A three-frequency-band wave-transparent and multi-frequency-band wave-absorbing integrated metamaterial structure
By cascading and arranging a three-band integrated loss layer for wave transmission and absorption, combined with a low insertion loss structure, the problem of difficulty in simultaneously achieving multi-band wave transmission and dual polarization in existing technologies is solved. This achieves low-profile, dual-polarization three-band wave transmission and multi-band wave absorption effects, reducing the cost and size of communication equipment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- XIDIAN UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2023-08-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing integrated wave-absorbing and wave-transmitting units are difficult to achieve multi-band wave transmission, dual polarization, and low profile simultaneously, resulting in large size and high cost of communication equipment.
By cascading three-band wave transmission and low-frequency wave absorption integrated loss layer and three-band wave transmission and high-frequency wave absorption integrated loss layer, combined with a low insertion loss three-band wave transmission structure, a low-profile, dual-polarization three-band wave transmission and multi-frequency wave absorption effect can be achieved.
It achieves low profile, dual polarization, tri-frequency wave transmission and multi-frequency wave absorption, reducing the design cost and size of communication equipment and improving stealth performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN117317603B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of wave-absorbing and wave-transmitting metamaterials, specifically to a wave-absorbing and wave-transmitting integrated metamaterial structure that transmits waves in three frequency bands and absorbs waves in multiple frequency bands. Background Technology
[0002] With the increasing integration of radar systems into multi-band communication, the issues of efficient electromagnetic wave transmission and stealth within these bands have become research hotspots. While using multiple independent communication systems to construct multi-band communication equipment, and designing integrated penetration-absorbing metamaterial units tailored to the characteristics of each system, would reduce the design difficulty for transmission and stealth requirements, it would necessitate larger space and multiple stealth coatings, significantly increasing the design complexity and cost of weapon platforms. Introducing multi-band transparent penetration-absorbing metamaterial units can enable the application of integrated communication systems, reducing the size and cost of communication equipment.
[0003] Conventional integrated absorption and transmission units, while achieving multi-band absorption, often cannot simultaneously maintain dual-polarization response and multi-band transmission capabilities. If we could integrate dual-polarization, multi-band transmission, and multi-band absorption functions, we could significantly reduce the design cost, size, and overall cost of communication systems, expand their application scenarios, and improve stealth performance.
[0004] In recent years, academia and industry have proposed various design schemes for integrated wave absorption and transmission units, among which representative ones include hybrid resonant structures and multi-reflector layer structures. The problem with most of these works is that they cannot simultaneously integrate multi-band wave absorption, multi-band wave transmission, dual polarization, and ground profile performance.
[0005] In AWPL published in 2021, Aditi Sharma et al. proposed a resonator structure consisting of a capacitor-inductor-capacitor in series (Reference [1]: A. Sharma, S. Malik, S. Ghosh and KV Vrivastava, "AMiniaturized Frequency Selective Rasorber With Independently Regulated Selective Dual-Transmission Response," in IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol.21, no.2, pp.257-261, Feb.2022.) which realizes the function of dual-polarization dual-frequency transmission. This structure uses a single-layer dual-frequency transmission and absorption integrated structure paired with a frequency selective surface. Although it can realize the dual-frequency dual-polarization transmission function and achieve a certain absorption effect in the out-of-band, the bandwidth and resonance depth in the absorption band are still insufficient, and the bandwidth of the transmission band is narrow and the loss is large.
[0006] In response to the problems of dual-polarized multi-frequency wave transmission and broadband wave absorption, Shi Yan et al. applied for an invention patent in 2022 entitled "A Frequency Selective Metasurface Structure with Dual Wave Transmission Bands and Three Wave Absorption Bands" (Reference [2]: Patent Application No. CN202211134558). This structure, by introducing a double-layer reflective floor for different frequency bands of low frequency and dual frequency, compensates for the lack of high-frequency wave absorption performance to a certain extent, and the introduction of a second layer of integrated wave absorption and transmission surface further enhances the overall wave absorption effect. Although this structure optimizes the wave absorption performance, it still has not broken through the limitation of the three-band passband, and the overall wave absorption depth still needs to be further improved.
[0007] H. Ye et al. achieved the effect of dual-polarized absorption band through a “loss layer-lossless layer-loss layer-lossless layer” structure (Reference [3]: H. Ye et al., "A Frequency-Selective Surface Rasorber Based on Four Functional Layers", in IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol.69, no.5, pp.2768-2778, Mays.2021, doi:10.1109 / TAP.2020.3028215.). The loss layer I and lossless layer I at the top form the first complete absorption and transmission integrated unit, and the loss layer II and lossless layer II form the second complete absorption and transmission integrated unit. The cascade of the two complete absorption and transmission integrated units finally achieves the dual-frequency dual-polarized absorption effect. However, the structure has a high profile and the transition band reflection between the absorption band and the transmission band is large, and the absorption bandwidth expansion effect is not obvious.
