Battery replacement method

Abstract

The application provides a battery replacement method, which realizes battery pack dismounting or mounting on a battery replacement vehicle through a battery replacement trolley. The battery replacement method comprises the following steps: before a battery dismounting action or a battery mounting action is performed, a sliding platform is controlled to be lifted to a high position state higher than a supporting mechanism; after a battery pack of the battery replacement vehicle is unlocked or before a full battery pack is mounted, the battery replacement trolley is controlled to transfer the battery pack relative to the sliding platform; after the full battery pack is carried on a battery bracket, the sliding platform is controlled to be lowered to a low position state lower than the supporting mechanism, so as to lock the full battery pack. The battery replacement trolley is used to push the battery pack into or out of the battery bracket from the side, so that the risk of falling of the battery pack from above the vehicle is avoided, the operation process is safe, meanwhile, complex hoisting equipment is not needed, the operation process is simplified, the battery replacement time is short, the efficiency is high, and the energy consumption of the battery replacement operation is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This manual relates to the field of battery swapping technology, specifically to a battery swapping method. Background Technology

[0002] Electric vehicles produce almost no carbon emissions during operation, making them an important means of addressing environmental pollution. The main energy replenishment modes for electric vehicles are: charging, range extension, and battery swapping. Battery swapping involves driving the vehicle to a battery swapping location to replace the battery pack. Battery swapping does not require the vehicle to stop, making it particularly suitable for electric vehicles using large-capacity battery packs.

[0003] A tractor unit (or heavy-duty truck) is a large truck or semi-trailer that uses tools to tow a tractor unit and a trailer. Because of the trailer's heavy weight, the tractor unit needs strong traction and a large-capacity battery pack. Battery swapping, which allows the vehicle to remain in service, is the most suitable power replenishment mode for tractor units.

[0004] Existing battery swapping methods for tractor units mostly employ a hoisting approach, with the battery pack typically being a box-shaped structure that is detachably installed behind the tractor's cab. Due to the weight of the battery pack, there is a risk of it falling during hoisting; furthermore, the hoisting equipment requires devices such as gantry cranes, which occupy a large area and necessitate the design of complex hoisting mechanisms. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the technical problems of dangerous battery swapping processes and low battery swapping efficiency in existing technologies by providing a battery swapping method. The battery swapping method of this invention is safe, energy-saving, and highly efficient.

[0006] This invention provides the following technical solutions: This invention provides a battery swapping method that uses a battery swapping trolley to remove or install a battery pack on a battery swapping vehicle. The battery pack is detachably mounted on the vehicle's frame via a battery bracket. The battery bracket is equipped with a support mechanism for supporting the battery pack, a sliding platform that can move up and down relative to the support mechanism, and a locking mechanism for locking the battery pack. The battery swapping method includes the following steps: Before performing battery removal or installation, control the sliding platform to be raised to a position higher than the support mechanism. After the battery pack of the battery swapping vehicle is unlocked or before a fully charged battery pack is installed, the battery swapping trolley is controlled to transfer the battery pack relative to the sliding platform. After a fully charged battery pack is placed on the battery tray, the sliding platform is lowered to a position below the support mechanism to lock the fully charged battery pack.

[0007] In the above scheme, the battery pack is removed and installed on the battery swapping vehicle using a battery swapping trolley. The battery pack is detachably installed on the battery swapping vehicle via a battery bracket. When removing the battery pack, the locking mechanism first unlocks the battery pack, and then controls the sliding platform to rise to a position higher than the support mechanism, so that the battery pack is supported on the sliding platform. This facilitates the transfer of the battery pack between the battery swapping trolley and the sliding platform by sliding. The battery swapping trolley carries a fully charged battery pack. Before installing the battery pack, the sliding platform is raised to a position higher than the support mechanism, so that the fully charged battery pack is transferred to the sliding platform by sliding. Then, the sliding platform is lowered to a position lower than the support mechanism, locking the fully charged battery pack on the battery swapping vehicle. The battery pack is transferred from the side of the battery tray by a battery swapping trolley, which avoids the risk of the battery pack falling when replacing the battery pack with a hoisting device. In addition, the battery tray equipment is simple, occupies little space, and is easy to operate, which simplifies the operation process, shortens the battery swapping time, increases efficiency, and saves energy consumption in battery swapping operations.

[0008] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the battery tray is also provided with a drive mechanism for driving the sliding platform to move up and down and for unlocking the locking mechanism. The drive mechanism includes a transition member disposed on the end face of the battery tray facing the battery swapping trolley. The transition member is used to cooperate with the drive member disposed on the battery swapping trolley. Prior to the step of controlling the sliding platform to rise to a position higher than the support mechanism, the battery swapping method further includes: Control the battery swapping trolley to move to a position opposite to the battery tray, so that the drive unit is aligned with the transition unit.

[0009] In the above solution, the battery tray is equipped with a drive mechanism for driving the sliding platform to move up and down and for unlocking the locking mechanism. The drive mechanism includes a transition component that cooperates with the drive component on the battery swapping trolley. This allows the power provided by the battery swapping trolley to drive the support mechanism, sliding platform, and locking mechanism on the battery tray, enabling the sliding platform to move up and down and the locking mechanism to unlock. This eliminates the need to utilize the power source on the battery swapping vehicle or add an additional power source, simplifying the structure of the locking mechanism. When the battery pack is being replaced, the battery swapping trolley moves to the designated position on the battery swapping vehicle. To ensure more precise battery pack replacement, this invention controls the battery swapping trolley to move to a position opposite the battery tray, aligning the drive component with the transition component. This prevents misalignment between the sliding platform and the battery swapping trolley, which could lead to battery pack replacement failure or falling, thus improving the safety of the battery swapping process. Furthermore, the cooperation between the drive component and the transition component enables automation of the battery swapping process, eliminating the need for human intervention and improving personnel safety.

[0010] In the above technical solution, more preferably, after the step of controlling the battery swapping cart to move to a position opposite to the battery tray, the battery swapping method further includes: Control the connection between the drive component and the transition component.

[0011] In the above scheme, the connection between the control drive component and the transition component is controlled, and then the drive component drives the drive mechanism to move the sliding platform up and down and the locking mechanism to unlock.

[0012] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the driving mechanism further includes a translation component that movably connects the locking mechanism to the battery tray and a lifting component that lifts the sliding platform to the battery tray, the transition piece being connected to the translation component, and the lifting component and the translation component being linked through a synchronization component; The step of controlling the sliding platform to be raised to a position higher than the support mechanism includes: The driving component is controlled to rotate along the first direction to drive the translation component to move, thereby moving the locking mechanism to the unlocked position; Further control the drive component to rotate along the first direction to drive the lifting assembly to lift the sliding platform to a high position; And / or, The step of controlling the sliding platform to descend to a low position below the support mechanism includes: The drive component is controlled to rotate in the second direction to drive the lifting assembly to move, so that the sliding platform is lowered to a low position. The driving component is further controlled to rotate in the second direction to drive the translation component to move, so that the locking mechanism moves to the locking position.

[0013] In the above scheme, the locking mechanism is movably connected to the battery tray via a translation component, and the sliding platform is movably connected to the battery tray via a lifting component. A synchronization component enables the linkage between the translation and lifting components. A transition piece is connected to the translation component. When disassembling the battery pack, the battery swapping trolley controls the drive component to rotate in a first direction, which in turn drives the translation component via the transition piece, moving the locking mechanism to the unlocked position. Furthermore, controlling the drive component to rotate in the first direction again causes the lifting component to move via the synchronization component, raising the sliding platform to a high position, facilitating the subsequent removal of the battery pack from the sliding platform onto the battery swapping trolley, improving battery transfer efficiency, and completing the battery pack disassembly. When installing the battery pack, controlling the drive component to rotate in a second direction causes the lifting component to move via the transition piece and the synchronization component. The lowering component lowers the sliding platform to its lowest position. The control drive rotates in the second direction, which in turn drives the translation component via a synchronization component, moving the locking mechanism to its locked position. This completes the battery pack installation. The linkage between the translation and lifting components is achieved through a transition component and a synchronization component. This ensures that during battery pack removal, the battery pack is first unlocked, then the sliding platform is raised to its highest position. Conversely, during battery pack installation, after the battery pack is placed on the sliding platform, the platform is first lowered to its lowest position before locking the battery pack. This ensures the orderly and safe battery pack replacement process, improves replacement efficiency, and simplifies the process. Furthermore, the sliding platform reduces friction between the battery pack and the contact surface, minimizing energy consumption during battery pack replacement.

