Battery heating device, method and vehicle

Abstract

This application discloses a battery heating device, method, and vehicle, relating to the field of automotive technology. The battery heating device includes: a three-phase motor, a motor controller, a distribution box, and a DC bus capacitor; the output terminals of the three-phase windings of the three-phase motor are respectively connected to the output terminals of the three-phase bridge arms of the motor controller; the input terminals of the three-phase windings are interconnected; the output terminal of the first phase winding is also connected to one end of a first switch included in the distribution box; the first input terminals of the three-phase bridge arms are respectively connected to one end of the DC bus capacitor, one end of a second switch included in the distribution box, and one end of a resistor included in the distribution box; the other end of the resistor is connected to one end of a third switch included in the distribution box; the second input terminals of the three-phase bridge arms are respectively connected to the other end of the DC bus capacitor and the negative terminal of the target battery; the other ends of the first, second, and third switches are all connected to the positive terminal of the target battery. According to the embodiments of this application, vehicle costs can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of automotive technology, and in particular relates to a battery heating device, method and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing international attention to environmental protection and carbon emissions, the electrification and clean energy conversion of automobiles has entered a period of rapid development in recent years. However, the performance of lithium-ion batteries, the core component of electric vehicles, has constrained the development of vehicle electrification in many aspects, especially the issue of low-temperature performance degradation. Low-temperature performance degradation refers to the phenomenon that key performance indicators of lithium-ion batteries, such as charging capacity, discharging capacity, and cycle life, decline significantly in low-temperature environments.

[0003] In related technologies, in order to avoid the degradation of battery performance at low temperatures, additional power conversion devices are usually used to heat the battery to increase its temperature.

[0004] However, using additional power conversion devices will increase vehicle costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a battery heating device, method, and vehicle that can solve the problem of high vehicle costs.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery heating device, including: a three-phase motor, a motor controller, a power distribution box, and a DC bus capacitor;

[0007] The output terminals of the first phase winding, the second phase winding, and the third phase winding of the three-phase motor are respectively connected to the output terminals of the first phase bridge arm, the second phase bridge arm, and the third phase bridge arm of the motor controller.

[0008] The input terminals of the first phase winding, the second phase winding, and the third phase winding of the three-phase motor are connected together.

[0009] The output terminal of the first phase winding of the three-phase motor is also connected to one end of the first switch included in the distribution box.

[0010] The first input terminals of the first phase bridge arm, the second phase bridge arm, and the third phase bridge arm of the motor controller are respectively connected to one end of the DC bus capacitor, one end of the second switch included in the distribution box, and one end of the resistor included in the distribution box.

[0011] The other end of the resistor is connected to one end of the third switch included in the distribution box;

[0012] The second input terminals of the first phase bridge arm, the second phase bridge arm, and the third phase bridge arm of the motor controller are respectively connected to the other end of the DC bus capacitor and the negative terminal of the target battery.

[0013] The other ends of the first switch, the second switch, and the third switch are all connected to the positive terminal of the target battery.

[0014] In a second aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery heating method, applied to the battery heating device provided in the first aspect of embodiments of this application; the battery heating method includes:

[0015] The first switch in the distribution box of the control battery heating device is closed;

[0016] The second and third switches in the control distribution box are disconnected to heat the target battery.

[0017] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a battery heating unit, including:

[0018] The first control module is used to control the closing of the first switch of the power distribution box in the battery heating device;

[0019] The second control module is used to control the second and third switches in the power distribution box to disconnect in order to heat the target battery.

[0020] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, the electronic device comprising: a processor and a memory storing computer program instructions; the processor, when executing the computer program instructions, implements the battery heating method provided in the second aspect of embodiments of this application.

[0021] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer program instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the battery heating method provided in the second aspect of embodiments of this application.

[0022] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product in which instructions, when executed by a processor of an electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform the battery heating method provided in the second aspect of embodiments of this application.

[0023] Seventhly, embodiments of this application provide a vehicle, including:

[0024] The battery heating device provided in the first aspect of the embodiments of this application.

