A mud pressure shield tunneling normal pressure cutter head hob cutter barrel slag accumulation prevention device

Abstract

The application discloses a mud water shield constant pressure cutter head roller cutter barrel anti-slag accumulation device and belongs to a cross-river sea tunnel engineering equipment, which comprises an anti-adhesive applying device, the anti-adhesive applying device is arranged in the cutter barrel, the anti-adhesive applying device is communicated with an anti-adhesive storage through an anti-adhesive pipeline, a pressure pump is arranged on the anti-adhesive pipeline, and the anti-adhesive applying device is arranged close to the outer edge of the cutter ring and can deliver the anti-adhesive to the outer edge of the cutter ring. The anti-adhesive applying device delivers the anti-adhesive to the cutter ring. The anti-adhesive applying device is composed of an anti-adhesive branch pipe and a ball, the ball can play a "ball pen" function, the ball is driven by the rolling cutter and coats the anti-adhesive in the anti-adhesive branch pipe to the surface of the rolling cutter, the ball is matched with the shape of the surface of the rolling cutter, the anti-adhesive is uniformly and comprehensively coated, the adhesion of viscous sludge to the surface of the rolling cutter can be effectively slowed down, the problems of mud accumulation of the rolling cutter and slag accumulation of the cutter barrel of the mud water shield constant pressure cutter head are fundamentally solved, the service life of the cutter is prolonged, and the shield is prevented from being frequently opened for cutter replacement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of equipment for cross-river and sea tunnel engineering, and in particular to a device for preventing slag accumulation on the cutterhead and cutter cylinder of a slurry shield tunneling machine under normal pressure. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, cross-regional tunnel projects have been launched one after another, among which cross-river and sea tunnels are the main form of cross-regional tunnels. Cross-river and sea tunnels are characterized by high water pressure, large cross-section, and long distance during construction, and are generally excavated using slurry shield tunneling. Long-distance excavation of slurry shield tunnels will encounter problems such as cutter wear and failure. For the purpose of safety and quick replacement of cutterheads, atmospheric pressure replaceable cutterheads are widely used in large-diameter slurry shield tunneling machines.

[0003] Due to the unique structural characteristics of the cutterhead, a gap exists between the cutter and the cutter barrel. Fine soil particles accumulated during long-term tunneling can easily become trapped in this gap, causing soil buildup in the cutter barrel. This is especially true when tunneling through cohesive strata, where cohesive soil is more likely to accumulate in the gap, leading to cutterhead rolling failure and uneven cutter wear. Uneven cutter wear is an abnormal wear of the cutter and is the most common form of cutterhead damage in shield tunneling in hard rock strata.

[0004] Currently, the main measures to prevent and control cutterhead slag accumulation include: increasing the cutterhead replacement frequency; placing materials such as wood chips or polyurethane in the cutterhead gap; and using water flow or mud to flush the gap. However, these methods are not very effective in actual construction and still cause serious problems of mud accumulation in the cutterhead gap and cutterhead blockage, which in turn leads to uneven wear damage to the cutterhead and abnormal fluctuations in mud concentration in the cutting space of the shield excavation face.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, patent application 202310040150.4 discloses "a device and method for preventing slag accumulation in a replaceable rotary cutter barrel under normal pressure," which proposes a device that uses a mechanical structure combined with liquid flushing to reduce the accumulation of slag in the cutter barrel. However, this device cannot prevent the accumulation of sticky slag in the gap between the cutters, and the sticky soil particles will still adhere to the gap between the cutters, leading to uneven wear of the cutters.

