A method for preventing wind erosion by pumping water based on clay pressure injection in an arid valley region

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of dry valley area based on clay pressurization's water lifting wind erosion prevention method, pressurization is injected multiple clay soil columns at the sand surface layer position of the bottom of slope 1 in dry valley area;And according to the following four key technical links, clay pressurization parameters are formulated: determine the design height of clay soil column;Corresponding clay soil column design height designs clay soil column particle size arrangement level;Determine the wet radius of clay soil column;Determine the layout density of clay soil column.The inherent advantage of sufficient water in valley area is fully utilized, based on the capillary water rising effect of clay, the water in the valley is moved to the surface layer dry soil layer without any external power, so that the surface layer soil is wetted to reduce wind erosion.It is strong in sustainability;Construction principle is mature, and it is strong in practicality;Material can be locally available, and cost is low.It can completely solve the problem of wind erosion in valley area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for preventing wind erosion in arid river valleys, and more particularly to a method for preventing wind erosion in arid river valleys based on clay injection. Background Technology

[0002] Wind erosion is one of the major types of soil erosion in my country, causing adverse consequences such as vegetation degradation, desertification, farmland damage, and sandstorm disasters. Due to differences in wind erosion characteristics and site types across different regions, wind erosion control techniques are constantly being innovated to achieve site-specific application and optimized control effects. Although wind erosion control technologies are relatively abundant, most currently focus on control in arid deserts and sandy areas.

[0003] Valley wind erosion is a special form of wind erosion. Its sand sources include upstream sediment deposition, erosion along riverbanks, and seasonal drawdowns in the valley leading to exposed sediment. This, combined with the dry weather in winter and spring, causes the surface sand to dry out, resulting in soil erosion under the dynamic action of cold, dry valley winds. Because the valley water level fluctuates frequently, the sand source is not constant; the sand surface is periodically submerged or exposed, which differs significantly from typical wind-eroded landforms.

[0004] Traditional methods of sand stabilization are not suitable for environments with alternating wet and dry conditions. Methods such as physical and mechanical sand barriers, plant-based sand barriers, microbial sand fixation agents, and chemical sand fixation cannot achieve long-term wind erosion protection. With the continuous expansion of water conservancy projects in my country, arid river valleys will inevitably face more frequent water level drops, leading to wind erosion of sand-laden areas over larger areas. Therefore, sustainable protection methods for soil wind erosion in arid river valleys urgently need to be developed.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention is hereby proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an efficient, low-cost, and sustainable method for water lifting and wind erosion prevention in arid river valleys based on clay injection, in order to solve the aforementioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] The present invention relates to a water-lifting and wind-erosion prevention method based on clay injection in arid valley areas, wherein multiple clay columns are injected at position 2 on the sand surface at the bottom of slope 1 in arid valley areas.

[0009] The following four key technical aspects were used to determine the parameters for clay injection:

[0010] Determine the design height of the clay column: 4;

[0011] The design height of the clay column is 4, and the particle size distribution of the clay column is 5.

[0012] Determine the wetting radius of the clay column to be 6;

[0013] Determine the density of the clay columns.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the clay-injection-based water-lifting and wind erosion prevention method for arid river valleys provided by this invention can fully utilize the inherent advantage of abundant water in river valleys. Based on the capillary action of clay, water in the valley is transported to the surface dry soil layer without any external power, thus moistening the surface soil and reducing wind erosion. This method has the following advantages: the materials are natural, environmentally friendly, and non-toxic; the materials can withstand flooding during the flood season and achieve water transport during the dry season, ensuring strong sustainability; the construction principle is mature and highly practical; the materials can be sourced locally, resulting in low cost. It can completely solve the wind erosion problem in river valleys.

[0015] Typical application areas include the Yarlung Tsangpo River Basin in Tibet, the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, the upper reaches of the Yellow River, and the Longyangxia Reservoir area. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of a water-lifting and wind erosion prevention method based on clay injection in arid river valleys, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of water extraction and wind erosion prevention for clay columns in sand in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a distribution density map of clay columns in arid river valley sandy land in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the capillary water height corresponding to soil particles of different sizes in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] In the picture:

[0021] 1. Slope in arid river valleys; 2. Surface location of sand; 3. Dead water level in river valleys or reservoirs; 4. Design height of clay columns; 5. Particle size distribution of clay columns; 6. Wetting radius of clay columns; 7. Layout density of clay columns. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them, and do not constitute a limitation on the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] First, the following explanations are provided for the terms that may be used in this article:

[0024] The term "and / or" means that either or both can be achieved simultaneously. For example, X and / or Y means that it includes both "X" or "Y" as well as the three cases of "X and Y".

