A novel dry slag and ash conveying data control system and method for thermal power plants

Abstract

The application discloses a novel dry slag and ash conveying data control system and method for thermal power plants, and belongs to the technical field of industrial automation. The application aims to improve system efficiency, reduce equipment loss, and reduce the abrasion problem of the cleaning chain. The system comprises a pneumatic slag conveying module, an external circulating conveyor module, a sensor and data acquisition unit module, a controller module, and an upper computer monitoring system module. The pneumatic slag conveying module conveys the bottom ash through a pneumatic conveying pipeline to a slag bin and separates slag blocks from fine ash; the external circulating conveyor module sends fine slag from the slag bin back to the upper layer of the tail of the dry slag machine, and then sends the fine slag into the slag bin; the sensor and data acquisition unit module is used for monitoring the system running state, the slag bin filling condition, the pneumatic conveying pipeline abrasion and other data; the controller module uses an embedded controller to manage the system operation; and the upper computer monitoring system module monitors the data monitored by the sensor and data acquisition unit module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrial automation technology, specifically to a novel data control system and method for dry ash discharge and conveying in thermal power plants. Background Technology

[0002] Thermal power plants typically produce large amounts of slag and fine ash during combustion. These wastes need to be cleaned and discharged regularly to maintain the normal operation of boilers and power generation equipment.

[0003] Traditional ash removal systems face several challenges during operation. The cleaning chains used in traditional thermal power plant ash removal systems are prone to ash accumulation during operation, especially on inclines. This leads to increased chain wear, frequent overload shutdowns, scraper deformation, and roller damage, requiring the replacement of numerous damaged scrapers annually, increasing maintenance costs and downtime. In traditional systems, ash and fine ash are typically transported together to the ash bin or other processing equipment. This complicates subsequent ash-fine ash separation, potentially causing system instability and equipment wear. Maintenance and cleaning of the cleaning chains usually require personnel to enter the boiler, posing risks of high temperature, high pressure, and asphyxiation, increasing the risk of injury or accidents. Furthermore, the ash removal efficiency of traditional systems is insufficient, resulting in uneven load distribution on boiler equipment, impacting overall system performance and power generation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rehabilitation data transmission system and method adapted to an ultrasonic uterine involution instrument, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The system includes a pneumatic slag conveying module, an external circulation conveyor module, a sensor and data acquisition unit module, a controller module, and a host computer monitoring system module; The pneumatic slag conveying module transports the bottom ash to the slag bin through a pneumatic conveying pipeline and separates the slag lumps from the fine ash. The external circulation conveyor module is located on the slope section of the dry slag machine and is used to send the fine ash from the slag bin back to the upper conveyor belt at the tail of the dry slag machine, and then send it back into the slag bin to achieve continuous slag processing. The sensor and data acquisition unit module is responsible for collecting real-time data to monitor various parameters and indicators of the system; the sensor and data acquisition unit includes a sensor and a data acquisition unit; the sensor is used to detect and measure various physical quantities or data in the environment and convert them into electrical or digital signals; the data acquisition unit is responsible for acquiring data from one or more sensors through an analog signal input port or a digital interface; The controller module uses an embedded controller to manage the operation of the system, coordinate the operation of the pneumatic slag conveying module and the external circulation conveyor module, and perform data analysis. The host computer monitoring system module provides data visualization, fault diagnosis, remote control, and alarm notification.

[0006] The main components of the pneumatic slag conveying module are: Pneumatic conveying pipelines: Made of wear-resistant and well-sealed materials to withstand the impact of high-speed airflow and conveyed materials. The pipeline contains pneumatic conveying devices, such as pneumatic conveying fans, to generate airflow and propel the materials. Ash conveying holes and filter screens: Ash conveying holes are installed at the bottom of the ramp section of the dry slag machine to transport the accumulated ash and fine ash to the pneumatic conveying pipeline. Filter screens are installed on the ash conveying holes to separate slag lumps and fine ash to prevent pipeline blockage. Feed valves: Manual and pneumatic feed valves are installed below the ash conveying orifice. These valves are used to control the material feeding speed and flow rate to ensure stable system operation; Isolation chamber pump: The isolation chamber pump is responsible for conveying fine ash to the slag silo. It can use compressed air or other conveying devices to push the fine ash to the target location.