[0006] Patent application 202211698150.5 discloses "a shield tunneling anti-slag-accumulation rock-breaking cutter and control system and method", which adopts a scheme of filling the gap of the cutter barrel with a lubricating medium of a certain pressure value to avoid the accumulation of sticky slag inside the cutter barrel. However, due to the complex actual tunneling working environment and the fluctuation of water and soil pressure at the tunneling face, it is difficult to accurately control the pressure value of the lubricating medium. Moreover, the control system is relatively complex and is easily damaged in actual construction, with low stability and weak practicality.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a simple device that can prevent or slow down the adhesion of sticky slag to the cutterhead surface, which can fundamentally solve the problems of mud accumulation on the cutterhead and slag accumulation in the cutterhead of the slurry shield tunnel, extend the service life of the cutterhead, and avoid frequent opening of the shield for cutterhead replacement. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for preventing slag accumulation on the cutterhead and cutter cylinder of a slurry shield tunneling machine under normal pressure, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a device for preventing slag accumulation in a slurry shield tunneling machine's atmospheric pressure cutterhead cutter barrel, wherein a cutter is rotatably arranged inside the cutter barrel, and the cutter has an outwardly protruding cutter ring, comprising:

[0010] An anti-adhesion agent application device is provided inside the cutter barrel and is connected to an anti-adhesion agent reservoir through an anti-adhesion agent pipeline. A pressure pump is provided on the anti-adhesion agent pipeline. The anti-adhesion agent application device is located near the outer edge of the cutter ring and is capable of delivering anti-adhesion agent to the outer edge of the cutter ring.

[0011] Furthermore, the anti-adhesion agent application device includes:

[0012] An anti-adhesion branch pipe, wherein there are multiple anti-adhesion branch pipes, the openings of the multiple anti-adhesion branch pipes are arranged in a manner that adapts to the shape of the outer edge of the blade ring, and the multiple anti-adhesion branch pipes are connected to the anti-adhesion pipeline;

[0013] The ball bearing has an inwardly contracted opening in the anti-adhesion branch tube. A portion of the ball bearing is located within the anti-adhesion branch tube, with a portion extending outside the opening. A support rod is fixedly installed inside the anti-adhesion branch tube, with one end of the support rod positioned close to the ball bearing. The ball bearing is limited by the support rod and the opening of the anti-adhesion branch tube. The portion of the ball bearing outside the opening of the anti-adhesion branch tube contacts the outer edge of the cutter ring, and the outer edge of the cutter ring can drive the ball bearing to roll at the opening of the anti-adhesion branch tube.

[0014] Furthermore, the number of the balls is 10-20, and the diameter of the balls is 2-5mm.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0016] A cutter barrel cover plate is fixedly disposed at one end of the cutter barrel, and the hobbing cutter is disposed near the other end of the cutter barrel;

[0017] A support plate is provided, and a plurality of the anti-adhesion branch pipes are fixedly disposed on the support plate. The anti-adhesion branch pipes penetrate the support plate and are connected to the anti-adhesion pipeline.

[0018] A column is fixedly mounted on the cutter barrel cover plate, and a spring is provided between the column and the support plate;

[0019] Side plates are disposed on both sides of the support plate. A linear bearing is provided between the side plates and the column, and the side plates can move up and down along the length of the column.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0021] A mud pipe is installed inside the cutter barrel. One end of the mud pipe passes through the cutter barrel and is provided with a mud flushing port facing the outer edge of the cutter ring. The other end passes through the cutter barrel and is connected to a mud storage container. A pressure pump is installed on the mud pipe. There are two mud flushing ports located on the left and right sides of the cutter barrel, respectively.

[0022] Furthermore, the diameter of the mud pipe is 0.5-0.8 cm, and the diameter of the anti-adhesion agent pipe is 1-1.5 cm.

[0023] Furthermore, the angle between the mud flushing port and the roller cutter is 30-60°.

[0024] Furthermore, the cutter ring of the hob is shot peened.

[0025] Furthermore, the diameter of the pits formed by shot peening on the surface of the blade ring is 0.05-0.08 mm, and the density of the pits is 15,000-32,000 per cm². 2 .

[0026] Furthermore, the anti-adhesion agent is a surfactant.

[0027] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0028] 1. This application utilizes an anti-adhesion agent application device to deliver anti-adhesion agent to the cutterhead ring. The anti-adhesion agent application device consists of an anti-adhesion agent branch pipe and ball bearings. The ball bearings function like a "ballpoint pen," being driven by the cutterhead to apply the anti-adhesion agent from the branch pipe to the cutterhead surface. The ball bearings are shaped to fit the cutterhead surface, ensuring even and comprehensive application of the anti-adhesion agent. This effectively reduces the adhesion of sticky slag to the cutterhead surface, fundamentally solving the problems of sludge accumulation on the cutterhead and slag accumulation in the cutterhead cylinder of slurry shield tunneling machines under normal pressure, extending the service life of the cutterheads, and avoiding frequent cutterhead replacements during shield tunneling operations.

