Hybrid system with planetary gear train and vehicle

Abstract

This invention relates to hybrid power systems, and more particularly to a hybrid power system and vehicle with a planetary gear train. In the hybrid power system with a planetary gear train, the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the main output shaft via a reduction gear mechanism. The reduction gear mechanism includes at least two reduction output gears, each sleeved on the outside of the main output shaft. The main output shaft is equipped with shift gears that selectively connect to the multiple reduction output gears. Because the drive motor's speed is greater than the main output shaft's speed when connected to the main output shaft via the reduction gear mechanism, a drive motor with a higher speed and greater power can be selected. This reduces the torque required by the engine, solving the problem in the prior art where the drive motor's output shaft is sleeved on the main output shaft, resulting in a one-gear ratio of 1 in two-speed electric drives, thus limiting the selection of drive motor power and preventing the reduction of engine specifications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to hybrid power systems, and more particularly to a hybrid power system and vehicle having a planetary gear train. Background Technology

[0002] In a hybrid power system, both an engine and a drive motor are present. The drive motor can be used at low speeds, while the engine can be used at high speeds, thus maintaining the engine at a high combustion efficiency. For example, Chinese invention patent application CN110723133A discloses an input-distribution planetary hybrid vehicle shift coordination control method with an AMT transmission, which discloses a hybrid power system.

[0003] This hybrid power system includes an engine and two electric motors, one of which functions as a generator, while the other is located at the output end as a drive motor. The engine is connected to the planet carrier of a planetary gear train, and the generator is connected to the sun gear on the same train. A ring gear is connected to the output shaft. The engine's power can be transmitted to the generator for electricity generation and also to the output shaft for power output via the ring gear. A two-speed gearbox is also installed on the output shaft. The output shaft of the drive motor is collinear with the output shaft of the system, and its hollow shaft is fitted onto the system's output shaft. The two-speed gearbox is equipped with a shifter that allows selective engagement of the drive motor's output shaft directly with the system's output shaft, or engagement via a reduction gear. This allows for power output options including pure engine drive, pure electric drive, or a combination of both.

[0004] However, in the aforementioned technical solution, the hybrid power system is arranged longitudinally, with the power output direction of the engine and drive motor at a 90-degree angle to the power output direction of the axle. During actual assembly, bevel gears are required to switch the power output direction. However, bevel gears require reserved transmission and meshing clearances, which can cause abnormal noise and vibration during power transmission. Furthermore, in the two-speed drive configuration of the aforementioned power system, when the output shaft of the drive motor is directly and fixedly connected to the output shaft of the system via a gear shifter, the speed ratio between the drive motor and the system's output shaft is 1. The axle's output speed is generally lower than the motor's speed, resulting in a lower drive motor output speed. This affects the selection of the drive motor, leading to a smaller overall size and necessitating a larger engine. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hybrid power system with a planetary gear train to solve the problem in the prior art where the output shaft of the drive motor is mounted on the main output shaft, which limits the selection of drive motor power and prevents the engine specifications from being reduced because one of the two-speed electric drives has a speed ratio of 1. The purpose of this invention is also to provide a vehicle to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the hybrid power system with planetary gear train in this invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A hybrid power system with a planetary gear train includes a planetary gear train, a drive motor, and a main output shaft for transmission connection with an axle. The output elements of the planetary gear train are directly connected to the main output shaft or indirectly connected via a gear structure. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the main output shaft via a reduction gear mechanism. The reduction gear mechanism includes at least two reduction output gears, each of which is sleeved on the outside of the main output shaft. The main output shaft is provided with shift gears that selectively connect to the multiple reduction output gears.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: This invention improves the existing hybrid power system with planetary gear train by transmitting the speed output of the drive motor through a reduction gear mechanism set between the output shaft of the drive motor and the main output shaft. Since the speed of the drive motor is greater than that of the main output shaft when the drive motor is connected to the main output shaft through the reduction gear mechanism, the drive motor can be selected with a higher speed and greater power. At this time, the drive motor can be connected to the main output shaft through the reduction gear mechanism and the shift gear. Since the torque required by the main output shaft comes from the drive motor and the engine, the torque required by the engine can be reduced. This solves the problem in the prior art where the output shaft of the drive motor is mounted on the main output shaft, which makes one of the two gears of the electric drive have a speed ratio of 1, thus limiting the selection of drive motor power and preventing the engine specifications from being reduced.

[0009] Furthermore, the output shaft of the drive motor is arranged parallel to the main output shaft, and at least two sub-reduction gears are provided on the output shaft of the drive motor. The reduction output gear corresponds one-to-one with the sub-reduction gears, so that the reduction gear mechanism can selectively output at least two reduction ratios.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: it allows the sub-reduction gear to be directly mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor, simplifying the structure, saving power transmission paths, and improving transmission efficiency.

