Video evidence preservation methods, devices, equipment and storage media

Abstract

This application relates to the field of information security technology, and provides a video evidence storage method, apparatus, device, and storage medium. The method is applied to a video evidence storage system including a blockchain, edge cloud devices, edge computing nodes, and video acquisition devices. It includes: acquiring video data using the video acquisition device and generating a summary of the video data; sequentially sending the video data and summary information to the edge computing node and edge cloud device to verify the integrity of the video data; if the verification passes, generating transaction information through the edge computing node and broadcasting it to the blockchain for verification; if the blockchain verification passes, storing the transaction information containing the video data. The video evidence storage method provided in this application, based on the acquired raw data and its summary information, performs two rounds of data integrity verification during transmission, ensuring that the data is not tampered with during transmission, guaranteeing the authenticity of the data used for evidence storage, thereby improving the security of the video data evidence storage process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of information security technology, specifically to a video evidence storage method, apparatus, device, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Video data has become an indispensable part of the evidence collection process for security regulatory departments. However, the video data used for evidence preservation is primarily collected and managed by the security departments of the equipment deployment parties. This makes it easy for the deployment parties to tamper with or delete unfavorable video content, leading to the loss of crucial evidence. Considering the large volume and wide distribution of video data used for evidence preservation, centralized management incurs excessive transmission and storage costs. Currently, while the inherent tamper-proof nature of blockchain technology can effectively solve the problem of secure video data storage and ensure its security, the risk of tampering still exists during the collection and preservation process, resulting in insufficient security for video data during evidence preservation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a video evidence storage method, apparatus, device, and storage medium to address the technical problem that existing video evidence storage methods have the risk of being tampered with during the acquisition and storage of video data, resulting in insufficient security during the video data evidence storage process.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a video evidence storage method applied to a video evidence storage system, the video evidence storage system including a blockchain, edge cloud devices, edge computing nodes, and video acquisition devices, the video evidence storage method comprising:

[0005] The video acquisition device is used to acquire video data, and a summary of the video data is generated.

[0006] The video data and the summary information are sent to the edge computing node so that the edge computing node can verify the integrity of the video data based on the summary information;

[0007] If the edge computing node passes the verification, the video data and the summary information are sent to the edge cloud device so that the edge cloud device can verify the integrity of the video data based on the summary information;

[0008] If the edge cloud device passes verification, the edge computing node generates transaction information based on the video data and the summary information.

[0009] The transaction information is broadcast to the blockchain for verification. If the verification is successful in the blockchain, the transaction information is stored as evidence, wherein the transaction information includes the video data.

[0010] In one embodiment, the step of storing the transaction information includes:

[0011] The blockchain is used to extract the attribute information of the transaction from the transaction information, the attribute information is stored in the database table corresponding to the transaction type of the transaction information, and the hash value of the attribute information in the database table is calculated.

[0012] A new transaction is formed based on the hash value and stored in the blockchain to prove the transaction information.

[0013] In one embodiment, the step of extracting transaction attribute information from the transaction information using the blockchain and storing the attribute information in a database table corresponding to the transaction type of the transaction information includes:

[0014] When the target block containing the transaction information in the blockchain reaches the accounting node, the transaction information set corresponding to each transaction type is initialized.

[0015] The transaction information in the target block is traversed through the ledger nodes in the blockchain to verify whether each transaction information is correct.

[0016] If the transaction information is correct, the accounting node extracts the transaction attribute information from the transaction information and generates a transaction record based on the attribute information, which is then added to the transaction information set corresponding to the transaction type of the transaction information, so as to update the initialized transaction information set.

[0017] When all the transaction information sets have been updated, the transaction records in the transaction information sets are updated to the database table corresponding to the target transaction type according to the target transaction type.

[0018] In one embodiment, after the steps of updating the hash value of the database table and constructing a new transaction based on the updated hash value and storing it in the blockchain for notarization, the method further includes:

[0019] When a query request is detected, the corresponding transaction data is obtained from the blockchain according to the query conditions in the query request. The query conditions include basic information of the video data, which includes the time when the video data was generated and the device code of the video acquisition device.

[0020] The summary information in the transaction data is compared with the summary information in the query request. If the summary information in the transaction data is inconsistent with the summary information in the query request, a request to access the original video data is initiated to the edge cloud device.

[0021] Initiate a node signature task based on the access request, and obtain the node signature according to the node signature task;

[0022] When the number of node signatures exceeds a preset threshold, the original video data retrieved from the edge cloud device is returned.

[0023] In one embodiment, the video evidence preservation method further includes:

[0024] When a query request is detected, the first block corresponding to the query request is obtained from the blockchain, and the target database table corresponding to the version number of the first block is determined.

[0025] Based on the transaction number of the transaction type corresponding to the target database, obtain the target transaction information from the first block;

[0026] Determine whether the hash value in the target transaction information is consistent with the hash value in the target database table;

[0027] If there is a discrepancy, a version rollback is performed on the target database table. The block preceding the first block is taken as the first block, and the step of determining the target database table corresponding to the version number of the first block is returned and executed until the hash value in the target transaction information matches the hash value of the database table. Then, transaction information of the same type as the transaction corresponding to the target database table in each block after the first block is updated to the target database table.

[0028] In one embodiment, before the step of acquiring video data using the video acquisition terminal and generating summary information of the video data, the method further includes:

[0029] The video capture terminal is registered to obtain its device code, and transaction information is generated and stored in the blockchain based on the device code.

[0030] The edge computing node monitors the status of the video acquisition terminal. If the video acquisition terminal is in an abnormal state, the edge computing node generates a transaction information about the device abnormality and broadcasts it to the blockchain. If the video acquisition terminal is in a normal state, the edge computing node generates a video data acquisition request.

