Postoperative adjustable hip spica for children with developmental dysplasia of the hip

Abstract

The application discloses a postoperative adjustable fixing brace for children hip dysplasia, which is a medical instrument and comprises a trunk brace fixed on a human trunk, a fixed part of the trunk brace wrapping around the human trunk corresponding to the human hip joint, a belly cover part fixed on the human belly, and a back cover part on the back of the human waist; the belly cover part is hinged to the upper edge of the surrounding part and detachably connected to the back cover part, so as to fix the trunk brace on the human trunk and limit the forward and backward rotation of the human trunk with the hip joint as a node; the trunk brace is connected with a first section brace for wrapping around the human thigh and a second section brace for fixing the human calf; and a sole brace for fixing the human sole is arranged. The application can fix the human body in a favorable angle and posture after hip joint surgery, so that the hip joint can be moved after the surgery, which is favorable for early fixation and early movement after the surgery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to medical devices, specifically an adjustable fixation brace for postoperative developmental dysplasia of the hip in children. Background Technology

[0002] Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders in children. Clinically, it usually requires open reduction of the hip joint and osteotomy of the pelvis or proximal femur to achieve concentric reduction of the acetabulum and femoral head.

[0003] Postoperative recovery after DDH is divided into three stages: plaster cast immobilization stage (from surgery to 6 weeks post-surgery), plaster cast removal stage before weight-bearing and walking stage (6 weeks to 3 months post-surgery), and walking stage (3 to 4 months and beyond post-surgery).

[0004] Currently, most scholars report removing the cast 6 weeks post-surgery before initiating hip joint activity. This is because 6-week cast immobilization after DDH promotes healing of the osteotomy site and soft tissues, helps maintain hip joint stability after reduction, and avoids the risk of re-dislocation and internal fixation displacement due to premature activity. Furthermore, early activity after DDH often lacks guidance from professional pediatric musculoskeletal rehabilitation therapists, and inappropriate early activity can lead to hip re-dislocation. However, other scholars have found that removing the cast 6 weeks after DDH surgery and initiating activity can have significant side effects, including increased hip stiffness, femoral fracture rates, difficulty for parents to care for the skin leading to pressure sores and other complications, and discomfort for the child, significantly reducing their quality of life.

[0005] Therefore, early postoperative fixation (to ensure safety and prevent redislocation) and early postoperative mobilization (to avoid joint dysfunction caused by prolonged postoperative fixation) are equally important.

[0006] However, currently, within 6 weeks after DDH surgery, static immobilization with plaster casts is used clinically. Although this ensures safety, it prevents early mobilization. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an adjustable fixation brace for postoperative developmental dysplasia of the hip in children.

[0008] The brace of the present invention, used for fixation to a human body, includes:

[0009] (1) A trunk brace used to fix itself to the human torso and fits the human hip to the human waist; the trunk brace consists of a fixed part that prevents the human thigh and the human waist from generating relative radial movement at the hip joint, and an abdominal cover part that limits the forward and backward rotation of the human torso with the hip joint as the node.

[0010] The fixing part includes a circumference part that adapts to the external contour of the human body corresponding to the hip joint, and a back cover part that is fixed to the circumference part and adapts to the back of the human waist. The abdominal cover part adapts to the lower abdomen of the human body and is hinged to the upper edge of the circumference part and is detachably connected to the back cover part.

[0011] The virtual center line that runs vertically through the human torso when the person is standing is taken as the main axis of the torso support; the virtual plane that is parallel to the main axis and cuts through the human torso in the left and right directions is the main plane; and the virtual plane that is parallel to the main axis and cuts through the human torso in the front and back directions is the lateral plane.

[0012] (2) A first segment of the support that is detachably connected to the torso support and used to wrap the human thigh and make the projection of the human thigh on the main plane form a first fixed angle with the main axis, so that the projection of the human thigh and the main plane on the side plane maintains a second fixed angle.

[0013] (3) A second support that is detachably connected to the first support and used to fix the lower leg of the human body and make the lower leg of the human body follow the projection of the thigh of the human body on the main plane to form a straight line; and make the lower leg of the human body parallel to the main plane.

[0014] (4) A foot support fixed on the second support for fixing the human foot; the virtual straight line passing through the second toe and the heel of the human foot is the center line of the foot support, and the center line of the foot support forms a third fixed angle with the side plane.

[0015] Each brace has an inner surface that conforms to the external contour of the part of the body that is being fixed.

[0016] As mentioned above, adjustable fixation braces are used after surgery for developmental dysplasia of the hip in children, among which:

[0017] The first fixed included angle is specifically: the angle is 30°-45°; and the projection of the human thigh on the main plane is tilted relative to the main axis, wherein the tilt direction is away from the main axis at the end closer to the human knee.

[0018] The second fixed angle is specifically: the angle is 5°-15°; and the projection of the human thigh on the side plane is tilted relative to the main plane, wherein the tilting direction is such that the end of the human thigh closer to the human calf is away from the main plane.

