Battery and power consuming device

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a battery and a power consumption device. The battery comprises a battery monomer, a pressure relief mechanism is arranged on a first wall of the battery monomer, and a protective plate is arranged opposite to the pressure relief mechanism, wherein the protective plate comprises at least two kinds of protective sheets, and the at least two kinds of protective sheets are two different high-molecular-matrix composite fiber sheets. The technical scheme provided by the application can protect the battery box from air flow impact and high-temperature melting generated when the battery is in thermal runaway, thereby enhancing the safety performance of the battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] Energy conservation and emission reduction are key to the sustainable development of the automotive industry. In this context, electric vehicles, due to their energy-saving and environmentally friendly advantages, have become an important component of sustainable automotive development. And for electric vehicles, battery technology is a crucial factor in their development.

[0003] In the development of battery technology, besides improving battery performance, safety is also a crucial issue that cannot be ignored. If battery safety cannot be guaranteed, then the battery is unusable. Therefore, how to enhance battery safety is a pressing technical problem that needs to be solved in battery technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, this application provides a battery and an electrical device that can protect the battery casing from the airflow impact and high-temperature melting generated during battery thermal runaway, thereby enhancing the battery's safety performance.

[0005] In a first aspect, a battery is provided, comprising: a battery cell, wherein a pressure relief mechanism is provided on a first wall of the battery cell; and a protective plate, wherein the protective plate is disposed opposite to the pressure relief mechanism, wherein the protective plate comprises at least two types of protective sheets, the at least two types of protective sheets being different polymer matrix composite fiber sheets.

[0006] In this embodiment, the battery includes a battery cell, and a pressure relief mechanism for protecting the battery cell is provided on the first wall of the battery cell. The battery also includes a protective plate, which comprises at least two types of protective sheets. The protective plate is disposed opposite to the pressure relief mechanism, i.e., the protective plate faces the pressure relief mechanism directly. The protective plate is made of at least two types of polymer matrix composite fiber sheets, which can withstand high temperatures and impacts. By distributing the pressure relief mechanism opposite to the protective plate, when the battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the protective plate composed of at least two types of polymer matrix composite fiber protective sheets can block the high-temperature and high-speed gas-solid mixture released by the pressure relief mechanism, protecting the battery casing from airflow impact and high-temperature melting, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the high-temperature resistance of the at least two types of protective plates decreases in the direction away from the pressure relief mechanism.

[0008] In this embodiment, the protective plate is positioned opposite the pressure relief mechanism to protect the battery casing from the high-temperature and high-speed gas-solid mixture released by the pressure relief mechanism. The protective plate includes at least two different protective sheets, and the high-temperature resistance of these sheets decreases progressively, with the sheet closest to the pressure relief mechanism exhibiting the strongest high-temperature resistance. By employing a gradient structure design, the protective plate ensures battery safety while fully utilizing the high-temperature resistance and impact resistance of different protective sheets, avoiding performance overkill and thus reducing the cost of the protective plate.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the polymer matrix composite fiber sheet is a fiber-reinforced resin composite sheet.

[0010] In this embodiment, a fiber-reinforced resin composite sheet is prepared as a protective plate using resin in polymer materials as the matrix. Compared with other polymer material matrices, the fiber-reinforced resin composite sheet has better high temperature resistance and impact resistance.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the fiber-reinforced resin composite sheet comprises multiple layers of fiber-reinforced resin layers, which are formed by combining fiber materials and resin materials.

[0012] In this embodiment, fiber-reinforced resin is a material that can withstand high temperatures and impacts. By using fiber-reinforced resin composite sheets made from this material, and placing a protective plate made from various fiber-reinforced resin composite sheets opposite to the pressure relief mechanism, when the high temperature inside the battery cell and the high-speed discharge of waste materials rush out of the battery cell, the protective plate can protect the casing, preventing the casing from melting due to high temperatures and the impact of high-speed discharge materials, thereby protecting the safety of the battery.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the protective plate includes a first protective sheet, a second protective sheet, and a third protective sheet, which are sequentially located away from the pressure relief mechanism.

[0014] In this embodiment, the protective plate includes three types of protective sheets: a first protective sheet, a second protective sheet, and a third protective sheet. The protective plate made of these three types of protective sheets is positioned opposite the pressure relief mechanism, which further enhances the protective effect of the protective plate on battery safety.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the fiber material in the first protective sheet is carbon fiber or quartz fiber.

[0016] In this embodiment, the first, second, and third protective sheets are sequentially moved away from the pressure relief mechanism, with the first protective sheet being the closest to the pressure relief mechanism. The first protective sheet, made of carbon fiber or quartz fiber, offers the best high-temperature resistance, ensuring battery safety.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the fiber material in the second protective sheet is a ceramic material or a high-silica fiber.

[0018] In this embodiment, the first, second, and third protective sheets are sequentially moved away from the pressure relief mechanism; that is, the second protective sheet is not as close to the pressure relief mechanism as the first protective sheet. The second protective sheet, made of ceramic fiber or high-silica fiber, saves material costs compared to the first protective sheet made of carbon fiber or quartz fiber. Furthermore, after the first protective sheet, which is the most heat-resistant, blocks high temperatures, the second protective sheet also possesses good heat resistance, continuing to protect the battery casing from high temperatures and airflow impacts.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the fiber material in the third protective sheet is glass fiber or pre-ammonia fiber.

[0020] In this embodiment, the first, second, and third protective sheets are sequentially moved away from the pressure relief mechanism, with the third protective sheet being the furthest from it. Compared to the first and second protective sheets, the third protective sheet experiences the lowest temperature released by the pressure relief mechanism. Therefore, using glass fiber or pre-ammonia fiber to make the third protective sheet can both continue to prevent heat diffusion and protect battery safety, while also minimizing costs.

[0021] In one possible implementation, each of the multiple fiber-reinforced resin layers of the first protective sheet comprises fibers arranged in two directions.

[0022] In this embodiment, the first protective sheet is closest to the pressure relief mechanism, and it is the first to come into contact with the mechanism when it releases high temperature and airflow. Therefore, the first protective sheet has the highest requirements for high temperature resistance and impact resistance. The first protective sheet includes multiple layers of fiber-reinforced resin, each layer containing fibers arranged in two directions. The strength of the fiber material arranged in this way is higher than that of fiber material arranged in only one direction, which can improve the protective effect of the first protective sheet on the battery.

[0023] In one possible implementation, each of the multiple fiber-reinforced resin layers of the second and third protective sheets comprises fibers arranged in the same direction, and the different fiber-reinforced resin layers are perpendicular to each other.

[0024] In this embodiment, to improve the strength of the first protective sheet and thus enhance its protective effect, the fiber material in each fiber-reinforced resin layer of the first protective sheet includes fibers with two different arrangement directions. However, for the second and third protective sheets, which have less stringent strength requirements, the fiber material arrangement in each fiber-reinforced resin layer is kept in a single orientation, which maintains a certain level of strength while reducing costs.

