A vickers hardness tester

Abstract

This invention discloses a Vickers hardness tester, comprising a lifting platform, a turret assembly, a loading assembly, and an optical assembly. The turret assembly, positioned above the lifting platform, includes a turret with an objective lens and an indenter assembly. The objective lens has an inner tube that moves vertically, and a moving part is located at the bottom of the inner tube. The turret assembly also includes a detection part for detecting the upward displacement of the moving part. The loading assembly, positioned above the turret assembly, includes a lever with a slider that moves along its length. Multiple pressure sensors, spaced apart along the length of the lever, are mounted on the slider. Movement of the slider positions one of the pressure sensors directly opposite the indenter assembly, and downward movement of the lever applies pressure to the indenter assembly. The optical assembly is used to observe the image in the objective lens. This hardness tester effectively prevents damage to the objective lens from impacts with the bottom platform, and a single Vickers hardness tester can perform tests across the entire loading force range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hardness tester technology, and more particularly to a Vickers hardness tester. Background Technology

[0002] Vickers hardness testers are suitable for testing the Vickers hardness of metal parts, thin sheets, metal foils and workpieces, including hardened layers, electroplated layers, nitrided layers, carburized layers and oxide layers. They can also be used for non-metallic materials such as jewelry, ceramics and glass that cannot be tested with large test forces.

[0003] A Vickers hardness tester includes a platform on which the workpiece to be tested is placed. An indenter and an objective lens are positioned directly above the platform. Pressure is applied to the workpiece by the indenter to create an indentation, which is then observed through the objective lens.

[0004] In existing technology, Vickers hardness testers have an autofocus function. During autofocus, the platform moves up and down under the action of a drive motor to focus. During focusing, there is a risk that the platform may collide with the bottom of the objective lens, causing damage to the objective lens. If the platform collides with the objective lens and the drive motor fails to stop in time, the objective lens will continue to be impacted and squeezed, causing irreversible damage, and also damaging other components connected to the objective lens.

[0005] Furthermore, the number of loading force values ​​available for hardness testers is limited, preventing them from measuring all the loading force values ​​required by the national standard for Vickers hardness testers. To achieve testing of all loading force values, multiple models of Vickers hardness testers with different loading force ranges are needed. The limitation preventing a single instrument from measuring all loading forces is that each Vickers hardness tester has only one pressure sensor in its loading force mechanism.

[0006] The information disclosed in this background section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the background technology of this application, and therefore may include prior art that is not known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In response to the problems mentioned in the background art, the present invention proposes a Vickers hardness tester that effectively prevents the objective lens from being damaged by collision with the bottom platform, and a single Vickers hardness tester can perform testing across the entire range of loading forces.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: This invention provides a Vickers hardness tester, comprising: A lifting platform is used to place the workpiece to be tested; A turret assembly is disposed above the lifting platform. The turret assembly includes a turret, on which an objective lens and a pressure head assembly are provided. The objective lens has an inner endoscope tube that moves up and down. A moving part is provided at the bottom of the inner endoscope tube. The turret assembly also includes a detection part for detecting the upward displacement of the moving part. A loading component is disposed above the turret assembly. The loading component includes a lever with a slider that moves along its length. The slider has a plurality of pressure sensors spaced apart along the length of the lever. The slider moves so that one of the plurality of pressure sensors is facing the pressure head assembly. The lever moves downward so that the pressure sensor applies pressure to the pressure head assembly. An optical component used to observe the image in the objective lens.

[0009] In some embodiments, the objective lens includes an outer tube and an inner tube, a resetting member is provided between the outer tube and the inner tube, and the inner tube moves up and down within the inner cavity of the outer tube; The turret assembly also includes a main shaft that passes through the turret, a detection unit located at the bottom of the main shaft, one end of the moving part that is fixedly connected to the bottom of the endoscope tube, and the other end of the moving part that extends below the detection unit. The spindle has a through hole along its axial direction inside, the detection part is located at the bottom of the hole, and the line connected to the detection part runs along the hole.

[0010] In some embodiments, the lever is provided with a plurality of spaced position sensors along its length, and the side of the slider is provided with a plurality of spaced limiting pieces. The plurality of pressure sensors, the plurality of position sensors, and the plurality of limiting pieces are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the position sensors detect the position of the corresponding limiting piece.

[0011] In some embodiments, the turret assembly is disposed below the mounting base, the mounting base is provided with a support seat, and the support seat is provided with a lever shaft; One end of the lever is connected to the lever drive unit, and the other end of the lever is rotatably connected to the lever shaft. The lever drive unit drives the lever to rotate around the lever shaft.

[0012] In some embodiments, the lever drive unit includes a first drive motor, and a first pulley is provided at the power output end of the first drive motor; The mounting base plate is provided with a lead screw sleeve, and a second pulley is sleeved on the lead screw sleeve. A transmission belt is provided between the second pulley and the first pulley. A lead screw is installed inside the lead screw sleeve, and the lead screw moves up and down along the axial direction of the lead screw sleeve. The upper end of the lead screw is connected to the lever.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first drive motor and the turret assembly are spaced below the mounting base, the lever is located above the mounting base, the mounting base has an opening through which the pressure sensor passes, and the optical assembly is located beside the mounting base and close to the turret assembly.