[0007] The pneumatic slag conveying module works by opening the ash conveying hole at the bottom of the dry slag machine's ramp section, allowing the accumulated ash and fine ash from the bottom to enter the pneumatic conveying pipeline. The feed valve controls the feeding speed, ensuring the material enters the pipeline at the required rate. Slag lumps and fine ash are separated by a filter screen to prevent pipeline blockage. The fine ash is then conveyed to the slag bin via the pneumatic conveying pipeline and pushed using compressed air or other conveying devices.

[0008] The main components of the external circulation conveyor module are: External circulation conveyor: Made of wear-resistant and well-sealed materials to withstand the impact of material transport. The external circulation conveyor has a bucket conveyor mechanism installed on its chain or conveyor belt for lifting and transporting fine ash. Ash conveying inlet: An ash conveying inlet is set at the bottom or side of the slag bin to convey fine ash from the slag bin to the external circulation conveyor; Ash Conveying Outlet: The external circulation conveyor transports the fine ash to the upper conveyor belt at the tail end of the dry slag machine, and then into the slag bin. The ash conveying outlet is located at the tail end of the dry slag machine.

[0009] The external circulation conveyor module works by having fine ash enter the external circulation conveyor from the slag bin through the ash inlet. The conveying mechanism on the external circulation conveyor lifts the fine ash and transports it to the upper conveyor belt at the tail end of the dry slag machine. The fine ash is then conveyed to the interior of the slag bin via the upper tail conveyor belt. Slag lumps and fine ash separate during the transport process on the external circulation conveyor, as the fine ash can be more easily transported to the slag bin, while the slag lumps remain at the ash inlet.

[0010] The sensors in the sensor and data acquisition unit module include a slag bin filling sensor, a pneumatic conveying pipeline wear sensor, an external circulation conveyor status sensor, a pneumatic conveying system parameter sensor, and a cleaning chain status sensor. The slag bin filling sensor is installed inside the slag bin to monitor the slag filling status and measure the filling level. The pneumatic conveying pipeline wear sensor is installed inside the pneumatic conveying pipeline to monitor the wear degree of the pipeline, detect wear on the pipeline wall, and promptly detect and prevent air leaks or pipeline wear problems. The external circulation conveyor status sensor is used to monitor the status of the external circulation conveyor module, including information on operating speed, fault status, and chain bucket lifting height. The pneumatic conveying system parameter sensor is installed on the pneumatic conveying system to monitor system parameters, including air pressure, airflow velocity, and temperature. The cleaning chain status sensor is used to monitor the cleaning chain status, including tension, operating speed, and wear degree.

[0011] The data acquisition unit is responsible for collecting real-time data from the sensors and transmitting this data to the controller module for processing and analysis. It includes the following functions: Data acquisition: Regularly acquire data from various sensors and convert it into digital signals; Data processing: Perform preliminary processing on the collected data, such as filtering and calibration, to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data; Data transmission: The processed data is transmitted to the controller module using the standard communication protocol Modbus; Data storage: Sometimes, the data acquisition unit can also store historical data on a local or remote server for subsequent analysis and reporting.

[0012] The working principle of the sensor and data acquisition unit module is as follows: Sensors continuously sense and measure various parameters and indicators in the system, such as slag bin water level, pneumatic conveying pipeline pressure, temperature, flow rate, and wear. The sensors convert the measurement results into electrical or digital signals. The data acquisition unit periodically reads the sensor signals, processes and records the data. The processed data is transmitted to the controller module for system monitoring and decision-making.