[0025] In one possible implementation, each of the multiple fiber-reinforced resin layers of the first protective sheet, the second protective sheet, and the third protective sheet comprises fibers arranged in two directions.

[0026] In this embodiment, when each fiber-reinforced resin layer includes fibers arranged in two directions, the arrangement of this fiber material exhibits high strength. Adopting this high-strength arrangement for the fibers in the multi-layer fiber-reinforced resin layers of different protective sheets can further enhance the protective effect of the protective plate on the battery.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the two arrangement directions are perpendicular.

[0028] In this embodiment of the application, the fiber material in the fiber-reinforced resin layer has the highest strength when the fiber material includes fibers that are perpendicular to each other.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the thickness ratio of the first protective sheet to the protective plate is in the range of 1:10 to 2:10.

[0030] In this embodiment, when the thickness of the first protective sheet is 10% of the total thickness of the protective plate, the first protective sheet can withstand the high temperature and airflow impact released by the pressure relief mechanism. Increasing the thickness of the first protective sheet to 20% of the thickness of the protective plate further improves its protective effect on the battery. However, further increasing the thickness of the first protective sheet only increases costs excessively and has little effect on improving the protection effect.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the thickness ratio of the second protective sheet to the protective plate is in the range of 3:10 to 6:10.

[0032] In this embodiment of the application, when the thickness of the second protective sheet is between 30% and 60% of the total thickness of the protective plate, the second protective sheet can continue to protect the battery and save the overall production cost of the protective plate.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the thickness ratio of the third protective sheet to the protective plate is in the range of 2:10 to 5:10.

[0034] In this embodiment of the application, when the thickness of the third protective sheet is between 20% and 50% of the total thickness of the protective plate, the third protective sheet can both continue to protect the battery and save the overall production cost of the protective plate.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the thickness ratio of the first protective sheet, the second protective sheet, and the third protective sheet is 2:4:4.

[0036] In this embodiment, the protective plate with a gradient fiber structure is positioned directly opposite the pressure relief mechanism. This protects the battery housing from the high temperature and airflow released by the pressure relief mechanism, ensuring battery safety, while also reducing the manufacturing cost of the protective plate. Setting the thicknesses of the first, second, and third protective plates, which are sequentially located away from the pressure relief mechanism, to 2:4:4 minimizes material costs while ensuring battery safety.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the resin material is a silicone-based aerogel-modified resin or a high-temperature flame-retardant resin.

[0038] In this embodiment, the material composed of fibers and resin possesses high-temperature resistance and impact resistance. Using silicone-based aerogel-modified resin or high-temperature flame-retardant resin can further improve the high-temperature resistance and impact resistance of the protective plate.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the thickness of the fiber material is 6-100 μm.

[0040] Using fiber materials with a thickness of 6-100um can give the protective plate both high temperature resistance and impact resistance, while also reducing production costs.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the thickness of the protective plate is 0.2-5 mm.

[0042] Using protective plates with a thickness of 0.2-5mm can not only make the protective plates resistant to high temperatures and impacts, but also reduce production costs.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the battery cell is housed within a casing, and the first wall is the wall of the battery cell located near the top cover of the casing and disposed opposite to the top cover.

[0044] In this embodiment, when the first wall is the wall of the battery cell near the top cover of the casing and opposite to the top cover, the pressure relief mechanism faces the top cover. The protective plate is opposite to the pressure relief mechanism, that is, the protective plate is located near the top cover. When the battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the protective plate of polymer matrix composite fiber can block the high temperature and high speed gas-solid mixture released by the pressure relief mechanism, protecting the battery top cover from airflow impact and high temperature melting.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the protective plate is integrated with the top cover.

[0046] In this embodiment, the protective plate and the top cover are integrated. The protective plate and the top cover can be used together as the top cover of the battery, or the protective plate can be used alone as the top cover of the battery. When the protective plate and the top cover are used together as the top cover of the battery, the protective plate protects the top cover, thereby better protecting the battery. When the protective plate is used alone as the top cover of the battery, it protects the top cover of the battery from high temperature and airflow impact, while simplifying the structure of the top cover of the battery.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the protective plate is disposed between the top cover and the first wall.

[0048] In this embodiment, the protective plate is disposed between the top cover and the first wall, that is, between the top cover and the pressure relief mechanism. This allows the protective plate to directly protect the top cover from high temperatures and airflow impacts, thereby enhancing battery safety.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the protective plate is the same size as the top cover.

[0050] In this embodiment, the protective plate is disposed between the top cover and the first wall. When the protective plate and the top cover are the same size, the protective plate can not only protect the top cover from the high temperature and high speed gas-solid mixture released by the pressure relief mechanism, but also improve the sealing effect on the inside of the battery. In addition, the fact that the protective plate and the top cover are the same size also facilitates assembly and reduces the assembly difficulty.

[0051] In one possible implementation, the protective plate is smaller than the top cover.

[0052] In this embodiment, the protective plate is disposed between the top cover and the first wall. When the size of the protective plate is smaller than that of the top cover, the protective plate can protect the top cover on the one hand, and reduce costs on the other.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the protective plate is strip-shaped, and its projection on the first wall covers the pressure relief mechanism.

[0054] In this embodiment, the protective plate is disposed between the top cover and the first wall. When the protective plate is strip-shaped and its projection on the first wall covers the pressure relief mechanism, the protective plate can maintain a good protective effect on the top cover on the one hand, and reduce costs to the greatest extent on the other hand, avoiding waste of materials in non-protected areas.

[0055] In one possible implementation, in the first direction, the length of the protective plate is 1 to 3 times the length of the pressure relief mechanism.

[0056] In this embodiment, a strip-shaped protective plate is disposed on and covers the pressure relief mechanism. In the first direction, the length of the protective plate is 1-3 times the length of the pressure relief mechanism to ensure complete coverage of the mechanism.

[0057] In one possible implementation, the protective plate is block-shaped, and its projection on the first wall covers each of the pressure relief mechanisms.

[0058] In this embodiment, the protective plate is disposed between the top cover and the first wall. The protective plate is block-shaped and its projection on the first wall covers each pressure relief mechanism. Each block-shaped plate is individually arranged above its corresponding pressure relief mechanism, forming a one-to-one protection to precisely protect each battery cell.

[0059] In one possible implementation, the area of ​​the protective plate is 1-2 times the area of ​​each of the pressure relief mechanisms.

[0060] In this embodiment, the block-shaped protective plate provides one-to-one protection for each pressure relief mechanism, ensuring precise protection. The area of ​​the block-shaped protective plate is 1-2 times the area of ​​each pressure relief mechanism, further enhancing the protective effect of the plate on the battery.

[0061] In one possible implementation, the protective plate is connected to the top cover by bolts or adhesive.