[0014] In some embodiments, the lever includes a first lever section, a second lever section, a third lever section, and a fourth lever section connected in sequence, wherein the first lever section and the second lever section extend toward the lower side of the first lever section, and the second lever section and the fourth lever section are located on different sides of the third lever section; One section of the lever is rotatably connected to the lever shaft, and the four sections of the lever are connected to the lever drive unit; Multiple position sensors are disposed on the second section of the lever, and the slider is slidably disposed on the bottom side of the second section of the lever.

[0015] In some embodiments, a second drive motor is provided on the fourth segment of the lever, and a through hole is provided on the third segment of the lever for the power shaft of the second drive motor to extend out, the power shaft being connected to the slider.

[0016] In some embodiments, the pressure head assembly includes a ball spline shaft, an upper connecting portion at the upper end of the ball spline shaft, a lower connecting portion at the lower end of the ball spline shaft, a pressure head at the lower end of the lower connecting portion, a spline seat fixedly mounted on the turret, the ball spline shaft passing through the spline seat and moving up and down along the axial direction of the spline seat, a spring sleeved on the ball spline shaft, the spring being located between the upper connecting portion and the spline seat, and a pressure sensor applying pressure to the upper connecting portion.

[0017] In some embodiments, the turret assembly further includes a timing wheel and a main shaft. The turret is disposed below the timing wheel, and the main shaft passes through the timing wheel and the turret. The timing wheel rotates to drive the turret to rotate synchronously. The timing wheel is provided with a through hole for the upper connecting portion to extend out.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are: The Vickers hardness tester disclosed in this application has an objective lens anti-collision function. The moving part moves synchronously with the inner lens barrel, so that no matter how large the area of ​​the workpiece to be tested is, as long as the workpiece to be tested comes into contact with the objective lens, the detection part can quickly and accurately identify and detect it through the detection of the moving part, and the inner lens barrel can be quickly reset through the reset part.

[0019] The loading structure includes multiple pressure sensors. By automatically switching the working positions of the multiple pressure sensors, the indenter is loaded sequentially, enabling the detection of the entire loading force range with a single Vickers hardness tester. Users do not need to purchase or operate multiple instruments, saving costs and testing time.

[0020] Other features and advantages of the present invention will become clearer after reading the detailed embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the Vickers hardness tester according to an embodiment; Figure 2 This is a front view of a Vickers hardness tester according to an embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the turret assembly, loading assembly, and optical assembly according to an embodiment; Figure 4 for Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the structure viewed from Q1. Figure 5 for Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the structure viewed from Q2. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the loading component according to an embodiment; Figure 7 for Figure 6 The diagram shown is a structural schematic with the auxiliary position sensor omitted. Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the structure viewed from Q3. Figure 9 for Figure 7 The front view of the structure shown; Figure 10 for Figure 9 A partial sectional view of the structure shown; Figure 11 This is an assembly cross-sectional view at the lever axis in the loading assembly according to an embodiment; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second drive motor according to an embodiment; Figure 13This is a schematic diagram of the turret assembly according to an embodiment; Figure 14 for Figure 13 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the structure viewed from Q4. Figure 15 This is a cross-sectional view of the turret assembly according to an embodiment from the objective lens; Figure 16 This is a cross-sectional view of the turret assembly according to an embodiment from the pressure head; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure head assembly according to an embodiment; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical component according to an embodiment; Figure label: 100. Housing; 110. Bottom cavity; 120. Top cavity; 130. Communicating cavity; 140. Mounting base; 141. Opening; 142. Support; 143. Mounting bracket; 200. Lifting platform; 210. Lifting drive unit; 211. Lifting motor; 212. Electric cylinder; 220. Dust cover; 300. Turret assembly; 310. Turret; 311. Turret horizontal section; 312. Turret vertical section; 313. Mounting hole; 314. Upper bearing; 315. Lower bearing; 316. Outer ring lock nut; 317. Inner ring lock nut; 320. Main shaft; 330. Synchronous pulley; 331. Through hole; 332. Limiting step; 340. Turret drive motor; 350. Drive pulley; 360. Second transmission belt; 370. Turret position grating; 380. Turret position sensor; 390. Cover plate; 400 Objective lens; 410 Outer tube; 411 Second extension; 420 Inner tube; 421 First extension; 430 Reset member; 500. Pressure head assembly; 510. Ball spline shaft; 511. Lower mounting hole; 512. Upper mounting hole; 520. Upper connecting part; 521. Upper connecting part section 1; 522. Upper connecting part section 2; 523. Upper connecting part section 3; 524. Upper connecting part section 4; 530. Lower connecting part; 531. Lower connecting part section 1; 532. Lower connecting part section 2; 533. Lower connecting part section 3; 540. Pressure head; 550. Spring; 560. Steel ball; 570. Washer; 580. Spline seat; 581. Spline seat horizontal part; 582. Spline seat vertical part; 590. Guide seat; 600. Optical components; 610. Eyepiece; 620. Reducing lens; 630. Fill light; 700. Loading component; 710. Lever; 711. Lever section 1; 712. Lever section 2; 713. Lever section 3; 714. Lever section 4; 715. Slide rail; 716. Lever shaft; 720. Lever drive unit; 721. First drive motor; 722. First pulley; 723. First transmission belt; 724. Second pulley; 725. Lead screw sleeve; 726. Lead screw; 727. Connecting rod; 7281. First bearing; 7282. Second bearing; 7283. Locking nut; 730. Slider; 740. Slider drive unit; 741. Second drive motor; 742. Power shaft; 751. First pressure sensor; 752. Second pressure sensor; 761. First position sensor; 762. Second position sensor; 770. Auxiliary position sensor; 781. First limit plate; 782. Second limit plate; 790. Spring base; 11. Moving part; 12. Testing part. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0024] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0025] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0026] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0028] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of the invention. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. In addition, examples of various specific processes and materials are provided in this invention, but those skilled in the art will recognize the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0029] This embodiment discloses a Vickers hardness tester, referring to... Figure 1 It consists of a housing 100, a lifting platform 200, a turret assembly 300, a loading assembly 700, an optical assembly 600, etc.

