Information processing method and apparatus, communication device, communication system, and storage medium

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to an information processing method and apparatus, a communication device, a communication system and a storage medium, which can be performed by a first device, and the method comprises: receiving a first reference signal, the first reference signal occupying at least two resource elements; and sending first information to a network device, the first information comprising at least one first coefficient, each first coefficient corresponding to a frequency domain label, the frequency domain label being used to indicate a frequency domain distance between a pair of resource elements. The resource overhead of wireless sensing and channel state determination can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and more specifically, to an information processing method and apparatus, communication equipment, communication system, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Wireless communication and wireless sensing technologies share significant similarities. Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) combines these two technologies, introducing close cooperation between them to improve spectral efficiency and reduce network deployment costs. Wireless sensing typically requires estimating the distance, orientation (e.g., horizontal and vertical angles), and velocity of the target. In a broader sense, sensing also includes wireless tracking and radio frequency identification (RFID) of the target. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This disclosure provides an information processing method and apparatus, a communication device, a communication system, and a storage medium.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, an information processing method is provided, executed by a first device, the method comprising:

[0005] Receive a first reference signal, wherein the first reference signal occupies at least two resource elements;

[0006] Send first information to the network device, the first information including at least one first coefficient, each first coefficient corresponding to a frequency domain label, the frequency domain label being used to indicate the frequency domain distance between a pair of resource elements.

[0007] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of this disclosure, an information processing method is provided, executed by a network device, the method comprising:

[0008] The first device receives first information sent by a first device. The first information includes at least one first coefficient, each of which corresponds to a frequency domain label. The frequency domain label is used to indicate the frequency domain distance between a pair of resource elements. The first information is determined by the first device by receiving a first reference signal, which occupies at least two of the resource elements.

[0009] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, an information processing method is provided for a communication system, the communication system including a first device and a network device, the method comprising:

[0010] The first device receives a first reference signal, which occupies at least two resource elements;

[0011] The first device sends first information to the network device, the first information including at least one first coefficient, each first coefficient corresponding to a frequency domain label, the frequency domain label being used to indicate the frequency domain distance between a pair of resource elements.

[0012] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a first information processing apparatus is provided, the apparatus comprising:

[0013] The receiving module is configured to receive a first reference signal, wherein the first reference signal occupies at least two resource elements;

[0014] The sending module is configured to send first information to a network device, the first information including at least one first coefficient, each first coefficient corresponding to a frequency domain label, the frequency domain label being used to indicate the frequency domain distance between a pair of resource elements.

[0015] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a second information processing apparatus is provided, the apparatus comprising:

[0016] A receiving module is configured to receive first information sent by a first device. The first information includes at least one first coefficient, each of which corresponds to a frequency domain label. The frequency domain label is used to indicate the frequency domain distance between a pair of resource elements. The first information is determined by the first device by receiving a first reference signal, which occupies at least two of the resource elements.

[0017] According to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, a communication device is provided, comprising:

[0018] One or more processors;

[0019] The processor is used to invoke computer instructions to cause the communication device to execute the information processing method described in the first or second aspect of this disclosure.

[0020] According to a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, a storage medium is provided that stores instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the information processing method described in the first or second aspect of the present disclosure.

[0021] It can effectively reduce the resource overhead of wireless sensing and channel state determination. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments are introduced below. The following drawings are only some embodiments of this disclosure and do not impose specific limitations on the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0023] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 2a This is an interactive schematic diagram of an information processing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 2b This is a schematic diagram illustrating the resource occupancy of a first reference signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 3a This is a schematic flowchart illustrating an information processing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 3b This is a schematic flowchart illustrating an information processing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 3c This is a schematic flowchart illustrating an information processing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 4a This is a schematic flowchart illustrating an information processing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 4b This is a schematic flowchart illustrating an information processing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 4c This is a schematic flowchart illustrating an information processing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 4d This is a schematic flowchart illustrating an information processing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 4e This is a schematic flowchart illustrating an information processing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] Figure 5 This is an interactive schematic diagram of an information processing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating an information processing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0036] Figure 7a This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first information processing device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figure 7b This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second information processing device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] Figure 8a This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0039] Figure 8b This is a schematic diagram of the chip structure provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The resource overhead of the receiver directly reporting the raw received reference signal to the network would be very large, which is not conducive to wireless sensing and wireless communication.

[0041] This disclosure provides an information processing method, apparatus, and storage medium.

[0042] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide an information processing method, executed by a first device, the method comprising:

[0043] Receive a first reference signal, wherein the first reference signal occupies at least two resource elements;

[0044] Send first information to the network device, the first information including at least one first coefficient, each first coefficient corresponding to a frequency domain tag (FDT), the frequency domain tag being used to indicate the frequency domain distance between a pair of resource elements.

[0045] In the above embodiments, by transmitting the first coefficient of the frequency domain label, the receiver can effectively report information for wireless sensing or for determining the downlink channel state without transmitting the original received signal, and can effectively reduce the occupation of spectrum resources when the first reference signal is distributed among multiple resource elements.

[0046] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is used by the network device to determine a sensing metric, or the first information is used by the network device to determine the state information of the downlink channel.

[0047] In the above embodiments, the first information can be used by the network device to determine sensing metrics and downlink channel information, effectively reducing the resource overhead of wireless sensing and channel state determination.

[0048] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first reference signal is a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), and the first information is channel state information (CSI); or,

[0049] The first reference signal is a sensing reference signal, and the first information is sensing information.

[0050] In the above embodiments, the first device can receive CSI-RS and obtain CSI based on the CSI-RS, which enables the network device to determine the state information of the downlink channel based on the CSI. The first device can also receive a sensing reference signal and obtain sensing information based on the sensing reference signal and send it to the network device, so that the network device can determine the sensing metric based on the sensing information.

[0051] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the pair of resource elements indicated by the frequency domain label are resource elements on the same OFDM symbol.

[0052] In the above embodiments, the two resource elements in the resource element pair corresponding to each frequency domain label can be resource elements distributed on the same OFDM symbol. This can effectively ensure that two resource elements on different OFDM symbols are not included in the corresponding frequency domain label, and can ensure that the first coefficient corresponding to each frequency domain label is more accurate, thus ensuring the accuracy of wireless sensing and channel state determination.

[0053] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the at least two resource elements are distributed on at least two subcarriers, and the first set of frequency domain labels consisting of the frequency domain labels corresponding to the at least one first coefficient is a subset of the second set of frequency domain labels, the second set of frequency domain labels being determined based on the set of subcarrier positions of each resource element occupied by the first reference signal.

[0054] In the above embodiments, the frequency domain label set can be determined based on the set of subcarrier positions of resource elements, and the first information can include the first coefficients corresponding to some or all of the frequency domain labels in the second frequency domain label set. This can ensure the integrity of the first information reported by the sensing first device, thereby further improving the accuracy of wireless sensing and channel state determination.

[0055] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first frequency domain label set includes all frequency domain labels in the second frequency domain label set; or,

[0056] The first frequency domain label set includes the N smallest frequency domain labels in the second frequency domain label set; or,

[0057] The first frequency domain label set includes the frequency domain labels corresponding to the longest arithmetic sequence in the second frequency domain label set;

[0058] Where N is a positive integer.

[0059] In the above embodiments, the first frequency domain label set may include all frequency domain labels in the second frequency domain label set, or the smallest N frequency domain labels, or the frequency domain labels corresponding to the longest arithmetic sequence. This allows the first device to report the first coefficients corresponding to all or part of the frequency domain labels, which can ensure the accuracy of wireless sensing or channel state determination while further reducing resource overhead.

[0060] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the at least two resource elements are distributed on at least two subcarriers, and the frequency domain label is determined based on the number of subcarriers between a pair of resource elements.

[0061] In the above embodiments, determining the frequency domain label by the number of subcarriers between resource elements enables the frequency domain label to effectively and conveniently indicate the frequency domain distance between a pair of resource elements.

[0062] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the at least one first coefficient is arranged in a first order.

[0063] In the above embodiments, the first coefficients corresponding to each frequency domain label in the first information are arranged in a specific order and then reported to the network device, which can effectively avoid order confusion and reduce the accuracy of wireless sensing and channel state determination.

[0064] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the network device includes at least one of the following:

[0065] Location management functionality (LMF) network elements, sensing management functionality (SMF) network elements, and base stations.

[0066] In the above embodiments, by sending the first information to the LMF network element, SMF network element or base station, the LMF network element and / or SMF network element can determine the sensing metric based on the first information, and the base station can also determine the downlink channel status information based on the first information.

[0067] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method includes:

[0068] Determine at least one first coefficient sample corresponding to the first frequency domain label;

[0069] Based on the at least one first coefficient sample, the first coefficient corresponding to the first frequency domain label is determined.

[0070] In the above embodiments, the first coefficients corresponding to each frequency domain label can be accurately obtained through the first coefficient samples of each frequency domain label, thereby ensuring the accuracy of wireless sensing and channel state determination.

[0071] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, determining at least one first coefficient sample corresponding to the first frequency domain label includes:

[0072] Based on the channel frequency response (CFR) of the two resource elements in the first resource element pair, a first coefficient sample corresponding to the first resource element pair is determined, wherein the first resource element pair is any pair of resource elements corresponding to the first frequency domain label.

[0073] In the above embodiments, the first coefficient sample corresponding to the resource element pair can be accurately obtained by using the channel frequency domain response of the two resource elements in each resource element pair corresponding to each frequency domain label, which further ensures the accuracy of wireless sensing and channel state determination.

[0074] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the resource element pair corresponding to the first frequency domain label includes at least one of the following:

[0075] A resource element pair consisting of two resource elements distributed on different subcarriers;

[0076] At least two resource element pairs used by different transmit and receive antenna pairs;

[0077] At least two pairs of resource elements used by different transmit and receive antenna port pairs;

[0078] At least two pairs of resource elements distributed across different orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols.

[0079] In the above embodiments, the first coefficients of the channel frequency domain response of resource element pairs of different types corresponding to the first frequency domain label can be determined and used as the first coefficient sample. This ensures the comprehensiveness of the first coefficient sample, thereby making the first coefficients determined based on the first coefficient sample more accurate and effectively ensuring the reliability of wireless sensing and wireless communication.

[0080] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method includes:

[0081] The second coefficient of the at least one first coefficient is determined to be updated, and second information, including the updated second coefficient, is sent to the network device.

[0082] In the above embodiments, when the first coefficient corresponding to any frequency domain label changes, the updated coefficient can be reported in a timely manner, thereby enabling the network device to update the sensing measurement in a timely manner, effectively ensuring the real-time performance and accuracy of wireless sensing and channel state determination. Furthermore, only the updated coefficients can be reported, further saving resource overhead.

[0083] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a wireless sensing method, executed by a network device, the method comprising:

[0084] The first device receives first information sent by a first device. The first information includes at least one first coefficient, each of which corresponds to a frequency domain label. The frequency domain label is used to indicate the frequency domain distance between a pair of resource elements. The first information is determined by the first device by receiving a first reference signal, which occupies at least two of the resource elements.

[0085] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method includes:

[0086] The sensing metric is determined based on the first information, or the downlink channel status information is determined based on the first information.

[0087] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first reference signal is a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), and the first information is Channel State Information (CSI); or,

[0088] The first reference signal is a sensing reference signal, and the first information is sensing information.

[0089] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the pair of resource elements indicated by the frequency domain label are resource elements on the same OFDM symbol.

[0090] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the at least two resource elements are distributed on at least two subcarriers, and the first frequency domain label set consisting of the frequency domain labels corresponding to the at least one first coefficient is a subset of the second frequency domain label set, wherein the second frequency domain label is determined based on the set of subcarrier positions of each resource element occupied by the first reference signal.

[0091] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first frequency domain label set includes all frequency domain labels in the second frequency domain label set; or,

[0092] The first frequency domain label set includes the N smallest frequency domain labels in the second frequency domain label set; or,

[0093] The first frequency domain label set includes the frequency domain labels corresponding to the longest arithmetic sequence in the second frequency domain label set;

[0094] Where N is a positive integer.

[0095] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the at least two resource elements are distributed on at least two subcarriers, and the frequency domain label is determined based on the number of subcarriers between a pair of resource elements.

[0096] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the at least one first coefficient is arranged in a first order.

[0097] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the network device includes at least one of the following:

[0098] Location management function (LMF) network element, perception management function (SMF) network element, and base station.

[0099] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, determining the perception metric based on the first information includes:

[0100] Construct a first matrix based on the first coefficients corresponding to the at least one frequency domain label;

[0101] The perception metric is determined based on the first matrix.

[0102] In the above embodiments, by constructing a first matrix using the first coefficients included in the first information and determining the perceptual metric based on the first matrix, the estimation of the perceptual metric can be reliably achieved, and the accuracy of the perceptual metric can be effectively guaranteed.

[0103] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, determining the perceptual metric based on the first matrix includes:

[0104] Based on the first matrix, the orthonormal basis of the noise subspace is determined as the first orthonormal basis, and / or the orthonormal basis of the signal subspace is determined as the second orthonormal basis;

[0105] The perception metric is obtained by performing spectral estimation based on the first orthonormal basis and / or the second orthonormal basis.