[0031] The edge computing node is authenticated according to the acquisition request. If the authentication is successful, the acquisition request is responded to and the step of acquiring video data using the video acquisition terminal is executed. If the authentication fails, a prompt message indicating that there is no data acquisition permission is returned.

[0032] In one embodiment, a block in the blockchain includes a block header and a block body, wherein the information stored in the block body includes transaction data in the transaction information, and the information stored in the block header includes the hash value of the previous block and the hash value of the transaction data in the block body, and the transaction data and the hash value are contained in the transaction information.

[0033] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a video evidence storage device, comprising:

[0034] The data acquisition module is used to acquire video data using the video acquisition device and generate summary information of the video data;

[0035] The first verification module is used to send the video data and the summary information to the edge computing node, so that the edge computing node can verify the integrity of the video data based on the summary information;

[0036] The second verification module is used to send the video data and the summary information to the edge cloud device if the edge computing node passes the verification, so that the edge cloud device can verify the integrity of the video data based on the summary information;

[0037] The transaction generation module is used to generate transaction information based on the video data and the summary information by the edge computing node if the edge cloud device passes the verification.

[0038] The notarization module broadcasts the transaction information to the blockchain for verification. If the verification is successful in the blockchain, the transaction information is notarized, wherein the transaction information includes the video data.

[0039] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including a processor and a memory storing a computer program, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the steps of the video evidence preservation method described in the first aspect.

[0040] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the video evidence preservation method described in the first aspect.

[0041] The video evidence storage method, apparatus, device, and storage medium provided in this application collect video data using a video acquisition device and generate a summary of the video data. The video data and summary information are then sequentially sent to edge computing nodes and edge cloud devices. These devices verify the integrity of the video data based on the summary information. If the verification is successful, transaction information is generated based on the video data and summary information and broadcast to the blockchain for verification. If the verification is successful in the blockchain, the transaction information containing the video data is stored as evidence. By performing two rounds of integrity verification on the video data during transmission based on the collected original video data and its summary information, the consistency of the video data collected by the video acquisition device during transmission is ensured. This consistency during transmission ensures that the collected original video data has not been tampered with during the evidence storage process, guaranteeing the authenticity of the video data used for evidence storage and thus improving the security of the video data evidence storage process. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 This is one of the flowcharts illustrating the video evidence preservation method provided in this application embodiment;

[0044] Figure 2 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the video evidence storage system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 3 This is one of the block structure diagrams in the video evidence preservation method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 4 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the video evidence storage device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] Figure 1 This is one of the flowcharts illustrating the video evidence preservation method provided in this application. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The video evidence preservation method provided in this application embodiment may include:

[0050] Step 100: Use the video acquisition device to acquire video data and generate summary information of the video data;

[0051] The video evidence storage method provided in this application is applied to a video evidence storage system, which includes a blockchain, edge cloud devices, edge computing nodes, and video acquisition devices, as described above. Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is one of the structural diagrams of the video evidence storage system provided in this embodiment. Figure 2 The video evidence storage system (hereinafter referred to as the system) includes several video acquisition devices and multiple edge computing nodes. Each edge computing node is connected to one or more video acquisition devices. Each edge computing node is connected and interacts with an edge cloud device and a blockchain. The blockchain includes multiple interactive block nodes. The edge cloud device interacts with the blockchain to realize the storage, evidence storage, and retrieval of video data. The video evidence storage system provided in this embodiment adopts the following... Figure 2 The illustrated topology is adaptable to the dispersed nature of video data. The video capture device primarily collects video data and stores it locally. Edge computing nodes utilize deployed smart contracts to retrieve and cache the video data collected by the capture device, while simultaneously uploading the data to an edge cloud device. The edge cloud device stores video data uploaded from multiple edge computing nodes, and users can only access the data in the edge cloud device through smart contracts. The blockchain stores summaries of the video data, deployed smart contracts, and the execution results of those smart contracts. Figure 2 In the system shown, the number of edge computing nodes, blockchain nodes, and video acquisition devices are all variable, and the specific number can be set according to actual needs.

[0052] The security of video data during the acquisition process is the foundation of video evidence preservation. Only when the acquired data is authentic and reliable can subsequent evidence collection be reliable. Figure 2The system architecture shown in this application illustrates that the video evidence storage method provided in this embodiment can improve the security of video data acquisition and storage processes. Specifically, the system utilizes various video acquisition devices to acquire video data for evidence storage and generates digest information of the video data. The digest information of the video data is generated according to a preset algorithm, which includes the cryptographically based SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm). The following explanation uses the SHA-256 algorithm to generate video data digest information as an example.

[0053] Step 200: Send the video data and the summary information to the edge computing node so that the edge computing node can verify the integrity of the video data based on the summary information;

[0054] The video data collected by the video capture device, along with its summary information, is sent to the corresponding edge computing node. The edge computing node receives and caches the video data and summary information, and then verifies the integrity of the video data. Specifically, it uses the same algorithm as the one used to generate the summary information—the SHA-256 algorithm—to regenerate the video data summary. The newly generated summary is then compared with the received summary to confirm consistency. If they match, the video data is complete, and the integrity verification passes; otherwise, it is incomplete, and the integrity verification fails. If the integrity verification fails, a video data acquisition request is initiated to the upstream node (the video capture device) to trigger a command to re-upload the video data and summary information for that time period. The integrity of the video data is then re-verified based on the received summary information until it passes. Verifying the integrity of the video data essentially verifies its authenticity, detecting whether it has been tampered with or deleted, to ensure that the video data received by the edge computing node is the original, collected video data.

[0055] Step 300: If the edge computing node passes the verification, the video data and the summary information are sent to the edge cloud device so that the edge cloud device can verify the integrity of the video data based on the summary information.

[0056] Step 400: If the edge cloud device passes verification, the edge computing node generates transaction information based on the video data and the summary information.