[0014] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the step of controlling the battery swapping trolley to transfer the battery pack relative to the sliding platform includes: Control the battery swapping trolley to transfer the depleted battery pack from the sliding platform of the battery swapping vehicle; And / or, The battery swapping trolley is controlled to transfer a fully charged battery pack onto the sliding platform.

[0015] The above solution enables the battery swapping vehicle to efficiently transfer the battery pack from or onto the sliding platform, and allows the battery pack to be transferred from the side of the sliding platform. The sliding transfer method is easy to operate, avoids the risk of the battery pack falling, and improves safety.

[0016] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the battery bracket is also provided with a limiting plate that limits the battery pack from both sides along the battery pack transfer direction, and the battery swapping trolley has a telescopic mechanism that can be telescopically moved toward the battery pack. The step of controlling the battery swapping trolley to transfer the depleted battery pack from the sliding platform of the battery swapping vehicle includes: Control the telescopic mechanism to extend toward the battery pack and connect to the battery pack; Control the telescopic mechanism to retract, so as to transfer the battery pack to the battery swapping trolley; And / or, The step of controlling the battery swapping trolley to transfer the fully charged battery pack to the sliding platform includes: Control the connection between the telescopic mechanism and the battery pack; The telescopic mechanism is extended to transfer the battery pack onto the sliding platform; Control the telescopic mechanism to detach from the battery pack and retract to its initial position on the battery swapping vehicle.

[0017] In the above solution, the telescopic mechanism enables the transfer of depleted battery packs and the installation of fully charged battery packs. The telescopic mechanism can be connected to the battery pack, and together with the limiting plate, it ensures safety during the battery pack transfer process, and also plays a protective and limiting role for the battery pack. This allows the battery pack to be transferred conveniently, saving energy consumption and battery replacement time caused by battery pack shaking or misalignment, improving efficiency and reducing energy consumption.

[0018] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the battery swapping trolley includes a base with a walking mechanism at the bottom, a battery tray that can be lifted and lowered on the base, the battery tray having a rotating roller at least at the bottom, and the telescopic mechanism being set at a preset height position on the corresponding sides of the base; The step of controlling the battery swapping trolley to move to a position opposite to the battery tray includes: The walking mechanism is controlled to move the battery swapping trolley to a horizontal position aligned with the battery bracket; Control the battery tray to move up and down to a height level with the sliding platform.

[0019] In the above scheme, the walking mechanism drives the battery swapping trolley to a horizontal position aligned with the battery tray. Then, the battery tray is controlled to move up and down to a height level with the sliding platform. The battery pack is fixed by a telescopic mechanism with a preset height. Then, the battery pack is transferred between the sliding platform and the battery tray. The battery tray has at least a rotating roller at the bottom, and the battery pack also slides on the sliding platform, which reduces the friction during the transfer of the battery pack and reduces energy consumption.

[0020] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the support mechanism includes a plurality of support blocks disposed on the battery tray, the locking mechanism includes a plurality of locking members disposed on both sides along the transfer direction of the battery pack, and the translation component includes a first screw connected to the transition member, a first slider cooperating with the first screw, and a first connecting plate fixed to the first slider and connected to the locking members on both sides. The lifting assembly includes multiple eccentric wheels fixed to the inner sidewall of the battery bracket; The synchronization component includes two first transmission wheels fixed at both ends of the outer side wall of the battery bracket and a first synchronization belt sleeved on the two first transmission wheels and fixedly connected to the first connecting plate. The eccentric wheel is coaxially and rotatably arranged with the corresponding first transmission wheel. The sliding platform includes a frame through which the support blocks pass and multiple rolling elements fixed to the frame and located between the support blocks; Controlling the drive component to rotate along a first direction to drive the translation component to move the locking mechanism to the unlocked position includes: Controlling the rotation of the drive component causes the transition component to rotate synchronously with the first screw, causing the first slider to move along the first screw, and driving the locking component to move synchronously through the first connecting plate until the locking component moves to the unlocked position; The further control of the drive component to rotate along the first direction to drive the lifting assembly to raise the sliding platform to a high position includes: The drive component is controlled to rotate further. During the movement of the first connecting plate, the first synchronous belt and the first transmission wheel rotate synchronously, which in turn drives the eccentric wheel to rotate synchronously until the frame is pushed to the high position.

[0021] In the above scheme, the driving component is connected to the transition component. When the driving component rotates in the first direction, it drives the first screw connected to the transition component to rotate, causing the first slider that cooperates with the first screw to move along the first screw. This drives the first connecting plate fixed on the first slider to move synchronously with the locking components on both sides until the locking components move to the unlocked position. During the further movement of the first connecting plate, it drives the first synchronous belt and the first transmission wheel fixedly connected to the first connecting plate to rotate synchronously. The first transmission wheel drives the eccentric wheel that is coaxially rotated to rotate synchronously until the frame is pushed to the high position. After unlocking the battery pack through the above method, the sliding platform is lifted to the high position. The operation method is simple, saves time, and ensures the safety of battery pack replacement and reduces energy consumption.

[0022] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the support mechanism includes a plurality of support blocks disposed on the battery tray, the locking mechanism includes a plurality of locking hooks disposed on both sides along the transport direction of the battery pack, each locking hook includes two first connecting rods hinged to each other, the two first connecting rods having a locking part at one end near the battery pack, and the translation component includes two second sliders hinged to the other ends of the two first connecting rods, and a first lead screw threadedly connected to the two second sliders, the two second sliders being configured to move closer to or further away from each other; The lifting assembly includes two second connecting rods hinged at one end and located below the sliding platform, a second lead screw rotatably mounted on the battery bracket, and two third sliders threadedly connected to the second lead screw and hinged to the other ends of the two second connecting rods. The two third sliders are configured to move closer to or further away from each other. The multiple locking hooks and multiple lifting assemblies located on the same side share the first lead screw and the second lead screw respectively; The synchronization component includes a first gear and a second gear that are synchronously rotatably connected to the first lead screw and the second lead screw, a third lead screw and a third gear that are threadedly connected and disposed between the first gear and the second gear, and a gear pair and a second timing belt that synchronously link the transition piece and the third lead screw on both sides. The sliding platform includes a frame through which the support blocks pass and multiple rolling elements fixed to the frame and located between the support blocks; Controlling the drive component to rotate along a first direction to drive the translation component to move the locking mechanism to the unlocked position includes: Controlling the rotation of the drive component drives the rotation of the transition component, which in turn drives the rotation of the third lead screw through the gear pair and the second synchronous belt. This causes the third gear to move and mesh with the first gear, which in turn drives the first lead screw to rotate synchronously. This causes the two second sliders to move closer together, which in turn causes the two locking parts to move closer together and gradually disengage from the locking groove provided on the battery pack, until the locking parts move to the unlocked position. The further control of the drive component to rotate along the first direction to drive the lifting assembly to raise the sliding platform to a high position includes: The drive component is controlled to rotate further, and the third lead screw is driven to rotate further through the transition component, the gear pair and the second synchronous belt, so that the third gear moves to mesh with the second gear, and drives the second lead screw to rotate synchronously, so that the two third sliders move closer to each other, and drive the other ends of the two second connecting rods to move closer to each other, so that their top ends gradually approach and push against the frame, until the frame is pushed to the high position.

