A drill head for a drilling apparatus

Abstract

The application discloses a drilling head for preventing deviation of a drilling device, which is characterized by comprising helical blades, a drill collar, a supporting assembly and a drilling assembly, wherein the helical blades are arranged on the side surface of the drill collar in a helical manner, are used for discharging well bottom debris and righting the drilling assembly, the supporting assembly is arranged at the end of the drill collar and is used for supporting a drill bit, and the drilling assembly is arranged on the supporting assembly and is used for drilling and reaming after positioning. The supporting assembly is composed of a connecting block, a reinforcing rib, a secondary drill bit base body and a primary drill bit base body, and the drilling assembly is composed of a fixing block, a scraping drill bit, a chip removal port, a positioning drill bit, a chip guide groove, a rock breaking drill bit and a reaming drill bit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an anti-deviation drill probe for drilling equipment, belonging to the technical field of drilling equipment. In particular, it relates to a drill probe that is positioned by a positioning drill bit, with a cuttings discharge port cooperating with a rock-breaking drill bit to discharge cuttings, and a spiral blade that carries out the cuttings while simultaneously straightening the drill bit, facilitating the discharge of cuttings and preventing the drill probe from deviating during drilling. Background Technology

[0002] During coalfield geological drilling, drilling equipment is typically used to drill boreholes at the coalfield's mining face for sampling. Due to the uneven drillability and tilt of the formations, the drilling equipment is prone to deviation during the drilling process, leading to borehole tilting, causing borehole collapse accidents and borehole abandonment. Currently, full-hole drill strings are commonly used to prevent borehole tilting. A full-hole drill string generally consists of 3 to 5 stabilizers with an outer diameter similar to the drill bit diameter and some drill collars with a larger outer diameter. Full-hole drill strings have high rigidity and a small gap with the wellbore, making them less prone to bending under high drill pressure, thus keeping the drill string centered in the well and reducing the drill bit's tilt angle. However, because the gap between the stabilizers and the wellbore is very small and the drilling speed is high, rock cuttings generated during drilling can easily accumulate around the stabilizers, leading to drill bit jamming and stuck drill bits. Furthermore, currently commonly used polycrystalline diamond cutting tooth alloy drill bits mainly achieve downhole drilling through scraping motion. However, the main scraping element of polycrystalline diamond cutting tooth alloy drill bits has difficulty effectively drilling into rock when facing large areas of hard formations. Applying pressure to the drill bit can cause the drill string near the drill bit to bend, and the drill bit is prone to deviation.

[0003] Publication number CN112761527B discloses an automatic anti-deviation drilling device, which consists of four parts: a drill bit section, a rotating section, a transmission chamber, and an anti-deviation wing device. The drill bit section is equipped with a monitoring device, which includes a built-in well depth measuring instrument. The rotating shaft section is equipped with a centering device, and the transmission chamber contains a transmission gear set that provides power to the anti-deviation wing device. The anti-deviation wing device contains a control ball; when well deviation occurs, the control ball triggers the inlet and outlet oil valves, causing the hydraulic column to extend and interact with the well wall, returning the drill string to a vertical position. This device can prevent drill bit deviation during drilling and facilitate the flow of rock debris. However, it requires the installation of a monitoring device and an anti-deviation wing device, resulting in a complex structure and high cost. Furthermore, when well deviation occurs, the hydraulic column interacts with the well wall to return the drill string to a vertical position, which is detrimental to ensuring the integrity of the well wall.

[0004] Publication number CN207436948U discloses a drill bit for geological exploration to prevent deviation, including a drill rod and a drill bit. The drill rod has a drill bit interface at its bottom, and the inner bottom of the drill bit interface has an internal thread structure. First bearings are evenly spaced on the outer wall of the drill rod, and the first bearings are rotatably connected to the drill rod. Telescopic cylinders are laterally arranged on the outer walls of the opposite sides of the first bearings. Each telescopic cylinder has a telescopic cavity, and the end of the telescopic cavity furthest from the first bearing has an opening. This drill bit can maintain the stability of its bottom when the drill rod rotates downwards, preventing deviation. However, rock cuttings generated during drilling easily accumulate around the drill bit, leading to jamming or stuck drill bits. Furthermore, this drill bit is difficult to effectively drill into large areas of hard rock formations, and applying pressure to the drill bit can cause the drill bit near the drill bit to bend, making the drill bit prone to deviation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To improve the above situation, the present invention provides a drill bit for drilling equipment that is positioned by a positioning drill bit, with a chip removal port cooperating with a rock-breaking drill bit to remove chips, and a spiral blade that carries out the chips while simultaneously straightening the drill bit. This facilitates chip removal and prevents chip blockage that could cause the drill bit to become stuck or jammed, thus preventing the drill bit from shifting during drilling.

