Integrated punching, grabbing and expanding device for hole forming of high-voltage transmission tower pile foundation

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of pile foundation construction equipment, specifically disclosing an integrated punching, grabbing, and reaming hole-forming device for high-voltage transmission tower pile foundation drilling. This hole-forming device features a reaming unit on the grab bucket body, primarily composed of a mandrel, a reaming drill bit, and a reaming drive device. The mandrel is rotatably mounted between the upper and lower cylinders. The reaming drill bit is mounted on the mandrel via a first telescopic device. The reaming drive device is fixedly mounted inside the upper cylinder and connected to the mandrel via a reaming transmission mechanism, thus enabling the hole-forming device to perform reaming functionality. When reaming is required, the first telescopic device drives the reaming drill bit to extend radially beyond the upper and lower cylinders. Then, the reaming drive device drives the mandrel to rotate the extended reaming drill bit, allowing it to drill with a larger rotation diameter, thereby enlarging the diameter of the drilled pile hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pile foundation construction equipment, specifically relating to an integrated punching, gripping, and expanding hole-forming device for high-voltage transmission tower pile foundation hole forming. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's production level, the demand for electricity resources has also increased dramatically. More and more high-voltage transmission towers need to be built on steep slopes in mountainous areas. Therefore, the stability of the high-voltage transmission tower foundations is particularly important and is a key factor in their stable operation. To ensure the stability of the foundations of high-voltage transmission towers built in mountainous areas, it is necessary to ensure that the foundations have sufficient depth and diameter, for example, foundations with a depth of more than 10m and a diameter of more than 600mm.

[0003] Due to the high transportation costs of φ600mm drilling rigs in the field and their difficulty in adapting to the complex terrain and geology of mountainous areas, construction personnel have considered using grab bucket drilling equipment for pile foundation drilling, especially for micropile foundations. Existing grab bucket drilling equipment generally includes a grab bucket body with bucket segments hinged to its lower end. The grab bucket body also features a bucket segment opening and closing mechanism, which is connected to the bucket segment drive and drives the segments to open and close. Existing grab bucket drilling equipment typically only has punching and grabbing functions, lacking hole enlargement capabilities.

[0004] Although existing grab bucket drilling equipment is convenient for transportation and drilling in mountainous areas, its drilling diameter is limited and it lacks hole-enlarging capabilities. Therefore, the pile holes it produces often cannot meet the diameter requirements of high-voltage transmission tower pile foundations. Manual excavation and hole enlargement are usually required, or the pile foundation holes are excavated manually. Manual excavation or hole enlargement not only carries significant operational risks and safety hazards, but also involves high labor intensity and low construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an integrated punching, grabbing, and expanding hole-forming device for high-voltage transmission tower pile foundation drilling, aiming to solve the problem that existing grab bucket hole-forming devices do not have a hole-expanding function.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a punching, grabbing and expanding integrated hole forming device for high voltage transmission tower pile foundation, including a grab bucket body, wherein the lower end of the grab bucket body is hinged with bucket petals, and the bucket petals are at least three and evenly distributed around the circumference of the grab bucket body;

[0007] The main body of the grab bucket is also equipped with a bucket petal opening and closing mechanism, which is connected to the bucket petal drive and can drive each bucket petal to open and close.

[0008] The grab bucket body is also equipped with a hole-expanding device, which includes a mandrel, a hole-expanding drill bit, and a hole-expanding drive device.

[0009] The grab bucket body includes an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder arranged coaxially, and the lower end of the lower cylinder is the lower end of the grab bucket body;

[0010] The flapper opening and closing mechanism is located inside the lower cylinder;

[0011] The mandrel is disposed between the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder, and its upper and lower ends are rotatably connected to the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder, respectively.

[0012] The reaming drill bit is mounted on the mandrel via a first telescopic device and can extend radially beyond the upper and lower cylinders under the drive of the first telescopic device.

[0013] The hole-reaming drive device is fixedly installed inside the upper cylinder and is connected to the spindle via the hole-reaming transmission mechanism, and can drive the spindle to rotate the hole-reaming drill bit.

[0014] Furthermore, an mounting plate is provided at the upper end of the lower cylinder;

[0015] The bucket-shaped segments are installed at the lower end of the lower cylinder via connecting blocks;

[0016] The connecting block is provided with three connecting parts arranged in a triangle, namely the first connecting part, the second connecting part, and the third connecting part;

[0017] The connecting block is fixedly connected to the bucket petal through its first connecting part, hinged to the lower end of the lower cylinder through its second connecting part, and its third connecting part is connected to the lower part of the mounting plate through a telescopic drive rod.

[0018] The two ends of the telescopic drive rod are respectively hinged to the third connecting part and the mounting plate; all the telescopic drive rods together form the bucket petal opening and closing mechanism;

[0019] When the telescopic drive rod extends, it drives the connecting block to rotate the bucket petals outward around the second connecting part, so that the corresponding bucket petals open; when the telescopic drive rod retracts, it drives the connecting block to rotate the bucket petals inward around the second connecting part, so that the corresponding bucket petals close.