[0008] Traditional integrated absorption and transmission units often cannot simultaneously achieve multi-passband, dual-polarization, and multi-band absorption. They suffer from excessive insertion loss, and multi-antenna systems often require multiple metamaterial coatings, which takes up a lot of space and increases costs. Therefore, how to achieve multi-passband, dual-polarization, and multi-band absorption functions has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention
[0009] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a metamaterial structure integrating three-band wave transmission and multi-band wave absorption. This composite loss structure independently designs the low-frequency and high-frequency absorption bands, and integrates the absorption effect of the composite loss through cascading arrangement, ultimately achieving an overall multi-frequency absorption response. Low insertion loss three-frequency wave transmission structures are introduced in both the loss layer and the lossless layer, and the response frequencies are consistent with each other, realizing the overall continuity of the low insertion loss three-frequency wave transmission band. After cascading, an overall low insertion loss three-frequency band wave transmission effect is achieved. The metamaterial structure proposed in this invention has the characteristics of low profile, dual-polarized three-frequency wave transmission band, and dual-polarized multi-frequency absorption band.
[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
[0011] A three-band wave-transmitting and multi-band wave-absorbing integrated metamaterial structure, comprising: a wave-transmitting and wave-absorbing integrated metamaterial structure 1, including, from top to bottom, a three-band wave-transmitting and low-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer 2, a three-band wave-transmitting and high-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer 3, and a three-band wave-transmitting lossless layer FSS4; the three-band wave-transmitting and low-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer 2 and the three-band wave-transmitting and high-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer 3 are separated by a first air layer 5, and the three-band wave-transmitting and high-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer 3 and the three-band wave-transmitting lossless layer FSS4 are separated by: The second air layer 6 separates the layers; the three-band wave-transmitting and low-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer 2 is composed of the upper surface structure 21 and the lower surface structure 22 printed on the first dielectric substrate 23, and the upper surface structure 21 and the lower surface structure 22 of the first dielectric substrate 23 are connected by a metal cylindrical via penetrating the first dielectric substrate 23; the three-band wave-transmitting and high-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer 3 is composed of the second dielectric substrate 30, the lumped resistance T-type loss structure 39 printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate 30, and the wave-transmitting resonant structure; the three-band wave-transmitting lossless layer FSS 4 is composed of the third dielectric substrate 40, the square slot and the Jerusalem slot printed on the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate 40.
[0012] The first dielectric substrate 23 has a dielectric constant of 3.5, a loss tangent of 0.002, a thickness h11 of 0.254 mm, and a side length H11 of 12 mm; the second dielectric substrate 30 has a dielectric constant of 3.5, a loss tangent of 0.002, a thickness h21 of 0.254 mm, and a side length H21 of 12 mm; the third dielectric substrate 40 has a dielectric constant of 3.5, a loss tangent of 0.002, a thickness h31 of 0.254 mm, and a side length H31 of 12 mm.
[0013] The height H51 of the first air layer 5 is 5.3 mm, and the height H61 of the second air layer 6 is 5.2 mm.
[0014] The upper surface structure 21 of the three-band wave transmission and low-frequency wave absorption integrated loss layer 2 has a cross-shaped structure 214 with lumped resistance loading in the center. The length L104 of the lumped resistance loading cross-shaped structure 214 is 1.7mm and the width W106 is 0.5mm. The ends of the lumped resistance loading cross-shaped structure 214 are respectively provided with a first interdigitated structure 211, a second interdigitated structure 212 and a third interdigitated structure 213 from the inside to the outside.
[0015] The cross-shaped structure 214 with lumped resistance loading has a length L104 of 1.7 mm and a width W106 of 0.5 mm; the first interdigital structure 211 is composed of interdigital capacitors, with a length L103 of 0.8 mm, a width W103 of 0.1 mm, a spacing W104 between interdigital capacitors of 0.1 mm, and a distance L105 from the end of the capacitors of 0.1 mm; the second interdigital structure 212 is composed of interdigital capacitors, with a length L102 of 0.95 mm, a width W102 of 0.1 mm, a spacing W105 between interdigital capacitors of 0.1 mm, and a distance L106 from the end of the capacitors of 0.1 mm; the third interdigital structure 213 is composed of interdigital capacitors, with a length L101 of 0.9 mm, a width W101 of 0.1 mm, a spacing W107 between interdigital capacitors of 0.1 mm, and a distance L107 from the end of the capacitors of 0.1 mm.
[0016] The lower surface structure 22 of the three-band wave-transmitting and low-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer 2 has three zigzag-line first inductors 221, zigzag-line second inductors 222 and zigzag-line third inductors 223 of different sizes printed from the inside to the outside.
[0017] The first zigzag inductor 221 has a short side L110 of 0.35mm, a long side L113 of 0.68mm, and a line width W108 of 0.1mm; the second zigzag inductor 222 has a short side L109 of 0.35mm, a long side L112 of 0.8mm, and a line width W109 of 0.1mm; the third zigzag inductor 223 has a short side L108 of 0.35mm, a long side L111 of 1.26mm, and a line width W110 of 0.1mm.