[0013] The data acquisition unit processes and decodes the received data in the following steps: S6-1. The data acquisition unit receives data signals generated by the sensor through a connection with the sensor, wherein the data signals are analog signals or digital signals; S6-2. If the signal generated by the sensor is an analog signal, the data acquisition unit needs to perform analog-to-digital conversion to convert the analog signal into a digital format so that the controller module can process it. S6-3, The data acquisition unit decodes the received digital data according to the sensor's data format and communication protocol; S6-4. After the data is decoded, the data acquisition unit processes it, including data filtering, average value calculation, and data correction. S6-5. The processed data is stored in the internal storage device of the data acquisition unit; S6-6. The processed data is transmitted to the controller module via a network connection or communication interface. S6-7 The data acquisition unit includes an error handling mechanism to handle communication errors, data anomalies, or sensor malfunctions.

[0014] The controller module uses an embedded controller to process and analyze real-time data collected by the sensor module, and to achieve automated control of the system according to a preset control strategy. Its main functions are as follows: Data processing and analysis: The controller module receives real-time data from the sensor and data acquisition unit module, processes, analyzes, and decodes this data to obtain information about the system's operating status and parameters; Control strategy implementation: The controller module automatically makes adjustments and control decisions based on preset control strategies to optimize system operating efficiency and stability. This includes adjusting the feed rate, the speed of the pneumatic conveyor fan, and the operation of the external circulation conveyor, etc. Equipment Control: The controller module can communicate with various actuators and devices in the system, such as controlling feed valves, pneumatic feed valves, pneumatic conveying fans, and external circulation conveyors. By controlling these devices, precise management of the ash conveying and slag discharge processes can be achieved.

[0015] The controller module uses data analysis algorithms to process the collected data, identify anomalies, predict potential problems, and take control strategies as needed; the data analysis algorithm uses a PID control algorithm, which includes proportional control, integral control, and derivative control. The proportional control is used to handle the difference between the current system state and the target value, generating a control output whose magnitude is proportional to the error. This output aims to reduce the error and bring the system back to the target state. The control output is expressed as: in, It controls the output. It is proportional gain. This is the current error; The integral control is used to handle the accumulation of error over time, producing a control output whose magnitude is proportional to the integral of the error. This aims to gradually reduce the accumulated error and eliminate the steady-state error, expressed as: in, It controls the output. It is integral gain. It's an error. It is time; The differential control is used to handle the rate of error change, generating a control output whose magnitude is proportional to the rate of error change, aiming to reduce system oscillations and overshoot; expressed as: in, It controls the output. It is the differential gain. It's an error. It is the derivative of the error; The PID control algorithm combines proportional, integral, and derivative control to produce the final control output. The output of the PID control algorithm is calculated as follows: in, It controls the output. It is proportional gain. It is integral gain. It is the differential gain. This is the current error. The integral representing the error. This represents the rate of change of the error.

[0016] A novel data control method for dry ash discharge and conveying in thermal power plants, characterized by the following steps: S9-1. Determine the target values ​​of the system parameters to be controlled, and set the proportional gain, integral gain, and derivative gain in the controller module; S9-2. Use sensors and data acquisition units to collect data on various key parameters and indicators of the system in real time; S9-3. Based on the real-time collected data, the corresponding control output is calculated using the PID control algorithm to maintain the system parameters close to the set target value. S9-4. The control output is transmitted to the actuators of the system, including the pneumatic conveying system and the external circulation conveyor, to perform the control operation; S9-5. Using the host computer monitoring system module, the collected data is presented to the operator in a graphical and visual manner, including real-time graphs, dashboards, and reports. S9-6, Set alarm rules; S9-7. Record historical data, including the historical trends of various parameters and indicators; S9-8. Operators use the host computer monitoring system for remote control and adjustment; S9-9, the controller module evaluates and optimizes the system's performance.

