Hydrogen vent valve control method and apparatus, medium, vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a hydrogen discharge valve control method and device, medium and vehicle. The hydrogen discharge valve control method of the fuel cell system comprises the following steps: obtaining the molar quantity of current mixed gas at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, the molar quantity of nitrogen in the current mixed gas and the molar quantity of water vapor; calculating the hydrogen concentration value at the anode inlet of the fuel cell according to the obtained gas molar quantity; when the hydrogen concentration value is less than the hydrogen concentration threshold value, controlling the hydrogen discharge valve to be opened at a set frequency until the hydrogen concentration value is greater than or equal to the hydrogen concentration standard value, and then controlling the hydrogen discharge valve to be closed. Therefore, the hydrogen discharge valve control method can more accurately calculate the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, and then accurately control the hydrogen discharge valve, so that the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet of the fuel cell can be stable, thereby improving the hydrogen utilization rate and the service life of the fuel cell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cell system technology, and in particular to a hydrogen exhaust valve control method and device, medium, and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In a fuel cell system, when hydrogen enters the stack, it primarily participates in electrochemical reactions to generate electricity, providing power to the vehicle or charging the battery pack. Additionally, some hydrogen permeates through the proton exchange membrane to the cathode, then is discharged through the exhaust manifold along with unreacted gases. Another portion of unreacted hydrogen recirculates back into the anode inlet via a hydrogen recirculation pump to participate in electrochemical reactions, or is discharged through a hydrogen vent valve to the tailpipe and ultimately into the atmosphere. During fuel cell engine operation, nitrogen from the air at the cathode side permeates to the anode side, increasing over time. If not removed through the hydrogen vent valve, it recirculates back into the anode via the hydrogen recirculation pump, causing a continuous decrease in hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet. If the hydrogen concentration falls below a certain lower limit, it can lead to a low-energy fuel cell system, causing a malfunction and shutdown, impacting the fuel cell system's lifespan and driving experience.

[0003] In related technologies, the opening and closing of the hydrogen venting valve during fuel cell operation is determined entirely by the load current, without taking into account other parameters of the fuel cell. Therefore, the hydrogen venting valve cannot be accurately controlled, which sometimes leads to nitrogen not being discharged in time, and sometimes leads to excessive hydrogen discharge, which may cause voltage fluctuations in the fuel cell stack and thus affect the lifespan of the fuel cell stack. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. To this end, one objective of this invention is to propose a hydrogen exhaust valve control method for a fuel cell system. This method fully considers the nitrogen and water vapor at the fuel cell anode inlet to obtain a more accurate hydrogen concentration value at the fuel cell anode inlet. Then, when the hydrogen concentration at the fuel cell anode inlet is lower than a lower hydrogen concentration threshold, the hydrogen exhaust valve is opened for a certain period. Afterward, the hydrogen concentration value at the fuel cell anode inlet is recalculated and compared with the hydrogen concentration threshold. Based on the comparison result, it is determined whether the hydrogen exhaust valve needs to be opened until the hydrogen concentration at the fuel cell anode inlet reaches a standard value. This method can stably maintain the hydrogen concentration at the fuel cell anode inlet, thereby improving hydrogen utilization and the service life of the fuel cell.

[0005] The second objective of this invention is to provide a hydrogen discharge valve control device for a fuel cell system.

[0006] A third objective of this invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium.

[0007] The fourth objective of this invention is to provide a fuel cell system.

[0008] The fifth objective of this invention is to provide a vehicle.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for controlling a hydrogen discharge valve in a fuel cell system. This method includes: acquiring the molar amount of the current mixed gas at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, the molar amount of nitrogen in the current mixed gas, and the molar amount of water vapor; calculating the hydrogen concentration value at the anode inlet of the fuel cell based on the molar amounts of the current mixed gas, nitrogen, and water vapor; and controlling the hydrogen discharge valve to open at a set frequency when the hydrogen concentration value is less than a hydrogen concentration threshold value, until the hydrogen concentration value is greater than or equal to a standard hydrogen concentration value, at which point the hydrogen discharge valve is closed, wherein the hydrogen concentration threshold value is less than the standard hydrogen concentration value.

[0010] The hydrogen discharge valve control method for a fuel cell system according to this invention obtains the current molar amount of the mixed gas, the molar amount of nitrogen, and the molar amount of water vapor in the mixed gas at the anode inlet of the fuel cell. Then, it calculates the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet based on these values. When the hydrogen concentration is less than a hydrogen concentration threshold, the hydrogen discharge valve is controlled to open at a set frequency until the hydrogen concentration is greater than or equal to a standard hydrogen concentration value, at which point the valve is closed. Therefore, the hydrogen discharge valve control method for a fuel cell system according to this invention can more accurately calculate the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, thereby accurately controlling the hydrogen discharge valve to stabilize the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet, improving hydrogen utilization and extending the fuel cell's lifespan.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, obtaining the current molar amount of the mixed gas at the anode inlet of the fuel cell includes: obtaining the pressure and temperature at the anode inlet of the fuel cell; and calculating the current molar amount of the mixed gas based on the pressure and temperature.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the molar amount of the current mixed gas is calculated according to the following formula: PV = nRT, where P is the pressure at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, V is the volume at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, n is the molar amount of the current mixed gas, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature at the anode inlet of the fuel cell.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, obtaining the molar amount of nitrogen in the current mixed gas at the anode inlet of the fuel cell includes: obtaining the load current and temperature of the fuel cell stack; determining the nitrogen permeability of the proton exchange membrane based on the load current and temperature; calculating the first molar amount of nitrogen permeating from the fuel cell cathode to the fuel cell anode based on the nitrogen permeability; determining the second molar amount of nitrogen discharged from the fuel cell anode based on the opening time of the hydrogen discharge valve each time; and calculating the molar amount of nitrogen in the current mixed gas at the anode inlet of the fuel cell based on the first molar amount of nitrogen and the second molar amount of nitrogen.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, obtaining the molar amount of water vapor in the current mixed gas at the anode inlet of the fuel cell includes: obtaining the load current and temperature of the fuel cell stack; determining a first molar amount of water vapor based on the load current, and determining a correction factor based on the temperature; calculating a second molar amount of water vapor based on the first molar amount of water vapor and the correction factor; determining a third molar amount of water vapor discharged from the fuel cell anode based on the opening time of the hydrogen discharge valve each time; and calculating the molar amount of water vapor in the current mixed gas at the anode inlet of the fuel cell based on the second molar amount of water vapor and the third molar amount of water vapor.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet of the fuel cell is calculated according to the following formula: Where a is the hydrogen concentration value, n 氮 n is the molar amount of nitrogen in the current gas mixture. 水 The molar amount of water vapor in the current mixed gas, where n is the molar amount of the current mixed gas.