[0011] Furthermore, the reduction gear mechanism is a two-speed reduction mechanism, with two reduction output gears and two sub-reduction gears, and the two reduction output gears are located on both sides of the shift gear.

[0012] The advantages of the above technical solution are: it saves on the number of shift gears and allows switching between two gears through a single shift gear.

[0013] Furthermore, the axis of the output element is arranged parallel to the axis of the main output shaft, and the output element is connected to one of the reduction output gears, the gear structure including the reduction output gear.

[0014] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that by using a reduction output gear, the planetary gear train does not need to have an additional transmission structure for the output of the main output shaft.

[0015] Furthermore, the output element is a gear ring with internal teeth, and the gear structure also includes external teeth disposed on the outer periphery of the gear ring, the external teeth meshing with one of the reduction output gears for transmission.

[0016] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the gear ring has both internal and external teeth, which facilitates power transmission.

[0017] Furthermore, the hybrid power system with planetary gear train also includes an axle arranged parallel to the main output shaft, and the main output shaft and the axle are driven by an end-drive gear.

[0018] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that it adds a power transmission stage, which facilitates further control of the rotational speed.

[0019] Furthermore, the hybrid power system with planetary gear train also includes a generator and an engine. The output shaft of the engine is connected to the planet carrier of the planetary gear train, and the rotating shaft of the generator is connected to the sun gear of the planetary gear train. The generator and the engine are coaxially arranged on both sides of the planetary gear train.

[0020] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the generator no longer needs to be mounted on the output shaft of the engine, making it easier to set up a solid shaft, which in turn facilitates the transmission of torque.

[0021] Furthermore, the hybrid power system with planetary gear train also includes an axle arranged parallel to the main output shaft, and the main output shaft and the axle are connected by an end-drive gear. The drive motor and the end-drive gear are respectively located on both sides of the sub-reduction gear.

[0022] The advantages of the above technical solution are: it facilitates the arrangement of the drive motor and saves space.

[0023] Furthermore, the hybrid power system with planetary gear train also includes a generator, the rotating shaft of which is connected to the sun gear of the planetary gear train, and the rotating shaft of the generator and the output shaft of the drive motor are arranged in parallel.

[0024] The advantages of the above technical solution are: avoiding the use of bevel gears and avoiding abnormal noise and shaking.

[0025] To achieve the above objectives, the vehicle in this invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0026] A vehicle includes a hybrid power system, wherein the hybrid power system includes a planetary gear train, a drive motor, and a main output shaft for transmission connection with an axle. The output elements of the planetary gear train are directly connected to the main output shaft or indirectly connected via a gear structure. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the main output shaft via a reduction gear mechanism. The reduction gear mechanism includes at least two reduction output gears, each of which is sleeved on the outside of the main output shaft. The main output shaft is provided with shift gears that selectively connect to the multiple reduction output gears.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: This invention improves the vehicle in the prior art by transmitting the speed output of the drive motor through a reduction gear mechanism set between the output shaft and the main output shaft of the drive motor. Since the speed of the drive motor is greater than that of the main output shaft when the drive motor is connected to the main output shaft through the reduction gear mechanism, the drive motor can be selected with a higher speed and greater power. At this time, the drive motor can be connected to the main output shaft through the reduction gear mechanism and the shift gear. Since the torque required by the main output shaft comes from the drive motor and the engine, the torque required by the engine can be reduced. This solves the problem in the prior art where the output shaft of the drive motor is mounted on the main output shaft, which makes one of the two gears of the electric drive have a speed ratio of 1, thus limiting the selection of drive motor power and preventing the engine specifications from being reduced.

[0028] Furthermore, the output shaft of the drive motor is arranged parallel to the main output shaft, and at least two sub-reduction gears are provided on the output shaft of the drive motor. The reduction output gear corresponds one-to-one with the sub-reduction gears, so that the reduction gear mechanism can selectively output at least two reduction ratios.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: it allows the sub-reduction gear to be directly mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor, simplifying the structure, saving power transmission paths, and improving transmission efficiency.

[0030] Furthermore, the reduction gear mechanism is a two-speed reduction mechanism, with two reduction output gears and two sub-reduction gears, and the two reduction output gears are located on both sides of the shift gear.

[0031] The advantages of the above technical solution are: it saves on the number of shift gears and allows switching between two gears through a single shift gear.

[0032] Furthermore, the axis of the output element is arranged parallel to the axis of the main output shaft, and the output element is connected to one of the reduction output gears, the gear structure including the reduction output gear.

[0033] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that by using a reduction output gear, the planetary gear train does not need to have an additional transmission structure for the output of the main output shaft.

[0034] Furthermore, the output element is a gear ring with internal teeth, and the gear structure also includes external teeth disposed on the outer periphery of the gear ring, the external teeth meshing with one of the reduction output gears for transmission.

[0035] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the gear ring has both internal and external teeth, which facilitates power transmission.