[0029] 2. To improve the adaptability of the anti-adhesion application device and enhance the tightness between the ball and the roller, thereby improving the anti-adhesion coating effect, this application includes a support plate, a column, and a side plate below the anti-adhesion application device. The column is fixed to the cutter barrel cover plate. When the roller size is large, the roller will exert downward pressure on the anti-adhesion branch pipe, support plate, and side plate as it passes the ball. The side plate can drive the device to overcome the spring force and slide downward. When the roller size is small, the spring force will lift the support plate, allowing the ball to fully adhere to the roller surface. In addition, since the wear degree of the roller varies at different positions during operation, the size of different positions of the same roller will also differ. This application can also improve the fit between the anti-adhesion application device and the roller surface through the above structure.

[0030] 3. In order to ensure that some stubborn and sticky soil particles can also be removed from the cutterhead, this application also provides mud pipelines and mud flushing ports. Through mud flushing combined with the action of anti-adhesion agent, stubborn and sticky soil particles are removed, further reducing the adhesion of sticky soil to the cutterhead surface and solving the problems of mud accumulation on the cutterhead and slag accumulation on the cutterhead of the slurry shield tunnel at normal pressure.

[0031] 4. The cutterhead ring is the structure that directly contacts the tunneling face and bears significant water and soil pressure. Therefore, the cutterhead ring is the first part of the cutterhead to come into contact with the excavated soil and is most prone to soil adhesion. This application involves shot peening the cutterhead ring. The shot-peened cutterhead ring has an uneven surface, which can exert pressure on the cohesive excavated soil outwards during the operation of the cutterhead, increasing the difficulty of cohesive soil adhesion and further reducing the adhesion of cohesive soil to the cutterhead surface. In addition, the structural strength of the cutterhead ring is greatly improved after shot peening, which can enhance the friction between it and the tunneling face and provide greater torque for the rolling and cutting of the cutterhead. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the anti-adhesion agent application device;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a side view of the hob structure;

[0036] Among them, 1. cutter barrel; 2. roller cutter; 201. cutter ring; 3. anti-adhesion agent pipeline; 4. anti-adhesion agent branch pipe; 5. ball bearing; 6. cutter barrel cover plate; 7. support plate; 8. column; 9. spring; 10. side plate; 11. linear bearing; 12. mud pipeline; 13. mud flushing port. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] Reference Figures 1-3 This invention provides a device for preventing slag accumulation in the cutterhead cylinder of a slurry shield tunneling machine under normal pressure. A cutterhead 2 is rotatably mounted inside the cylinder 1, and the cutterhead 2 has an outwardly protruding cutter ring 201. The device includes:

[0040] An anti-adhesion agent application device is installed inside the cutter barrel 1. It is connected to the anti-adhesion agent storage tank through the anti-adhesion agent pipeline 3. A pressure pump (with a delivery pressure of 0.3-0.5MPa) is installed on the anti-adhesion agent pipeline 3. The anti-adhesion agent application device is located near the outer edge of the cutter ring 201 and can deliver anti-adhesion agent to the outer edge of the cutter ring 201.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the cutter ring 201 of the hobbing cutter 2 is shot peened. The shot peening uses a diameter of 0.1-0.15 mm, and the diameter of the pits formed on the surface of the cutter ring 201 is controlled to be 0.05-0.08 mm, with a pit density of 15,000-32,000 pits / cm². 2 .

[0042] In this embodiment, the anti-adhesion agent is a surfactant primarily composed of sodium dodecyl sulfate. In other embodiments, the anti-adhesion agent may also be an alkyl glucoside, a fatty acid glyceride, a fatty acid sorbitan, etc.