[0019] The third fixed included angle is specifically: the angle is 8°-11°; the tilt direction is such that the heel of the human body is away from the side plane.

[0020] As mentioned above, adjustable fixation braces are used after surgery for developmental dysplasia of the hip in children, among which:

[0021] The aforementioned rim portion is roughly ring-shaped and is used to surround the human torso. The length of the rim portion is at least 100mm, and it fits within a range of at least 50mm above and below the hip joint of the human torso.

[0022] As mentioned above, adjustable fixation braces are used after surgery for developmental dysplasia of the hip in children, among which:

[0023] The back cover and the belly cover together form a ring and are used to wrap the waist of the human body, which includes the lower abdomen and the back of the waist.

[0024] The abdominal cover is detachably connected to the back cover. Specifically, the abdominal cover and the back cover are connected by one of the following: a zipper, Velcro, or fastener.

[0025] The abdominal cover portion is hinged to the upper edge of the surrounding edge portion. Specifically, the lower edge of the abdominal cover portion is hinged to the upper edge of the surrounding edge portion near the lower abdomen of the human body. The hinge method is one of the following:

[0026] (1) The lower edge of the belly cover is connected to the upper edge of the circumference by a hinge;

[0027] (2) The lower edge of the belly cover is connected to the upper edge of the circumference by plastic material.

[0028] As mentioned above, adjustable fixation braces are used after surgery for developmental dysplasia of the hip in children, among which:

[0029] The specific purpose of fixing the torso brace to the human torso is to prevent the torso brace from moving axially, radially, or tangentially relative to the human torso.

[0030] The limitation on the forward and backward rotation of the human torso with the hip joint as the node; specifically: the limitation on the human torso to rotate forward from the hip joint, causing the waist to bend forward.

[0031] As mentioned above, adjustable fixation braces are used after surgery for developmental dysplasia of the hip in children, among which:

[0032] Both the first and second braces consist of an outer shell that fits one side of the human thigh and the other side of the human calf, and straps that wrap around the other side of the human thigh and the other side of the human calf on the outer shell.

[0033] As mentioned above, adjustable fixation braces are used after surgery for developmental dysplasia of the hip in children, among which:

[0034] The first section of the brace is detachably connected to the torso brace, and the first section of the brace is detachably connected to the second section of the brace, specifically as follows:

[0035] Several pins are fixedly installed on the torso support, the first section support, and the second section support; a crossbeam is provided, and all pins can be detached and fixed to the crossbeam.

[0036] As mentioned above, adjustable fixation braces are used after surgery for developmental dysplasia of the hip in children, among which:

[0037] The crossbeam includes a first crossbeam for fixing to a pin on the torso brace, a second crossbeam for fixing to a pin on the first crossbeam, and a third crossbeam for fixing to a pin on the second crossbeam.

[0038] The first crossbeam is hinged to the second crossbeam, which is limited to the second crossbeam rotating relative to the first crossbeam in a direction parallel to the main plane, and a locking screw is provided at the hinge to lock the hinge.

[0039] The second and third crossbeams are connected by a slide rail mechanism, allowing the third crossbeam to move axially relative to the second crossbeam.

[0040] The pin has a pin hole, and the crossbeam has a corresponding slot. The pin is locked to the crossbeam by passing a locking screw through the pin hole and the slot.

[0041] As mentioned above, adjustable fixation braces are used after surgery for developmental dysplasia of the hip in children, among which:

[0042] The torso brace, the first section brace, and the second section brace are all made of one of the following materials: low-temperature thermoplastic board, high-temperature thermoplastic board, aluminum plate, and plastic board.

[0043] The pin is made of either plastic or aluminum and is fixed to the torso brace, the first section brace, or the second section brace using one of the following methods: hot melt, adhesive, or riveting.

[0044] The crossbeam is made of aluminum alloy and steel.

[0045] As mentioned above, adjustable fixation braces are used after surgery for developmental dysplasia of the hip in children, among which:

[0046] The foot brace has a support plate parallel to the main plane at the rear. The heel of the foot brace is placed on the support plate. An adjustable column is also provided on the support plate. The front end of the column is hinged to the second toe of the foot brace to control the distance between the second toe of the foot brace and the surface of the support plate.

[0047] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0048] After DDH surgery, the use of this brace is beneficial for both early postoperative fixation (ensuring safety and preventing redislocation) and early postoperative mobilization (avoiding joint dysfunction caused by prolonged postoperative fixation).

[0049] Using this brace, the trunk brace is fixed to the human torso, while the abdominal cover is adapted to the lower abdomen after surgery and hinged to the upper edge of the perimeter and detachably connected to the back cover. Therefore, when the abdominal cover is connected to the back cover, it prevents the trunk brace from rotating axially and moving radially relative to the human torso. When the abdominal cover is disconnected from the back cover, the human torso can rotate forward and backward within a limited range with the waist as the fulcrum (from a skeletal perspective, the hip joint as the node), allowing the child to gradually sit up.