[0036] Furthermore, the hybrid power system with planetary gear train also includes an axle arranged parallel to the main output shaft, and the main output shaft and the axle are driven by an end-drive gear.

[0037] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that it adds a power transmission stage, which facilitates further control of the rotational speed.

[0038] Furthermore, the hybrid power system with planetary gear train also includes a generator and an engine. The output shaft of the engine is connected to the planet carrier of the planetary gear train, and the rotating shaft of the generator is connected to the sun gear of the planetary gear train. The generator and the engine are coaxially arranged on both sides of the planetary gear train.

[0039] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the generator no longer needs to be mounted on the output shaft of the engine, making it easier to set up a solid shaft, which in turn facilitates the transmission of torque.

[0040] Furthermore, the hybrid power system with planetary gear train also includes an axle arranged parallel to the main output shaft, and the main output shaft and the axle are connected by an end-drive gear. The drive motor and the end-drive gear are respectively located on both sides of the sub-reduction gear.

[0041] The advantages of the above technical solution are: it facilitates the arrangement of the drive motor and saves space.

[0042] Furthermore, the hybrid power system with planetary gear train also includes a generator, the rotating shaft of which is connected to the sun gear of the planetary gear train, and the rotating shaft of the generator and the output shaft of the drive motor are arranged in parallel.

[0043] The advantages of the above technical solution are: avoiding the use of bevel gears and avoiding abnormal noise and shaking. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the hybrid power system in Embodiment 1 of the vehicle of the present invention.

[0045] In the diagram: 11. Engine; 111. Mass flywheel; 12. Generator; 13. Drive motor; 14. Differential; 15. Half shaft; 16. Clutch; 21. Sun gear; 22. Planet carrier; 23. Ring gear; 24. Planet gears; 31. First output shaft; 32. First sub-reduction gear; 33. Second sub-reduction gear; 41. First reduction output gear; 42. Second reduction output gear; 51. Main output shaft; 52. Shift fork; 53. Shift gear. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

[0047] In embodiment 1 of the vehicle in this invention:

[0048] In this embodiment, the vehicle includes a hybrid power system (hereinafter referred to as the hybrid system). The hybrid system includes an engine connected to a planetary carrier of a planetary gear train, a generator connected to a sun gear of the planetary gear train, and a main output shaft. The ring gear of the planetary gear train is connected to the main output shaft through an external gear. The drive motor is connected to the main output shaft through a two-speed reduction gear mechanism. That is to say, the drive motor and the main output shaft are both connected by reduction gear transmission, which makes it easier to increase the initial speed of the drive motor and thus facilitates the selection of the high speed of the drive motor.

[0049] like Figure 1As shown, the hybrid system includes an engine 11, a generator 12, a drive motor 13, and a planetary gear system. The planetary gear system includes a sun gear 21, a planet carrier 22, planet gears 24, and a ring gear 23. The engine 11 is connected to the planet carrier 22 of the planetary gear system, the generator 12 is connected to the sun gear 21 of the planetary gear system, and the ring gear 23 is connected to the main output shaft 51 of the hybrid system via a gear structure. In other words, the power from the engine 11 is directly transmitted to the planet carrier 22. The power from the planet carrier 22 can be selectively output to the sun gear 21 or the ring gear 23, or simultaneously to both, thus achieving power splitting. To ensure stable output from the engine 11, a mass flywheel 111 is also provided at the output end of the engine 11 to make the rotation of the engine 11 more stable during operation. When the ring gear 23 is locked, the engine 11 drives the planetary carrier 22, which in turn drives the sun gear 21. Since the sun gear 21 is connected to the generator 12, it can generate electricity. When the sun gear 21 is locked, the engine 11 drives the planetary carrier 22, which in turn drives the ring gear 23. Power is output through the transmission between the ring gear 23 and the main output shaft 51. In this case, the engine 11 acts as the driving force for driving. Of course, the sun gear 21 and the ring gear 23 can also rotate simultaneously. In this case, the power of the engine 11 is distributed to the generator 12 and the main output shaft 51 for power distribution. It is worth noting that in this embodiment, the generator 12 only serves to generate electricity, specifically an ISG motor. The drive motor 13 is mainly used to drive the main output shaft 51, but it can also generate electricity under certain conditions. For example, in braking mode, the main output shaft 51 can reverse-drive the drive motor 13 to generate electricity. In this embodiment, the drive motor 13 is a TM motor.

[0050] To facilitate the engagement of the generator 12, a clutch 16 is provided between the generator 12 and the sun gear 21, allowing selective engagement of the hybrid system. The engine 11 and generator 12 are respectively arranged on both sides of the planetary gear train, and the output shaft of the engine 11 and the rotating shaft of the generator 12 are coaxially arranged. Therefore, the rotating shaft of the generator 12 is arranged separately and can be set as a solid shaft, enabling the transmission of greater torque during power transmission.