[0030] The outer contour of the housing 100 is roughly C-shaped, and the interior of the housing 100 forms an installation cavity. The installation cavity includes a bottom cavity 110, a top cavity 120, and a connecting cavity 130. The bottom cavity 110 and the top cavity 120 are arranged vertically at intervals, and the connecting cavity 130 connects the bottom cavity 110 and the top cavity 120.

[0031] The Vickers hardness tester includes a lifting platform 200, which is used to place the workpiece to be tested. The lifting platform 200 is located in the space between the bottom cavity 110 and the top cavity 120.

[0032] The bottom cavity 110 is equipped with a lifting drive unit 210, which is used to drive the lifting platform 200 to move up and down. Specifically, the lifting platform 200 includes an electric cylinder 212 and a lifting motor 211. The lifting motor 211 is fixedly installed at the power input end of the electric cylinder 212, and the lifting platform 200 is installed at the power output end of the electric cylinder 212 to drive the lifting platform 200 to move up and down.

[0033] A dust cover 220 is provided between the lifting platform 200 and the housing 100. Specifically, a dust cover 220 is provided between the bottom side of the lifting platform 200 and the housing 100. When the power output end of the electric cylinder 212 extends upward, the dust cover 220 blocks it, preventing external debris from entering the bottom cavity 110.

[0034] The turret assembly 300 is located above the lifting platform 200, in the top cavity 120, and directly above the lifting platform 200.

[0035] Reference Figure 13 The turret assembly 300 includes a turret 310, a main shaft 320, and a synchronous pulley 330. The synchronous pulley 330 is fixedly mounted above the turret 310. The main shaft 320 passes through both the synchronous pulley 330 and the turret 310. The main shaft 320 is fixed in place. The synchronous pulley 330 rotates under the action of a drive motor (denoted as turret drive motor 340), causing the turret 310 to rotate synchronously in the horizontal plane.

[0036] An objective lens 400 and a pressure head assembly 500 are mounted on the turret 310. The top of the pressure head assembly 500 extends from the timing pulley 330 to bear the load force.

[0037] The loading component 700 is located above the turret assembly 300. The loading component 700 is used to apply pressure to the top 510 of the indenter assembly 500 so that the indenter assembly 500 moves downward and acts on the workpiece to be tested. The indenter assembly 500 applies pressure to the workpiece, causing an indentation to be generated on the workpiece.

[0038] During testing, the turret 310 rotates, first positioning the indenter assembly 500 directly in front of the workpiece placed on the lifting platform 200. Then, the loading assembly 700 applies pressure to the indenter assembly 500, causing it to move downwards and apply pressure to the workpiece, creating an indentation. The loading assembly 700 then stops loading, and the indenter assembly 500 moves upwards again. The turret 310 then rotates again, positioning the objective lens 400 directly in front of the workpiece, allowing the indentation to be observed through the objective lens 400.

[0039] In some embodiments, refer to Figures 13 to 15The turret 310 includes a turret horizontal section 311 and a turret vertical section 312, both of which are integral structures. The turret vertical section 312 extends upward from the top center of the turret horizontal section 311, and the outer diameter of the turret horizontal section 311 is larger than the outer diameter of the turret vertical section 312. The main shaft 320 passes through the turret vertical section 312 and the turret horizontal section 311. The objective lens 400 and the pressure head assembly 500 are located on the bottom side of the turret horizontal section 311.

[0040] The turret 310 has a mounting hole 313 that passes through the horizontal part 311 and the vertical part 312 of the turret. The mounting hole 313 has an upper bearing 314 and a lower bearing 315 arranged at intervals. The main shaft 320 passes through the upper bearing 314 and the lower bearing 315.

[0041] An outer ring locking nut 316 and an inner ring locking nut 317 are provided at the bottom opening of the mounting hole 313. The outer ring locking nut 316 is used to fix the outer ring of the lower bearing 315 in the mounting hole 313, and the inner ring locking nut 317 is used to fix the inner ring of the lower bearing 315 in the mounting hole 313.

