An experimental device capable of decoupling the influence of multiple factors on actual gun ablation

Abstract

This invention discloses an experimental device for decoupling the multi-factor influence of actual artillery ablation. It includes a gas storage module connected to a back pressure valve, which in turn connects to a heating and pressurizing module. A simulated gun barrel is installed at the end of the heating and pressurizing module. The heating and pressurizing module includes an insulation box containing a carbon fiber tube. Both ends of the carbon fiber tube are equipped with solenoid valves, and heating rods and thermocouples are installed inside the tube. The insulation box is equipped with a pressure detection module and a temperature sensor at the outlet of the heating and pressurizing module. This invention, employing the aforementioned experimental device for decoupling the multi-factor influence of actual artillery ablation, can effectively simulate the high-temperature, high-pressure, and multi-component gas environment formed by propellant combustion during artillery ablation. It allows for more efficient and safer testing and analysis of the effects of single factors such as temperature, pressure, and gas composition, as well as the coupled effects of multiple factors, on artillery ablation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of material ablation and wear coupling test technology, and in particular to an experimental device that can decouple and study the multi-factor influence of actual artillery ablation. Background Technology

[0002] Barrel ablation is the result of the simultaneous action of chemical ablation, mechanical ablation, and thermal ablation, with thermal ablation considered the primary cause. The temperature of the propellant combustion gases in artillery chambers reaches 2000-3000K, with a roughly uniform distribution. The highest temperature on the inner wall reaches approximately 1300K, and the internal ballistic duration is about 20ms. Currently, engineering relies mainly on target testing for artillery life assessment, which is costly and time-consuming. Laboratories also have sealed (patents [201810041394.3], [201811524226.6]) and semi-sealed explosion test devices to simulate the high temperature, high pressure, and erosion conditions of gunpowder, allowing for preliminary evaluation of the material's resistance to gunpowder ablation or the ablation performance of special gunpowder. However, sealed or semi-sealed explosion tests require gunpowder detonation to obtain the pressure curve of the propellant explosion, followed by analysis of characteristic parameters such as detonation temperature, detonation pressure, and detonation velocity. Simultaneously, the amount of ablation is obtained by measuring the mass reduction of the wall surface, forming an ablation model. The experiment carries inherent risks and lacks decoupling studies of different factors (temperature, pressure, and airflow velocity). Other commonly used ablation simulation methods, including the oxy-acetylene flame method, laser stagnation method, and arc ablation method, primarily examine thermal ablation effects but cannot simulate the high-temperature, high-pressure ablation environment of artillery barrels under varying gas compositions, making it impossible to determine the key causes of ablation. Therefore, to more effectively guide the development of high-performance propellants and reduce ablation of the barrel wall, it is essential to invent a faster, more efficient, and safer device and method to simulate the ablation of the barrel under decoupled conditions of different factors (temperature, pressure, and airflow velocity) during actual operation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an experimental device that can decouple the study of the multi-factor influence of actual artillery ablation. It can effectively simulate the high temperature and high pressure environment during the artillery ablation process, and can more efficiently and safely conduct experiments and analyses on the effects of various factors on artillery ablation.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an experimental device for decoupled study of the multi-factor influence of actual artillery ablation, comprising a gas storage module, wherein the gas outlet of the gas storage module is connected to a back pressure valve through a gas supply pipeline, the gas outlet of the back pressure valve is connected to a heating and pressurizing module through the gas supply pipeline, a steam generator is connected to the gas supply pipeline between the back pressure valve and the heating and pressurizing module, and a simulated gun barrel is provided at the gas outlet of the heating and pressurizing module;

[0005] The heating and pressurizing module includes an insulation box, inside which a carbon fiber tube is installed. Solenoid valves are installed at both ends of the carbon fiber tube, and heating rods and thermocouples are installed inside the carbon fiber tube. The insulation box is equipped with a pressure detection module and a temperature sensor that enter the outlet of the heating and pressurizing module.