[0023] In the above scheme, when the driving component drives the transition component to rotate in the first direction, it drives the third lead screw to rotate synchronously through the gear pair and the second synchronous belt. This drives the third gear, which is threadedly connected to the third lead screw, to move axially along the third lead screw. When the locking hook is in the locked position, the third gear is located at the first position of the third lead screw. At the first position, the third gear meshes with the first gear. The third gear rotates circumferentially and moves axially along the thread on the third lead screw, causing the first lead screw, which is synchronously connected to the first gear, to rotate synchronously. This causes the two second sliders, which are threadedly connected to the first lead screw, to move closer to each other and gradually disengage from the locking groove on the battery pack until they are locked. The locking part moves to the unlocked position. After the locking part moves to the locked position, the third gear and the first gear no longer mesh. It continues to move to the second position on the third lead screw. When it moves to the second position, the third gear meshes with the second gear, causing the second lead screw, which is synchronously connected to the second gear, to rotate. This causes the two third sliders to move closer together, causing the other ends of the two second connecting rods to move closer together, so that their tops gradually approach and push against the frame until the frame is pushed to the high position. After unlocking the battery pack using the above method, the sliding platform is raised to the high position. The operation is simple, saves time, and ensures the safety of battery pack replacement and reduces energy consumption.

[0024] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the support mechanism includes a plurality of support blocks disposed on the battery tray, the locking mechanism includes a locking tongue and a driving element connected to each other, and the translation component includes a second screw rotatably disposed on the battery tray, a fourth slider threadedly connected to the second screw, and a second connecting plate fixed to the fourth slider and connected to the locking tongue on both sides. The lifting assembly includes a lifting guide and a lifting member that abut against each other. The lifting guide is connected to the second connecting plate and has a lifting guide surface that abuts against the lifting member. The lifting member is rotatably connected to the sliding platform. The synchronization component includes a synchronization rod connecting two lifting guides located on the same side along the battery pack transfer direction, and an unlocking drive block installed on the second connecting plate; The sliding platform includes a frame through which the support blocks pass and multiple rolling elements fixed to the frame and located between the support blocks; The driving component is fixedly connected to the second screw to drive the second screw to rotate synchronously; The control of the driving member to rotate along a first direction to drive the translation component to move the locking mechanism to the unlocked position includes: Controlling the rotation of the drive component drives the second screw to rotate synchronously, causing the fourth slider to move along the second screw. This, in turn, drives the unlocking drive block to move synchronously via the second connecting plate. The drive element moves along the limiting groove on the unlocking drive block until it causes the latch to gradually disengage from the fixing plate on the battery pack, until the latch retracts to the unlocked position. The further control of the drive component to rotate along the first direction to drive the lifting assembly to raise the sliding platform to a high position includes: The drive component is controlled to rotate further. During the movement of the second connecting plate, the lifting guide component is moved by the second connecting plate, so that the lifting component rises along the lifting guide surface until the frame is pushed to the high position.

[0025] In the above scheme, the driving component is fixedly connected to the second screw, and the driving component is controlled to rotate in the first direction. Through the second screw and the fourth slider, the second connecting plate is moved. The second connecting plate drives the unlocking driving block to move synchronously, so that the driving element moves along the limiting groove set on the unlocking driving block until the locking tongue gradually disengages from the fixed plate on the battery pack until the locking tongue retracts to the unlock position, thereby unlocking the battery pack. During the movement of the second connecting plate, the lifting guide connected to the second connecting plate is moved, so that the lifting component that abuts against the lifting guide rises along the lifting guide surface, driving the sliding platform that is rotatably connected to the lifting component to rise until the frame is pushed to the high position. After unlocking the battery pack by the above method, the sliding platform is lifted to the high position. The operation method is simple, saves time, and ensures the safety of battery pack replacement and reduces energy consumption.

[0026] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the top surface of the battery tray is provided with a first electrical connection device, and the bottom surface of the battery pack is provided with a second electrical connection device that matches the first electrical connection device. The first electrical connection device has a compression floating amount in a direction perpendicular to the top surface of the battery tray. During the battery pack disassembly process, the step of controlling the sliding platform to rise to a higher position than the support mechanism further includes: During the process of the lifting component raising the sliding platform to a high position, the battery pack is raised synchronously, causing the first electrical connection device to disconnect from the second electrical connection device. During the battery pack installation process, the step of controlling the sliding platform to descend to a low position below the support mechanism further includes: During the process of controlling the lifting component to lower the sliding platform to a low position, the battery pack lowers synchronously, so that the first electrical connection device and the second electrical connection device are electrically connected.

[0027] In the above solution, the first electrical connection device and the second electrical connection device, as well as the compression and floating amount of the first electrical connection device in the direction perpendicular to the top surface of the battery bracket, ensure the safety of the battery pack during disassembly and installation. Furthermore, the compression and floating amount prevents damage to the first and second electrical connection devices due to direct contact or misalignment during contact, thus avoiding damage to the battery pack.

[0028] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the number of battery swapping vehicles is two, namely a first battery swapping vehicle and a second battery swapping vehicle. The steps for controlling the battery swapping trolley and the sliding platform to transfer the battery pack include: Control the first battery swapping trolley to transfer the depleted battery pack from the sliding platform of the battery swapping vehicle; The second battery swapping trolley is controlled to transfer the fully charged battery pack to the sliding platform.

[0029] In the above scheme, a dual-cart battery swapping mode is achieved by using a first battery swapping cart to transfer a depleted battery pack and a second battery swapping cart to transfer a fully charged battery pack to the sliding platform. This reduces the time it takes for the battery swapping carts to travel from the swapping vehicle to the battery pack placement location and improves battery swapping efficiency.

[0030] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the battery swapping vehicle has two battery trays, namely a first tray and a second tray, and the two battery trays are respectively provided with telescopic mechanisms on both sides, namely a first telescopic mechanism and a second telescopic mechanism. The steps for controlling the battery swapping trolley and the sliding platform to transfer the battery pack include: Control the battery swapping trolley to move until the first tray is aligned with the sliding platform; Control the first telescopic mechanism to transfer the depleted battery pack on the sliding platform to the first tray; Control the battery swapping trolley to move until the second tray is aligned with the sliding platform; The second telescopic mechanism is controlled to transfer the fully charged battery pack from the second tray to the sliding platform.

[0031] In the above scheme, the battery packs are transferred by setting up a first tray and a second tray on a battery swapping trolley. The depleted battery packs on the sliding platform are transferred to the first tray, and the fully charged battery packs are placed on the second tray. The fully charged battery packs are then transferred from the second tray to the sliding platform. This eliminates the need for the battery swapping trolley to move back and forth, reduces the time the battery swapping trolley takes to travel from the swapping vehicle to the battery pack placement location, and improves the battery swapping efficiency.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects that the above-mentioned at least one technical solution adopted by the present invention can achieve include at least the following: by controlling the lifting component to drive the battery tray to rise, the sliding platform is higher than the support mechanism. At this time, the battery pack is separated from the support mechanism in the battery tray and is supported on the sliding platform, so that the battery pack moves on the sliding platform when entering and leaving the battery tray. Using this battery swapping method, the battery pack can be easily pushed in or removed from the side of the battery tray, avoiding the risk of the battery pack falling from above the vehicle. The operation process is safe. At the same time, this battery swapping method does not require the use of complex hoisting equipment, which simplifies the operation process. The battery swapping time is short and the efficiency is high, saving energy consumption in battery swapping operations. Furthermore, by setting a sliding platform that can be lifted and moved in the tractor, there is no need to use large hoisting equipment, saving space. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a battery swapping method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a battery holder provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery holder provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a translation component provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lifting component and a synchronization component provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of another battery holder provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a synchronization component provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a synchronization component and a lifting component cooperating according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of another battery holder provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a translation component and a synchronization component provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lifting component provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery swapping vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Among them, 0000 is the battery swapping station, 0001 is the battery swapping vehicle, 0002 is the battery bracket, 0003 is the charger, 0004 is the battery pack, 0005 is the control cabinet, 0006 is the battery swapping trolley, 00021 is the support block, 00022 is the locking component, 00023 is the sliding platform, 00025 is the translation component, 00026 is the lifting component, 00027 is the synchronization component, 00028 is the transition component, 00029 is the first electrical connection device, 000221 is the locking tongue, 000222 is the driving element, 000223 is the locking part, 000224 is the first connecting rod, 000231 is the frame, 000232 is the rolling element, 000251 is the first screw, 000252 is the first slider, 000253 is the first connecting plate, and 000254 is the second screw. 000255, Fourth slider, 000256, Second connecting plate, 000257, First lead screw, 000258, Second slider, 000261, Eccentric wheel, 000264, Lifting guide, 000265, Lifting component, 000266, Second lead screw, 000267, Third slider, 000268, Second connecting rod, 000271, First transmission wheel, 000272, First synchronous belt, 000273, Synchronous rod, 000274, First gear, 000275, Second gear, 000276, Third lead screw, 000277, Third gear, 000278, Gear pair, 000279, Second synchronous belt, 00061, Battery tray, 00062, Rotating roller, 00063, Base, 00065, Telescopic mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation methods of this application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this application from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0038] It should be noted that various aspects of embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It will be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any particular structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on this application, those skilled in the art will understand that one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways.

