A new energy vehicle thermal management system adaptive to extremely cold working conditions

Abstract

The application provides a new energy automobile thermal management system suitable for extremely cold working conditions and belongs to the field of automobile thermal management systems. The system solves the problems of high energy consumption, difficulty in operation of a heat pump and short endurance of a traditional electric automobile under extremely cold working conditions. The system is formed by coupling a heat pump system, a hydrogen fuel cell group and a solar heat exchanger. High-temperature refrigerant compressed by a compressor is divided into two paths. One path enters a cabin to provide heat for the cabin, and the other path enters a condenser to transfer heat to cooling liquid. The cooling liquid continues to absorb heat through the solar heat exchanger, and finally, the heat is delivered to the hydrogen fuel cell group and an evaporator, thereby providing a strong foundation for promoting the development of new energy automobiles and green energy saving and emission reduction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of automotive thermal management systems, and in particular relates to a thermal management system for new energy vehicles adapted to extremely cold conditions. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing depletion of non-renewable energy sources such as oil, the development of clean energy has become a major trend for the future. Among these, the development of new energy vehicles has attracted significant attention. Currently, traditional new energy electric vehicles require a large amount of electrical energy to maintain the cabin temperature in extremely cold conditions. For new energy electric vehicles, this high energy consumption means a significantly shortened driving range. Furthermore, in extremely cold conditions, battery life and operational stability are also severely challenged. This has seriously hindered the development of new energy vehicles.

[0003] Currently, the known technologies for addressing the high energy consumption of new energy vehicles and the lifespan of hydrogen fuel cells mainly involve incorporating simple heat pump thermal management schemes and related insulation measures. However, when used alone in extremely cold conditions, heat pump systems are difficult to start due to the extremely low temperature of the heat source, requiring the use of electric heating, which consumes a significant amount of electrical energy. Meanwhile, while insulation measures can reduce heat loss in hydrogen fuel cells under extremely cold conditions, they can actually cause overheating in summer, rendering the fuel cell unusable. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to solve the problems of high heating energy consumption, difficult operation of heat pumps, and short driving range of traditional electric vehicles under extremely cold conditions, this invention proposes a new energy vehicle thermal management system adapted to extremely cold conditions. This system couples a heat pump system, a hydrogen fuel cell stack, and a solar heat exchanger to form a thermal management system. The high-temperature refrigerant after being compressed by the compressor is divided into two paths: one path enters the cabin to provide heat to the cabin, and the other path enters the condenser to transfer heat to the coolant. Subsequently, the coolant continues to absorb heat through the solar heat exchanger, and finally the heat is delivered to the hydrogen fuel cell stack and the evaporator, providing a strong foundation for promoting the development of new energy vehicles and green energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a thermal management system for new energy vehicles adapted to extremely cold conditions, comprising a cabin condenser, a refrigerant tank, a compressor, a condenser, a coolant tank, a solar heat exchanger, a motor, a hydrogen fuel cell stack, an eight-way valve, an evaporator, a throttle valve, a coolant pump, a first valve, and a second valve. The cabin condenser is sequentially connected to the throttle valve, the evaporator, the refrigerant tank, the compressor, and the first valve, forming a closed loop. The compressor outlet is divided into two paths: one path is connected to the cabin condenser via the first valve, and the other path is connected to the condenser via the second valve. The condenser is sequentially connected to the coolant tank, the solar heat exchanger, the eight-way valve, the motor, the eight-way valve, the hydrogen fuel cell stack, the eight-way valve, the coolant pump, the evaporator, and the eight-way valve, forming a closed loop.

[0006] Furthermore, driven by the compressor, the refrigerant is compressed from the refrigerant tank into a high-temperature gas, and then enters the cabin condenser and condenser through valves No. 1 and No. 2 respectively. The refrigerant then releases heat to the cabin through the cabin condenser, raising the cabin temperature. Finally, the cooled refrigerant returns to the evaporator through the throttling valve to continue absorbing heat from the heat source, completing one cycle.

[0007] Furthermore, driven by the coolant pump, the coolant flows out of the coolant tank and first passes through the solar heat exchanger to achieve primary heating. Then, it enters the motor through an eight-way valve to achieve secondary heating. Next, it enters the hydrogen fuel cell stack through an eight-way valve to release heat to the hydrogen fuel cell stack, thus heating the hydrogen fuel cell stack. It then enters the evaporator through an eight-way valve to further release heat to the refrigerant. Finally, it returns to the condenser through an eight-way valve to continue absorbing heat from the high-temperature refrigerant, completing one cycle.

[0008] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the new energy vehicle thermal management system adapted to extremely cold conditions described in this invention are:

[0009] (1) The system is a thermal management system that couples the heat pump system, the hydrogen fuel cell stack and the solar heat exchanger. The high-temperature refrigerant after being compressed by the compressor is divided into two paths. One path enters the cabin to provide heat to the cabin, and the other path enters the condenser to transfer heat to the coolant. Then the coolant continues to absorb heat through the solar heat exchanger and finally the heat is delivered to the hydrogen fuel cell stack and the evaporator.