[0006] Preferably, the gas storage module includes several gas storage cylinders, a precision flow valve, a pressure transmitter, and a main gas flow valve; each gas storage cylinder is provided with a precision flow valve at its outlet, and each precision flow valve is provided with a pressure transmitter on its outer side and connected to the gas transmission pipeline; the main gas flow valve is provided on the gas transmission pipeline at the outlet end of the gas storage module.

[0007] Preferably, the gases stored in the gas storage cylinders include, but are not limited to, CO, CO2, N2, and H2.

[0008] Preferably, a first vacuum pump is connected to the gas delivery pipeline between the main gas flow valve and the back pressure valve.

[0009] Preferably, the precision flow valve is provided at the outlet of the steam generator, and a second vacuum pump is connected to the gas supply pipeline between the back pressure valve and the heating and pressurizing module.

[0010] Preferably, the pressure detection module is a main pressure transmitter.

[0011] Preferably, an experimental method for an experimental apparatus capable of decoupling the effects of multiple factors on the ablation of actual artillery includes the following steps:

[0012] S1. Check the status of the device and measure the initial weight of the simulated gun barrel;

[0013] S2. Turn on the vacuum pump to evacuate the gas pipeline to a vacuum state, so that the gas to be prepared later is the target gas component;

[0014] S3. Combine the closed burst device to collect the high-temperature and high-pressure gas formed by the combustion of the propellant, and combine the relevant data with gas chromatography (GC) to determine the composition of the combustion gas after the propellant combustion.

[0015] Prepare single-component gases or prepare mixed gases according to the proportions of the gas components formed by the combustion of propellant based on the partial pressure method;

[0016] Simultaneously, according to the research requirements of single-component research or multi-component proportional gas mixing research, water vapor is introduced into the carbon fiber tube in the heat preservation box; in order to ensure that the water vapor is in a gaseous state, the gas transmission pipe from the water vapor generator outlet to the heat preservation box needs to be wrapped with heating tape and heat preservation tape to ensure that the water vapor enters the carbon fiber tube in a gaseous state.

[0017] S4. Increase the gas pressure to 30-35MPa by passing the prepared single substance or mixture of components in different proportions through the back pressure valve.

[0018] S5. The mixed gas is controlled by a solenoid valve to enter the carbon fiber tube for heating to 1000K-2500K. As the temperature of the mixed gas increases, the pressure also increases proportionally. The pressure and temperature of the mixed gas after heating are measured by a pressure transmitter and a thermocouple. The temperature and pressure here are calculated in advance according to the research needs to realize the study of the influence of different temperature and pressure changes on the ablation characteristics of the barrel.

[0019] S6. The heated mixed gas is controlled by an electromagnetic valve to enter the simulated gun barrel instantly and scour the simulated gun barrel wall to complete a simulated ablation.

[0020] S7. Repeat steps S1-S6 until the target number of scouring cycles is reached. Weigh the simulated barrel and simultaneously obtain the ablation structure of the simulated barrel wall. Combine high-magnification TEM, EDS, and metallographic analysis to obtain the microstructure, elemental composition, and metal microstructure of the simulated barrel ablation structure. This will establish a quantitative relationship between gas composition, temperature, pressure parameters, and ablation amount. It will also obtain the evolution law of ablation characteristics under different gas compositions, temperatures, and pressures, thereby effectively guiding the development of propellants and promoting the understanding of the actual barrel ablation mechanism.

[0021] Therefore, the present invention employs the above-mentioned experimental device that can decouple the study of the multi-factor influence of actual artillery ablation, which can effectively simulate the high temperature, high pressure and multi-component gas environment formed by the combustion of propellant during artillery ablation. It can more efficiently and safely conduct experiments and analyses on the influence of various factors such as temperature, pressure and gas composition on artillery ablation.