[0016] To achieve the above objectives, a second aspect of the present invention provides a hydrogen discharge valve control device for a fuel cell system. The device includes: an acquisition module for acquiring the molar amount of the current mixed gas at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, the molar amount of nitrogen in the current mixed gas, and the molar amount of water vapor; a calculation module for calculating the hydrogen concentration value at the anode inlet of the fuel cell based on the molar amount of the current mixed gas, the molar amount of nitrogen in the current mixed gas, and the molar amount of water vapor; and a control module for controlling the hydrogen discharge valve to open at a set frequency when the hydrogen concentration value is less than a hydrogen concentration threshold, and controlling the hydrogen discharge valve to close when the hydrogen concentration value is greater than or equal to a hydrogen concentration standard value, wherein the hydrogen concentration threshold is less than the hydrogen concentration standard value.

[0017] The chip power-off protection device of this invention includes an acquisition module, a calculation module, and a control module. First, the acquisition module acquires the current molar amounts of the mixed gas, nitrogen, and water vapor at the anode inlet of the fuel cell. Then, the calculation module calculates the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet based on these amounts. Finally, when the hydrogen concentration is less than a hydrogen concentration threshold, the control module controls the hydrogen discharge valve to open at a set frequency until the hydrogen concentration is greater than or equal to a standard hydrogen concentration value, at which point the valve closes. Therefore, the hydrogen discharge valve control device of this fuel cell system can more accurately calculate the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet, thereby accurately controlling the discharge valve to stabilize the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet, improving hydrogen utilization and extending the fuel cell's lifespan.

[0018] To achieve the above objectives, a third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a hydrogen exhaust valve control program for a fuel cell system. When executed by a processor, the hydrogen exhaust valve control program for the fuel cell system implements the hydrogen exhaust valve control method of the fuel cell system described in the above embodiment.

[0019] The computer-readable storage medium of this embodiment executes the hydrogen discharge valve control program of the fuel cell system of the embodiment stored thereon through a processor. This program can more accurately calculate the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, and then accurately control the hydrogen discharge valve to stabilize the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, thereby improving hydrogen utilization and the service life of the fuel cell.

[0020] To achieve the above objectives, a fourth aspect of the present invention provides a fuel cell system, which includes a memory, a processor, and a hydrogen exhaust valve control program for the fuel cell system stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the hydrogen exhaust valve control program for the fuel cell system, it implements the hydrogen exhaust valve control method of the fuel cell system described in the above embodiment.

[0021] The fuel cell system of this embodiment includes a memory, a processor, and a hydrogen discharge valve control program for the fuel cell system stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor. When the processor executes the hydrogen discharge valve control program for the fuel cell system, it can more accurately calculate the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, and then accurately control the hydrogen discharge valve so that the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet of the fuel cell can be stabilized, thereby improving the hydrogen utilization rate and the service life of the fuel cell.

[0022] To achieve the above objectives, a fifth aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle that includes the fuel cell system described in the above embodiments.

[0023] The vehicle of this invention, through the fuel cell system described in the above embodiments, can more accurately calculate the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, and then accurately control the hydrogen discharge valve to stabilize the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, thereby improving hydrogen utilization and the service life of the fuel cell.

[0024] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a hydrogen exhaust valve control method for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a hydrogen exhaust valve control method for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a hydrogen exhaust valve control method for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a hydrogen exhaust valve control method for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of a hydrogen exhaust valve control method for a fuel cell system according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of the hydrogen discharge valve control device of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a structural block diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0035] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes the hydrogen discharge valve control method and apparatus, medium, and vehicle according to embodiments of the present invention.

[0036] Currently, during the operation of a fuel cell engine, nitrogen from the air on the cathode side permeates to the anode side, increasing over time. If not removed by the hydrogen venting valve, it re-enters the anode via the hydrogen circulation pump, causing a continuous decrease in the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet. If the hydrogen concentration falls below a certain lower limit, it can lead to a low-temperature event in the fuel cell system, resulting in a fault shutdown and impacting the system's lifespan and driving experience. If the hydrogen venting valve opens and closes at specific times, excessive hydrogen may be released, potentially causing voltage fluctuations in the fuel cell stack and affecting its lifespan. The hydrogen venting valve control method of this invention fully considers the nitrogen and water vapor at the fuel cell anode inlet to obtain a more accurate hydrogen concentration value. When the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet falls below a lower hydrogen concentration threshold, the hydrogen venting valve opens for a certain period. The hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet is then recalculated and compared with the threshold value to determine whether to open the venting valve again. This process continues until the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet reaches the standard value, thus stabilizing the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet and improving hydrogen utilization and fuel cell lifespan.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a hydrogen exhaust valve control method for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention proposes a method for controlling a hydrogen discharge valve in a fuel cell system, which includes the following steps:

[0039] S10, obtain the current molar amount of the mixed gas at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, the molar amount of nitrogen in the current mixed gas, and the molar amount of water vapor.