[0039] It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this application. The drawings only show the components related to this application and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the implementation.

[0040] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0041] A tractor unit refers to a large truck or semi-trailer whose cab and trailer are towed by a towing mechanism. This means the tractor unit can detach from its trailer to tow other trailers, and vice versa. The tractor unit with driving capability is called the tractor unit, and the trailer unit without driving capability is called the trailer. The trailer is towed by the tractor unit.

[0042] Generally, tractor units require strong traction, which means the battery packs they carry are also quite heavy. Current battery swapping methods involve disassembling or installing the battery packs using lifting devices or robotic arms. When disassembling the battery pack, these devices lift it off the tractor unit, and fully charged battery packs are then placed on the tractor unit. However, these methods are unsuitable for heavy battery packs, posing a risk of them falling during loading and unloading. Furthermore, proper alignment using these methods is difficult, requiring significant time and effort. Therefore, the challenge of handling heavy batteries needs to be addressed.

[0043] Existing hoisting battery swapping technologies are prone to battery pack detachment during hoisting. Furthermore, the battery packs are fixed to the rear of the cab at the four bottom corners without corresponding protective measures, posing a risk of tipping over and potentially injuring the driver. Additionally, the station requires a gantry frame, which occupies a large area and is complex to design. Moreover, hoisting requires unlocking via an onboard pneumatic system, necessitating vehicle modifications, and manual unlocking is prone to errors. Therefore, a new battery swapping trolley, battery locking mechanism, and battery pack charging rack allow the battery pack to move laterally between these components. A sliding platform and rolling mechanism facilitate the lateral transfer of the battery pack, avoiding the risk of falling. This method ensures safer operation, saves energy during battery swapping, simplifies lateral transport, increases efficiency, and shortens swapping time. The rolling mechanism reduces resistance, further saving energy, and eliminates the need for human intervention, thus improving safety.

[0044]

Example 1

[0045] Preferably, this embodiment also includes a track set at the bottom of the battery swapping trolley 0006 and a parking positioning mechanism. The battery swapping trolley 0006 and the battery pack 0004 constitute the battery swapping station 0000. When the battery swapping vehicle 0001 needs to replace the battery pack 0004, it enters the battery swapping station 0000 from the entrance and enters a certain position of the battery swapping station 0000. The parking positioning mechanism positions the battery swapping vehicle 0001 and controls the battery swapping trolley 0006 to move to the position of the battery swapping vehicle 0001 to perform the battery pack replacement operation when replacing the battery pack 0004. After the replacement is completed, the battery swapping vehicle 0001 exits the battery swapping station 0000 from the exit.

[0046] Among them, the battery pack 0004 can be detachably installed on the top of the vehicle beam of the battery swapping vehicle 0001 via the battery bracket 0002. The battery bracket 0002 is equipped with a support mechanism for supporting the battery pack 0004, a sliding platform that can be raised and lowered relative to the support mechanism, and a locking mechanism for locking the battery pack 0004.

[0047] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the battery bracket 0002 is installed above the beam of the battery swapping vehicle 0001, and the battery pack 0004 is placed on the battery bracket 0002 to supply power to the battery swapping vehicle 0001. The battery bracket 0002 has protective frames on both sides along the sliding direction of the battery pack 0004. After the battery pack 0004 is locked onto the battery swapping vehicle 0001 along the sliding direction, the protective frames on both sides of the battery pack 0004 effectively prevent dangerous situations such as the battery pack falling over during vehicle operation, preventing safety hazards to the cab and effectively ensuring the safety of the battery pack, vehicle, and driver during driving.

[0048] The battery swapping method provided in this application includes the following steps: before performing the battery pack disassembly or installation, controlling the sliding platform to rise to a high position above the support mechanism; after the battery pack of the battery swapping vehicle is unlocked or before a fully charged battery pack is installed, controlling the battery swapping trolley to transfer the battery pack relative to the sliding platform; after the fully charged battery pack is loaded on the battery tray, controlling the sliding platform to descend to a low position below the support mechanism to lock the fully charged battery pack. In this embodiment, a battery swapping trolley is used to remove and install the battery pack on the battery swapping vehicle. The battery pack is detachably installed on the battery swapping vehicle via a battery bracket. When removing the battery pack from the battery swapping vehicle, the locking mechanism first unlocks the battery pack, and then controls the sliding platform to rise to a position higher than the support mechanism, causing the battery pack to detach from the support unit. At this time, the sliding platform carries the battery pack, which facilitates the horizontal movement of the battery pack out of the battery swapping vehicle. The battery swapping trolley transfers the battery pack relative to the sliding platform, transferring the battery pack onto the battery swapping trolley. Then, the battery swapping trolley carries the fully charged battery pack. When installing the battery pack onto the battery swapping vehicle, the sliding platform first rises to a position higher than the support mechanism, and then moves the battery pack onto the sliding platform horizontally. Then, the sliding platform is lowered to a position lower than the support mechanism, carrying the battery pack on the support mechanism, and locking the fully charged battery pack onto the battery swapping vehicle. This embodiment uses a battery swapping trolley to transfer the battery pack from the side of the battery tray, thereby replacing the battery pack. This avoids the risk of the battery pack falling when replacing the battery pack using hoisting equipment. Furthermore, the battery tray equipment has a simple structure, occupies a small area, and is easy to operate, simplifying the work process. It also results in short battery swapping time, high efficiency, and energy savings in battery swapping operations.

[0049] Preferably, the battery tray is further provided with a drive mechanism for driving the sliding platform to move up and down and for unlocking the locking mechanism. The drive mechanism includes a transition member disposed on the end face of the battery tray facing the battery swapping trolley, the transition member being used to cooperate with the drive member disposed on the battery swapping trolley. Before the step of controlling the sliding platform to rise to a high position above the support mechanism, the battery swapping method in this embodiment further includes: controlling the battery swapping trolley to move to a position opposite to the battery tray, so that the drive member and the transition member are aligned. Further, after the step of controlling the battery swapping trolley to move to a position opposite to the battery tray, this embodiment also needs to control the drive member and the transition member to cooperate and connect.

[0050] Specifically, the battery tray is equipped with a drive mechanism for driving the sliding platform to move up and down and for unlocking the locking mechanism. The drive mechanism includes a transition component that cooperates with the drive component on the battery swapping trolley. This allows the power provided by the battery swapping trolley to drive the support mechanism, sliding platform, and locking mechanism on the battery tray, enabling the sliding platform to move up and down and the locking mechanism to unlock. This eliminates the need for an additional power source on the battery swapping vehicle or to rely on the vehicle's power source for locking and unlocking. The locking structure is simple and easy to install. When the battery pack is being replaced, the battery swapping trolley moves to the vehicle's location. To ensure more precise battery pack replacement, this invention controls the trolley to move to a position opposite the battery tray, aligning the drive component with the transition component. This prevents misalignment between the sliding platform and the trolley, which could lead to battery pack replacement failure or falling, thus improving the safety of the battery swapping process. Furthermore, the cooperation between the drive component and the transition component enables automation of the battery swapping process, eliminating the need for human intervention and improving personnel safety.

[0051] Preferably, the drive mechanism further includes a translation component that movably connects the locking mechanism to the battery tray and a lifting component that lifts and lowers the sliding platform to the battery tray. A transition piece is connected to the translation component, and the lifting component and the translation component are linked by a synchronization component.

