and the friction pressure correction coefficient Cf; and determine the design value of vertical pressure per unit perimeter of the warehouse wall, qv. S2012, Calculation of bin wall optimization based on process selection and internal forces; S20121. Classify existing steel silos in engineering projects according to stored materials and external dimensions. Stored materials are categorized by density: ≤1.0t / m³, 1.0t / m³~1.6t / m³, and multiple grades up to 1.6t / m³. External dimensions are determined by the main influencing factors affecting silo wall thickness: diameter and height, with diameter increments of 500mm and height increments of 1m, achieving multi-directional matching. A silo wall selection chart is generated, with configurations supporting expansion and reduction. S20122. Based on the bin wall selection diagram and the built-in calculation rules, complete the optimized bin wall selection calculation. The optimization calculation of the silo wall, based on the stress condition of the steel silo wall, requires consideration of the dual effects of horizontal pressure and vertical friction on the silo wall by the material. The silo wall calculation is divided into two categories: strength calculation and stability calculation. The strength calculation includes: strength calculation under horizontal pressure, strength calculation under vertical pressure, and equivalent stress under both horizontal and vertical pressure. The stability calculation includes: stability calculation under vertical axial pressure, stability calculation under both vertical and horizontal pressure, stability calculation of empty silo walls, and stability calculation of local bearing pressure. In the specific design, the first step is to determine the correction factor for the silo wall calculation and the basic external loads required for the calculation of the silo wall internal forces. Then, based on the aforementioned external loads and correction factors, the strength and stability of the silo wall under horizontal and vertical pressures are calculated separately to ensure that the wall thickness meets the design strength requirements. The specific process is as follows: Determine the initial silo wall thickness. Based on engineering experience, for different silo diameters dn, the initial silo wall thickness is given as the basis for subsequent optimization calculation iterations. The strength calculation under horizontal pressure of the silo wall is determined. Based on the silo diameter dn, the horizontal pressure per unit area of ​​the silo wall Ph and the initial silo wall thickness, the strength stress under horizontal pressure of the silo wall is calculated. After repeated iterative calculations of the silo wall thickness, it is determined that the strength stress meets the design value requirements. The strength calculation of the silo wall under vertical pressure is determined. Based on the silo thickness t and the design value of vertical pressure per unit perimeter of the silo wall qv, the strength stress of the silo wall under horizontal pressure is calculated. After repeated iterative calculations based on the silo wall thickness, the strength stress meets the design value requirements. The strength calculation of the silo wall under the combined action of horizontal and vertical pressure is determined. Based on the strength of the silo wall under horizontal pressure and the strength of the silo wall under vertical pressure, the equivalent strength stress of the silo wall under the combined pressure is calculated. After repeated iterative calculations of the silo wall thickness, it is determined that the strength stress meets the design value requirements. The stability calculation of the silo wall under vertical axial compression was determined. Based on the inner diameter dn of the steel silo, the wall thickness t, the elastic modulus E, and the strength calculation value of the silo wall under vertical pressure, the equivalent strength stress of the silo wall under combined pressure was calculated. After repeated iterative calculations of the wall thickness, it was determined that the strength stress design value requirement was met. Determine the minimum acceptable bin wall thickness based on design conditions and provide bin wall selection tables for different diameters and heights; Based on the strength and stability calculation results of the silo wall, the most economical optimized calculation value of the silo wall thickness that can meet the design conditions is determined. At the same time, taking into account design experience, a selection table is given for silos with different diameters and heights. The optimal wall thickness is recommended based on the selection table, and the principles are as follows: For steel silo diameters listed in the table, and within the applicable height range, select directly from the selection table; For steel silo diameters that exceed the range in the selection table but are smaller than the minimum diameter steel silo in the selection table, the wall thickness of the minimum diameter steel silo shall be used. For steel silo diameters that exceed the range in the selection table, optimization calculations shall be performed in accordance with the aforementioned principles. For steel silos with diameters exceeding the economically viable height in the selection table, optimization calculations must be performed according to the aforementioned principles. For steel silos within the diameter range listed in the diameter interval, the recommended silo wall thickness is taken up; S2013. Optimization calculation of the funnel: After determining the funnel type, external dimensions and storage information based on the process selection, and based on the initial funnel wall thickness after considering engineering experience data analysis, calculate and verify whether the tensile strength in the above two directions and the corresponding equivalent stress meet the design strength requirements. The calculation iteration steps refer to the bin wall. S2014, Optimization of the ring beam: S20141. Collect steel silo ring beam drawings and calculation documents. After analysis, the three most direct factors in the generation of the ring beam were determined: steel silo diameter, applicable silo height, and storage density. S20142. The collected steel silo ring beam drawings are cleaned and preprocessed to remove abnormal design information. The components of the ring beam are classified according to the three factors mentioned above. S2013. Natural language processing technology is used to identify and establish the interrelationships between the various components of the steel silo, and knowledge is extracted; based on this, the ring beam ontology and knowledge graph are constructed. S20144. Construct the main body of the ring beam, including the ring beam height, flange width, flange thickness, circumferential web thickness, vertical stiffening rib thickness and spacing angle; S20145. Based on the statistical analysis of design experience of previous engineering projects, assign initial values ​​to the steel silo ring beams of each diameter according to the minimum initial values ​​of each item. S20146. Perform trial calculations and iterations on step five, with the following iteration priority: ring beam height, flange width, flange thickness, and web thickness, to obtain a series of ring beam plate combinations that meet the above structural requirements. S20147. For the ring beam in step six, calculate the stress ratios according to the calculation formula, and take the largest value so that the maximum stress ratio limit is controlled within: 0.85 < σ < 0.

95. S20148. The ring beams in step seven are sorted by weight from smallest to largest. The weight calculation formula is: W = circumference of the diameter corresponding to the center of the ring beam width C * ring beam section A + number of stiffening ribs n * weight of stiffening rib plate G1. Wherein, the ring beam section A = 2 * (ring beam flange width * flange thickness + (ring beam total height - 2 * flange thickness) * web thickness); the number of stiffeners n = 360 / stiffener angle, rounded up, and the stiffener single plate weight G1 = (ring beam total height - 2 * flange thickness) * stiffener thickness; S20149. The range of weights in step eight is: the ring beam section scheme within the range of minimum weight * 1.

05. S20150. Following step nine, within the mass range, select the ring beam section with the minimum stress ratio as the optimized ring beam section parameter output.

7. A BIM-based integrated intelligent design system for steel silos, characterized in that, The system is used to execute the BIM-based integrated intelligent design method for steel silos as described in any one of claims 1-6, the design system comprising: Selection scheme generation module: Based on the parameter information of the steel silo layout, determine the height and diameter of the silo and provide a scheme for the selection of steel silo process; Design optimization module: Optimizes the components of the steel silo; including: Based on the determined height and diameter of the silo after the process selection, and according to the built-in calculation rules, the silo wall body, funnel, and supporting ring beam are intelligently optimized and modeled based on big data statistics and knowledge graphs. Based on engineering experience, we conducted optimized design and modeling of the silo top; Encoding output module: Performs a complete set of scheme selection, intelligent design, component coding and automatic drawing generation, and real-time accurate statistics of steel consumption based on component coding.

8. A computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the BIM-based integrated intelligent design method for steel silos as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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