[0106] In the above embodiments, the orthonormal basis of the noise subspace and / or signal subspace is determined based on the first matrix, and spectral estimation is performed based on the obtained orthonormal basis, which can accurately determine the sensing metric and ensure the accuracy of wireless sensing.

[0107] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, determining the orthonormal basis of the noise subspace as a first orthonormal basis based on the first matrix, and / or determining the orthonormal basis of the signal subspace as a second orthonormal basis, includes:

[0108] Perform eigenvalue decomposition (EVD) on the first matrix to obtain the first orthonormal basis and / or the second orthonormal basis.

[0109] In the above embodiments, the orthogonal basis of the noise subspace and / or signal subspace can be accurately obtained through eigenvalue decomposition, which can further ensure the reliability of the estimated sensing metric and ensure the accuracy of wireless sensing.

[0110] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the perception metric is a multiple signal classification (MUSIC) metric.

[0111] In the above embodiments, spectrum estimation can be performed based on the MUSIC algorithm, which can quickly and effectively obtain a sensing metric that can accurately represent the state of the sensing target without the need to develop additional spectrum estimation algorithms. This ensures the accuracy of wireless sensing while also guaranteeing the versatility of the embodiment.

[0112] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the MUSIC metric is expressed as:

[0113] or,

[0114] in, P(m) represents the MUSIC metric with a delay of m sampling points, v(m) represents the scan vector with a delay of m sampling points, and N FFT This represents the number of points in the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). f represents the number of frequency domain labels in the at least one frequency domain label. n This represents the value of the nth frequency domain label in the at least one frequency domain label, where the superscript T denotes the transpose of the matrix, the superscript H denotes the conjugate transpose of the matrix, and U... n Let U be the first orthonormal basis. s This is the second orthonormal basis. It is the size of The identity matrix, where j is the imaginary unit, which is the square root of -1.

[0115] In the above embodiments, the perceptual metric can be accurately represented based on the above expression.

[0116] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first matrix is ​​a Hermitian Toeplitz matrix.

[0117] In the above embodiments, the perception metric can be accurately calculated based on the Hermit Toplitz matrix.

[0118] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method includes:

[0119] The device receives second information sent by the first device, which is sent by the first device after determining that the second coefficient in the at least one first coefficient has been updated, and the second information includes the updated second coefficient.

[0120] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a wireless sensing method, wherein the communication system includes a first device and a network device, and the method includes:

[0121] The first device receives a first reference signal, which occupies at least two resource elements;

[0122] The first device sends first information to the network device, the first information including at least one first coefficient, each first coefficient corresponding to a frequency domain label, the frequency domain label being used to indicate the frequency domain distance between a pair of resource elements.

[0123] Fourthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a first information processing apparatus, the apparatus comprising:

[0124] The receiving module is configured to receive a first reference signal, wherein the first reference signal occupies at least two resource elements;

[0125] The sending module is configured to send first information to a network device, the first information including at least one first coefficient, each first coefficient corresponding to a frequency domain label, the frequency domain label being used to indicate the frequency domain distance between a pair of resource elements.

[0126] Fifthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a second information processing apparatus, the apparatus comprising:

[0127] A receiving module is configured to receive first information sent by a first device. The first information includes at least one first coefficient, each of which corresponds to a frequency domain label. The frequency domain label is used to indicate the frequency domain distance between a pair of resource elements. The first information is determined by the first device by receiving a first reference signal, which occupies at least two of the resource elements.

[0128] Sixthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication device, including:

[0129] One or more processors;

[0130] The processor is used to invoke computer instructions to cause the communication device to execute the wireless sensing methods described in the first and second aspects.

[0131] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the method as described in the optional implementations of the first, second, and third aspects.

[0132] Eighthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a program product that, when executed by a communication device, causes the communication device to perform the method as described in the optional implementations of the first, second, and third aspects.

[0133] In a ninth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods described in the alternative implementations of the first, second, and third aspects.

[0134] In a tenth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication system comprising: a receiver, a transmitter, and a sensing target; wherein the receiver is configured to perform the method described in the optional implementation of the first aspect, the transmitter is configured to perform the method described in the optional implementation of the second aspect, and the sensing target is configured to perform the method described in the optional implementation of the third aspect.

[0135] It is understood that the first information processing device, the second information processing device, the communication equipment, the communication system, the computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program product described above are all used to execute the methods provided in the embodiments of this disclosure. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can be referred to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods, and will not be repeated here.

[0136] This disclosure provides information processing methods, apparatus, and storage media. In some embodiments, the terms "information processing method" and "wireless sensing method" or "communication method" are interchangeable; the terms "information processing apparatus" and "wireless sensing apparatus" or "communication apparatus" are interchangeable; and the terms "communication system" and "wireless sensing system" or "communication system" are interchangeable.

[0137] This disclosure is not exhaustive, but merely illustrative of some embodiments, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure. Unless otherwise specified, each step in a particular embodiment can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be arbitrarily combined. For example, a solution after removing some steps in a particular embodiment can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily interchanged. Furthermore, the optional implementation methods in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined; moreover, the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, for example, some or all steps of different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementation methods of other embodiments.

[0138] In each of the disclosed embodiments, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of the embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. Technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0139] The terminology used in the embodiments of this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0140] In this embodiment of the disclosure, unless otherwise stated, elements expressed in the singular form, such as "a," "an," "the," "the," "the," "the," "the," "the," "this," etc., can mean "one and only one," or "one or more," "at least one," etc. For example, when using articles such as "a," "an," "the," etc. in translation, the noun following the article can be understood as either a singular expression or a plural expression.

[0141] In the embodiments of this disclosure, "multiple" refers to two or more.

[0142] In some embodiments, the terms “at least one of”, “at least one of”, “at least one of”, “one or more”, “a plurality of”, “multiple”, etc., may be used interchangeably.

[0143] In some embodiments, the notation "at least one of A and B", "A and / or B", "A in one case, B in another", "in response to one case A, in response to another case B", etc., may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execute A regardless of B); in some embodiments, B (execute B regardless of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed); in some embodiments, A and B (both A and B are executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0144] In some embodiments, the notation "A or B" may include the following technical solutions, depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execution of A regardless of B); in some embodiments, B (execution of B regardless of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0145] The prefixes "first," "second," etc., used in the embodiments of this disclosure are merely for distinguishing different descriptive objects and do not impose restrictions on the position, order, priority, quantity, or content of the descriptive objects. The description of the descriptive objects is found in the claims or the context of the embodiments, and the use of prefixes should not constitute unnecessary restrictions. For example, if the descriptive object is a "field," the ordinal numbers preceding "field" in "first field" and "second field" do not restrict the position or order of the "fields." "First" and "second" do not restrict whether the "fields" they modify are in the same message, nor do they restrict the order of "first field" and "second field." Similarly, if the descriptive object is a "level," the ordinal numbers preceding "level" in "first level" and "second level" do not restrict the priority between "levels." Furthermore, the number of descriptive objects is not limited by ordinal numbers and can be one or more. For example, in "first device," the number of "devices" can be one or more. Furthermore, the objects modified by different prefixes can be the same or different. For example, if the object being described is "device", then "first device" and "second device" can be the same device or different devices, and their types can be the same or different. Similarly, if the object being described is "information", then "first information" and "second information" can be the same information or different information, and their content can be the same or different.

[0146] In some embodiments, “including A,” “containing A,” “for indicating A,” and “carrying A” can be interpreted as directly carrying A or indirectly indicating A.

[0147] In some embodiments, the terms “in response to…”, “in response to determining…”, “in the case of…”, “when…”, “if…”, “if…”, etc., may be used interchangeably.

[0148] In some embodiments, the terms “greater than”, “greater than or equal to”, “not less than”, “more than”, “more than or equal to”, “not less than”, “higher than”, “higher than or equal to”, “not lower than”, and “above” can be used interchangeably, as can the terms “less than”, “less than or equal to”, “not greater than”, “less than”, “less than or equal to”, “not more than”, “lower than”, “lower than or equal to”, “not higher than”, and “below”.

[0149] In some embodiments, devices, etc., can be interpreted as physical or virtual, and their names are not limited to the names recorded in the embodiments. Terms such as “device”, “equipment”, “circuit”, “network element”, “node”, “function”, “unit”, “section”, “system”, “network”, “chip”, “chip system”, “entity”, and “subject” can be used interchangeably.

[0150] In some embodiments, "network" can be interpreted as devices included in a network (e.g., access network devices, core network devices, etc.).

[0151] In some embodiments, the terms "access network device (AN device)," "radio access network device (RAN device)," "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "node," "access point," "transmission point (TP)," "reception point (RP)," "transmission / reception point (TRP)," "panel," "antenna panel," "antenna array," "cell," "macro cell," "small cell," "femto cell," "pico cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," "component carrier," and "bandwidth part (BWP)" can be used interchangeably.

[0152] In some embodiments, the terms "terminal", "terminal device", "user equipment (UE)", "user terminal", "mobile station (MS)", "mobile terminal (MT)", subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriberstation, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, and client can be used interchangeably.

[0153] In some embodiments, access network devices, core network devices, or network devices can be replaced by terminals. For example, embodiments of this disclosure can also be applied to structures that replace communication between access network devices, core network devices, or network devices and terminals with communication between multiple terminals (e.g., also referred to as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), etc.). In this case, the structure can also be configured such that the terminal has all or part of the functions of the access network device. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" can be replaced with terms corresponding to communication between terminals (e.g., "sidelink"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., can be replaced with sidelink channel, uplink link, downlink link, etc., can be replaced with sidelink link.

[0154] In some embodiments, the terminal may be replaced by an access network device, a core network device, or a network device. In this case, the access network device, core network device, or network device may also be configured to have all or some of the functions of the terminal.

[0155] In some embodiments, the acquisition of data, information, etc., may comply with the laws and regulations of the country where the location is situated.

[0156] In some embodiments, data, information, etc., may be obtained with the user's consent.

[0157] Furthermore, each element, each row, or each column in the table of this disclosure can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and any combination of any element, any row, or any column can also be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0158] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 1 As shown, the communication system 100 includes a first device 101 and a network device 102. In some embodiments, the first device 101 may be a sensing receiver in a sensing system, the first device 101 may also be a user equipment in the communication system, or the first device 101 may be another network device different from the network device 102.

[0159] In some embodiments, network device 102 may include at least one of access network (RAN) equipment and core network equipment.

[0160] In some embodiments, the communication system 100 is, for example, a long term evolution (LTE) system, a 5th generation (5G) mobile communication system, a 5G new radio (NR) system, or other future communication systems, but is not limited thereto.

[0161] In some embodiments, the terminal includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: mobile phone, wearable device, Internet of Things device, car with communication function, smart car, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver function, virtual reality (VR) terminal device, augmented reality (AR) terminal device, wireless terminal device in industrial control, wireless terminal device in self-driving, wireless terminal device in remote medical surgery, wireless terminal device in smart grid, wireless terminal device in transportation safety, wireless terminal device in smart city, and wireless terminal device in smart home.

[0162] In some embodiments, the access network device is, for example, a node or device that connects a terminal to a wireless network. The access network device may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following in a 5G communication system: evolved Node B (eNB), next-generation eNB (ng-eNB), next-generation Node B (gNB), node B (NB), home node B (HNB), home evolved node B (HeNB), wireless backhaul device, radio network controller (RNC), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), base band unit (BBU), mobile switching center, base station in a 6G communication system, open RAN, cloud RAN, base station in other communication systems, and access node in a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system.

[0163] In some embodiments, the technical solutions of this disclosure can be applied to the Open RAN architecture. In this case, the interfaces between or within access network devices involved in the embodiments of this disclosure can be transformed into internal interfaces of Open RAN. The processes and information interactions between these internal interfaces can be implemented by software or programs.

[0164] In some embodiments, the access network device may be composed of a central unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU). The CU may also be called a control unit. The CU-DU structure can separate the protocol layer of the access network device. Some of the protocol layer functions are centrally controlled by the CU, while the remaining part or all of the protocol layer functions are distributed in the DU and centrally controlled by the CU. However, this is not the only possibility.

[0165] In some embodiments, a core network device may be a single device comprising one or more network elements, or it may be multiple devices or a group of devices, each comprising all or part of the aforementioned one or more network elements. Network elements may be virtual or physical. The core network may include, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), or a Next Generation Core (NGC).

[0166] It is understood that the communication system described in this disclosure is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of this disclosure, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in this disclosure. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in this disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0167] The following embodiments of this disclosure can be applied to Figure 1 The communication system 100 shown, or a part thereof, but not limited to it. Figure 1 The entities shown are illustrative; a communication system may include... Figure 1 All or part of the main body, or may include Figure 1 Other entities besides the main body, the number and form of each entity are arbitrary, the connection relationship between the entities is illustrative, the entities may not be connected or may be connected, and the connection can be in any way, it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection, it can be a wired connection or a wireless connection.