[0018] The top and bottom of the first inductor 221 of the zigzag line are respectively provided with a first metal cylinder 241 and a second metal cylinder 242. The first interdigitated structure 211 and the first inductor 221 of the zigzag line are connected in a snap-fit manner through the first metal cylinder 241 and the second metal cylinder 242 to form a high-frequency transparent resonant structure 25 resonating in the 12GHz frequency band. The top and bottom of the second inductor 222 of the zigzag line are respectively provided with a third metal cylinder 243 and a fourth metal cylinder 244. The second interdigitated structure 212 and the zigzag line The second inductor 222 is connected by a snap-fit third metal cylinder 243 and a fourth metal cylinder 244 to form a mid-frequency transparent resonant structure 26 that resonates in the 10GHz frequency band. The top and bottom of the zigzag third inductor 223 are respectively provided with a fifth metal cylinder 245 and a sixth metal cylinder 246. The third interdigital structure 213 and the zigzag third inductor 223 are connected by a snap-fit fifth metal cylinder 245 and a sixth metal cylinder 246 to form a low-frequency transparent resonant structure 27 that resonates in the 8GHz frequency band.
[0019] A cross-shaped slot 37 loaded with an interdigital capacitor 38 is disposed in the center of the second dielectric substrate 30 of the integrated loss layer 3 for tri-band wave transmission and high-frequency wave absorption. A first metal disk 36, a second metal ring 34, and a third metal ring 32 are sequentially printed on the outside of the cross-shaped slot 37. The first metal disk 36 and the second metal ring 34 are separated by a third air layer 35. The second metal ring 34 and the third metal ring 32 are separated by a fourth air layer 33. The first metal disk 36 has an inward rectangular groove 361 etched on its ±45-degree diagonal direction. The second metal ring 34 has an inwardly bent first fold line 341 loaded on its ±45-degree diagonal direction. The third metal ring 32 also has an inwardly bent second fold line 321 loaded on its ±45-degree diagonal direction. The third metal ring 32 and its internal structure together constitute a tri-band electromagnetic wave transmission structure 31. A lumped resistance T-type loss structure 39 is connected to the outside of the third metal ring 32 in the horizontal and vertical directions.
[0020] The length L206 of the interdigital capacitor 38 is 1.75 mm, and the line width W210 is 0.12 mm; the length L205 of the cross-shaped slit 37 is 1.85 mm, the width W209 is 0.1 mm, and the side length L207 of the square inside the cross-shaped slit 37 is 0.58 mm; the separation width W207 between the first metal disk 36 and the second metal ring 34 is 0.1 mm; and the separation width W203 between the second metal ring 34 and the third metal ring 32 is 0.1 mm.
[0021] The three-band transparent non-destructive layer FSS 4 is composed of four identical square metal surfaces 411 above the third dielectric substrate 40. On the square metal surfaces 411, from the inside out, there are first square metal slots 412 and second square metal slots 413. Jerusalem slots 415 are etched at the four right angles of the square metal surfaces 411. The first square metal slots 412, second square metal slots 413 and Jerusalem slots 415 together constitute the resonant structure of the three-band transparent FSS.
[0022] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
[0023] 1. The three-band wave-transmitting and multi-band wave-absorbing integrated metamaterial structure proposed in this invention adopts a hybrid wave-absorbing structure, which is divided into a three-band wave-transmitting and low-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer and a three-band wave-transmitting and high-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer. The two layers respectively realize the layered design of high and low frequency wave-absorbing effects. The combination of high-frequency wave-absorbing performance and low-frequency wave-absorbing performance is achieved through cascading. Furthermore, the height between the loss layer and the reflective floor is reasonably allocated, ultimately achieving an overall expansion of the broadband wave-absorbing effect.
[0024] 2. The hybrid absorbing structure proposed in this invention uses a three-band transparent lossless layer FSS structure as a shared reflective floor. The three-band transparent lossless layer FSS structure adopts a combination of double-ring nested gaps and Jerusalem gaps, achieving ideal reflection effects between the three-band transparent bands and at both high and low frequencies of the three-band transparent bands. It can simultaneously serve as a reflective structure for both low-frequency and high-frequency absorbing loss layers, thereby reducing the introduction of multiple reflective floors and lowering the profile height.
[0025] 3. In the three-band wave transmission and multi-band wave absorption integrated metamaterial structure proposed in this invention, a triple parallel LC resonant structure based on interdigital capacitance and tortuous line inductance is introduced in the three-band wave transmission and low-frequency wave absorption integrated loss layer. In the three-band wave transmission and high-frequency wave absorption integrated loss layer, a tortuous disk with double-layer tortuous rings and cross-shaped gap loading is introduced to achieve a nested three-band wave transmission resonant structure. In the three-band wave transmission lossless layer FSS, a composite structure of double-ring nested gaps and Jerusalem gaps is introduced to achieve the three-band wave transmission effect of the lossless layer. The wave transmission frequency bands in each layer can be transmitted in succession without affecting each other, and finally a low insertion loss three-band wave transmission effect is achieved in the overall structure.