[0020] Furthermore, the mandrel is coaxially arranged with the upper cylinder;

[0021] The reaming drill bit is at least three in number and is evenly distributed around the mandrel in the circumferential direction.

[0022] Furthermore, the hole-reaming device also includes a flexible connector, and any two adjacent hole-reaming drill bits are movably connected through a set of flexible connectors.

[0023] Furthermore, the extendable connector includes a first extendable plate and a second extendable plate that are hinged together, and the outer ends of the first extendable plate and the second extendable plate are respectively hinged to the sides of two adjacent reaming drill bits.

[0024] When the first telescopic device drives the reaming drill bit to fully retract, the sides of any two adjacent reaming drill bits abut against each other and together form a reaming and shrinking cylinder coaxial with the upper cylinder. At this time, both the first extension plate and the second extension plate are inside the reaming and shrinking cylinder.

[0025] When the first telescopic device drives the reaming drill bit to fully extend, each extendable connector unfolds and together with each reaming drill bit forms a reaming extension cylinder coaxial with the upper cylinder.

[0026] Furthermore, the reaming drill bit is an arc-shaped sheet structure with multiple evenly distributed drilling protrusions on its outer surface.

[0027] Furthermore, the hole-expanding drive device is a rotary drive device, which is fixedly mounted inside the upper cylinder by a hole-expanding driver bracket;

[0028] The hole-expanding transmission mechanism includes a hole-expanding drive gear disposed on the drive end of the hole-expanding drive device and a hole-expanding driven gear disposed on the upper end of the spindle, wherein the hole-expanding driven gear and the hole-expanding drive gear mesh with each other.

[0029] Furthermore, the drilling equipment also includes a rotary impact device, which includes a second telescopic device, a drill rod rotation drive device, a drill rod, an anvil, a first one-way crown gear, a second one-way crown gear, a telescopic connecting rod, a strong spring, and a hammer.

[0030] The second telescopic device is vertically installed at the bottom of the mounting plate;

[0031] The drill pipe rotation drive device is located on the drive end of the second telescopic device;

[0032] The drill pipe is disposed on the lower side of the drill pipe rotation drive device and is connected to the drive end of the drill pipe rotation drive device via transmission.

[0033] The anvil is located at the lower end of the drill rod;

[0034] The first one-way crown gear is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the anvil;

[0035] The second one-way crown gear is rotatably mounted on the lower side of the first one-way crown gear via a telescopic connecting rod, and can mesh with the first one-way crown gear when the telescopic connecting rod is retracted;

[0036] The high-strength spring is sleeved on the telescopic connecting rod and abuts against the inner side of the first one-way crown gear and the inner side of the second one-way crown gear, respectively.

[0037] The punch is located at the bottom of the second one-way crown gear, and a drill bit is located at the bottom of the punch.

[0038] Furthermore, the hole-forming device also includes a grab bucket lifting drive assembly; the grab bucket lifting drive assembly includes a first pulley and a second pulley spaced apart in the upper cylinder, a third pulley and a fourth pulley spaced apart in the upper cylinder and located below the first pulley and the second pulley respectively, and a grab bucket rope that sequentially passes around the lower right edge of the first pulley, the lower left edge of the third pulley, the lower right edge of the fourth pulley, and the lower left edge of the second pulley.

[0039] Furthermore, the hole-forming equipment also includes a control terminal and a grab bucket vision system;

[0040] The control terminal is communicatively connected to the bucket petal opening and closing mechanism, the hole expansion device, and the grab bucket vision system, respectively.

[0041] The grab vision system is used to detect physical information at the drilling location of the high-voltage transmission tower pile foundation.

[0042] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0043] (1) The hole-forming equipment is equipped with a hole-reaming device mainly composed of a mandrel, a hole-reaming drill bit and a hole-reaming drive device on the grab bucket body. The mandrel is rotatably set between the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder. The hole-reaming drill bit is set on the mandrel through the first telescopic device. The hole-reaming drive device is fixedly set in the upper cylinder and is connected to the mandrel through the hole-reaming transmission mechanism. Thus, the hole-forming equipment has the function of hole reaming. When hole reaming is required, the first telescopic device is used to drive the hole-reaming drill bit to extend radially beyond the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder. Then, the hole-reaming drive device is used to drive the mandrel to rotate the extended hole-reaming drill bit. This allows the hole-reaming drill bit to drill with a larger rotation diameter, thereby enlarging the diameter of the drilled pile hole and making the enlarged pile hole meet the diameter requirements of the high-voltage transmission tower pile foundation.

[0044] (2) Using this drilling equipment for the construction of high-voltage transmission tower pile foundations not only has strong environmental adaptability, but also helps to improve the efficiency of pile foundation drilling and reduce the intensity of manual labor.

