Gear selection and control method in agricultural machine operation mode

Abstract

This invention provides a method for gear selection and control in agricultural machinery operation modes. The cab includes: a "gear shift lever" for selecting forward, neutral, and reverse driving modes; a "high / low gear switch" for selecting high and low gears; an "accelerator pedal" for controlling vehicle speed and power requirements; and a "working mode switch" with options for low, medium, high, and road transport modes. The method combines the gear ratios of each transmission gear with the required operating speed. Through the "working mode switch," the transmission is controlled to operate within a specific shift range. This allows for a more rational range-shifting control strategy based on the work content, reducing unnecessary shifting and meeting speed requirements during operation. This enables the selection and implementation of ideal target gear control based on the tractor's operating environment, work requirements, and the driver's intentions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery transmission technology, specifically relating to a method for gear selection and control in agricultural machinery operation modes. Background Technology

[0002] Tractors can simultaneously undertake transportation and traction tasks in agricultural production activities. As the number of implements that can be fitted increases, the types of operations that can be completed gradually increase, greatly improving agricultural production efficiency.

[0003] Currently, the vast majority of tractors in my country are equipped with manual transmissions. Their inherent structure leads to complex shifting operations and a high degree of reliance on driver skill, severely impacting the quality and efficiency of tractor operation. By adding a control system and gear-shifting actuators, they can be converted into an electromechanical automatic transmission (AMT), automating the gear-shifting process. Due to its advantages such as high transmission efficiency, reliable operation, low cost, and good production continuity, it is an ideal solution for automating agricultural machinery.

[0004] Tractors, when combined with different agricultural implements, can perform operations such as deep plowing, rotary tilling, fertilizing, sowing, and harvesting in the fields. The diversity of their operating conditions, the randomness of their working environment, and the complexity of their operating states mean that tractor shifting strategies differ somewhat from those of automobiles. Therefore, automobile shifting strategies cannot be directly applied to the automatic shifting of tractors. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the characteristics of agricultural machinery transmission systems compared to vehicles, such as more gears, smaller speed ratio differences, and strict speed range control during operation. It proposes a gear selection and control method suitable for tractor operating modes, so as to select and implement ideal target gear control according to the tractor's operating environment, operating requirements, and driver intentions.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical features, the objective of this invention is as follows: a method for gear selection and control in agricultural machinery operation mode, wherein the cab is equipped with: The gear lever is used to select the driving mode: forward, neutral, and reverse. The "high / low range switch" is used to select between high and low ranges. The accelerator pedal is used by the driver to control the vehicle speed and meet the vehicle's power requirements. The "Working Mode Switch" is set with low, medium, high operating, and road transport modes. The method combines the gear ratios of each gear in the transmission with the operating speed requirements. By using a "working mode switch", the transmission is controlled to operate within a certain shift range. This allows for a more reasonable range shift control strategy based on the work content, reducing unnecessary shifting actions and meeting the speed requirements during operation.

[0007] The specific steps of the method are as follows: Step 1, Begin; Step 2, System self-check; Step 3: Start the engine with the transmission in neutral; Step 4: Check the status of the working mode switch; Step 5: Select the appropriate working mode; Step 6: After selecting the appropriate working mode, if the driver switches the high / low gear switch, the high / low gear status of the auxiliary transmission can be switched to meet the driver's intention.

[0008] The specific method of step 3 is as follows: put the "gear lever" in neutral. At this time, the forward and reverse clutches are disengaged, and the power is cut off to neutral. Depress the brake pedal and the driver starts the engine.

[0009] The specific method for step 4 is as follows: after the engine is started and before the vehicle starts moving, the driver first selects the corresponding working mode through the "working mode switch".

[0010] There are four working modes in step 5, including "low speed operation", "medium speed operation", "high speed operation" and "transportation mode".

[0011] When the "Low Speed" gear is selected, the system defaults to selecting the low gear of the auxiliary transmission and the first gear of the main transmission and prepares to start. When the gear lever changes from neutral to forward or reverse, the control system controls the corresponding forward or reverse clutch to engage, thus implementing smooth start control. After starting, the control system switches only between low gears according to the set shifting rules, so as to achieve the required low-speed driving range for operation and maintain stable operation.

[0012] When the "Medium Speed" setting is selected, the system defaults to selecting the low gear of the auxiliary transmission and the second gear of the main transmission and prepares to start. When the gear lever changes from neutral to forward or reverse, the control system controls the corresponding forward or reverse clutch to engage, thus implementing smooth start control. After starting, the control system switches only between medium speed gears according to the set shifting rules, so as to quickly achieve the required medium speed range for operation and maintain stable operation.