[0025] The terms “including,” “comprising,” “containing,” “having,” or other similar semantic descriptions should be interpreted as non-exclusive inclusion. For example, “including a technical feature element (such as raw material, component, ingredient, carrier, dosage form, material, size, part, component, mechanism, device, step, process, method, reaction conditions, processing conditions, parameter, algorithm, signal, data, product or article of manufacture, etc.)” should be interpreted as including not only the expressly listed technical feature element, but also other technical feature elements that are not expressly listed and are well-known in the art.

[0026] The term "composed of" excludes any technical features not expressly listed. When used in a claim, it closes the claim to exclude all technical features other than those expressly listed, except for associated conventional impurities. If the term appears only in a clause of a claim, it limits the claim to the elements expressly listed in that clause; elements recited in other clauses are not excluded from the overall claim.

[0027] Unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this document according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] The terms “center,” “longitudinal,” “lateral,” “length,” “width,” “thickness,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “back,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” “outer,” “clockwise,” and “counterclockwise” indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience and simplification of description and do not imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this document.

[0029] The contents not described in detail in the embodiments of this invention are prior art known to those skilled in the art. Where specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments of this invention, they shall be performed according to conventional conditions in the art or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Where the manufacturers of the reagents or instruments used in the embodiments of this invention are not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0030] The present invention relates to a water-lifting and wind-erosion prevention method based on clay injection in arid valley areas, wherein multiple clay columns are injected at position 2 on the sand surface at the bottom of slope 1 in arid valley areas.

[0031] The following four key technical aspects were used to determine the parameters for clay injection:

[0032] Determine the design height of the clay column: 4;

[0033] The design height of the clay column is 4, and the particle size distribution of the clay column is 5.

[0034] Determine the wetting radius of the clay column to be 6;

[0035] Determine the density of the clay columns.

[0036] The design height 4 of the clay column is determined by the dead water level 3 of the valley or reservoir and the position 2 of the sand surface. The design height 4 of the clay column is greater than the relative height between the dead water level 3 of the valley or reservoir and the upper surface of the sand surface 2, in order to ensure that free water can move upward along the capillary pores.

[0037] The particle size distribution 5 of the clay column is determined by the design height 4 of the clay column and is obtained according to the following table:

[0038] Loose porous media support capillary height

[0039]

[0040] The wetting radius 6 of the clay column is determined by the combined effects of on-site climatic conditions, sand surface particle size distribution, and clay column particle size gradation, and is obtained according to the following steps:

[0041] First, inject a clay column with a diameter of 20-30cm and let it absorb moisture naturally. After one week, take the clay column as the center and measure the surface soil moisture content every 5cm. The point where the soil moisture content reaches 30% of the field capacity is taken as the wetting radius of the clay column.

[0042] The density 7 of the clay columns is determined by the wetting radius 6. The distance between each two adjacent clay columns is two wetting radii 6, and the clay columns are arranged in a matrix-like pattern.

[0043] In summary, the water-lifting and wind erosion prevention method based on clay injection in arid river valleys, as described in this invention, is characterized by four key technical aspects: determining the design height of the clay columns, the particle size distribution of the clay columns, the wetting radius of the clay columns, and the placement density of the clay columns. By injecting clay columns of a certain particle size distribution into the sandy river valley to the free water level, free water can be allowed to move upward along the capillary pores, reaching the surface dry sand layer and forming a certain range of wetting zone. This increases the wind speed at which surface sand is lifted, reducing the wind erosion damage to the river valley during dry and windy seasons. This method fully utilizes the characteristic of river valleys having abundant water, but where the coarse capillary pores of the sand prevent water from moving upward. By setting up clay columns in the river valley, the upward movement of water is achieved. This method allows for flexible adjustment of construction parameters based on the soil, climate, and topography of the river valley. The clay material is environmentally friendly, resistant to flooding and wind erosion, and has a long-lasting effect after application. It avoids the shortcomings of traditional physical and mechanical sand barriers, plant sand barriers, microbial sand fixation, and chemical sand fixation methods, which are unsuitable for alternating drought and flood habitats. Furthermore, the technology is simple to implement and ingenious in principle, effectively solving the wind erosion problem in arid river valleys.

[0044] To more clearly demonstrate the technical solution and its effects provided by the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown:

[0047] The process includes four steps: determining the design height of the clay column, preparing the clay column, determining the wetting radius and density of the clay column, and mechanically injecting the clay column.