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an experimental device for decoupling the effects of multiple factors on the ablation of actual artillery, according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure Labels

[0025] 1. Gas storage cylinder; 2. First vacuum pump; 21. Second vacuum pump; 3. Back pressure valve; 4. Steam generator; 5. Insulation box; 6. Solenoid valve; 7. Heating rod; 8. Carbon fiber tube; 9. Main pressure transmitter; 10. Temperature sensor; 11. Thermocouple; 12. Simulated gun barrel; 13. Precision flow valve; 14. Slave pressure transmitter; 15. Main gas flow valve. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an experimental device for decoupling the study of the multi-factor influence of actual artillery ablation, including a gas storage module, which includes a gas storage cylinder 1, a precision flow valve 13, a pressure transmitter 14, and a main gas flow valve 15.

[0030] There are four gas storage cylinders 1, each containing CO, CO2, N2, and H2 respectively. Each gas storage cylinder 1 has a precision flow valve 13 at its outlet, which precisely controls the amount of gas released. Each precision flow valve 13 is connected to a pressure transmitter 14 via a gas delivery pipeline. After the gas is released from the gas storage cylinder 1, it flows through the pressure transmitter 14, allowing for accurate real-time pressure measurement to ensure the gas flows smoothly into the delivery pipeline. A main gas flow valve 15 is located on the gas delivery pipeline at the outlet end of the gas storage module, controlling the gas delivery status of the entire gas storage module. Depending on the experimental requirements, a mixture of single gas components or a mixture based on the partial pressure method, proportioned according to the combustion gas components of the propellant, can be prepared. It can not only conduct experiments on the effects of elemental gases on the ablation of the barrel wall, but also on the effects of gas components after combustion of different propellants on the ablation of the barrel wall. The experimental results can provide effective guidance for the subsequent production of propellants.

[0031] The outlet of the main gas flow valve 15 is connected to a back pressure valve 3 via a gas delivery pipeline. The gas is initially pressurized after passing through the back pressure valve 3. A first vacuum pump 2 is connected to the gas delivery pipeline between the main gas flow valve 15 and the back pressure valve 3. Turning on the first vacuum pump 2 can evacuate the gas delivery pipeline to a vacuum state, which can make the target gas components of the prepared mixed gas more accurate and minimize experimental errors.

[0032] The outlet of the back pressure valve 3 is connected to a heating and pressurizing module via a gas supply pipeline. A steam generator 4 is connected to the gas supply pipeline between the back pressure valve 3 and the heating and pressurizing module. A precision flow valve 13 is installed at the outlet of the steam generator 4 to precisely control the amount of water vapor added to the mixed gas. A second vacuum pump 21 is connected to the gas supply pipeline between the back pressure valve 3 and the heating and pressurizing module, which also serves to evacuate the gas supply pipeline to a vacuum, ensuring that the composition of the mixed gas in the experiment is as accurate as possible to reduce experimental errors.

[0033] The heating and pressurizing module includes an insulation box 5, inside which a carbon fiber tube 8 is installed. Various gases are mixed within the carbon fiber tube 8, and the mixture is heated and pressurized. Due to its outstanding high-temperature and high-pressure resistance, the carbon fiber tube 8 is ideally suited for heating and pressurizing the mixed gas in this device. Solenoid valves 6 are installed at both ends of the carbon fiber tube 8. The solenoid valves 6 used in this device also possess high-temperature and high-pressure resistance characteristics, and their on / off state can be remotely controlled to achieve the injection and pressurization of the mixed gas inside the carbon fiber tube 8.

[0034] A heating rod 7 and a thermocouple 11 are installed inside the carbon fiber tube 8. The heating rod 7 is used to rapidly heat the mixed gas inside the carbon fiber tube 8. As the temperature of the mixed gas rises, the pressure of the mixed gas also increases proportionally due to the sealed state of the carbon fiber tube 8, thus effectively simulating the high-temperature and high-pressure environment during artillery firing. The thermocouple 11, also located inside the carbon fiber tube 8, can accurately monitor the temperature of the internal mixed gas in real time, allowing the operator to know whether the temperature of the mixed gas has reached the preset test requirements.