[0040] Specifically, a schematic diagram of the fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, where, Figure 2 Only a portion of the fuel cell system is shown and labeled; other parts not shown or not labeled are not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0041] The fuel cell system in this embodiment may include a hydrogen generation module 210, a fuel cell stack module 211, a hydrogen discharge valve 212, a virtual concentration sensor module 213, and a water separator 214. The hydrogen generation module 210 includes a hydrogen storage tank, a pressure reducing valve, and a hydrogen injector to deliver hydrogen to the anode outlet of the fuel cell stack module 211. The virtual concentration sensor module 213 is connected to the hydrogen discharge valve 212 and the water separator 214 to detect and calculate the hydrogen concentration at the anode outlet and to control the opening and closing of the hydrogen discharge valve 212. The virtual concentration sensor module 213 is equipped with a mass spectrometer, which charges gas molecules and then separates the gas at the anode inlet according to the charge-to-mass ratio to obtain the molar amounts of various gases at the fuel cell anode inlet. In this embodiment, it mainly obtains the molar amounts of nitrogen and water vapor at the fuel cell anode inlet.

[0042] When obtaining the molar amount n of nitrogen... 氮 molar amount of water vapor n 水 Then, the relationship with the load current can be simulated. Under constant operating conditions, the molar amounts of various gases can be directly obtained from the load current through table lookup or calculation using the relationship. For example, when the load current is 100A, the mass spectrometer measures the molar amount n of water vapor. 水 If the molar amount is 3 moles, then the corresponding relationship with the load current can be found. Then, under unchanged operating conditions, when the load current is detected to be equal to 100A, the molar amount n of water vapor can be directly obtained by looking up a table. 水 It is 3 moles.

[0043] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the load current can be adjusted in advance during the experiment, and the corresponding gas molar amounts can be obtained and stored in tabular form as described above. After obtaining the load current, the corresponding gas molar amounts can be obtained by looking up the table. Taking the relationship between load current and the molar amount of water vapor produced as an example, as shown in Table 1, it indicates that for different load current values, the mass spectrometer detects the corresponding molar amount n of water vapor. 水 Once the gas molar value is detected, the corresponding load current value can be retrieved. Similarly, in this way, the molar quantity n of the mixed gas and the molar quantity n of nitrogen in the current mixed gas can be quickly obtained. 氮 I won't go into details here.

[0044] Table 1

[0045] 30 1 100 3 200 5 300 8

[0046] It should be noted that the data in the table above is an example of the relationship between load current and water vapor molar amount, and does not impose specific limits on the values.

[0047] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention only provide a specific example of obtaining the molar amount n of water vapor. 水 This can be explained by the following method: Alternatively, the gas molar amounts corresponding to the maximum and minimum load currents can be calibrated using a calibration method to find the corresponding linear relationship. This relationship can then be written into the software, and the gas molar amounts can be obtained based on the load current. However, this method does not address the determination of the molar amounts n of the mixed gas and nitrogen gas in this application. 氮 molar amount of water vapor n 水 The method is to limit it.

[0048] The following describes in detail the methods for obtaining the molar amount of the current mixed gas at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, the molar amount of nitrogen in the current mixed gas, and the molar amount of water vapor.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present invention, the molar amount of the current mixed gas at the anode inlet of the fuel cell is obtained, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0050] S301, obtain the pressure and temperature at the anode inlet of the fuel cell.

[0051] S302 calculates the molar amount of the current mixed gas based on pressure and temperature.

[0052] Specifically, to obtain the current molar quantity of the mixed gas at the fuel cell anode inlet according to the gas molar quantity calculation formula, the inlet pressure and temperature need to be considered. The molar quantity of the mixed gas at this time is calculated based on the current pressure and temperature. Monitoring structures are installed at the fuel cell anode inlet and outlet to monitor the fuel cell anode pressure and temperature. By collecting the actual temperature of the fuel cell anode inlet and the fuel cell anode inlet pressure obtained from a table based on the vehicle's requested power, the current molar quantity of the mixed gas is calculated according to the formula.

[0053] In this embodiment, the molar quantity of the current mixed gas is calculated according to the following formula: PV = nRT. Where P is the pressure at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, V is the volume at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, n is the molar quantity of the current mixed gas, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature at the anode inlet of the fuel cell.

[0054] Specifically, in this embodiment, the volume occupied by n moles of gas at temperature T and pressure P is V, i.e., PV = nRT. This equation is called the ideal gas law, where R is the ideal gas constant, whose value is independent of the type of gas and only depends on the unit. Therefore, after obtaining the pressure, temperature, and volume at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, the molar amount of the current mixed gas can be calculated. Furthermore, if the molar mass of the mixed gas and the volume fraction of nitrogen and water vapor in the mixed gas can be obtained, the molar amounts of nitrogen and water vapor can be obtained. For example, since the molar mass of oxygen is 32 and its volume fraction in air is approximately 20%, and the molar mass of nitrogen is 28 and its volume fraction in air is approximately 80%, then the molar mass of air is 32 * 20% + 28 * 80% = 28.8. That is to say, the molar amount of the mixed gas is mainly composed of water vapor, nitrogen, and hydrogen, and the molar amount of the mixed gas can also be obtained based on the molar masses of water vapor, nitrogen, and hydrogen and the volume fraction of each gas.