[0168] The embodiments disclosed herein can be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G new radio (NR), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Futuregeneration radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, and Ultra-Wideband. Band (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) networks, Device-to-Device (D2D) systems, Machine-to-Machine (M2M) systems, Internet of Things (IoT) systems, Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) systems, systems utilizing other communication methods, and next-generation systems built upon them. Furthermore, multiple systems can be combined (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A with 5G).

[0169] In some embodiments, wireless communication technologies and wireless sensing technologies are highly similar. Because sensing-communication integration can combine wireless communication and wireless sensing, introducing close cooperation between the two, it can improve spectrum efficiency and reduce network deployment costs.

[0170] In some embodiments, wireless sensing requires estimating the distance, orientation (e.g., horizontal and vertical angles), and velocity of the sensed target. Optionally, sensing also includes wireless tracking and radio frequency identification (RFID) of the sensed target.

[0171] In some embodiments, for high-precision sensing, the sensing transmitter may transmit a dedicated reference signal. This reference signal may be referred to as a sensing reference signal. In bistatic mode, the sensing receiver measures the sensing reference signal to estimate the range, angle, and / or velocity of the sensed target. In monostatic mode, the sensing transmitter estimates the range, angle, and / or velocity of the sensed target by measuring the echo of the sensing reference signal.

[0172] In monostatic mode, the sensing transmitter and sensing receiver share a common address, for example, the sensing transmitter and sensing receiver are deployed on the same device. In bistatic mode, the sensing receiver and sensing transmitter do not share a common address, for example, the sensing transmitter and sensing receiver are deployed on different devices, or deployed at different locations on the same device.

[0173] In some embodiments, the results of the sensing receiver's measurement of the sensing reference signal need to be reported to the core network via the LTE positioning protocol (LPP), such as network units like location management or sensing management functions. These network units then perform the fusion of sensing information and the calculation and estimation of final sensing metrics (e.g., distance, angle, and / or speed).

[0174] In some implementations, the sensing receiver directly reports the raw received signal on the resource element of the sensing reference signal, channel state information reference signal, or tracking reference signal, or the raw received signal multiplied by the corresponding reference signal symbol conjugate, to the core network unit such as the LMF or SMF.

[0175] In some possible implementations, in practical wireless sensing and wireless communication scenarios, the aforementioned reference signal may be distributed in multiple dimensions, such as:

[0176] The sensing transmitter or base station uses multiple transmitting antennas to send reference signals;

[0177] The sensing receiver uses multiple receiving antennas to receive reference signals;

[0178] The reference signal occupies multiple time units, such as multiple OFDM symbols;

[0179] The reference signal may even be transmitted over multiple frequency ranges, such as multiple component carriers (CC) or a portion of the bandwidth (BWP).

[0180] Thus, the original received signal from the sensing receiver on the reference signal resource element is a multi-dimensional signal. If it is reported directly to the core network or base station without any processing (including fusion), the reporting overhead will be very high, inevitably consuming a large amount of spectrum resources. Considering the situation where multiple receivers report simultaneously, network congestion may even occur.

[0181] Figure 2a Figure 2 is an interactive schematic diagram illustrating a wireless sensing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 2, this embodiment of the disclosure relates to wireless sensing for a communication system 100, and the method includes:

[0182] In step S2101, the first device 101 receives the first reference signal.

[0183] Optionally, the first reference signal may be transmitted by a sensing transmitter or by network device 102, such as by a base station; this embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit this. Optionally, the first device 101 may also act as a sensing transmitter to transmit the first reference signal. For example, when the sensing transmitter and sensing receiver are co-located, the first device 101 may act as a sensing transmitter to transmit the first reference signal, and the first device 101 may receive the first reference signal it transmits and perform subsequent steps.

[0184] Optionally, the first reference signal is used for wireless sensing, or the first reference signal is used to determine the state information of the downlink channel.

[0185] In some embodiments, the first reference signal is a sensing reference signal. In some embodiments, the first reference signal is CSI-RS.

[0186] In some embodiments, the first reference signal occupies at least two resource elements, which may be time-frequency domain resources. Optionally, the first reference signal includes data transmitted on at least two resource elements. Optionally, the resource elements may be distributed across different OFDM symbols. Optionally, the at least two resource elements occupied by the first reference signal are distributed across at least two subcarriers. Optionally, the subcarriers may be OFDM subcarriers.

[0187] In some embodiments, a resource element (RE) may also be referred to as a resource particle, or any name that can be interchanged with a resource element. This disclosure does not limit the name of the resource element.

[0188] In step S2102, the first device 101 determines the first coefficient sample corresponding to the frequency domain label.

[0189] In some embodiments, the frequency domain label is used to indicate the frequency domain distance between a pair of resource elements. Optionally, the frequency domain label is determined based on the number of subcarriers between a pair of resource elements. Optionally, the frequency domain label is a positive integer. Optionally, the pair of resource elements indicated by the frequency domain label are resource elements on the same OFDM symbol.

[0190] In some embodiments, all or part of the first coefficient samples of at least one frequency domain label can be determined. For example, all or part of the first coefficient samples of each frequency domain label in the second frequency domain label set can be determined, or all or part of the first coefficient samples of some frequency domain labels in the second frequency domain label set can be determined. This disclosure does not limit the number of frequency domain labels and the number of first coefficient samples corresponding to those labels.

[0191] Optionally, the first coefficient sample can be used to calculate the first coefficient. Optionally, the first coefficient sample may also be referred to as the first sub-coefficient, perceptual parameter, normalized correlation parameter, normalized correlation coefficient sample, etc. The name of the first coefficient sample is not limited in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0192] In some embodiments, the first device 101 may determine a first coefficient sample for each frequency domain label in the second frequency domain label set. Optionally, the second frequency domain label set may be determined based on the set of subcarrier positions for each resource element occupied by the first reference signal.

[0193] In some embodiments, the frequency domain labels corresponding to the first coefficient samples determined by the first device 101 may constitute a first frequency domain label set, which may be a subset of a second frequency domain label set. Optionally, the second frequency domain label set may be determined based on the set of subcarrier positions of each resource element occupied by the first reference signal.

[0194] In some embodiments, step S2102 may include the following step: determining a first coefficient sample corresponding to the first resource element pair based on the channel frequency domain response of the two resource elements in the first resource element pair. Optionally, the first coefficient sample corresponding to each frequency domain label may be determined based on the channel frequency domain response of the corresponding resource element pair.

[0195] Optionally, the first resource element pair is any pair of resource elements corresponding to the first frequency domain label. Optionally, the first frequency domain label can be any frequency domain label, for example, any frequency domain label in the second frequency domain label set. Optionally, one first coefficient sample corresponds to one resource element pair.

[0196] Alternatively, it can be a first coefficient sample of a resource element pair determined based on the following formula: Among them, H a With H b These represent the channel frequency domain responses of the two resource elements in the resource element pair. Optionally, a and b can represent the subcarrier positions of the two resource elements, and the absolute value of the difference between a and b is equal to the first frequency domain label.

[0197] In some embodiments, a frequency domain label may correspond to multiple resource element pairs. Accordingly, the first coefficient sample corresponding to each resource element pair may be determined based on the channel frequency domain response of the multiple resource element pairs.

[0198] Optionally, the multiple resource element pairs corresponding to a frequency domain label may include resource element pairs distributed across different OFDM symbols. Two resource elements in any resource element pair corresponding to a frequency domain label may be distributed across the same OFDM symbol, but these two resource elements may be distributed across different subcarriers, used by different transmit / receive antenna pairs, or used by different transmit / receive antenna ports.

[0199] In some embodiments, the resource element pair corresponding to the first frequency domain label includes at least one of the following:

[0200] A resource element pair consisting of two resource elements distributed on different subcarriers;

[0201] At least two resource element pairs used by different transmit and receive antenna pairs;

[0202] At least two pairs of resource elements used by different transmit and receive antenna port pairs;

[0203] At least two pairs of resource elements distributed across different OFDM symbols.

[0204] In some embodiments, the resource elements in each of the at least two resource element pairs used by different transmit / receive antenna pairs, at least two resource element pairs used by different transmit / receive antenna port pairs, and at least two resource element pairs distributed on different subcarriers can be evenly distributed on different subcarriers.

[0205] Optionally, a resource element pair consisting of two resource elements distributed on different subcarriers may include at least one of the following: at least two resource element pairs used by different transmit / receive antenna pairs; at least two resource element pairs used by different transmit / receive antenna port pairs; or at least two resource element pairs distributed on different OFDM symbols.

[0206] It is understandable that the specific first coefficients included in the first coefficient sample corresponding to the first frequency domain label can be determined based on the actual situation. For example, if the same transmit and receive antenna pair is used to transmit the first reference signal, then there are no different transmit and receive antenna pairs corresponding to the first frequency domain label, that is, the first coefficients of the channel frequency domain response corresponding to different transmit and receive antenna pairs corresponding to the first frequency domain label are not included.

[0207] In conjunction with the optional implementation methods provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, refer to Figure 2b The diagram shows the resource occupancy of the first reference signal. The horizontal axis represents frequency, each rectangular cell represents a resource element, and all resource elements are distributed within the same OFDM symbol. The black-filled cells represent the resource elements occupied by the transmission of the first reference signal, such as... Figure 2b As shown, the resource elements of the first reference signal are distributed on the 8th, 12th, 16th, 20th, 24th, and 28th subcarriers, and correspondingly, the set of subcarrier positions of the resource elements.

[0208] Reference Figure 2b The diagram illustrates the resource occupancy of the first reference signal. All resource elements of the first reference signal can be evenly distributed within the same OFDM symbol, and only one pair of transmit / receive antennas or one pair of transmit / receive antenna ports are used. Optionally, based on Figure 2b The resource occupancy diagram shown corresponds to a resource element pair for a frequency domain label, which consists of only two resource elements distributed on different subcarriers.

[0209] Furthermore, the second frequency domain label set can be determined based on the following formula. That is, the second frequency domain label set can be obtained based on the set of subcarrier positions of each resource element occupied by the first reference signal. For example, the set can be determined in step S2102. At least one first coefficient sample corresponding to at least one frequency domain label. For example, at least one first coefficient sample corresponding to a frequency domain label of 4 can be obtained: And at least one of the following first coefficient samples corresponding to a frequency domain label of 8: Corresponding to at least one of the following first coefficient samples with a frequency domain label of 12: Corresponding to at least one of the following first coefficient samples with a frequency domain label of 16: Corresponding to at least one of the following first coefficient samples with a frequency domain label of 20:

[0210] It is worth noting that, for ease of understanding, Figure 2bThe frequency domain resources of the first reference signal shown are uniformly comb-shaped, but the embodiments of this disclosure can be applied to situations where the first reference signal is arbitrarily distributed in the frequency domain (including non-uniform distribution).

[0211] Understandable, Figure 2b The resource occupancy of the first reference signal shown is limited to a single pair of antenna transmit / receive pairs, or a pair of transmit / receive antenna ports, and occupies only a portion of the frequency domain resources within an OFDM symbol. In some embodiments, the first reference signal can also be transmitted through multiple pairs of transmit / receive antennas or multiple pairs of transmit / receive antenna ports, or the first reference signal can be transmitted using frequency domain resources from multiple OFDM symbols.

[0212] In step S2103, the first device 101 determines the first coefficient corresponding to the frequency domain label based on the first coefficient sample, and obtains the first information.

[0213] In some embodiments, each first coefficient corresponds to a frequency domain label. Optionally, the first information includes at least one first coefficient. Optionally, the amplitude of each first coefficient is less than or equal to 1. Optionally, the first device 101 can determine the first coefficient corresponding to at least one frequency domain label. In some embodiments, step S2103 can determine the first coefficient corresponding to each frequency domain label in the second frequency domain label set, or the first coefficient corresponding to one or more frequency domain labels.

[0214] In some embodiments, the first device 101 determines that the frequency domain labels corresponding to at least one first coefficient obtained, i.e., at least one first coefficient included in the first information, constitute a first frequency domain label set. Optionally, the first frequency domain label set may be a subset of a second frequency domain label set. Optionally, the second frequency domain label set may be determined based on the set of subcarrier positions of each resource element occupied by the first reference signal.

[0215] In some embodiments, the first frequency domain label set includes all frequency domain labels in the second frequency domain label set. Optionally, the first frequency domain label set includes the N smallest frequency domain labels in the second frequency domain label set, where N is a positive integer. Optionally, the first frequency domain label set includes the frequency domain labels corresponding to the longest arithmetic sequence in the second frequency domain label set.

[0216] In some embodiments, the value of N can be configured by the network device 102. For example, the value of N can be configured by the base station for the first device 101 via RRC signaling. In some embodiments, the value of N can be predefined by the protocol, or it can be sent by an upper layer. This disclosure does not limit the specific value of N.

[0217] by Figure 2bTaking the resource occupancy diagram of the first reference signal as an example, the first frequency domain label set can be the same as the second frequency domain label set; or, taking N=3 as an example, the first frequency domain label set can only include the three frequency domain labels 4, 8, and 12.

[0218] In another example, if the second frequency domain label set includes five frequency domain labels: 4, 8, 12, 16, and 18, and the longest arithmetic sequence is {4, 8, 12, 16}, then the first frequency domain label set can include only four frequency domain labels: 4, 8, 12, and 16.