[0062] In this embodiment, bolts or adhesive are used to connect the protective plate and the top cover. This connection method is simple to implement, highly operable, and conducive to widespread application in production.

[0063] In one possible implementation, the battery cell is housed within a casing, and the first wall is the wall of the battery cell that is close to the bottom wall of the casing and is disposed opposite to the bottom wall.

[0064] In this embodiment, when the first wall is the wall of the battery cell near the bottom wall of the housing and is positioned opposite to the bottom wall, the pressure relief mechanism faces the bottom wall. The protective plate is positioned opposite to the pressure relief mechanism, that is, the protective plate is positioned near the bottom wall. When thermal runaway occurs inside the battery cell, the protective plate of polymer matrix composite fiber can block the high temperature and high speed gas-solid mixture released by the pressure relief mechanism, protecting the bottom wall of the battery from airflow impact and high temperature melting.

[0065] In one possible implementation, the protective plate is integrated with the bottom wall of the enclosure.

[0066] In this embodiment, the protective plate and the bottom wall are integrated. The protective plate and the bottom wall can serve together as the bottom wall of the battery, or the protective plate can serve alone as the bottom wall of the battery. When the protective plate and the bottom wall serve together as the bottom wall of the battery, the protective plate protects the bottom wall, thereby better protecting the battery safety. When the protective plate serves alone as the bottom wall of the battery, while protecting the bottom wall of the battery from high temperature and airflow impact, the structure of the bottom wall of the battery is simpler.

[0067] In one possible implementation, the protective plate is disposed between the bottom wall and the first wall.

[0068] In this embodiment, the protective plate is disposed between the bottom wall and the first wall, that is, between the bottom wall and the pressure relief mechanism. This allows the protective plate to directly protect the bottom wall from high temperatures and airflow impacts, thus ensuring the battery's safety performance.

[0069] In one possible implementation, a heat insulation component is provided between the protective plate and the housing.

[0070] In this embodiment, adding a protective plate between the first wall (where the pressure relief mechanism is located) and the battery casing can protect the battery casing from the impact of high temperature and high-speed airflow. Further adding a heat insulation component between the protective plate and the casing can further reduce the casing temperature and enhance the battery's safety performance.

[0071] In a second aspect, an electrical device is provided, comprising a battery as described in any of the above embodiments, the battery being used to provide electrical energy. Attached Figure Description

[0072] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle according to an embodiment of this application;

[0073] Figure 2 This is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of this application;

[0074] Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery cell according to an embodiment of this application;

[0075] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery according to another embodiment of this application;

[0076] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fiber resin reinforcement layer according to an embodiment of this application;

[0077] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a protective plate according to an embodiment of this application;

[0078] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of fiber materials according to an embodiment of this application;

[0079] Figure 8 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery according to another embodiment of this application;

[0080] Figure 9 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery according to another embodiment of this application;

[0081] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a protective plate according to another embodiment of this application;

[0082] The reference numerals in the detailed embodiments are as follows:

[0083] Vehicle 1, Battery 2, Battery Cell 6, Protective Plate 8;

[0084] Box 20, electrode assembly 61, outer shell 62, electrode terminal 63, connecting member 64, pressure relief mechanism 65, heat insulation component 67, fiber reinforced resin layer 81, first protective sheet 82, second protective sheet 83, and third protective sheet 84.

[0085] First housing / top cover 201, second housing / bottom wall 202, accommodating space 203, housing 621, end cover 622, positive electrode terminal 631, negative electrode terminal 632, fiber material layer 811, fiber pores 812, first direction X. Detailed Implementation

[0086] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0087] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0088] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0089] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0090] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0091] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0092] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0093] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0094] In this application, the battery cell may include lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to this. The battery cell may be cylindrical, flat, or other shapes, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to this either. Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to their packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells, and pouch battery cells, and the embodiments of this application are not limited to this either. For ease of explanation, the following embodiments use lithium metal batteries as an example for illustration.

[0095] The battery mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module comprising one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. For example, the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack. A battery generally includes a housing for encapsulating one or more battery cells. The housing prevents liquids or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.

[0096] In new energy battery vehicles, the battery pack, serving as the energy source, is installed inside the car. The discharge of the batteries in the battery pack drives the electric motor of the new energy vehicle. As people's requirements for new energy vehicles gradually increase, the requirements for battery energy density are also constantly increasing. For high-energy battery systems with silicon-doped anodes, when a single or multiple batteries in the battery system experience thermal runaway, they can generate gas with temperatures exceeding 1500°C. When the maximum velocity of the gas exceeds the speed of sound, existing thermal insulation materials, primarily aerogel, are no longer able to withstand the temperature and airflow impacts of such high-temperature, high-speed airflow. This causes the aerogel-based thermal insulation material to undergo structural thermal and mechanical disintegration, leading to protective failure. The high-temperature, high-speed airflow penetrates the battery pack casing, causing the steel battery casing, with a melting point of 1500°C, to directly combust and continue burning for approximately 30 seconds, directly damaging the main body of the new energy vehicle and endangering passenger safety.

[0097] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a technical solution. A protective plate is installed inside the battery pack housing. This protective plate can block the high-temperature, high-speed gas-solid mixture generated during battery thermal runaway, protecting the battery housing from airflow impact and high-temperature melting, thereby improving battery safety performance.

[0098] The protective plate described in the embodiments of this application is applicable to batteries and electrical devices that use batteries.

[0099] Electrical equipment can include vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys, and power tools, etc. Vehicles can be gasoline-powered cars, natural gas-powered cars, or new energy vehicles; new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. Spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc. Electric toys include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Power tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools, and railway power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, and electric planers, etc. This application does not impose any special limitations on the above-mentioned electrical devices.

[0100] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments will use a vehicle as an example of an electrical device.

[0101] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in one embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, a battery 2 is installed inside the vehicle 1. The battery 2 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 1. The battery 2 can be used to power the vehicle 1; for example, the battery 2 can serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1.

[0102] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a battery explosion according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 As shown, battery 2 includes a housing 20, battery cells 6, and a protective plate 8. Battery cells 6 and protective plate 8 are housed within the housing 20.

[0103] The housing 20 is used to accommodate the battery cell 6. The housing 20 can have various structures. In some embodiments, the housing 20 may include a first housing portion 201 and a second housing portion 202, which overlap each other, and together define a receiving space 203 for accommodating the battery cell 6. The second housing portion 202 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first housing portion 201 may be a plate-like structure, with the first housing portion 201 covering the open side of the second housing portion 202 to form a housing 20 with the receiving space 203; the first housing portion 201 and the second housing portion 202 may also both be hollow structures with one side open, with the open side of the first housing portion 201 covering the open side of the second housing portion 202 to form a housing 20 with the receiving space 203. Of course, the first box section 201 and the second box section 202 can be of various shapes, such as cylinders, cuboids, etc.

