Method, device and system for monitoring micro-damage evolution on rock surface

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a kind of monitoring rock surface micro-damage evolution method, device and system, related to rock crack monitoring technical field, the method for monitoring rock surface micro-damage evolution, by collecting the surface image of rock sample in loading process, and by digital image technology processing adjacent time interval surface image obtains the surface displacement field of core sample in loading process and obtains strain field according to displacement field, by displacement field and strain field distribution to realize the real-time scanning detection of micro-damage evolution process of rock in loading compression process, overcome the problem in the related art, lack of monitoring displacement field and strain field distribution in loading process, and lack of monitoring rock micro-damage evolution in loading process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of rock crack monitoring technology, specifically to a method, device, and system for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on rock surfaces. Background Technology

[0002] Among related technologies, some techniques have been able to measure the mechanical properties of rocks using optical non-contact measurement methods, but most of them are limited to describing the initial crack morphology of rocks or evaluating the micro-damage characteristics of rocks after loading. There is a lack of effective means to monitor the real-time distribution of displacement and strain fields during rock loading, and there is a lack of means to monitor the evolution of micro-damage in rocks. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, this application provides a method, apparatus and system for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on rock surfaces, so as to at least solve the problems existing in the related technologies.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on a rock surface, comprising: acquiring surface images of a core sample collected at preset time intervals, wherein the core sample is in a loaded state; processing the surface images at adjacent time intervals based on digital image technology to obtain a displacement field on the surface of the core sample; determining a strain field on the surface of the core sample based on the displacement field; and monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on the surface of the core sample in a loaded state based on the displacement field and the strain field.

[0005] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an apparatus for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on a rock surface, comprising: an acquisition module for acquiring surface images of a core sample collected at preset time intervals, wherein the core sample is in a loaded state; a processing module for processing the surface images at adjacent time intervals using digital image processing technology to obtain a displacement field on the surface of the core sample; a confirmation module for determining a strain field on the surface of the core sample based on the displacement field; and a monitoring module for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on the surface of the core sample in a loaded state based on the displacement field and the strain field.

[0006] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a system for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on a rock surface, comprising: a loading device, an image acquisition device, and an analysis and monitoring device, wherein the analysis and monitoring device is used to perform the method for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on a rock surface as described in the first aspect.

[0007] The image acquisition device is mounted on the core sample and is used to acquire surface images of the core sample at preset time intervals. The loading device holds the core sample and is used to load the core sample until it is damaged. The analysis and monitoring device is used to process surface images at adjacent time intervals based on digital image technology to obtain the displacement and strain fields on the surface of the core sample, and to monitor the evolution of microscopic damage on the surface of the core sample under loading based on the displacement and strain fields. The image acquisition device and the analysis and monitoring device are communicatively connected to obtain surface images acquired and transmitted by the image acquisition device.

[0008] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device comprising: at least one processor and a memory; the processor being configured to execute a computer program stored in the memory to implement the method for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on a rock surface as described in any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0009] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer storage medium storing one or more programs, which can be executed by an electronic device as described in the third aspect to implement the method for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on a rock surface as described in any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0010] This application provides a method, apparatus, and system for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on rock surfaces. By acquiring surface images of rock samples during loading, and processing surface images at adjacent time intervals using digital image processing technology, the surface displacement field of the rock core sample during loading is obtained, and the strain field is obtained based on the displacement field. The distribution of displacement and strain fields enables real-time scanning and detection of the evolution of microscopic damage in rocks during loading and compression. This overcomes the problems in related technologies, which lack monitoring of the distribution of displacement and strain fields during loading and lack monitoring of the evolution of microscopic damage in rocks during loading.

[0011] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of this application, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this application. Other features of this application will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0012] The present application will be described in more detail below based on embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0013] Figure 1 This illustration shows an application environment diagram of a method for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on rock surfaces according to an embodiment of this application;

[0014] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a method for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on a rock surface according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0015] Figure 3 This illustration shows a flowchart of step S120 in a method for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on a rock surface according to an embodiment of this application.

[0016] Figure 4 An example diagram of the displacement and strain fields during a rock loading process, as proposed in one embodiment of this application, is shown.