[0025] In this embodiment, the battery heating device includes a three-phase motor, a motor controller, a distribution box, and a DC bus capacitor. The output terminals of the three-phase windings of the three-phase motor are respectively connected to the output terminals of the three-phase bridge arms of the motor controller. The input terminals of the three-phase windings are interconnected. The output terminal of the first phase winding is also connected to one end of the first switch included in the distribution box. The first input terminals of the three-phase bridge arms are respectively connected to one end of the DC bus capacitor, one end of the second switch included in the distribution box, and one end of the resistor included in the distribution box. The other end of the resistor is connected to one end of the third switch included in the distribution box. The second input terminals of the three-phase bridge arms are respectively connected to the other end of the DC bus capacitor and the negative terminal of the target battery. The other ends of the first, second, and third switches are all connected to the positive terminal of the target battery. Thus, the three-phase motor and motor controller can utilize existing components on the vehicle, requiring only the addition of a distribution box including three switches to achieve vehicle battery heating, thereby reducing vehicle costs compared to related technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery heating device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of the battery heating method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 3 This is an equivalent circuit diagram of the battery heating provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the generation of bridge arm drive signals provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a first schematic diagram of the working waveform provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a second schematic diagram of the working waveform provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery heating unit provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of this application will be described in detail below. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to explain this application and not to limit it. For those skilled in the art, this application can be implemented without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely to provide a better understanding of this application by illustrating examples.

[0036] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0037] The battery heating device, method, and vehicle provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery heating device provided in an embodiment of this application. The battery heating device 100 may include: a three-phase motor 101, a motor controller 102, a power distribution box 103, and a DC bus capacitor 104.

[0039] The output terminals of the first phase winding 1011, the second phase winding 1012, and the third phase winding 1013 of the three-phase motor 101 are respectively connected to the output terminals of the first phase bridge arm 1021, the second phase bridge arm 1022, and the third phase bridge arm 1023 of the motor controller 102; the input terminals of the first phase winding 1011, the second phase winding 1012, and the third phase winding 1013 are connected together.

[0040] The output terminal of the first phase winding 1011 is also connected to one end of the first switch K1 included in the distribution box 103.

[0041] The first input terminals of the first phase bridge arm 1021, the second phase bridge arm 1022, and the third phase bridge arm 1023 are respectively connected to one end of the DC bus capacitor 104, one end of the second switch K2 included in the distribution box 103, and one end of the resistor R included in the distribution box 103.

[0042] The other end of the resistor R is connected to one end of the third switch K3 included in the distribution box 102.

[0043] The second input terminals of the first phase bridge arm 1021, the second phase bridge arm 1022, and the third phase bridge arm 1023 are respectively connected to the other end of the DC bus capacitor 104 and the negative terminal of the target battery 105.

[0044] The other ends of the first switch K1, the second switch K2, and the third switch K3 are all connected to the positive terminal of the target battery 105.

[0045] In this embodiment, the battery heating device includes a three-phase motor, a motor controller, a distribution box, and a DC bus capacitor. The output terminals of the three-phase windings of the three-phase motor are respectively connected to the output terminals of the three-phase bridge arms of the motor controller. The input terminals of the three-phase windings are interconnected. The output terminal of the first phase winding is also connected to one end of the first switch included in the distribution box. The first input terminals of the three-phase bridge arms are respectively connected to one end of the DC bus capacitor, one end of the second switch included in the distribution box, and one end of the resistor included in the distribution box. The other end of the resistor is connected to one end of the third switch included in the distribution box. The second input terminals of the three-phase bridge arms are respectively connected to the other end of the DC bus capacitor and the negative terminal of the target battery. The other ends of the first, second, and third switches are all connected to the positive terminal of the target battery. Thus, the three-phase motor and motor controller can utilize existing components on the vehicle, requiring only the addition of a distribution box including three switches to achieve vehicle battery heating, thereby reducing vehicle costs compared to related technologies.