[0050] Meanwhile, the hip joint, including the lower limbs (especially the thigh), is always fixed inside the brace, while the trunk brace is fixed to the human torso and pressed between the human body and the bed surface. Therefore, the position of the brace relative to the human torso is always fixed, ensuring the relative stability of the hip joint during movement and preventing misalignment (i.e., preventing relative radial movement between the human thigh and the human waist at the hip joint).

[0051] The brace of the present invention ensures both fixation and adjustability. For example, it can be adjusted according to different people's leg lengths; and the hip abduction angle can be adjusted from 30° to 45° according to different recovery requirements.

[0052] The brace of this invention, used for early fixation after DDH surgery, immobilizes the lower limbs (thigh, calf, and foot), fixing the hip joint at an abduction angle of 30°-45°, the thigh at a forward flexion of 5°-15° (i.e., hip flexion of 5°-15°), the calf parallel to the torso (relative to knee flexion of 5°-15°), and the toes of the foot rotated inward by 10° (towards the other foot) with the heel as the center (specifically acting on the hip joint, i.e., internal rotation of the hip joint by 10°). Immobilizing the torso and lower limbs as described above greatly facilitates recovery after DDH surgery. Attached Figure Description

[0053] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions involved in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. However, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be easily obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the human body's posture after the present invention has fixed the human body; Figure 1 (a) shows a virtual main axis and the angle between the human thigh and the main axis; Figure 1 (b) shows a virtual principal plane and the angle between the human thigh and the principal plane; Figure 1 (c) shows a virtual lateral plane and the angle between the human foot and the lateral plane;

[0055] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the torso support structure of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first section of the support structure of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second support structure of the present invention.

[0059] in:

[0060] First fixed angle A1; Second fixed angle A2; Third fixed angle A3;

[0061] Main axis 101; Main plane 102; Lateral plane 103; Foot support centerline 104;

[0062] Human torso 01; Human thigh 02; Human calf 03; Human heel 04; Second toe 05;

[0063] 1. Torso brace; 2. Hinge blade; 3. Surrounding edge; 4. Abdominal cover; 5. Separating seam; 6. Velcro; 7. Back cover; 8. Pin; 9. Second section brace; 10. Foot brace; 11. Column; 12. Heel area; 13. Support plate; 14. Pin hole; 15. Velcro; 16. First section brace; 17. First section crossbeam; 18. Locking screw; 19. Second section crossbeam; 20. Groove; 21. Third section crossbeam. Detailed Implementation

[0064] In the description of this invention, terms such as "up," "down," "left," "right," "front," and "back" are used to express orientation or positional relationships. The use of these terms is solely for the purpose of facilitating and simplifying the description of this invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and does not indicate or imply that the referred components have a specific orientation or must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Similarly, the terms "first," "second," and "third" used in the description of this invention are for descriptive purposes only, distinguishing specific components or states, and should not be construed as indicating or implying a ranking of relative importance.

[0065] In the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, when expressing the orientation or positional relationship, the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", and "back" are used with reference to the subjective orientation of the human body wearing the brace of the present invention when standing. For example, "up" refers to the direction of the head, "down" refers to the direction of the feet, "front" refers to the direction of the chest, and "back" refers to the direction of the back.

[0066] refer to Figure 1In the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, for the sake of more accurate and concise description, virtual reference objects such as the main axis 101, the main plane 102, and the side plane 103 are used.

[0067] Main axis 101: The virtual center line that passes vertically through the human torso 01 when the human torso is standing is taken as the main axis of the torso support;

[0068] Main plane 102: The virtual plane parallel to the main axis and cutting through the human torso in the left and right directions is the main plane; it is equivalent to the virtual plane cutting through the human body from the left arm to the right arm.

[0069] Side plane 103: The virtual plane that is parallel to the main axis and cuts through the human torso 01 in the front-back direction is the side plane.

[0070] The human torso described above is a hypothetical human torso wearing a torso brace. Of course, in reality, patients are usually in a supine position during the recovery period after DDH surgery, but the figures in this invention show a standing posture, mainly for the convenience of describing it from the perspective of the human body's subjective orientation.

[0071] Example 1:

[0072] The adjustable fixation brace for children with developmental dysplasia of the hip in this example is used to fix the body. Each part of the brace has an inner surface that conforms to the external contour of the area to be fixed. For example, the inner surface of the trunk brace is designed according to the external contour of the human torso 01. The inner surface of the brace contacts the human skin and conforms to the external contour structure of the human muscles, making the body comfortable to wear and providing good fixation.

[0073] Similarly, the inner surfaces of the first and second braces have an inner surface structure that conforms to the external contours of the human leg muscles. They are comfortable and provide good fixation when worn on the leg.

[0074] Of course, the external surface structure and shape of the brace are not so important, but for reasons such as saving materials, ease of processing and manufacturing, better appearance, and ease of wearing on the human body, etc., reference should be made. Figure 2 The outer surface of the brace should also be as similar as possible to the structural shape of the corresponding part of the human body. Therefore, the present invention should be set in a shell shape, with the outer surface structure of the brace resembling a shell and wrapping around the corresponding part of the human body, and the shell thickness being 3-15mm.