[0017] In step S9-6, the alarm rule setting first clarifies the targets to be monitored and notified through the alarm rules. The targets include reasonable ranges of system parameters, abnormal situations, and security issues. Then, the system parameters to be monitored are selected, the alarm type and level are determined, and the users who need to receive alarm notifications and the notification methods are determined. Before the alarm rules are officially deployed, tests are conducted to ensure that the alarms can be triggered correctly and notify relevant personnel. The tests simulate different fault conditions and abnormal situations. After the alarm rules are deployed, the system operation needs to be continuously monitored, and the alarm rules should be adjusted according to the actual situation. The adjustments include adjusting the warning threshold, modifying the notification plan, or adding new alarm rules. Subsequently, alarm events are recorded and analyzed.

[0018] After the steps are completed, the system's operating status will be continuously monitored to promptly identify problems and take maintenance measures to ensure the system's stability and reliability.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: Through real-time monitoring and precise data control, the system can more effectively manage the conveying process of slag and fine ash, thereby improving the ash conveying efficiency of the ash discharge system in thermal power plants. This helps to improve power generation efficiency and reduce energy waste.

[0020] The new system uses an external circulation conveyor module, which reduces the circulation of slag during the ash conveying process, thereby reducing equipment wear and tear and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0021] The controller module employs advanced control algorithms, enabling it to respond in real time to changes in system operating status, thereby improving system stability and reliability and reducing failures and downtime.

[0022] The system is equipped with a host computer monitoring module, which can perform remote monitoring, diagnosis and control, helping to handle problems in a timely manner and reducing the risks and workload of on-site operators.

[0023] The sensor and data acquisition unit modules can record historical data, which helps in data analysis and trend prediction, providing strong support for system optimization. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a system structure diagram of a novel dry ash discharge and ash conveying data control system for thermal power plants according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of a novel dry ash discharge and ash conveying data control method for thermal power plants according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Please see Figures 1-2 The present invention provides the following technical solution: like Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a pneumatic slag conveying module, an external circulation conveyor module, a sensor and data acquisition unit module, a controller module, and a host computer monitoring system module. The pneumatic ash conveying module is responsible for transporting the bottom ash to the ash bin via pneumatic conveying pipelines and separating ash lumps from fine ash. The external circulation conveyor module is responsible for sending the fine ash from the ash bin back to the upper conveyor belt at the tail of the dry ash machine, and then sending it back into the ash bin. The connection between these two modules is that the external circulation conveyor module needs to receive the fine ash from the pneumatic ash conveying module and send it back to the ash conveying system to achieve effective conveying and separation of ash lumps and fine ash.

[0027] The sensor and data acquisition unit module is responsible for monitoring various system parameters and indicators, such as slag bin water level, pneumatic conveying pipeline pressure, temperature, flow rate, and wear, and transmitting real-time data to the controller module. The controller module receives data from the sensor and data acquisition unit module to monitor the system status and operation in real time. Based on the sensor data, the controller module makes control decisions, such as adjusting the feed rate and the speed of the pneumatic conveying fan, to optimize system operation.

[0028] The controller module establishes communication with the external circulation conveyor module to control the external circulation conveyor. The controller module can adjust the operating speed and direction of the external circulation conveyor to ensure that the fine ash smoothly returns to the upper conveyor belt at the tail of the dry slag machine and is sent into the slag bin.

[0029] The controller module establishes communication with the host computer monitoring system module to enable remote monitoring and control of the system. The host computer monitoring system module can send control commands and receive real-time data for remote monitoring of the system's operating status, fault diagnosis, and remote control.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, a novel data control method for dry ash discharge and conveying in thermal power plants includes the following steps: S9-1. Determine the target values ​​of the system parameters to be controlled, and set the proportional gain, integral gain, and derivative gain in the controller module; S9-2. Use sensors and data acquisition units to collect data on various key parameters and indicators of the system in real time; S9-3. Based on the real-time collected data, the corresponding control output is calculated using the PID control algorithm to maintain the system parameters close to the set target value. S9-4. The control output is transmitted to the actuators of the system, including the pneumatic conveying system and the external circulation conveyor, to perform the control operation; S9-5. Using the host computer monitoring system module, the collected data is presented to the operator in a graphical and visual manner, including real-time graphs, dashboards, and reports. S9-6, Set alarm rules; S9-7. Record historical data, including the historical trends of various parameters and indicators; S9-8. Operators use the host computer monitoring system for remote control and adjustment; S9-9, the controller module evaluates and optimizes the system's performance.