[0026] 4. In the three-band wave transmission and multi-band wave absorption integrated metamaterial structure proposed in this invention, the three-band wave transmission and low-frequency wave absorption integrated loss layer structure achieves dual-polarization working effect by adopting a cross-shaped symmetrical approach based on its series three-band resonant structure; in the three-band wave transmission and high-frequency wave absorption integrated loss layer structure, the dual-polarization wave absorption effect is achieved by introducing a T-shaped structure with lumped resistance loading based on its central nested resonant structure; in the three-band wave transmission lossless layer FSS, the dual-polarization three-band wave transmission effect is achieved by introducing a centrally symmetrical double-ring nested structure and a centrally symmetrical Jerusalem structure. Finally, dual-polarization characteristics are achieved in both the three-band wave transmission and multi-frequency wave absorption performance.
[0027] In summary, the composite loss structure of this invention designs the low-frequency and high-frequency absorption bands independently, and integrates the absorption effect of the composite loss through cascading arrangement, ultimately achieving an overall multi-frequency absorption response. Low insertion loss tri-frequency transmission structures are introduced in both the loss layer and the lossless layer, and the response frequencies are consistent with each other, realizing the overall continuity of the low insertion loss tri-frequency transmission band. After cascading, an overall low insertion loss tri-frequency band transmission effect is achieved. Finally, the metamaterial structure proposed in this invention has the characteristics of low profile, dual-polarized tri-frequency transmission band, and dual-polarized multi-frequency absorption band. Attached Figure Description
[0028] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the integrated three-band wave transmission and multi-band wave absorption unit of the present invention.
[0029] Figure 2 This is a side view of the integrated three-band wave transmission and multi-band wave absorption unit of the present invention.
[0030] Figure 3 This is a dimensioned diagram of the first air layer 5 and the second air layer 6 of the present invention.
[0031] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the integrated loss layer for three-band wave transmission and low-frequency wave absorption of the present invention.
[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the interdigitated structure and the zigzag inductor of the present invention.
[0033] Figure 6 This is a dimensioning diagram of the integrated loss layer for three-band wave transmission and low-frequency wave absorption of the present invention.
[0034] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the integrated loss layer for three-band wave transmission and high-frequency wave absorption of the present invention.
[0035] Figure 8 This is a dimensioning diagram of the integrated loss layer for three-band wave transmission and high-frequency wave absorption of the present invention.
[0036] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the three-band transparent lossless layer FSS (frequency selective surface) of the present invention.
[0037] Figure 10 This is a dimensioning diagram of the three-band transparent non-destructive layer FSS of the present invention.
[0038] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the integrated three-band wave transmission and multi-frequency wave absorption unit of the present invention.
[0039] Figure 12 This is a parameter diagram of the integrated three-band wave transmission and multi-band wave absorption unit of the present invention, wherein, Figure 12 (a) is a schematic diagram of the S-parameters of the present invention. Figure 12 (b) is a schematic diagram of the absorption rate and transmission rate of the present invention.
[0040] In the figure, 1 is the integrated metamaterial structure for wave absorption and transmission; 2 is the integrated loss layer for wave transmission in three frequency bands and wave absorption in the low frequency band; 3 is the integrated loss layer for wave transmission in three frequency bands and wave absorption in the high frequency band; 4 is the lossless layer FSS for wave transmission in three frequency bands; 5 is the first air layer; 6 is the second air layer; 211 is the first interdigitated structure; 212 is the second interdigitated structure; 213 is the third interdigitated structure; 214 is the cross-shaped structure with lumped resistance loading; 21 is the upper surface structure; 22 is the lower surface structure; 23 is the first dielectric substrate; 221 is the first zigzag inductor; 222 is the second zigzag inductor; 223 is the third zigzag inductor; 241 is the first metal cylinder; 242 is the second metal cylinder; 243 is the third metal cylinder; 244 is the fourth metal cylinder. ; 245, Fifth metal cylinder; 246, Sixth metal cylinder; 25, High-frequency transparent resonant structure; 26, Mid-frequency transparent resonant structure; 27, Low-frequency transparent resonant structure; 30, Second dielectric substrate; 31, Three-band electromagnetic transparent structure; 32, Third metal ring; 33, Fourth air layer; 34, Second metal ring; 35, Third air layer; 36, First metal disk; 37, Cross-shaped slot; 38, Interdigitated capacitor; 39, Lumped resistance T-type loss structure; 361, Rectangular groove; 341, First broken line; 321, Second broken line; 40, Third dielectric substrate; 411, Square metal surface; 412, First square metal slot; 413, Second square metal slot; 415, Jerusalem slot. Detailed Implementation
[0041] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0042] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2A three-band wave-transmitting and multi-band wave-absorbing integrated metamaterial structure is disclosed. The integrated wave-transmitting metamaterial structure 1 includes, from top to bottom, a three-band wave-transmitting and low-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer 2, a three-band wave-transmitting and high-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer 3, and a three-band wave-transmitting lossless layer FSS4. The three-band wave-transmitting and low-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer 2 and the three-band wave-transmitting and high-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer 3 are separated by a first air layer 5. The three-band wave-transmitting and high-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer 3 and the three-band wave-transmitting lossless layer FSS4 are separated by... The second air layer 6 separates the layers; the three-band wave-transmitting and low-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer 2 is composed of the upper surface structure 21 and the lower surface structure 22 printed on the first dielectric substrate 23, and the upper surface structure 21 and the lower surface structure 22 of the first dielectric substrate 23 are connected by a metal cylindrical via penetrating the first dielectric substrate 23; the three-band wave-transmitting and high-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer 3 is composed of the second dielectric substrate 30, the lumped resistance T-type loss structure 39 printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate 30, and the wave-transmitting resonant structure; the three-band wave-transmitting lossless layer FSS 4 is composed of the third dielectric substrate 40, the square slot and the Jerusalem slot printed on the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate 40.