[0104] To improve the sealing performance after the first housing part 201 and the second housing part 202 are connected, a sealing element, such as sealant or sealing ring, can also be provided between the first housing part 201 and the second housing part 202.

[0105] Assuming that the first box part 201 covers the top of the second box part 202, the first box part 201 can also be called the top cover, and the second box part 202 can also be called the bottom wall.

[0106] In battery 2, there are multiple battery cells 6. These multiple battery cells 6 can be connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration. A mixed configuration means that multiple battery cells 6 are connected in both series and parallel connections. Multiple battery cells 6 can be directly connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration and then housed within the housing 20. Alternatively, multiple battery cells 6 can first be connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration to form a battery module (not shown in the figure), and then these battery modules can be connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration to form a whole, which is then housed within the housing 20. The multiple battery cells 6 within a battery module can be electrically connected through a busbar component to achieve parallel, series, or mixed connections.

[0107] Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery cell according to one embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, a battery cell 6 includes one or more electrode assemblies 61, a housing 621, and an end cap 622. The housing 621 and the end cap 622 form a casing or battery box 62. The walls of the housing 621 and the end cap 622 are both referred to as the walls of the battery cell 6. For a cuboid battery cell 6, the walls of the housing 621 include a bottom wall and four side walls. The shape of the housing 621 depends on the shape of the assembled one or more electrode assemblies 61. For example, the housing 621 can be a hollow cuboid, cube, or cylinder, and one face of the housing 621 has an opening so that one or more electrode assemblies 61 can be placed inside the housing 621. For example, when the housing 621 is a hollow cuboid or cube, one plane of the housing 621 is an open face, that is, this plane does not have a wall, allowing communication between the inside and outside of the housing 621. When the housing 621 can be a hollow cylinder, the end face of the housing 621 is an open face, that is, this end face does not have a wall, allowing communication between the inside and outside of the housing 621. End cap 622 covers the opening and is connected to housing 621 to form a closed cavity for housing electrode assembly 61. Housing 621 is filled with electrolyte, such as electrolyte solution.

[0108] The battery cell 6 may also include two electrode terminals 63, which can be disposed on an end cap 622. The end cap 622 is typically flat, and the two electrode terminals 63 are fixed to the flat surface of the end cap 622. The two electrode terminals 63 are a positive electrode terminal 631 and a negative electrode terminal 632, respectively. Each electrode terminal 63 is provided with a corresponding connecting member 64, or a current collector 64, which is located between the end cap 622 and the electrode assembly 61, and is used to electrically connect the electrode assembly 61 and the electrode terminal 63.

[0109] In this single battery cell 6, the battery assembly 61 can be configured as a single unit or multiple units, depending on actual usage requirements, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the battery cell 6 contains four independent battery modules 61.

[0110] A pressure relief mechanism 65 may also be provided on the battery cell 6. The pressure relief mechanism 65 is actuated to release the internal pressure or temperature when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 6 reaches a threshold.

[0111] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery according to another embodiment of this application. Figure 4 As shown, the battery 2 includes a battery cell 6, and a pressure relief mechanism 65 is provided on the first wall of the battery cell 6; a protective plate 8 is provided opposite to the pressure relief mechanism 65, wherein the protective plate 8 includes at least two kinds of protective sheets, and the at least two kinds of protective sheets are different polymer matrix composite fiber sheets.

[0112] In this embodiment, the pressure relief mechanism 65 is a structural component that is actuated to release the internal pressure of the battery cell 6 when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 6 reaches a threshold. For example, the pressure relief mechanism 65 can be a temperature-sensitive pressure relief mechanism, which is configured to melt when the internal temperature of the battery cell 6 with the pressure relief mechanism 65 reaches a threshold; and / or, the pressure relief mechanism 65 can be a pressure-sensitive pressure relief mechanism, which is configured to rupture when the internal air pressure of the battery cell 6 with the pressure relief mechanism 65 reaches a threshold. This application does not limit the type of pressure relief mechanism.

[0113] Battery 2 includes a battery cell 6, and a pressure relief mechanism 65 for protecting the battery cell 6 is provided on the first wall of the battery cell 6. Battery 2 also includes a protective plate 8, which is a protective sheet composed of at least two kinds of polymer matrix composite fiber sheets. The protective plate 8 is arranged opposite to the pressure relief mechanism 65, that is, the protective plate 8 faces the pressure relief mechanism 65 directly. The protective plate 8, composed of at least two kinds of polymer matrix composite fiber sheets, can withstand high temperatures and impacts.

[0114] In the above scheme, by setting the pressure relief mechanism 65 opposite to the protective plate 8, when the battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the protective plate 8 made of polymer matrix composite fiber can block the high temperature and high speed gas-solid mixture released by the pressure relief mechanism 65, protecting the battery box 20 from airflow impact and high temperature melting, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery 2.

[0115] Optionally, the high-temperature resistance of at least two types of protective plates decreases in the direction away from the pressure relief mechanism by 65 degrees.

[0116] When the pressure relief mechanism 65 releases a high-temperature and high-speed gas-solid mixture, the protective plate 8 needs to protect the battery casing 20 to prevent damage to the casing 20 due to the high temperature and high speed. The protective plate 8 includes at least two different protective plates, and the high temperature resistance of the at least two protective plates decreases in that order. That is, the protective plate closest to the pressure relief mechanism 65 in the protective plate 8 has the strongest high temperature resistance and impact resistance.

[0117] In the above scheme, the protective plate 8 with a gradient structure design can ensure the safety of battery 2 while making full use of the high temperature resistance and impact resistance of different protective sheets, without causing performance overkill, thereby reducing the cost of protective plate 8.

[0118] Optionally, the polymer composite fiber sheet is a fiber-reinforced resin composite sheet.

[0119] In the above scheme, fiber-reinforced resin composite board is prepared as protective board 8 using resin in polymer materials as the matrix. Compared with other polymer material matrices, fiber-reinforced resin composite board has better high temperature resistance and impact resistance.

[0120] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fiber-reinforced resin layer according to an embodiment of this application. The fiber-reinforced resin composite sheet includes multiple fiber-reinforced resin layers 81, which are formed by combining fiber materials and resin materials.

[0121] The composite process between fiber materials and resin materials is not limited in this application. For example, a single fiber material layer 811 can be immersed in a resin material slurry, so that the resin material slurry fully wets the fiber pores 812 in the single fiber material layer 811, and then baked at a temperature of 60℃-120℃ for 3-30 minutes to obtain a fiber-reinforced resin layer 81.

[0122] The fiber-reinforced resin material in this embodiment is a dark brown material with good acid resistance, mechanical properties, and heat resistance. Even at very high temperatures, it can maintain the integrity of its structure and the stability of its dimensions. It is widely used in anti-corrosion engineering, adhesives, and flame retardants.