[0017] Figure 5 This paper presents a comparison image of the mineral cementation and fracture development characteristics of a test core and the calculated displacement and strain fields, as proposed in one embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 6 A structural block diagram of a device for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on a rock surface, according to an embodiment of this application, is shown.

[0019] Figure 7 A structural block diagram of an electronic device for performing a method for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on a rock surface according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0020] Figure 8 A computer-readable storage medium for storing or carrying a method for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on a rock surface according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0022] In related technologies, although some technologies at home and abroad have been able to measure the mechanical properties of rocks using optical non-contact measurement methods, most of them are limited to describing the initial crack morphology of rocks or evaluating the micro-damage characteristics of rocks after loading, and there is a lack of effective means to monitor the real-time distribution of displacement and strain fields during rock loading.

[0023] In the applicant's research on related technologies, the use of binocular stereo vision technology in digital image correlation (DIC) allows for the measurement of the three-dimensional coordinates, displacement, and strain of an object's surface during deformation by tracking speckle images of the object's surface. DIC technology utilizes a camera to capture digital speckle images of the measured planar object's surface before and after deformation, and then obtains the displacement of each point on the object's surface by matching corresponding image sub-regions in the digital speckle images before and after deformation.

[0024] Based on the above, and in response to the exploration of the microscopic damage evolution mechanism of rocks, the applicant has proposed a method, apparatus, and system for monitoring the microscopic damage evolution of rock surfaces according to embodiments of this application. This system can acquire photographs of the rock surface during loading, calculate the displacement field distribution of the rock surface during loading using digital image correlation technology, determine the strain field distribution based on the displacement field, and monitor the microscopic damage evolution of the rock during compression loading in real time by scanning the distribution of the displacement and strain fields. This directly obtains the rock damage evolution process at a microscale, thereby reasonably explaining and predicting the generation of cracks. The method for monitoring the microscopic damage evolution of rock surfaces will be described in detail in subsequent embodiments.

[0025] The following describes the application scenarios of the method for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on rock surfaces provided in the embodiments of this application:

[0026] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the application environment for a method for monitoring the evolution of micro-damage on a rock surface provided in this application embodiment, that is, a system for monitoring the evolution of micro-damage on a rock surface in this application embodiment. In this embodiment, the method for monitoring the evolution of micro-damage on a rock surface can be applied to a system for monitoring the evolution of micro-damage on a rock surface. The system for monitoring the evolution of micro-damage on a rock surface may include a loading device, an image acquisition device, and an analysis and monitoring device.

[0027] The system for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on rock surfaces provided in this application embodiment:

[0028] An image acquisition device is mounted on a core sample and is used to acquire surface images of the core sample at preset time intervals. Exemplarily, the image acquisition device is an optical microscope, and its acquisition accuracy is sufficient to identify the location of rock particles within the core sample. The preset time interval can be 3 seconds per image, but multiple time intervals are also possible, and this application does not limit this.

[0029] A core sample is placed on a loading device to load the core sample until it is destroyed. For example, the loading device can be a uniaxial loading device that provides stable loading to the core sample until it fails.

[0030] The analysis and monitoring device is used to process surface images at adjacent time intervals based on digital image technology to obtain the displacement and strain fields on the surface of the core sample, and to monitor the evolution of surface micro-damage of the core sample under loading based on the displacement and strain fields.

[0031] The analysis and monitoring device may include electronic equipment capable of processing the surface image to obtain displacement and strain fields, and may include terminal devices such as computers and mobile phones.

[0032] The analysis and monitoring device and the image acquisition device are connected in communication to obtain surface images collected and transmitted by the image acquisition device.

[0033] In some embodiments, the system for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on a rock surface may further include: an illumination device,

[0034] The illumination device can be mounted on the core sample and connected to an image acquisition device to provide a stable light source for the image acquisition device to acquire surface images. For example, the illumination device may be... Figure 1 The high-powered searchlight shown provides a stable light source to ensure the stability of the surface images being acquired.

[0035] The various embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on a rock surface, provided in an embodiment of this application. The method may include steps S110 to S150.