[0075] One example is that the shell described in this example is made of high-temperature thermoplastic sheet or low-temperature thermoplastic sheet, with high-temperature thermoplastic sheet being preferred due to its superior strength. Since developmental dysplasia of the hip surgery is generally performed on children aged 2-7 years, the design dimensions are tailored to the typical height of children in this age group. Furthermore, because the length and angles of the brace are adjustable within a certain range, it can accommodate variations in height. Soft materials such as cotton, foam, straps, sponge, and fabric are then placed inside the shell (the inner surface of the brace that contacts the skin). The thickness of this soft material can be adjusted temporarily during wear, allowing the shell's space to accommodate different body shapes and weights within a certain range.

[0076] Another example is that the shell described in this example is made of plastic sheet or lightweight aluminum alloy sheet. Specifically, the torso brace, the first segment brace, and the second segment brace are made of plastic sheet or lightweight aluminum alloy sheet. However, plastic sheet is not skin-friendly, so using high-temperature thermoplastic sheet or low-temperature thermoplastic sheet can achieve antibacterial and ventilation effects, which is preferable.

[0077] Example 2:

[0078] Regarding the torso brace section.

[0079] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 The torso brace 1 is designed to fit the human body from the hips to the waist (from the root of the thigh to the navel). It is designed with inner surfaces that fit the waist, root of the thigh, and buttocks, based on the outer contour features of this part of the human body.

[0080] In one example, the torso support 1 is divided into a fixed part and a belly cover part 4. The fixed part is further divided into a perimeter part 3 and a back cover part 7.

[0081] The circumference portion is designed to fit the human hip joint (starting from the root of the thigh and extending 50mm upwards). To provide good fixation for this portion, it is necessary to fix it both above and below this position. Therefore, the length of the circumference portion is at least 50mm and it fits the human thigh at the hip joint.

[0082] The surrounding portion 3 is roughly ring-shaped, conforming to the external contour of the human body corresponding to the hip joint, specifically a portion of the human torso and a portion of the human thigh, based on the external contour of that area, specifically the root of the thigh and a small portion below the waist. Since the torso brace is fixed to the human torso, it can be considered that the human torso fixes the torso brace, while the torso brace restricts some movements of the human torso (such as restricting the forward and backward rotation of the human torso with the hip joint as the node), therefore, the torso brace and the human torso are mutually fixed.

[0083] The front half of the ring-shaped structure embraces part of the human torso and the front half of the thighs. The rear half of the ring, along with the back cover, is pressed between the body and the bed surface (specifically, under the buttocks), preventing movement. Therefore, the perimeter is fixed. When the body is lying down or sitting, the torso is pressed against the bed surface by gravity, while the thighs may be pulled by the muscles around the hip joint and move outwards (producing relative radial movement), especially forward, left, and right (but not backwards, as the back is against the bed surface when lying down). The perimeter, after encircling the thighs, is pressed between the body and the bed surface by the back cover, thus restraining the thighs and preventing them from being moved outwards by the muscles around the hip joint. This fixes the hip joint bones, preventing radial movement between the femoral head and acetabulum (meaning the femoral head dislocating from the acetabulum from the left, right, or front and back), and preventing the femoral head from moving in the acetabulum in any direction or amount beyond the required range.

[0084] The back cover portion 7 is fixed to the edging portion and adapts to the back of the human waist. In one example, the back cover portion and the edging portion are made separately and then joined together using methods such as sewing, zippers, or rivets. Another preferred example is that the back cover portion and the edging portion are made as a single unit. The lower edge of the back cover portion is connected to the upper edge of the rear side of the edging portion.

[0085] The abdominal cover portion 4 is adapted to the lower abdomen and its main function is to secure it there. The lower edge of the abdominal cover portion is hinged to the front side of the upper edge of the surrounding portion. The left and right sides of the abdominal cover portion are detachably connected to the back cover portion. Therefore, the abdominal cover portion and the back cover portion are essentially two separate covers, one on the left and one on the right, that fit the abdomen and back of the body. When the two covers are joined together, they form a ring, creating a complete shell that completely covers the abdomen and back of the body (including the lower abdomen and the back of the waist). The abdominal cover portion is connected to the back cover portion via a zipper, Velcro 6, or fasteners for fastening and unfastening. Therefore, the connection between the abdominal cover portion and the back cover portion is easy to separate and assemble. A preferred example is that Velcro with a strap is used between the abdominal cover portion and the back cover portion for assembly and disassembly.

[0086] The lower edge of the abdominal cover portion 4 is hinged to the upper edge of the front edge of the surrounding edge portion. Specifically, the lower edge of the abdominal cover portion is hinged to the upper edge of the surrounding edge portion near the lower abdomen of the human body.

[0087] One example is a hinge between the lower edge of the operculum and the upper edge of the rim, allowing the operculum to fold outwards.