[0046] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, the motor controller in the embodiments of this application can be a three-phase voltage source type two-level converter, whose three-phase bridge arm is composed of upper and lower power electronic devices. The power electronic device can be any fully controlled power electronic device, including but not limited to: Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET), Junction Field-Effect Transistor (JFET), etc.

[0047] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, the three switches included in the distribution box in the embodiments of this application can be various controllable switching devices with large current carrying capacity, including but not limited to: relays, circuit breakers and fully controlled power electronic devices, etc.

[0048] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, the battery in the embodiments of this application can be an integrated battery pack, or it can be composed of several battery modules connected in series and parallel, or it can be composed of several individual cells connected in series and parallel.

[0049] This application also provides a battery heating method, which is applied to the battery heating device provided in this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of a battery heating method provided in an embodiment of this application. The battery heating method may include:

[0050] Step 201: Control the first switch to close;

[0051] Step 202: Control the second and third switches to disconnect in order to heat the target battery.

[0052] In this embodiment, when the first switch is closed and the second and third switches are open, an alternating current flows through the target battery, thereby achieving AC self-heating of the target battery.

[0053] The equivalent circuit diagram for battery heating is as follows: Figure 3 As shown. Figure 3 This is an equivalent circuit diagram of battery heating provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0054] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, the battery heating method provided in the embodiments of this application may further include: obtaining the current i of the target battery. bat The voltage u of the target battery bat The voltage u of the DC bus capacitor dc The maximum duty cycle D of the second and third phase arms during the most recent fundamental frequency cycle. max The current i in the first phase winding a The current i in the second phase winding b and the current i of the third phase winding c According to i bat u bat u dc D max i a i b and i c Determine the duty cycle of the second and third phase bridge arms; based on the duty cycle of the second and third phase bridge arms, control the switching on and off of the power electronic devices in the second and third phase bridge arms.

[0055] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, the current of the three-phase windings of the motor and the target battery can be measured by a current sensor (including but not limited to a Hall effect current sensor, a current sampling resistor, etc.); and the voltage of the DC bus capacitor and the target battery can be measured by a voltage sensor (including but not limited to a Hall effect voltage sensor, a voltage sampling resistor, etc.).

[0056] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, according to i bat u bat u dc D max i a i b and i c Determining the duty cycle of the power electronic devices in the second and third phase arms can include: determining i bat i a i b and i c The effective value of current I in the most recent fundamental cycle bat I a I b and I c Determine u bat The maximum value U in the most recent fundamental frequency period bat-max and minimum value U bat-min Determine u dc The maximum value U in the most recent fundamental frequency period dc-max According to I bat I a I b I c U bat-max U bat-min U dc-max and D max Determine the reference value i of the AC component of the target battery's current. bat-ref-ac and determine the reference value i of the DC component of the target battery current. bat-ref-dc According to i bat-ref-ac and i bat-ref-dc Determine the reference current value i of the first phase winding. a-ref Reference value of current i for the second phase winding b-ref and the current reference value i of the third phase winding c-ref According to i a-ref i b-ref and i c-ref Determine the duty cycle of the power electronic devices in the second and third phase arms.

[0057] The embodiments in this application do not address the determination of I. bat I a I b Ic U bat-max U bat-min and U dc-max The method used is limited, but any available method can be applied to the embodiments of this application.

[0058] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, for I bat I a I b I c U bat-max U bat-min U dc-max and D max Each variable has its own corresponding preset interval, which divides the possible value range of each variable outside the preset interval into an allowed range and a prohibited range. For I bat I a I b I c U bat-max U bat-min U dc-max and D max The corresponding preset intervals, allowed ranges, and prohibited ranges are shown in Table 1.

