A perforating shock wave transient two-way shock mitigation assembly and method

Abstract

The application discloses a perforating shock wave transient two-way damping assembly and method, which comprises a differential pressure type two-way damper; a limiting cylinder and an outer sliding sleeve bottom of the differential pressure type two-way damper are provided with a sliding sleeve base, a damping cavity is arranged between the end face of the large-diameter part of a damping core shaft and the upper shell and the lower sliding sleeve base, and a plurality of damping units are arranged in the damping cavity; the inner sliding sleeve is in sliding connection with the limiting cylinder and the outer sliding sleeve, the inner sliding sleeve is connected with the large-diameter part of the damping core shaft through a tapered limiting block penetrating the limiting cylinder, the inner sliding sleeve and the outer sliding sleeve are connected through a shear pin, the inner sliding sleeve is provided with movable inner cavities at the top and the bottom, the small-diameter end of the limiting block faces the damping core shaft, and the large-diameter end faces the upper movable inner cavity; a balance hole is arranged in the sliding sleeve base, one end of the balance hole is communicated with the lower movable inner cavity, and the other end is communicated with the inside of the pipe column; the inner sliding sleeve is provided with an annular liquid inlet hole leading to the outside. The purpose of relieving the axial tensile and axial compression load of the perforating pipe column in the perforating instant is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of oil and gas well perforation and relates to a perforation shock wave instantaneous bidirectional shock absorption component and method. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the number of ultra-high temperature, ultra-high pressure, and ultra-deep wells has been increasing. The high-frequency vibration generated after perforation explosions has become a significant influencing factor, directly affecting the reliability of packers, testing tools, and ultimately determining the success or failure of oil testing operations. According to relevant downhole measurement data, the impact vibration after a perforation explosion occurs within microseconds, with the highest impact acceleration reaching 300g. Currently, in such oil and gas well perforation operations, longitudinal vibration dampers are generally used to mitigate the impact of perforation vibrations on the perforation string. However, whether longitudinal vibration dampers can filter out high-frequency reciprocating vibrations and their effectiveness in damping the perforation are unknown.

[0003] Patent CN201710519748.6 discloses a bidirectional perforation damper, comprising an outer sleeve with an axially penetrating inner cavity. The top of the outer sleeve is sealed and fixedly connected to an upper connector that can seal and communicate with an upper tubing column. The bottom of the outer sleeve is sealed and slidably fitted with a lower connector that can seal and communicate with a lower tubing column. A central tube with an axially penetrating inner cavity is coaxially fitted inside the outer sleeve. The top of the central tube is sealed and fixedly connected to the upper connector, and the lower connector is sealed and slidably fitted to the bottom end of the central tube. A rubber spring combination damping unit, which is slidably fitted onto the central tube and capable of bidirectional buffering by vertical extension, is abutted against the top of the lower connector. A hydraulic damping unit, capable of bidirectional buffering along the axial direction, is abutted against the top of the rubber spring combination damping unit. This damper can achieve bidirectional damping of the perforation tubing column, absorbing the vibration energy of the lower tubing column during perforation.

[0004] CN201821299620.X discloses an axial multi-stage vibration damper for perforation testing, belonging to the field of vibration damping technology for oil and gas well perforation testing. It consists of an upper outer cylinder, a lower outer cylinder, an upper connector, a lower connector, a hydraulic cylinder, a piston cylinder, a movable inner cylinder, and an inner cylinder. The inner cylinder is housed within the upper outer cylinder, and the piston cylinder is mounted on the inner cylinder within the upper outer cylinder. A hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed inside the upper outer cylinder above the piston cylinder. A lower damping plate is fixedly installed at the top of the piston cylinder, and an upper damping plate is fixedly installed on the inner cylinder above the lower damping plate. A limit sleeve is installed below the piston cylinder, and an upper spring is installed between the limit sleeve and the piston cylinder. This vibration damper effectively eliminates axial vibration of the tubing generated during perforation operations, effectively avoiding the shortcomings of poor vibration damping effect in existing single-mode vibration damping, greatly enhancing the vibration damping capacity of the damper; and ensuring the safety of testing instruments and tools on the tubing above the damper.