[0043] Reference Figure 3 The height H51 of the first air layer 5 is 5.3 mm, and the height H61 of the second air layer 6 is 5.2 mm.
[0044] Reference Figure 6 The first dielectric substrate 23 has a dielectric constant of 3.5, a loss tangent of 0.002, a thickness h11 of 0.254 mm, and a side length H11 of 12 mm.
[0045] Reference Figure 8 The second dielectric substrate 30 has a dielectric constant of 3.5, a loss tangent of 0.002, a thickness h21 of 0.254 mm, and a side length H21 of 12 mm.
[0046] Reference Figure 10 The third dielectric substrate 40 has a dielectric constant of 3.5, a loss tangent of 0.002, a thickness h31 of 0.254 mm, and a side length H31 of 12 mm.
[0047] Reference Figure 4 The upper surface structure 21 of the three-band wave transmission and low-frequency wave absorption integrated loss layer 2 is provided with a cross-shaped structure 214 with lumped resistance loading in the center. The ends of the cross-shaped structure 214 with lumped resistance loading are respectively provided with a first interdigitated structure 211, a second interdigitated structure 212 and a third interdigitated structure 213 from the inside to the outside.
[0048] Furthermore, the lower surface structure 22 of the three-band wave-transmitting and low-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer 2 has three zigzag-line first inductors 221, zigzag-line second inductors 222 and zigzag-line third inductors 223 of different sizes printed from the inside to the outside.
[0049] Reference Figure 5 The first interdigital structure 211 and the zigzag first inductor 221 are respectively provided with a first metal cylinder 241 and a second metal cylinder 242. The first interdigital structure 211 and the zigzag first inductor 221 are connected by the first metal cylinder 241 and the second metal cylinder 242 in a snap-fit manner to form a high-frequency transparent resonant structure 25 resonating in the 12GHz frequency band. The second interdigital structure 212 and the zigzag second inductor 222 are respectively provided with a third metal cylinder 243 and a fourth metal cylinder 244. The second interdigital structure 212... The second inductor 222 of the zigzag line is connected to the third metal cylinder 243 and the fourth metal cylinder 244 in a snap-fit manner to form a mid-frequency transparent resonant structure 26 that resonates in the 10GHz frequency band. The third interdigital structure 213 and the third inductor 223 of the zigzag line are respectively provided with a fifth metal cylinder 245 and a sixth metal cylinder 246. The third interdigital structure 213 and the third inductor 223 of the zigzag line are connected to the third inductor 223 of the zigzag line in a snap-fit manner to form a low-frequency transparent resonant structure 27 that resonates in the 8GHz frequency band.
[0050] Reference Figure 6 The first interdigital structure 211 is composed of interdigital capacitors, with a length L103 of 0.8 mm, a width W103 of 0.1 mm, a spacing W104 between interdigital capacitors of 0.1 mm, and a distance L105 from the end of the capacitors of 0.1 mm. The second interdigital structure 212 is composed of interdigital capacitors, with a length L102 of 0.95 mm, a width W102 of 0.1 mm, a spacing W105 between interdigital capacitors of 0.1 mm, and a distance L106 from the end of the capacitors of 0.1 mm. The third interdigital structure 213 is composed of interdigital capacitors, with a length L101 of 0.9 mm, a width W101 of 0.1 mm, a spacing W107 between interdigital capacitors of 0.1 mm, and a distance L107 from the end of the capacitors of 0.1 mm. The cross-shaped structure 214 with lumped resistor loading has a length L104 of 1.7 mm and a width W106 of 0.5 mm.
[0051] Furthermore, the short side L110 of the zigzag first inductor 221 is 0.35mm, the long side L113 is 0.68mm, and the line width W108 is 0.1mm; the short side L109 of the zigzag second inductor 222 is 0.35mm, the long side L112 is 0.8mm, and the line width W109 is 0.1mm; the short side L108 of the zigzag third inductor 223 is 0.35mm, the long side L111 is 1.26mm, and the line width W110 is 0.1mm.