[0219] In some embodiments, the first coefficient may be a "normalized correlation coefficient" or a "frequency domain label coefficient", etc. The name of the first coefficient is not limited in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0220] Optionally, the first information may include first coefficients corresponding to at least one frequency domain label, or the first information may be first coefficients corresponding to at least one frequency domain label. Optionally, the first information may include first coefficients corresponding to each frequency domain label. Optionally, the first information may include first coefficients corresponding to all or some of the frequency domain labels in the second frequency domain label set.

[0221] In some embodiments, the first information is used by the network device 102 to determine a sensed metric, or the first information is used by the network device 102 to determine downlink channel state information. For example, the first information may be sensed information used to determine a sensed metric, or the first information may be channel state information used to determine the downlink channel state.

[0222] In some embodiments, the first coefficients included in the first information are information that can be used for wireless sensing or determining the state information of the downlink channel. For example, the first coefficients in the first information can be used to estimate timing, distance and direction, etc., and the first information can also be used to determine the state information of the downlink channel.

[0223] In some embodiments, the specific type of the first information may depend on the type of reference signal received. Optionally, the first reference signal is a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), and the first information is Channel State Information (CSI). Optionally, the first reference signal is a Sensing Reference Signal, and the first information is Sensing Information.

[0224] In some embodiments, the name of the first information is not limited, and it may be, for example, "first coefficient set", "sensing information", "channel state information", etc.

[0225] In some embodiments, the first coefficients corresponding to at least one frequency domain label included in the first information may be arranged in a specific sequence. For example, they may be arranged in ascending or descending order according to the size of the frequency domain labels. For instance, if the first information includes first coefficients corresponding to frequency domain labels 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20, then the first information may include a sequence of first coefficients arranged in ascending order according to the size of the frequency domain labels.

[0226] In some embodiments, the first coefficient corresponding to a frequency domain label can be obtained by calculating the statistical average of the first coefficient samples corresponding to that frequency domain label. In other embodiments, the first coefficient can also be calculated based on the first coefficient samples in other ways, such as calculating the statistical average after weighting the various first coefficient samples. This disclosure does not limit this approach.

[0227] For example, refer to Figure 2b The diagram shown illustrates the frequency domain resource occupancy of the first reference signal. The first information may include, for example, a second frequency domain tag set. The first coefficients corresponding to one or more frequency domain labels. For example, the first information may include a set At this point, the first frequency domain label set, consisting of the frequency domain labels corresponding to the first coefficients included in the first information, includes all frequency domain labels in the second frequency domain label set. Optionally, this set... The elements are arranged in ascending order according to the size of their frequency domain labels.

[0228] Among them, set It can include, in sequence, the first coefficient corresponding to the frequency domain label 4. The first coefficient corresponding to the frequency domain label 8 The first coefficient corresponding to the frequency domain label 12 The first coefficient corresponding to the frequency domain label 16 The first coefficient corresponding to the frequency domain label 20

[0229] Step S2104: The first device 101 sends the first information.

[0230] Optionally, the first information in step S2104 can be obtained based on steps S2102 to S2103, or it can be obtained based on other methods, such as being determined by the first device 101 based on a protocol, or being sent by an upper layer. This embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit this. In some embodiments, the first information can be determined based on a first reference signal. Optionally, the first information can be directly determined by the channel frequency domain response of each resource element occupied by the transmission of the first reference signal. Optionally, when the first information is determined by the first device 101 based on a protocol or sent by an upper layer, the above steps S2102 to S2103 can be omitted or replaced.

[0231] In some embodiments, the first device 101 sends the first information to the network device 102, or the first device 101 broadcasts the first information, or the first device 101 sends the first information to other entities. This disclosure does not limit the scope of the embodiments.

[0232] In some embodiments, network device 102 includes at least one of the following: an LMF network element, an SMF network element, and a base station. Optionally, the LMF and SMF network elements can be used for wireless sensing, for example, to determine sensing metrics. Optionally, the base station can be used to determine downlink channel state information.

[0233] Optionally, first information is sent to the LMF network element. Optionally, first information is sent to the SMF network element. Optionally, first information is sent to both the LMF and SMF network elements. Optionally, first information is sent to the base station. Optionally, first information is sent to the base station, and the base station then forwards the first information to the LMF and / or SMF network elements.

[0234] In some embodiments, the type of network device 102 to which the first information is sent can be determined based on the type of the first information. Optionally, the first information is sent to the base station and to LMF network elements and / or SMF network elements. The first information sent to the base station and the first information sent to the LMF network elements and / or SMF network elements can be different types of information. For example, the first information sent to the base station can be first information used to determine downlink channel state information, and the first information sent to the LMF network elements and / or SMF network elements can be first information used to determine sensing metrics.

[0235] For example, if the first information is channel state information or time-domain channel characteristics, the first device 101 can send the first information to the base station. If the first information is sensing information, it can be sent to the LMF network element and / or the SMF network element.

[0236] In some embodiments, network device 102 receives first information. Optionally, LMF network element receives the first information. Optionally, SMF network element receives the first information. Optionally, both LMF and SMF network elements receive the first information. Optionally, base station receives the first information. Optionally, base station receives the first information and sends the first information to LMF network element and / or SMF network element.

[0237] In step S2105, network device 102 constructs a first matrix based on the first information.

[0238] Optionally, the first matrix can be a Hermitian Toeplitz matrix. Alternatively, the first matrix can also be any matrix that can be used by the network device 102 to determine the sensing metric; for example, the first matrix can also be a Toeplitz matrix or a circulant matrix. Specifically, it can be a first matrix constructed based on the first coefficients corresponding to at least one frequency domain label in the first information.

[0239] Reference Figure 2b The example shown could be the following matrix:

[0240]

[0241] It is understood that if the first frequency domain label set, which consists of frequency domain labels corresponding to at least one first coefficient included in the first information, only includes some frequency domain labels in the second frequency domain label set, then the network device 102 can construct a first matrix based on the first coefficients corresponding to each frequency domain label in the first frequency domain label set.

[0242] For example, if the second frequency domain label set includes five frequency domain labels: 4, 8, 12, 16, and 18, where the longest arithmetic sequence is {4, 8, 12, 16}, then the first frequency domain label set can include only four frequency domain labels: 4, 8, 12, and 16. Accordingly, based on the first information corresponding to this first frequency domain label set, the following matrix can be constructed, and subsequent steps can be performed based on this matrix:

[0243] In step S2106, network device 102 obtains a first orthonormal basis and / or a second orthonormal basis based on the first matrix.

[0244] In some embodiments, the network device 102 may perform eigenvalue decomposition (EVD) on the first matrix to obtain a first orthonormal basis and / or a second orthonormal basis. Optionally, the first orthonormal basis is an orthonormal basis for the noise subspace. Optionally, the second orthonormal basis is an orthonormal basis for the signal subspace.

[0245] In some embodiments, the eigenvalue decomposition of the first matrix to obtain a first orthonormal basis and / or a second orthonormal basis can be expressed as: Among them, U n U is the first orthonormal basis. s For the second orthonormal basis, Λ s Λ represents the eigenvalues ​​corresponding to the basis vectors in the signal subspace. n These are the eigenvalues ​​corresponding to the basis vectors of the noise subspace.

[0246] In other embodiments, the first orthonormal basis and / or the second orthonormal basis can also be obtained based on the first matrix in other ways. For example, the first orthonormal basis and / or the second orthonormal basis can be calculated by the Schmidt orthogonalization method. This disclosure does not limit this method.

[0247] In step S2107, network device 102 performs spectral estimation based on the first orthogonal basis and / or the second orthogonal basis to obtain the perception metric.

[0248] Alternatively, MUSIC (multiple signal classification) spectrum estimation can be performed based on a first orthonormal basis and / or a second orthonormal basis, or ESPRIT (estimating signal parameters via rational invariant technique), etc.

[0249] For example, taking MUSIC spectrum estimation as an example, the resulting perception metric can be expressed as follows: or,

[0250] Optionally, P(m) represents the MUSIC metric with a delay of m sampling points, v(m) represents the scan vector with a delay of m sampling points, and N FFT This represents the number of points in the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). f represents the number of frequency domain labels in at least one frequency domain label. n This represents the value of the nth frequency domain label in at least one frequency domain label, where the superscript T denotes the transpose of the matrix, the superscript H denotes the conjugate transpose of the matrix, and U... n U is the first orthonormal basis. s It is the second orthonormal basis. It is the size of The identity matrix, where j is the imaginary unit, which is the square root of -1.

[0251] Optionally, m can be any positive integer. For example, if m = 3, then the MUSIC metric with a delay of 3 sampling points can be determined based on m.

[0252] Optionally, if the first information includes the first coefficient of each frequency domain label in the frequency domain label set, It can represent the number of elements in the frequency domain label set, that is, the number of frequency domain labels.

[0253] In other embodiments, the perceptual metric of MUSIC spectrum estimation may also be expressed in other forms, which are not limited in this disclosure.

[0254] In some embodiments, the sensing metric can be used to indicate information such as the Doppler frequency, direction of motion, and / or velocity of the sensing target.

[0255] In some embodiments, the sensing metric may include a sensing spectrum estimate or a spectrum estimation component. Optionally, the sensing metric value may also be referred to as a sensing spectrum estimate or a sensing spectrum estimation component.

[0256] In step S2108, network device 102 determines the status information of the downlink channel based on the first information.

[0257] In some embodiments, network device 102, such as a base station, can determine or use time-domain precoding information based on the first coefficients corresponding to each frequency domain label included in the first information. Optionally, network device 102 can further compensate for downlink transmission through time-domain precoding to achieve more accurate signal transmission.

[0258] In some embodiments, network device 102 may also combine other information to determine the state information of the downlink channel. For example, network device 102 may also determine the state information of the downlink channel based on the first information and in combination with its own stored information.

[0259] In step S2109, the first device 101 sends the second information.

[0260] Optionally, the second information in step S2109 may be determined by the first device 101 itself, or it may be obtained based on other methods, such as being determined by the first device 101 based on a protocol, or being sent by an upper layer. This embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit this.

[0261] In some embodiments, the second information is used by the network device 102 to determine a sense metric, or by the network device 102 to determine downlink channel state information. Optionally, the second information is used to indicate an update of a second coefficient among at least one first coefficient included in the first information. Optionally, the second information may be an updated second coefficient, or the second information may include an updated second coefficient. The second coefficient may be any one of the at least one first coefficient.

[0262] In some embodiments, the second information may be determined based on a second reference signal. Optionally, the second information may be determined directly by the channel frequency domain response of each resource element occupied by the transmission of the second reference signal. Optionally, the second reference signal may be a reference signal received by the first device 101 after receiving the first reference signal.

[0263] In some embodiments, the specific type of the second information may depend on the type of the received new second reference signal. Optionally, the new reference signal is a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), and the second information is Channel State Information (CSI). Optionally, the new reference signal is a Sensing Reference Signal, and the second information is Sensing Information.

[0264] In some embodiments, the name of the second information is not limited, and it may be, for example, "update coefficient set", "update information", "sensing update information", "channel state update information", "sensing information", "channel state information", etc.

[0265] In some embodiments, the first device 101 sends second information to the network device 102. Optionally, the second information is sent to an LMF network element. Optionally, the second information is sent to an SMF network element. Optionally, the second information is sent to both the LMF and SMF network elements. Optionally, the second information is sent to a base station. Optionally, the second information is sent to the base station, and the base station then transmits the second information to the LMF and / or SMF network elements.

[0266] In some embodiments, the type of network device 102 to which the second information is sent can be determined based on the type of the second information. Optionally, the second information is sent to the base station and LMF network elements and / or SMF network elements. The first information sent to the base station and the second information sent to the LMF network elements and / or SMF network elements can be different types of information. For example, the second information sent to the base station can be second information used to determine downlink channel state information, and the second information sent to the LMF network elements and / or SMF network elements can be second information used to determine sensing metrics.

[0267] In some embodiments, network device 102 receives second information sent by first device 101. Optionally, the second information is sent by the first device upon determining that a second coefficient in at least one of the first coefficients has been updated. Optionally, the second information includes the updated second coefficient.

[0268] In some embodiments, the first device 101 sends second information in response to an update of a second coefficient among at least one first coefficient included in the first information. In some embodiments, the first device 101 sends second information when it determines that a second coefficient among at least one first coefficient included in the first information has been updated. In some embodiments, the first device 101 sends second information when it determines that a second coefficient among at least one first coefficient included in the first information has been updated.

[0269] For example, if the first device 101 receives a new reference signal, it can determine at least one updated first coefficient corresponding to a frequency domain label based on the reference signal. If there is a different first coefficient among the updated first coefficients corresponding to the same frequency domain label as in the first information, the second information can be sent. Optionally, the optional implementation of determining the updated first coefficients can refer to the optional implementations of steps S2102 to S2103 above. For example, when the first device 101 receives a new reference signal, it can determine an updated first coefficient sample based on the reference signal, determine the first coefficients corresponding to each frequency domain label based on the first coefficient sample, and compare them with the first coefficients before receiving the new reference signal to determine whether there is a second coefficient to send.