[0006] The anti-deviation drilling probe for drilling equipment of the present invention is implemented as follows: The anti-deviation drilling probe for drilling equipment of the present invention includes a spiral blade, a drill collar, a support assembly, and a drilling assembly.

[0007] The feature is that the spiral blades are positioned on the side of the drill collar to discharge cuttings from the bottom of the well while simultaneously straightening the drilling assembly; the support assembly is positioned at one end of the drill collar to support the drilling assembly; and the drilling assembly is placed on the support assembly for borehole positioning and borehole reaming.

[0008] The drill collar has a cylindrical structure.

[0009] The support assembly consists of a connecting block, reinforcing ribs, a secondary drill bit base, and a main drill bit base.

[0010] A connecting block is placed on the drill collar. The connecting block has a cylindrical structure and a diameter larger than that of the drill collar.

[0011] The main drill bit body is placed on the connecting block. The main drill bit body has a cylindrical structure and its diameter is larger than that of the connecting block.

[0012] The auxiliary drill bit base is placed on the main drill bit base. The auxiliary drill bit base has a conical structure, and its diameter is smaller than that of the main drill bit base.

[0013] The reinforcing rib is placed on the side of the connecting block, and the reinforcing rib is a triangular pyramidal structure with an arc-shaped side.

[0014] Preferably, there are multiple reinforcing ribs, and the multiple reinforcing ribs are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the side of the connecting block.

[0015] The drilling assembly consists of a fixing block, a scraping drill bit, a chip removal port, a positioning drill bit, a chip guide groove, a rock-breaking drill bit, and a reaming drill bit.

[0016] The fixing block is placed on the side of the main drill bit base. The fixing block has an arc-shaped structure, and its width gradually decreases from one end to the other.

[0017] Preferably, there are multiple fixing blocks, and the multiple fixing blocks are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the side surface of the main drill bit base.

[0018] One side of the fixing block is connected to the bottom of the reinforcing rib, and they correspond one-to-one.

[0019] The scraping drill bit is embedded in the fixing block.

[0020] The reaming drill bit is placed on the main drill bit base.

[0021] Preferably, the reaming drill bit has an arc-shaped structure, and there are multiple reaming drill bits arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the main drill bit base.

[0022] The rock-breaking drill bit is positioned on the side of the auxiliary drill bit base.

[0023] Preferably, the rock-breaking drill bit has an arc-shaped structure, and there are multiple rock-breaking drill bits arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential side of the auxiliary drill bit base.

[0024] The auxiliary drill bit base has a chip removal port on its side, which corresponds to the rock-breaking drill bit, and one side of the chip removal port is connected to one side of the rock-breaking drill bit.

[0025] The rock-breaking drill bit has a cuttings guide groove, which is connected to the cuttings discharge port.

[0026] Preferably, the chip guide groove has an arc-shaped structure, and there are multiple chip guide grooves arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the rock-breaking drill bit.

[0027] The positioning drill bit is located at the center of one end of the auxiliary drill bit base, and the positioning drill bit has a conical structure.

[0028] Furthermore, the chip guide groove has built-in guide chip teeth.

[0029] Preferably, there are multiple guide chip teeth, and the multiple guide chip teeth are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the chip guide groove;

[0030] Furthermore, the scraping drill bit has recessed grooves.

[0031] Preferably, the width of the recessed groove gradually decreases in an arc shape from one end to the other, and there are multiple recessed grooves, which are arranged at equal intervals along the central spiral circumference of the scraping drill bit.

[0032] Beneficial effects

[0033] First, the chip removal port, in conjunction with the rock-breaking drill bit, facilitates the removal of chips and prevents chip blockage that could cause the drill bit to become stuck or jammed.

[0034] Second, the spiral blades can carry out the cuttings from the bottom of the well while straightening the drill bit, which can prevent the drill bit from deviating during the drilling process.

[0035] Third, it has a simple structure and is convenient and practical.