[0057] Step 500: Broadcast the transaction information to the blockchain for verification. If the verification is successful in the blockchain, store the transaction information, which includes the video data.

[0058] If the edge computing node successfully verifies the integrity of the video data, it sends the video data and summary information to the edge cloud device. The edge cloud device receives the video data and summary information and verifies the integrity of the video data again. Specifically, the contract deployed in the edge cloud device verifies the integrity of the video data based on the received video data and summary information. The verification method can be the same as that of the edge computing node, and will not be elaborated here. If the edge cloud device verifies successfully, it saves the video data and summary information to the edge cloud device. Based on the video data and summary information cached in the edge computing node, the edge computing node generates transaction information and broadcasts the transaction information to the blockchain for verification. The verification in the blockchain includes verifying the integrity of the video data received by the blockchain, and verifying the consistency between the video data collected by the video capture device, the video data cached in the edge computing node, the video data saved in the edge cloud device, and the transaction data in the transaction information, based on the received transaction information. This ensures the authenticity of the transaction data used for evidence storage in the blockchain, i.e., the video data. If the blockchain verification is successful, the transaction information of the video data will be stored in the block for on-chain preservation, and the transaction information containing the video data will be notarized, thereby completing the notarization of the video data, where the video data is the transaction data in the transaction information.

[0059] In this embodiment, video data is acquired using a video capture device, and a summary of the video data is generated. The video data and summary are then sequentially sent to edge computing nodes and edge cloud devices. These nodes and devices verify the integrity of the video data based on the summary. If verification is successful, transaction information is generated based on the video data and summary and broadcast to the blockchain for verification. If verification on the blockchain is successful, the transaction information containing the video data is stored as evidence. Based on the acquired original video data and its summary, two rounds of integrity verification are performed during transmission, ensuring the consistency of the original video data acquired by the video capture device during transmission. This ensures the consistency between the video data acquired by the video capture device, the video data cached by the edge computing nodes, and the video data in the edge cloud devices. This consistency during transmission guarantees that the acquired original video data has not been tampered with during transmission, ensuring the consistency between the video data used for evidence storage and the acquired original video data, thus guaranteeing the authenticity of the video data used for evidence storage and improving the security of the video data during the evidence storage process.

[0060] Furthermore, before step 100, the following may also be included:

[0061] Step 001: Register the video acquisition terminal to obtain the device code of the video acquisition terminal, and generate transaction information based on the device code and store it in the blockchain;

[0062] Step 002: Monitor the status of the video acquisition terminal through the edge computing node. If the video acquisition terminal is in an abnormal state, generate transaction information about the device abnormality using the edge computing node and broadcast it to the blockchain. If the video acquisition terminal is in a normal state, generate a video data acquisition request based on the edge computing node.

[0063] Step 003: Authenticate the edge computing node according to the acquisition request. If the authentication is successful, respond to the acquisition request and execute the step of acquiring video data using the video acquisition terminal. If the authentication fails, return a prompt message indicating no data acquisition permission.

[0064] When video capture devices connect to the system, they need to register. Upon successful registration, a unique device code is obtained. Based on this device code and other information about the video capture device, transaction information is generated and stored in the blockchain. When each video capture device connects to the system, all information about the video capture device is combined into a single transaction and stored in the blockchain to ensure the legitimacy of the video data source.

[0065] The status of video capture devices is monitored by edge computing nodes. If the status of the video capture device is abnormal, the abnormal information is broadcast to the blockchain as a transaction for storage. If the video capture device is normal, a video data capture request is generated according to the smart contract deployed in the edge computing node. The edge computing node is authenticated based on this capture request. If authentication fails, a message indicating no data capture permission is returned, such as "Identity abnormal, no data capture permission." If authentication succeeds, the data capture request is responded to, and video data is captured. Specifically, according to the time set by the contract in the edge computing node, video data is captured through the video capture device, and a summary information is generated. The captured video data and generated summary information are sent to the edge computing node for caching and verification at preset intervals. If the edge computing node or edge cloud device fails to verify the integrity of the video data, the video data capture request is re-initiated through the edge computing node, and the video capture device re-uploads the video data and summary information. Using smart contracts to automatically capture video data reduces human intervention and ensures the security of video data during capture and backup to edge cloud devices.

[0066] Furthermore, to clarify the identities of participants, taking a consortium blockchain as the underlying blockchain of the video evidence storage system as an example, the blockchain is primarily responsible for sorting, packaging, verifying, and uploading transaction information such as device information, video data, and smart contract execution results uploaded by edge computing nodes. After broadcasting the transaction information of video data and summary information to the blockchain, the blockchain needs to verify the transaction information. This verification process is the transaction processing flow of the consortium blockchain and will not be elaborated here. If the blockchain transaction verification passes, it indicates that the video data evidence storage is successful, and the cached video data and summary information that have passed transaction verification in the edge computing node are deleted; if the blockchain transaction verification fails, the video data acquisition request is re-initiated through the edge computing node.

[0067] Furthermore, in this embodiment, each video acquisition device is registered and its status is monitored through edge computing nodes, and the information and abnormal status of each video acquisition device are broadcast to the blockchain, ensuring the legitimacy of the video data source, improving the security of video data during the acquisition process, and guaranteeing the authenticity and security of video data from the source.

[0068] In one embodiment, step 500, which involves storing the video data, specifically includes:

[0069] Step 501: Use the blockchain to extract the attribute information of the transaction from the transaction information, store the attribute information in the database table corresponding to the transaction type of the transaction information, and update the hash value of the database table;

[0070] Step 502: Based on the hash value, a new transaction is formed and stored in the blockchain to prove the transaction information.