[0045] (3) By setting a rotating impact device, the hole-forming equipment can drill and impact the rock without switching to other hole-forming equipment. Therefore, it can adapt to various rock strata environments such as unstable, weakly stable, moderately stable and stable. Compared with the existing grab hole-forming equipment, it can effectively reduce the risk of the grab getting stuck when it encounters large or hard rocks, and the hole-forming efficiency is also higher, which is conducive to improving its toughness.

[0046] (4) By setting up a control terminal and a grab bucket vision system, this drilling equipment can use the grab bucket vision system to detect the physical information at the drilling location of the high-voltage transmission tower pile foundation, and use the control terminal to control the operation of the bucket flap opening and closing mechanism and the hole expansion device, so as to improve drilling efficiency and ensure the service life of the drilling equipment. Compared with the existing grab bucket drilling equipment, it has certain data processing capabilities and remote control capabilities, higher automation, and is more convenient to use. In addition, the drilling equipment can also be equipped with a self-repair system, and the grab bucket vision system can be used in conjunction with the self-repair system to achieve the toughness of the drilling equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 It is along Figure 1 Sectional view of line AA in the middle;

[0049] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point P in the middle;

[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the bucket lifting drive assembly in the upper cylinder.

[0051] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the hole-expanding device of the present invention in the unfolded state;

[0053] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the orifice expansion device in a contracted state;

[0054] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the hole-expanding device in its unfolded state;

[0055] Figure 9 This is the control flowchart of the present invention;

[0056] The components in the diagram are labeled as follows: grab bucket body 100, upper cylinder 110, lower cylinder 120, mounting plate 121, bucket flap 200, grab bucket teeth 210, connecting block 220, first connecting part 221, second connecting part 222, third connecting part 223, telescopic drive rod 310, reaming device 400, mandrel 410, reaming drill bit 420, drill protrusion 421, reaming drive device 430, first telescopic device 440, reaming transmission mechanism 450, reaming drive gear 451, and reaming driven gear. Wheel 452, extendable connector 460, first extendable plate 461, second extendable plate 462, ceiling component 500, rotating impact device 600, second telescopic device 610, drill rod rotating drive device 620, drill rod 630, anvil 640, first one-way crown gear 650, second one-way crown gear 660, telescopic connecting rod 670, strong spring 680, hammer 690, first pulley 710, second pulley 720, third pulley 730, fourth pulley 740, grab rope 750. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "left," "right," "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for ease of description, not indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention; the term "multiple" refers to three or more; the expression "mainly composed of or constituted by" is interpreted as also including structural components not mentioned in the sentence; "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist, for example: A and / or B, which can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone; the term "toughness" indicates the ability of equipment to recover its shape after being jammed or damaged. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0059] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the integrated punching, grabbing, and expanding hole-forming device for high-voltage transmission tower pile foundation drilling includes a grab bucket body 100. The lower end of the grab bucket body 100 is hinged with bucket petals 200. There are at least three bucket petals 200, which are evenly distributed around the circumference of the grab bucket body 100. The specific number of bucket petals 200 can be selected as needed. It is preferable to set four bucket petals 200, so that the grabbing force can be evenly distributed and the stability and strength of the grabbing can be increased. Moreover, the manufacturing cost is not high and the operation performance is good.

[0060] The bucket 200 is a crucial component of this drilling equipment used for cutting and excavating geological layers. It requires high hardness and wear resistance and is typically made of wear-resistant metals or alloys, preferably wear-resistant steel plates. Grab teeth 210 are usually detachably installed on the outer surface of the lower part of the bucket 200. The grab teeth 210 are used to perform functions such as digging, grabbing objects, and breaking hard rock. They can improve the structural strength of the bucket 200 and are typically made of high-strength metals or alloys, preferably alloy steel, to ensure that they have sufficient wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and high strength.

[0061] The grab bucket body 100 is also equipped with a bucket petal opening and closing mechanism. The bucket petal opening and closing mechanism is connected to the bucket petals 200 and can drive each bucket petal 200 to open and close. The bucket petal opening and closing mechanism can be of various types, such as: reciprocating traction mechanism, cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, electric push rod, motor-driven crank rocker mechanism, etc.

[0062] The grab bucket body 100 is also equipped with a hole-expanding device 400, which includes a spindle 410, a hole-expanding drill bit 420, and a hole-expanding drive device 430.

[0063] The grab bucket body 100 includes an upper cylinder 110 and a lower cylinder 120 arranged coaxially. The lower end of the lower cylinder 120 is the lower end of the grab bucket body 100. In order to facilitate the grab bucket rope 750, energy line, control line, etc. to pass through the grab bucket body 100, a ceiling member 500 is usually provided at the upper end of the upper cylinder 110. The ceiling member 500 has a wire hole inside.