[0059] Table 1

[0060]

[0061] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, a reference value i for the AC component of the target battery current is determined. bat-ref-ac This can include: when I bat I a I b I c U bat-max U bat-min and D max All are within their respective allowable ranges, i bat-ref-ac Updated to the sum of the current AC component reference value of the current of the current target battery and the preset current adjustment value; when I bat I a I b I c U bat-max U bat-min and D max If any item falls within its corresponding prohibited range, then i bat-ref-ac Updated to the difference between the current AC component reference value of the current of the current of the current target battery and the preset current adjustment value; when I bat I a I b I c U bat-max Ubat-min and D max If any item exists within its corresponding preset interval and none exists within its corresponding prohibited range, then keep i bat-ref-ac constant.

[0062] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, a reference value i for the DC component of the current of the target battery is determined. bat-ref-dc This can include: when D max Within its corresponding allowable range and U dc-max Within its corresponding allowable range, u dc Reference value u dc-ref Updated to the sum of the current reference value and the preset voltage adjustment value of the DC bus capacitor voltage; when D max Within its corresponding allowable range and U dc-max Within its corresponding prohibited range, u dc-ref Updated to the difference between the current reference value and the preset voltage adjustment value of the DC bus capacitor voltage; when D max Within its corresponding allowable range and U dc-max Within its corresponding preset range, keep u dc-ref Unchanged; according to u dc-ref Determine i bat-ref- d c .

[0063] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, according to i bat-ref-ac and i bat-ref-dc Determine the reference current value i of the first phase winding. a-ref Reference value of current i for the second phase winding b-ref and the current reference value i of the third phase winding c-ref ,include:

[0064] Based on the following formula (1) and the electrical angular position of the motor rotor, i is determined with the principle of minimizing the generated torque pulsation. a-ref i b-ref and i c-ref :

[0065]

[0066] The electrical angle position is the electrical angle. The electrical angle position of the motor rotor is usually referred to as the motor rotor position.

[0067] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, i b-ref and i c-refThe values ​​of both have a certain degree of freedom, but they should be chosen to minimize torque ripple generated by the motor when the battery is heated, avoiding the adverse effects of excessive torque ripple. Therefore, i needs to be determined based on the electrical angle position of the motor rotor. b-ref and i c-ref The electrical angular position of the motor rotor can be measured using rotor position sensors (including but not limited to rotary transformers, rotary Hall effect position sensors, etc.).

[0068] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the generation of bridge arm drive signals provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0069] First, based on the measured i bat u bat u dc D max i a i b and i c Calculate u dc-ref and i bat-re f -ac .

[0070] According to u dc-ref and u dc Calculate i bat-ref-dc .

[0071] According to i bat-ref-dc i bat-ref-ac And θ, calculate i a-ref i b-ref and i c-ref .

[0072] According to u bat i a i b i c ,θ,i a-ref i b-ref and i c-ref Calculate the reference voltage u of the second phase bridge arm b-ref and the reference voltage u of the third phase bridge arm c-ref .

[0073] According to u b-ref u c-ref and u dc Calculate the duty cycle of the second and third phase arms and D. max .

[0074] The drive signals for the second and third phase bridge arms are generated using pulse width modulation (PWM).

[0075] This application's embodiments do not address the calculation of u.dc-ref i bat-ref-ac i bat-ref-dc i a-ref i b-ref i c-ref The method used for calculating the duty cycle is limited, and any available implementation method can be applied to the embodiments of this application. Calculate u dc-ref i bat-ref-ac i bat-ref-dc i a-ref i b-ref i c-ref The calculation method used for the duty cycle can be found in relevant technical documents.

[0076] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, the battery heating method provided in the embodiments of this application may further include: obtaining the target heating current frequency of the target battery; determining the period of the duty cycle waveform of the second phase bridge arm and the third phase bridge arm according to the target heating current frequency; and controlling the switching on and off of the power electronic devices in the second phase bridge arm and the third phase bridge arm according to the period of the duty cycle waveform.

[0077] For example, assuming the target heating current frequency is 500 Hz, the period of the duty cycle waveform of the second and third phase bridge arms can be 1 / 500 = 2 milliseconds (ms). Therefore, the period of the duty cycle waveform controlling the second and third phase bridge arms is 2 ms.

[0078] In the embodiments of this application, an alternating current of a specified frequency can be made to flow through the battery.