[0051] The output shaft of the drive motor 13 is parallel to both the rotation shaft of the generator 12 and the main output shaft 51. The output shaft of the drive motor 13 is designated as the first output shaft 31. Two sub-reduction gears with different numbers of teeth are mounted on the first output shaft 31. Two reduction output gears are also mounted, each corresponding to one of the two sub-reduction gears. Different speeds can be output through the engagement of these two sets of gears. The reduction output gears are mounted on the main output shaft 51. The rotation of the reduction output gears does not directly drive the rotation of the main output shaft 51. Therefore, a shift gear 53 is mounted on the main output shaft 51, located between the two reduction output gears. It is selectively connected to one of the reduction output gears via a shift fork 52. This means that the shift gear 53 can rotate synchronously with one of the reduction output gears, thereby driving the rotation of the main output shaft 51. The shift fork 52 includes a gear sleeve, which allows for selective engagement. Specifically, the two sub-reduction gears include a first sub-reduction gear 32 and a second sub-reduction gear 33, and the two reduction output gears include a first reduction output gear 41 and a second reduction output gear 42. The first sub-reduction gear 32 meshes with the first reduction output gear 41, and the second sub-reduction gear 33 meshes with the second reduction output gear 42. The gear sleeve has three positions, which can select the output of the first reduction gear, the output of the second reduction gear, or neutral.

[0052] The power from engine 11 also needs to be transmitted to the main output shaft 51. Therefore, external teeth are provided on the outer circumference of the gear ring 23, and an external gear is also provided outside the gear ring 23. The external gear meshes with one of the reduction output gears. That is to say, the power output by engine 11 is transmitted through the gear ring 23 and then through the reduction gear mechanism before it is transmitted to the output shaft, increasing the speed range. Specifically, the external gear meshes with the first reduction output gear 41. In addition, the hybrid system also includes a frame connected to the wheels. The frame includes two half-shafts 15 and a differential 14 located at the connection between the two half-shafts 15. The differential 14 can drive the rotation of the two half-shafts 15. A first end gear is provided on the main output shaft 51, and a second end gear is provided on the housing of the differential 14. The two end gears mesh with each other to form a set of end transmission gears for transmitting the torque on the main output shaft 51 to the half-shafts 15. The axle is arranged in parallel with the main output shaft 51, which allows the axle and the main output shaft 51 to mesh and transmit power through spur gears, thereby reducing the meshing clearance and transmission clearance caused by bevel gear transmission.

[0053] The following description of the device is based on Table 1 and different operating modes.

[0054] Table 1. Action correspondence of hybrid power systems with planetary gear trains under different vehicle modes.

[0055]

[0056]

[0057] Engine idling mode: In this mode, engine 11 rotates, driving the planetary carrier 22 to rotate. The ring gear 23 is fixed. Power from engine 11 is output through the sun gear 21. Since clutch 16 is disengaged, the generator 12's rotating shaft is disconnected from the sun gear 21, resulting in no power generation. Drive motor 13 is not operating, and the gear sleeve is in neutral. The vehicle's power supply neither supplies power to nor charges the drive motor 13, thus there is no charging or discharging. Alternatively, in other implementations, the gear sleeve can be in first or second gear. Since the drive motor is not operating, gear selection has no impact on the main output shaft.

[0058] Parking power generation mode: In this mode, engine 11 rotates, driving the planetary carrier 22 to rotate. The ring gear 23 remains fixed. Power from engine 11 is output through the sun gear 21. Since clutch 16 is engaged, the rotating shaft of generator 12 is linked to the sun gear 21. The sun gear 21 drives the rotating shaft of generator 12, generating electricity and outputting it to the vehicle's power supply. At this time, drive motor 13 is not operating, and the gear sleeve is in neutral. Alternatively, in other implementations, the gear sleeve can be in first or second gear. Since the drive motor is not operating, the gear selection has no effect on the main output shaft.

[0059] In pure electric drive mode (first gear): the engine 11 stops rotating, the planetary carrier 22 is locked, and the planetary gears 24 can only rotate on their own axis. The gear sleeve moves to the left, causing the first sub-reduction gear 32 to mesh with the first reduction output gear 41. The drive motor 13 transmits power to the main output shaft 51 via the first sub-reduction gear 32 and the first reduction output gear 41. Simultaneously, the first reduction output gear 41 drives the ring gear 23 to rotate via the external gear. Because the planetary carrier 22 is locked, the sun gear 21 rotates after being driven by the planetary gears 24. The clutch 16 disengages, and the generator 12 does not work at this time. In addition, since the drive motor 13 is working, it requires power from the vehicle's power supply, which is in a discharging state.