[0270] In some embodiments, the second coefficient may include a plurality of first coefficients. Optionally, the first device 101 determines that a plurality of first coefficients among at least one first coefficient included in the first information have been updated, and sends the second information. Optionally, the second information may include a plurality of updated first coefficients.

[0271] In other embodiments, the second information may further include a first coefficient corresponding to each frequency domain label in at least one frequency domain label included in the first information. Optionally, the second information may further include a first coefficient corresponding to each frequency domain label in a second set of frequency domain labels or a first set of frequency domain labels.

[0272] Optionally, the optional methods for determining the second information and the updated first coefficient can refer to the optional implementation methods of steps S2102 and S2103 above, and Figure 2a Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0273] In step S2110, network device 102 determines the perception metric based on the second information and / or the first information.

[0274] In some embodiments, if the second information only includes the first coefficient corresponding to the second frequency domain label, the network device 102 can determine the sensing metric based on the first coefficient included in the second information and in combination with the first coefficient included in the first information. Optionally, if the second information includes the first coefficient corresponding to each frequency domain label in at least one of the frequency domain labels included in the first information, the network device 102 can directly determine the sensing metric based on the second information without the participation of the first coefficient included in the first information.

[0275] In some embodiments, optional implementations of step S2110 can refer to the optional implementations of steps S2105 to S2107 described above, and will not be repeated here. For example, the first coefficients corresponding to the second frequency domain labels in the first matrix can be replaced with the updated first coefficients corresponding to the second frequency domain labels included in the second information, and the perceptual metric can be determined based on the replaced first matrix, but this is not limited to this.

[0276] In step S2111, network device 102 determines the status information of the downlink channel based on the second information and / or the first information.

[0277] In some embodiments, if the second information only includes the first coefficient corresponding to the second frequency domain label, the network device 102 can determine the sensing metric or the downlink channel status information based on the first coefficient included in the second information and in combination with the first coefficient included in the first information. Optionally, if the second information includes the first coefficient corresponding to each of the at least one frequency domain label included in the first information, the network device 102 can directly determine the sensing metric or the downlink channel status information based on the second information, without the participation of the first coefficient included in the first information.

[0278] Optionally, the alternative implementation of step S2111 can refer to the alternative implementation of step S2108 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0279] In some embodiments, steps S2109 to S2111 may be executed after step S2104 has been completed.

[0280] In some embodiments, steps S2109 to S2111 described above may be executed only if the first device 101 determines that a first coefficient has been updated. If no first coefficient is updated, steps S2109 to S2111 described above can be omitted.

[0281] In some embodiments, after receiving a reference signal and determining the first coefficients corresponding to each frequency domain label based on the reference signal, the first device 101 can determine whether it has sent the first coefficients corresponding to each frequency domain label to the network device 102. If the first device 101 has not sent them to the network device 102, the above step S2104 can be executed. If the first device 101 has sent them to the network device 102, it can determine whether the first coefficients corresponding to each frequency domain label have been updated. If there are updated first coefficients, the above step S2109 can be executed so that the network device 102 can execute the above steps S2110 or S2111.

[0282] In some embodiments, the names of information, etc., are not limited to the names described in the embodiments. Terms such as "information", "message", "signal", "signaling", "report", "configuration", "indication", "instruction", "command", "channel", "parameter", "domain", "field", "symbol", "symbol", "codebook", "codeword", "codepoint", "bit", "data", "program", and "chip" can be used interchangeably.

[0283] In some embodiments, the terms "codebook," "codeword," and "precoding matrix" can be used interchangeably. For example, a codebook can be a collection of one or more codewords / precoding matrices.

[0284] In some embodiments, terms such as “uplink”, “uplink”, and “physical uplink” can be used interchangeably, as can terms such as “downlink”, “downlink”, and “physical downlink”, and terms such as “sidelink”, “sidelink”, “sidelink communication”, “sidelink communication”, “direct connection”, “direct link”, “direct communication”, and “direct link communication”.

[0285] In some embodiments, the terms “downlink control information (DCI),” “downlink (DL) assignment,” “DL DCI,” “uplink (UL) grant,” and “UL DCI” can be used interchangeably.

[0286] In some embodiments, terms such as "physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH)" and "DL data" can be used interchangeably, as can terms such as "physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)" and "UL data".

[0287] In some embodiments, the terms “radio”, “wireless”, “radioaccess network (RAN)”, “access network (AN)”, and “RAN-based” can be used interchangeably.

[0288] In some embodiments, the terms "search space", "search spaceset", "search space configuration", "search spaceset configuration", "control resource set (CORESET)", and "CORESET configuration" can be used interchangeably.

[0289] In some embodiments, the terms "synchronization signal (SS)," "synchronization signal block (SSB)," "reference signal (RS)," "pilot," and "pilot signal" can be used interchangeably.

[0290] In some embodiments, terms such as “moment,” “point in time,” “time,” and “time location” can be used interchangeably, as can terms such as “duration,” “segment,” “time window,” “window,” and “time.”

[0291] In some embodiments, the terms "component carrier (CC)," "cell," "frequency carrier," and "carrier frequency" can be used interchangeably.

[0292] In some embodiments, the terms “resource block (RB)”, “physical resource block (PRB)”, “sub-carrier group (SCG)”, “resource element group (REG)”, “PRB pair”, “RB pair”, “resource element (RE)”, “sub-carrier”, and “resource element” can be used interchangeably.

[0293] In some embodiments, terms such as wireless access scheme and waveform can be used interchangeably.

[0294] In some embodiments, the terms "precoding", "precoder", "weight", "precoding weight", "quasi-co-location (QCL)", "transmission configuration indication (TCI) status", "spatial relation", "spatial domain filter", "transmission power", "phase rotation", "antenna port", "antenna port group", "layer", "the number of layers", "rank", "resource", "resource set", "resource group", "beam", "beam width", "beam angular degree", "antenna", "antenna element", and "panel" can be used interchangeably.

[0295] In some embodiments, the terms “frame”, “radio frame”, “subframe”, “slot”, “sub-slot”, “mini-slot”, “symbol”, “symbol”, and “transmission time interval (TTI)” can be used interchangeably.

[0296] In some embodiments, “get,” “obtain,” “receive,” “transmit,” “bidirectional transmission,” and “send and / or receive” can be used interchangeably and can be interpreted as receiving from other entities, obtaining from protocols, obtaining from higher layers, obtaining through self-processing, or autonomous implementation, among other meanings.

[0297] In some embodiments, terms such as “send,” “transmit,” “report,” “distribute,” “transmit,” “bidirectional transmission,” “send and / or receive” can be used interchangeably.

[0298] In some embodiments, terms such as "certain," "preset," "default," "set," "indicated," "a certain," "any," and "first" can be used interchangeably. "Certain A," "preset A," "default A," "set A," "indicated A," "a certain A," "any A," and "first A" can be interpreted as A pre-defined in a protocol or the like, or as A obtained through setting, configuration, or instruction, or as specific A, a certain A, any A, or first A, but are not limited thereto.

[0299] In some embodiments, the determination or judgment can be made by a value represented by 1 bit (0 or 1), or by a true or false value (boolean), or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., a comparison with a predetermined value), but is not limited thereto.

[0300] In some embodiments, "not expecting to receive" can be interpreted as not receiving on time domain resources and / or frequency domain resources, or as not performing subsequent processing on the data after receiving it; "not expecting to send" can be interpreted as not sending, or as sending but not expecting the receiver to respond to the sent content.

[0301] The wireless sensing method disclosed herein may include at least one of steps S2101 to S2107. For example, step S2103 may be implemented as a separate embodiment, step S2104 may be implemented as a separate embodiment, step S2105 may be implemented as a separate embodiment, steps S2101 to S2104 may be implemented as separate embodiments, and steps S2105 to S2107 may be implemented as separate embodiments, but are not limited thereto.

[0302] In some embodiments, steps S2101 to S2103 and steps S2105 to S2107 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0303] In some embodiments, steps S2102, S2103, and steps S2105 to S2107 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0304] In some embodiments, steps S2105 to S2107 and step S2108 may be performed selectively. In some embodiments, steps S2110 and S2111 may be performed selectively. In some embodiments, the executing entity of steps S2105 to S2107 and step S2110 may be, for example, an LMF network element and / or an SMF network element, and the executing entity of steps S2108 and S2111 may be, for example, a base station in a communication system.

[0305] In some embodiments, the execution of steps S2105 to S2107, or step S2108, may be determined based on the type of the first information. Optionally, the type of the first information may be determined based on the type of the first reference signal. In some embodiments, steps S2110 and S2111 may be determined based on the type of the second information. Optionally, the type of the second information may be determined based on the second reference signal.

[0306] Figure 3a This is an interactive schematic diagram illustrating a wireless sensing method according to an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 3a As shown, this embodiment of the disclosure relates to wireless sensing, which is performed by a first device 101. The method includes:

[0307] Step S3101: Obtain the first reference signal.

[0308] For optional implementations of step S3101, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Optional implementation methods of step S2101, and Figure 2a Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0309] In some embodiments, the first device 101 receives a first reference signal transmitted by a sensing transmitter, but is not limited thereto, and may also receive a first reference signal transmitted by another entity.

[0310] Step S3102: Determine the first coefficient sample corresponding to the frequency domain label.

[0311] In some embodiments, all first coefficient samples corresponding to each frequency domain label are determined.

[0312] For optional implementations of step S3102, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Optional implementation methods of step S2102, and Figure 2a Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0313] Step S3103: Based on the first coefficient sample, determine the first coefficient corresponding to the frequency domain label to obtain the first information.

[0314] In some embodiments, the first coefficient corresponding to each frequency domain label is determined based on all first coefficient samples corresponding to each frequency domain label. Optionally, the first information includes the first coefficient corresponding to each frequency domain label.

[0315] For optional implementations of step S3103, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Optional implementation methods of step S2103, and Figure 2a Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0316] Step S3104: Send the first message.

[0317] For optional implementations of step S3104, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Optional implementation methods of step S2104, and Figure 2a Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0318] In some embodiments, the first device 101 sends first information to the network device 102, but is not limited thereto; it may also send first information to other entities.

[0319] Step S3105: Send the second message.

[0320] For optional implementations of step S3104, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Optional implementation methods of step S2109, and Figure 2a Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0321] The wireless sensing method disclosed in this embodiment may include at least one of steps S3101 to S3104. For example, step S3102 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, step S3104 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, step S3105 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, steps S3102 to S3104 may be implemented as standalone embodiments, and steps S3102 to S3103 may be implemented as standalone embodiments, but are not limited thereto.

[0322] In some embodiments, steps S3101 to S3103 and step S3105 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0323] In some embodiments, steps S3101 to S3104 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0324] Figure 3b This is an interactive schematic diagram illustrating a wireless sensing method according to embodiments of this disclosure. For example... Figure 3b As shown, this embodiment of the disclosure relates to wireless sensing, which is performed by a first device 101. The method includes:

[0325] Step S3201: Obtain the first reference signal.

[0326] For optional implementations of step S3201, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Step S2101 Figure 3a Optional implementation methods of step S3101, and Figure 2a , Figure 3a Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0327] Step S3202: Determine the first information.

[0328] For optional implementations of step S3201, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Steps S2102, S2103 Figure 3a Optional implementation methods for steps S3102 and S3103, and Figure 2a , Figure 3a Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0329] In some embodiments, the first information may be determined based on a first reference signal. Optionally, the first information may be determined directly by the channel frequency domain response of each resource element occupied by the transmission of the first reference signal.

[0330] In some embodiments, the first information may be determined based on a first coefficient sample corresponding to each frequency domain label. Optionally, the first coefficient sample may be determined based on the channel frequency domain response of the corresponding resource element pair.

[0331] Step S3203: Send the first message.

[0332] For optional implementations of step S3203, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Step S2104 Figure 3a Optional implementation methods of step S3104, and Figure 2a , Figure 3a Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0333] The wireless sensing method disclosed herein may include at least one of steps S3201 to S3203. For example, step S3202 may be implemented as a separate embodiment, step S3203 may be implemented as a separate embodiment, steps S3201 and S3203 may be implemented as separate embodiments, and steps S3201 to S3202 may be implemented as separate embodiments, but are not limited thereto.

[0334] In some embodiments, steps S3201 to S3202 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0335] In some embodiments, steps S3201 and S3203 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0336] In this embodiment of the disclosure, step S3202 can be combined with... Figure 3a Step S3101 is combined with steps S3104 and S3105, and step S3203 can be combined with... Figure 3a Steps S3101 to S3103 and S3105 are combined, and step S3202 can also be combined with... Figure 2a The middle step S2101 is combined with steps S2105 to S2107.

[0337] Figure 3c This is an interactive schematic diagram illustrating a wireless sensing method according to embodiments of this disclosure. For example... Figure 3c As shown, this embodiment of the disclosure relates to wireless sensing, which is performed by a first device 101. The method includes:

[0338] Step S3301: Obtain the first reference signal.