[0052] In this embodiment, the step of controlling the sliding platform to rise to a higher position than the support mechanism, through the above structure, includes: controlling the drive component to rotate along a first direction to drive the translation component to move, causing the locking mechanism to move to the unlocked position; further controlling the drive component to rotate along the first direction to drive the lifting component to move, causing the sliding platform to rise to a higher position. In the above steps, the locking mechanism is unlocked first, and then the sliding platform is raised to a higher position, which avoids the situation where the sliding platform rises to a higher position when the battery pack is not unlocked, and ensures the safety of the battery pack, realizes automatic unlocking of the battery pack, and improves the conversion efficiency and battery swapping efficiency of the battery pack.

[0053] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the application, the step of controlling the sliding platform to descend to a low position below the support mechanism includes: controlling the drive member to rotate in the second direction to drive the lifting component to move, so that the sliding platform descends to a low position; further controlling the drive member to rotate in the second direction to drive the translation component to move, so that the locking mechanism moves to the locking position.

[0054] The second direction refers to the direction opposite to the first direction. When the control drive rotates along the second direction, it first drives the lifting component to move, causing the sliding platform to descend to the low position, and then drives the translation component to move the locking mechanism to the locking position.

[0055] Preferably, such as Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the support mechanism includes multiple support blocks 00021 mounted on the battery tray 0002; the locking mechanism includes multiple locking elements 00022 mounted on both sides along the battery pack transport direction; the translation assembly 00025 includes a first screw 000251 connected to the transition member 00028, a first slider 000252 cooperating with the first screw 000251, and a first connecting plate 000253 fixed to the first slider 000252 and connected to the locking elements 00022 on both sides; the lifting assembly 00026 includes multiple eccentric wheels fixed to the inner wall of the battery tray 0002. 000261; The synchronization component 00027 includes two first transmission wheels 000271 fixed at both ends of the outer side wall of the battery bracket 0002 and a first synchronous belt 000272 sleeved on the two first transmission wheels and fixedly connected to the first connecting plate 000253. The eccentric wheel 000261 is coaxially and rotatably arranged with the corresponding first transmission wheel 000271; The sliding platform 00023 includes a frame 000231 through which the support block 00021 passes and a plurality of rolling elements 000232 fixed on the frame 000231 and located between the support blocks 00021.

[0056] based on Figures 2 to 5 In this embodiment of the structure, controlling the drive member to rotate along a first direction to drive the translation component to move the locking mechanism to the unlocked position includes: controlling the drive member to rotate, causing the transition member and the first screw to rotate synchronously, causing the first slider to move along the first screw, and driving the locking component to move synchronously through the first connecting plate until the locking component moves to the unlocked position. Further controlling the drive member to rotate along the first direction to drive the lifting component to move the sliding platform to a high position includes: controlling the drive member to rotate further, causing the first synchronous belt and the transmission wheel to rotate synchronously during the movement of the first connecting plate, and causing the eccentric wheel to rotate synchronously until the frame is pushed to the high position.

[0057] Specifically, the drive component is connected to the transition component. When the drive component rotates in the first direction, it drives the first screw connected to the transition component to rotate, causing the first slider cooperating with the first screw to move along the first screw. This causes the first connecting plate fixed on the first slider to move synchronously with the locking components on both sides until the locking components move from the locked position to the unlocked position. During the further movement of the first connecting plate, it drives the first synchronous belt and the first transmission wheel fixedly connected to the first connecting plate to rotate synchronously. The first transmission wheel drives the coaxially rotating eccentric wheel to rotate synchronously. During the process of the locking component moving from the locked position to the unlocked position, the eccentric wheel moves away from the axis. The roller at the end of the hole moves within the groove on the frame. After the locking member moves to the unlocked position, the eccentric wheel rotates under the drive of the first transmission wheel, causing the roller at the end of the eccentric wheel away from the shaft hole to push the frame until it is pushed to the high position. At this time, the locking member continues to move under the drive of the first connecting plate, moving from the unlocked position to the preset position. The preset position refers to the position of the locking member when the frame is pushed to the high position. After unlocking the battery pack using the above method, the sliding platform is lifted to the high position. The operation is simple, saves time, and ensures the safety of battery pack replacement and reduces energy consumption.

[0058] Furthermore, in this embodiment, controlling the drive member to rotate in the second direction to drive the lifting assembly to lower the sliding platform to a low position includes: controlling the drive member to rotate, causing the first connecting plate and the first screw to rotate synchronously, causing the first slider to move along the first screw, driving the first synchronous belt and the first transmission wheel to rotate synchronously through the first connecting plate, driving the eccentric wheel to rotate synchronously, until the sliding platform is lowered to a low position. Further controlling the drive member to rotate in the second direction to drive the translation assembly to move the locking mechanism to a locking position includes: during the movement of the first connecting plate, driving the locking member to move synchronously until the locking member moves to the locking position.

[0059] Preferably, such as Figures 6 to 8As shown, the support mechanism includes multiple support blocks 00021 mounted on the battery holder 0002, and the locking mechanism includes multiple locking hooks mounted on both sides along the transport direction of the battery pack 0004. Each locking hook includes two first connecting rods 000224 hinged to each other. The ends of the two first connecting rods 000224 near the battery pack 0004 are respectively provided with locking portions 000223. The translation component 00025 includes two second sliders 000224 hinged to the other ends of the two first connecting rods 000224. 00258, and a first lead screw 000257 threadedly connected to the two second sliders 000258, the two second sliders 000258 being configured to move closer to or further away; the lifting assembly 00026 includes two second connecting rods 000268 hinged at one end and located below the sliding platform 00023, a second lead screw 000266 rotatably mounted on the battery bracket 0002, and a threaded connection to the second lead screw 000266 and the two second connecting rods 000268. Two third sliders 000267 are hinged at the other end. These three sliders are designed to move closer to or further away from each other. Multiple locking hooks and multiple lifting components 00026 located on the same side share a first lead screw 000257 and a second lead screw 000266, respectively. The synchronization component 00027 includes a first gear 000274 and a second gear 000275 that are synchronously rotatably connected to the first lead screw 000257 and the second lead screw 000266, respectively, and are threadedly engaged. The third lead screw 000276 and the third gear 000277 are arranged between the first gear 000274 and the second gear 000275, as well as the synchronous linkage transition piece 00028 and the gear pair 000278 and the second synchronous belt 000279 of the third lead screw 000276 on both sides; the sliding platform 00023 includes a frame 000231 through which the support blocks pass and a plurality of rolling elements 000232 fixed on the frame 000231 and located between the support blocks 00021.

[0060] based on Figures 6 to 8In this embodiment of the structure, controlling the drive member to rotate along the first direction to drive the translation component to move the locking mechanism to the unlocked position includes: controlling the drive member to rotate, driving the transition member to rotate, driving the third lead screw to rotate through the gear pair and the second synchronous belt, causing the third gear to move to mesh with the first gear, driving the first lead screw to rotate synchronously, causing the two second sliders to move closer together, driving the two locking parts to move closer together and gradually disengage from the locking groove provided on the battery pack, until the locking parts move to the unlocked position; further controlling the drive member to rotate along the first direction to drive the lifting component to move, causing the sliding platform to be lifted to a high position includes: controlling the drive member to rotate further, driving the third lead screw to rotate further through the transition member, the gear pair and the second synchronous belt, causing the third gear to move to mesh with the second gear, driving the second lead screw to rotate synchronously, causing the two third sliders to move closer together, driving the other ends of the two second connecting rods to move closer together, causing their top ends to gradually approach and push against the frame, until the frame is pushed to a high position.