[0037] Step S110: Acquire surface images of core samples obtained at preset time intervals, wherein the core samples are in a loaded state.

[0038] In this embodiment, the core sample is set according to the experimental requirements. For example, the core sample can be a 60mm×60mm×60mm cube core cut from rock with a flat surface. The preset time interval is also selected according to the experimental data requirements and can be obtained by collecting data using an optical microscope.

[0039] Step S120: Process surface images of adjacent time intervals using digital image technology to obtain the displacement field of the core sample surface.

[0040] In this embodiment of the application, considering the requirement for real-time scanning monitoring of the micro-damage evolution process, after obtaining a set of core sample surface images at a preset time interval, surface images at adjacent time intervals in the surface image set are selected to calculate more accurate displacement field data to meet the requirements of micro-monitoring.

[0041] Step S230: Determine the strain field on the surface of the core sample based on the displacement field.

[0042] Step S240: Monitor the evolution of surface micro-damage in core samples under loading based on displacement and strain fields.

[0043] In this embodiment, by acquiring photographs of the rock surface during loading, and using digital image correlation technology to calculate the displacement and strain field distributions of the rock surface during loading, real-time scanning and monitoring of the microscopic damage evolution process of the rock during loading is achieved. The rock damage evolution process is directly obtained at the microscale, and the local maximum strain difference threshold value for rock crack initiation and instability can be determined, thereby reasonably explaining and predicting crack generation. At the same time, this invention can also be applied to microscopic experiments on rock fracture under complex working conditions to clarify the microscopic main controlling factors of dolomite strata collapse under complex working conditions. This invention provides effective technical support for the characterization of rock crack development features, mechanical coupling mechanism, and multi-scale collapse mechanism and evaluation research.

[0044] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a flowchart of step S120 in a method for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on a rock surface. Step S120 may include steps S210 to S240.

[0045] Step S210: Divide the target study area in the surface image into multiple sub-regions.

[0046] In this embodiment of the application, after obtaining the surface image, the required target research area is determined according to the needs of use, and it is divided into multiple sub-regions.

[0047] Step S220: Establish a judgment model to confirm the similarity of sub-regions in adjacent time intervals.

[0048] In this embodiment of the application, in order to improve the acquisition of rock damage evolution under microscopic conditions, the similarity of regions is determined by dividing the region to determine whether cracks have occurred in the corresponding region at the microscopic scale.

[0049] Step S230: Identify the same rock grains within the sub-regions that match similarity.

[0050] In this embodiment of the application, similarity can represent the displacement change of the same particle in two consecutive photos. For example, a high degree of similarity means that the displacement change of the same particle in two consecutive photos is smaller, while a low degree of similarity means that the position change of the rock particle is large. The same rock particle in adjacent consecutive photos labeled with the corresponding similarity can be determined by electronic device.

[0051] Step S240: Confirm the displacement field of the core sample surface based on the surface image positions of the same rock particles at adjacent time intervals.

[0052] In this embodiment, by comparing the positions of the same rock particles before and after deformation determined by digital image correlation technology, the displacement of each position on the rock surface in two adjacent images can be obtained, thereby obtaining the displacement field of the rock surface during the loading process.

[0053] In some embodiments, the judgment model includes a first expression or a second expression, wherein:

[0054] The first expression is:

[0055]

[0056] The second expression is:

[0057]

[0058] Where, f(x~ i ,y~ i ) is the grayscale value function of a sub-region in the surface image before micro-deformation, g(x~ i ,y~ i f is a grayscale value function for a sub-region in the surface image after micro-deformation. m g represents the average gray level of the sub-region on the surface of the core sample before deformation. m This represents the average gray level of a sub-region on the surface of the core sample after deformation.

[0059] In some embodiments, determining the strain field on the surface of a core sample based on a displacement field includes: confirming the strain field on the surface of the core sample using a first calculation formula based on the displacement field, wherein the expression of the first calculation formula is:

[0060]

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] Among them, E xx Let E be the diagonal strain tensor in the x-direction. yy Let E be the diagonal strain tensor in the y-direction. xy It is the non-diagonal strain tensor.