[0031] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S9-1, the target value of the slag filling level in the slag bin is determined to be 70%, the proportional gain (P) is set to 2.0, the integral gain (I) is set to 0.5, and the differential gain (D) is set to 0.1.

[0032] According to step S9-2, the sensor measures the data shown in Table 1: Table 1 Key Parameters and Indicator Data for Example 1 According to step S9-3, the PID control algorithm combines proportional, integral, and derivative control to produce the final control output. The output of the PID control algorithm is calculated as follows: in, It controls the output. It is proportional gain. It is integral gain. It is the differential gain. This is the current error. The integral representing the error. This represents the rate of change of the error.

[0033] Table 2 shows the experimental data calculated using the PID control algorithm: Table 2 PID control algorithm calculation table for Example 1 In this embodiment, we calculate the error based on the actual water level and the target value, then process the error through integration and differentiation terms to finally calculate the control output. The control output is adjusted according to the magnitude and trend of the error to maintain the slag bin water level close to the target value of 70%.

[0034] Next, execute steps S9-4 to S9-5, and set the alarm rules according to S9-6: slag hopper filling level: 70%, alarm threshold: ±5%, alarm level: high-level alarm, and the users receiving alarm notifications are: Engineer A and Engineer B.

[0035] Table 3 shows the alarm record table for Example 1: Table 3 Alarm Record Table of Example 1 Next, execute steps S9-7 to S9-9 to complete Example 1.

[0036] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the target system parameters are: fan speed, target value: 1200 RPM, proportional gain (P): 0.5, integral gain (I): 0.02, and derivative gain (D): 0.1.

[0037] According to step S9-3, the sensor measures the data shown in Table 4: Table 4 PID control algorithm calculation table for Example 2 0 1100 -100 0 0 40 10 1150 -50 -500 5 42.5 20 1210 10 50 5 45 30 1195 -5 -50 3 44 40 1205 5 25 4 44.5 50 1202 2 12 2.5 44.2 ... ... ... ... ... ... In this embodiment, we use a PID control algorithm to adjust the fan's output power by monitoring the error between the actual fan speed and the target value. The settings of the proportional gain, integral gain, and derivative gain affect the performance of the control system, enabling the fan to respond quickly to errors and maintain a stable speed. By continuously adjusting the PID parameters, the system performance can be optimized, bringing the fan speed closer to the target value.

[0038] According to the alarm rules set in S9-6: target speed: 1200 RPM, alarm threshold: less than the target value, alarm level: high-level alarm, users receiving alarm notifications: Engineer A, Engineer B.