[0061] Specifically, when the drive component rotates the transition component in the first direction, it drives the third lead screw to rotate synchronously via the gear pair and the second synchronous belt. This causes the third gear, which is threadedly connected to the third lead screw, to move axially along the third lead screw. When the locking hook is in the locked position, the third gear is located at the first position of the third lead screw. At the first position, the third gear meshes with the first gear. The movement of the third gear along the third lead screw causes the first lead screw, which is synchronously connected to the first gear, to rotate synchronously. This causes the two second sliders, which are threadedly connected to the first lead screw, to move closer to each other and gradually disengage from the locking groove on the battery pack until the locking part moves to the unlocked position. After the locking part moves to the locked position, the third gear no longer meshes with the first gear and continues to move to the second position on the third lead screw. When it reaches the second position, the third gear meshes with the second gear, causing the second lead screw, which is synchronously connected to the second gear, to rotate. This causes the two third sliders to move closer together, causing the other ends of the two second connecting rods to move closer together, so that their tops gradually approach and push against the frame until the frame is pushed to the high position. After unlocking the battery pack using the above method, the sliding platform is raised to the high position. The operation is simple, saves time, and ensures the safety of battery pack replacement while reducing energy consumption. Further, controlling the drive component to rotate in the second direction to drive the lifting assembly to lower the sliding platform to a low position includes: controlling the drive component to rotate, driving the third lead screw to rotate further through the transition component, gear pair, and second synchronous belt, causing the third gear to move to mesh with the second gear, driving the second lead screw to rotate synchronously, causing the two third sliders to move away from each other, causing the other ends of the two second connecting rods to move away from each other, so that their top ends gradually move away from each other and pull the frame until the frame is pulled to a low position; further controlling the drive component to rotate in the second direction to drive the translation assembly to move the locking mechanism to the locking position includes: controlling the drive component to rotate further, driving the transition component to rotate, driving the third lead screw to rotate through the gear pair and second synchronous belt, causing the third gear to move to mesh with the first gear, driving the first lead screw to rotate synchronously, causing the two second sliders to move away from each other, causing the two locking parts to move away from each other and gradually engage with the locking groove provided on the battery pack, until the locking parts move to the locking position.

[0062] Preferably, such as Figures 9 to 11 As shown, the support mechanism includes multiple support blocks 00021 mounted on the battery tray 0002; the locking mechanism includes a locking tongue 000221 and a driving element 000222 connected to each other; the translation assembly 00025 includes a second screw 000254 rotatably mounted on the battery tray 0002, a fourth slider 000255 threadedly connected to the second screw 000254, and a second connecting plate 000256 fixed to the fourth slider 000255 and connected to both sides of the locking tongue 000221; the lifting assembly 00026 includes a lifting guide 000264 and a lifting element 000265 abutting each other, with the lifting guide 000264 connected to the second connecting plate 0002. 56 and has a lifting guide surface that abuts against the lifting member 000265, the lifting member 000265 being rotatably connected to the sliding platform 00023; the synchronization component 00027 includes a synchronization rod 000273 connecting two lifting guide surfaces located on the same side along the transfer direction of the battery pack 0004, and an unlocking drive block (not shown in the figure) mounted on the second connecting plate 000256; the sliding platform 00023 includes a frame 000231 through which the support block passes and a plurality of rolling elements 000232 fixed on the frame 000231 and located between the support blocks 00021; the drive member is fixedly connected to the second screw 000254 to drive the second screw 000254 to rotate synchronously.

[0063] based on Figures 9 to 11In the structure described in this application embodiment, controlling the drive member to rotate along a first direction to drive the translation component to move the locking mechanism to the unlock position includes: controlling the drive member to rotate, driving the second screw to rotate synchronously, causing the fourth slider to move along the second screw, driving the unlocking drive block to move synchronously through the second connecting plate, causing the drive element to move along the limiting groove provided on the unlocking drive block to drive the lock tongue to gradually disengage from the fixing plate on the battery pack, until the lock tongue retracts to the unlock position; further controlling the drive member to rotate along the first direction to drive the lifting component to move, causing the sliding platform to rise to a high position includes: controlling the drive member to rotate further, during the movement of the second connecting plate, driving the lifting guide component to move through the second connecting plate, causing the lifting component to rise along the lifting guide surface until the frame is pushed to a high position.

[0064] Specifically, the driving component is fixedly connected to the second screw, controlling the driving component to rotate in the first direction. Through the second screw and the fourth slider, the second connecting plate is moved. The second connecting plate drives the unlocking driving block to move synchronously, causing the driving element to move along the limiting groove set on the unlocking driving block until the locking tongue gradually disengages from the fixed plate on the battery pack until the locking tongue retracts to the unlock position, thereby unlocking the battery pack. During the movement of the second connecting plate, the lifting guide connected to the second connecting plate is moved, causing the lifting component that abuts against the lifting guide to rise along the lifting guide surface, driving the sliding platform that is rotatably connected to the lifting component to rise until the frame is pushed to the high position. After unlocking the battery pack through the above method, the sliding platform is raised to the high position. The operation method is simple, saves time, and ensures the safety of battery pack replacement and reduces energy consumption.

[0065] Further, controlling the drive component to rotate in the second direction to drive the lifting assembly to move and lower the sliding platform to a low position includes: controlling the drive component to rotate, driving the second screw to rotate synchronously, causing the fourth slider to move along the second screw, driving the second connecting plate to move synchronously, and during the movement of the second connecting plate, driving the lifting guide component to move through the second connecting plate, causing the lifting component to descend along the lifting guide surface until the frame is pushed to a low position; further controlling the drive component to rotate in the second direction to drive the translation assembly to move and move the locking mechanism to the locking position includes: the second connecting plate driving the unlocking drive block to move synchronously, causing the drive element to move along the limiting groove provided on the unlocking drive block to drive the lock tongue to gradually press against the fixing plate on the battery pack until the lock tongue extends to the locking position.

[0066] Preferably, such as Figure 3As shown, the top surface of the battery tray is provided with a first electrical connection device 00029, and the bottom surface of the battery pack is provided with a second electrical connection device (not shown in the figure) that matches the first electrical connection device 00029. The first electrical connection device 00029 has a compression floating amount in a direction perpendicular to the top surface of the battery tray. During the process of disassembling the battery pack, the step of controlling the sliding platform to rise to a high position above the support mechanism further includes: during the process of the lifting component moving to raise the sliding platform to a high position, the battery pack is simultaneously raised, so that the first electrical connection device is disengaged from the second electrical connection device. During the process of installing the battery pack, the step of controlling the sliding platform to descend to a low position below the support mechanism further includes: during the process of controlling the lifting component moving to lower the sliding platform to a low position, the battery pack is simultaneously lowered, so that the first electrical connection device and the second electrical connection device are electrically connected. The first electrical connection device and the second electrical connection device, along with the compression and floating amount of the first electrical connection device in a direction perpendicular to the top surface of the battery bracket, ensure the safety of the battery pack during disassembly and installation. Furthermore, the compression and floating amount prevents damage to the first and second electrical connection devices due to direct contact or misalignment during contact, thus avoiding damage to the battery pack.

[0067] Preferably, in this embodiment of the application, the step of controlling the battery swapping trolley to transfer the battery pack relative to the sliding platform includes: controlling the battery swapping trolley to transfer the depleted battery pack from the sliding platform of the battery swapping vehicle; and / or, controlling the battery swapping trolley to transfer the fully charged battery pack to the sliding platform. Specifically, when removing the depleted battery pack from the battery swapping vehicle, the battery swapping trolley is controlled to transfer the depleted battery pack from the sliding platform of the battery swapping vehicle; when installing the fully charged battery pack onto the battery swapping vehicle, the battery swapping trolley is controlled to transfer the fully charged battery pack to the sliding platform.

[0068] like Figure 12 As shown, the battery tray 0002 is also provided with a limiting plate (not shown in the figure) that limits the battery pack from the front and rear sides of the battery pack 0004 along the transfer direction of the battery pack 0004. The battery swapping trolley 0006 has a telescopic mechanism 00065 that can telescopically move toward the battery pack 0004. The steps of controlling the battery swapping trolley to transfer the depleted battery pack from the sliding platform of the battery swapping vehicle include: controlling the telescopic mechanism to extend toward the battery pack and connect with the battery pack; controlling the telescopic mechanism to retract to drive the battery pack to the battery swapping trolley. The steps of controlling the battery swapping trolley to transfer the fully charged battery pack to the sliding platform include: controlling the telescopic mechanism to connect with the battery pack; controlling the telescopic mechanism to extend to drive the battery pack to the sliding platform; controlling the telescopic mechanism to detach from the battery pack and retract to the initial position on the battery swapping trolley.