[0013] When the "High-speed operation" mode is selected, the system defaults to selecting the low gear of the auxiliary transmission and the 4th gear of the main transmission and prepares to start. When the gear lever changes from neutral to forward or reverse, the control system controls the corresponding forward or reverse clutch to engage, thus implementing smooth start control. After starting, the control system switches only between high gears according to the set shifting rules, so as to quickly achieve the required high-speed driving range for operation and maintain stable operation.

[0014] When the "Transportation Mode" gear is selected, the system defaults to selecting the high gear of the auxiliary transmission and the first gear of the main transmission and prepares to start. When the gear lever changes from neutral to forward or reverse, the control system controls the corresponding forward or reverse clutch to engage, thus implementing smooth start control. After starting, the control system allows switching between gears 1-6 according to the set shift rules to meet the needs of the transportation mode.

[0015] When the "Low-speed Operation" mode is selected, the shifting pattern is set to switch only between the 1st and 3rd low-speed gears in order to achieve the required low-speed operating range and maintain stable operation. When the "Medium Speed ​​for Operation" setting is selected, the shifting pattern is set to switch only between medium speed gears 2 and 4, in order to quickly achieve the required medium speed range for operation and maintain stable operation; When the "High-Speed ​​Operation" mode is selected, the shifting pattern is set to switch only between high-speed gears 4 and 6 to quickly achieve the required high-speed operating range and maintain stable operation.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: This solution fully integrates the gear ratios of each gear in the transmission with the requirements of the operating speed. By using a working mode switch, the transmission is controlled to operate within a certain shift range, avoiding the use of excessively low gears for starting and unnecessary excessive shifting during tractor operation, so as to better achieve stable control of the operating speed. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the control method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The following is a further explanation of specific implementation methods.

[0020] Example 1: Taking the current target tractor transmission system as an example, the transmission system is equipped with a six-speed main transmission and high and low speed auxiliary transmissions, and is equipped with two wet clutch systems to control forward and reverse driving. Therefore, it can meet the speed change requirements of 12 forward gears and 12 reverse gears during operation. At the same time, the power interruption of the transmission in neutral is achieved by the clutch disengagement state, and the transmission can maintain a certain gear without being affected.

[0021] The cab is equipped with a gear shift lever for selecting forward, neutral, and reverse driving modes; a high / low gear switch for selecting high and low gears; and an accelerator pedal to control the vehicle speed and power requirements. Since tractors require strict speed range control to ensure work quality during field operations, this invention proposes an additional working mode switch with multiple modes including low, medium, high, and road transport modes. This allows for a more rational range-shifting control strategy based on the work content, reducing unnecessary gear shifting and meeting speed requirements during operation. The specific process is described below: Step 1, Begin; Step 2, System self-check; Step 3: Shift the gear lever to neutral. At this point, the forward and reverse clutches are disengaged, cutting off power. Depress the brake pedal and start the engine. Step 4: Check the status of the operating mode switch; After the engine is started and before the vehicle starts moving, the driver should first select the corresponding operating mode through the "operating mode switch"; Step 5: Select the appropriate working mode; There are four operating modes: "Low Speed", "Medium Speed", "High Speed" and "Transportation Mode".

[0022] 5.1 When the "Low-speed Operation" gear is selected, the system defaults to selecting the low gear of the auxiliary transmission and the first gear of the main transmission and prepares to start. When the "gear lever" changes from neutral to forward or reverse, the control system controls the corresponding forward or reverse clutch to engage and implement smooth start control. After starting, the control system switches only between the first and third low-speed gears according to the set shifting rules to achieve the required low-speed operating range and maintain stable operation.

[0023] 5.2 When the "Medium Speed" gear is selected, the system defaults to selecting the low gear of the auxiliary transmission and the 2nd gear of the main transmission and prepares to start. When the "gear lever" changes from neutral to forward or reverse, the control system controls the corresponding forward or reverse clutch to engage and implement smooth start control. After starting, the control system switches only between the 2nd and 4th gears according to the set shifting rules to quickly achieve the required medium speed driving range and maintain stable operation.

[0024] 5.3 When the "High-Speed ​​Operation" mode is selected, the system defaults to selecting the low gear of the auxiliary transmission and the 4th gear of the main transmission and prepares to start. When the "gear lever" changes from neutral to forward or reverse, the control system controls the corresponding forward or reverse clutch to engage and implement smooth start control. After starting, the control system switches only between the 4th and 6th high gears according to the set shifting rules to quickly achieve the required high-speed operating range and maintain stable operation.