[0088] Another preferred example is that the lower edge of the belly cover is connected to the upper edge of the rim by a plastic material. Specifically, the belly cover, rim, and back cover are a single, integrally molded shell that fits perfectly from the upper thigh to the navel. The belly cover and back cover are then separated by cutting, forming a separation seam 5. However, the lower edge of the belly cover retains its connection to the upper edge of the rim. Then, a portion of the connection between the lower edge of the belly cover and the upper edge of the rim is cut again, but not completely severed, leaving a small portion of the connection to form a hinge blade 2. The hinge blade 2 allows the belly cover to flexibly fold outwards. Therefore, the belly cover and rim remain an integral unit, while simultaneously achieving the function of a hinge between the belly cover and the rim.

[0089] Once the abdominal cover and dorsal cover are connected, the abdominal cover, dorsal cover, and perimeter form a fixed whole that can securely wrap around the human torso, fixing the torso brace to the torso. Therefore, the torso brace is immobile relative to the human torso and cannot move axially, radially, or tangentially, remaining firmly attached to the torso. It serves two purposes: firstly, it restricts the range of motion of the human torso, providing postoperative fixation, and limiting the anterior-posterior rotation of the torso around the hip joint (where "anterior" refers to the rotation of the torso at the hip joint). "Posterior rotation" refers to rotation around the waist / or hip joint as the center, with the human torso revolving around this center in a forward-backward direction. Restricted forward-backward rotation means preventing the torso from bending forward from the waist (limiting the bending motion), and also restricting lateral swaying and sideways movements of the torso. This helps accelerate postoperative recovery. Secondly, it utilizes the torso to stabilize the torso brace. When the first and second segments of the brace are connected to the torso brace, they can be stabilized.

[0090] When the abdominal cover is disconnected from the back cover, the abdominal cover can be flipped outward through the hinged leaf 2, thus removing the constraint on the lower abdomen. Therefore, the human torso can rotate forward and backward (i.e., bend over) with the hip joint as the node. The human torso is limited to bending forward with the hip joint as the node. Here, "limited" refers to the direction of bending, which can be forward but not left or right, rather than being limited to not bending at all.

[0091] Therefore, when patients in the postoperative immobilization phase (from surgery to 6 weeks post-surgery) require early postoperative activity, the connection between the abdominal and back covers can be removed, eliminating the constraint on the lower abdomen. This allows the torso to rotate forward and backward around the waist (which, from a skeletal perspective, is the hip joint) (i.e., bending over; of course, postoperatively, the patient is generally in a lying position, so bending over can be understood as a supine-to-sit-up movement). Simultaneously, the surrounding area maintains constraint on the hip joint at all times, fixing the hip bones and preventing relative radial movement between the thigh and waist at the hip joint during supine-to-sit-up movements. Specifically, this prevents radial movement between the femoral head and acetabulum that exceeds the safe range (meaning the femoral head dislocates from the acetabulum from a lateral or anterior-posterior position, or the femoral head moves beyond the required lateral or anterior-posterior direction and amount within the acetabulum). This balances early postoperative immobilization (ensuring safety and preventing redislocation) and early postoperative sit-up activity (avoiding joint dysfunction caused by prolonged postoperative immobilization). After the initial postoperative activity ends, the patient lies flat, and the abdominal cover is then connected to the back cover.

[0092] Example 3:

[0093] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 The first brace 16 and the second brace 9 are used together to fix the lower limbs of the human body. The first brace 16 fixes the thigh 02 of the human body, and the second brace 9 fixes the lower leg 03 and the foot of the human body.

[0094] The first segment of the brace 16 is detachably connected to the torso brace 1. The main purpose of the detachable connection is to facilitate the wearing of the brace on the human body. First, the torso brace is put on the human body, then the first segment of the brace is put on the human thigh, and then the first segment of the brace is connected to the torso brace to complete the installation and wearing of the first segment of the brace.

[0095] The primary function of the first brace is to wrap around and constrain the human thigh (02), including constraining the thigh's posture. The constraints are as follows:

[0096] (1) The projection of the human thigh 02 onto the main plane 102 forms a first fixed angle A1 with the main axis (this is actually an assumed angle formed by the axis of the middle of the human thigh and the main axis). The tilt direction of the human thigh is such that the end near the knee is away from the main axis, while the root of the thigh is close to the main axis. Taking the left hip joint as an example of surgery, the left thigh is tilted to the left of the body by the first fixed angle, while the other thigh, which has not been operated on, is not restricted. The first fixed angle A1 is adjustable from 30° to 45° as needed, preferably 35°. This adjustability has two meanings. The first meaning is that, according to the differences in the physical conditions of different people, different angles are set for installation and wearing when installing on the human body; thus, it can adapt to different body structures. The second meaning is that, according to the situation during the human recovery process, the appropriate angle can be adjusted according to the current situation.