[0052] Furthermore, the radius R13 of the first metal cylinder 241 and the second metal cylinder 242 is 0.15 mm; the radius R11 of the third metal cylinder 243 and the fourth metal cylinder 244 is 0.15 mm; and the radius R11 of the fifth metal cylinder 245 and the sixth metal cylinder 246 is 0.15 mm.
[0053] Reference Figure 7 A cross-shaped slit 37 loaded with an interdigital capacitor 38 is provided in the center of the second dielectric substrate 30 of the three-band wave transmission and high-frequency wave absorption integrated loss layer 3.
[0054] Furthermore, on the outer side of the cross-shaped slot 37 of the integrated loss layer 3 for tri-band wave transmission and high-frequency wave absorption, a first metal disk 36, a second metal ring 34, and a third metal ring 32 are sequentially printed; the first metal disk 36 and the second metal ring 34 are separated by a third air layer 35; the second metal ring 34 and the third metal ring 32 are separated by a fourth air layer 33; the first metal disk 36 has an inward rectangular groove 361 etched in its ±45-degree diagonal direction; the second metal ring 34 has an inwardly bent first fold line 341 loaded in its ±45-degree diagonal direction; the third metal ring 32 also has an inwardly bent second fold line 321 loaded in its ±45-degree diagonal direction; the third metal ring 32 and its internal structure together constitute a tri-band electromagnetic wave transmission structure 31; the outer side of the third metal ring 32 is connected to a lumped resistance T-type loss structure 39 in the horizontal and vertical directions.
[0055] Reference Figure 8The third metal ring 32 has a radius R21 of 3.45 mm, and its second inward bend line 321 in the ±45 degree direction has an inward bend length L201 of 0.9 mm, a ring width W201 of 0.82 mm, and a ring line width W202 of 0.1 mm. The second metal ring 34 has a radius R22 of 3.25 mm, and its first inward bend line 341 has an inward bend length L202 of 1 mm, a ring width W206 of 1.52 mm, and a ring line width W202 of 0.1 mm. 205 is 0.25mm; the radius R23 of the first metal disk 36 is 2.9mm; the width W203 of the fourth air layer 33 between the third metal ring 32 and the second metal ring 34 is 0.1mm, the width W207 of the third air layer 35 between the second metal ring 34 and the first metal disk 36 is 0.1mm, and the first metal disk 36 has a rectangular groove etched inward along its ±45-degree diagonal direction with a length L209 of 1.7mm and a depth L208 of 0.67mm.
[0056] Furthermore, the cross-shaped slot 37 loaded on the interdigitated capacitor 38 located in the center of the first metal disk 36 has a gap W209 between the interdigitated capacitors of 0.1mm, a line width W210 of 0.12mm, a length L205 of 1.85mm, a length L206 of 1.75mm for the interdigitated branch, and a side length L207 of 0.58mm for the square inside the cross-shaped slot 37.
[0057] Furthermore, a lumped resistance T-type loss structure 39 is connected in the horizontal and vertical directions of the third metal ring 32. The length L203 of its vertical branch is 2.2 mm and the width W208 is 0.5 mm, and the length L204 of its horizontal branch is 2.5 mm and the width W204 is 0.2 mm.
[0058] Reference Figure 9 The three-band transparent lossless layer FSS4 is composed of four identical square metal surfaces 411 above the third dielectric substrate 40. On the square metal surfaces 411, from the inside to the outside, there are first square metal slots 412 and second square metal slots 413. Jerusalem slots 415 are etched on the four right corners of the square metal surfaces 411. The first square metal slots 412, second square metal slots 413 and Jerusalem slots 415 together constitute the resonant structure of the three-band transparent FSS.
[0059] Reference Figure 10The first square metal gap 412 located in the center has a side length L301 of 5.6 mm and a width W301 of 0.15 mm. The second square metal gap 413 located on the outer layer of the first square metal gap 412 has a side length L302 of 7.62 mm and a width W302 of 0.15 mm. The Jerusalem gap 415 located at the right angle of the square metal surface 411 has a central cross-shaped side length L303 of 8.8 mm and a width W303 of 0.3 mm. The short side located outside the Jerusalem gap 415 has a side length L304 of 2 mm and a width W304 of 0.2 mm.
[0060] The working principle of this invention is as follows:
[0061] Reference Figure 11 In the first absorption band, low-frequency electromagnetic waves irradiate the surface and pass through the three-band transparent and low-frequency integrated lossy layer 2, and the three-band transparent and high-frequency integrated lossy layer 3 in sequence. Then, they are reflected by the three-band transparent lossless layer FSS 4. The reflected wave is first partially absorbed by the three-band transparent and high-frequency integrated lossy layer 3, and then mainly absorbed by the three-band transparent and low-frequency integrated lossy layer. When electromagnetic waves in the second to fourth absorption bands are incident on the surface, their absorption process is similar to that in the first absorption band, but with slight differences. First, the incident wave passes through the three-band transparent and low-frequency integrated lossy layer 2 and the high-frequency integrated lossy layer 3, and is reflected by the three-band transparent lossless layer FSS 4. Then, it is mainly absorbed by the three-band transparent and high-frequency integrated lossy layer 3, and partially absorbed by the three-band transparent and low-frequency integrated lossy layer 2.