[0048] The design height of the clay column is determined by the dead water level in the valley or reservoir and the position of the sand surface layer. The design height of the clay column must be greater than the distance between the dead water level and the position of the sand surface layer.

[0049] The preparation of the clay columns refers to the particle size distribution of the clay columns, which is determined by the required design height of the clay columns. Based on the capillary rise principle in soil physics, it is known that the finer the particles, the greater the capillary rise. Therefore, through experiments, the capillary rise height of soils with different particle size distributions was determined in the early stages to facilitate their use in practical applications, as follows:

[0050] Table 1:

[0051] Loose porous media support capillary height

[0052]

[0053] The density of the clay columns is determined by their wetting radius, which is influenced by a combination of factors including actual climatic conditions, sand particle size distribution, and the particle size distribution of the clay columns. In practice, a clay column (20-30cm in diameter) is first injected and allowed to absorb moisture naturally. After one week, the surface soil moisture content is measured every 5cm outwards from the clay column. The wetting radius is defined as the point where the soil moisture content reaches 30% of field capacity. The density of the clay columns is determined by this wetting radius. The distance between any two adjacent clay columns is two wetting radii, and the clay columns are arranged in a matrix pattern. Figure 3 ).

[0054] Mechanically injected clay columns consist of two parts: screening and preparing soil particles of a specific size, and injection. Based on the correlation between clay particle size and capillary height determined by prior experiments, the particle size grade corresponding to the design height of the clay column is specified. Soil particles of the corresponding grade are screened out using a soil sieve to synthesize clay.

[0055] Mechanical clay injection involves using pressure machinery to inject clay of a pre-selected particle size from below the dead water level up to above the sand surface, creating a column with a radius of 20-30 cm. Free water from the valley flows along the clay column via capillary action to the sand surface, keeping the dry sand layer near the column moist, increasing the wind speed that lifts sand, and thus reducing wind erosion.

[0056] During dry seasons or when reservoir water levels drop and sandy areas are exposed, these clay pillars effectively inhibit wind erosion. During rainy seasons or when reservoirs are filled and water levels rise and the sandy surface is submerged, these clay pillars will not be damaged by flooding. They can be used for a long time.

[0057] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims. The information disclosed in the background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background technology of the present invention and should not be construed as an admission or implication in any way that such information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for water lifting and wind erosion prevention based on clay injection in arid river valleys, characterized in that, Multiple clay columns were injected into the sand surface layer at the bottom of the slope (1) in the arid valley area (2); The following four key technical aspects were used to determine the parameters for clay injection: Determine the design height of the clay column (4); (4) Design the particle size distribution of the clay column corresponding to the design height of the clay column (5); Determine the wetting radius of the clay column (6); Determine the density of clay columns (7); The wetting radius (6) of the clay column is determined by the combined effects of on-site climate conditions, sand surface particle size, and clay column particle size distribution, and is obtained by following these steps: First, press a clay column with a diameter of 20-30cm and let it absorb moisture naturally. After a week, take the clay column as the center and measure the surface sandy soil moisture content every 5cm. The position where the soil moisture content reaches 30% of the field water holding capacity is taken as the wet radius of the clay column (6). The density (7) of the clay columns is determined by the wetting radius (6) of the clay columns. The distance between each two adjacent clay columns is the wetting radius (6) of the two clay columns. The clay columns are arranged in a matrix-like pattern. The design height (4) of the clay column is determined by the dead water level (3) of the valley or reservoir and the position (2) of the sand surface. The design height (4) of the clay column is the relative height of the upper surface of the dead water level (3) of the valley or reservoir and the position (2) of the sand surface, which is used to ensure that free water can move upward along the capillary pores. The particle size distribution (5) of the clay column is determined by the design height (4) of the clay column and is designed according to the following correspondence between loose porous media and capillary rise height: 1) Coarse sand with a particle size of 1mm to 0.5mm corresponds to a capillary water rise height of 2-4cm; 2) Medium sand with a particle size of 0.5mm to 0.25mm corresponds to a capillary water rise height of 12-35cm; 3) Fine sand with a particle size of 0.25mm to 0.125mm corresponds to a capillary water rise height of 35-120cm; 4) For sandy soil with a particle size of less than 0.005 mm and a content of 3-10%, the corresponding capillary water rise height is 120-250 cm. 5) Sub-clay with a particle size of less than 0.005 mm and a content of 10-30% corresponds to a capillary rise height of 300-350 cm; 6) Clay with a particle size of less than 0.005 mm and a content of more than 30% corresponds to a capillary rise height of more than 350 cm.

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