[0035] The insulation chamber 5 is also equipped with a pressure detection module and a temperature sensor 10 at the outlet of the heating and pressurizing module, and a simulated barrel 12 is installed at the outlet of the heating and pressurizing module. The pressure detection module is a main pressure transmitter 9. The main pressure transmitter 9 can accurately measure the pressure of the mixed gas before it enters the simulated barrel 12, while the temperature sensor 10 measures the temperature of the mixed gas before it enters the simulated barrel 12, allowing the operator to check whether the final test conditions have met the test requirements. If not, adjustments can be made to the heating and pressurizing parameters in a timely manner. Simultaneously, different temperature and pressure parameters for the mixed gas can be set according to test requirements to study the impact of temperature and pressure parameters on the test results.

[0036] An experimental method for a decoupled experimental apparatus for studying the multi-factor effects of ablation in actual artillery, comprising the following steps:

[0037] S1. Check the status of the device and measure the initial weight of the simulated gun barrel;

[0038] S2. Turn on the vacuum pump to evacuate the gas pipeline to a vacuum state, so that the gas to be prepared later is the target gas component;

[0039] S3. Combine the closed burst device to collect the high-temperature and high-pressure gas formed by the combustion of the propellant, and combine the relevant data with gas chromatography (GC) to determine the composition of the combustion gas after the propellant combustion.

[0040] Prepare single-component gases or prepare mixed gases according to the proportions of the gas components formed by the combustion of propellant based on the partial pressure method;

[0041] Simultaneously, according to the research requirements of single-component research or multi-component proportional gas mixing research, water vapor is introduced into the carbon fiber tube in the heat preservation box; in order to ensure that the water vapor is in a gaseous state, the gas transmission pipe from the water vapor generator outlet to the heat preservation box needs to be wrapped with heating tape and heat preservation tape to ensure that the water vapor enters the carbon fiber tube in a gaseous state.

[0042] S4. Increase the gas pressure to 30-35MPa by passing the prepared single substance or mixture of components in different proportions through the back pressure valve.

[0043] S5. The mixed gas is controlled by a solenoid valve to enter the carbon fiber tube for heating to 1000K-2500K. As the temperature of the mixed gas increases, the pressure also increases proportionally. The pressure and temperature of the mixed gas after heating are measured by a pressure transmitter and a thermocouple. The temperature and pressure here are calculated in advance according to the research needs to realize the study of the influence of different temperature and pressure changes on the ablation characteristics of the barrel.

[0044] S6. The heated mixed gas is controlled by an electromagnetic valve to enter the simulated gun barrel instantly and scour the simulated gun barrel wall to complete a simulated ablation.

[0045] S7. Repeat steps S1-S6 until the target number of scouring cycles is reached. Weigh the simulated barrel and simultaneously obtain the ablation structure of the simulated barrel wall. Combine high-magnification TEM, EDS, and metallographic analysis to obtain the microstructure, elemental composition, and metal microstructure of the simulated barrel ablation structure. This will establish a quantitative relationship between gas composition, temperature, pressure parameters, and ablation amount. It will also obtain the evolution law of ablation characteristics under different gas compositions, temperatures, and pressures, thereby effectively guiding the development of propellants and promoting the understanding of the actual barrel ablation mechanism.