[0042] In some embodiments, the Vickers hardness tester has an objective lens anti-collision structure, as shown in the reference. Figure 14 and Figure 15 It consists of an objective lens 400, a moving part 11, a detection part 12, etc.

[0043] The objective lens 400 includes an outer tube 410 and an inner tube 420. A reset member 430, which is a spring, is provided between the outer tube 410 and the inner tube 420. The inner tube 420 moves up and down in the inner cavity of the outer tube 410, that is, the inner tube 420 can move up and down along the axial direction of the inner cavity of the outer tube 410.

[0044] A movable part 11 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the endoscope tube 420, and the movable part 11 moves up and down synchronously with the endoscope tube 420.

[0045] The detection unit 12 is fixedly mounted on the turret assembly 300. The detection unit 12 is located above the moving part 11 and is used to detect the displacement of the moving part 11.

[0046] When the lifting platform 200 moves upward, if the workpiece to be tested on the lifting platform 200 collides with the objective lens 400, since the bottom of the inner lens tube 420 extends from the inner cavity of the outer lens tube 410, the workpiece to be tested will first collide with the bottom of the inner lens tube 420. The inner lens tube 420 moves upward under force, driving the moving part 11 to move upward synchronously. The moving part 11 gradually approaches the detection part 12. When the moving part 11 moves upward to the sensing range of the detection part 12, it indicates that the workpiece to be tested has come into contact with and collided with the objective lens 400. At this time, the system controls the lifting motor 211 to stop in time, and the lifting platform 200 stops moving upward, thereby preventing the objective lens 400 from being further collided and squeezed.

[0047] Then the lifting platform 200 descends, releasing the impact and pressure on the objective lens 400, and the endoscope tube 420 moves downward to reset under the action of the reset member 430.

[0048] With the anti-collision structure of the objective lens 400, since the moving part 11 moves synchronously with the inner endoscope tube 420, no matter how large the area of ​​the workpiece to be tested is, as long as the workpiece to be tested comes into contact with the objective lens 400, the moving part 11 will be quickly and accurately identified and detected by the detection part 12; and the inner endoscope tube 420 can be quickly reset by the reset part 430.

[0049] In some embodiments, when the objective lens 400 is in its original position, the moving part 11 is outside the sensing range of the detection part 12. When the endoscope tube 420 is impacted and squeezed upwards, it drives the moving part 11 to move upwards synchronously. When it enters the detection and recognition range of the detection part 12, it is detected that the objective lens 400 has come into contact with the object surface.

[0050] In some embodiments, the moving part 11 is a metal sheet, and the detection part 12 is a metal proximity switch. The metal sheet is relatively thin, which improves the detection accuracy.

[0051] In some embodiments, the outer peripheral wall of the endoscope barrel 420 is provided with a first extension 421 extending toward the outer endoscope barrel 410, and the inner peripheral wall of the outer endoscope barrel 410 is provided with a second extension 411 extending toward the endoscope barrel 420. The reset member 430 is disposed between the first extension 421 and the second extension 411 to realize the installation of the reset member 430 between the outer endoscope barrel 410 and the endoscope barrel 420.

[0052] Multiple reset components 430 are evenly spaced within the circumferential gap formed by the outer endoscope tube 410 and the inner endoscope tube 420 to improve the reset reliability of the inner endoscope tube 420.

[0053] In some embodiments, the detection unit 12 is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the main shaft 320, and the detection unit 12 remains stationary when the turret 310 rotates. One end of the moving part 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the endoscope tube 420, and the other end of the moving part 11 extends below the detection unit 12 to facilitate identification and detection.

[0054] The detection unit 12 is fixed at the bottom of the main shaft 320, which is compact and will not interfere with the position switching of the objective lens 400 and the pressure head 500.

[0055] In some embodiments, the spindle 320 has a through shaft hole 321 along its axial direction inside, the detection part 12 is located at the bottom of the shaft hole 321, and the line connected to the detection part 12 runs along the shaft hole 321. By using the shaft hole 321 for routing, the reliability of the routing and the convenience of electrical wiring design are improved.

[0056] In some embodiments, the turret 310 is provided with a plurality of objective lenses 400, which are evenly spaced around the main axis 320. Each objective lens 400 has a different magnification to meet different testing requirements.

[0057] The higher the magnification of the objective lens, the longer the objective lens. The moving part 11 is located on the objective lens with the highest magnification among the multiple objective lenses 400. The objective lens 400 with the highest magnification is closest to the lifting platform 200 and is also the objective lens used for initial focusing.

[0058] When the lifting platform 200 moves upward, if a collision occurs, the objective lens 400 with the highest magnification will be the first to be hit. By placing the moving part 11 on the objective lens 400 with the highest magnification, the objective lens 400 with the highest magnification can be effectively prevented from being squeezed by the collision, and other objective lenses 400 can also be prevented from being squeezed by the collision.

[0059] In some embodiments, refer to Figures 3 to 11 The loading assembly 700 includes a lever 710, on which a slider 730 is provided that moves along its length direction. The slider 730 is provided with a plurality of pressure sensors that are spaced apart along the length direction of the lever 710. The slider 730 moves so that one of the plurality of pressure sensors is facing the pressure head assembly 500. The lever 710 moves downward so that the pressure sensor applies pressure to the pressure head assembly 500.