[0060] Second-gear pure electric drive mode: In this mode, the engine 11 stops rotating, the planetary carrier 22 is locked, and the planetary gears 24 can only rotate on their own axis. The gear sleeve moves to the right, causing the second sub-reduction gear 33 to mesh with the second reduction output gear 42 for transmission. The drive motor 13 transmits power to the main output shaft 51 via the second sub-reduction gear 33 and the second reduction output gear 42. At the same time, the first sub-reduction gear 32 and the second sub-reduction gear 33 are connected to the first output shaft 31, and the first reduction output gear 41 also rotates. The first reduction output gear 41 drives the gear ring 23 to rotate via the external gear. Since the planetary carrier 22 is locked, the sun gear 21 rotates after being driven by the planetary gears 24. The clutch 16 is disengaged, and the generator 12 does not work at this time. In addition, since the drive motor 13 is working, it needs to be powered by the vehicle's power supply, which is in a discharging state.

[0061] First-gear drive charging mode: Planetary carrier 22 is not fixed. In this mode, the power split mode is in effect. Engine 11 rotates, driving planetary carrier 22 to rotate. Planetary carrier 22 drives sun gear 21 and ring gear 23 to rotate respectively. Clutch 16 engages, causing sun gear 21 to drive generator 12 to generate electricity and supply power to the vehicle's power supply. On the other hand, the gear sleeve moves to the left, connecting the first reduction output gear 41 to the main output shaft 51. Ring gear 23 drives the power output through the first reduction output gear 41. Drive motor 13 rotates. At this time, the power of drive motor 13 is output to the main output shaft 51 through the first output shaft 31 and the first sub-reduction gear 32, and then through the first reduction output gear 41. At this time, the power output of generator 12 is greater than the driving power of drive motor 13, thus it can also charge the vehicle's power supply.

[0062] Second-gear drive charging mode: Planetary carrier 22 is not fixed. In this mode, the power split mode is in effect. Engine 11 rotates, driving planetary carrier 22 to rotate. Planetary carrier 22 drives sun gear 21 and ring gear 23 to rotate respectively. Clutch 16 engages, causing sun gear 21 to drive generator 12 to generate electricity and supply power to the vehicle's power supply. On the other hand, the gear sleeve moves to the right, connecting the second reduction output gear 42 to the main output shaft 51. Ring gear 23 drives the first reduction gear, which then outputs power through the first sub-reduction gear 32 and the second sub-reduction gear 33. Drive motor 13 rotates. At this time, the power of drive motor 13 is output to the main output shaft 51 through the first output shaft 31 and the second sub-reduction gear 33, and then through the second reduction gear. At this time, the power output of generator 12 is greater than the drive power of drive motor 13, thus also charging the vehicle's power supply.

[0063] First-gear drive discharge mode: Planetary carrier 22 is not fixed, and the system is in power split mode. Engine 11 rotates, driving planetary carrier 22 to rotate. Planetary carrier 22 drives sun gear 21 and ring gear 23 to rotate respectively. Clutch 16 engages, causing sun gear 21 to drive generator 12 to generate electricity and supply power to the vehicle's power supply. On the other hand, gear sleeve moves to the left, connecting the first reduction gear to the main output shaft 51. Ring gear 23 drives external gear, which then outputs power through the first reduction gear and the first sub-reduction gear. Drive motor 13 rotates. At this time, the power of drive motor 13 is output to the main output shaft 51 through the first output shaft 31 and the first sub-reduction gear 33, and then through the first reduction output gear. The power output of generator 12 is less than the drive power of drive motor 13, and the vehicle's power supply is in discharge mode.

[0064] Second-gear drive discharge mode: Planetary carrier 22 is not fixed. In this mode, the power is split. Engine 11 rotates, driving planetary carrier 22 to rotate. Planetary carrier 22 drives sun gear 21 and ring gear 23 to rotate respectively. Clutch 16 engages, causing sun gear 21 to drive generator 12 to generate electricity and supply power to the vehicle's power supply. On the other hand, the gear sleeve moves to the right, connecting the second reduction output gear 42 to the main output shaft 51. Ring gear 23 drives the external gear through the first reduction output gear 41, then through the first sub-reduction gear 32 and the second sub-reduction gear 33, and then outputs power. Drive motor 13 rotates. At this time, the power of drive motor 13 is output to the main output shaft 51 through the first output shaft 31 and the second sub-reduction gear 33, then through the second reduction output gear 42. The power output of generator 12 is less than the drive power of drive motor 13, and the vehicle's power supply is in discharge mode.

[0065] In the first gear engine direct drive charging mode: the planetary carrier 22 is not fixed. At this time, it is in the power split mode. The engine 11 rotates, which drives the planetary carrier 22 to rotate. The planetary carrier 22 drives the sun gear 21 and the ring gear 23 to rotate respectively. The clutch 16 is engaged, which causes the sun gear 21 to drive the generator 12 to generate electricity and supply power to the vehicle power supply. On the other hand, the gear sleeve moves to the left to connect the first reduction output gear 41 with the main output shaft 51. The ring gear 23 drives the first reduction output gear 41 to output power. At this time, the drive motor rotates accordingly.