[0062] In the transmission frequency band, the three-band transmission, the low-frequency integrated loss layer 2, the three-band transmission, the high-frequency integrated loss layer 3, and the three-band transmission lossless layer FSS 4 all have three-band transmission bands, and the three-band transmission bands of each layer have the same frequency to form an overall conduction effect, ultimately achieving stable transmission.
[0063] Reference Figure 12 The embodiments of the present invention were simulated under the incidence of TE and TM plane electromagnetic waves, and the simulation results are as follows:
[0064] In the figure, the solid line represents the transmission coefficient S21 of the embodiment, and the dashed line represents the reflection coefficient S11. From the transmission and reflection coefficients, it can be seen that the transmission frequency of the tri-frequency transparent and broadband absorbing integrated electromagnetic material unit is located near 8GHz, 10GHz, and 12GHz, and its absorption frequency bands (S11≦-10dB, S21≦-10dB) are 3.1-5.9GHz, 8.4-9.4GHz, 10.6-11.3GHz, and 15.2-18.9GHz. The results of the transmittance and absorption of the tri-frequency transparent and broadband absorbing integrated electromagnetic material unit in TE polarization are as follows: Figure 12 As shown in the absorption curves, it exhibits good absorption performance in the ranges of 3-7 GHz, 8.5-9.5 GHz, 10.5-11.3 GHz, and 14.5-20 GHz, with absorption rates exceeding 80%. It also demonstrates good transmission performance in the ranges of 7.8-8.3 GHz, 9.8-10.35 GHz, and 11.6-12.8 GHz, with transmission rates exceeding 80%. Given the symmetrical design of each layer of its structure, its transmission and absorption performance under TM polarized incident waves are essentially consistent with those under TE polarized incident waves.
Claims
1. A transmissive metamaterial structure integrating three-band wave transmission and multi-band wave absorption, characterized in that: The structure includes, from top to bottom, a three-band wave-transmitting and low-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer (2), a three-band wave-transmitting and high-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer (3), and a three-band wave-transmitting lossless layer FSS (4); the three-band wave-transmitting and low-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer (2) and the three-band wave-transmitting and high-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer (3) are separated by a first air layer (5), and the three-band wave-transmitting and high-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer (3) and the three-band wave-transmitting lossless layer FSS (4) are separated by a second air layer (6); the three-band wave-transmitting and low-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer (2) is printed on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate (23). The upper surface structure (21) and the lower surface structure (22) of the first dielectric substrate (23) are connected by a metal cylindrical via through the first dielectric substrate (23); the three-band wave-transmitting and high-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer (3) is composed of the second dielectric substrate (30) and the lumped resistance T-type loss structure (39) printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate (30) and the wave-transmitting resonant structure; the three-band wave-transmitting lossless layer FSS (4) is composed of the third dielectric substrate (40) and the square gap and Jerusalem gap printed on the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate (40); A cross-shaped slit (37) loaded with an interdigital capacitor (38) is provided in the center of the second dielectric substrate (30) of the three-band wave-transmitting and high-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer (3); a first metal disk (36), a second metal ring (34) and a third metal ring (32) are sequentially printed on the outside of the cross-shaped slit (37); the first metal disk (36) and the second metal ring (34) are separated by a third air layer (35); the second metal ring (34) and the third metal ring (32) are separated by a fourth air layer (33); the first metal disk (36) An inward rectangular groove (361) is etched on its ±45-degree diagonal direction. The second metal ring (34) is loaded with an inwardly bent first fold line (341) on its ±45-degree diagonal direction. The third metal ring (32) is also loaded with an inwardly bent second fold line (321) on its ±45-degree diagonal direction. The third metal ring (32) and its internal structure together constitute a three-band electromagnetic wave transmission structure (31). The third metal ring (32) is connected to a lumped resistance T-type loss structure (39) on its exterior in the horizontal and vertical directions.
2. The integrated transmissive metamaterial structure with three-band wave transmission and multi-band wave absorption as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first dielectric substrate (23) has a dielectric constant of 3.5, a loss tangent of 0.002, a thickness (h11) of 0.254 mm, and a side length (H11) of 12 mm; the second dielectric substrate (30) has a dielectric constant of 3.5, a loss tangent of 0.002, a thickness (h21) of 0.254 mm, and a side length (H21) of 12 mm; the third dielectric substrate (40) has a dielectric constant of 3.5, a loss tangent of 0.002, a thickness (h31) of 0.254 mm, and a side length (H31) of 12 mm; the first air layer (5) has a height (H51) of 5.3 mm, and the second air layer (6) has a height (H61) of 5.2 mm.