[0043] like Figure 2As shown, the anti-adhesion agent application device includes: an anti-adhesion agent branch pipe 4, of which there are multiple anti-adhesion agent branch pipes 4, the openings of which are arranged in a manner adapted to the shape of the outer edge of the blade ring 201, and the multiple anti-adhesion agent branch pipes 4 are connected to the anti-adhesion agent pipeline 3; a ball bearing 5, the opening of which is inwardly contracted, the ball bearing 5 is disposed inside the anti-adhesion agent branch pipe 4 and part of the ball bearing 5 is located outside the opening of the anti-adhesion agent branch pipe 4, a support rod is fixedly disposed inside the anti-adhesion agent branch pipe 4, one end of the support rod is disposed close to the ball bearing 5, and the ball bearing 5 is limited by the support rod and the opening of the anti-adhesion agent branch pipe 4; the part of the ball bearing 5 located outside the opening of the anti-adhesion agent branch pipe 4 contacts the outer edge of the blade ring 201, and the outer edge of the blade ring 201 can drive the ball bearing 5 to roll at the opening of the anti-adhesion agent branch pipe 4.

[0044] In this embodiment, it also includes: a cutter barrel cover plate 6, which is fixedly disposed at one end of the cutter barrel 1, and the roller cutter 2 is disposed near the other end of the cutter barrel 1; a support plate 7, on which multiple anti-adhesion branch pipes 4 are fixedly disposed, the anti-adhesion branch pipes 4 penetrate the support plate 7 and are connected to the anti-adhesion pipeline 3; a column 8, which is fixedly disposed on the cutter barrel cover plate 6, and a spring 9 is disposed between the column 8 and the support plate 7; and a side plate 10, which is disposed on both sides of the support plate 7, and a linear bearing 11 is disposed between the side plate 10 and the column 8, and the side plate 10 can move up and down along the length direction of the column 8.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment also includes: a mud pipe 12, which is disposed inside the cutter barrel 1. One end of the mud pipe 1 passes through the cutter barrel 1 and is provided with a mud flushing port 13, which faces the outer edge of the cutter ring 201. The other end passes through the cutter barrel 1 and is connected to the mud storage container. A pressure pump (with a delivery pressure of 0.6-0.8 MPa) is provided on the mud pipe 12. There are two mud pipes 12, which are located on the left and right sides of the roller cutter 2, respectively.

[0046] In this embodiment, there are 13 ball bearings 5, each with a diameter of 3 mm. The diameter of the mud pipe 12 is 0.6 cm, and the diameter of the anti-adhesion pipe 3 is 1.2 cm. The angle between the mud flushing port 13 and the roller cutter 2 is 45°, and they are arranged symmetrically from left to right.

[0047] The roller cutter of this embodiment and the conventional roller cutter were used for shield tunneling in formations containing 33%, 42%, 51%, and 58% of viscous minerals, respectively. The amount of slag accumulation in cutterhead 1, the wear of cutter ring 201, and the lifespan of roller cutter 2 were statistically analyzed. The roller cutter of this embodiment and the conventional roller cutter were symmetrically installed on the same cutterhead cutting trajectory (all other working parameters and conditions were identical). The data comparison results between this embodiment and the conventional roller cutter are shown in the table below:

[0048]

[0049] As shown in the table above, the tunneling operation using this embodiment significantly reduces the amount of slag accumulated in the cutterhead 1 compared to conventional cutterheads. When the content of viscous minerals is below 42%, the reduction in slag accumulation in the cutterhead can exceed 75%. Furthermore, the cutter ring 201 shows no significant uneven wear during use, which directly affects the service life of the cutterhead 2. The average extended service life, as shown in the table, is over 2.0 km of tunneling distance. The reason why the extended service life decreases with increasing viscous mineral content is that excessive viscous mineral content slightly reduces the removal effect of viscous soil slag in this embodiment, but it still represents a qualitative leap compared to conventional cutterheads.