[0339] For optional implementations of step S3301, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2aStep S2101 Figure 3a Step S3101 Figure 3b Optional implementation methods of step S3201, and Figure 2a , Figure 3a , Figure 3b Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0340] Step S3302: Send the first message.

[0341] For optional implementations of step S3302, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Step S2104 Figure 3a Step S3104 Figure 3b Optional implementation methods of step S3203, and Figure 2a , Figure 3a , Figure 3b Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0342] In some embodiments, the first information may be determined by the first device 101. Optionally, the first information may be determined based on a first reference signal. Optionally, it may be determined based on the channel frequency domain response of at least two resource elements occupied by the transmission of the first reference signal.

[0343] For example, the first information is obtained by determining the first coefficient corresponding to the frequency domain label. Optionally, the first information may include at least one first coefficient corresponding to a frequency domain label, for example, including the first coefficient corresponding to each frequency domain label. Optionally, the first coefficient may be determined based on the corresponding first coefficient sample. Optionally, the first coefficient sample may be determined based on the channel frequency domain response of the corresponding resource element pair.

[0344] In some embodiments, the first information may be defined by a protocol, or the first information may be obtained by the first device 101 from a higher layer(s). Optionally, the first information may also be determined and sent to the first device 101 by other entities, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0345] In some embodiments, the first information is used by the network device to determine a sense metric, or the first information is used by the network device to determine the state information of the downlink channel.

[0346] In some embodiments, the first reference signal is a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), and the first information is Channel State Information (CSI); or...

[0347] The first reference signal is the sensing reference signal, and the first information is the sensing information.

[0348] In some embodiments, the pair of resource elements indicated by the frequency domain label are resource elements on the same OFDM symbol.

[0349] In some embodiments, at least two resource elements are distributed on at least two subcarriers, and a first set of frequency domain labels consisting of frequency domain labels corresponding to at least one first coefficient is a subset of a second set of frequency domain labels, wherein the second set of frequency domain labels is determined based on the set of subcarrier positions of each resource element occupied by the first reference signal.

[0350] In some embodiments, the first frequency domain label set includes all frequency domain labels in the second frequency domain label set; or...

[0351] The first frequency domain label set includes the N smallest frequency domain labels in the second frequency domain label set; or,

[0352] The first frequency domain label set includes the frequency domain labels corresponding to the longest arithmetic sequence in the second frequency domain label set.

[0353] In some embodiments, at least two resource elements are distributed on at least two subcarriers, and the frequency domain label is determined based on the number of subcarriers between a pair of resource elements.

[0354] In some embodiments, at least one first coefficient is arranged in a first order.

[0355] In some embodiments, the network device includes at least one of the following:

[0356] Location management function (LMF) network element, perception management function (SMF) network element, and base station.

[0357] In some embodiments, the method includes:

[0358] Determine all or part of the first coefficient samples corresponding to the first frequency domain label, with each first coefficient sample corresponding to a resource element corresponding to the first frequency domain label;

[0359] Based on all or part of the first coefficient samples, determine the first coefficient corresponding to the first frequency domain label.

[0360] In some embodiments, determining all or part of the first coefficient samples corresponding to the first frequency domain label includes:

[0361] Based on the channel frequency domain response of the two resource elements in the first resource element pair, determine the first coefficient sample corresponding to the first resource element pair, where the first resource element pair is any one of the resource element pairs corresponding to the first frequency domain label.

[0362] In some embodiments, the resource element pair corresponding to the first frequency domain label includes at least one of the following:

[0363] A resource element pair consisting of two resource elements distributed on different subcarriers;

[0364] At least two resource element pairs used by different transmit and receive antenna pairs;

[0365] At least two pairs of resource elements used by different transmit and receive antenna port pairs;

[0366] At least two pairs of resource elements distributed across different orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols.

[0367] In some embodiments, the method includes:

[0368] Determine that the second coefficient of at least one of the first coefficients is updated, and send second information to the network device, the second information including the updated second coefficient.

[0369] The wireless sensing method disclosed herein may include at least one of steps S3301 to S3302. For example, step S3301 may be implemented as a separate embodiment, and step S3302 may be implemented as a separate embodiment.

[0370] In some embodiments, step S3301 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0371] In this embodiment of the disclosure, step S3302 can be combined with... Figure 3a Steps S3101 to S3103 and S3105 are combined, and step S3302 can be combined with... Figure 3a Steps S3101 and S3105 are combined, and step S3302 can be combined with... Figure 3b Steps S3201 and S3202 can be combined, and step S3302 can also be combined with... Figure 2a The middle step S2101 is combined with steps S2105 to S2107.

[0372] Figure 4a This is an interactive schematic diagram illustrating a wireless sensing method according to embodiments of this disclosure. For example... Figure 4a As shown, this disclosure relates to wireless sensing, performed by network device 102, and the method includes:

[0373] Step S4101: Obtain the first information.

[0374] For optional implementations of step S4101, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Step S2104 Figure 3a Step S3104 Figure 3b Step S3203 Figure 3c Optional implementation methods of step S3302, and Figure 2a, Figure 3a , Figure 3b , Figure 3c Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0375] In some embodiments, network device 102 receives first information sent by first device 101, but is not limited thereto; it may also receive first information sent by other entities. Optionally, the first information may be determined by first device 101 based on a received first reference signal.

[0376] In some embodiments, network device 102 obtains first information as defined by a protocol.

[0377] In some embodiments, network device 102 obtains first information from a higher layer.

[0378] In some embodiments, network device 102 processes the information to obtain the second information.

[0379] Optionally, the first device 101 sends the first information.

[0380] Step S4102: Construct a first matrix based on the first information.

[0381] For optional implementations of step S4102, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Optional implementation methods of step S2105, and Figure 2a , Figure 3a , Figure 3b , Figure 3c Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0382] Step S4103: Obtain the first orthonormal basis and / or the second orthonormal basis based on the first matrix.

[0383] For optional implementations of step S4103, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Optional implementation methods of step S2106, and Figure 2a , Figure 3a , Figure 3b , Figure 3c Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described again here.

[0384] Step S4104: Perform spectral estimation based on the first orthonormal basis and / or the second orthonormal basis to obtain the perception metric.

[0385] For optional implementations of step S4104, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Optional implementation methods of step S2107, and Figure 2a , Figure 3a , Figure 3b , Figure 3cOther related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described again here.

[0386] Step S4105: Determine the status information of the downlink channel based on the first information.

[0387] For optional implementations of step S4105, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Optional implementation methods of step S2108, and Figure 2a , Figure 3a , Figure 3b , Figure 3c Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described again here.

[0388] Step S4106: Receive the second information.

[0389] For optional implementations of step S4106, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Optional implementation methods of step S2109, and Figure 2a , Figure 3a , Figure 3b , Figure 3c Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described again here.

[0390] Step S4107: Determine the perceptual metric based on the second information and / or the first information.

[0391] For optional implementations of step S4107, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Optional implementations of step S2110, steps S2105 to S2107, and Figure 2a , Figure 3a , Figure 3b , Figure 3c Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described again here.

[0392] Step S4108: Determine the status information of the downlink channel based on the second information and / or the first information.

[0393] For optional implementations of step S4108, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Optional implementation methods of step S2111, and Figure 2a , Figure 3a , Figure 3b , Figure 3c Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described again here.

[0394] The wireless sensing method disclosed in this embodiment may include at least one of steps S4101 to S4108. For example, step S4101 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, step S4102 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, step S4106 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, steps S4102 to S4104 may be implemented as standalone embodiments, and steps S4105 to S4106 may be implemented as standalone embodiments, but is not limited thereto.

[0395] In some embodiments, steps S4101 to S4104 and step S4106 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0396] In some embodiments, steps S4102 to S4106 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0397] In some embodiments, steps S4101 and S4103 to S4104 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0398] In some embodiments, steps S4102 to S4104 and step S4105 may be selectively assumed. In some embodiments, steps S4102 to S4104 and step S4107, and steps S4105 and S4108 may be selectively performed.

[0399] Figure 4b This is an interactive schematic diagram illustrating a wireless sensing method according to embodiments of this disclosure. For example... Figure 4b As shown, this disclosure relates to wireless sensing, performed by network device 102, and the method includes:

[0400] Step S4201: Obtain the first information.

[0401] For optional implementations of step S4201, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Step S2104 Figure 3a Step S3104 Figure 3b Step S3203 Figure 3c Step S3302 Figure 4a Optional implementation methods of step S4101, and Figure 2a , Figure 3a , Figure 3b , Figure 3c , Figure 4a Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described again here.

[0402] Step S4202: Construct the first matrix based on the first information.

[0403] For optional implementations of step S4202, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Step S2105 Figure 4a Optional implementation methods of step S4102, and Figure 2a , Figure 3a , Figure 3b , Figure 3c , Figure 4a Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described again here.

[0404] Step S4203: Determine the perceptual metric based on the first matrix.

[0405] For optional implementations of step S4203, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Steps S2106 and S2107 Figure 4a Optional implementation methods for steps S4103 and S4104, and Figure 2a , Figure 3a , Figure 3b , Figure 3c , Figure 4a Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described again here.

[0406] In some embodiments, the perceptual metric can be determined directly based on the first matrix without determining the orthonormal basis. Optionally, the network device 102 can estimate some perceptual metrics without determining the first and / or second orthonormal basis, and can directly determine the perceptual metric based on the first matrix. For example, the network device 102 can differentiate the first matrix to determine the perceptual metric. This disclosure does not limit this approach.

[0407] The wireless sensing method disclosed in this embodiment may include at least one of steps S4201 to S4203. For example, step S4201 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, step S4202 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, step S4203 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, steps S4202 to S4203 may be implemented as standalone embodiments, and steps S4201 to S4202 may be implemented as standalone embodiments, but is not limited thereto.

[0408] In some embodiments, steps S4202 to S4203 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0409] In some embodiments, steps S4201 and S4202 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0410] In this embodiment of the disclosure, step S4203 can be combined with... Figure 4a Steps S4101 and S4102 are combined, and steps S4201 to S4203 can be combined with... Figure 4a Steps S4106 to S4107 can be combined, and steps S4201 to S4203 can also be combined with... Figure 4a The combination of steps S4106 and S4108.

[0411] Figure 4c This is an interactive schematic diagram illustrating a wireless sensing method according to embodiments of this disclosure. For example... Figure 4c As shown, this disclosure relates to wireless sensing, performed by network device 102, and the method includes:

[0412] Step S4301: Obtain the first information.

[0413] For optional implementations of step S4301, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Step S2104 Figure 3a Step S3104 Figure 3b Step S3203 Figure 3c Step S3302 Figure 4a Step S4101 Figure 4b Optional implementation methods of step S4201, and Figure 2a , Figure 3a , Figure 3b , Figure 3c , Figure 4a , Figure 4b Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0414] In some embodiments, the first information may be sensing information. Optionally, the sensing information may be determined by the first device 101 based on a sensing reference signal.

[0415] Step S4302: Determine the perception metric based on the first information.

[0416] For optional implementations of step S4302, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Steps S2105 to S2107 Figure 4a Steps S4102 to S4103 Figure 4b Optional implementation methods for steps S4201 and S4202, and Figure 2a , Figure 3a , Figure 3b , Figure 3c , Figure 4a , Figure 4b Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0417] In some embodiments, the sensing metric can be estimated directly based on the first coefficients corresponding to at least one frequency domain label included in the first information. Optionally, the orthonormal basis of the signal subspace and the noise subspace can be determined based on the magnitude of the first coefficients corresponding to each frequency domain label, and the sensing metric can be determined based on the orthonormal basis of the signal subspace and the noise subspace. In this case, it is not necessary to construct the first matrix based on the first information.

[0418] The wireless sensing method disclosed herein may include at least one of steps S4301 to S4302. For example, step S4301 may be implemented as a separate embodiment, and step S4302 may be implemented as a separate embodiment.

[0419] In some embodiments, step S4301 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0420] In some embodiments, step S4302 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0421] In this embodiment of the disclosure, steps S4301 to S4302 can be combined with... Figure 4a Steps S4106 to S4107 can be combined, and steps S4301 to S4302 can also be combined with... Figure 4a The steps S4106 and S4108 are combined.

[0422] Figure 4d This is an interactive schematic diagram illustrating a wireless sensing method according to embodiments of this disclosure. For example... Figure 4d As shown, this disclosure relates to wireless sensing, performed by network device 102, and the method includes:

[0423] Step S4401: Obtain the first information.

[0424] For optional implementations of step S4401, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Step S2104 Figure 3a Step S3104 Figure 3b Step S3203 Figure 3c Step S3302 Figure 4a Step S4101 Figure 4b Step S4201 Figure 4c Optional implementation methods of step S4301, and Figure 2a , Figure 3a , Figure 3b , Figure 3c , Figure 4a , Figure 4b , Figure 4c Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0425] Step S4402: Determine the status information of the downlink channel based on the first information.

[0426] For optional implementations of step S4402, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Steps S2105 to S2107 Figure 4a Steps S4102 to S4103 Figure 4b Optional implementation methods for steps S4201 and S4202, and Figure 2a , Figure 3a , Figure 3b , Figure 3c , Figure 4a , Figure 4b , Figure 4c Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0427] In some embodiments, the first information may be CSI. Optionally, the CSI may be determined by the first device 101 based on CSI-RS.