[0039] Table 5 shows the alarm record table for Example 2: Table 5 Alarm Record Table for Example 2 0 1100 No alarm none 10 1150 No alarm none 20 1210 Trigger alarm High level 30 1195 No alarm none 40 1205 Trigger alarm High level 50 1202 Trigger alarm High level Next, execute steps S9-7 to S9-9 to complete Example 2.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel dry ash discharge and ash conveying data control system for thermal power plants, characterized in that: The system includes a pneumatic slag conveying module, an external circulation conveyor module, a sensor and data acquisition unit module, a controller module, and a host computer monitoring system module; The pneumatic slag conveying module transports the bottom ash to the slag bin through a pneumatic conveying pipeline and separates the slag lumps from the fine ash. At the bottom of the dry slag machine in a thermal power plant, slag material accumulates, including slag chunks and fine ash. The pneumatic slag conveying module collects the bottom ash, which is then guided into the pneumatic conveying pipeline. The pneumatic conveying pipeline is designed as a closed pipeline system to ensure that the slag material can be conveyed by the action of compressed air and pneumatic force. The bottom ash is sucked into the pneumatic conveying pipeline, where compressed air is used to generate pneumatic force to transport the slag material from one location to another. During the pneumatic conveying process, the slag material enters a separation and filtration system, the task of which is to separate the slag lumps from the fine ash. The separation and filtration system includes a filter screen and a vibrator. After separation and filtration, the fine ash is conveyed to the slag bin of the thermal power plant, where it is stored. The external circulation conveyor module is located on the slope section of the dry slag machine and is used to send the fine ash from the slag bin back to the upper conveyor belt at the tail of the dry slag machine, and then send it back into the slag bin to achieve continuous slag processing. The external circulation conveyor module extracts fine ash from the slag bin of the thermal power plant. The fine ash is generated during the operation of the thermal power plant and stored in the slag bin. The extracted fine ash enters the chain bucket lifting system of the external circulation conveyor module. The chain bucket lifting system includes a series of chains and chain buckets for lifting the fine ash from the bottom to the upper conveyor belt. After being lifted by the chain buckets, the fine ash is sent to the upper conveyor belt at the tail of the dry slag machine. The conveyor belt runs along the inclined section of the dry slag machine. The fine ash finally returns to the slag bin of the thermal power plant. The sensor and data acquisition unit module is responsible for collecting real-time data to monitor the system's parameters and indicators; the sensor and data acquisition unit module includes sensors and data acquisition units. The controller module uses an embedded controller to manage the operation of the system, coordinate the operation of the pneumatic slag conveying module and the external circulation conveyor module, and perform data analysis. The host computer monitoring system module provides data visualization, fault diagnosis, remote control, and alarm notification.

2. The novel dry ash discharge and ash conveying data control system for thermal power plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensors in the sensor and data acquisition unit module include a slag bin filling sensor, a pneumatic conveying pipeline wear sensor, an external circulation conveyor status sensor, a pneumatic conveying system parameter sensor, and a cleaning chain status sensor. The slag bin filling sensor is installed inside the slag bin to monitor the slag filling status and measure the filling level. The pneumatic conveying pipeline wear sensor is installed inside the pneumatic conveying pipeline to monitor the wear degree of the pipeline, detect wear on the pipeline wall, and promptly detect and prevent air leaks or pipeline wear problems. The external circulation conveyor status sensor is used to monitor the status of the external circulation conveyor module, including information on operating speed, fault status, and chain bucket lifting height. The pneumatic conveying system parameter sensor is installed on the pneumatic conveying system to monitor system parameters, including air pressure, airflow velocity, and temperature. The cleaning chain status sensor is used to monitor the cleaning chain status, including tension, operating speed, and wear degree.

3. A novel dry ash discharge and ash conveying data control system for thermal power plants according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The data acquisition unit communicates with the sensor, receives the data signals generated by the sensor, processes and decodes the received data, transmits the processed data to the controller module and the host computer monitoring system module, and stores historical data for analysis and fault diagnosis.

4. A novel dry ash discharge and ash conveying data control system for thermal power plants according to claim 3, characterized in that: The data acquisition unit processes and decodes the received data in the following steps: S6-1. The data acquisition unit receives data signals generated by the sensor through a connection with the sensor, wherein the data signals are analog signals or digital signals; S6-2. If the signal generated by the sensor is an analog signal, the data acquisition unit needs to perform analog-to-digital conversion to convert the analog signal into a digital format so that the controller module can process it. S6-3, The data acquisition unit decodes the received digital data according to the sensor's data format and communication protocol; S6-4. After the data is decoded, the data acquisition unit processes it, including data filtering, average value calculation, and data correction. S6-5. The processed data is stored in the internal storage device of the data acquisition unit; S6-6. The processed data is transmitted to the controller module via a network connection or communication interface. S6-7 The data acquisition unit includes an error handling mechanism to handle communication errors, data anomalies, or sensor malfunctions.