[0036] Fourth, it is low-cost and easy to promote. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an anti-deviation drilling probe for drilling equipment according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary drill bit base of an anti-deviation drilling probe for drilling equipment according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an anti-deviation drilling probe for drilling equipment according to the present invention, which only shows the structure of the support component and the drilling component.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the anti-deviation drilling probe for drilling equipment according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of the anti-deviation drilling probe for drilling equipment according to the present invention;

[0042] In the attached diagram

[0043] The components include: spiral blade (1), drill collar (2), connecting block (3), reinforcing rib (4), fixing block (5), scraping drill bit (6), chip removal port (7), positioning drill bit (8), chip guide groove (9), rock breaking drill bit (10), auxiliary drill bit base (11), reaming drill bit (12), main drill bit base (13), guide cutting teeth (14), and recessed groove (15). Detailed implementation method:

[0044] Example 1:

[0045] The anti-deviation drilling probe for drilling equipment of the present invention is implemented as follows: The anti-deviation drilling probe for drilling equipment of the present invention includes a spiral blade (1), a drill collar (2), a support assembly, and a drilling assembly.

[0046] The drill collar (2) is characterized by having a cylindrical structure, with the spiral blade (1) positioned on the side of the drill collar (2) to discharge cuttings from the bottom of the well while simultaneously straightening the drilling assembly. A support assembly is positioned at one end of the drill collar (2) to support the drilling assembly. The drilling assembly is placed on the support assembly and is used for borehole positioning and reaming.

[0047] The support assembly consists of a connecting block (3), a reinforcing rib (4), a secondary drill bit base (11), and a main drill bit base (13).

[0048] A connecting block (3) is placed on the drill collar (2). The connecting block (3) has a cylindrical structure and a diameter larger than that of the drill collar (2).

[0049] The main drill bit base (13) is placed on the connecting block (3). The main drill bit base (13) has a cylindrical structure and its diameter is larger than that of the connecting block (3).

[0050] The auxiliary drill bit base (11) is placed on the main drill bit base (13). The auxiliary drill bit base (11) has a conical structure, and the diameter of the auxiliary drill bit base (11) is smaller than the diameter of the main drill bit base (13).

[0051] The reinforcing rib (4) is placed on the side of the connecting block (3), and the reinforcing rib (4) is a triangular pyramidal structure with an arc-shaped side.

[0052] Preferably, there are multiple reinforcing ribs (4), and the multiple reinforcing ribs (4) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the side of the connecting block (3).

[0053] The drilling assembly consists of a fixing block (5), a scraping drill bit (6), a chip removal port (7), a positioning drill bit (8), a chip guide groove (9), a rock breaking drill bit (10), and a reaming drill bit (12).

[0054] The fixing block (5) is placed on the side of the main drill bit base (13). The fixing block (5) has an arc-shaped structure, and the width of the fixing block (5) gradually decreases from one end to the other.

[0055] Preferably, there are multiple fixing blocks (5), and the multiple fixing blocks (5) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the side of the main drill bit base (13).

[0056] One side of the fixing block (5) is connected to the bottom of the reinforcing rib (4), and they correspond one-to-one.

[0057] The scraping drill bit (6) is embedded in the fixing block (5) and is adapted to the fixing block (5).

[0058] The reaming drill bit (12) is placed on the main drill bit body (13).

[0059] Preferably, the reaming drill bit (12) has an arc-shaped structure, and there are multiple reaming drill bits (12), which are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the main drill bit base (13).

[0060] The rock-breaking drill bit (10) is placed on the side of the auxiliary drill bit base (11).

[0061] Preferably, the rock-breaking drill bit (10) has an arc-shaped structure, and there are multiple rock-breaking drill bits (10), which are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential side of the auxiliary drill bit base (11).

[0062] The auxiliary drill bit base (11) has a chip removal port (7) on its side, which corresponds to the rock-breaking drill bit (10). One side of the chip removal port (7) is connected to one side of the rock-breaking drill bit (10).

[0063] Preferably, the chip discharge port (7) has a triangular structure.

[0064] The rock-breaking drill bit (10) has a chip guide groove (9), which is connected to the chip discharge port (7).

[0065] Preferably, the chip guide groove (9) has an arc-shaped structure, and there are multiple chip guide grooves (9) arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the rock-breaking drill bit (10).

[0066] The positioning drill bit (8) is located at the center of one end of the auxiliary drill bit base (11). The positioning drill bit (8) has a conical structure.