[0005] The above technologies all achieve impact damping after perforation explosion, but existing technologies have the following shortcomings: 1) When the bidirectional damper is started, the pin needs to be sheared before compressing or stretching the rubber spring combination damping unit. Since the perforation impact vibration is a high-frequency vibration, the pin may not be sheared, and the vibration signal has already propagated rapidly along the axial rigid body, which cannot effectively alleviate the perforation vibration. 2) Existing technologies are greatly affected by the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a bidirectional shock absorption component and method for perforation shock waves, which can greatly alleviate the high-frequency impact vibration transmitted to the perforation screen, drill rod or oil pipe, and achieve the purpose of relieving the instantaneous axial tensile and axial compressive loads of perforation.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution:

[0008] A perforation shock wave instantaneous bidirectional damping component includes a differential pressure bidirectional damper;

[0009] The differential pressure bidirectional shock absorber is nested on the tubing, with the top connected to the perforation screen tube and the bottom connected to the pressure delay detonator. Below the pressure delay detonator is a perforation gun assembly.

[0010] The differential pressure bidirectional shock absorber, from the inside out, includes a shock absorber spindle, a limiting cylinder, a housing, an inner sliding sleeve, and an outer sliding sleeve. The limiting cylinder, housing, and outer sliding sleeve are fixedly installed. Sliding sleeve bases are provided at the bottom of the limiting cylinder and the outer sliding sleeve. The shock absorber spindle is slidably connected to the tubular column. The diameter of the shock absorber spindle at its axial center position is larger than the diameters at both ends. Damping cavities are provided between the end face of the large-diameter portion of the shock absorber spindle and both the upper housing and the lower sliding sleeve base. Multiple damping units are installed within these damping cavities. The inner sliding sleeve is connected to both the limiting cylinder and the outer sliding sleeve. The sliding connection uses a tapered limiting block to connect the limiting cylinder to the large-diameter part of the shock-absorbing mandrel. The inner and outer sliding sleeves are connected by a shear pin. The top and bottom of the inner sliding sleeve are provided with movable inner cavities. The small-diameter end of the limiting block faces the shock-absorbing mandrel, and the large-diameter end passes through the limiting cylinder and is attached to the inner sliding sleeve, facing the upper movable inner cavity. The sliding sleeve base is provided with a balance hole. One end of the balance hole is connected to the lower movable inner cavity, and the other end is connected to the inside of the tubing. The middle of the inner sliding sleeve is provided with an annular liquid inlet hole, which leads to the outside.

[0011] Preferably, the damping unit comprises a spring and rubber.

[0012] Preferably, the damping cavity is filled with a buffer solution.

[0013] Preferably, the upper end of the perforation screen is connected to a drill pipe or tubing, extending from the top boundary of the perforation all the way to the wellhead.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom of the shock-absorbing mandrel is threadedly connected to the pressure delay initiator.

[0015] Preferably, the pressure delay detonator includes, from top to bottom, an initiator body and a lower connector on the outside, and from top to bottom, a firing pin and an initiation and delay explosive assembly on the inside.

[0016] Preferably, the perforating gun assembly includes a gun body, and a perforating component is provided inside the gun body. The perforating component includes, from top to bottom, a male connector, a straightening rod, a retaining ring, a perforating bullet, and a connecting ring.

[0017] Preferably, there are multiple sets of perforation assemblies, which are arranged along the axial direction of the perforation gun assembly. Adjacent sets of perforation assemblies are connected by female connectors, and the bottom of the lowest set of perforation assemblies is connected to the gun tail.

[0018] Preferably, the perforated screen tube has multiple through-holes on its side.

[0019] A vibration reduction method based on the perforation shock wave instantaneous bidirectional vibration damping component described in any one of the above-mentioned methods includes the following steps:

[0020] After the perforating gun assembly is detonated, high-frequency impact vibration and pressure fluctuation are generated simultaneously. The impact vibration is transmitted along the tubing string to the wellhead. The transient pressure wave generated during perforation is transmitted through the internal volume of the oil and gas well casing. It first passes through the annular fluid inlet and then enters the balance hole of the sliding sleeve base of the differential pressure bidirectional shock absorber through the perforation screen. The pressure wave first acts on the inner sliding sleeve, presses down on the inner sliding sleeve, shears the shear pin, the limit pin springs open, and the shock absorber spindle starts and is in a free sliding state.