[0071] When storing video data, the system uses edge computing nodes to generate corresponding transaction information based on the video data and summary information. This transaction information is then sent to the blockchain for verification. If the blockchain verification is successful, the transaction information is uploaded to the blockchain and saved in a block. The blockchain is used to extract the transaction's attribute information, which is then stored in the corresponding database table. The hash value of the attribute information in the database table is calculated and stored in the blockchain to store the video data. Specifically, the corresponding database table is determined based on the transaction type of the video data; different types of transaction information correspond to different database tables. The attribute information extracted from the transaction information is stored in the corresponding database table, and the hash value of the stored attribute information in the database table is calculated. The hash value of the database table is updated based on the calculated hash value, and new transaction information is generated based on the updated hash value and stored in the blockchain, thus completing the storage of the transaction information.

[0072] As is known, blockchain is an append-only chain structure. When querying data, it is necessary to replay the transaction information starting from the latest block, which greatly reduces the efficiency of the query. Furthermore, it does not support complex queries such as range queries or join queries. In the video evidence preservation method provided in this application, different types of relational database tables are designed according to different transaction types. Attribute extraction methods are used to extract the attribute information of the transaction information and store it in the corresponding tables. Based on the characteristics of transaction information stored in the blockchain, a relational database is used to store the transaction information, which not only improves query efficiency but also supports complex query methods, facilitating subsequent video data query and evidence collection.

[0073] Furthermore, based on the characteristics of video data, the block structure of the consortium blockchain was improved, referring to... Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is one of the block structure diagrams of the video evidence preservation method provided in this embodiment. Figure 3 In a blockchain, the block structure includes a block header and a block body. The block header primarily stores the hash value of the previous block, the hash value of the transaction data within the block body, the version number, and the timestamp. The block body primarily stores the transaction data. Figure 3 The transaction data in the block structure shown is organized using a Merkle tree for easy verification of subsequent transactions. The hash value of the transaction data stored in the block header within the block body is the hash value of the Merkle tree root. The transaction data and its hash value within the block body are contained within the transaction information—that is, the information stored in the block header and block body—forming the transaction information stored in the blockchain to achieve notarization of video data. The transaction data includes attribute information for different transaction types. Transaction types mainly include video data, device information, anomaly information, and table information. Transaction types of video data are primarily used for notarizing video data; transactions of device information are primarily used for registering video capture devices and storing device information; transactions of anomaly information are primarily used to store information about video capture devices broadcasting anomalies by edge computing nodes; and transactions of table information are primarily used to store information about the relational database tables corresponding to each transaction type. Figure 3The document provides attribute fields for some transaction types. For video data transactions, the attributes mainly include the transaction number, the device ID and location for collecting the video data, the start and end times of video data collection, a video summary, and a timestamp. For device information transactions, the attributes mainly include the transaction number, device ID and location, device registration time, and device type. The transaction number, also known as the transaction ID, is a string of characters calculated based on at least one of the transaction's size, time, and type, serving as a unique and immutable identity verification (ID) for each transaction, distinguishing different transactions. For anomaly information transactions, the attributes mainly include the transaction number, the device ID indicating the anomaly, the anomaly type, the anomaly time, and the recovery time. For table information transactions, the attributes mainly include the transaction number, table name, table summary, anomaly time, and recovery time. It is understood that other transaction types may also be included. The attribute information for each transaction type is configurable, allowing users to set the transaction types, attribute fields, and structure within the block according to their actual business needs.

[0074] Further, in step 501, the blockchain is used to extract transaction attribute information from the transaction information of the video data, and the extracted attribute information is stored in the database table corresponding to the transaction type of the transaction information, specifically including:

[0075] Step 5011: When the target block containing the transaction information in the blockchain reaches the accounting node, initialize the transaction information set corresponding to each transaction type;

[0076] Step 5012: Traverse each transaction in the target block through the ledger nodes in the blockchain to verify whether each transaction is correct.

[0077] Step 5013: If the transaction information is correct, use the accounting node to extract the transaction attribute information from the transaction information, and generate transaction records based on the attribute information and add them to the transaction information set corresponding to the transaction type of the transaction information, so as to update the initialized transaction information set.

[0078] Step 5014: When all the transaction information sets have been updated, the transaction records in the transaction information sets are updated to the database table corresponding to the target transaction type according to the target transaction type.

[0079] According to the transaction processing flow in the consortium blockchain, when a new block arrives at the ledger node, all transaction information in the block is verified before updating the ledger. During this process, the ledger node iterates through all transaction information in the block and writes verified transaction information into the ledger for storage. Specifically, when the target block containing the transaction information for video data requiring notarization arrives at the ledger node, the transaction information set corresponding to each transaction type is initialized. This transaction information set includes video data sets, device information sets, and anomaly information sets, etc. Taking the initialization of video data set A, device information set B, and anomaly information set C as an example, each transaction in the target block is iterated through to verify the correctness of the transaction information, including the transaction information for the video data to be notarized. If the transaction information is incorrect, the corresponding transaction is marked as an invalid transaction. If the transaction information is correct, the transaction verification is passed. For transactions that pass verification, attribute information is extracted from their transaction information to form a transaction record, which is added to the corresponding transaction information set to update the initialized transaction information sets. Once all transaction information sets have been updated, the transaction record data in each transaction information set is updated to the corresponding database table. The updated hash values ​​of each database table are recalculated, and a new transaction is formed and broadcast to the blockchain. The transaction processing flow of the consortium blockchain is then executed for notarization.