[0025] 5.4 Select the "Transportation Mode" gear. The system defaults to selecting the high gear of the auxiliary transmission and the first gear of the main transmission and prepares to start. When the "gear lever" changes from neutral to forward or reverse, the control system controls the corresponding forward or reverse clutch to engage, implementing smooth start control. After starting, the control system allows switching between gears 1-6 according to the set shift rules to meet the requirements of the transportation mode.

[0026] Step 6: After selecting the appropriate working mode, if the driver switches the high / low gear switch, the high / low gear status of the auxiliary transmission can be switched to meet the driver's intention.

Claims

1. A method for gear selection and control in an agricultural machine operating mode, characterized in that, The driver's cab is equipped with: "Gear shift lever" is used to select the driving mode: forward, neutral, and reverse. "High / low speed switch" is used to select between high and low speeds; The accelerator pedal is used by the driver to control the vehicle speed and meet the vehicle's power requirements. The "Working Mode Switch" is set with low, medium, high operating, and road transport modes. The method combines the gear ratios of each gear of the transmission with the operating speed requirements, and controls the transmission to work within a certain shift range through a "working mode switch" so as to implement a more reasonable range shift control strategy according to the work content, reduce unnecessary shifting actions, and meet the speed requirements in the work. The specific steps of the method are as follows: Step 1, Begin; Step 2, System self-check; Step 3: Start the engine with the transmission in neutral; Step 4: Check the status of the working mode switch; Step 5: Select the appropriate working mode; Step 6: After selecting the appropriate working mode, if the driver switches the high / low gear switch, the high / low gear status of the auxiliary transmission can be switched to meet the driver's intention. There are four working modes in step 5, including "low speed operation", "medium speed operation", "high speed operation" and "transportation mode". When the "Low-speed operation" gear is selected, the system defaults to selecting the low gear of the auxiliary transmission and the first gear of the main transmission and prepares to start. When the gear lever changes from neutral to forward or reverse, the control system controls the corresponding forward or reverse clutch to engage, thus implementing smooth start control. After starting, the control system switches only between low gears according to the set shifting rules, so as to achieve the required low-speed driving range for operation and maintain stable operation. When the "Medium Speed" setting is selected, the system defaults to selecting the low gear of the auxiliary transmission and the second gear of the main transmission and prepares to start. When the gear lever changes from neutral to forward or reverse, the control system controls the corresponding forward or reverse clutch to engage, thus implementing smooth start control. After starting, the control system switches only between medium gears according to the set shifting rules, so as to quickly achieve the required medium speed range for operation and maintain stable operation. When the "High-Speed ​​Operation" mode is selected, the system defaults to selecting the low gear of the auxiliary transmission and the 4th gear of the main transmission and prepares to start. When the gear lever changes from neutral to forward or reverse, the control system controls the corresponding forward or reverse clutch to engage, thus implementing smooth start control. After starting, the control system switches only between high gears according to the set shifting rules, so as to quickly achieve the required high-speed driving range for operation and maintain stable operation. When the "Transportation Mode" gear is selected, the system defaults to selecting the high gear of the auxiliary transmission and the first gear of the main transmission and prepares to start. When the gear lever changes from neutral to forward or reverse, the control system controls the corresponding forward or reverse clutch to engage, thus implementing smooth start control. After starting, the control system allows switching between gears 1-6 according to the set shift rules to meet the needs of the transportation mode.

2. The method for gear selection and control in an agricultural machinery operation mode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method of step 3 is as follows: put the "gear lever" in neutral. At this time, the forward and reverse clutches are disengaged, and the power is cut off to neutral. Depress the brake pedal and the driver starts the engine.

3. The method for gear selection and control in an agricultural machinery operation mode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for step 4 is as follows: after the engine is started and before the vehicle starts moving, the driver first selects the corresponding working mode through the "working mode switch".

4. The method for gear selection and control in an agricultural machinery operation mode according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the "Low-speed Operation" mode is selected, the shifting pattern is set to switch only between the 1st and 3rd low-speed gears in order to achieve the required low-speed operating range and maintain stable operation. When the "Medium Speed ​​for Operation" setting is selected, the shifting pattern is set to switch only between medium speed gears 2 and 4, in order to quickly achieve the required medium speed range for operation and maintain stable operation; When the "High-Speed ​​Operation" mode is selected, the shifting pattern is set to switch only between high-speed gears 4-6 to quickly achieve the required high-speed operating range and maintain stable operation.

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