[0097] (2) An angle is formed between the human thigh 02 and the main plane 102. Specifically, the human thigh forms an angle with the main plane, which is projected onto the side plane as a second fixed angle A2. The tilt direction is such that the human thigh is closer to the lower leg and further away from the main plane, which is equivalent to a posture of slightly raising the leg upward. The second fixed angle A2 is specifically: the angle is 5°-15°, preferably 10°. Here, it is assumed that the projection of the axis of the middle of the human thigh and the main plane onto the side plane maintains the second fixed angle A2.

[0098] Under the above two constraints, the femoral head and acetabulum at the hip joint are positioned in the most favorable position for head and acetabulum shaping, which can promote the healing of osteotomy sites and soft tissues and help maintain the stability of the hip joint after reduction.

[0099] The second support segment 9 is detachably connected to the first support segment 16. The second support segment is used to fix the lower leg of the human body. With the second support segment fixed, the lower leg of the human body follows the projection of the upper leg onto the main plane to form a straight line. That is, the upper leg and the lower leg of the human body are straight from the perspective of the main plane.

[0100] The second brace also keeps the lower leg parallel to the main plane. After the thigh forms a 5°-15° angle with the main plane, the lower leg is slightly bent from the thigh. The angle of the lower leg's slight bend from the thigh is the same as the angle of the thigh's slight bend from the torso, only in the opposite direction. If the thigh bends slightly forward, the lower leg bends slightly backward, and the angles are the same. This makes the projection of the lower leg on the lateral plane equivalent to being parallel to the main plane, which can also be regarded as the lower leg being slightly bent at a 5°-15° angle relative to the thigh.

[0101] The foot brace 10 is fixed to the end of the second brace 9 and is used to fix the human foot. Assuming the virtual straight line passing through the second toe 05 and the heel 04 of the human foot is the midline 104 of the foot brace, the midline 104 of the foot brace and the lateral plane 103 form a third fixing angle A3. Therefore, when the human foot is fixed, the second toe is rotated inward, and the tilt direction causes the heel to move away from the lateral plane. Alternatively, taking the left hip joint surgery as an example, the left second toe 05 tilts to the right, and the heel 04 tilts to the left. The third fixing angle A3 is specifically 10° and can be adjusted within a 3° range to the left and right. This adjustment has two meanings: first, it allows for different installation angles based on individual body conditions, thus adapting to different body structures; second, it allows for adjustment of the angle according to the current recovery process.

[0102] The first and second sections of the brace are structured as follows: They consist of a shell that surrounds the back half of the thigh and lower leg, providing fixation and support for the legs in a supine position. The other side of the thigh and lower leg, not surrounded by the shell, is then secured with straps attached to the shell, allowing the shell to be worn over the thigh and lower leg. The straps are preferably made of cotton fabric or Velcro / fasteners. In this example, Velcro is used.

[0103] The foot brace surrounds the area around the foot and the sole, and the instep can also be secured with cotton tape or Velcro.

[0104] By constraining the posture (various flexion-extension angles and rotation angles) of the human thigh, calf, and foot, the femoral head and acetabulum at the hip joint are placed in the most favorable position for recovery, which can promote the healing of the osteotomy site and soft tissues and help maintain the stability of the hip joint after reduction.

[0105] Example 4:

[0106] The present invention constrains the human torso, thighs, calves, and feet through a torso brace 1, a first-section brace 16, and a second-section brace 9. The torso brace is fixed to the human torso, and the human torso is used to fix the torso brace. The first-section brace and the second-section brace are stabilized by being connected to the torso brace.

[0107] This example demonstrates how to connect and secure the first and second braces to the torso brace.

[0108] refer to Figure 2-5 Several pins 8 are fixedly installed on the torso support, the first support, and the second support.

[0109] One example is a torso brace with three pins securely fastened, extending outwards from either the left or right side of the body (e.g., if the left thigh needs to be secured, the pin extends to the left side). Pin 8 is fixed to the back cover and the surrounding edge, not the abdominal cover. At least two pins are also fixed to the left side of both the first and second braces. Pin 8 is made of rigid material and has a 6mm wide slotted pin hole 14.

[0110] In this configuration, the pins on the torso support are aligned in a straight line, with all three pins at the same distance from the main plane. Similarly, the pins on the first section of the support are also aligned in a straight line, with each pin at the same distance from the main plane. Likewise, the pins on the second section of the support are also aligned in a straight line, with each pin at the same distance from the main plane. This arrangement facilitates the installation of a crossbeam to connect and secure all the pins together.

[0111] Furthermore, the way this invention fixes the human thigh in a forward flexion of 5°-15° (i.e., hip flexion of 5°-15°) and the lower leg parallel to the torso (relative to knee flexion of 5°-15°) is determined by the specific positions of the pins on the torso brace, the first segment brace, and the second segment brace. For example, the three pins on the torso brace are horizontally parallel to the main axis; while the pins on the first segment brace are also parallel to the main axis. However, because the first segment brace is tilted forward, the distribution of the pins on the first segment brace is not on the same horizontal plane as the axis of the second segment brace itself. For instance, when all the pins are behind the axis of the second segment brace, the pins near the root of the thigh will be closer to the axis of the second segment brace than the pins near the knee. Therefore, when the crossbeam connects all the pins, the lower part of the second segment brace will be lifted forward and tilted. The same principle applies to the pins on the second segment brace.