[0123] In the above scheme, fiber-reinforced resin is a material that can withstand high temperatures and impacts. By using fiber-reinforced resin composite sheets made of this material, and setting up a protective plate 8 made of various fiber-reinforced resin composite sheets opposite to the pressure relief mechanism 65, when the high temperature inside the battery cell 6 and the high-speed discharge of the battery cell 6 are rushed out of the battery cell 6, the protective plate 8 can protect the casing 20, so that the casing 20 is protected from the impact of high temperature melting and high-speed discharge, thereby protecting the safety of the battery 2.

[0124] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a protective plate according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 As shown, the protective plate 8 includes a first protective plate 82, a second protective plate 83, and a third protective plate 84, which are sequentially located away from the pressure relief mechanism 65.

[0125] This application does not limit the preparation process of the first protective sheet 82, the second protective sheet 83 and the third protective sheet 84 into the protective plate 8. They can be integrally formed, or different protective sheets can be prepared separately and then combined through processes such as hot pressing. The following are just examples.

[0126] For example, the first protective sheet 82, the second protective sheet 83, and the third protective sheet 84 can be prepared separately first. The fiber material layer 811 of a single first protective sheet 82 is immersed in a resin material slurry, so that the resin material slurry fully wets the fiber material layer 811 of the single first protective sheet 82, and then baked at a temperature of 60℃-120℃ for 3-30 minutes to obtain the single-layer fiber-reinforced resin layer 81 of the first protective sheet 82.

[0127] Take another fiber material with slightly weaker high temperature resistance and impact resistance, and keep the other conditions unchanged to prepare the single-layer fiber-reinforced resin layer 81 of the second protective sheet 83.

[0128] Take another fiber material with the weakest high temperature resistance and impact resistance, and keep the other conditions unchanged to make a single-layer fiber-reinforced resin layer 81 of the third protective sheet 84.

[0129] The protective plate 8 is formed by sequentially stacking single-layer fiber-reinforced resin layers 81 of the three different protective sheets described above, and hot-pressing them under a pressure of 0.1-10 MPa and a temperature of 100℃-200℃. The number of fiber-reinforced resin layers 81 in the first protective sheet 82, the second protective sheet 83, and the third protective sheet 84 can be changed according to actual needs; in addition, the resin material in the first protective sheet 82, the second protective sheet 83, and the third protective sheet 84 can be changed according to requirements. In the above scheme, the protective plate 8 includes the first protective sheet 82, the second protective sheet 83, and the third protective sheet 84. The protective plate 8 made of these three protective sheets is arranged opposite to the pressure relief mechanism 65, which can further improve the protective effect of the protective plate 8 on the safety of the battery 2.

[0130] Optionally, the fiber material in the first protective sheet 82 is carbon fiber or quartz fiber.

[0131] Carbon fiber refers to high-strength, high-modulus fibers with a carbon content of over 90%. It boasts the highest high-temperature resistance of all fiber materials, making it an excellent material for manufacturing high-tech equipment in aerospace and other applications. Quartz fiber is a fiber material made from high-purity quartz or natural crystal and is also an excellent high-temperature resistant material. In the embodiments of this application, the first protective plate 82, made of carbon fiber or quartz fiber, can completely block the high-temperature and gas-solid impact materials released by the pressure relief mechanism 65. Generally, the first protective plate 82 made of carbon fiber or quartz fiber inside the battery 2 can withstand high-temperature impacts of approximately 1800°C.

[0132] In the above scheme, the first protective plate 82, the second protective plate 83, and the third protective plate 84 are sequentially moved away from the pressure relief mechanism 65, meaning that the first protective plate 82 is closest to the pressure relief mechanism 65. The first protective plate 82, made of carbon fiber or quartz fiber, has the best high-temperature resistance and can protect the safety of battery 2.

[0133] Optionally, the fiber material in the second protective sheet 83 is a ceramic material or a high-silica fiber.

[0134] Ceramic fiber is a fiber material in which ceramic components such as alumina are added. Ceramic fiber has excellent high-temperature resistance. In the embodiments of this application, the second protective sheet 83 made of ceramic fiber can withstand high-temperature impact of 1000°C and can continue to protect the battery cell 6.

[0135] In the above scheme, the first protective sheet 82, the second protective sheet 83, and the third protective sheet 84 are sequentially moved away from the pressure relief mechanism 65. That is, the second protective sheet 83 is not as close to the pressure relief mechanism 65 as the first protective sheet 82. The second protective sheet 83, made of ceramic fiber or high-silica fiber, saves material costs compared to the first protective sheet 82, which is made of carbon fiber or quartz fiber. At the same time, after the first protective sheet 82, which is the most heat-resistant, blocks the high temperature, the second protective sheet 83 also has good heat resistance, continuing to protect the battery 2 from high temperature and airflow impact.

[0136] Optionally, the fiber material in the third protective sheet 84 is glass fiber pre-ammonia fiber.

[0137] Glass fiber and pre-ammonia fiber are inexpensive and are the most commonly used reinforcing materials in composite materials, as well as electrical insulation and thermal insulation materials. Glass fiber and pre-ammonia fiber can withstand temperatures ranging from 180℃ to 430℃. In the embodiments of this application, the third protective sheet 84 prepared from glass fiber or pre-ammonia fiber can serve as the final layer of protection for the battery housing 20.

[0138] In the above scheme, the first protective sheet 82, the second protective sheet 83, and the third protective sheet 84 are sequentially located further away from the pressure relief mechanism 65, meaning the third protective sheet 84 is the furthest from the pressure relief mechanism 65. Compared to the first protective sheet 82 and the second protective sheet 83, the third protective sheet 84 experiences the lowest temperature released by the pressure relief mechanism 65. Therefore, using glass fiber or pre-ammonia fiber to make the third protective sheet 84 can both continue to prevent heat diffusion and protect battery safety, while also saving costs to the greatest extent.

[0139] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of fiber materials according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 As shown, optionally, each fiber-reinforced resin layer 81 in the multilayer fiber-reinforced resin layer 81 of the first protective sheet 82 includes fibers arranged in two directions.

[0140] When the fibers have two arrangement directions, the strength of the fiber material is higher than that of the fiber material with only one arrangement direction. The first protective plate 82 is closest to the pressure relief mechanism 65, and therefore has the highest performance requirements.

[0141] In the above scheme, the first protective sheet 82 is closest to the pressure relief mechanism 65. When the pressure relief mechanism 65 releases high temperature and airflow, the first protective sheet 82 is the first to come into contact. Therefore, the first protective sheet 82 has the highest requirements for high temperature resistance and impact resistance. The first protective sheet 82 includes multiple layers of fiber-reinforced resin layers 81. Each layer of fiber-reinforced resin layers 81 includes fibers arranged in two directions. The fiber material with this arrangement has high strength, which can improve the protective effect of the first protective sheet 82.