[0064] In some embodiments, step S140 may include steps S142 to S144:

[0065] Step S142: Generate a displacement field chromatogram with corresponding colors on the surface image based on the displacement field, and generate a strain field chromatogram with corresponding colors on the surface image based on the strain field.

[0066] Step S144: Monitor the evolution of surface micro-damage in core samples under loading based on displacement field chromatography and strain field chromatography images.

[0067] In the embodiments of this application, the corresponding strain field chromatographic image on the surface image can be obtained by manual or automatic marking to facilitate subsequent observation and experimental comparison and verification.

[0068] The following detailed description of the method, apparatus, and system for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on rock surfaces, in conjunction with the above embodiments, illustrates this application. This embodiment mainly includes the following steps:

[0069] S1. Prepare core samples for the experiment;

[0070] S11: Rock sampling;

[0071] S12: Cut the rock into 60mm×60mm×60mm cube cores with flat surfaces.

[0072] S2. Connect the experimental equipment and install the core;

[0073] S21: Place the core on a uniaxial loading device that can provide stable pressure;

[0074] S22: Place the optical microscope above the core and take pictures at certain time intervals;

[0075] S23: A high-power searchlight is connected above the core sample to improve the stability of the light source and facilitate the acquisition of photographs.

[0076] S3. Load the core until it is damaged, and continuously take photos of the core surface using an optical microscope during the process.

[0077] S31: Use an optical microscope to acquire photographs at time intervals of 3 seconds per image;

[0078] S32: Begin using a uniaxial loading device to apply stable loading to the core until the core fails.

[0079] S4. Using digital core correlation technology, determine the relative displacement of each position on the core surface of two adjacent images to obtain the core surface displacement field and strain field.

[0080] S41. Divide the study area into several sub-regions, and use a correlation function to measure the similarity of different positions in the image before and after deformation. Use this as a basis to match the positions of the same rock particles before and after deformation, and then obtain the displacement field. The correlation function used is one of the two judgment models in the above embodiment.

[0081] CNCC correlation function: Determines correlation using the principle of normalized cross-correlation. The value range is -1 to 1. A CNCC value of 1 indicates a very high correlation.

[0082]

[0083] CNSSD related functions: using the sum of squared errors algorithm, the smaller the value, the more similar the similarity.

[0084]

[0085] S42, Displacement field calculation;

[0086] By comparing the positions of the same rock particles before and after deformation determined by digital image correlation technology, the displacement of each position on the rock surface in two adjacent images can be obtained, thus obtaining the displacement field of the rock surface during the loading process.

[0087] S43, Strain field calculation;

[0088] Using the displacement field obtained in S42 above, the Green-Lagrange strain is calculated (i.e., the first calculation formula in the above embodiment is used for calculation), thereby obtaining the strain field of the rock surface during loading.

[0089] S5. Plotting of displacement and strain fields and analysis of experimental results;

[0090] S51. Using the displacement and strain field data obtained in S4, select appropriate color bar legends and plot the displacement and strain field images on the core surface photographs acquired in S4, thereby obtaining, as shown in the figure. Figure 4 This is an example diagram of the displacement and strain fields during a rock loading process.

[0091] S52. Compare the mineral cementation, crack development, and failure morphology of the core samples used in the comparative experiment with the calculated displacement and strain field images to obtain the following results: Figure 5 The image shown is a comparison of the mineral cementation and fracture development characteristics of the test core with the calculated displacement and strain fields, verifying the accuracy of the calculation results and enabling a reasonable analysis of the experimental results.

[0092] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 This application provides a structural block diagram of a device for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on rock surfaces. The device 300 includes: an acquisition module 310, a processing module 320, a confirmation module 330, and a monitoring module 340, wherein:

[0093] The acquisition module 310 is used to acquire the first location information of the target object and the second location information of the home device.

[0094] The processing module 320 is used to determine the direct blowing angle of the corresponding home appliance toward the target object based on the first position information and the second position information.

[0095] The confirmation module 330 is used to confirm the airflow angle of the home appliance.