[0064] The flapper opening and closing mechanism is located inside the lower cylinder 120;

[0065] The spindle 410 is disposed between the upper cylinder 110 and the lower cylinder 120, and its upper and lower ends are rotatably connected to the upper cylinder 110 and the lower cylinder 120 respectively. There are various ways to rotatably connect, such as: a connection structure formed by clearance fit of shaft hole, or a connection structure formed by fit of bushing or bearing.

[0066] The reaming drill bit 420 is mounted on the spindle 410 via a first telescopic device 440 and can extend radially beyond the upper cylinder 110 and lower cylinder 120 under the drive of the first telescopic device 440. The first telescopic device 440 is mainly used to drive the reaming drill bit 420 to extend and retract, and it can be a pneumatic push rod, a hydraulic push rod, an electric push rod, or a variety of other types. The reaming drill bit 420 extending radially beyond the upper cylinder 110 and lower cylinder 120 means that after the reaming drill bit 420 extends, it has at least a portion outside the axial projection range of the upper cylinder 110 and lower cylinder 120 respectively.

[0067] The reaming drive device 430 is fixedly installed inside the upper cylinder 110 and is connected to the spindle 410 via the reaming transmission mechanism 450. It can drive the spindle 410 to rotate the reaming drill bit 420. The reaming drive device 430 can generally be fixedly installed inside the upper cylinder 110 by a fixing plate or bracket. It can be a rotary drive device, a linear drive device, a rocking drive device, etc. It only needs to convert the driving action of the reaming drive device 430 into the rotational motion of the spindle 410 through the reaming transmission mechanism 450. The reaming transmission mechanism 450 can be a gear transmission mechanism, a worm gear transmission mechanism, a belt transmission mechanism, a crank rocker mechanism, a crankshaft transmission mechanism, etc.

[0068] When using this drilling equipment for high-voltage transmission tower pile foundation drilling, if hole enlargement is required, the first telescopic device 440 first drives the reaming drill bit 420 to extend radially beyond the upper cylinder 110 and lower cylinder 120. Then, the reaming drive device 430 drives the mandrel 410 to rotate the extended reaming drill bit 420, allowing it to drill with a larger rotation diameter, thereby enlarging the diameter of the drilled pile hole. Using this drilling equipment for high-voltage transmission tower pile foundation drilling not only offers strong environmental adaptability but also improves the efficiency of pile foundation drilling and reduces manual labor intensity.

[0069] Specifically, such as Figure 2As shown, the lower cylinder 120 of the drilling equipment has an mounting plate 121 at its upper end; the bucket 200 is mounted on the lower end of the lower cylinder 120 via a connecting block 220; the connecting block 220 has three triangularly distributed connecting parts, namely a first connecting part 221, a second connecting part 222, and a third connecting part 223; the connecting block 220 is fixedly connected to the bucket 200 via its first connecting part 221, hinged to the lower end of the lower cylinder 120 via its second connecting part 222, and its third connecting part 223 is connected to the lower part of the mounting plate 121 via a telescopic drive rod 310; the two ends of the telescopic drive rod 310 are respectively connected to the third connecting part 223 and the mounting plate. The components are hinged together at 121. Each telescopic drive rod 310 together forms a flapper mechanism. By arranging the first connecting part 221, the second connecting part 222, and the third connecting part 223 in a triangular configuration on the connecting block 220, a crank-connecting rod mechanism or lever mechanism can be formed. This allows the following to be achieved: when the telescopic drive rod 310 extends, it drives the connecting block 220 to rotate the flapper 200 outward around the second connecting part 222, causing the corresponding flapper 200 to open; when the telescopic drive rod 310 retracts, it drives the connecting block 220 to rotate the flapper 200 inward around the second connecting part 222, causing the corresponding flapper 200 to close. Simultaneous extension of each telescopic drive rod 310 allows each flapper 100 to open, and simultaneous retraction of each telescopic drive rod 310 allows each flapper 100 to close. By installing the bucket flap 200 through the aforementioned connecting block 220, the lever ratio can be adjusted by changing the distance between the connecting parts, thereby controlling the maximum opening and closing force of the grab bucket and improving the efficiency of the hole-forming equipment. The telescopic drive rod 310 is mainly used to drive the bucket flap 100 to open and close, and it can be a pneumatic push rod, hydraulic push rod, electric push rod, or other types.

[0070] To improve the stability and cutting effect of reaming drilling, for example... Figure 2 As shown, the mandrel 410 is preferably coaxially arranged with the upper cylinder 110; there are at least three reaming drill bits 420, which are evenly distributed around the mandrel 410 in the circumference. The mandrel 410 can have various structures, preferably a round shaft, and its upper end is generally rotatably connected to the upper cylinder 110 through a first bearing, and its lower end is generally rotatably connected to the lower cylinder 120 through a second bearing.