[0142] Optionally, each fiber-reinforced resin layer 81 in the multilayer fiber-reinforced resin layers 81 of the second protective sheet 83 and the third protective sheet 84 includes fibers arranged in the same direction, and the different fiber-reinforced resin layers 81 are perpendicular to each other.

[0143] To improve the strength of the first protective sheet 82 and thus enhance its protective effect against the high-temperature airflow released by the pressure relief mechanism 65, the fiber material in each fiber-reinforced resin layer 81 of the first protective sheet 82 includes fibers arranged in two directions. However, for the second and third protective sheets 83 and 84, which have lower strength requirements, maintaining a certain level of strength is sufficient.

[0144] In the above scheme, the fiber material arrangement in each fiber-reinforced resin layer 81 of the second protective sheet 83 and the third protective sheet 84 is kept in a single orientation, which can maintain a certain strength and reduce costs.

[0145] Optionally, the fiber material of each of the multilayer fiber-reinforced resin layers 81 of the first protective sheet 82, the second protective sheet 83, and the third protective sheet 84 includes fibers arranged in two directions.

[0146] When the fiber material of each fiber-reinforced resin layer 81 includes two arrangement directions, the first protective sheet 82, the second protective sheet 83, and the third protective sheet 84 using this arrangement method all have high strength.

[0147] In the above scheme, the fiber material in the multi-layer fiber-reinforced resin layer 81 of different protective sheets includes fibers with two different arrangement directions, which can further improve the protective effect of the protective plate 8 on the battery cell 6.

[0148] Alternatively, the two arrangement directions can be perpendicular.

[0149] In the above scheme, when the fiber material in the fiber-reinforced resin layer 81 includes fibers that are perpendicular to each other, the fiber material with this arrangement has the highest strength, and the protective plate 8 made of the fiber material with this arrangement has the best protection effect on the battery 6.

[0150] Optionally, the thickness ratio of the first protective sheet 82 to the protective plate 8 is in the range of 1:10 to 2:10.

[0151] In the above scheme, when the thickness of the first protective sheet 82 is 10% of the total thickness of the protective plate 8, the first protective sheet 82 can withstand the high temperature and airflow impact released by the pressure relief mechanism 65. Increasing the thickness of the first protective sheet 82 to 20% of the thickness of the protective plate 8 can improve the protection effect of the first protective sheet 82 on the battery 2. However, further increasing the thickness of the first protective sheet 82 would only increase costs excessively and have little effect on improving the protection effect.

[0152] Optionally, the thickness ratio of the second protective sheet 83 to the protective plate 8 is in the range of 3:10 to 6:10.

[0153] In the above scheme, when the thickness of the second protective sheet 83 is between 30% and 60% of the total thickness of the protective plate 8, the second protective sheet 83 can continue to protect the battery 2 and save the overall production cost of the protective plate 8.

[0154] Optionally, the thickness ratio of the third protective sheet 84 to the protective plate 8 is in the range of 2:10 to 5:10.

[0155] In the above scheme, when the thickness of the third protective sheet 84 is between 20% and 50% of the total thickness of the protective plate 8, the third protective sheet 84 can continue to protect the battery 2 and save the overall production cost of the protective plate 8.

[0156] Optionally, the thickness ratio of the first protective sheet 82, the second protective sheet 83, and the third protective sheet 84 is 2:4:4.

[0157] The high-temperature resistance of the first protective sheet 82, the second protective sheet 83, and the third protective sheet 84 decreases in that order, and the material cost of these three also decreases in that order.

[0158] In the above scheme, the protective plate 8, with its gradient fiber structure design, is positioned directly opposite the pressure relief mechanism 65. This not only protects the battery cell 6's casing 20 from the high temperature and airflow released by the pressure relief mechanism 65, thus ensuring the safety of the battery cell 6, but also reduces the manufacturing cost of the protective plate 8. Setting the thicknesses of the first protective plate 82, the second protective plate 83, and the third protective plate 84, which are sequentially located further away from the pressure relief mechanism 65, to a ratio of 2:4:4, minimizes material costs while ensuring the safety of the battery 2.

[0159] Optionally, the resin material is a silicone-based aerogel-modified resin or a high-temperature resistant flame-retardant resin.

[0160] The resin material in the embodiments of this application may be a silicone-based aerogel modified resin or a high-temperature resistant flame-retardant resin.

[0161] In the above scheme, the material composed of fiber and resin has high temperature resistance and impact resistance. Using silicone-based aerogel modified resin or high temperature resistant flame retardant resin can further improve the high temperature resistance and impact resistance of the protective plate 8.

[0162] Optionally, the thickness of the fiber material is 6-100 μm.

[0163] For example, in the embodiments of this application, the thickness of the fiber material can be 10um, 20um or 50um, etc., and can be appropriately adjusted according to the needs of the production process.

[0164] In the above scheme, fiber materials with a thickness of 6-100um are used, which can make the protective plate 8 have high temperature resistance and impact resistance, while reducing production costs.

[0165] Optionally, the thickness of the protective plate 8 is 0.2-5mm.

[0166] For example, in the embodiments of this application, the thickness of the protective plate 8 can be 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and can also be appropriately adjusted according to the needs of the production process.

[0167] In the above solution, a protective plate 8 with a thickness of 0.2-5mm is used, which can make the protective plate 8 have high temperature resistance and impact resistance, and also reduce production costs.

[0168] Optionally, such as Figure 4 As shown, the battery cell 6 is housed in the housing 20, and the first wall is the wall of the battery cell 6 that is close to the top cover 201 of the housing 20 and is disposed opposite to the top cover 201.

[0169] When the first wall is the wall of the battery cell 6 that is close to the top cover 201 of the housing 20 and is positioned opposite to the top cover 201, the pressure relief mechanism 65 approaches and moves toward the top cover 201.

[0170] In the above scheme, the protective plate 8 is disposed between the pressure relief mechanism 65 and the top cover 201. When the battery cell 6 experiences thermal runaway and the pressure relief mechanism 65 releases the internal temperature and pressure of the battery cell 6, the protective plate 8 made of polymer matrix composite fiber can block the high temperature and high speed gas-solid mixture released by the pressure relief mechanism 65, protecting the top cover 201 of the battery 2 from airflow impact and high temperature melting, thereby protecting the safety of the battery 2.

[0171] Optionally, the protective panel 8 is integrated with the top cover 201.

[0172] The protective plate 8 and the top cover 201 are integrated, meaning that the protective plate 8 and the top cover 201 can be used together as the top cover 201 of the battery 2, or the protective plate 8 can be used alone as the top cover 201 of the battery 2.