[0079] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, the battery heating method provided in the embodiments of this application may further include: obtaining the effective value of the target heating current of the target battery; and controlling the current when heating the target battery according to the effective value of the target heating current.

[0080] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, the effective value of the current flowing through the target battery when heating the target battery can be specified. When the effective value of the current flowing through the target battery when heating the target battery is not the effective value of the target heating current, the current when heating the target battery can be adjusted by adjusting the voltage output of the motor controller.

[0081] The process of heating the battery in this embodiment is as follows:

[0082] First, activate the battery heating device to close K3 and open K1 and K2.

[0083] Measure u dc and u bat , when u dc and u bat When they are close enough, disconnect K3 and close K2.

[0084] When u dc and u bat When they are equal, disconnect K2 and close K1.

[0085] Given the target heating current frequency and the target heating current effective value, and combining the various measurement results, the power electronic devices in the motor controller are controlled to obtain a heating current with the given target heating current frequency and the target heating current effective value.

[0086] When the battery temperature rises to the required temperature, K1, K2, and K3 are turned off and the power electronic devices in the motor controller are stopped from being controlled, meaning that the drive signals for each power electronic device in the motor controller are no longer generated.

[0087] The operating waveform of the battery heating device from startup to stable operation is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the stable operating waveform of the battery heating device is as follows: Figure 6 As shown. Among them, in Figure 6 In this case, the second-phase current and the third-phase current of the motor are equal.

[0088] This application also provides a battery heating unit, such as... Figure 7 As shown. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery heating unit provided in an embodiment of this application. The battery heating unit 700 may include:

[0089] The first control module 701 is used to control the closing of the first switch of the power distribution box in the battery heating device;

[0090] The second control module 702 is used to control the second and third switches in the power distribution box to disconnect in order to heat the target battery.

[0091] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, the battery heating unit 700 provided in the embodiments of this application may further include:

[0092] The first acquisition module is used to acquire the current i of the target battery. bat The voltage u of the target battery bat The voltage u of the DC bus capacitor dc The maximum duty cycle D of the second and third phase arms during the most recent fundamental frequency cycle. max The current i in the first phase winding a The current i in the second phase winding b and the current i of the third phase winding c ;

[0093] The first determining module is used to determine i bat u bat u dcD max i a i b and i c Determine the duty cycle of the second and third phase arms;

[0094] The third control module is used to control the switching on and off of the power electronic devices in the second and third phase bridge arms according to the duty cycle of the second and third phase bridge arms.

[0095] In some possible implementations of embodiments of this application, the first determining module may include:

[0096] The first determining submodule is used to determine i bat i a i b and i c The effective value of current I in the most recent fundamental cycle bat I a I b and I c ;

[0097] The second determining submodule is used to determine u bat The maximum value U in the most recent fundamental frequency period bat-max and minimum value U bat-min ;

[0098] The third determining submodule is used to determine u. dc The maximum value U in the most recent fundamental frequency period dc-max ;

[0099] The fourth determination submodule is used to determine I bat I a I b I c U bat-max U bat-min U dc-max and D max Determine the reference value i of the AC component of the target battery's current. bat-ref-ac and determine the reference value i of the DC component of the target battery current. bat-ref-dc ;

[0100] The fifth determining submodule is used to determine i bat-ref-ac and i bat-ref-dc Determine the reference current value i of the first phase winding. a-ref Reference value of current i for the second phase winding b-ref and the current reference value i of the third phase winding c-re f;

[0101] The sixth determining submodule is used to determine i a-ref i b-refand i c-ref Determine the duty cycle of the second and third phase arms.

[0102] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, the fourth determining submodule may specifically be used for:

[0103] When I bat I a I b I c U bat-max U bat-min and D max All are within their respective allowable ranges, i bat-ref-ac Update to the sum of the current AC component reference value of the current of the current target battery and the preset current adjustment value;

[0104] When I bat I a I b I c U bat-max U bat-min and D max If any item falls within its corresponding prohibited range, then i bat-ref-ac Update to the difference between the current AC component reference value of the current of the current target battery and the preset current adjustment value;

[0105] When I bat I a I b I c U bat-max U bat-min and D max If any item exists within its corresponding preset interval and none exists within its corresponding prohibited range, then keep i bat-ref-ac constant.