[0060] Specifically, the lever assembly includes a lever 710 and a lever drive unit 720, which is used to drive the lever 710 to move up and down.

[0061] A sliding part is provided on the lever 710. The sliding part includes a slider 730 and a slider drive part 740. The slider drive part 740 is used to drive the slider 730 to move along the length direction of the lever 710.

[0062] There are multiple pressure sensors, which are spaced apart on the slider 730 along the length of the lever 710. The pressure sensors move synchronously with the slider 730.

[0063] Each pressure sensor has a different loading force value. The movement of the slider 730 along the length of the lever 710 causes the pressure sensors to move synchronously, positioning one pressure sensor directly above the indenter assembly 500 so that it applies pressure to the indenter assembly 500 and measures the pressure value. By switching the working positions of multiple pressure sensors, the entire loading force range can be measured using a single Vickers hardness tester.

[0064] There are multiple position sensors, which are spaced apart along the length of the lever 710. Each position sensor corresponds to a pressure sensor. The position sensors are used to detect the position of the corresponding pressure sensor and thus determine which pressure sensor is in the working position.

[0065] When the loading component 700 needs to apply pressure to the indenter assembly 500, the slider 730 first moves along the length of the lever 710, causing multiple pressure sensors to move synchronously, so that one of the pressure sensors is directly facing the indenter assembly 500. When the position sensor detects that the pressure sensor has reached its position, the slider 730 stops moving. Then, the lever 710 moves downward, causing the pressure sensors to move synchronously downward, so that the pressure sensor directly facing the indenter assembly 500 applies pressure and tests the pressure value. Then, the lever 710 moves upward to release the loading force. Then, the slider 730 moves again, so that the next pressure sensor is directly facing the indenter assembly 500, and the above process is repeated, so that the next pressure sensor applies pressure to the indenter assembly 500. By automatically switching the working positions of multiple pressure sensors, the entire loading force range can be tested with a single Vickers hardness tester. Users do not need to purchase or operate multiple instruments, saving costs and testing time.

[0066] In some embodiments, there are two pressure sensors, designated as a first pressure sensor 751 and a second pressure sensor 752. There are also two position sensors, designated as a second position sensor 762 and a second position sensor 762, respectively.

[0067] In some embodiments, a plurality of position sensors are spaced apart on the lever 710 along the length direction of the lever 710.

[0068] The side of the slider 730 is provided with multiple spaced limit plates, and each limit plate is set in correspondence with a pressure sensor. The position sensor detects the position of the corresponding limit plate.

[0069] Taking two pressure sensors and two position sensors as an example, there are also two limit plates, which are respectively referred to as the first limit plate 781 and the second limit plate 782.

[0070] When the slider 730 moves along the length of the lever 710, it drives the two limit plates and the two pressure sensors to move synchronously. When the limit plate triggers the position sensor at the corresponding position, it can be determined that the corresponding pressure sensor is in the working position. The pressure sensor in the working position applies pressure.

[0071] In some embodiments, refer to Figures 1 to 3 The top cavity 120 is provided with a mounting base plate 140, which serves as a mounting carrier for components such as the turret assembly 300, the loading assembly 700, and the optical assembly 600.

[0072] The turret assembly 300 is located below the mounting base plate 140, and the lever 710 is located above the mounting base plate 140. The mounting base plate 140 has an opening 141 through which the pressure sensor passes.

[0073] Multiple components are integrated and mounted on the mounting base plate 140, with a compact structure, which facilitates the loading component 700 to apply pressure to the pressure head component 500 on the turret component 300, and also facilitates the optical component 600 to observe the image.

[0074] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 11 The lever assembly is mounted on the mounting base 140, the mounting base 140 is provided with a support seat 142, and the support seat 142 is provided with a lever shaft 716.

[0075] One end of lever 710 is connected to lever drive unit 720, and the other end of lever 710 is rotatably connected to lever shaft 716. Lever drive unit 720 drives lever 710 to rotate around lever shaft 716 to realize the up and down movement of lever 710, thereby driving pressure sensor to move up and down synchronously.

[0076] In some embodiments, refer to Figures 6 to 10 The lever drive unit 720 includes a first drive motor 721, and a first pulley 722 is provided at the power output end of the first drive motor 721. The first drive motor 721 is located below the mounting base plate 140, and the first pulley 722 is located above the mounting base plate 140.

[0077] The mounting base plate 140 is provided with a lead screw sleeve 725, and a second pulley 724 is sleeved on the lead screw sleeve 725. A transmission belt (denoted as the first transmission belt 723) is provided between the second pulley 724 and the first pulley 722.

[0078] The first bearing 7281 (a deep groove ball bearing) is fixed below the second pulley 724. The first bearing 7281 is fixed in the mounting hole of the mounting base plate 140. The second bearing 7282 (an axial bearing) is connected to the bottom of the lead screw sleeve 725. The second pulley 724 is fixed to the lead screw sleeve 725 by a locking nut 7283.