[0055] It should be noted that in a fuel cell system, the hydrogen consumed comes from a hydrogen storage tank, and then passes through a pressure reducing valve, hydrogen injector, etc. to reach the anode inlet. Based on the power requested by the vehicle, the corresponding anode inlet pressure can be determined by looking up a table, and the anode inlet pressure can be adjusted by adjusting the duty cycle of the hydrogen injector.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present invention, the molar amount of nitrogen in the current mixed gas at the anode inlet of the fuel cell is obtained, such as... Figure 4 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0057] S401, obtains the load current and temperature of the fuel cell stack.

[0058] S402, the nitrogen permeability of the proton exchange membrane is determined based on the load current and temperature.

[0059] S403, calculate the first molar amount of nitrogen permeating from the fuel cell cathode to the fuel cell anode based on the nitrogen permeability.

[0060] S404 determines the second molar amount of nitrogen discharged from the fuel cell anode based on the opening time of the hydrogen discharge valve each time.

[0061] S405, calculate the molar amount of nitrogen in the current mixed gas at the anode inlet of the fuel cell based on the first and second molar amounts of nitrogen.

[0062] Specifically, the nitrogen in the mixed gas is produced by the permeation of air from the cathode side to the anode side through the proton exchange membrane. The nitrogen permeation rate is related to the stack temperature and current. Therefore, during normal operation, the first molar amount of nitrogen permeating from the cathode side to the anode, n2, can be obtained by looking up a table. In addition, if the hydrogen venting valve is opened, some nitrogen will be discharged and will no longer enter the anode inlet through the hydrogen circulation pump. Therefore, the second molar amount of nitrogen discharged after the hydrogen venting valve is opened can be obtained by looking up a table based on the opening time of the hydrogen venting valve, n3. Thus, the molar amount of nitrogen in the current mixed gas, n4, can be obtained, where n4 = n2 - n3.

[0063] It should be noted that this embodiment can collect the anode inlet temperature and load current of the fuel cell by monitoring the anode pressure, temperature, and load current. The nitrogen permeation rate of the proton exchange membrane is measured using a mass spectrometer, and the initial molar amount of nitrogen permeating from the fuel cell cathode to the fuel cell anode, n2, is obtained by integrating the nitrogen permeation rate. In this embodiment, the relationship between load current, stack temperature, and nitrogen permeation rate can be obtained in advance in the experiment using the above method and stored in tabular form. It is understood that after obtaining the load current or stack temperature, the corresponding initial molar amount of nitrogen, n2, can be obtained by looking up the table. Table 2 shows the relationship between different load current values, stack temperature, and nitrogen permeation rate. From Table 2, it can be concluded that, with a constant stack temperature, a higher load current results in a higher permeation rate; conversely, with a constant load current, a higher stack temperature also results in a higher permeation rate.

[0064] Table 2

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] It should be noted that the data in the table above are examples of the relationship between load current, stack temperature and nitrogen permeation rate of proton exchange membrane, and do not specify the values. Furthermore, the units of the data will change for different types of batteries, so the units of the values ​​in the table above are not limited in detail and can be adjusted accordingly for different batteries.

[0068] Furthermore, based on the opening time of the hydrogen venting valve, the nitrogen emission rate is determined using a mass spectrometer. Then, the molar amount of the second nitrogen emitted from the fuel cell anode is obtained by integrating the nitrogen emission rate. In this embodiment, the relationship between the opening time of the hydrogen venting valve and the nitrogen emission rate can be obtained in advance during the experiment using the method described above, and stored in tabular form. It is understood that after obtaining the opening time of the hydrogen venting valve, the corresponding molar amount of the second nitrogen, n3, can be obtained by looking up the table. As shown in Table 3, the relationship between the opening time of different hydrogen venting valves and the nitrogen emission rate is illustrated. The table shows that the longer the opening time of the hydrogen venting valve, the greater the nitrogen emission rate.

[0069] Table 3

[0070] Nitrogen emission rate 1 1.5 2.5 4

[0071] It should be noted that the data in the table above is an example of the relationship between the opening time of the exhaust valve and the nitrogen emission rate, and does not specify any particular value. Furthermore, the units of the data will change accordingly for different types of batteries, so the units of the values ​​in the table above are not limited in detail and can be adjusted adaptively for different batteries.

[0072] In some embodiments of the present invention, the molar amount of water vapor in the current mixed gas at the anode inlet of the fuel cell is obtained, such as... Figure 5 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0073] S501 obtains the load current and temperature of the fuel cell stack.

[0074] S502, determine the first water vapor molar amount based on the load current, and determine the correction factor based on the temperature.

[0075] S503, calculate the second molar amount of water vapor based on the first molar amount of water vapor and the correction factor.

[0076] S504, determine the molar amount of third water vapor discharged from the anode of the fuel cell based on the opening time of the hydrogen discharge valve each time.

[0077] S505, calculate the molar amount of water vapor in the current mixed gas at the anode inlet of the fuel cell based on the second and third molar amounts of water vapor.