[0106] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, the fourth determining submodule may specifically be used for:

[0107] When D max Within its corresponding allowable range and U dc-max Within its corresponding allowable range, u dc Reference value u dc-ref Updated to the sum of the current reference value and the preset voltage adjustment value of the DC bus capacitor voltage; when D max Within its corresponding allowable range and U dc-max Within its corresponding prohibited range, u dc-ref Updated to the difference between the current reference value and the preset voltage adjustment value of the DC bus capacitor voltage; when D max Within its corresponding allowable range and U dc-maxWithin its corresponding preset range, keep u dc-ref constant;

[0108] According to u dc-ref Determine i bat-ref-dc .

[0109] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, the fifth determining submodule may specifically be used for:

[0110] Based on the above formula (1) and the electrical angular position of the motor rotor, i is determined with the principle of minimizing the generated torque pulsation. a-ref i b-ref and i c-ref .

[0111] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, the battery heating unit 700 provided in the embodiments of this application may further include:

[0112] The second acquisition module is used to acquire the target heating current frequency of the target battery.

[0113] The second determining module is used to determine the period of the duty cycle waveform of the second phase bridge arm and the third phase bridge arm based on the target heating current frequency.

[0114] The fourth control module is used to control the switching on and off of power electronic devices in the second and third phase bridge arms according to the period of the duty cycle waveform.

[0115] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, the battery heating unit 700 provided in the embodiments of this application may further include:

[0116] The third acquisition module is used to acquire the effective value of the target heating current of the target battery.

[0117] The fifth control module is used to control the current when heating the target battery based on the effective value of the target heating current.

[0118] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0119] The electronic device may include a processor 801 and a memory 802 storing computer program instructions.

[0120] Specifically, the processor 801 may include a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits that can be configured to implement the embodiments of this application.

[0121] Memory 802 may include mass storage for data or instructions. For example, and not limitingly, memory 802 may include a hard disk drive (HDD), floppy disk drive, flash memory, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, magnetic tape, or Universal Serial Bus (USB) drive, or a combination of two or more of these. Where suitable, memory 802 may include removable or non-removable (or fixed) media. Where suitable, memory 802 may be internal or external to an electronic device. In some specific embodiments, memory 802 is a non-volatile solid-state memory.

[0122] In some specific embodiments, the memory may include read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk storage media devices, optical storage media devices, flash memory devices, and electrical, optical, or other physical / tangible memory storage devices. Therefore, generally, the memory includes one or more tangible (non-transitory) computer-readable storage media (e.g., memory devices) encoded with software including computer-executable instructions, and when the software is executed (e.g., by one or more processors), it is operable to perform the operations described with reference to the battery heating method according to this application.

[0123] The processor 801 reads and executes computer program instructions stored in the memory 802 to implement the battery heating method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0124] In one example, the electronic device may also include a communication interface 803 and a bus 810. Wherein, as... Figure 8 As shown, the processor 801, memory 802, and communication interface 803 are connected through bus 810 and complete communication with each other.

[0125] The communication interface 803 is mainly used to realize communication between various modules, devices, units and / or equipment in the embodiments of this application.

[0126] Bus 810 includes hardware, software, or both, that couples components of an electronic device together. For example, and not limitingly, the bus may include an Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) or other graphics bus, an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, a Front Side Bus (FSB), a Hyper Transport (HT) interconnect, an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, an Infinite Bandwidth Interconnect, a Low Pin Count (LPC) bus, a memory bus, a Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, a PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, a Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) bus, a Video Electronics Standards Association Local Bus (VLB) bus, or other suitable buses, or a combination of two or more of these. Where appropriate, bus 810 may include one or more buses. Although specific buses are described and illustrated in the embodiments of this application, this application considers any suitable bus or interconnection.