[0021] Due to the timing difference, high-frequency impact vibration is transmitted to the differential pressure bidirectional damper. The damping spindle is in a free sliding state. Through the compression and tension of the damping unit, the axial tensile and axial compressive loads on the perforation string at the moment of perforation are relieved.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] This invention employs a differential pressure bidirectional shock absorber. The pressure shock wave from the perforation itself impacts the inner sliding sleeve, causing the shear pin to break and separating the inner sliding sleeve from the shock absorber spindle. The shock absorber spindle is then in a free-sliding state. Through the compression and tension of the damping unit, the high-frequency impact vibration transmitted to the perforation screen, drill pipe, or tubing is significantly reduced, achieving the purpose of mitigating the instantaneous axial tensile and compressive loads of the perforation. The differential pressure bidirectional shock absorber's activation relies entirely on the transient pressure difference formed by the timing difference of the pressure shock wave from the perforation itself, ensuring the filtering effect of the damping unit on the perforation impact vibration during perforation. This invention is independent of the hydrostatic pressure in the wellbore, depending only on the shock wave pressure difference of the perforation itself, exhibiting excellent reliability and bidirectional high-frequency shock absorption. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the instantaneous bidirectional shock absorption component for perforation shock waves of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the differential pressure bidirectional shock absorber of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the perforation pressure wave transmission path of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the differential pressure bidirectional shock absorber after startup.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure delay initiator structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the perforation gun assembly structure of the present invention;

[0030] The components include: 1. Drill rod or tubing; 2. Perforation screen; 3. Differential pressure bidirectional shock absorber; 4. Pressure delay initiator; 5. Perforation gun assembly; 31. Shock absorber spindle; 32. Damping unit; 33. Limiting cylinder; 34. Limiting block; 35. Inner sliding sleeve; 36. Shear pin; 37. Outer sliding sleeve; 38. Sliding sleeve base; 39. Annular inlet; 41. Initiator body; 42. Pin; 43. Firing pin; 44. Initiation and delay propellant assembly; 45. Lower connector; 51. Female connector; 52. Straightening rod; 53. Fixing ring; 54. Ammunition holder; 55. Perforation ammunition; 56. Connecting ring; 57. Male connector; 58. Gun body; 59. Gun tail. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that the terms “front,” “back,” “left,” “right,” “up,” and “down” used in the following description refer to the directions shown in the attached diagram, while the terms “inside” and “outside” refer to the directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the specification of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the perforation shock wave instantaneous bidirectional damping assembly of the present invention includes a differential pressure bidirectional damper 3. The drill pipe or oil pipe 1, the perforation screen 2, the differential pressure bidirectional damper 3, the pressure delay initiator 4, and the perforation gun assembly 5 are connected in sequence.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the differential pressure bidirectional shock absorber 3 of the present invention is composed of a shock absorber spindle 31, a damping unit 32, a limiting cylinder 33, a limiting block 34, an inner sliding sleeve 35, a shear pin 36, an outer sliding sleeve 37, and a sliding sleeve base 38.

[0036] The differential pressure bidirectional shock absorber 3, from the inside out, includes a shock absorber spindle 31, a limiting cylinder 33, a housing, an inner sliding sleeve 35, and an outer sliding sleeve 37. The limiting cylinder 33, the housing, and the outer sliding sleeve 37 are fixedly installed. A sliding sleeve base 38 is provided at the bottom of the limiting cylinder 33 and the outer sliding sleeve 37. The shock absorber spindle 31 is slidably connected to the tubular column. The diameter of the shock absorber spindle 31 at its axial center position is larger than the diameters at both ends. A damping cavity is provided between the end face of the large-diameter part of the shock absorber spindle 31 and the housing above it and the sliding sleeve base 38 below it. Multiple damping units 32 are provided in the damping cavity. The inner sliding sleeve 35 is connected to the limiting cylinder 33 and the outer sliding sleeve 37. All seven components are slidably connected. The limiting cylinder 33 is connected to the large-diameter part of the shock-absorbing spindle 31 by a conical limiting block 34. The inner sliding sleeve 35 and the outer sliding sleeve 37 are connected by a shear pin 36. The top and bottom of the inner sliding sleeve 35 are provided with movable inner cavities. The small-diameter end of the limiting block 34 faces the shock-absorbing spindle 31, and the large-diameter end passes through the limiting cylinder 33 and is attached to the inner sliding sleeve 35 and faces the upper movable inner cavity. The sliding sleeve base 38 is provided with a balance hole. One end of the balance hole is connected to the lower movable inner cavity, and the other end is connected to the inside of the tubing. The inner sliding sleeve 35 is provided with an annular liquid inlet hole 39 in the middle, which leads to the outside.