[0428] The wireless sensing method disclosed herein may include at least one of steps S4401 to S4402. For example, step S4401 may be implemented as a separate embodiment, and step S4402 may be implemented as a separate embodiment.

[0429] In some embodiments, step S4401 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0430] In some embodiments, step S4402 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0431] In this embodiment of the disclosure, steps S4401 to S4402 can be combined with... Figure 4a Steps S4106 to S4107 can be combined, and steps S4401 to S4402 can also be combined with... Figure 4a The steps S4106 and S4108 are combined.

[0432] Figure 4e This is an interactive schematic diagram illustrating a wireless sensing method according to embodiments of this disclosure. For example... Figure 4d As shown, this disclosure relates to wireless sensing, performed by network device 102, and the method includes:

[0433] Step S4501: Obtain the first information.

[0434] For optional implementations of step S4401, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Step S2104 Figure 3a Step S3104 Figure 3b Step S3203 Figure 3c Step S3302 Figure 4a Step S4101 Figure 4b Step S4201 Figure 4c Step S4301 Figure 4d Optional implementation methods of step S4401, and Figure 2a , Figure 3a , Figure 3b , Figure 3c , Figure 4a , Figure 4b , Figure 4c , Figure 4d Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0435] In some embodiments, the method includes:

[0436] The sensing metric is determined based on the first information, or the state information of the downlink channel is determined based on the first information.

[0437] In some embodiments, the first reference signal is a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), and the first information is Channel State Information (CSI); or...

[0438] The first reference signal is the sensing reference signal, and the first information is the sensing information.

[0439] In some embodiments, the pair of resource elements indicated by the frequency domain label are resource elements on the same OFDM symbol.

[0440] In some embodiments, at least two resource elements are distributed on at least two subcarriers, and a first set of frequency domain labels consisting of frequency domain labels corresponding to at least one first coefficient is a subset of a second set of frequency domain labels, wherein the second set of frequency domain labels is determined based on the set of subcarrier positions of each resource element occupied by the first reference signal.

[0441] In some embodiments, the first frequency domain label set includes all frequency domain labels in the second frequency domain label set; or...

[0442] The first frequency domain label set includes the N smallest frequency domain labels in the second frequency domain label set; or,

[0443] The first frequency domain label set includes the frequency domain labels corresponding to the longest arithmetic sequence in the second frequency domain label set.

[0444] In some embodiments, at least two resource elements are distributed on at least two subcarriers, and the frequency domain label is determined based on the number of subcarriers between a pair of resource elements.

[0445] In some embodiments, at least one first coefficient is arranged in a first order.

[0446] In some embodiments, the network device includes at least one of the following:

[0447] Location management function (LMF) network element, perception management function (SMF) network element, and base station.

[0448] In some embodiments, determining a perception metric based on first information includes:

[0449] Construct a first matrix based on the first coefficients corresponding to at least one frequency domain label;

[0450] The perception metric is determined based on the first matrix.

[0451] In some embodiments, determining the perception metric based on the first matrix includes:

[0452] Based on the first matrix, the orthonormal basis of the noise subspace is determined as the first orthonormal basis, and / or the orthonormal basis of the signal subspace is determined as the second orthonormal basis;

[0453] The perception metric is obtained by performing spectral estimation based on the first orthonormal basis and / or the second orthonormal basis.

[0454] In some embodiments, determining the orthonormal basis of the noise subspace as a first orthonormal basis based on the first matrix, and / or determining the orthonormal basis of the signal subspace as a second orthonormal basis, includes:

[0455] Perform eigenvalue decomposition on the first matrix to obtain the first orthonormal basis and / or the second orthonormal basis.

[0456] In some embodiments, the perception metric is a multiple signal classification (MUSIC) metric.

[0457] In some embodiments, the MUSIC metric is represented as:

[0458] or,

[0459] in, P(m) represents the MUSIC metric with a delay of m sampling points, v(m) represents the scan vector with a delay of m sampling points, and N FFT This represents the number of points in the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). f represents the number of frequency domain labels in at least one frequency domain label. nThis represents the value of the nth frequency domain label in at least one frequency domain label, where the superscript T denotes the transpose of the matrix, the superscript H denotes the conjugate transpose of the matrix, and U... n U is the first orthonormal basis. s It is the second orthonormal basis. It is the size of The identity matrix, where j is the imaginary unit, which is the square root of -1.

[0460] In some embodiments, the first matrix is ​​an Hermit Toplitz matrix.

[0461] In some embodiments, the method includes:

[0462] The device receives second information sent by the first device, which is sent by the first device after determining that the second coefficient of at least one of the first coefficients has been updated. The second information includes the updated second coefficient.

[0463] In this embodiment of the disclosure, step S4501 can be combined with... Figure 4c Step S4302 can be combined with step S4501. Figure 4d The steps S4402 are combined, but not limited to.

[0464] Figure 5 This is an interactive schematic diagram illustrating a wireless sensing method according to embodiments of this disclosure. For example... Figure 5 As shown, this disclosure relates to wireless sensing for a communication system 100, and the method includes:

[0465] In step S5101, the first device 101 receives the first reference signal.

[0466] For optional implementations of step S5101, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2a Step S2101 Figure 3a Step S3101 Figure 3b Step S3202 Figure 3c Optional implementation methods of step S3301, and Figure 2a , Figure 3a , Figure 3b , Figure 3c , Figure 4a , Figure 4b , Figure 4c , Figure 4d Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0467] Step S5102, the first device 101 sends the first information.

[0468] Optional implementations of step S5102 can be found in [reference]. Figure 2a Step S2104 Figure 3aStep S3104 Figure 3b Step S3203 Figure 3c Step S3302 Figure 4a Step S4101 Figure 4b Step S4201 Figure 4c Step S4301 Figure 4d Optional implementation methods of step S4401, and Figure 2a , Figure 3a , Figure 3b , Figure 3c , Figure 4a , Figure 4b , Figure 4c , Figure 4d , Figure 4e Other related parts in the embodiments involved will not be described in detail here.

[0469] Figure 6 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a wireless sensing method according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 6 As shown, embodiments of this disclosure relate to a wireless sensing method, which includes:

[0470] In step S6101, the sensing receiver reports the first coefficient corresponding to each frequency domain label to the network device.

[0471] Alternatively, the network device may be a network unit (such as LMF, SMF, etc.) used for perception computing and management in the core network.

[0472] The frequency domain tag (FDT) is a positive integer used to describe the frequency domain distance between a pair of sensing reference signal resource elements.

[0473] Without loss of generality, the subcarrier positions of the sensing reference signal are denoted as the set. Then the sensing receiver can be based on the set Calculate the frequency domain label set

[0474] The sensing receiver calculates a first frequency domain channel coefficient for each frequency domain label, denoted as the set.

[0475] in, For subcarriers Up-channel frequency response (CFR) The mathematical expectation operator represents the statistical average of the first coefficient samples of multiple frequency domain channels corresponding to the same frequency domain label.

[0476] The multiple frequency domain channel first coefficient samples corresponding to the same frequency domain label include at least one of the following cases:

[0477] The first coefficient of the frequency domain channel corresponding to multiple pairs of subcarriers with the same frequency domain label;

[0478] The first frequency domain channel coefficients corresponding to different transmit / receive antenna pairs or antenna port pairs with the same frequency domain label;

[0479] The first coefficient of the frequency domain channel corresponding to the sensing reference signal transmitted at different time units;

[0480] To avoid confusion about the order, the first coefficient of the frequency domain channel (i.e., the set) The elements in the data should be reported in an ordered (sequential) manner. For example, they can be arranged in ascending or descending order according to their corresponding frequency domain labels.

[0481] In step S6102, based on the first coefficients corresponding to each frequency domain label reported by the sensing receiver, the network device calculates and estimates the sensing metric.

[0482] Optionally, perception metrics may include, for example, timing and distance.

[0483] Based on the reported first coefficient of the frequency domain channel, that is The Hermitian Toeplitz matrix R of the network units (such as LMF, SMF, etc.) used for perception computing and management in the core network is constructed as follows:

[0484]

[0485] in, The number of elements in the set.

[0486] Assuming that network units used for perception computing and management (such as LMF, SMF, etc.) employ a multiple signal classification (MUSIC) spectral estimation algorithm, then correspondingly, the orthogonal basis U of the noise subspace... n It can be obtained by performing eigenvalue decomposition (EVD) on matrix R, that is:

[0487] Among them, U s and U n These are the orthonormal bases for the signal subspace and the noise subspace, respectively, Λ s and Λ n These are the corresponding eigenvalues.

[0488] Then, the network units used for perception computing and management (such as LMF, SMF, etc.) can perform spectrum estimation. Taking MUSIC spectrum estimation as an example, its MUSIC metric can be expressed as:

[0489]

[0490] in, For a scan vector corresponding to a time delay of m sampling points, N FFT This represents the number of points in the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) corresponding to the OFDM system.

[0491] It is understood that the above methods mainly involve the reporting of sensing data, and in some embodiments, they can be extended to the reporting of channel state information (CSI).

[0492] Optionally, in the sensing system, the sensing receiver receives and measures the sensing reference signal transmitted by the sensing transmitter, and reports the sensing information, such as initial information, to network devices such as LMF or SMF. The network devices then calculate the sensing metric based on this information.

[0493] In a communication system, user equipment or terminals receive and measure the CSI-RS transmitted by the base station, and report the CSI to the base station. The base station then calculates the downlink channel state information, such as time-domain precoding information, based on this data.

[0494] In some embodiments, the specific correspondence between the communication system and the sensing system can be as follows:

[0495] Optionally, the sensing transmitter in the sensing system can be equivalent to a base station in the communication system;

[0496] Optionally, the sensing receiver in the sensing system can be equivalent to the user equipment in the communication system;

[0497] Optionally, the sensing reference signal in the sensing system can be equivalent to the CSI-RS or the tracking reference signal TRS in the communication system;

[0498] Optionally, in a sensing system, the sensing receiver reporting sensing information to network devices such as LMF or SMF is equivalent to in a communication system, the user equipment reporting CSI to the base station.

[0499] In the embodiments disclosed herein, some or all of the steps and their optional implementations may be arbitrarily combined with some or all of the steps in other embodiments, or may be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementations in other embodiments.

[0500] This disclosure also provides apparatus for implementing any of the above methods. For example, an apparatus is provided that includes units for implementing the steps performed by the terminal in any of the above methods. Alternatively, another apparatus is provided that includes units for implementing the steps performed by network devices (e.g., receivers, transmitters, sensing targets, access network devices, core network functional nodes, core network devices, etc.) in any of the above methods.

[0501] It should be understood that the division of the units in the above device is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into a single physical entity, or they can be physically separated. Furthermore, the units in the device can be implemented by a processor calling software: for example, the device includes a processor connected to a memory containing computer instructions. The processor calls the computer instructions stored in the memory to implement any of the above methods or to implement the functions of the units in the above device. The processor can be, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory can be internal or external to the device. Alternatively, the units in the device can be implemented as hardware circuits. The functionality of some or all units can be achieved through the design of these hardware circuits, which can be understood as one or more processors. For example, in one implementation, the hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The functionality of some or all of the units is achieved through the design of the logical relationships between the components within the circuit. In another implementation, the hardware circuit can be implemented using a programmable logic device (PLD). Taking a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) as an example, it can include a large number of logic gates. The connection relationships between these logic gates are configured through a configuration file, thereby achieving the functionality of some or all of the units. All units of the above device can be implemented entirely through processor-invoked software, entirely through hardware circuits, or partially through processor-invoked software with the remaining parts implemented through hardware circuits.

[0502] In this embodiment, the processor is a circuit with signal processing capabilities. In one implementation, the processor can be a circuit with instruction read and execute capabilities, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a type of microprocessor), or a digital signal processor (DSP). In another implementation, the processor can implement certain functions through the logical relationships of hardware circuits. The logical relationships of the aforementioned hardware circuits are fixed or reconfigurable. For example, the processor is a hardware circuit implemented using an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD), such as an FPGA. In a reconfigurable hardware circuit, the process of the processor loading a configuration document and configuring the hardware circuit can be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the functions of some or all of the above units. Furthermore, it can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as a type of ASIC, such as a neural network processing unit (NPU), a tensor processing unit (TPU), or a deep learning processing unit (DPU).

[0503] Figure 7a This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first information processing device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 7a As shown, the first information processing device 7100 includes:

[0504] The receiving module 7101 is configured to receive a first reference signal, wherein the first reference signal occupies at least two resource elements;

[0505] The sending module 7102 is configured to send first information to a network device, the first information including at least one first coefficient, each first coefficient corresponding to a frequency domain label, the frequency domain label being used to indicate the frequency domain distance between a pair of resource elements.

[0506] Optionally, the receiving module 7101 is used to perform the steps related to receiving the first reference signal performed by the first device in any of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here. Optionally, the transmitting module 7102 is used to perform the steps related to transmitting the first information performed by the first device in any of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here. Optionally, the first information processing device 7100 further includes a determining module, which is used to perform the steps related to determining information performed by the first device in any of the above methods, such as determining the first information and the second information, which will not be described in detail here.