[0080] As is known, a block typically contains multiple transactions. In a video evidence storage system, a block may contain transaction information for different types of transactions, such as video data, device information, anomaly information, and table information. Figure 3 Taking the transaction data shown as an example, when the target block containing the video data to be notified reaches the accounting node, the transaction information sets corresponding to different transaction types, such as video information set A, device information set B, and abnormal information set C, are initialized. All transactions in the target block are traversed one by one to verify the correctness of each transaction's information. When verifying and extracting attributes from transactions in the target block, one can first verify the transaction information of all transactions, and then for transactions that pass verification, extract the attribute information from each transaction to generate transaction records and update them to the corresponding transaction information set. Alternatively, one can traverse and verify the transaction information of each transaction one by one. Specifically, a transaction is obtained through traversal, and the current transaction is verified. If the verification fails, the current transaction is marked as an invalid transaction, and the next transaction is obtained for verification. If the verification passes, the attribute information is extracted from the current transaction's transaction information to generate a transaction record, which is added to the transaction information set corresponding to that transaction. Then, the next transaction is obtained for verification. No specific limitations are imposed here.

[0081] When extracting attribute information from transaction information, the first step is to determine the fields of attribute information to be extracted based on the transaction type in the transaction data. Taking video data to be certified as an example, if the value of the transaction type field x in its transaction information is "video data", then its transaction type can be determined to be a video data transaction. Figure 3 The transaction data shown requires the extraction of attribute information from fields including transaction number, device number, device location, start time, end time, video summary, and timestamp. Information from these fields is extracted to obtain attribute information. This extracted attribute information is then used to form a transaction record t, which is added to the transaction information set corresponding to x, i.e., video data set A. Video data set A is then updated. Following this method, the transaction information of each transaction in the target block containing the video data to be notified is updated one by one to the corresponding sets A, B, or C. Once sets A, B, and C are all updated, the data in sets A, B, and C are updated to the corresponding database tables. For example, the data in video data set A is updated to the video data database table, and the transaction type corresponding to this video data database table is video data transaction. Then, the hash values ​​of each updated database table are recalculated. Based on the newly generated hash values ​​of each database table, a new transaction y is formed and broadcast to the blockchain for notarization. The transaction type of transaction y is table information transaction. The sign that each transaction information set has been updated can be either that each transaction in the target block has been processed, or that the amount of data in the transaction information set has reached a set threshold. When updating the data in each transaction information set to the corresponding database table, it can be a synchronous update or an asynchronous update, and there is no limitation on this.

[0082] By processing the data on the blockchain and storing it back in a database table, data can be queried directly using the API (Application Programming Interface) provided by the relational database, greatly improving the speed of data retrieval.

[0083] In this embodiment, based on the improved block structure, the transaction information is attribute extracted and re-stored in the relational database table. By processing the data on the blockchain and re-storing it in the database table, the data query speed is improved.

[0084] In one embodiment, if the video data provided by the deployer of the video capture equipment fails blockchain verification, the security regulatory agency can access the raw video data stored in the edge cloud device. When accessing the raw video data in the edge cloud device, the security regulatory agency can obtain the raw video data via a smart contract, and its access record will also be stored in the blockchain. Based on this, after step 502, the following is also included:

[0085] Step 510: When a query request is detected, obtain the corresponding transaction data from the blockchain according to the query conditions in the query request, wherein the query conditions include basic information of the video data, and the basic information includes the time of video data generation and the device code of the video acquisition device.

[0086] Step 520: Compare the summary information in the transaction data with the summary information in the query request. If the summary information in the transaction data is inconsistent with the summary information in the query request, then initiate a request to the edge cloud device to access the original video data.

[0087] Step 530: Initiate a node signature task based on the access request, and obtain the node signature according to the node signature task;

[0088] Step 540: When the number of node signatures exceeds a preset threshold, return the original video data retrieved from the edge cloud device.

[0089] When a user obtains basic and summary information of a video segment, they can use this basic information as query criteria to initiate a query request to the blockchain. Upon detecting the query request, the corresponding transaction data is retrieved from the blockchain based on the query criteria in the request. The query criteria include at least one of the following: the basic information of the video data, which includes the video data's generation time and the device code of the video capture device used to collect the video data.

[0090] The system compares the summary information of the video data from the acquired transaction data with the summary information of the video data in the query conditions. If they match, the authenticity verification of the video data passes, indicating that the video data obtained by the user is genuine, and the verification ends. If the summary information of the video data in the transaction data does not match the summary information of the video data in the query conditions, it indicates that the video data obtained by the user is not genuine and is forged. At this time, a request to access the original video data is initiated to the edge cloud device based on the deployed smart contract. Based on this request and the smart contract deployed in the edge cloud device, a task of randomly collecting node signatures is initiated. The system waits for a set time. If the number of node signatures obtained within the set waiting time exceeds a preset threshold, the original video data obtained from the edge cloud device is returned to the user. The smart contract is a video evidence storage and video authenticity verification contract designed for video evidence storage needs. The smart contract, in the form of code, can automatically execute tasks, reducing human interference and ensuring the privacy and security of video data.

[0091] Furthermore, considering the potential for data tampering in relational databases, a verification mechanism is implemented for the data in the database tables. Specifically, after processing each newly generated block, the updated database table generates a hash value to form a new transaction, which is then stored on the blockchain. Therefore, before data querying, it can be verified whether the hash value of the database table stored in the blockchain node matches the hash value in the blockchain. If they match, the data in the database table is authentic and reliable, and can be directly used for querying; if they do not match, the database table needs to be updated. Existing video evidence preservation methods can only check whether video data has been tampered with. However, for tampered video data, it is difficult to obtain the original video data before the tampering, thus making evidence collection difficult. Based on this, the video evidence preservation method provided in this application adopts a rollback mechanism. When verifying and updating the database table, the tampered or deleted video data is rolled back using a version rollback method, allowing for rapid recovery of the data in the database table in the event of data tampering. The steps for verifying and recovering the database table specifically include:

[0092] Step 601: When a query request is detected, obtain the first block corresponding to the query request from the blockchain, and determine the target database table corresponding to the version number of the first block;

[0093] Step 602: Obtain target transaction information from the first block according to the transaction number of the transaction type corresponding to the target database;

[0094] Step 603: Determine whether the hash value in the target transaction information is consistent with the hash value of the target database table;

[0095] Step 604: If there is a discrepancy, roll back the target database table and the first block, take the block preceding the first block as the first block, return and execute the step of determining the target database table corresponding to the version number of the first block, until the hash value in the target transaction information is consistent with the hash value of the target database table, then update the target database table with transaction information of the same type as the transaction corresponding to the target database table in each block after the first block.