[0078] Specifically, water vapor in the mixed gas is generated through an electrochemical reaction, which can be obtained from a table using the load current, but requires correction based on the stack temperature. The water is separated into gas and liquid states by the water separator 214; the liquid water is discharged directly through the drain valve. The water vapor molar quantity is obtained by looking up the first water vapor molar quantity using the load current, and then a correction factor is obtained from the obtained stack temperature table to correct the first water vapor molar quantity, resulting in the second water vapor molar quantity n7. In addition, if the hydrogen vent valve opens, some water vapor will be discharged, no longer entering the anode inlet via the hydrogen circulation pump. The third water vapor molar quantity n6 discharged after the hydrogen vent valve opens is obtained from a table based on the opening time of the hydrogen vent valve. By measuring the change in the water vapor molar quantity before and after the hydrogen vent valve, the final water vapor molar quantity n5 in the current mixed gas is obtained, where n5 = n7 - n6.

[0079] This embodiment uses a monitoring structure to monitor the stack temperature and load current to obtain the temperature and load current at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, and then determines the first molar amount of water vapor using a mass spectrometer. In this embodiment, the relationship between load current and water vapor molar amount can be obtained in advance during the experiment using the method described above, and stored in tabular form. After obtaining the load current or stack temperature, the corresponding molar amount of water vapor can be obtained by looking up the table. As shown in Table 3, the relationship between different load current values ​​and the corresponding molar amounts of water vapor is shown. It can be seen that the larger the load current, the greater the corresponding molar amount of water vapor.

[0080] Table 4

[0081] number of water vapor moles 1 3 5 8

[0082] It should be noted that the data in the table above is an example of the relationship between load current and the number of moles of water vapor, and does not specify any particular value. Furthermore, the units of the data will change accordingly for different types of batteries, so the units in the table are not strictly defined and can be adjusted for different batteries. It should also be noted that the first molar amount of water vapor is obtained from the table using the load current, but needs to be corrected for the stack temperature. This is mainly because the molar amount of water vapor is greatly affected by temperature. For example, when the temperature of liquid water exceeds 100 degrees Celsius (or exceeds the boiling point), water molecules absorb sufficient internal energy, which is converted into repulsive forces that break free from molecular bonds, increasing the distance between molecules, and causing water to change from a liquid state to water vapor. This embodiment obtains the relationship between stack temperature and the first molar amount of water vapor by monitoring the fuel cell stack temperature and determining the first molar amount of water vapor using a mass spectrometer, calculates the stack temperature correction coefficient, and stores it in tabular form. During fuel cell operation, the corresponding temperature correction coefficient is obtained by looking up the table. As shown in Table 5, the relationship between different stack temperatures and the correction coefficient is illustrated. It can be seen from the table that the higher the stack temperature, the larger the correction coefficient.

[0083] Table 5

[0084] Correction coefficient 0.1 3 5 8

[0085] It should be noted that the data in the table above is an example of the relationship between the stack temperature and the correction factor, and does not specify the values. Furthermore, the units of the data will change for different types of batteries, so the units of the values ​​in the table are not limited in detail and can be adjusted accordingly for different batteries.

[0086] Furthermore, based on the opening time of the hydrogen venting valve, the water vapor emission rate is determined using a mass spectrometer. Then, the molar amount of third water vapor discharged from the fuel cell anode, n6, is obtained by integrating the water vapor emission rate. In this embodiment, the relationship between the opening time of the hydrogen venting valve and the water vapor emission rate can be obtained in advance in the experiment using the above method and stored in tabular form. It is understood that after obtaining the cumulative opening time of the hydrogen venting valve, the corresponding molar amount of third water vapor, n6, can be obtained by looking up the table. As shown in Table 6, the relationship between the opening time of different hydrogen venting valves and the water vapor emission rate is illustrated. It can be seen from the table that the longer the opening time of the hydrogen venting valve, the greater the water vapor emission rate.

[0087] Table 6

[0088] Water vapor emission rate 1 1.5 2.5 4

[0089] It should be noted that the data in the table above is an example of the relationship between the opening time of the exhaust valve and the water vapor emission rate, and does not specify the values. Furthermore, the units of the data will change accordingly for different types of batteries, so the units of the values ​​in the table above are not limited in detail and can be adjusted adaptively for different batteries.

[0090] S20, calculate the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet of the fuel cell based on the current molar amount of the mixed gas, the molar amount of nitrogen in the current mixed gas, and the molar amount of water vapor.

[0091] Specifically, in this embodiment, the pressure and temperature are obtained through a monitoring structure for the fuel cell anode pressure, temperature, and load current. The molar amount n of the mixed gas is calculated based on the current pressure and temperature. The molar amount of nitrogen before and after the hydrogen vent valve is obtained from a table, and the molar amount n4 of nitrogen in the current mixed gas can be calculated by comparison. Similarly, the molar amount of water vapor before and after the hydrogen vent valve is obtained from a table, and the molar amount n5 of water vapor in the current mixed gas is calculated by comparison. Finally, the hydrogen concentration at the fuel cell anode inlet is calculated using a formula.

[0092] In some embodiments of the present invention, the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet of the fuel cell is calculated according to the following formula: Where a is the hydrogen concentration value, n 氮 n represents the molar amount of nitrogen in the current gas mixture. 水 Let n be the molar amount of water vapor in the current gas mixture, and n be the molar amount of the current gas mixture.

[0093] Specifically, in this embodiment, the anode is considered as a whole. By measuring the inlet pressure and temperature, and according to the gas state equation PV = nRT in the above embodiment, the amount of mixed gas substance n in the entire anode pipeline can be obtained. Then, by subtracting the proportions of nitrogen and water vapor in the current amount of mixed gas substance n in the anode pipeline from the total amount, the hydrogen concentration can be obtained. For example, in this embodiment, the molar amount of the mixed gas is calculated as n1 based on the current pressure and temperature. The molar amount of nitrogen before and after the hydrogen vent valve is obtained from a table, and by comparison, the molar amount of nitrogen in the mixed gas at this time can be calculated as n4. Similarly, by comparison, the molar amount of water vapor in the current mixed gas is obtained as n5. The hydrogen concentration at the fuel cell anode inlet is then calculated using the formula:

[0094] S30: When the hydrogen concentration value is less than the hydrogen concentration threshold, control the hydrogen discharge valve to open at a set frequency until the hydrogen concentration value is greater than or equal to the standard hydrogen concentration value, then control the hydrogen discharge valve to close, and the hydrogen concentration threshold is less than the standard hydrogen concentration value.