[0127] The electronic device can execute the battery heating method provided in the embodiments of this application, thereby achieving the corresponding technical effects of the battery heating method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0128] In addition, in conjunction with the battery heating method in the above embodiments, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium for implementation. This computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions; when these computer program instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the battery heating method provided in this application. Examples of computer-readable storage media include non-transitory computer-readable media, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0129] This application provides a computer program product. When the instructions in the computer program product are executed by the processor of an electronic device, the electronic device performs the battery heating method provided in this application and achieves the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0130] This application also provides a vehicle including the battery heating device provided in this application embodiment.

[0131] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, the vehicle provided in the embodiments of this application may further include at least one of the following items:

[0132] The battery heating unit provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0133] The electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0134] The computer-readable storage medium provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0135] It should be clarified that this application is not limited to the specific configurations and processes described above and shown in the figures. For the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of known methods are omitted here. In the above embodiments, several specific steps are described and shown as examples. However, the method process of this application is not limited to the specific steps described and shown. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications, and additions, or change the order of steps, after understanding the spirit of this application.

[0136] The functional blocks shown in the above-described block diagram can be implemented as hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. When implemented in hardware, they can be, for example, electronic circuits, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), appropriate firmware, plug-ins, function cards, etc. When implemented in software, the elements of this application are programs or code segments used to perform the required tasks. Programs or code segments can be stored on a machine-readable medium or transmitted over a transmission medium or communication link via data signals carried on a carrier wave. "Machine-readable medium" can include any medium capable of storing or transmitting information. Examples of machine-readable media include electronic circuits, semiconductor memory devices, ROM, flash memory, erasable read-only memory (EROM), floppy disks, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical disks, hard disks, fiber optic media, radio frequency (RF) links, etc. Code segments can be downloaded via computer networks such as the Internet, intranets, etc.

[0137] It should also be noted that the exemplary embodiments mentioned in this application describe methods or systems based on a series of steps or apparatus. However, this application is not limited to the order of the above steps; that is, the steps can be performed in the order mentioned in the embodiments, or in a different order, or several steps can be performed simultaneously.

[0138] The aspects of this disclosure have been described above with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this disclosure. It should be understood that each block in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine such that these instructions, executable via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, enable the implementation of the functions / actions specified in one or more blocks of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Such a processor can be, but is not limited to, a general-purpose processor, a special-purpose processor, a special application processor, or a field-programmable logic circuit. It is also understood that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can also be implemented by special-purpose hardware performing the specified functions or actions, or can be implemented by a combination of special-purpose hardware and computer instructions.

[0139] The above description is merely a specific implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, modules, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A battery heating device, characterized in that, The device includes: a three-phase motor, a motor controller, a distribution box, and a DC bus capacitor; The output terminals of the first phase winding, the second phase winding, and the third phase winding of the three-phase motor are respectively connected to the output terminals of the first phase bridge arm, the second phase bridge arm, and the third phase bridge arm of the motor controller. The input terminals of the first phase winding, the second phase winding, and the third phase winding of the three-phase motor are connected together. The output terminal of the first phase winding is also connected to one end of the first switch included in the distribution box; The first input terminals of the first phase bridge arm, the second phase bridge arm, and the third phase bridge arm of the motor controller are respectively connected to one end of the DC bus capacitor, one end of the second switch included in the distribution box, and one end of the resistor included in the distribution box. The other end of the resistor is connected to one end of the third switch included in the distribution box; The second input terminals of the first phase bridge arm, the second phase bridge arm, and the third phase bridge arm of the motor controller are respectively connected to the other end of the DC bus capacitor and the negative terminal of the target battery. The other ends of the first switch, the second switch, and the third switch are all connected to the positive terminal of the target battery. The first switch is used to form a heating circuit with the target battery, the first phase winding, the motor controller, and the DC bus capacitor when the first switch is closed and the second switch and the third switch are open, so as to perform AC self-heating on the target battery.