[0173] In the above scheme, when the protective plate 8 and the top cover 201 together serve as the top cover 201 of the battery 2, the top cover 201 of the battery 2 has a two-layer structure. The protective plate 8 protects the top cover 201, thereby better protecting the safety of the battery 2. When the protective plate 8 serves as the top cover 201 of the battery 2 alone, the protective plate 8 can not only protect the top cover 201 of the battery 2 from high temperature and airflow impact, but also simplify the structure of the battery 2 and reduce the production cost of the battery 2.

[0174] When the protective plate 8 and the top cover 201 are integrated, the top cover 201 can be of an irregular shape. In this embodiment, the top cover 201 can also be square, round, etc. This application does not limit it in any way. That is, in the production process, the top cover 201 and the protective plate 8 of any shape can be manufactured according to the specific product needs.

[0175] Optionally, such as Figure 4 As shown, the protective plate 8 is disposed between the top cover 201 and the first wall.

[0176] The protective plate 8 is disposed between the top cover 201 and the first wall, that is, the pressure relief mechanism 65 faces the top cover 201, and the protective plate 8 is disposed between the top cover 201 and the pressure relief mechanism 65.

[0177] In the above scheme, the protective plate 8 is placed between the top cover 201 and the pressure relief structure 65, with the pressure relief structure 65 facing the top cover 201. In this way, the protective plate 8 can directly protect the top cover 201, so that the top cover 201, which is directly facing the pressure relief structure 65, is protected from the impact of high temperature and airflow, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery 2.

[0178] Please continue to refer to Figure 4 Optionally, the protective plate 8 is the same size as the top cover 201.

[0179] The protective plate 8 is positioned between the top cover 201 and the pressure relief structure 65, and the protective plate 8 is the same size as the top cover 201, so that the protective plate 8 can provide more comprehensive protection for the top cover 201.

[0180] In the above scheme, when the protective plate 8 is placed between the top cover 201 and the pressure relief structure 65 and the protective plate 8 and the top cover 201 are the same size, the protective plate 8 can not only provide more comprehensive protection for the top cover 201, protecting it from the high temperature and high speed gas-solid mixture released by the pressure relief mechanism 65, but also improve the sealing effect on the inside of the battery 2. In addition, the fact that the protective plate 8 and the top cover 201 are the same size also facilitates assembly and reduces the assembly difficulty.

[0181] Figure 7 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery according to another embodiment of this application. Figure 7 As shown, optionally, the size of the protective plate 8 is smaller than that of the top cover 201.

[0182] In the above scheme, the protective plate 8 is disposed between the top cover 201 and the first wall equipped with the pressure relief mechanism 65. When the size of the protective plate 8 is smaller than that of the top cover 201, the protective plate 8 can both protect the top cover 201 to improve the safety performance of the battery 2 and reduce production costs.

[0183] Figure 8 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery according to another embodiment of this application. Figure 8As shown, optionally, the protective plate 8 is strip-shaped, and the projection of the protective plate 8 on the first wall covers the pressure relief mechanism 65.

[0184] The shape of the protective plate 8 can be Figure 8 The strip shown can also be circular or any other shape, as long as the projection of the protective plate 8 on the first wall covers the pressure relief mechanism 65 and can serve to protect the battery 2 housing 20. This application does not limit the shape of the protective plate 8.

[0185] In the above scheme, the protective plate 8 is disposed between the top cover 201 and the first wall. When the protective plate 8 is strip-shaped and its projection on the first wall covers the pressure relief mechanism 65, the protective plate 8 can maintain a good protective effect on the top cover 201 on the one hand, and reduce costs to the greatest extent on the other hand, avoiding waste of materials in non-protected areas.

[0186] Optionally, in the first direction X, the length of the protective plate 8 is 1 to 3 times the length of the pressure relief mechanism 65.

[0187] In the above scheme, in the first direction X, the length of the protective plate 8 is 1 to 3 times that of the pressure relief mechanism 65, so that the protective plate 8 can completely cover the pressure relief mechanism 65 and ensure the protective plate 8's defensive function against the pressure relief mechanism 65.

[0188] Optionally, the protective plate 8 is block-shaped, and the projection of the protective plate 8 on the first wall covers each pressure relief mechanism 65.

[0189] In the above scheme, the protective plate 8 is disposed between the top cover 201 and the first wall. When the protective plate 8 is block-shaped, its projection on the first wall covers each pressure relief mechanism 65. Each block-shaped plate is individually arranged above the corresponding pressure relief mechanism 65, forming a one-to-one protection to precisely defend each pressure relief mechanism 65.

[0190] Optionally, the area of ​​the protective plate is 1-2 times the area of ​​each pressure relief mechanism 65.

[0191] In the above scheme, the block-shaped protective plate 8 provides one-to-one protection for each pressure relief mechanism 65, ensuring precise protection. The area of ​​the block-shaped protective plate 8 is 1-2 times the area of ​​each pressure relief mechanism 65, further enhancing the protective effect of the protective plate 8 on the battery 2.

[0192] Optionally, the protective plate 8 is connected to the top cover 201 by bolts or adhesive.

[0193] There are many ways to connect the protective plate 8 and the top cover 201, as long as they are fixed together, this application does not impose any limitations on this. However, in actual production, choosing a convenient and easy-to-operate connection method is beneficial for its widespread application.

[0194] In the above scheme, bolts or adhesive are used to connect the protective plate 8 and the top cover 201. This connection method is simple to implement, highly operable, and conducive to widespread application in production.

[0195] Optionally, the battery cell 6 is housed within the housing 20, and the first wall is the wall of the battery cell 6 that is close to the bottom wall of the housing 20 and is disposed opposite to the bottom wall.

[0196] When the first wall is the wall where the battery cell 6 is close to and opposite to the bottom wall of the housing 20, the pressure relief mechanism 65 approaches and faces the bottom wall.

[0197] In the above scheme, the protective plate 8 is disposed between the pressure relief mechanism 65 and the bottom wall. When the battery cell 6 experiences thermal runaway and the pressure relief mechanism 65 releases the internal temperature and pressure of the battery cell 6, the protective plate 8 made of polymer matrix composite fiber can block the high temperature and high speed gas-solid mixture released by the pressure relief mechanism 65, protecting the bottom wall of the battery 2 from airflow impact and high temperature melting, thereby protecting the safety of the battery 2.

[0198] Optionally, the protective panel 8 is integrated with the bottom wall.

[0199] The protective plate 8 is integrated with the bottom wall, meaning that the protective plate 8 and the bottom wall can be used together as the bottom wall of the battery 2, or the protective plate 8 can be used alone as the bottom wall of the battery 2.

[0200] In the above scheme, when the protective plate 8 and the bottom wall together serve as the bottom wall of the battery 2, the bottom wall of the battery 2 has a two-layer structure, with the protective plate 8 protecting the bottom wall and thus better protecting the safety of the battery 2. When the protective plate 8 serves as the bottom wall of the battery 2 alone, the protective plate 8 can not only protect the bottom wall of the battery 2 from high temperature and airflow impact, but also simplify the structure of the battery 2 and reduce the production cost of the battery 2.