[0096] When a user needs to query video data, the process first involves blockchain verification. The first block corresponding to the user's query request is retrieved from the blockchain, along with its version number 'n' and the target database table. Each new block generates a new version number, and after processing the newly generated block and updating the database tables, the database table version numbers are also updated. Therefore, the updated version number of the database table based on the newly generated block is consistent with the version number of the new block. Next, based on the transaction number of the transaction type corresponding to the target database, the target transaction information under that transaction number is retrieved from the first block. The transaction type of this target transaction information corresponds to the target database table. The transaction number of the transaction information is determined by the transaction type; different types of transaction information have different transaction numbers, while transaction information of the same type has the same transaction number. Finally, the hash value stored in the retrieved target transaction information is compared with the hash value of the target database table. If they match, the data in the target database table is authentic. If they do not match, a rollback mechanism is needed to reconstruct the data in the target database table to restore the authentic data. Specifically, the block preceding the first block is used as the first block. The version number of this first block and the corresponding target database table are retrieved. Retrieving the target database table corresponding to the version number actually involves retrieving target database tables under different versions. Version rollback is then performed on the target database table until the hash value in the target database table matches the hash value in the transaction information of the first block. At this point, the transaction information from all blocks preceding the first block is updated in the target database table. This allows for rapid recovery of the data in the database table even if it has been tampered with, by reconstructing the data in the database table, and then re-querying.

[0097] Taking updating a database table 'a' as an example, this section details the process of restoring tampered data in the database table using a rollback mechanism. Based on the detected query request, the version number stored in the first block currently used for verification in the blockchain is n (n is a positive integer greater than 0). The version number stored in the first block is generally the same as the block height of the first block. Therefore, each time a new block is generated, the block height of the newly generated block determines its stored version number, and the version number of the corresponding database table will change. Correspondingly, the version number of table 'a' is also n. Based on the transaction number of the transaction type corresponding to table 'a', the target transaction information of each transaction under that transaction number is obtained from the first block. Then, the hash value in the target transaction information is compared with the hash value of table a. If they do not match, table a is rolled back to version n-1. The block preceding the first block (i.e., the block with height n-1) is taken as the first block, and the hash value of table a in version n-1 is compared with the hash value of the first block with height n-1. If they match, the rollback stops, and only the transaction information in block n with the same transaction type as table a is updated to table a. If they do not match, the rollback continues to version n-2 of table a for hash value comparison until the hash value of table a in a certain version p matches the hash value stored in the block with height p. Then the rollback stops, and the transaction information in each block after block p with the same transaction type as table a is updated to table a, completing the reconstruction of the tampered data in table a and realizing the recovery of the data in table a.

[0098] In this embodiment, based on the deployed smart contract, data in the database table is queried to verify the authenticity of the video data obtained by the user. If the verification fails, that is, if the video data obtained by the user is fake data, the original video data retrieved from the edge cloud device is returned to the user, thus ensuring the authenticity of the video data obtained by the user.

[0099] Furthermore, before performing data queries, the data in the database table is verified based on the data stored in the blockchain to prevent the data in the database table from being tampered with. When the data in the database table is tampered with, the data in the database table is reconstructed through a version rollback mechanism to ensure the authenticity of the data in the database table.

[0100] Based on the above embodiments, the video evidence preservation method provided in this application combines blockchain and edge computing to solve the problems existing in existing video evidence preservation methods. Specifically, it ensures complete consistency of video data stored in the video acquisition device terminal, edge computing node, and edge cloud device through a two-round verification process, thereby improving the processing efficiency of video data using edge computing. It utilizes a relational database to re-store transaction data, accelerating the query speed on the blockchain and supporting more query types. Furthermore, in the event of data tampering in the database table, a version rollback mechanism is used to reconstruct the data in the database table, quickly restoring the database table. The authenticity of the data obtained by the user is verified based on the blockchain. If the verification fails, i.e., the video data has been tampered with or deleted, the original video data is retrieved from the edge cloud device, ensuring the authenticity of the video data obtained by the user and improving the security of evidence collection. The key parts of the entire video evidence preservation process are implemented based on deployed smart contracts, reducing interference from human factors and ensuring the security of video data acquisition, preservation, and evidence collection.

[0101] The video evidence storage device provided in the embodiments of this application is described below. The video evidence storage device described below can be referred to in correspondence with the video evidence storage method described above.

[0102] Reference Figure 4 The video evidence storage device provided in this application includes:

[0103] The data acquisition module 10 is used to acquire video data using the video acquisition device and generate summary information of the video data;

[0104] The first verification module 20 is used to send the video data and the summary information to the edge computing node so that the edge computing node can verify the integrity of the video data based on the summary information;

[0105] The second verification module 30 is used to send the video data and the summary information to the edge cloud device if the edge computing node passes the verification, so that the edge cloud device can verify the integrity of the video data based on the summary information;

[0106] Transaction generation module 40 is used to generate transaction information based on the video data and the summary information by the edge computing node if the edge cloud device passes the verification.

[0107] The evidence storage module 50 is used to broadcast the transaction information to the blockchain for verification. If the verification is successful in the blockchain, the transaction information is stored as evidence, wherein the transaction information includes the video data.

[0108] In one embodiment, the evidence storage module 50 is further configured to:

[0109] The blockchain is used to extract the attribute information of the transaction from the transaction information, the attribute information is stored in the database table corresponding to the transaction type of the transaction information, and the hash value of the attribute information in the database table is calculated.