[0067] When in use, the drill collar (2) is installed on the drilling equipment. Driven by the drilling equipment, the drill collar (2) rotates to drill the hole, and the positioning drill bit (8) positions the hole to be drilled. As the drill collar (2) advances into the hole, it remains in the same position. While the drill collar (2) is drilling, the main drill bit body (13) and the auxiliary drill bit body (11) drill into the hole, driving the rock-breaking drill bit (10), the reaming drill bit (12) and the scraping drill bit (6) to further drill the hole. The rock-breaking drill bit (10) discharges the broken rock fragments from the cutting groove (9) to the cutting outlet (7). The cutting outlet (7) discharges the fragments from the drill bit. The spiral blade (1) carries the fragments out and can straighten the drill bit, making it easier to discharge the fragments to prevent the fragments from clogging the drill bit and causing it to jam. It can also prevent the drill bit from shifting during the drilling process.

[0068] Example 2:

[0069] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the chip guide groove (9) has built-in guide chip teeth, and there are multiple guide chip teeth, which are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the chip guide groove (9). When in use, the guide chip teeth, together with the rock breaking drill bit (10), can further crush the chips, making the chips finer, which can prevent larger chips from clogging the drill bit and causing the drill bit to jam.

[0070] Example 3:

[0071] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: the scraping drill bit (6) has a recessed groove (15), the width of the recessed groove (15) gradually decreases in an arc shape from one end to the other end, there are multiple recessed grooves (15), and the multiple recessed grooves (15) are arranged equidistantly along the central spiral circumference of the scraping drill bit (6); when in use, the recessed groove (15) can increase the contact area between the scraping drill bit (6) and the rock layer, so that the scraping effect of the scraping drill bit (6) on the rock layer is better, and can prevent the drill bit from deviating due to the roughness of the rock wall after drilling;

[0072] The connecting block (3) is a cylindrical structure with a diameter greater than that of the drill collar (2). The main drill bit base (13) is a cylindrical structure with a diameter greater than that of the connecting block (3). The auxiliary drill bit base (11) is a conical structure with a diameter smaller than that of the main drill bit base (13). The design of the auxiliary drill bit base (11) having a diameter smaller than that of the main drill bit base (13) makes it easier for the drill bit to first drill and position the hole, and then drill and enlarge the hole.

[0073] The fixing block (5) has an arc-shaped structure. The width of the fixing block (5) gradually decreases from one end to the other, which can reduce the resistance encountered by the drill bit when drilling and facilitate the rotation of the drill bit.

[0074] The reinforcing rib (4) is a triangular pyramidal structure with one side curved. One side of the fixing block (5) is connected to the bottom of the reinforcing rib (4), and the one-to-one correspondence design makes the connection between the main drill bit base (13) and the drill collar (2) more secure.

[0075] The rock-breaking drill bit (10) is multiple in number. The design of the multiple rock-breaking drill bits (10) being equidistantly arranged circumferentially along the side of the auxiliary drill bit base (11) makes the rock cuttings finer, easier to discharge, prevents drill blockage, and improves the efficiency of rock breaking.

[0076] The design of the spiral blade (1) in conjunction with the drill collar (2) allows the spiral blade (1) to carry out the cuttings while also straightening the drill bit to prevent the drill bit from shifting during drilling.

[0077] The rock-breaking drill bit (10) has a chip guide groove (9) and is designed to cooperate with the chip discharge port (7). This design allows the broken chips from the rock-breaking drill bit (10) to enter the chip discharge port (7) from the chip guide groove (9) and then be discharged from the chip discharge port (7). This can prevent the chips from clogging the drill bit and causing it to jam or become stuck.

[0078] The positioning drill bit (8) is designed to work with the rock-breaking drill bit (10) for small-area drilling. This allows for the initial drilling and breaking of hard rock in a small area, guiding the reaming drill bit (12) and the scraping drill bit (6) to break the rock and expand the hole along the guide trajectory, thus preventing the situation where simple scraping cannot break large areas of rock.

[0079] The goal is to achieve positioning by positioning drill bit (8), chip removal port (7) in conjunction with rock breaking drill bit (10) to remove chips, and spiral blade (1) to carry out the chips while straightening the drill bit to facilitate chip removal and prevent the drill bit from shifting during drilling.

[0080] It should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "placed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections such as folded edges, rivets, pins, adhesives, and welds; detachable connections such as threaded connections, snap-fit ​​connections, and hinges; integral connections; electrical connections; direct connections; or indirect connections via an intermediate medium; or internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0081] It should be further noted that, in order to keep the description simple and clear, the above specific embodiments only describe the differences between them and other embodiments. However, those skilled in the art should know that the above specific embodiments are also independent technical solutions.