[0201] When the pressure relief mechanism 65 inside the battery 2 faces only the top cover 201, the protective plate 8 is integrated with the top cover 201 to protect the safety of the battery 2; when the pressure relief mechanism 65 faces only the bottom wall, the protective plate 8 is integrated with the bottom wall to protect the safety of the battery 2. When the pressure relief mechanism 65 inside the battery 2 faces both the top cover 201 and the bottom wall, the protective plate 8 can be installed at both the top cover 201 and the bottom wall. This application does not specifically limit the placement of the protective plate 8 in the battery 2, as long as the pressure relief mechanism 65 of the battery cell 6 in the battery 2 faces the wall and the protective plate 8 is present, that is, the protective plate 8 can be the top cover 201, the bottom wall, and the side wall. In addition, the protective plate 8 can also be a crossbeam in the battery 2. The specific position of the protective plate 8 can be modified according to the arrangement of the battery cells 6 in the battery 2, or it can be placed at any position in the battery 2 according to actual application needs.

[0202] Optionally, the protective plate 8 is disposed between the bottom wall and the first wall.

[0203] The protective plate 8 is disposed between the bottom wall and the first wall, that is, the pressure relief mechanism 65 faces the bottom wall, and the protective plate 8 is disposed between the bottom wall and the pressure relief mechanism 65.

[0204] In the above scheme, the protective plate 8 is placed between the bottom wall and the pressure relief structure 65, with the pressure relief structure 65 facing the top cover 201. In this way, the protective plate 8 can directly protect the bottom wall, so that the bottom wall directly facing the pressure relief structure 65 is protected from the impact of high temperature and airflow, thus ensuring the safety of the battery 2.

[0205] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a protective plate according to another embodiment of this application. Figure 9 As shown in one embodiment of this application, a heat insulation component 67 is provided between the protective plate 8 and the box 20.

[0206] In the above scheme, adding a protective plate 8 between the first wall where the pressure relief mechanism 65 is provided and the housing 20 can protect the battery 2 housing 20 from the impact of high temperature and high speed airflow. Further installing a heat insulation component 67 between the protective plate 8 and the housing 20 can further reduce the temperature of the housing 20 and protect the safety of the battery 2.

[0207] This application embodiment also provides an electrical device, including the battery 2 in the foregoing embodiment, the battery 2 being used to provide electrical energy.

[0208] The following describes embodiments of this application. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they shall be performed in accordance with the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or in accordance with the product manual.

[0209] The protective panels made of fiber-reinforced resin were tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0210] Table 1 Tensile property test results of protective plates of different thicknesses

[0211]

[0212] Although this application has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications can be made thereto and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of this application. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any manner, provided there is no structural conflict. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery, characterized in that, include: A battery cell, wherein a pressure relief mechanism is provided on the first wall of the battery cell; A protective plate is disposed opposite to the pressure relief mechanism, wherein the protective plate includes at least two types of protective sheets, and the at least two types of protective sheets are different polymer matrix composite fiber sheets; Along the direction away from the pressure relief mechanism, the temperature threshold of the at least two types of protective plates decreases.

2. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polymer matrix composite fiber sheet is a fiber-reinforced resin composite sheet.

3. The battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fiber-reinforced resin composite sheet comprises multiple layers of fiber-reinforced resin, which are formed by combining fiber materials and resin materials.

4. The battery according to claim 3, characterized in that, The protective plate includes a first protective plate, a second protective plate, and a third protective plate, which are arranged sequentially away from the pressure relief mechanism.

5. The battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fiber material in the first protective sheet is carbon fiber or quartz fiber.

6. The battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fiber material in the second protective sheet is ceramic fiber or high silica fiber.

7. The battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fiber material in the third protective sheet is glass fiber or pre-ammonia fiber.

8. The battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the multiple fiber-reinforced resin layers in the first protective sheet comprises fibers arranged in two directions.

9. The battery according to claim 8, characterized in that, Each of the multiple fiber-reinforced resin layers in the second and third protective sheets comprises fibers arranged in the same direction, and the different fiber-reinforced resin layers are perpendicular to each other.

10. The battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the multiple fiber-reinforced resin layers of the first protective sheet, the second protective sheet, and the third protective sheet comprises fibers arranged in two directions.

11. The battery according to claim 8 or 10, characterized in that, The two arrangement directions are perpendicular.

12. The battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The thickness ratio of the first protective sheet to the protective plate is in the range of 1:10 to 2:

10.

13. The battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The thickness ratio of the second protective sheet to the protective plate is in the range of 3:10 to 6:

10.

14. The battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The thickness ratio of the third protective sheet to the protective plate is in the range of 2:10 to 5:

10.

15. The battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The thickness ratio of the first protective sheet, the second protective sheet, and the third protective sheet is 2:4:

4.

16. The battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The resin material is a silicone-based aerogel modified resin or a high-temperature resistant flame-retardant resin.

17. The battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The thickness of the fiber material is 6-100 μm.

18. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The thickness of the protective plate is 0.2-5mm.

19. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The battery cell is housed in a housing, and the first wall is the wall of the battery cell that is close to the top cover of the housing and is disposed opposite to the top cover.

20. The battery according to claim 19, characterized in that, The protective plate is integrated with the top cover.

21. The battery according to claim 19, characterized in that, The protective plate is disposed between the top cover and the first wall.

22. The battery according to claim 21, characterized in that, The protective plate is the same size as the top cover.

23. The battery according to claim 21, characterized in that, The size of the protective plate is smaller than that of the top cover.

24. The battery according to claim 21, characterized in that, The protective plate is strip-shaped, and its projection on the first wall covers the pressure relief mechanism.

25. The battery according to claim 24, characterized in that, In the first direction, the length of the protective plate is 1 to 3 times the length of the pressure relief mechanism.

26. The battery according to claim 21, characterized in that, The protective plate is block-shaped, and its projection on the first wall covers each of the pressure relief mechanisms.

27. The battery according to claim 26, characterized in that, The area of ​​the protective plate is 1-2 times the area of ​​each pressure relief mechanism.

28. The battery according to any one of claims 22 to 27, characterized in that, The protective plate is connected to the top cover by bolts or adhesive.

29. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The battery cell is housed in a housing, and the first wall is the wall of the battery cell that is close to the bottom wall of the housing and is disposed opposite to the bottom wall.

30. The battery according to claim 29, characterized in that, The protective plate is integrated with the bottom wall of the box.

31. The battery according to claim 29, characterized in that, The protective plate is disposed between the bottom wall and the first wall.

32. The battery according to claim 21 or 31, characterized in that, A heat insulation component is provided between the protective plate and the box body.

33. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, The battery includes any one of claims 1-32, the battery being used to provide electrical energy.

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