[0095] Specifically, after calculating the hydrogen concentration at the fuel cell anode inlet, this hydrogen concentration is compared with a hydrogen concentration threshold. If the hydrogen concentration at the fuel cell anode inlet is determined to be less than the hydrogen concentration threshold, the hydrogen venting valve is controlled to open at a set frequency. This cycle continues until the hydrogen concentration is greater than or equal to the standard hydrogen concentration value, at which point the hydrogen venting valve is controlled to close. In other words, when the hydrogen concentration at the fuel cell anode inlet is less than the hydrogen concentration threshold, the hydrogen venting valve is controlled to open for a preset time and then close. Since the opening of the hydrogen venting valve affects the outward discharge of nitrogen and water vapor from the fuel cell anode inlet, thus affecting the hydrogen concentration, the hydrogen concentration at the fuel cell anode inlet is recalculated, and the difference between this hydrogen concentration and the hydrogen concentration threshold is reassessed. The hydrogen venting valve is then controlled again until the hydrogen concentration at the fuel cell anode inlet is greater than or equal to the standard hydrogen concentration value, at which point the hydrogen venting valve is controlled to close.

[0096] More specifically, the opening time of the hydrogen venting valve is controlled by software. For example, the opening time cycle of the hydrogen venting valve is set to 10ms. After the 10ms cycle ends, the corresponding molar amount of nitrogen and the molar amount of water vapor in the current mixed gas are obtained from a table based on the opening time of 10ms. The hydrogen concentration is then calculated. If the hydrogen concentration is less than the set hydrogen concentration threshold, the hydrogen venting valve continues to open for another 10ms. The cumulative opening time of the hydrogen venting valve is 20ms. The corresponding molar amount of nitrogen and the molar amount of water vapor in the current mixed gas are obtained from a table based on the opening time of 20ms. The hydrogen concentration is then calculated. This process is repeated, and the hydrogen venting valve is controlled to open at a set frequency until the hydrogen concentration is greater than or equal to the standard hydrogen concentration value. At this point, the hydrogen venting valve is closed.

[0097] It should be noted that the setting of hydrogen concentration threshold and standard value is related to the hydrogen collection environment, equipment, and method. The standard value generally refers to the hydrogen concentration at which the fuel cell operates stably under current operating conditions, while the threshold value generally refers to the hydrogen concentration at which the system can operate without failure under current conditions. The threshold value is lower than the standard value. When the calculated hydrogen concentration is obtained, it is first compared with the threshold. If the hydrogen concentration is lower than the set threshold, the hydrogen venting valve is opened until the hydrogen concentration exceeds the standard value, at which point the valve closes. This allows the hydrogen concentration to fluctuate between the set threshold and standard values, ensuring stable operation of the fuel cell system and avoiding frequent opening and closing of the venting valve.

[0098] Understandably, nitrogen from the air on the cathode side will permeate to the anode side, and the amount increases over time. As the hydrogen circulation pump re-enters the anode, the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet continuously decreases. When the hydrogen concentration falls below a set threshold, the hydrogen discharge valve is opened to release the mixed gas at the anode outlet into the atmosphere, thus preventing a single-low-temperature fault.

[0099] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of a hydrogen exhaust valve control method for a fuel cell system according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0100] As a specific example of the present invention, such as Figure 6 As shown, monitoring structures for monitoring fuel cell anode pressure, temperature, and load current are first installed at the anode inlet and outlet of the fuel cell. Treating the anode as a whole, by measuring the inlet pressure and temperature, the amount of the mixed gas at the fuel cell anode inlet, n1, can be obtained according to the ideal gas law. The mixed gas contains hydrogen, nitrogen, and water vapor generated by electrochemical reactions. Nitrogen can permeate from the cathode, and water vapor can be generated through electrochemical reactions. Since the nitrogen in the mixed gas permeates from the cathode side to the anode side through the proton exchange membrane, the permeation rate of the fuel cell stack needs to be tested. The permeation rate is related to the stack temperature and current. Therefore, during normal operation, the molar amount of nitrogen permeating from the cathode side to the anode, n2, can be obtained by looking up a table. In addition, if the hydrogen venting valve opens, some nitrogen will be discharged and will no longer enter the anode inlet through the hydrogen circulation pump. The molar amount of discharged nitrogen, n3, can be obtained by looking up a table based on the opening time of the hydrogen venting valve. Therefore, the current molar amount of nitrogen at the anode inlet is n4 = n2 - n3. The molar amount of water vapor in the gas mixture can be obtained by looking up the table using the load current. After correction using the stack temperature, the molar amount of water vapor is given as n7. The molar amount of water vapor discharged, n6, is obtained by looking up the table based on the hydrogen venting valve opening time. The current molar amount of water vapor at the anode inlet, n5, is n7 - n6. Based on the current molar amounts of nitrogen (n4) and water vapor (n5) at the anode inlet, the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet can be calculated as follows: When the hydrogen concentration 'a' falls below the set threshold, the hydrogen venting valve will be opened for a preset time. Only after the hydrogen concentration is recalculated and the hydrogen venting valve is re-determined, will the hydrogen concentration reach the standard value.