[0112] Pin 8 can be made of plastic, aluminum, or steel, and can be fixed to the torso brace, the first section brace, or the second section brace by means of hot melting, bonding, or riveting.

[0113] One example is that pin 8 is made of a stainless steel strip with a thickness of more than 3mm, which has antibacterial and hard properties. A flange is provided at the end of the pin, and the flange is then secured to the housing by rivets passing through it. Alternatively, if the housing is made of aluminum alloy, the pin can be made of aluminum alloy with a thickness of more than 5mm, and the end of the pin is welded to the housing.

[0114] All pins and crossbeams can be detachably fixed.

[0115] refer to Figure 2One example is that the crossbeam includes a first crossbeam 17 for fixing to a pin on the torso brace, a second crossbeam 19 for fixing to a pin on the first crossbeam, and a third crossbeam 21 for fixing to a pin on the second crossbeam.

[0116] The crossbeams are made of aluminum alloy and steel. One example is a crossbeam made of stainless steel strips over 3mm thick, providing sufficient strength. Each section of the crossbeam has several 6mm wide slots that correspond to slotted pin holes. Locking screws 18 are used to secure the pins to the crossbeams through the pin holes and slotted holes.

[0117] The first and second crossbeams are hinged together. A hinge is installed at the lower end of the first crossbeam and the upper end of the second crossbeam. Specifically, holes are drilled at the lower end of the first crossbeam and the upper end of the second crossbeam, with the axis of the holes pointing forward and backward. After aligning the two holes, a locking screw is inserted and tightened to fix the second and first crossbeams. Taking the left hip joint as an example, to deflect the left thigh 35° to the left of the body, the deflection angle of the second crossbeam relative to the first crossbeam needs to be adjusted. Therefore, the second crossbeam is limited to rotating relative to the first crossbeam in a direction parallel to the principal plane to the required angle. A locking screw is installed at the hinge to lock the hinge. Thus, after locking at the hinge, the rotation angle (first angle) of the thigh relative to the torso is fixed. Since the first brace is connected to the torso brace through the crossbeam, the torso brace restricts the first brace from vertical movement and forward and backward deflection.

[0118] The hinge between the lower end of the first crossbeam and the upper end of the second crossbeam is located at the corresponding position of the human hip joint, that is, at the root of the thigh. The angle can be adjusted relative to the human torso by using the human thigh.

[0119] The second and third crossbeams are connected by a slide rail mechanism, allowing the third crossbeam to move axially relative to the second crossbeam. The slide rail mechanism primarily prevents axial misalignment between the two crossbeams. In this example, the slide rail mechanism is structured as follows: a groove 20 is provided on the back of the second crossbeam, extending from top to bottom through the second crossbeam; a boss is provided on the front of the third crossbeam, extending from top to bottom through the third crossbeam. The width of the boss corresponds to the width of the groove 20, allowing the boss to engage with the groove, forming the slide rail mechanism. This enables the third crossbeam to move axially relative to the second crossbeam, allowing for adjustment of the distance between the second and first crossbeams, thus accommodating different heights and leg lengths. After adjustment, the second crossbeam is secured to the first crossbeam via the crossbeam connection by tightening 6mm screws passing through the slotted holes and pin holes. The first crossbeam can be detachably connected to the second crossbeam through the connection between the second and third crossbeams.

[0120] The foot brace has a support plate 13 parallel to the main plane at the rear. The support plate is 100-200mm wide. When the body is lying flat, the support plate is laid flat. The sufficient width prevents the support plate 13 from flipping over, providing stable support for the feet. The heel 12 of the foot brace rests on the support plate. An adjustable column 11 is also provided on the support plate. The column consists of two sections, each with a 6mm wide slot. A 6mm locking screw can be inserted to adjust and fix the length of the column. The front end of the column 11 is hinged to the second toe of the foot brace to control the distance between the second toe of the foot brace and the surface of the support plate.

[0121] When the body lies flat, the heels are placed on the support plate 13. Adjust the length of the column and pull the front end of the foot support to shift the foot. The toes of the body's foot rotate inward 8°-11° (preferably 10°) towards the other foot with the heel as the center. When the rotation of the body's foot is transmitted to the hip joint, even if the hip joint rotates inward 10°, it is beneficial for postoperative recovery after DDH.