2. A battery heating method, characterized in that, The method is applied to the battery heating device according to claim 1, and the method includes: Control the first switch to close; The second and third switches are disconnected to heat the target battery.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain the current i of the target battery bat The voltage u of the target battery bat The voltage u of the DC bus capacitor dc The maximum value D of the duty cycle of the second phase arm and the third phase arm during the most recent fundamental frequency period. max The current i of the first phase winding a The current i of the second phase winding b and the current i of the third phase winding c ; According to the i bat The u bat The u dc The D max The i a The i b and the i c Determine the duty cycle of the second phase bridge arm and the third phase bridge arm; Based on the duty cycle of the second phase bridge arm and the third phase bridge arm, the power electronic devices in the second phase bridge arm and the third phase bridge arm are controlled to turn on and off.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, According to the i bat The u bat The u dc The D max The i a The i b and the i c Determining the duty cycle of the second phase arm and the third phase arm includes: Determine the i bat The i a The i b and the i c The effective current values ​​I in the most recent fundamental period bat I a I b and I c ; Determine the u bat The maximum value U in the most recent fundamental period bat-max and minimum value U bat-min ; Determine the u dc The maximum value U in the most recent fundamental period dc-max ; According to the I bat The I a The I b The I c The U bat-max The U bat-min The U dc-max and the D max Determine the reference value i of the AC component of the current of the target battery. bat-ref-ac and determine the reference value i of the DC component of the current of the target battery. bat-ref-dc ; According to the i bat-ref-ac and the i bat-ref-dc Determine the current reference value i of the first phase winding. a-ref The current reference value i of the second phase winding b-ref and the current reference value i of the third phase winding c-ref ; According to the i a-ref The i b-ref and the i c-ref The duty cycles of the second phase bridge arm and the third phase bridge arm are determined.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The reference value i for the AC component of the current of the target battery is determined. bat-ref-ac ,include: When the I bat The I a The I b The I c The U bat-max The U bat-min and the D max All are within their respective allowable ranges, and the i bat-ref-ac Updated to the sum of the AC component reference value of the target battery's current and the preset current adjustment value; When the I bat The I a The I b The I c The U bat-max The U bat-min and the D max If any one of them is within its corresponding prohibited range, then the i bat-ref-ac Updated to the difference between the current AC component reference value of the target battery and the preset current adjustment value; When the I bat The I a The I b The I c The U bat-max The U bat-min and the D max If any item exists within its corresponding preset range and none exists within its corresponding prohibited range, then the i-th condition is maintained. bat-ref-ac constant.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The reference value i for determining the DC component of the current of the target battery. bat-ref-dc ,include: When the D max Within its corresponding allowable range and the U dc-max Within its corresponding allowable range, the u dc Reference value u dc-ref Updated to the sum of the current reference value and the preset voltage adjustment value of the DC bus capacitor; when the D max Within its corresponding allowable range and the U dc-max Within its corresponding prohibited range, the u dc-ref Updated to the difference between the current reference value of the DC bus capacitor voltage and the preset voltage adjustment value; when the D max Within its corresponding allowable range and the U dc-max Within its corresponding preset range, maintain the u dc-ref constant; According to the u dc-ref Determine the i bat-ref-dc .

7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, According to the i bat-ref-ac and the i bat-ref-dc Determine the current reference value i of the first phase winding. a-ref The current reference value i of the second phase winding b-ref and the current reference value i of the third phase winding c-ref ,include: Based on the following formula and the electrical angular position of the motor rotor, the i is determined with the principle of minimizing the generated torque ripple. a-ref The i b-ref and the i c-ref : 。 8. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain the target heating current frequency of the target battery; Based on the target heating current frequency, determine the period of the duty cycle waveform of the second phase bridge arm and the third phase bridge arm; The switching on and off of power electronic devices in the second and third phase bridge arms are controlled according to the period of the duty cycle waveform.

9. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain the effective value of the target heating current of the target battery; The current for heating the target battery is controlled based on the effective value of the target heating current.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicles include: The battery heating device according to claim 1.

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