[0066] Second-gear engine direct drive charging mode: Planetary carrier 22 is not fixed. At this time, it is in power split mode. The engine 11 rotates, which drives the planetary carrier 22 to rotate. The planetary carrier 22 drives the sun gear 21 and the ring gear 23 to rotate respectively. The clutch 16 is engaged, which causes the sun gear 21 to drive the generator 12 to generate electricity and supply power to the vehicle power supply. On the other hand, the gear sleeve moves to the right to connect the second reduction output gear 42 with the main output shaft 51. The ring gear 23 drives the first reduction output gear 41 to output power after passing through the first sub-reduction gear 32 and the second sub-reduction gear 33. At this time, the drive motor rotates accordingly.

[0067] In the first gear direct drive mode: the engine 11 rotates, which drives the planetary carrier 22 to rotate. The planetary carrier drives the ring gear to rotate, the clutch 16 disengages, the generator separates from the sun gear, and the generator does not engage in operation; on the other hand, the gear sleeve moves to the left to connect the first reduction output gear 41 with the main output shaft 51. The ring gear 23 drives the first reduction output gear 41 to output power, and the drive motor rotates accordingly.

[0068] Second-gear direct drive mode: Engine 11 rotates, driving planetary carrier 22 to rotate, planetary carrier drives ring gear to rotate, clutch 16 disengages, generator separates from sun gear, generator does not engage; on the other hand, gear sleeve moves to the right to connect second reduction output gear 42 to main output shaft 51, ring gear 23 drives first reduction output gear 41 to output power after passing through first sub-reduction gear 32 and second sub-reduction gear 33, at which time drive motor rotates accordingly.

[0069] In the first-gear regenerative braking mode: when the vehicle is moving forward, neither the engine 11 nor the drive motor 13 outputs torque. At this time, the gear sleeve moves to the left, engaging the first sub-reduction gear 32 with the first reduction output gear 41 on the main output shaft 51. The rotation of the main output shaft 51 drives the rotation of the first sub-reduction gear 32, which in turn propels the drive motor 13 to move. The drive motor 13 is in a power generation state at this time. On the other hand, the first sub-reduction gear 32 transmits power to the gear ring 23, causing the gear ring 23 to rotate and lock the planet carrier 22. The gear ring 23 drives the planet gears 24 to rotate, which in turn drives the sun gear 21 to rotate. The clutch 16 is in the disengaged state, the generator 12 does not engage, and the vehicle power supply is in a charging state.

[0070] In the first-gear combined braking energy recovery mode: when the vehicle is moving forward, neither the engine 11 nor the drive motor 13 outputs torque. At this time, the gear sleeve moves to the left, engaging the first sub-reduction gear 32 with the first reduction output gear 41 on the main output shaft 51. The rotation of the main output shaft 51 drives the rotation of the first sub-reduction gear 32, which in turn propels the drive motor 13 to move. The drive motor 13 is in a power generation state at this time. On the other hand, the first sub-reduction gear 32 transmits power to the gear ring 23, causing the gear ring 23 to rotate. The gear ring 23 drives the rotation of the planetary carrier 22 and the sun gear 21, and the engine 11 is propped to rotate, consuming kinetic energy and facilitating braking. The clutch 16 is engaged, and the generator 12 generates electricity synchronously. The on-board power supply receives power from the drive motor 13 and the generator 12 and is in a charging state.

[0071] Second-gear combined braking energy recovery mode: When the vehicle moves forward, neither the engine 11 nor the drive motor 13 outputs torque. At this time, the gear sleeve moves to the right, engaging the second sub-reduction gear 33 with the second reduction output gear 42 on the main output shaft 51. The rotation of the main output shaft 51 drives the rotation of the second sub-reduction gear 33, which in turn drags the drive motor 13, which is in a power generation state at this time. On the other hand, the first sub-reduction gear 32 and the second sub-reduction gear 33 are linked, which in turn drives the second sub-reduction gear 33 to transmit power to the gear ring 23, causing the gear ring 23 to rotate. The gear ring 23 drives the planetary carrier 22 and the sun gear 21 to rotate, and the engine 11 is dragged to rotate, consuming kinetic energy and facilitating braking. The clutch 16 is engaged, and the generator 12 generates electricity synchronously. The vehicle power supply receives power from the drive motor 13 and the generator 12 and is in a charging state.

[0072] Pure electric reverse mode: Engine 11 is not working. At this time, planetary carrier 22 is locked, drive motor 13 reverses, and gear sleeve moves to the left, driving the first sub-reduction gear 32 and the first reduction output gear 41. In turn, drive motor 13 drives the first sub-reduction gear 32 to reverse, and the power is transmitted to the main output shaft 51 through the first reduction output gear 41. On the other hand, the first reduction output gear 41 synchronously drives the external gear, which in turn drives the gear ring 23 to rotate. The gear ring 23 drives the planetary gear 24 to rotate, which in turn drives the sun gear 21 to rotate. Clutch 16 is in the disengaged state, so the generator 12 does not engage. At this time, the vehicle power supply drives drive motor 13 to work and is in the discharge state.