[0079] A lead screw 726 is installed inside the lead screw sleeve 725. The lead screw 726 moves up and down along the axial direction of the lead screw sleeve 725, and the upper end of the lead screw 726 is connected to the lever 710. Specifically, a connecting rod 727 is installed at the upper end of the lead screw 726, and the connecting rod 727 is fixedly connected to the lever 710.

[0080] When the loading component 700 needs to apply pressure to the pressure head assembly 500, the first drive motor 721 rotates, driving the first pulley 722 to rotate synchronously. The first transmission belt 723 causes the second pulley 724 to rotate, and the second pulley 724 drives the lead screw sleeve 725 to rotate, thereby causing the lead screw 726 to move downward. The lead screw 726 pulls one end of the lever 710 downward, thereby causing the pressure sensor set on the other end of the lever 710 to also move downward, thereby applying a loading force to the pressure head assembly 500.

[0081] When the loading component 700 needs to release the loading force on the pressure head assembly 500, the first drive motor 721 rotates in the opposite direction, and the lead screw 726 pushes one end of the lever 710 upward, thereby causing the pressure sensor set on the other end of the lever 710 to also move upward, thereby releasing the loading force applied to the pressure head assembly 500.

[0082] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 9 The lever 710 includes a first lever 711, a second lever 712, a third lever 713, and a fourth lever 714 connected in sequence. The first lever 711 and the second lever 712 extend toward the lower side of the first lever 711. The second lever 712 and the fourth lever 714 are located on different sides of the third lever 713. The second lever 712 is located on the left side of the third lever 713, and the fourth lever 714 is located on the right side of the third lever 713.

[0083] The first segment of the lever 711 is rotatably connected to the lever shaft 716, and the fourth segment of the lever 714 is connected to the lever drive unit 720. Specifically, the fourth segment of the lever 714 is connected to the lead screw 726 through the connecting rod 727.

[0084] Multiple position sensors are mounted on the second section of lever 712, and slider 730 is slidably mounted on the bottom side of the second section of lever 712. Slider 730 is located in the space between the first section of lever 711 and the third section of lever 713, resulting in a compact structure.

[0085] The bottom side of the lever section 712 is provided with a slide rail 715, and the slider 730 is slidably connected to the slide rail 715 to improve the movement reliability of the slider 730.

[0086] In some embodiments, the sliding drive unit includes a second drive motor 741, which is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the fourth segment 714 of the lever. The third segment 713 of the lever has a through hole for the power shaft 742 of the second drive motor 741 to extend out, and the power shaft 742 is connected to the slider 730. The horizontal movement of the slider 730 is achieved by the extension and retraction of the power shaft 742.

[0087] The lever section 713 is equipped with a mounting base (not marked), and the tail of the second drive motor 741 is fixedly mounted on the mounting base.

[0088] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 7 and Figure 9 A spring base 790 is provided on the mounting base 140, and the spring base 790 is located directly below the lever segment 714. The spring base 790 provides elastic support for the lever 710.

[0089] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 6 The mounting base plate 140 is provided with a mounting bracket 143, and the mounting bracket 143 is provided with two auxiliary position sensors 770 arranged vertically and horizontally. An extension rod (not shown) is provided on the side of the lever four-section 714, and the extension rod is located between the two auxiliary position sensors 770.

[0090] When lever 710 moves up and down, it drives the extension rod to move up and down synchronously. The vertical displacement of lever 710 is detected by auxiliary position sensor 770. After lever 710 moves up or down to the correct position, the first drive motor 721 stops, and lever 710 stops moving.

[0091] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 4 The turret drive motor 340 is fixedly mounted above the mounting base plate 140. The power output end of the turret drive motor 340 is provided with a drive pulley 350. A second transmission belt 360 is provided between the drive pulley 350 and the synchronous pulley 330 to realize the rotation drive of the turret drive motor 340 on the synchronous pulley 330.

[0092] A turret position grating 370 is fixedly installed at one end of the turret drive motor 340. The turret position grating 370 determines the rotation position of the turret 310 based on the turret position sensor 380.

[0093] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 16 and Figure 17 The pressure head assembly 500 includes a ball spline shaft 510, an upper connecting part 520 at the upper end of the ball spline shaft 510, a lower connecting part 530 at the lower end of the ball spline shaft 510, and a pressure head 540 at the lower end of the lower connecting part 530. A spline seat 580 is fixedly provided on the turret 310. The ball spline shaft 510 passes through the spline seat 580 and moves up and down along the axial direction of the spline seat 580. A spring 550 is sleeved on the ball spline shaft 510 and is located between the upper connecting part 520 and the spline seat 580.

[0094] When the pressure head assembly 500 needs to press the workpiece to be tested downward, an external loading force is applied to the pressure head assembly 500. Specifically, the loading system applies a loading force to the upper connecting part 520, and the upper connecting part 520, the ball spline shaft 510, the lower connecting part 530, and the pressure head 540 move downward synchronously as a whole, while the spring 550 is compressed. When the loading force is released, the spring 550 relaxes and returns to its original position, causing the upper connecting part 520, the ball spline shaft 510, the lower connecting part 530, and the pressure head 540 to move upward as a whole, returning to their initial position.