[0069] Furthermore, the battery swapping trolley 0006 includes a base 00063 with a walking mechanism at its bottom, a battery tray 00061 that is liftable and height-adjustable on the base, a rotating roller 00062 at least at its bottom of the battery tray 00061, and a telescopic mechanism 00065 disposed at a preset height position on corresponding sides of the base. The preset height refers to a height at which the vertical distance between the telescopic mechanism 00065 and the battery tray 00061 matches the vertical distance between the sliding platform on the battery holder 0002 and the component on the battery pack connected to the telescopic mechanism.

[0070] In this embodiment of the application, the step of controlling the battery swapping trolley to move to a position opposite to the battery tray includes: controlling the walking mechanism to drive the battery swapping trolley to a horizontal position aligned with the battery tray; and controlling the battery tray to move up and down to a height position level with the sliding platform.

[0071] Specifically, the walking mechanism drives the battery swapping trolley to a horizontal position aligned with the battery tray. Then, the battery tray is raised and lowered to a height level with the sliding platform. The battery pack is fixed in place by a telescopic mechanism with a preset height. The battery pack is then transferred between the sliding platform and the battery tray. The battery tray has at least a rotating roller at its bottom, and the battery pack slides on the rolling elements on the sliding platform, reducing friction during the transfer of the battery pack and thus reducing energy consumption.

[0072] Preferably, there are two battery swapping trolleys, namely a first battery swapping trolley and a second battery swapping trolley. The steps of controlling the transfer of battery packs between the battery swapping trolleys and the sliding platform include: controlling the first battery swapping trolley to transfer the depleted battery pack from the sliding platform of the battery swapping vehicle; and controlling the second battery swapping trolley to transfer the fully charged battery pack to the sliding platform.

[0073] Specifically, by using a first battery swapping trolley to transfer a depleted battery pack and a second battery swapping trolley to transfer a fully charged battery pack to the sliding platform, a dual-trolley battery swapping mode is achieved. This reduces the time it takes for the battery swapping trolleys to travel from the swapping vehicle to the battery pack placement location, thereby improving battery swapping efficiency.

[0074] Preferably, the battery swapping cart has two battery trays, namely a first tray and a second tray, and each of the two battery trays is provided with a telescopic mechanism on both sides, namely a first telescopic mechanism and a second telescopic mechanism. The steps for controlling the battery swapping cart to transfer battery packs between the cart and the sliding platform include: controlling the battery swapping cart to move until the first tray is aligned with the sliding platform; controlling the first telescopic mechanism to move to transfer the depleted battery pack from the sliding platform to the first tray; controlling the battery swapping cart to move until the second tray is aligned with the sliding platform; and controlling the second telescopic mechanism to transfer the fully charged battery pack from the second tray to the sliding platform.

[0075] Specifically, by setting up a first tray and a second tray on a battery swapping trolley, the battery packs are transferred. The depleted battery packs on the sliding platform are transferred to the first tray, and the fully charged battery packs are placed on the second tray. The fully charged battery packs are then transferred from the second tray to the sliding platform. This eliminates the need for the battery swapping trolley to move back and forth, reducing the time it takes for the trolley to travel from the swapping vehicle to the battery pack placement location and improving battery swapping efficiency.

[0076]

Example 2

[0077] For example, when replacing battery packs using the third and fourth battery swapping trolleys, the battery swapping vehicle stops at a certain position. After the third battery swapping trolley aligns with the battery swapping vehicle, the depleted battery pack from the third battery swapping vehicle is transferred to its battery tray. Then, the depleted battery pack is transferred to the battery pack charging rack for charging. Simultaneously, the fourth battery swapping trolley on the opposite side carries a fully charged battery pack from the charging rack to the battery swapping vehicle for alignment. After the third battery swapping trolley removes the depleted battery pack from the battery swapping vehicle, the fourth battery swapping trolley transfers the fully charged battery pack to the battery swapping vehicle, completing the battery swap. This cooperation between the third and fourth battery swapping trolleys saves swapping time, avoids interference between the trolleys, and improves swapping efficiency.

[0078]

Example 3

[0079] For example, the left and right battery swapping trolleys working together will be used as an example for explanation. Specifically, the function is the same as that of the third and fourth battery swapping trolleys in Embodiment 2. One of the battery swapping trolleys can be either the left or right battery swapping trolley. Taking the left battery swapping trolley as an example, it removes the depleted battery pack 0004 from the battery swapping vehicle and places it on the corresponding battery pack charging rack. The other battery swapping trolley can be either the right or left battery swapping trolley. Corresponding to the left battery swapping trolley mentioned above, here it is the right battery swapping trolley. It carries the fully charged battery pack from the corresponding battery pack charging rack to the battery swapping vehicle and installs the fully charged battery pack 0004 onto the battery swapping vehicle 0001 to complete the battery swapping.

[0080] It should be noted that, after completing the removal or installation of the battery pack for one battery swapping vehicle, the left and right battery swapping trolleys can move to other battery swapping vehicles to perform the swapping operation. This embodiment further reduces operation time, thereby improving battery swapping efficiency and reducing energy consumption.

[0081] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the method embodiments described later are relatively simple in description because they correspond to the system; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the system embodiments.

[0082] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery swapping method, wherein a battery swapping vehicle is used to remove or install a battery pack, characterized in that, The battery pack is detachably mounted on the top of the vehicle beam of the battery swapping vehicle via a battery bracket. The battery bracket is equipped with a support mechanism for supporting the battery pack, a sliding platform that can be raised and lowered relative to the support mechanism, and a locking mechanism for locking the battery pack. The battery swapping method includes the following steps: Before performing battery removal or installation, control the sliding platform to be raised to a position higher than the support mechanism. After the battery pack of the battery swapping vehicle is unlocked or before a fully charged battery pack is installed, the battery swapping trolley is controlled to transfer the battery pack relative to the sliding platform. After a fully charged battery pack is placed on the battery tray, the sliding platform is lowered to a position below the support mechanism to lock the fully charged battery pack.

2. The battery swapping method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery tray is also provided with a drive mechanism for driving the sliding platform to move up and down and for unlocking the locking mechanism. The drive mechanism includes a transition piece disposed on the end face of the battery tray facing the battery swapping trolley. The transition piece is used to cooperate with the drive piece disposed on the battery swapping trolley. Prior to the step of controlling the sliding platform to rise to a position higher than the support mechanism, the battery swapping method further includes: Control the battery swapping trolley to move to a position opposite to the battery tray, so that the drive unit is aligned with the transition unit.

3. The battery swapping method according to claim 2, characterized in that, After the step of controlling the battery swapping cart to move to a position opposite to the battery tray, the battery swapping method further includes: Control the connection between the drive component and the transition component.

4. The battery swapping method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive mechanism further includes a translation component that movably connects the locking mechanism to the battery tray and a lifting component that lifts the sliding platform to the battery tray. The transition piece is connected to the translation component, and the lifting component and the translation component are linked by a synchronization component. The step of controlling the sliding platform to be raised to a position higher than the support mechanism includes: The driving component is controlled to rotate along the first direction to drive the translation component to move, thereby moving the locking mechanism to the unlocked position; Further control the drive component to rotate along the first direction to drive the lifting assembly to lift the sliding platform to a high position; And / or, The step of controlling the sliding platform to descend to a low position below the support mechanism includes: The drive component is controlled to rotate in the second direction to drive the lifting assembly to move, so that the sliding platform is lowered to a low position. The driving component is further controlled to rotate in the second direction to drive the translation component to move, so that the locking mechanism moves to the locking position.

5. The battery swapping method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of controlling the battery swapping trolley to transfer the battery pack relative to the sliding platform includes: Control the battery swapping trolley to transfer the depleted battery pack from the sliding platform of the battery swapping vehicle; And / or, The battery swapping trolley is controlled to transfer a fully charged battery pack onto the sliding platform.