[0101] In summary, the hydrogen venting valve control method of the fuel cell system in this embodiment of the invention fully considers the nitrogen and water vapor at the fuel cell anode inlet to obtain a more accurate hydrogen concentration value at the fuel cell anode inlet. Then, when the hydrogen concentration at the fuel cell anode inlet is lower than the lower hydrogen concentration threshold, the hydrogen venting valve is opened for a certain period of time. After that, the hydrogen concentration value at the fuel cell anode inlet is recalculated and compared with the hydrogen concentration threshold to determine whether to open the hydrogen venting valve. This process continues until the hydrogen concentration at the fuel cell anode inlet reaches the standard value, thereby stably maintaining the hydrogen concentration at the fuel cell anode inlet, improving hydrogen utilization and the service life of the fuel cell.

[0102] Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of the hydrogen discharge valve control device of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0103] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 As shown, the present invention proposes a hydrogen exhaust valve control device 70 for a fuel cell system, which includes a data acquisition module 701, a calculation module 702, and a control module 703.

[0104] In this embodiment, the acquisition module 701 is used to acquire the molar amount of the current mixed gas at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, the molar amount of nitrogen in the current mixed gas, and the molar amount of water vapor; the calculation module 702 is used to calculate the hydrogen concentration value at the anode inlet of the fuel cell based on the molar amount of the current mixed gas, the molar amount of nitrogen in the current mixed gas, and the molar amount of water vapor; the control module 703 is used to control the hydrogen discharge valve to open at a set frequency when the hydrogen concentration value is less than the hydrogen concentration threshold, until the hydrogen concentration value is greater than or equal to the hydrogen concentration standard value, and then control the hydrogen discharge valve to close, where the hydrogen concentration threshold is less than the hydrogen concentration standard value.

[0105] In one embodiment of the present invention, the acquisition module 701 is specifically used to acquire the pressure and temperature at the anode inlet of the fuel cell; and to calculate the molar amount of the current mixed gas based on the pressure and temperature.

[0106] In one embodiment of the present invention, the acquisition module 701 is specifically used to calculate the molar amount of the current mixed gas according to the following formula: PV=nRT, where P is the pressure at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, V is the volume at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, n is the molar amount of the current mixed gas, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature at the anode inlet of the fuel cell.

[0107] In one embodiment of the present invention, the acquisition module 701 is specifically used to: acquire the load current and temperature of the fuel cell; determine the nitrogen permeability of the proton exchange membrane based on the load current and temperature; calculate the first molar amount of nitrogen permeating from the fuel cell cathode to the fuel cell anode based on the nitrogen permeability; determine the second molar amount of nitrogen discharged from the fuel cell anode based on the opening time of the hydrogen discharge valve each time; and calculate the molar amount of nitrogen in the current mixed gas at the fuel cell anode inlet based on the first and second molar amounts of nitrogen.

[0108] In one embodiment of the present invention, the acquisition module 701 is specifically used to: acquire the load current and temperature of the fuel cell; determine a first molar amount of water vapor based on the load current and a correction factor based on the temperature; calculate a second molar amount of water vapor based on the first molar amount of water vapor and the correction factor; determine a third molar amount of water vapor discharged from the anode of the fuel cell based on the opening time of the hydrogen discharge valve each time; and calculate the molar amount of water vapor in the current mixed gas at the anode inlet of the fuel cell based on the second molar amount of water vapor and the third molar amount of water vapor.

[0109] In one embodiment of the present invention, the calculation module 702 is specifically used to calculate the hydrogen concentration value at the anode inlet of the fuel cell according to the following formula: Where a is the hydrogen concentration value, n 氮 n represents the molar amount of nitrogen in the current gas mixture. 水 Let n be the molar amount of water vapor in the current gas mixture, and n be the molar amount of the current gas mixture.

[0110] It should be noted that for details not disclosed in the hydrogen exhaust valve control device of the fuel cell system in this embodiment of the invention, please refer to the details disclosed in the hydrogen exhaust valve control method of the fuel cell system in this embodiment of the invention, which will not be repeated here.

[0111] In summary, the hydrogen discharge valve control device for the fuel cell system of this embodiment includes an acquisition module, a calculation module, and a control module. First, the acquisition module acquires the current molar amount of the mixed gas, the molar amount of nitrogen, and the molar amount of water vapor at the anode inlet of the fuel cell. Then, the calculation module calculates the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet based on these molar amounts. Finally, the control module controls the hydrogen discharge valve to open at a set frequency when the hydrogen concentration is less than a hydrogen concentration threshold, and controls it to close when the hydrogen concentration is greater than or equal to a standard hydrogen concentration value. The hydrogen concentration threshold is less than the standard hydrogen concentration value. Therefore, the hydrogen discharge valve control device for the fuel cell system of this embodiment can more accurately calculate the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, thereby accurately controlling the hydrogen discharge valve to stabilize the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet, improving hydrogen utilization and extending the fuel cell's lifespan.

[0112] Furthermore, the present invention also proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing a hydrogen exhaust valve control program for a fuel cell system, which, when executed by a processor, implements the hydrogen exhaust valve control method of the fuel cell system described in the above embodiments.

[0113] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium, by executing a hydrogen discharge valve control program of an embodiment of a fuel cell system stored thereon via a processor, can more accurately calculate the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, thereby accurately controlling the hydrogen discharge valve to stabilize the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, thereby improving hydrogen utilization and the service life of the fuel cell.