[0010] (2) This system innovatively divides the high-temperature refrigerant flowing from the compressor into two paths. Under extremely cold conditions, one path normally supplies heat to the cabin, while the other path combines solar energy to transfer heat to the hydrogen fuel cell stack, maintaining its normal operating temperature range. Simultaneously, the refrigerant temperature passing through the hydrogen fuel cell stack is higher than that of traditional heat sources. Therefore, the evaporator can absorb heat from the higher-temperature heat source, increasing its evaporation temperature and overcoming the effects of extreme low temperatures, thereby improving heating performance. This solves the problems of high heating energy consumption, difficult operation of heat pumps, and short driving range in traditional electric vehicles under extremely cold conditions, providing a strong foundation for promoting the development of new energy vehicles and green energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0011] (3) This system not only improves the heating efficiency of the whole vehicle, reduces energy consumption, and increases range, but also ensures the normal and stable use of hydrogen fuel cells. Attached Figure Description

[0012] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a new energy vehicle thermal management system adapted to extremely cold conditions, as described in this invention.

[0014] In the diagram: 1-Cockpit condenser, 2-Refrigerant tank, 3-Compressor, 4-Condenser, 5-Coolant tank, 6-Solar heat exchanger, 7-Motor, 8-Hydrogen fuel cell stack, 9-Eight-way valve, 10-Evaporator, 11-Throttle valve, 12-Coolant pump, 13-Valve No. 1, 14-Valve No. 2. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, and the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

[0016] See Figure 1This embodiment describes a thermal management system for new energy vehicles adapted to extremely cold conditions. The gas cooler 1 is sequentially connected to a throttle valve 11, an evaporator 10, a refrigerant tank 2, a compressor 3, and a first valve 13, forming a closed loop. The compressor 3 outlet is divided into two paths: one path is connected to the cabin condenser 1 via the first valve 13, and the other path is connected to the condenser 4 via the second valve 14. The condenser 4 is sequentially connected to a coolant tank 5, a solar heat exchanger 6, an eight-way valve 9, a motor 7, an eight-way valve 9, a hydrogen fuel cell stack 8, an eight-way valve 9, a coolant pump 12, an evaporator 10, and another eight-way valve 9, forming a closed loop.

[0017] The condenser 4 is connected in sequence to the coolant tank 5, the solar heat exchanger 6, the eight-way valve 9, and the motor 7 to form a heat storage unit.

[0018] The motor 7 is connected in sequence to the eight-way valve 9, the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8, the eight-way valve 9, the coolant pump 12, and the evaporator 10 to form a heat release unit.

[0019] The coolant in the coolant tank 5 flows sequentially through the solar heat exchanger 6, the eight-way valve 9, the motor 7, the eight-way valve 9, the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8, the eight-way valve 9, the coolant pump 12, the evaporator 10, the eight-way valve 9, and the condenser 4 to form a cycle.

[0020] Driven by compressor 3, the refrigerant is compressed from refrigerant tank 2 into high-temperature gas by compressor 3, and then enters cabin condenser 1 and condenser 4 through valve 13 and valve 14 respectively. The refrigerant further releases heat to the cabin through cabin condenser 1, thereby raising the cabin temperature. Finally, the cooled refrigerant returns to evaporator 10 through throttle valve 11 to continue absorbing heat from the heat source, completing one cycle.

[0021] Driven by the coolant pump 12, the coolant flows out of the coolant tank 5 and first passes through the solar heat exchanger 6 to achieve a first-stage temperature increase. Then, it enters the motor 7 through the eight-way valve 9 to achieve a second-stage temperature increase. After passing through the eight-way valve 9, it enters the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8 to release heat to the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8, thus achieving a temperature increase for the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8. It then enters the evaporator 10 through the eight-way valve 9 to further release heat to the refrigerant. Finally, it returns to the condenser 4 through the eight-way valve 9 to continue absorbing heat from the high-temperature refrigerant, completing one cycle.

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention.

Claims

1. A thermal management system for new energy vehicles adapted to extremely cold conditions, characterized in that: The components include a cabin condenser (1), a refrigerant tank (2), a compressor (3), a condenser (4), a coolant tank (5), a solar heat exchanger (6), a motor (7), a hydrogen fuel cell stack (8), an eight-way valve (9), an evaporator (10), a throttle valve (11), a coolant pump (12), a first valve (13), and a second valve (14). The cabin condenser (1) is connected in sequence to the throttle valve (11), the evaporator (10), the refrigerant tank (2), the compressor (3), and the first valve (13). The compressor (3) outlet is divided into two paths, one of which is connected to the cabin condenser (1) via valve 13, and the other of which is connected to the condenser (4) via valve 2 (14). The condenser (4) is connected in sequence to the coolant tank (5), the solar heat exchanger (6), the eight-way valve (9), the motor (7), the eight-way valve (9), the hydrogen fuel cell stack (8), the eight-way valve (9), the coolant pump (12), the evaporator (10), and the eight-way valve (9), forming a closed loop. Driven by the compressor (3), the refrigerant is compressed from the refrigerant tank (2) into a high-temperature gas by the compressor (3), and then enters the cabin condenser (1) and condenser (4) through valve 1 (13) and valve 2 (14) respectively. The refrigerant releases heat to the cabin through the cabin condenser (1), thereby raising the cabin temperature. Finally, the cooled refrigerant returns to the evaporator (10) through the throttle valve (11) to continue absorbing heat from the heat source, completing one cycle. Driven by the coolant pump (12), the coolant flows out of the coolant tank (5), first passes through the solar heat exchanger (6) to achieve a first-stage temperature rise, then enters the motor (7) through the eight-way valve (9) to achieve a second-stage temperature rise, and then enters the hydrogen fuel cell stack (8) through the eight-way valve (9) to release heat to the hydrogen fuel cell stack (8), thus achieving a temperature rise of the hydrogen fuel cell stack (8). It then enters the evaporator (10) through the eight-way valve (9) to release heat to the refrigerant, and finally returns to the condenser (4) through the eight-way valve (9) to continue absorbing heat from the high-temperature refrigerant, completing one cycle.

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