5. A novel dry ash discharge and ash conveying data control system for thermal power plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller module uses data analysis algorithms to process the collected data, identify anomalies, predict potential problems, and take control strategies as needed; the data analysis algorithm uses a PID control algorithm, which includes proportional control, integral control, and derivative control. The proportional control is used to handle the difference between the current system state and the target value, producing a control output whose magnitude is proportional to the error. This output aims to reduce the error and bring the system back to the target state. The control output is expressed as: ； in, It controls the output. It is proportional gain. This is the current error; The integral control is used to handle the accumulation of error over time, producing a control output whose magnitude is proportional to the integral of the error. This aims to gradually reduce the accumulated error and eliminate the steady-state error, expressed as: ； in, It controls the output. It is integral gain. It's an error. It is time; The differential control is used to handle the rate of error change, generating a control output whose magnitude is proportional to the rate of error change, aiming to reduce system oscillations and overshoot; expressed as: ； in, It controls the output. It is the differential gain. It's an error. It is the derivative of the error; The PID control algorithm combines proportional, integral, and derivative control to produce the final control output; the output of the PID control algorithm is calculated as follows: ； in, It controls the output. It is proportional gain. It is integral gain. It is the differential gain. This is the current error. The integral representing the error. This represents the rate of change of the error.

6. A novel dry ash discharge and ash conveying data control system for thermal power plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor and data acquisition unit module is connected to the controller module to monitor the status of the entire dry ash discharge and ash conveying system of the thermal power plant in real time. It can acquire data on various key parameters and indicators, including ash bin filling level, pneumatic conveying pipeline pressure, external circulation conveyor speed, cleaning chain status, pneumatic conveying pipeline wear, equipment operating status, power consumption, alarm and fault information, and historical data records. The host computer monitoring system module uses the data for analysis and control.

7. A novel data control method for dry ash discharge and ash conveying in thermal power plants, used in the novel data control system for dry ash discharge and ash conveying in thermal power plants according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The steps are as follows: S9-1. Determine the target values ​​of the system parameters to be controlled, and set the proportional gain, integral gain, and derivative gain in the controller module; S9-2. Use sensors and data acquisition units to collect data on various key parameters and indicators of the system in real time; S9-3. Based on the real-time collected data, the corresponding control output is calculated using the PID control algorithm to maintain the system parameters close to the set target value. S9-4. The control output is transmitted to the actuators of the system, including the pneumatic conveying system and the external circulation conveyor, to perform the control operation; S9-5. Using the host computer monitoring system module, the collected data is presented to the operator in a graphical and visual manner, including real-time graphs, dashboards, and reports. S9-6, Set alarm rules; S9-7. Record historical data, including the historical trends of various parameters and indicators; S9-8. Operators use the host computer monitoring system for remote control and adjustment; S9-9, the controller module evaluates and optimizes the system's performance.

8. A novel data control method for dry ash discharge and conveying in thermal power plants according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S9-6, the alarm rule setting first clarifies the targets to be monitored and notified through the alarm rules. The targets include reasonable ranges of system parameters, abnormal situations, and security issues. Then, the system parameters to be monitored are selected, the alarm type and level are determined, and the users who need to receive alarm notifications and the notification methods are determined. Before the alarm rules are officially deployed, tests are conducted to ensure that the alarms can be triggered correctly and notify relevant personnel. The tests simulate different fault conditions and abnormal situations. After the alarm rules are deployed, the system operation needs to be continuously monitored, and the alarm rules should be adjusted according to the actual situation. The adjustments include adjusting the warning threshold, modifying the notification plan, or adding new alarm rules. Subsequently, alarm events are recorded and analyzed.

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