[0095] By using a zero-backlash ball spline shaft 510, the pressure head 540 can only move up and down, and the ball spline shaft 510 connected to the pressure head 540 cannot rotate or move in any direction other than up and down. This ensures that the pressure head 540 is stable during use and will not cause the indentation to exceed the field of vision, greatly reducing the maintenance and debugging time during later use.

[0096] The pressure head assembly 500 uses a ball spline shaft 510 as the core component to replace the many fixed components in the traditional pressure head assembly 500, making the assembly process simpler and effectively improving production efficiency.

[0097] In some embodiments, a steel ball 560 is disposed on the top of the upper connecting portion 520, the steel ball 560 being used to withstand the loading force.

[0098] In some embodiments, the lower end of the ball spline shaft 510 does not extend out of the spline seat 580, and a gasket 570 is provided between the spline seat 580 and the lower connecting portion 530.

[0099] The vertical position of the pressure head 540 in space is adjusted by adjusting the number of shims 570.

[0100] In some embodiments, a guide seat 590 is fixedly provided on the turret 310, and the lower connecting part 530 passes through the guide seat 590 and moves up and down along the axial direction of the guide seat 590.

[0101] The guide seat 590 guides the up-and-down movement of the lower connecting part 530, further improving the reliability of the up-and-down movement of the entire pressure head assembly 500.

[0102] In some embodiments, the lower connecting portion 530 includes a lower connecting portion first section 531, a lower connecting portion second section 532, and a lower connecting portion third section 533 connected in sequence. The outer diameter of the lower connecting portion first section 531 is smaller than the outer diameter of the lower connecting portion second section 532, and the outer diameter of the lower connecting portion second section 532 is smaller than the outer diameter of the lower connecting portion third section 533.

[0103] The lower end of the ball spline shaft 510 is provided with a lower mounting hole 511, and a lower connecting part 531 is fixedly installed in the lower mounting hole 511.

[0104] A step is formed between the first section 531 and the second section 532 of the lower connecting part, and a gasket 570 is provided between the step and the spline seat 580.

[0105] A pressure head 540 is provided at the lower end of the three sections 533 of the lower connecting part, and the three sections 533 of the lower connecting part pass through the guide seat 590.

[0106] The three-section structure of the lower connecting part 530 facilitates the fixed installation with the ball spline shaft 510 and the pressure head 540, and also facilitates the installation of the gasket 570.

[0107] In some embodiments, the upper connecting portion 520 includes an upper connecting portion first section 521, an upper connecting portion second section 522, an upper connecting portion third section 523, and an upper connecting portion fourth section 524 connected in sequence. The outer diameter of the upper connecting portion second section 522 is larger than the outer diameters of the upper connecting portion first section 521 and the upper connecting portion third section 523, and the outer diameter of the upper connecting portion third section 523 is larger than the outer diameter of the upper connecting portion fourth section 524.

[0108] The upper end of the ball spline shaft 510 is provided with an upper mounting hole 512, and the four sections 524 of the upper connecting part are fixedly installed in the upper mounting hole 512.

[0109] Spring 550 is sleeved on the upper connecting part three sections 523 and ball spline shaft 510.

[0110] The four-section structure of the upper connecting part 520 facilitates the installation of the upper connecting part 520 with the ball spline shaft 510 and the spring 550.

[0111] In some embodiments, the synchronizing pulley 330 is provided with a through hole 331 for the upper connecting portion 520 to extend out, and the loading force system is located above the turret 310 assembly 300 to apply a loading force to the upper connecting portion 520.

[0112] In some embodiments, a limiting step 332 is provided in the through hole 331, and a limiting extension is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the upper connecting part 520. The limiting extension abuts against the limiting step 332 to limit the upward displacement of the pressure head assembly 500.

[0113] The limiting extension is the upper connecting part 2 section 522. When the pressure head assembly 500 moves upward to reset, when the upper connecting part 2 section 522 abuts against the limiting step 332, the pressure head assembly 500 resets upward to the correct position.

[0114] In some embodiments, the spline holder 580 includes a spline holder horizontal portion 581 and a spline holder vertical portion 582, which are integrally structured. The spline holder vertical portion 582 extends upward from the center position of the spline holder horizontal portion 581, and the outer diameter of the spline holder vertical portion 582 is smaller than the outer diameter of the spline holder horizontal portion 581.

[0115] The turret 310 has a first mounting hole (not shown) and a second mounting hole (not shown) that are connected vertically. The vertical part 582 of the spline seat passes through the first mounting hole, and the horizontal part 581 of the spline seat is located in the second mounting hole 313. The vertical part 582 of the spline seat guides the vertical movement of the ball spline shaft 510, which helps to improve the reliability of the vertical movement of the entire pressure head assembly 500.

[0116] The bottom side of the turret 310 is provided with a cover plate 390, which limits the horizontal part 581 of the spline seat to be located in the second mounting hole 313, so as to realize the fixed installation of the spline seat 580 on the turret 310.

[0117] In some embodiments, the optical component 600 is disposed on the side of the turret assembly 300 for observing the image in the objective lens 400.

[0118] Reference Figure 18 The optical assembly 600 includes an eyepiece 610, a reducing mirror 620, and a fill light 630.

[0119] Testers can directly observe the image through eyepiece 610.