3. The integrated transmissive metamaterial structure with three-band wave transmission and multi-band wave absorption as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface structure (21) of the three-band wave transmission and low-frequency wave absorption integrated loss layer (2) is provided with a cross-shaped structure (214) with lumped resistance loading in the center. The ends of the cross-shaped structure (214) with lumped resistance loading are respectively provided with a first interdigitated structure (211), a second interdigitated structure (212) and a third interdigitated structure (213) from the inside to the outside.
4. The integrated transmissive metamaterial structure with three-band wave transmission and multi-band wave absorption as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The length L104 of the cross-shaped structure (214) with lumped resistance loading is 1.7 mm, and the width W106 is 0.5 mm; the first interdigital structure (211) is composed of interdigital capacitors, the length L103 of which is 0.8 mm, the width W103 of which is 0.1 mm, the spacing W104 between the interdigital capacitors is 0.1 mm, and the distance from the end L105 is 0.1 mm; the second interdigital structure (212) is composed of interdigital capacitors, the length L102 of which is 0.95 mm, the width W102 of which is 0.1 mm, the spacing W105 between the interdigital capacitors is 0.1 mm, and the distance from the end L106 is 0.1 mm; the third interdigital structure (213) is composed of interdigital capacitors, the length L101 of which is 0.9 mm, the width W101 of which is 0.1 mm, the spacing W107 between the interdigital capacitors is 0.1 mm, and the distance from the end L107 is 0.1 mm.
5. The integrated transmissive metamaterial structure with three-band wave transmission and multi-band wave absorption as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface structure (22) of the three-band wave-transmitting and low-frequency wave-absorbing integrated loss layer (2) has three zigzag line first inductors (221), zigzag line second inductors (222) and zigzag line third inductors (223) of different sizes printed from the inside to the outside.
6. The integrated transmissive metamaterial structure with three-band wave transmission and multi-band wave absorption as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The first zigzag inductor (221) has a short side L110 of 0.35mm, a long side L113 of 0.68mm, and a line width W108 of 0.1mm; the second zigzag inductor (222) has a short side L109 of 0.35mm, a long side L112 of 0.8mm, and a line width W109 of 0.1mm; the third zigzag inductor (223) has a short side L108 of 0.35mm, a long side L111 of 1.26mm, and a line width W110 of 0.1mm.
7. The integrated transmissive metamaterial structure for three-band wave transmission and multi-band wave absorption according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that: The top and bottom of the first inductor (221) of the zigzag line are respectively provided with a first metal cylinder (241) and a second metal cylinder (242). The first interdigitated structure (211) and the first inductor (221) of the zigzag line are connected by the first metal cylinder (241) and the second metal cylinder (242) in a snap-fit manner to form a high-frequency transparent resonant structure (25) resonating in the 12GHz frequency band. The top and bottom of the second inductor (222) of the zigzag line are respectively provided with a third metal cylinder (243) and a fourth metal cylinder (244). The second interdigitated structure (212) and the zigzag line are connected by the first metal cylinder (241) and the second metal cylinder (242) in a snap-fit manner to form a high-frequency transparent resonant structure (25) resonating in the 12GHz frequency band. The second inductor (222) is connected by a snap-fit third metal cylinder (243) and a fourth metal cylinder (244) to form a mid-frequency transparent resonant structure (26) resonating in the 10GHz frequency band. The top and bottom of the zigzag third inductor (223) are respectively provided with a fifth metal cylinder (245) and a sixth metal cylinder (246). The third interdigital structure (213) and the zigzag third inductor (223) are connected by a snap-fit fifth metal cylinder (245) and a sixth metal cylinder (246) to form a low-frequency transparent resonant structure (27) resonating in the 8GHz frequency band.
8. The integrated transmissive metamaterial structure with three-band wave transmission and multi-band wave absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length L206 of the branch of the interdigital capacitor (38) is 1.75 mm, and the line width W210 is 0.12 mm; the length L205 of the cross-shaped slit (37) is 1.85 mm, the width W209 is 0.1 mm, and the side length L207 of the square inside the cross-shaped slit (37) is 0.58 mm; the separation width (W207) between the first metal disk (36) and the second metal ring (34) is 0.1 mm; the separation width (W203) between the second metal ring (34) and the third metal ring (32) is 0.1 mm.
9. The integrated transmissive metamaterial structure with three-band wave transmission and multi-band wave absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-band transparent non-destructive layer FSS (4) is composed of four identical square metal surfaces (411) above the third dielectric substrate (40); on the square metal surface (411), from the inside to the outside, there are first square metal slots (412) and second square metal slots (413), and Jerusalem slots (415) are etched on the four right corners of the square metal surface (411); the first square metal slots (412), the second square metal slots (413) and the Jerusalem slots (415) together constitute the resonant structure of the three-band transparent FSS.