[0071] Based on the above, considering that drill cuttings may enter the reaming device 400 through the gap between the reaming and drilling components 420 and jam the reaming transmission mechanism 450, therefore, in order to isolate the complex external environment, combined with Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, a preferred embodiment of the hole-reaming device 400 further includes an extendable connector 460, wherein any two adjacent hole-reaming drill bits 420 are movably connected by a set of extendable connectors 460. The extendable connector 460 can be of various types, such as a connecting plate made of shape memory material, a connecting plate made of elastic material, a connecting plate assembly composed of two or more baffles movably connected, etc.

[0072] As another preferred embodiment of the hole-reducing device 400, for example... Figure 8 As shown, the extendable connector 460 includes a first extendable plate 461 and a second extendable plate 462 hinged together. The outer ends of the first extendable plate 461 and the second extendable plate 462 are respectively hinged to the sides of two adjacent reaming drill pieces 420. When the first telescopic device 440 drives the reaming drill piece 420 to fully retract, the sides of any two adjacent reaming drill pieces 420 abut against each other and together form a reaming contraction cylinder coaxial with the upper cylinder 110. At this time, the first extendable plate 461 and the second extendable plate 462 are both inside the reaming contraction cylinder. When the first telescopic device 440 drives the reaming drill piece 420 to fully extend, each extendable connector 460 unfolds and together with each reaming drill piece 420 forms a reaming extension cylinder coaxial with the upper cylinder 110. The reaming extension cylinder is usually cylindrical or quincunx-shaped. The extendable connector 460, which is mainly composed of the first extendable plate 461 and the second extendable plate 462 hinged together, has a simple structure, is easy to install, and has a good blocking effect. It can also enhance the overall structural strength and stability of the entire hole expansion device 400.

[0073] To improve the overall integrity of the reaming device 400 in its contracted state, forming an assembly with the upper cylinder 110 and lower cylinder 120, and thus enhance the drilling efficiency of the hole-forming equipment, for example... Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the reaming drill bit 420 is an arc-shaped sheet structure with multiple evenly distributed drilling protrusions 421 on its outer surface. The protrusions 421 are mainly used for cutting geological layers and can be various shapes such as hemispherical, triangular, trapezoidal, and rectangular.

[0074] To facilitate the rotation of the spindle 410 and ensure the stability of the transmission, for example... Figure 7As shown, the reaming drive device 430 is a rotary drive device, which is fixedly mounted inside the upper cylinder 110 via a reaming driver bracket. The reaming transmission mechanism 450 includes a reaming drive gear 451 mounted on the drive end of the reaming drive device 430 and a reaming driven gear 452 mounted on the upper end of the spindle 410. The reaming driven gear 452 meshes with the reaming drive gear 451. The rotary drive device can be a hydraulic motor, an electric motor, a servo motor, or other types. Among them, a hydraulic motor is a hydraulic power element used to convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy to generate rotational motion. The working principle of a hydraulic motor is based on hydraulic mechanics and fluid dynamics. When hydraulic oil enters the motor through the inlet, the resulting pressure pushes the piston or gear and other drive elements, thereby causing the motor to rotate. The hydraulic oil in the hydraulic motor can change the direction of the fluid flow through a reverse flow valve to achieve bidirectional rotation.

[0075] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, for example... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the drilling equipment also includes a rotary impact device 600, which includes a second telescopic device 610, a drill rod rotary drive device 620, a drill rod 630, an anvil 640, a first one-way crown gear 650, a second one-way crown gear 660, a telescopic connecting rod 670, a strong spring 680, and a hammer 690. The second telescopic device 610 is vertically mounted at the bottom of the mounting plate 121. The drill rod rotary drive device 620 is mounted on the drive end of the second telescopic device 610. The drill rod 630 is mounted below the drill rod rotary drive device 620 and is connected to the drive end of the drill rod rotary drive device 620. The anvil 640 is located at the lower end of the drill rod 630; the first one-way crown gear 650 is fixedly located at the bottom of the anvil 640; the second one-way crown gear 660 is rotatably located below the first one-way crown gear 650 via a telescopic connecting rod 670, and can mesh with the first one-way crown gear 650 when the telescopic connecting rod 670 is retracted; a strong spring 680 is sleeved on the telescopic connecting rod 670 and abuts against the inner side of the first one-way crown gear 650 and the inner side of the second one-way crown gear 660 respectively; a hammer 690 is located at the bottom of the second one-way crown gear 660, and a drill bit is located at the bottom of the hammer 690.