[0114] Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0115] Furthermore, such as Figure 8 As shown, the present invention also proposes a fuel cell system 80, which includes a memory 801, a processor 802, and a hydrogen discharge valve control program of the fuel cell system stored in the memory 801 and executable on the processor 802. When the processor 802 executes the program, it implements the hydrogen discharge valve control method of the fuel cell system described in the above embodiment.

[0116] The fuel cell system of this invention includes a memory, a processor, and a hydrogen discharge valve control program for the fuel cell system stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the hydrogen discharge valve control program for the fuel cell system, it can more accurately calculate the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, and then accurately control the hydrogen discharge valve so that the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet of the fuel cell can be stabilized, thereby improving the hydrogen utilization rate and the service life of the fuel cell.

[0117] Figure 9 This is a structural block diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0118] Furthermore, such as Figure 9 As shown, the present invention proposes a vehicle 90, which includes the fuel cell system 80 in the above embodiments.

[0119] The vehicle of this invention, through the fuel cell system described in the above embodiments, can more accurately calculate the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, and then accurately control the hydrogen discharge valve to stabilize the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, thereby improving hydrogen utilization and the service life of the fuel cell.

[0120] It should be noted that the logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-included system, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit programs for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include: an electrical connection having one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk drive (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disc read-only memory (CDROM). Alternatively, the computer-readable medium may be paper or other suitable media on which the program can be printed, since the program can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing as necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0121] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0122] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0123] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the embodiments of this invention are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated in this embodiment. Therefore, features defined with terms such as "first" and "second" in the embodiments of this invention can explicitly or implicitly indicate that the embodiment includes at least one of those features. In the description of this invention, the word "multiple" means at least two or more, such as two, three, four, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified in the embodiments.

[0124] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited in the embodiments, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" appearing in the embodiments should be interpreted broadly. For example, a connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can also be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, etc. Of course, it can also be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components, or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific implementation.

[0125] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0126] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the hydrogen discharge valve of a fuel cell system, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the molar amount of the current mixed gas at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, the molar amount of nitrogen in the current mixed gas, and the molar amount of water vapor; The hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet of the fuel cell is calculated based on the molar amount of the current mixed gas, the molar amount of nitrogen in the current mixed gas, and the molar amount of water vapor. When the hydrogen concentration value is less than the hydrogen concentration threshold, the hydrogen discharge valve is controlled to open at a set frequency until the hydrogen concentration value is greater than or equal to the hydrogen concentration standard value, at which point the hydrogen discharge valve is controlled to close, and the hydrogen concentration threshold is less than the hydrogen concentration standard value.

2. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the current molar amount of the mixed gas at the anode inlet of the fuel cell includes: The pressure and temperature at the anode inlet of the fuel cell are obtained; The molar amount of the current mixed gas is calculated based on the pressure and temperature.

3. The control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The molar amount of the current gas mixture is calculated using the following formula: PV = nRT Where P is the pressure at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, V is the volume at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, n is the molar amount of the current mixed gas, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature at the anode inlet of the fuel cell.

4. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the molar amount of nitrogen in the current mixed gas at the anode inlet of the fuel cell includes: Obtain the load current and temperature of the fuel cell stack; The nitrogen permeability of the proton exchange membrane is determined based on the load current and temperature. Calculate the first molar amount of nitrogen permeating from the fuel cell cathode to the fuel cell anode based on the nitrogen permeability; The molar amount of second nitrogen gas discharged from the anode of the fuel cell is determined based on the opening time of the hydrogen discharge valve each time. The molar amount of nitrogen in the current mixed gas at the anode inlet of the fuel cell is calculated based on the first and second molar amounts of nitrogen.

5. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the molar amount of water vapor in the current mixed gas at the anode inlet of the fuel cell includes: Obtain the load current and temperature of the fuel cell stack; The first water vapor molar amount is determined based on the load current, and the correction factor is determined based on the temperature; Calculate the second molar amount of water vapor based on the first molar amount of water vapor and the correction factor; The molar amount of third water vapor discharged from the anode of the fuel cell is determined based on the opening time of the hydrogen discharge valve each time. The molar amount of water vapor in the current mixed gas at the anode inlet of the fuel cell is calculated based on the second and third molar amounts of water vapor.

6. The control method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet of the fuel cell is calculated using the following formula: Where a is the hydrogen concentration value, n 氮 n is the molar amount of nitrogen in the current gas mixture. 水 The molar amount of water vapor in the current mixed gas, where n is the molar amount of the current mixed gas.

7. A hydrogen discharge valve control device for a fuel cell system, characterized in that, The device includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire the molar amount of the current mixed gas at the anode inlet of the fuel cell, the molar amount of nitrogen and the molar amount of water vapor in the current mixed gas; The calculation module is used to calculate the hydrogen concentration at the anode inlet of the fuel cell based on the molar amount of the current mixed gas, the molar amount of nitrogen in the current mixed gas, and the molar amount of water vapor. The control module is used to control the hydrogen discharge valve to open at a set frequency when the hydrogen concentration value is less than the hydrogen concentration threshold, and to control the hydrogen discharge valve to close when the hydrogen concentration value is greater than or equal to the hydrogen concentration standard value, wherein the hydrogen concentration threshold is less than the hydrogen concentration standard value.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores a hydrogen exhaust valve control program for a fuel cell system, which, when executed by a processor, implements the hydrogen exhaust valve control method for a fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1-6.

9. A fuel cell system, characterized in that, The method includes a memory, a processor, and a hydrogen exhaust valve control program for a fuel cell system stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the hydrogen exhaust valve control program for the fuel cell system, it implements the hydrogen exhaust valve control method for the fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1-6.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the fuel cell system as described in claim 9.

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