[0096] Monitoring module 340 is used to determine the anti-direct-blow angle of home appliances based on the direct-blow angle and the blowing angle.

[0097] It should be noted that the apparatus in the embodiments of this application may also include other modules or the above modules may have other functions, the details of which can be found in the content of the method for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on the rock surface, and will not be repeated here. The apparatus embodiments in this application correspond to the foregoing method embodiments, and the specific principles of the apparatus embodiments can be found in the content of the foregoing method embodiments.

[0098] In the several embodiments provided in this example, the coupling between modules can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms of coupling.

[0099] Furthermore, the functional modules in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing module, or each module can exist physically separately, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module. The integrated modules described above can be implemented in hardware or as software functional modules.

[0100] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 The present application provides a structural block diagram of an electronic device 200 that can perform the above-described method for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on rock surfaces. The electronic device 200 may be a smartphone, tablet computer, computer, or portable computer.

[0101] The electronic device 200 also includes a processor 202 and a memory 204. The memory 204 stores programs that can execute the contents of the foregoing embodiments, and the processor 202 can execute the programs stored in the memory 204.

[0102] The processor 202 may include one or more cores for data processing and message matrix units. The processor 202 connects to various parts of the electronic device 200 using various interfaces and lines, and performs various functions and processes data by running or executing instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets stored in the memory 204, and by calling data stored in the memory 204. Optionally, the processor 202 may be implemented using at least one hardware form of Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or Programmable Logic Array (PLA). The processor 202 may integrate one or more of the following: Central Processing Unit (CPU), Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), and modem / decoder. The CPU primarily handles the operating system, user interface, and applications; the GPU is responsible for rendering and drawing the displayed content; and the modem is used for wireless communication. It is understood that the modem / decoder may also not be integrated into the processor and may be implemented separately through a communication chip.

[0103] Memory 204 may include random access memory (RAM) or read-only memory (ROM). Memory 204 can be used to store instructions, programs, code, code sets, or instruction sets. Memory 204 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for implementing at least one function (e.g., instructions for a user to obtain random numbers), instructions for implementing the various method embodiments described below, etc. The data storage area may also store data (e.g., random numbers) created by the terminal during use.

[0104] Electronic device 200 may also include a network module and a screen. The network module is used to receive and transmit electromagnetic waves, converting electromagnetic waves into electrical signals, thereby enabling communication with communication networks or other devices, such as audio playback devices. The network module may include various existing circuit elements used to perform these functions, such as antennas, radio frequency transceivers, digital signal processors, encryption / decryption chips, SIM cards, memory, etc. The network module can communicate with various networks such as the Internet, corporate intranets, and wireless networks, or communicate with other devices via wireless networks. The aforementioned wireless networks may include cellular telephone networks, wireless local area networks, or metropolitan area networks. The screen can display interface content and facilitate data interaction.

[0105] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 This diagram illustrates a structural block diagram of a computer-readable storage medium according to an embodiment of this application. The computer-readable storage medium 400 stores program code 410, which can be called by a processor to execute the methods described in the above method embodiments.

[0106] The computer-readable storage medium 400 may be an electronic memory such as flash memory, EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), EPROM, hard disk, or ROM. Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium 400 has storage space for program code 410 that performs any of the method steps described above. This program code 410 can be read from or written to one or more computer program products. The program code 410 may, for example, be compressed in a suitable form.

[0107] This application also provides a computer program product or computer program that includes computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium 400. A processor of a computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium 400, and the processor 202 executes the computer instructions, causing the computer device to perform the method for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on a rock surface as described in the various optional implementations above.

[0108] In summary, the method, apparatus, and system for monitoring the micro-damage evolution of rock surfaces according to the embodiments of this application can acquire photographs of the rock surface during loading, and calculate the displacement and strain field distributions of the rock surface during loading using digital image correlation technology. This enables real-time scanning and monitoring of the micro-damage evolution process of rocks during compression, which is of great significance for revealing the mechanism of rock damage evolution.