[0046] Therefore, the present invention employs the above-mentioned experimental device that can decouple the study of the multi-factor influence of actual artillery ablation, which can effectively simulate the high temperature, high pressure and multi-component gas environment formed by the combustion of propellant during artillery ablation. It can more efficiently and safely conduct experiments and analyses on the influence of various factors such as temperature, pressure and gas composition on artillery ablation.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental device capable of decoupling the effects of multiple factors on the ablation of a real gun, characterized in that: It includes a gas storage module, the gas outlet of which is connected to a back pressure valve via a gas supply pipeline, the gas outlet of which is connected to a heating and pressurizing module via the gas supply pipeline, a steam generator is connected to the gas supply pipeline between the back pressure valve and the heating and pressurizing module, and a simulated cannon barrel is provided at the gas outlet of the heating and pressurizing module. The heating and pressurizing module includes an insulation box, inside which a carbon fiber tube is installed. Solenoid valves are installed at both ends of the carbon fiber tube, and heating rods and thermocouples are installed inside the carbon fiber tube. The insulation box is equipped with a pressure detection module and a temperature sensor that enter the outlet of the heating and pressurizing module. The gas storage module includes several gas cylinders, precision flow valves, pressure transmitters, and main gas flow valves; each gas cylinder is equipped with a precision flow valve at its outlet, and each precision flow valve is equipped with a pressure transmitter on its outer side and connected to the gas transmission pipeline; the main gas flow valve is located on the gas transmission pipeline at the outlet end of the gas storage module. The gases stored in the gas cylinders include CO, CO2, N2, and H2. A first vacuum pump is connected to the gas delivery pipeline between the main gas flow valve and the back pressure valve. A precision flow valve is installed at the outlet of the steam generator, and a second vacuum pump is connected to the gas pipeline between the back pressure valve and the heating and pressurizing module. The experimental method of the experimental apparatus includes the following steps: S1. Check the status of the device and measure the initial weight of the simulated gun barrel; S2. Turn on the vacuum pump to evacuate the gas pipeline to a vacuum state, so that the gas to be prepared later is the target gas component; S3. Combine the closed burst device to collect the high-temperature and high-pressure gas formed by the combustion of the propellant, and combine the relevant data with gas chromatography (GC) to determine the composition of the combustion gas after the propellant combustion. Prepare single-component gases or prepare mixed gases according to the proportions of the gas components formed by the combustion of propellant based on the partial pressure method; Simultaneously, according to the research requirements of single-component research or multi-component proportional gas mixing research, water vapor is introduced into the carbon fiber tube in the heat preservation box; in order to ensure that the water vapor is in a gaseous state, the gas transmission pipe from the water vapor generator outlet to the heat preservation box needs to be wrapped with heating tape and heat preservation tape to ensure that the water vapor enters the carbon fiber tube in a gaseous state. S4. Increase the gas pressure to 30-35MPa by passing the prepared single substance or mixture of components in different proportions through the back pressure valve. S5. The mixed gas is controlled by a solenoid valve to enter the carbon fiber tube for heating to 1000K-2500K. As the temperature of the mixed gas increases, the pressure also increases proportionally. The pressure and temperature of the mixed gas after heating are measured by a pressure transmitter and a thermocouple. The temperature and pressure here are calculated in advance according to the research needs to realize the study of the influence of different temperature and pressure changes on the ablation characteristics of the barrel. S6. The heated mixed gas is controlled by an electromagnetic valve to enter the simulated gun barrel instantly and scour the simulated gun barrel wall to complete a simulated ablation. S7. Repeat steps S1-S6 until the target number of scouring cycles is reached. Weigh the simulated barrel and simultaneously obtain the ablation structure of the simulated barrel wall. Combine high-magnification TEM, EDS, and metallographic analysis to obtain the microstructure, elemental composition, and metal microstructure of the simulated barrel ablation structure. This will establish a quantitative relationship between gas composition, temperature, pressure parameters, and ablation amount. It will also obtain the evolution law of ablation characteristics under different gas compositions, temperatures, and pressures, thereby effectively guiding the development of propellants and promoting the understanding of the actual barrel ablation mechanism.

2. The experimental device for decoupling and studying the influence of multiple factors on the actual gun ablation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure detection module is the main pressure transmitter.

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