[0507] Figure 7b This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second information processing device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 7b As shown, the second information processing device 7200 includes:

[0508] The receiving module 7201 is configured to receive first information transmitted by a first device. The first information includes at least one first coefficient, each first coefficient corresponding to a frequency domain label. The frequency domain label indicates the frequency domain distance between a pair of resource elements. The first information is determined by the first device by receiving a first reference signal, which occupies at least two of the resource elements. Optionally, the receiving module 7201 is used to perform the information reception-related steps performed by the network device in any of the above methods, which will not be elaborated further here. The second information processing device 7200 further includes a transmitting module and / or a processing module. The processing module is used to perform the information processing-related steps performed by the network device in any of the above methods, and the transmitting module is used to perform the information transmission-related steps performed by the network device in any of the above methods, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0509] Figure 8a This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device 8100 proposed in this embodiment. The communication device 8100 can be a network device (e.g., access network device, core network device, etc.), a terminal (e.g., user equipment, etc.), a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the network device in implementing any of the above methods, or a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the terminal in implementing any of the above methods. The communication device 8100 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments; for details, please refer to the descriptions in the above method embodiments.

[0510] like Figure 8aAs shown, the communication device 8100 includes one or more processors 8101. The processor 8101 can be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, such as a baseband processor or a central processing unit (CPU). The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data, while the CPU can be used to control communication devices (e.g., base stations, baseband chips, terminal devices, terminal device chips, DUs or CUs, etc.), execute programs, and process program data. The processor 8101 is used to invoke instructions to cause the communication device 8100 to execute any of the above methods.

[0511] In some embodiments, the communication device 8100 further includes one or more memories 8102 for storing instructions. Optionally, all or part of the memories 8102 may also be located outside the communication device 8100.

[0512] In some embodiments, the communication device 8100 further includes one or more transceivers 8103. When the communication device 8100 includes one or more transceivers 8103, the communication steps such as sending and receiving in the above method are performed by the transceivers 8103, and other steps are performed by the processor 8101.

[0513] In some embodiments, a transceiver may include a receiver and a transmitter, which may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the terms transceiver, transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, etc., may be used interchangeably; the terms transmitter, transmitting unit, transmitter, transmitting circuit, etc., may be used interchangeably; and the terms receiver, receiving unit, receiver, receiving circuit, etc., may be used interchangeably.

[0514] Optionally, the communication device 8100 further includes one or more interface circuits 8104, which are connected to the memory 8102. The interface circuits 8104 can be used to receive signals from the memory 8102 or other devices, and can be used to send signals to the memory 8102 or other devices. For example, the interface circuits 8104 can read instructions stored in the memory 8102 and send the instructions to the processor 8101.

[0515] The communication device 8100 described in the above embodiments may be a network device or a terminal, but the scope of the communication device 8100 described in this disclosure is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device 8100 may vary. Figure 8aThe limitations. The communication device can be a standalone device or part of a larger device. For example, the communication device can be: (1) a standalone integrated circuit IC, or chip, or chip system or subsystem; (2) a collection of one or more ICs, optionally including storage components for storing data and programs; (3) an ASIC, such as a modem; (4) a module that can be embedded in other devices; (5) a receiver, terminal device, smart terminal device, cellular phone, wireless device, handheld device, mobile unit, vehicle device, network device, cloud device, artificial intelligence device, etc.; (6) others, etc.

[0516] Figure 8b This is a schematic diagram of the structure of chip 8200 according to an embodiment of this disclosure. For cases where the communication device 8100 can be a chip or a chip system, please refer to the schematic diagram of the structure of chip 8200 shown in Figure 8B, but it is not limited thereto.

[0517] Chip 8200 includes one or more processors 8201, which are used to invoke instructions to cause chip 8200 to perform any of the above methods.

[0518] In some embodiments, chip 8200 further includes one or more interface circuits 8202 connected to memory 8203. Interface circuits 8202 can be used to receive signals from memory 8203 or other devices, and can also be used to send signals to memory 8203 or other devices. For example, interface circuit 8202 can read instructions stored in memory 8203 and send those instructions to processor 8201. Optionally, terms such as interface circuit, interface, transceiver pin, and transceiver can be used interchangeably.

[0519] In some embodiments, chip 8200 further includes one or more memories 8203 for storing instructions. Optionally, all or part of the memories 8203 may be located outside of chip 8200.

[0520] This disclosure also proposes a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a communication device 8100, cause the communication device 8100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the storage medium is an electronic storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a storage medium readable by other devices. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a temporary storage medium.

[0521] This disclosure also provides a program product that, when executed by the communication device 8100, causes the communication device 8100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the program product is a computer program product.

[0522] This disclosure also proposes a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the above methods.

Claims

1. An information processing method, characterized in that, Performed by a first device, the method includes: Receive a first reference signal, wherein the first reference signal occupies at least two resource elements; Send first information to the network device, the first information including at least one first coefficient, each first coefficient corresponding to a frequency domain label, the frequency domain label being used to indicate the frequency domain distance between a pair of resource elements; The method includes: Determine all or part of the first coefficient samples corresponding to the first frequency domain label, each of the first coefficient samples corresponding to a resource element corresponding to the first frequency domain label; Based on all or part of the first coefficient samples, determine the first coefficient corresponding to the first frequency domain label.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first information is used by the network device to determine the sensing metric, or the first information is used by the network device to determine the state information of the downlink channel.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first reference signal is a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), and the first information is Channel State Information (CSI); or, The first reference signal is a sensing reference signal, and the first information is sensing information.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pair of resource elements indicated by the frequency domain label are resource elements on the same OFDM symbol.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The at least two resource elements are distributed on at least two subcarriers, and the first frequency domain label set, which is composed of the frequency domain labels corresponding to the at least one first coefficient, is a subset of the second frequency domain label set. The second frequency domain label is determined based on the set of subcarrier positions of each resource element occupied by the first reference signal.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first frequency domain label set includes all frequency domain labels in the second frequency domain label set; or, The first frequency domain label set includes the N smallest frequency domain labels in the second frequency domain label set; or, The first frequency domain label set includes the frequency domain labels corresponding to the longest arithmetic sequence in the second frequency domain label set; Where N is a positive integer.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The at least two resource elements are distributed on at least two subcarriers, and the frequency domain label is determined based on the number of subcarriers between a pair of resource elements.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The at least one first coefficient is arranged in a first order.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The network device includes at least one of the following: Location management function (LMF) network element, perception management function (SMF) network element, and base station.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining all or part of the first coefficient samples corresponding to the first frequency domain label includes: Based on the channel frequency domain response of the two resource elements in the first resource element pair, a first coefficient sample corresponding to the first resource element pair is determined, wherein the first resource element pair is any one of the resource element pairs corresponding to the first frequency domain label.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The resource element pairs corresponding to the first frequency domain label include at least one of the following: A resource element pair consisting of two resource elements distributed on different subcarriers; At least two resource element pairs used by different transmit and receive antenna pairs; At least two pairs of resource elements used by different transmit and receive antenna port pairs; At least two pairs of resource elements distributed across different orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols.

12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method includes: The second coefficient of the at least one first coefficient is determined to be updated, and second information, including the updated second coefficient, is sent to the network device.

13. An information processing method, characterized in that, Performed by a network device, the method includes: The device receives first information sent by a first device. The first information includes at least one first coefficient, each first coefficient corresponding to a frequency domain label. The frequency domain label is used to indicate the frequency domain distance between a pair of resource elements. The first information is determined by the first device by receiving a first reference signal, which occupies at least two of the resource elements. The first coefficient corresponding to the first frequency domain label is determined based on part or all of the first coefficient sample, and each first coefficient sample corresponds to a resource element corresponding to the first frequency domain label.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The method includes: The sensing metric is determined based on the first information, or the downlink channel status information is determined based on the first information.

15. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first reference signal is a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), and the first information is Channel State Information (CSI); or, The first reference signal is a sensing reference signal, and the first information is sensing information.

16. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The pair of resource elements indicated by the frequency domain label are resource elements on the same OFDM symbol.

17. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The at least two resource elements are distributed on at least two subcarriers, and the first frequency domain label set, which is composed of the frequency domain labels corresponding to the at least one first coefficient, is a subset of the second frequency domain label set. The second frequency domain label is determined based on the set of subcarrier positions of each resource element occupied by the first reference signal.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The first frequency domain label set includes all frequency domain labels in the second frequency domain label set; or, The first frequency domain label set includes the N smallest frequency domain labels in the second frequency domain label set; or, The first frequency domain label set includes the frequency domain labels corresponding to the longest arithmetic sequence in the second frequency domain label set; Where N is a positive integer.

19. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The at least two resource elements are distributed on at least two subcarriers, and the frequency domain label is determined based on the number of subcarriers between a pair of resource elements.

20. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The at least one first coefficient is arranged in a first order.

21. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The network device includes at least one of the following: Location management function (LMF) network element, perception management function (SMF) network element, and base station.

22. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The step of determining the perception metric based on the first information includes: Construct a first matrix based on the first coefficients corresponding to the at least one frequency domain label; The perception metric is determined based on the first matrix.

23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that, The step of determining the perception metric based on the first matrix includes: Based on the first matrix, the orthonormal basis of the noise subspace is determined as the first orthonormal basis, and / or the orthonormal basis of the signal subspace is determined as the second orthonormal basis; The perception metric is obtained by performing spectral estimation based on the first orthonormal basis and / or the second orthonormal basis.

24. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that, The step of determining the orthonormal basis of the noise subspace as a first orthonormal basis and / or the orthonormal basis of the signal subspace as a second orthonormal basis based on the first matrix includes: The first matrix is ​​subjected to eigenvalue decomposition to obtain the first orthonormal basis and / or the second orthonormal basis.

25. The method according to any one of claims 22-24, characterized in that, The perception metric is a Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) metric.

26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that, The MUSIC metric is expressed as follows: ;or, ; in, P(m) represents the MUSIC metric with a delay of m sampling points, and v(m) represents the scan vector with a delay of m sampling points. This represents the number of points in the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). This indicates the number of frequency domain labels in the at least one frequency domain label. This represents the value of the nth frequency domain label in the at least one frequency domain label, where the superscript T denotes the transpose of the matrix and the superscript H denotes the conjugate transpose of the matrix. This forms the first orthonormal basis. This is the second orthonormal basis. It is the size of The identity matrix, where j is the imaginary unit, which is the square root of -1.

27. The method according to any one of claims 22-24, characterized in that, The first matrix is ​​the Emmett Toplitz matrix.

28. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The method includes: The device receives second information sent by the first device, which is sent by the first device after determining that the second coefficient in the at least one first coefficient has been updated, and the second information includes the updated second coefficient.

29. An information processing method, characterized in that, For a communication system, the communication system including a first device and a network device, the method includes: The first device receives a first reference signal, which occupies at least two resource elements; The first device sends first information to the network device, the first information including at least one first coefficient, each first coefficient corresponding to a frequency domain label, the frequency domain label being used to indicate the frequency domain distance between a pair of resource elements; The method further includes: The first device determines all or part of the first coefficient samples corresponding to the first frequency domain label, and each first coefficient sample corresponds to a resource element corresponding to the first frequency domain label; The first device determines the first coefficient corresponding to the first frequency domain label based on all or part of the first coefficient samples.

30. A first information processing device, characterized in that, The device includes: The receiving module is configured to receive a first reference signal, wherein the first reference signal occupies at least two resource elements; The sending module is configured to send first information to a network device, the first information including at least one first coefficient, each first coefficient corresponding to a frequency domain label, the frequency domain label being used to indicate the frequency domain distance between a pair of resource elements; The determining module is configured to determine all or part of the first coefficient samples corresponding to the first frequency domain label, each of the first coefficient samples corresponding to a resource element corresponding to the first frequency domain label; The determining module is further configured to determine the first coefficient corresponding to the first frequency domain label based on all or part of the first coefficient samples.

31. A second information processing device, characterized in that, The device includes: A receiving module is configured to receive first information sent by a first device. The first information includes at least one first coefficient, each first coefficient corresponding to a frequency domain label, the frequency domain label being used to indicate the frequency domain distance between a pair of resource elements. The first information is determined by the first device by receiving a first reference signal, the first reference signal occupying at least two of the resource elements. The first coefficient corresponding to the first frequency domain label is determined based on part or all of the first coefficient sample, and each first coefficient sample corresponds to a resource element corresponding to the first frequency domain label.

32. A communication device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; The processor is configured to invoke computer instructions to cause the communication device to execute the information processing method according to any one of claims 1-12 or 13-28.

33. A communication system, characterized in that, The device includes a first device and a network device, wherein the first device is configured to implement the information processing method according to any one of claims 1-12, and the network device is configured to implement the information processing method according to any one of claims 13-28.

34. A storage medium storing instructions, characterized in that, When the instruction is executed on the communication device, the communication device performs the information processing method as described in any one of claims 1-12 or 13-28.

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