[0109] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on a rock surface, characterized in that, The method includes: Acquire surface images of core samples obtained at preset time intervals, wherein the core samples are in a loaded state; The surface images at adjacent time intervals are processed using digital image processing technology to obtain the displacement field of the core sample surface; The strain field on the surface of the core sample is determined based on the displacement field. The evolution of surface micro-damage in the core sample under loading was monitored based on the displacement field and the strain field. The monitoring of the surface micro-damage evolution of the core sample under loading based on the displacement field and the strain field includes: A displacement field chromatographic image of corresponding color is generated on the surface image based on the displacement field, and a strain field chromatographic image of corresponding color is generated on the surface image based on the strain field. The evolution of surface micro-damage in the core sample under loading was monitored based on the displacement field chromatographic image and the strain field chromatographic image. The monitoring of the surface micro-damage evolution of the core sample under loading is used to directly obtain the rock damage evolution process at a microscale, so as to determine the local maximum strain difference threshold value for rock crack initiation and instability.

2. The method for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on rock surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of processing surface images at adjacent time intervals using digital image technology to obtain the displacement field of the core sample surface includes: The target study area in the surface image is divided into multiple sub-regions; Establish a judgment model to confirm the similarity of the sub-regions in adjacent time intervals; Identify the same rock grain within the sub-region that matches the similarity; The displacement field of the core sample surface was confirmed based on the surface image position of the same rock grain at adjacent time intervals.

3. The method for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on rock surfaces according to claim 2, characterized in that, The judgment model includes a first expression or a second expression, wherein: The first expression is: ； The second expression is: ； in, Let be the grayscale value function of a sub-region in the surface image before micro-deformation. This is a function of the grayscale values ​​of a sub-region in the surface image after micro-deformation. This represents the average gray level of a sub-region on the surface of the core sample before deformation. This represents the average gray level of a sub-region on the surface of the core sample after deformation.

4. The method for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on rock surfaces according to claim 3, characterized in that, Determining the strain field on the surface of the core sample based on the displacement field includes: confirming the strain field on the surface of the core sample using a first calculation formula based on the displacement field, wherein the expression of the first calculation formula is: ； ； ； Among them, E xx Let E be the diagonal strain tensor in the x-direction. yy Let E be the diagonal strain tensor in the y-direction. xy It is the non-diagonal strain tensor.

5. A device for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on a rock surface, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire surface images of core samples collected at preset time intervals, wherein the core samples are in a loading state; The processing module is used to process the surface images at adjacent time intervals based on digital image technology to obtain the displacement field of the core sample surface; A confirmation module is used to determine the strain field on the surface of the core sample based on the displacement field. The monitoring module is used to monitor the evolution of surface micro-damage of the core sample under loading based on the displacement field and the strain field; The monitoring module is further configured to: A displacement field chromatographic image of corresponding color is generated on the surface image based on the displacement field, and a strain field chromatographic image of corresponding color is generated on the surface image based on the strain field. The evolution of surface micro-damage in the core sample under loading was monitored based on the displacement field chromatographic image and the strain field chromatographic image. The monitoring of the surface micro-damage evolution of the core sample under loading is used to directly obtain the rock damage evolution process at a microscale, so as to determine the local maximum strain difference threshold value for rock crack initiation and instability.

6. A system for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on rock surfaces, characterized in that, include: The system includes a loading device, an image acquisition device, and an analysis and monitoring device, wherein the analysis and monitoring device is used to perform the method for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on a rock surface as described in any one of claims 1 to 4; The image acquisition device is mounted on the core sample and is used to acquire surface images of the core sample at preset time intervals. The loading device holds a core sample and is used to load the core sample until it is destroyed. The analysis and monitoring device and the image acquisition device are connected in communication to obtain surface images acquired and transmitted by the image acquisition device.

7. The system for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on rock surfaces according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: lighting fixtures; The lighting device is installed on the core sample and connected to the image acquisition device to provide a stable light source for the image acquisition device to acquire surface images.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; Memory; One or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs being configured to perform the method for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on a rock surface as described in any one of claims 1-4.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores program code that can be invoked by one or more processors to execute the method for monitoring the evolution of microscopic damage on a rock surface as described in any one of claims 1-4.

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