[0076] The second telescopic device 610 is mainly used to drive the other components of the rotating impact device 600 below it to extend and retract downwards, so that the hammer 690 with the drill bit can reach a deeper position to drill and / or impact and break the rock. The second telescopic device 610 can be a pneumatic push rod, a hydraulic push rod, an electric push rod, etc., preferably a hydraulic vibration pressure device mainly composed of an upper cylinder, a guide sleeve, a lower cylinder, a piston, and pin fastening bolts. This hydraulic vibration pressure device is usually used in conjunction with hydraulic devices such as hydraulic pumps, control valves, oil tanks, and high-pressure oil pipes. It can not only control the lifting and lowering of the connected components below, but also apply pressure to the drill bit below, and can also generate a certain impact, playing a key role when rock breaking is required or when the grab bucket is stuck. The drill rod rotation drive device 620 is mainly used to drive the other components of the rotating impact device 600 below it to rotate. It can be a hydraulic motor, an electric motor, a servo motor, etc. The anvil 640 is mainly used to support the drill rod 630 to prevent drilling from going too deep; the one-way crown gear allows power to be transmitted in one direction while prohibiting power transmission in the other direction; the first one-way crown gear 650 and the second one-way crown gear 660 work together to drive the hammer 690 with the drill bit to drill into the rock when the drill rod 630 rotates forward, and rotate relative to each other when the drill rod 630 rotates in reverse and generates a continuous impact force to damage the rock under the lifting action of its cam lifting teeth; the telescopic connecting rod 670 is mainly used to connect the first one-way crown gear 650 and the second one-way crown gear 660 and make their relative distance adjustable; the strong spring 680 is mainly used to drive the second one-way crown gear 660 to reset.

[0077] When the rotary impact device 600 is working, the second telescopic device 610 drives the hammer 690 with the drill bit to descend to the center of the space enclosed by each bucket 200, so that it contacts the rock. Looking from bottom to top, when the drill rod rotary drive device 620 rotates counterclockwise, the first one-way crown gear 650 and the second one-way crown gear 660 rotate relative to each other and generate a continuous impact force under the lifting action of their cam lifting teeth, constantly impacting the rock and achieving a good rock-breaking effect. When the drill rod rotary drive device 620 rotates clockwise, it can be used as an ordinary drill bit. The rotary impact device 600 enables this drilling equipment to drill and impact-break rocks without switching to other drilling equipment or performing rock blasting. Therefore, it can adapt to various rock formation environments such as unstable, weakly stable, moderately stable, and stable. Compared with existing grab bucket drilling equipment, it can effectively reduce the risk of the grab bucket getting stuck when encountering large or hard rocks, and the drilling efficiency is also higher, which helps to improve its toughness.

[0078] Specifically, such as Figure 4As shown, the drilling equipment also includes a grab bucket lifting drive assembly. The grab bucket lifting drive assembly includes a first pulley 710 and a second pulley 720 spaced apart within the upper cylinder 110; a third pulley 730 and a fourth pulley 740 spaced apart within the upper cylinder 110 and located below the first pulley 710 and the second pulley 720, respectively; and a grab bucket rope 750 sequentially wrapped around the lower right edge of the first pulley 710, the lower left edge of the third pulley 730, the lower right edge of the fourth pulley 740, and the lower left edge of the second pulley 720. This grab bucket lifting drive assembly uses four sliding pulleys and the above-mentioned rope winding method, which not only reduces the force on the grab bucket rope 750 by half but also allows for multi-point fixation, distributing the load to different support points. This helps maintain balance, stability, and safety, making the lifting operation of the grab bucket simpler.

[0079] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drilling equipment further includes a control terminal and a grab bucket vision system. The control terminal is communicatively connected to the bucket flap opening and closing mechanism, the hole enlarging device 400, and the grab bucket vision system. The grab bucket vision system is used to detect the physical information at the location of the hole in the high-voltage transmission tower pile foundation. The rotating impact device 600 is also typically communicatively connected to the control terminal. Communication connection refers to the establishment of communication between connected devices through signal transmission and interaction, and can be divided into wired connection and wireless connection. Wired connection is typically a cable, optical fiber, etc.; wireless connection is typically a radio communication, Bluetooth, infrared, NFC, etc. Physical information includes, but is not limited to, parameters such as the texture, hardness, density, cracks, pores, and structure of the soil and / or rock.

[0080] Combination Figure 9 As shown, during operation, when the drilling equipment encounters hard rock that prevents drilling along the path or even gets stuck, the grab bucket vision system detects the rock and transmits its geometric and mechanical characteristics to the control terminal via a communication module. The control terminal then controls the second telescopic device 610 to drive the hammer 690 with the drill bit down to contact the rock. Based on the rock's physical information, specific operational controls are implemented (generally, the harder the rock, the higher the drilling speed or impact frequency) to break the rock, completing the corresponding vibration and impact. Finally, the grab bucket vision system checks whether the rock is broken and continues the drilling operation. When hole enlargement is needed, a sensor detects the location of soft soil, and the first telescopic device 440 is controlled to extend the reaming drill bit 420 radially beyond the upper cylinder 110 and lower cylinder 120. Then, the reaming drive device 430 drives the mandrel 410 to rotate the extended reaming drill bit 420, allowing it to drill with a larger rotation diameter, thus achieving the required hole diameter.