[0073] Hybrid reversing mode: The engine 11 rotates, driving the planetary carrier 22 to rotate. The planetary carrier 22 drives the ring gear 23 and the sun gear 21 to rotate respectively. The clutch 16 engages, causing the sun gear 21 to drive the generator 12 to generate electricity. On the other hand, the ring gear 23 drives the external gear, which in turn drives the first reduction output gear 41 to rotate. The gear sleeve moves to the left, causing the first sub-reduction gear 32 and the first reduction output gear 41 to drive the motor 13 to reverse, driving the first sub-reduction gear 32 to reverse, and finally, under the action of the first reduction output gear 41, driving the main output shaft 51 to rotate.

[0074] This hybrid system allows the drive motor 13 to decelerate before outputting power to the main output shaft 51, thus increasing torque and enabling it to provide greater torque to the main output shaft 51. This means the drive motor 13 can operate in a wider speed range, maximizing its output torque. During vehicle movement, the torque on the main output shaft 51 comes from both the engine 11 and the drive motor 13. When the drive motor 13 can provide greater torque, the engine 11 can be miniaturized. Therefore, the engine 11 primarily functions as an auxiliary power source at high speeds, while the drive motor 13 serves as the primary power source, resulting in higher overall efficiency in the hybrid system.

[0075] In Embodiment 2 of the present invention: For the configuration of a hybrid power system with a planetary gear system, this embodiment proposes a new arrangement. Unlike Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the rotating shaft of the generator is sleeved together with the output shaft of the drive motor, and the generator is driven and meshed with the sun gear through a gear structure. At this time, the rotating shaft of the generator and the output shaft of the drive motor are arranged coaxially.

[0076] In Embodiment 3 of the vehicle of the present invention: For the configuration of a hybrid power system with a planetary gear train, this embodiment proposes a new arrangement. Unlike Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the drive motor and the end gear are located on the same side of the sub-reduction gear.

[0077] In embodiment 4 of the present invention: For the configuration of a hybrid power system with a planetary gear train, this embodiment proposes a new arrangement. Unlike embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the generator and the engine are arranged on the same side of the planetary gear train, and the rotating shaft of the generator is a hollow shaft sleeved on the engine shaft.

[0078] In embodiment 5 of the vehicle of the present invention: For the configuration of a hybrid power system with a planetary gear system, this embodiment proposes a new arrangement. Unlike embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the main output shaft is connected to the axle via a bevel gear.

[0079] In embodiment 6 of the present invention: For the configuration of a hybrid power system with a planetary gear system, this embodiment proposes a new arrangement. Unlike embodiment 1, in this embodiment, an additional external gear is provided outside the outer teeth of the gear ring, which is connected to the first reduction output gear.

[0080] In embodiment 7 of the vehicle of the present invention: For the configuration of a hybrid power system with a planetary gear train, this embodiment proposes a new arrangement. Unlike embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the generator is connected to the ring gear, and the sun gear of the planetary gear train outputs power to the main output shaft through gear transmission.

[0081] In embodiment 8 of the present invention: For the configuration of a hybrid power system with a planetary gear system, this embodiment proposes a new arrangement. Unlike embodiment 1, in this embodiment, a first output gear is provided on the main output gear, and the ring gear of the planetary gear system directly meshes with the first output gear for transmission, without relying on the sub-reduction gear and the reduction output gear for power transmission.

[0082] In embodiment 9 of the present invention: For the configuration of a hybrid power system with a planetary gear train, this embodiment proposes a new arrangement. Unlike embodiment 1, this embodiment has three reduction output gears, and three sub-reduction gears are also provided on the output shaft of the drive motor. Through the sub-reduction gears, there are two shift gears, and the third gear is output through an additional shift gear.

[0083] In embodiment 10 of the vehicle in this invention: For the configuration of a hybrid power system with a planetary gear train, this embodiment proposes a new arrangement. Unlike embodiment 1, this embodiment has two shift gears, and the two shift gears are configured in a one-to-one correspondence with the reduction output gear.