[0050] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0051] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preventing slag accumulation in a slurry shield tunneling machine with a cutterhead and cutter barrel under normal pressure, wherein a cutterhead (2) is rotatably arranged inside the cutter barrel (1), and the cutterhead (2) has an outwardly protruding cutter ring (201), characterized in that, include: An anti-adhesion agent application device is provided inside the blade cylinder (1). It is connected to the anti-adhesion agent reservoir through an anti-adhesion agent pipeline (3). A pressure pump is provided on the anti-adhesion agent pipeline (3). The anti-adhesion agent application device is located near the outer edge of the blade ring (201) and can deliver anti-adhesion agent to the outer edge of the blade ring (201). The anti-adhesion agent application device includes: Anti-adhesive branch pipe (4), there are multiple anti-adhesive branch pipes (4), the openings of the multiple anti-adhesive branch pipes (4) are arranged in a way that matches the shape of the outer edge of the blade ring (201), and the multiple anti-adhesive branch pipes (4) are connected to the anti-adhesive pipeline (3); The ball (5) is located inside the anti-adhesive branch pipe (4), with the opening of the anti-adhesive branch pipe (4) contracting inward. The ball (5) is located inside the anti-adhesive branch pipe (4), and part of the ball (5) is located outside the opening of the anti-adhesive branch pipe (4). A support rod is fixedly installed inside the anti-adhesive branch pipe (4). One end of the support rod is located close to the ball (5). The ball (5) is limited by the support rod and the opening of the anti-adhesive branch pipe (4). The part of the ball (5) located outside the opening of the anti-adhesive branch pipe (4) contacts the outer edge of the blade ring (201), and the outer edge of the blade ring (201) can drive the ball (5) to roll at the opening of the anti-adhesive branch pipe (4).

2. The anti-slag accumulation device for the cutterhead and cutter cylinder of a slurry shield tunneling machine under normal pressure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the balls (5) is 10-20, and the diameter of the balls (5) is 2-5mm.

3. The anti-slag accumulation device for the cutterhead and cutter cylinder of a slurry shield tunneling machine under normal pressure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The cutter tube cover plate (6) is fixedly disposed at one end of the cutter tube (1), and the hobbing cutter (2) is disposed near the other end of the cutter tube (1); A support plate (7) is provided, and a plurality of anti-adhesive branch pipes (4) are fixedly disposed on the support plate (7). The anti-adhesive branch pipes (4) penetrate the support plate (7) and are connected to the anti-adhesive pipeline (3). A column (8) is fixedly mounted on the cutter barrel cover plate (6), and a spring (9) is provided between the column (8) and the support plate (7). Side plate (10) is provided on both sides of the support plate (7). A linear bearing (11) is provided between the side plate (10) and the column (8), and the side plate (10) can move up and down along the length direction of the column (8).

4. The anti-slag accumulation device for the cutterhead and cutter cylinder of a slurry shield tunneling machine under normal pressure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The mud pipe (12) is located inside the cutter barrel (1). One end of the mud pipe (12) passes through the cutter barrel (1) and is provided with a mud flushing port (13). The mud flushing port (13) faces the outer edge of the cutter ring (201). The other end passes through the cutter barrel (1) and is connected to the mud storage container. A pressure pump is provided on the mud pipe (12). There are two mud flushing ports (13) located on the left and right sides of the roller cutter (2).

5. The anti-slag accumulation device for the cutterhead and cutter cylinder of a slurry shield tunneling machine under normal pressure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The diameter of the mud pipe (12) is 0.5-0.8cm, and the diameter of the anti-adhesion pipe (3) is 1-1.5cm.

6. The anti-slag accumulation device for the cutterhead and cutter cylinder of a slurry shield tunneling machine under normal pressure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The included angle between the mud flushing port (13) and the roller cutter (2) is 30-60°.

7. The anti-slag accumulation device for the cutterhead and cutter cylinder of a slurry shield tunneling machine under normal pressure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cutter ring (201) of the hobbing cutter (2) is shot peened.

8. The anti-slag accumulation device for the cutterhead and cutter cylinder of a slurry shield tunneling machine under normal pressure as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The diameter of the pits formed by shot peening on the surface of the blade ring (201) is 0.05-0.08 mm, and the density of the pits is 15,000-32,000 / cm². 2 .

9. The anti-slag accumulation device for the cutterhead and cutter cylinder of a slurry shield tunneling machine under normal pressure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-adhesion agent is a surfactant.

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