[0081] A grab vision system is a device used to inspect the properties and structure of rocks. Various types are available, but a grab vision system primarily composed of ultrasonic sensors for rock exploration is preferred. Ultrasonic sensors utilize the propagation and reflection characteristics of sound waves to acquire physical information about rocks. An ultrasonic sensor typically includes a transmitter, a receiver, a control system, and a data processing system. It is generally used in non-destructive testing and geological exploration to assess parameters such as rock texture, hardness, density, cracks, porosity, and structure. The working principle of an ultrasonic sensor is based on the propagation and reflection of sound waves within rocks. When sound waves pass through a rock, they are affected by the rock's internal structure and properties, causing changes in the sound wave's speed, propagation path, and attenuation. By measuring parameters such as the sound wave's propagation time, amplitude, and frequency, the characteristics of the rock can be inferred. Typically, the transmitter and receiver of the ultrasonic sensor are mounted on the lower edge of the second telescopic device 610.

[0082] The drilling equipment typically also includes a vehicle body, a mast, and a grab bucket control assembly. A traveling mechanism is located at the bottom of the vehicle body, and a counterweight is located at one end of the vehicle body. The mast is hinged to the other end of the vehicle body and connected to the vehicle body via a mast tilt adjustment mechanism. The grab bucket control assembly includes a winch mounted on the vehicle body and a rope reel rotatably mounted on the mast. There may be one or two grab bucket control assemblies. One free end of the grab rope 750 passes through the rope reel of one set of grab bucket control assemblies and is wound around the drum of its winch. The other free end of the grab rope 750 is fixedly connected to the mast or the vehicle body, or passes through the rope reel of another set of grab bucket control assemblies and is wound around the drum of its winch.

[0083] The traveling mechanism primarily drives the entire drilling equipment, and a tracked traveling mechanism is preferred to adapt to complex terrains such as mountains and plateaus. The mast tilt angle adjustment mechanism is mainly used to adjust the tilt angle of the mast, and it can be of various types. A preferred embodiment of the mast tilt angle adjustment mechanism is as follows: it includes a telescopic component, which is tilted, with its upper end hinged to the mast and its lower end hinged to the equipment vehicle body.

[0084] This drilling equipment can be used for micro-pile drilling and is suitable for drilling pile foundation holes with a diameter not exceeding 600mm; it is especially suitable for drilling cast-in-place pile holes with a diameter of 600mm and a depth of 10m.

[0085] The hole-forming equipment provided by this invention integrates punching, grabbing, and hole-expanding functions, and has a certain degree of toughness. Compared with existing grab bucket hole-forming equipment, it can solve problems such as low hole-forming efficiency, inability to break hard rocks, inability to avoid jamming, inability to monitor and remotely control, inability to expand holes, and lack of toughness when used for hole-forming of high-voltage transmission tower pile foundations.

Claims

1. A punching, grabbing, and expanding integrated hole-forming device for forming holes for high-voltage transmission tower pile foundations, comprising a grab bucket body (100), wherein the lower end of the grab bucket body (100) is hinged with bucket petals (200), wherein there are at least three bucket petals (200) and they are evenly distributed around the circumference of the grab bucket body (100); The grab body (100) is also provided with a grab petal opening and closing mechanism, which is connected to the grab petals (200) and can drive each grab petal (200) to open and close. Its features are: The grab body (100) is also provided with a hole-expanding device (400), which includes a mandrel (410), a hole-expanding drill bit (420), and a hole-expanding drive device (430). The grab bucket body (100) includes an upper cylinder (110) and a lower cylinder (120) arranged coaxially. An mounting plate (121) is provided at the upper end of the lower cylinder (120), and the lower end of the lower cylinder (120) is the lower end of the grab bucket body (100). The lobes opening and closing mechanism is located inside the lower cylinder (120); The spindle (410) is disposed between the upper cylinder (110) and the lower cylinder (120), and its upper and lower ends are rotatably connected to the upper cylinder (110) and the lower cylinder (120) respectively; The reaming drill bit (420) is mounted on the mandrel (410) via the first telescopic device (440) and can extend radially beyond the upper cylinder (110) and lower cylinder (120) under the drive of the first telescopic device (440). The hole-reaming drive device (430) is fixedly installed inside the upper cylinder (110) and is connected to the spindle (410) through the hole-reaming transmission mechanism (450), and can drive the spindle (410) to rotate the hole-reaming drill bit (420). The drilling equipment also includes a rotary impact device (600), which includes a second telescopic device (610), a drill rod rotation drive device (620), a drill rod (630), an anvil (640), a first one-way crown gear (650), a second one-way crown gear (660), a telescopic connecting rod (670), a strong spring (680), and a hammer (690). The second telescopic device (610) is vertically mounted at the bottom of the mounting plate (121); The drill pipe rotation drive device (620) is located on the drive end of the second telescopic device (610); The drill pipe (630) is disposed on the lower side of the drill pipe rotation drive device (620) and is connected to the drive end of the drill pipe rotation drive device (620) for transmission. The anvil (640) is located at the lower end of the drill rod (630); The first one-way crown gear (650) is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the anvil (640); The second one-way crown gear (660) is rotatably disposed on the lower side of the first one-way crown gear (650) via a telescopic connecting rod (670), and can mesh with the first one-way crown gear (650) when the telescopic connecting rod (670) is retracted; The high-strength spring (680) is sleeved on the telescopic connecting rod (670) and abuts against the inner side of the first one-way crown gear (650) and the inner side of the second one-way crown gear (660), respectively. The hammer (690) is located at the bottom of the second one-way crown gear (660), and a drill bit is located at the bottom of the hammer (690).