Claims

1. A drill bit for drilling equipment to prevent off-center drilling, comprising a helical blade, a drill collar, a support assembly, and a drilling assembly, characterized in that: The spiral blades are positioned on the side of the drill collar to discharge cuttings from the bottom of the well and to straighten the drilling assembly. The support assembly is positioned at one end of the drill collar to support the drilling assembly. The drilling assembly is placed on the support assembly and is used for borehole positioning and reaming. The support assembly consists of a connecting block, reinforcing ribs, a secondary drill bit base, and a main drill bit base. The connecting block is placed on the drill collar, the main drill bit base is placed on the connecting block, the secondary drill bit base is placed on the main drill bit base, and the reinforcing ribs are positioned on the side of the connecting block. The drilling assembly consists of a fixing block, a scraping drill bit, a chip removal port, a positioning drill bit, a chip guide groove, a rock-breaking drill bit, and a reaming drill bit. The fixing block is placed on the side of the main drill bit base, the scraping drill bit is embedded in the fixing block, the reaming drill bit is placed on the main drill bit base, the rock-breaking drill bit is placed on the side of the auxiliary drill bit base, the auxiliary drill bit base has a chip removal port on its side, the rock-breaking drill bit has a chip guide groove, the chip guide groove is connected to the chip removal port, and the positioning drill bit is placed at the center of one end of the auxiliary drill bit base. The positioning drill bit has a conical structure.

2. The anti-deviation drilling probe for drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that... The chip guide groove has built-in guide chip teeth, and there are multiple guide chip teeth, which are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the chip guide groove.

3. The anti-deviation drilling probe for drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that... The scraping drill bit has recessed grooves, the width of which gradually decreases in an arc shape from one end to the other. There are multiple recessed grooves, which are arranged equidistantly along the central circumferential direction of the scraping drill bit.

4. The anti-deviation drilling probe for drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that... The drill collar is cylindrical, the connecting block is cylindrical with a diameter larger than that of the drill collar, and the main drill bit base is cylindrical with a diameter larger than that of the connecting block.

5. The anti-deviation drilling probe for drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that... The auxiliary drill bit base is a conical structure, and the diameter of the auxiliary drill bit base is smaller than the diameter of the main drill bit base. The reinforcing rib is a triangular pyramidal structure with one side arc-shaped. There are multiple reinforcing ribs, and the multiple reinforcing ribs are arranged equidistantly along the side of the connecting block.

6. The anti-deviation drilling probe for drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that... The fixing block has an arc-shaped structure, and the width of the fixing block gradually decreases from one end to the other. There are multiple fixing blocks, and the multiple fixing blocks are arranged equidistantly along the side of the main drill bit base.

7. The anti-deviation drilling probe for drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that... One side of the fixing block is connected to the bottom of the reinforcing rib, and they correspond one-to-one. The reaming drill bit has an arc-shaped structure, and there are multiple reaming drill bits, which are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the main drill bit base.

8. The anti-deviation drilling probe for drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that... The rock-breaking drill bit has an arc-shaped structure, and there are multiple rock-breaking drill bits. The multiple rock-breaking drill bits are arranged equidistantly along the side of the auxiliary drill bit base. The chip discharge port corresponds to the rock-breaking drill bit, and one side of the chip discharge port is connected to one side of the rock-breaking drill bit. The chip guide groove has an arc-shaped structure, and there are multiple chip guide grooves. The multiple chip guide grooves are arranged equidistantly along the length direction of the rock-breaking drill bit.

9. The anti-deviation drilling probe for drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that... The rock-breaking drill bit has a chip guide groove, which is designed to work with the chip discharge port. This allows the broken chips from the rock-breaking drill bit to enter the chip discharge port from the chip guide groove and then be discharged from the drill bit. This prevents the chips from clogging the drill bit and causing it to jam or become stuck.

10. A drilling equipment anti-deviation probe according to claim 1, characterized in that... The design of the positioning drill bit, in conjunction with the rock-breaking drill bit, for small-area drilling allows for the initial drilling and breaking of hard rock in a small area. This guides the reaming drill bit and scraping drill bit to break and enlarge the hole along the guide trajectory, preventing situations where simple scraping cannot break large areas of rock.

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