[0110] A new transaction is formed based on the hash value and stored in the blockchain to prove the transaction information.

[0111] In one embodiment, the evidence storage module 50 is further configured to:

[0112] When the target block containing the transaction information in the blockchain reaches the accounting node, the transaction information set corresponding to each transaction type is initialized.

[0113] The transaction information in the target block is traversed through the ledger nodes in the blockchain to verify whether each transaction information is correct.

[0114] If the transaction information is correct, the accounting node extracts the transaction attribute information from the transaction information and generates a transaction record based on the attribute information, which is then added to the transaction information set corresponding to the transaction type of the transaction information, so as to update the initialized transaction information set.

[0115] When all the transaction information sets have been updated, the transaction records in the transaction information sets are updated to the database table corresponding to the target transaction type according to the target transaction type.

[0116] In one embodiment, the video evidence storage device further includes a query and evidence retrieval module, used for:

[0117] When a query request is detected, the corresponding transaction data is obtained from the blockchain according to the query conditions in the query request. The query conditions include basic information of the video data, which includes the time when the video data was generated and the device code of the video acquisition device.

[0118] The summary information in the transaction data is compared with the summary information in the query request. If the summary information in the transaction data is inconsistent with the summary information in the query request, a request to access the original video data is initiated to the edge cloud device.

[0119] Initiate a node signature task based on the access request, and obtain the node signature according to the node signature task;

[0120] When the number of node signatures exceeds a preset threshold, the original video data retrieved from the edge cloud device is returned.

[0121] In one embodiment, the video evidence storage device further includes a data reconstruction module, used for:

[0122] When a query request is detected, the first block corresponding to the query request is obtained from the blockchain, and the target database table corresponding to the version number of the first block is determined.

[0123] Based on the transaction number of the transaction type corresponding to the target database, obtain the target transaction information from the first block;

[0124] Determine whether the hash value in the target transaction information is consistent with the hash value in the target database table;

[0125] If there is a discrepancy, a version rollback is performed on the target database table. The block preceding the first block is taken as the first block, and the step of determining the target database table corresponding to the version number of the first block is returned and executed until the hash value in the target transaction information matches the hash value of the database table. Then, transaction information of the same type as the transaction corresponding to the target database table in each block after the first block is updated to the target database table.

[0126] In one embodiment, the video evidence storage device further includes an identity authentication module, used for:

[0127] The video capture terminal is registered to obtain its device code, and transaction information is generated and stored in the blockchain based on the device code.

[0128] The edge computing node monitors the status of the video acquisition terminal. If the video acquisition terminal is in an abnormal state, the edge computing node generates a transaction information about the device abnormality and broadcasts it to the blockchain. If the video acquisition terminal is in a normal state, the edge computing node generates a video data acquisition request.

[0129] The edge computing node is authenticated according to the acquisition request. If the authentication is successful, the acquisition request is responded to and the step of acquiring video data using the video acquisition terminal is executed. If the authentication fails, a prompt message indicating that there is no data acquisition permission is returned.

[0130] In one embodiment, a block in the blockchain includes a block header and a block body, wherein the information stored in the block body includes transaction data in the transaction information, and the information stored in the block header includes the hash value of the previous block and the hash value of the transaction data in the block body, and the transaction data and the hash value are contained in the transaction information.

[0131] Figure 5Example: A schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 510, a communication interface 520, a memory 530, and a communication bus 540, wherein the processor 510, the communication interface 520, and the memory 530 communicate with each other via the communication bus 540. The processor 510 can call a computer program in the memory 530 to execute the steps of the video evidence preservation method, such as including:

[0132] The video acquisition device is used to acquire video data, and a summary of the video data is generated.

[0133] The video data and the summary information are sent to the edge computing node so that the edge computing node can verify the integrity of the video data based on the summary information;

[0134] If the edge computing node passes the verification, it sends the video data and the summary information to the edge cloud device so that the edge cloud device can verify the integrity of the video data based on the summary information.

[0135] If the edge cloud device passes verification, the edge computing node generates transaction information based on the video data and the summary information.

[0136] The transaction information is broadcast to the blockchain for verification. If the verification is successful in the blockchain, the transaction information is stored as evidence, wherein the transaction information includes the video data.

[0137] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 530 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0138] On the other hand, this application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can perform the steps of the video evidence preservation methods provided in the above embodiments, such as:

[0139] The video acquisition device is used to acquire video data, and a summary of the video data is generated.

[0140] The video data and the summary information are sent to the edge computing node so that the edge computing node can verify the integrity of the video data based on the summary information;

[0141] If the edge computing node passes the verification, it sends the video data and the summary information to the edge cloud device so that the edge cloud device can verify the integrity of the video data based on the summary information.

[0142] If the edge cloud device passes verification, the edge computing node generates transaction information based on the video data and the summary information.

[0143] The transaction information is broadcast to the blockchain for verification. If the verification is successful in the blockchain, the transaction information is stored as evidence, wherein the transaction information includes the video data.

[0144] On the other hand, embodiments of this application also provide a processor-readable storage medium storing a computer program for causing a processor to perform the steps of the methods provided in the above embodiments, such as including:

[0145] The video acquisition device is used to acquire video data, and a summary of the video data is generated.

[0146] The video data and the summary information are sent to the edge computing node so that the edge computing node can verify the integrity of the video data based on the summary information;

[0147] If the edge computing node passes the verification, it sends the video data and the summary information to the edge cloud device so that the edge cloud device can verify the integrity of the video data based on the summary information.

[0148] If the edge cloud device passes verification, the edge computing node generates transaction information based on the video data and the summary information.

[0149] The transaction information is broadcast to the blockchain for verification. If the verification is successful in the blockchain, the transaction information is stored as evidence, wherein the transaction information includes the video data.