[0084] In the embodiment of the hybrid power system with planetary gear train in this invention, the structure of the hybrid power system with planetary gear train in this embodiment is the same as the structure of the hybrid power system with planetary gear train in any embodiment of the vehicle described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0085] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of patent protection of the present invention shall be determined by the claims. Similarly, any equivalent structural changes made based on the description and drawings of the present invention shall also be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hybrid powertrain with planetary gear train, comprising a planetary gear train, a drive motor, a main output shaft for driving connection with an axle, the output element of the planetary gear train being indirectly drivingly connected with the main output shaft by a gear structure, characterized in that: The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the main output shaft via a reduction gear mechanism. The reduction gear mechanism includes at least two reduction output gears, each of which is sleeved on the outside of the main output shaft. The main output shaft is provided with shift gears that selectively connect to the multiple reduction output gears. The output shaft of the drive motor is arranged parallel to the main output shaft, and at least two sub-reduction gears are provided on the output shaft of the drive motor. The reduction output gears correspond one-to-one with the sub-reduction gears, so that the reduction gear mechanism selectively outputs at least two reduction ratios. The axis of the output element is arranged parallel to the axis of the main output shaft, and the output element is connected to one of the reduction output gears. The gear structure includes the reduction output gear.

2. The hybrid system with planetary gear train according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reduction gear mechanism is a two-speed reduction mechanism, with two reduction output gears and two sub-reduction gears, and the two reduction output gears are located on both sides of the shift gear.

3. The hybrid power system with planetary gear train according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The output element is a gear ring with internal teeth. The gear structure also includes external teeth disposed on the outer periphery of the gear ring. An external gear is also meshed on the outside of the gear ring, and the external gear meshes with one of the reduction output gears.

4. The hybrid power system with planetary gear train according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The output element is a gear ring with internal teeth, and the gear structure also includes external teeth disposed on the outer periphery of the gear ring, which mesh with one of the reduction output gears for transmission.

5. The hybrid power system with planetary gear train according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The hybrid power system with planetary gear train also includes an axle arranged parallel to the main output shaft, and the main output shaft and the axle are driven by an end-drive gear.

6. The hybrid power system with planetary gear train according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The hybrid power system with planetary gear train also includes a generator and an engine. The output shaft of the engine is connected to the planet carrier of the planetary gear train, and the rotating shaft of the generator is connected to the sun gear of the planetary gear train. The generator and the engine are arranged coaxially on both sides of the planetary gear train.

7. The hybrid power system with planetary gear train according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The hybrid power system with planetary gear train also includes an axle arranged parallel to the main output shaft. The main output shaft and the axle are connected by an end-drive gear. The drive motor and the end-drive gear are respectively located on both sides of the sub-reduction gear.

8. The hybrid power system with planetary gear train according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The hybrid power system with planetary gear train also includes a generator, the rotating shaft of which is connected to the sun gear of the planetary gear train, and the rotating shaft of the generator is arranged in parallel with the output shaft of the drive motor.

9. A vehicle comprising a hybrid power system, characterized in that: The hybrid power system includes a planetary gear train, a drive motor, and a main output shaft for connection to the axle drive. The output element of the planetary gear train is indirectly connected to the main output shaft via a gear structure. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the main output shaft via a reduction gear mechanism. The reduction gear mechanism includes at least two reduction output gears, each of which is sleeved on the outside of the main output shaft. The main output shaft is provided with shift gears that selectively connect to the multiple reduction output gears. The output shaft of the drive motor is arranged parallel to the main output shaft, and at least two sub-reduction gears are provided on the output shaft. The reduction output gears correspond one-to-one with the sub-reduction gears, so that the reduction gear mechanism selectively outputs at least two reduction ratios. The axis of the output element is arranged parallel to the axis of the main output shaft, and the output element is connected to one of the reduction output gears. The gear structure includes the reduction output gear.

10. The vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that: The reduction gear mechanism is a two-speed reduction mechanism, with two reduction output gears and two sub-reduction gears, and the two reduction output gears are located on both sides of the shift gear.

11. The vehicle according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: The output element is a gear ring with internal teeth. The gear structure also includes external teeth disposed on the outer periphery of the gear ring. An external gear is also meshed on the outside of the gear ring, and the external gear meshes with one of the reduction output gears.

12. The vehicle according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: The output element is a gear ring with internal teeth, and the gear structure also includes external teeth disposed on the outer periphery of the gear ring, which mesh with one of the reduction output gears for transmission.

13. The vehicle according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: The hybrid system also includes an axle arranged parallel to the main output shaft, with the main output shaft and the axle connected by an end-drive gear.

14. The vehicle according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: The hybrid power system also includes a generator and an engine. The output shaft of the engine is connected to the planet carrier of the planetary gear system, and the rotating shaft of the generator is connected to the sun gear of the planetary gear system. The generator and the engine are coaxially arranged on both sides of the planetary gear system.

15. The vehicle according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: The hybrid system also includes an axle arranged parallel to the main output shaft. The main output shaft and the axle are connected by an end-drive gear. The drive motor and the end-drive gear are respectively located on both sides of the sub-reduction gear.

16. The vehicle according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: The hybrid power system also includes a generator, the generator's rotating shaft being connected to the sun gear of the planetary gear train, and the generator's rotating shaft being arranged parallel to the output shaft of the drive motor.

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