[0122] The above is an exemplary description of the present invention. The examples described are not singular, but rather combinations thereof to implement the present invention. Other examples implemented based on the core idea of ​​the present invention are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable fixation brace for children after developmental dysplasia of the hip surgery, used for fixation on the human body, characterized in that, include: (1) A torso brace used to fix itself to the human torso and adapted to the human hip to waist. The trunk brace consists of a fixed part that prevents the human thigh and waist from making relative radial movements at the hip joint, and an abdominal cover part that limits the forward and backward rotation of the human trunk with the hip joint as the node. The fixing part includes a circumference portion adapted to the external contour of the human body corresponding to the hip joint, and a back cover portion fixed to the circumference portion and adapted to the back of the human waist. The abdominal cover portion is adapted to the lower abdomen of the human body and hinged to the upper edge of the circumference portion and detachably connected to the back cover portion. The circumference portion is ring-shaped and used to surround the human torso. The length of the circumference portion is at least 100mm and it is adapted to the human torso within a range of at least 50mm above and below the hip joint. The virtual center line that runs vertically through the human torso when the human torso is standing is taken as the main axis of the torso support; the virtual plane that is parallel to the main axis and cuts through the human torso in the left and right directions is the main plane, and the virtual plane that is parallel to the main axis and cuts through the human torso in the front and back directions is the lateral plane. (2) A first segment of the support that is detachably connected to the torso support and used to wrap the human thigh and make the projection of the human thigh on the main plane form a first fixed angle with the main axis, so that the projection of the human thigh and the main plane on the side plane maintains a second fixed angle. (3) A second support that is detachably connected to the first support and used to fix the lower leg of the human body and make the lower leg of the human body follow the projection of the thigh of the human body on the main plane to form a straight line; and make the lower leg of the human body parallel to the main plane; Specifically: Several pins are fixedly installed on the torso support, the first section support, and the second section support; a crossbeam is provided, and all pins can be detached and fixed on the crossbeam. The crossbeam includes a first crossbeam for fixing to a pin on the torso brace, a second crossbeam for fixing to a pin on the first crossbeam, and a third crossbeam for fixing to a pin on the second crossbeam. The first and second crossbeams are hinged, with the second crossbeam rotating relative to the first crossbeam in a direction parallel to the main plane. A locking screw is provided at the hinge point to secure the hinge. The second and third crossbeams are connected by a slide rail mechanism, allowing the third crossbeam to move axially relative to the second crossbeam. The pin has a pin hole, and the crossbeam has a corresponding slot. The locking screw passes through the pin hole and the slot to lock the pin to the crossbeam. (4) Foot support fixed on the second support for fixing the human foot; the virtual straight line passing through the second toe and the heel of the human foot is the center line of the foot support, and the center line of the foot support forms a third fixed angle with the side plane. The foot brace has a support plate parallel to the main plane at the rear. The human heel of the foot brace is placed on the support plate. An adjustable column is also provided on the support plate. The front end of the column is hinged to the second toe of the human foot brace to control the distance between the second toe of the foot brace and the surface of the support plate. Each brace has an inner surface that conforms to the external contour of the part of the body that is being fixed.

2. The adjustable fixation brace for children with developmental dysplasia of the hip as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first fixed included angle is specifically: the angle is 30°-45°; and the projection of the human thigh on the main plane is tilted relative to the main axis, wherein the tilt direction is away from the main axis at the end closer to the human knee; The second fixed angle is specifically: the angle is 5°-15°; and the projection of the human thigh on the side plane is tilted relative to the main plane, wherein the tilting direction is such that the end of the human thigh closer to the human calf is away from the main plane; The third fixed included angle is specifically: the angle is 8°-11°; the tilt direction is such that the heel of the human body is away from the side plane.

3. The adjustable fixation brace for children with developmental dysplasia of the hip as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The back cover and the belly cover together form a ring and are used to wrap the waist of the human body, which includes the lower abdomen and the back of the waist. The abdominal cover is detachably connected to the back cover, specifically: the abdominal cover and the back cover are connected by one of the following: a zipper, Velcro, or fastener. The abdominal cover portion is hinged to the upper edge of the surrounding edge portion. Specifically, the lower edge of the abdominal cover portion is hinged to the upper edge of the surrounding edge portion near the lower abdomen of the human body. The hinge method is one of the following: (1) The lower edge of the belly cover is connected to the upper edge of the circumference by a hinge; (2) The lower edge of the belly cover is connected to the upper edge of the circumference by plastic material.

4. The adjustable fixation brace for children with developmental dysplasia of the hip as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Fixing the torso brace to the human torso specifically prevents the torso brace from moving axially, radially, or tangentially relative to the human torso; The limitation on the forward and backward rotation of the human torso with the hip joint as the node; specifically: the limitation on the human torso to rotate forward from the hip joint, causing the waist to bend forward.

5. The adjustable fixation brace for children with developmental dysplasia of the hip as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first and second braces consist of an outer shell that fits one side of the human thigh and the other side of the human calf, and straps that wrap around the other side of the human thigh and the other side of the human calf on the outer shell.

6. The adjustable fixation brace for children with developmental dysplasia of the hip as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The torso brace, the first section brace, and the second section brace are all made of one of the following materials: low-temperature thermoplastic board, high-temperature thermoplastic board, aluminum plate, and plastic board. The pins are made of either plastic or aluminum and are fixed to the torso support, the first section support, or the second section support using either hot-melt, adhesive, or riveting methods; the crossbeams are made of either aluminum alloy or steel.

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