[0120] The zoom lens 620 is used to transmit images to a camera (not shown) so that testers can view the images through the camera interface.

[0121] The supplemental light 630 is used to emit light so that the observation light is more in line with the test requirements.

[0122] In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0123] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A Vickers hardness tester characterized by, include: A lifting platform is used to place the workpiece to be tested; A turret assembly is disposed above the lifting platform. The turret assembly includes a turret on which an objective lens and a pressure head assembly are mounted. The objective lens has an inner tube that moves vertically. The objective lens also includes an outer tube. A reset member is provided between the outer tube and the inner tube. The inner tube moves vertically within the cavity of the outer tube. A moving part is provided at the bottom of the inner tube. The moving part moves vertically synchronously with the inner tube. The turret assembly also includes a detection part, which is fixedly disposed on the turret assembly and located above the moving part. The detection part is used to detect the upward displacement of the moving part. A loading component is disposed above the turret assembly. The loading component includes a lever with a slider that moves along its length. The slider has a plurality of pressure sensors spaced apart along the length of the lever. The slider moves so that one of the plurality of pressure sensors is facing the pressure head assembly. The lever moves downward so that the pressure sensor applies pressure to the pressure head assembly. Optical components used for observing the image in the objective lens; When the lifting platform moves upward, if the workpiece to be tested on the lifting platform collides with the objective lens, since the bottom of the inner endoscope tube extends from the inner cavity of the outer endoscope tube, the workpiece to be tested will first collide with the bottom of the inner endoscope tube. The inner endoscope tube will move upward under force, driving the moving part to move upward synchronously. The moving part gradually approaches the detection part. When the moving part moves upward to the sensing range of the detection part, it indicates that the workpiece to be tested has come into contact with and collided with the objective lens. At this time, the system controls the lifting motor to stop, and the lifting platform stops moving upward, thereby preventing the objective lens from being further collided and squeezed.

2. The Vickers hardness tester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The turret assembly also includes a main shaft that passes through the turret, a detection unit located at the bottom of the main shaft, one end of the moving part that is fixedly connected to the bottom of the endoscope tube, and the other end of the moving part that extends below the detection unit. The spindle has a through hole along its axial direction inside, the detection part is located at the bottom of the hole, and the line connected to the detection part runs along the hole.

3. The Vickers hardness tester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lever is provided with a plurality of spaced position sensors along its length, and the side of the slider is provided with a plurality of spaced limit plates. The plurality of pressure sensors, the plurality of position sensors, and the plurality of limit plates are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the position sensors detect the position of the corresponding limit plates.

4. The Vickers hardness tester according to claim 3, characterized in that, The turret assembly is located below the mounting base, the mounting base is provided with a support seat, and the support seat is provided with a lever shaft; One end of the lever is connected to the lever drive unit, and the other end of the lever is rotatably connected to the lever shaft. The lever drive unit drives the lever to rotate around the lever shaft.

5. The Vickers hardness tester according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lever drive unit includes a first drive motor, and a first pulley is provided at the power output end of the first drive motor; The mounting base plate is provided with a lead screw sleeve, and a second pulley is sleeved on the lead screw sleeve. A transmission belt is provided between the second pulley and the first pulley. A lead screw is installed inside the lead screw sleeve, and the lead screw moves up and down along the axial direction of the lead screw sleeve. The upper end of the lead screw is connected to the lever.

6. The Vickers hardness tester according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first drive motor and the turret assembly are spaced below the mounting base plate, the lever is located above the mounting base plate, the mounting base plate has an opening for the pressure sensor to pass through, and the optical assembly is located beside the mounting base plate and close to the turret assembly.

7. The Vickers hardness tester according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lever includes a first lever section, a second lever section, a third lever section, and a fourth lever section connected in sequence. The first lever section and the second lever section extend toward the lower side of the first lever section, and the second lever section and the fourth lever section are located on different sides of the third lever section. One section of the lever is rotatably connected to the lever shaft, and the four sections of the lever are connected to the lever drive unit; Multiple position sensors are disposed on the second section of the lever, and the slider is slidably disposed on the bottom side of the second section of the lever.

8. The Vickers hardness tester according to claim 7, characterized in that, The lever is equipped with a second drive motor on its fourth section, and a through hole is provided on the lever's third section for the power shaft of the second drive motor to extend out. The power shaft is connected to the slider.

9. The Vickers hardness tester according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The pressure head assembly includes a ball spline shaft, with an upper connecting part at the upper end of the ball spline shaft and a lower connecting part at the lower end of the ball spline shaft. A pressure head is located at the lower end of the lower connecting part. A spline seat is fixedly mounted on the turret. The ball spline shaft passes through the spline seat and moves up and down along the axial direction of the spline seat. A spring is sleeved on the ball spline shaft and is located between the upper connecting part and the spline seat. The pressure sensor applies pressure to the upper connecting part.

10. The Vickers hardness tester according to claim 9, characterized in that, The turret assembly also includes a timing pulley and a main shaft. The turret is located below the timing pulley, and the main shaft passes through the timing pulley and the turret. The timing pulley rotates to drive the turret to rotate synchronously. The timing pulley is provided with a through hole for the upper connecting part to extend out.

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