[0150] The processor-readable storage medium can be any available medium or data storage device that the processor can access, including but not limited to magnetic memory (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, magneto-optical disk (MO)), optical memory (e.g., CD, DVD, BD, HVD), and semiconductor memory (e.g., ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, non-volatile memory (NAND FLASH), solid-state drive (SSD)).

[0151] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0152] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0153] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A video evidence preservation method, applied to a video evidence preservation system, characterized in that, The video evidence storage system includes a blockchain, edge cloud devices, edge computing nodes, and video acquisition devices. The video evidence storage method includes the following steps: The video acquisition device is used to acquire video data, and a summary of the video data is generated. The video data and the summary information are sent to the edge computing node so that the edge computing node can verify the integrity of the video data based on the summary information; If the edge computing node passes the verification, it sends the video data and the summary information to the edge cloud device so that the edge cloud device can verify the integrity of the video data based on the summary information. If the edge cloud device passes verification, the edge computing node generates transaction information based on the video data and the summary information. The transaction information is broadcast to the blockchain for verification. If the verification is successful in the blockchain, the transaction information is stored as evidence, wherein the transaction information includes the video data. The step of storing the transaction information includes: The blockchain is used to extract the attribute information of the transaction from the transaction information, and the attribute information is stored in the database table corresponding to the transaction type of the transaction information. Data is queried according to the API interface provided by the relational database, and the hash value of the attribute information in the database table is calculated. A new transaction is formed based on the hash value and stored in the blockchain to prove the transaction information. Before data querying, the hash value of the database table stored in the blockchain node is verified to be consistent with the hash value in the blockchain.

2. The video evidence preservation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of extracting transaction attribute information from the transaction information using the blockchain and storing the attribute information in a database table corresponding to the transaction type of the transaction information includes: When the target block containing the transaction information in the blockchain reaches the accounting node, the transaction information set corresponding to each transaction type is initialized. The transaction information in the target block is traversed through the ledger nodes in the blockchain to verify whether each transaction information is correct. If the transaction information is correct, the accounting node extracts the transaction attribute information from the transaction information and generates a transaction record based on the attribute information, which is then added to the transaction information set corresponding to the transaction type of the transaction information, so as to update the initialized transaction information set. When all the transaction information sets have been updated, the transaction records in the transaction information sets are updated to the database table corresponding to the target transaction type according to the target transaction type.

3. The video evidence preservation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the step of forming a new transaction based on the hash value and storing it in the blockchain to prove the video data, the method further includes: When a query request is detected, the corresponding transaction data is obtained from the blockchain according to the query conditions in the query request. The query conditions include basic information of the video data, which includes the time of video data generation and the device code of the video acquisition device. The summary information in the transaction data is compared with the summary information in the query request. If the summary information in the transaction data is inconsistent with the summary information in the query request, a request to access the original video data is initiated to the edge cloud device. Initiate a node signature task based on the access request, and obtain the node signature according to the node signature task; When the number of node signatures exceeds a preset threshold, the original video data retrieved from the edge cloud device is returned.

4. The video evidence preservation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The video evidence preservation method also includes: When a query request is detected, the first block corresponding to the query request is obtained from the blockchain, and the target database table corresponding to the version number of the first block is determined. Based on the transaction number of the transaction type corresponding to the target database table, obtain the target transaction information from the first block; Determine whether the hash value in the target transaction information matches the hash value in the target database table; If there is a discrepancy, a version rollback is performed on the target database table. The block preceding the first block is taken as the first block, and the step of determining the target database table corresponding to the version number of the first block is returned and executed until the hash value in the target transaction information matches the hash value of the database table. Then, transaction information of the same type as the transaction corresponding to the target database table in each block after the first block is updated to the target database table.

5. The video evidence preservation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before the step of acquiring video data using the video acquisition device and generating summary information of the video data, the method further includes: The video capture device is registered to obtain its device code, and transaction information is generated and stored in the blockchain based on the device code. The edge computing node monitors the status of the video acquisition device. If the video acquisition device is in an abnormal state, the edge computing node generates transaction information about the device abnormality and broadcasts it to the blockchain. If the video acquisition device is in a normal state, the edge computing node generates a video data acquisition request. The edge computing node is authenticated according to the acquisition request. If the authentication is successful, the node responds to the acquisition request and executes the step of acquiring video data using the video acquisition device. If the authentication fails, a message indicating that the node does not have data acquisition permission is returned.

6. The video evidence preservation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, A block in the blockchain includes a block header and a block body. The information stored in the block body includes transaction data from the transaction information. The information stored in the block header includes the hash value of the previous block and the hash value of the transaction data in the block body. The transaction data and the hash value are contained within the transaction information.

7. A video evidence storage device, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to acquire video data using video acquisition equipment and generate summary information of the video data; The first verification module is used to send the video data and the summary information to the edge computing node so that the edge computing node can verify the integrity of the video data based on the summary information. The second verification module is used to send the video data and the summary information to the edge cloud device if the edge computing node passes the verification, so that the edge cloud device can verify the integrity of the video data based on the summary information. The transaction generation module is used to generate transaction information based on the video data and the summary information by the edge computing node if the edge cloud device passes the verification. The notarization module is used to broadcast the transaction information to the blockchain for verification. If the verification in the blockchain is successful, the transaction information is notarized, wherein the transaction information includes the video data. The step of storing the transaction information includes: The blockchain is used to extract the attribute information of the transaction from the transaction information, and the attribute information is stored in the database table corresponding to the transaction type of the transaction information. Data is queried according to the API interface provided by the relational database, and the hash value of the attribute information in the database table is calculated. A new transaction is formed based on the hash value and stored in the blockchain to prove the transaction information. Before data querying, the hash value of the database table stored in the blockchain node is verified to be consistent with the hash value in the blockchain.

8. An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the video evidence preservation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the video evidence preservation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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