6. The battery swapping method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The battery bracket is also provided with a limiting plate that limits the battery pack from both sides along the transfer direction of the battery pack, and the battery swapping trolley has a telescopic mechanism that can telescopically move toward the battery pack. The step of controlling the battery swapping trolley to transfer the depleted battery pack from the sliding platform of the battery swapping vehicle includes: Control the telescopic mechanism to extend toward the battery pack and connect to the battery pack; Control the telescopic mechanism to retract, so as to transfer the battery pack to the battery swapping trolley; And / or, The step of controlling the battery swapping trolley to transfer the fully charged battery pack to the sliding platform includes: Control the connection between the telescopic mechanism and the battery pack; The telescopic mechanism is extended to transfer the battery pack onto the sliding platform; Control the telescopic mechanism to detach from the battery pack and retract to its initial position on the battery swapping trolley.

7. The battery swapping method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The battery swapping trolley includes a base with a walking mechanism at the bottom, a battery tray that can be lifted and lowered on the base, a rotating roller at least at the bottom of the battery tray, and a telescopic mechanism at a preset height position on the corresponding two sides of the base. The step of controlling the battery swapping trolley to move to a position opposite to the battery tray includes: The walking mechanism is controlled to move the battery swapping trolley to a horizontal position aligned with the battery bracket; Control the battery tray to move up and down to a height level with the sliding platform.

8. The battery swapping method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support mechanism includes multiple support blocks disposed on the battery bracket, the locking mechanism includes multiple locking members disposed on both sides along the transport direction of the battery pack, and the translation component includes a first screw connected to the transition member, a first slider cooperating with the first screw, and a first connecting plate fixed to the first slider and connected to the locking members on both sides. The lifting assembly includes multiple eccentric wheels fixed to the inner sidewall of the battery bracket; The synchronization component includes two first transmission wheels fixed at both ends of the outer side wall of the battery bracket and a first synchronization belt sleeved on the two first transmission wheels and fixedly connected to the first connecting plate. The eccentric wheel is coaxially and rotatably arranged with the corresponding first transmission wheel. The sliding platform includes a frame through which the support blocks pass and multiple rolling elements fixed to the frame and located between the support blocks; Controlling the drive component to rotate along a first direction to drive the translation component to move the locking mechanism to the unlocked position includes: Controlling the rotation of the drive component causes the transition component to rotate synchronously with the first screw, causing the first slider to move along the first screw, and driving the locking component to move synchronously through the first connecting plate until the locking component moves to the unlocked position; The further control of the drive component to rotate along the first direction to drive the lifting assembly to raise the sliding platform to a high position includes: The drive component is controlled to rotate further. During the movement of the first connecting plate, the first synchronous belt and the first transmission wheel rotate synchronously, which in turn drives the eccentric wheel to rotate synchronously until the frame is pushed to the high position.

9. The battery swapping method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support mechanism includes multiple support blocks disposed on the battery tray, and the locking mechanism includes multiple locking hooks disposed on both sides along the transport direction of the battery pack. Each locking hook includes two first connecting rods hinged to each other. The two first connecting rods are respectively provided with locking parts at one end near the battery pack. The translation component includes two second sliders respectively hinged to the other ends of the two first connecting rods, and a first lead screw threadedly connected to the two second sliders. The two second sliders are configured to move closer to or further away from each other. The lifting assembly includes two second connecting rods hinged at one end and located below the sliding platform, a second lead screw rotatably mounted on the battery bracket, and two third sliders threadedly connected to the second lead screw and hinged to the other ends of the two second connecting rods. The two third sliders are configured to move closer to or further away from each other. The multiple locking hooks and multiple lifting assemblies located on the same side share the first lead screw and the second lead screw respectively; The synchronization component includes a first gear and a second gear that are synchronously rotatably connected to the first lead screw and the second lead screw, a third lead screw and a third gear that are threadedly connected and disposed between the first gear and the second gear, and a gear pair and a second timing belt that synchronously link the transition piece and the third lead screw on both sides. The sliding platform includes a frame through which the support blocks pass and multiple rolling elements fixed to the frame and located between the support blocks; Controlling the drive component to rotate along a first direction to drive the translation component to move the locking mechanism to the unlocked position includes: Controlling the rotation of the drive component drives the rotation of the transition component, which in turn drives the rotation of the third lead screw through the gear pair and the second synchronous belt. This causes the third gear to move and mesh with the first gear, which in turn drives the first lead screw to rotate synchronously. This causes the two second sliders to move closer together, which in turn causes the two locking parts to move closer together and gradually disengage from the locking groove provided on the battery pack, until the locking parts move to the unlocked position. The further control of the drive component to rotate along the first direction to drive the lifting assembly to raise the sliding platform to a high position includes: The drive component is controlled to rotate further, and the third lead screw is driven to rotate further through the transition component, the gear pair and the second synchronous belt, so that the third gear moves to mesh with the second gear, and drives the second lead screw to rotate synchronously, so that the two third sliders move closer to each other, and drive the other ends of the two second connecting rods to move closer to each other, so that their top ends gradually approach and push against the frame, until the frame is pushed to the high position.

10. The battery swapping method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support mechanism includes multiple support blocks disposed on the battery tray, the locking mechanism includes a locking tongue and a driving element connected to each other, and the translation component includes a second screw rotatably disposed on the battery tray, a fourth slider threadedly connected to the second screw, and a second connecting plate fixed to the fourth slider and connected to the locking tongue on both sides. The lifting assembly includes a lifting guide and a lifting member that abut against each other. The lifting guide is connected to the second connecting plate and has a lifting guide surface that abuts against the lifting member. The lifting member is rotatably connected to the sliding platform. The synchronization component includes a synchronization rod connecting two lifting guides located on the same side along the battery pack transfer direction, and an unlocking drive block installed on the second connecting plate; The sliding platform includes a frame through which the support blocks pass and multiple rolling elements fixed to the frame and located between the support blocks; The driving component is fixedly connected to the second screw to drive the second screw to rotate synchronously; Controlling the drive component to rotate along a first direction to drive the translation component to move the locking mechanism to the unlocked position includes: Controlling the rotation of the drive component drives the second screw to rotate synchronously, causing the fourth slider to move along the second screw. This, in turn, drives the unlocking drive block to move synchronously via the second connecting plate. The drive element moves along the limiting groove on the unlocking drive block until it causes the latch to gradually disengage from the fixing plate on the battery pack, until the latch retracts to the unlocked position. The further control of the drive component to rotate along the first direction to drive the lifting assembly to raise the sliding platform to a high position includes: The drive component is controlled to rotate further. During the movement of the second connecting plate, the lifting guide component is moved by the second connecting plate, so that the lifting component rises along the lifting guide surface until the frame is pushed to the high position.

11. The battery swapping method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top surface of the battery tray is provided with a first electrical connection device, and the bottom surface of the battery pack is provided with a second electrical connection device that matches the first electrical connection device. The first electrical connection device has a compression float in a direction perpendicular to the top surface of the battery tray. During the battery pack disassembly process, the step of controlling the sliding platform to rise to a higher position than the support mechanism further includes: During the process of the lifting component raising the sliding platform to a high position, the battery pack is raised synchronously, causing the first electrical connection device to disconnect from the second electrical connection device. During the battery pack installation process, the step of controlling the sliding platform to descend to a low position below the support mechanism further includes: During the process of controlling the lifting component to lower the sliding platform to a low position, the battery pack descends synchronously, causing the first electrical connection device to be electrically connected to the second electrical connection device.

12. The battery swapping method according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two battery swapping vehicles, designated as the first battery swapping vehicle and the second battery swapping vehicle. The step of controlling the battery swapping trolley to transfer the battery pack relative to the sliding platform includes: Control the first battery swapping trolley to transfer the depleted battery pack from the sliding platform of the battery swapping vehicle; The second battery swapping trolley is controlled to transfer the fully charged battery pack to the sliding platform.

13. The battery swapping method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery swapping cart has two battery trays, namely a first tray and a second tray, and each of the two battery trays is equipped with a telescopic mechanism on both sides, namely a first telescopic mechanism and a second telescopic mechanism. The step of controlling the battery swapping trolley to transfer the battery pack relative to the sliding platform includes: Control the battery swapping trolley to move until the first tray is aligned with the sliding platform; Control the first telescopic mechanism to transfer the depleted battery pack on the sliding platform to the first tray; Control the battery swapping trolley to move until the second tray is aligned with the sliding platform; The second telescopic mechanism is controlled to transfer the fully charged battery pack from the second tray to the sliding platform.

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