2. The integrated punching, gripping, and expanding hole-forming equipment for high-voltage transmission tower pile foundation drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lobes (200) are installed at the lower end of the lower cylinder (120) via connecting blocks (220); The connecting block (220) is provided with three connecting parts arranged in a triangle, namely the first connecting part (221), the second connecting part (222) and the third connecting part (223). The connecting block (220) is fixedly connected to the bucket petal (200) through its first connecting part (221), hinged to the lower end of the lower cylinder (120) through its second connecting part (222), and its third connecting part (223) is connected to the lower part of the mounting plate (121) through the telescopic drive rod (310). The two ends of the telescopic drive rod (310) are respectively hinged to the third connecting part (223) and the mounting plate (121); each telescopic drive rod (310) together forms a bucket petal opening and closing mechanism; When the telescopic drive rod (310) extends, it can drive the connecting block (220) to rotate the bucket petals (200) outward around the second connecting part (222) so that the corresponding bucket petals (200) open; when the telescopic drive rod (310) retracts, it can drive the connecting block (220) to rotate the bucket petals (200) inward around the second connecting part (222) so that the corresponding bucket petals (200) close.

3. The integrated punching, gripping, and expanding hole-forming equipment for high-voltage transmission tower pile foundation drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mandrel (410) is coaxially arranged with the upper cylinder (110); The reaming drill bit (420) is at least three in number and is evenly distributed around the mandrel (410) in the circumference.

4. The integrated punching, gripping, and expanding hole-forming equipment for high-voltage transmission tower pile foundation drilling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reaming device (400) also includes a stretchable connector (460), and any two adjacent reaming drill bits (420) are movably connected by a set of stretchable connectors (460).

5. The integrated punching, gripping, and expanding hole-forming equipment for high-voltage transmission tower pile foundation drilling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The extendable connector (460) includes a first extendable plate (461) and a second extendable plate (462) that are hinged together. The outer ends of the first extendable plate (461) and the second extendable plate (462) are respectively hinged to the sides of two adjacent reaming drill bits (420). When the first telescopic device (440) drives the reaming drill (420) to fully retract, the sides of any two adjacent reaming drills (420) abut against each other and together form a reaming shrinking cylinder coaxial with the upper cylinder (110). At this time, the first extension plate (461) and the second extension plate (462) are both inside the reaming shrinking cylinder. When the first telescopic device (440) drives the reaming drill (420) to fully extend, each extendable connector (460) unfolds and together with each reaming drill (420) forms a reaming extension cylinder coaxial with the upper cylinder (110).

6. The integrated punching, gripping, and expanding hole-forming equipment for high-voltage transmission tower pile foundation drilling according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reaming drill bit (420) is an arc-shaped sheet structure with multiple evenly distributed drilling protrusions (421) on its outer surface.

7. The integrated punching, gripping, and expanding hole-forming equipment for high-voltage transmission tower pile foundation drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hole-expanding drive device (430) is a rotary drive device, which is fixedly installed inside the upper cylinder (110) by a hole-expanding driver bracket; The hole-expanding transmission mechanism (450) includes a hole-expanding drive gear (451) disposed on the drive end of the hole-expanding drive device (430) and a hole-expanding driven gear (452) disposed on the upper end of the spindle (410), wherein the hole-expanding driven gear (452) meshes with the hole-expanding drive gear (451).

8. The integrated punching, gripping, and expanding hole-forming equipment for high-voltage transmission tower pile foundation drilling according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It also includes a grab bucket lifting drive assembly; the grab bucket lifting drive assembly includes a first pulley (710) and a second pulley (720) spaced apart in the upper cylinder (110), a third pulley (730) and a fourth pulley (740) spaced apart in the upper cylinder (110) and located below the first pulley (710) and the second pulley (720) respectively, and a grab bucket rope (750) that passes sequentially around the lower right edge of the first pulley (710), the lower left edge of the third pulley (730), the lower right edge of the fourth pulley (740), and the lower left edge of the second pulley (720).

9. The integrated punching, gripping, and expanding hole-forming equipment for high-voltage transmission tower pile foundation drilling according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes the control terminal and the grab vision system; The control terminal is communicatively connected to the bucket flap opening and closing mechanism, the hole expansion device (400), and the grab bucket vision system, respectively. The grab vision system is used to detect physical information at the drilling location of the high-voltage transmission tower pile foundation.

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