[0037] When the perforated tubing is lowered into the well, the differential pressure bidirectional shock absorber 3 is locked, and the shock absorber spindle 31 and the limiting cylinder 33 are rigidly connected through the limiting block 34.

[0038] The bottom of the shock-absorbing spindle 31 is threadedly connected to the pressure delay initiator 4.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, the pressure delay initiator 4 is connected to the upper end of the perforation gun assembly and includes an initiator body 41, a pin 42, a firing pin 43, an initiation and delay powder assembly 44, and a lower connector 45. The external components of the pressure delay initiator 4, from top to bottom, include the initiator body 41 and the lower connector 45, while the internal components, from top to bottom, include the firing pin 43 and the initiation and delay powder assembly 44.

[0040] When the pressure input from the ground pressure device is received and matches the preset detonation value, the pressure detonator striker 43 is activated and strikes the detonation and delay explosive assembly 44. The detonation and delay explosive assembly generates explosive output energy and sequentially detonates the lower detonating cord, perforating projectile, etc., to complete the perforation operation on the casing and the formation.

[0041] like Figure 6 As shown, the perforating gun assembly 5 includes a female connector 51, a straightening rod 52, a fixing ring 53, a cartridge holder 54, a perforating bullet 55, a connecting ring 56, a male connector 57, a gun body 58, and a gun tail 59. The perforating bullet 55 is embedded in the cartridge holder 54, connected in sequence by a detonating cord, and connected to a pressure delay initiator 4.

[0042] The perforating gun assembly 5 includes a gun body 58, inside which a perforating assembly is installed. The perforating assembly, from top to bottom, includes a male connector 57, a straightening rod 52, a retaining ring 53, a perforating cartridge 55, and a connecting ring 56. A cartridge holder 54 is provided between the perforating cartridge 55 and the gun body 58.

[0043] The perforation assembly consists of multiple sets, which are arranged along the axis of the perforation gun assembly 5. Adjacent sets of perforation assemblies are connected by a female connector 51, and the bottom of the lowest set of perforation assemblies is connected to the gun tail 59.

[0044] The differential pressure bidirectional shock absorber 3 is connected to the upper end of the pressure delay detonator 4; for example Figure 3 As shown, after the perforating gun assembly 5 detonates, it simultaneously generates high-frequency impact vibration and pressure fluctuation. The impact vibration is transmitted along the tubing string to the wellhead, while the pressure fluctuation is transmitted along the casing volume from the explosion center to both ends, as shown in the diagram. Figure 3 As shown; the pressure wave will first reach the damper, activating the differential pressure bidirectional damper 3. The damping spindle 31 will disengage from the limiting cylinder 33 and be in a free sliding state. High-frequency impact vibration is transmitted to the differential pressure bidirectional damper 3. With the damping spindle 31 in a free sliding state, the compression and tension of the damping unit 32 achieve the purpose of alleviating the axial tensile and compressive loads on the perforation string during perforation, as shown. Figure 4 As shown.

[0045] The perforated screen 2 is connected to the upper end of the differential pressure bidirectional shock absorber 3. Three through screen holes are provided on the side of the perforated screen 2 to balance the pressure of the drill rod or tubing 1 and the annulus of the casing.

[0046] The drill pipe or tubing 1 is connected to the upper end of the perforation screen 2 and extends from the top boundary of the perforation all the way to the wellhead, serving to transmit the perforation gun assembly.

[0047] The perforation process based on the above-mentioned perforation shock wave instantaneous bidirectional damping component is as follows:

[0048] Step 1: Connect the assembled perforating gun assembly 5 to the wellhead.

[0049] Step 2: After the perforating gun assembly 5 is connected, connect the pressure delay detonator 4 to the top of the perforating gun assembly 5.

[0050] Step 3: Connect the differential pressure bidirectional shock absorber 3 to the top of the pressure delay detonator 4.

[0051] The differential pressure bidirectional shock absorber 3 is composed of a shock absorber spindle 31, a damping unit 32, a limiting cylinder 33, a housing, a limiting block 34, an inner sliding sleeve 35, a shear pin 36, an outer sliding sleeve 37, and a sliding sleeve base 38. When the perforating pipe is lowered into the system, the differential pressure bidirectional shock absorber 3 is in a locked state, and the shock absorber spindle 31 and the limiting cylinder 33 are in a rigid connection state through the limiting block 34.

[0052] Step 4: Connect the perforated screen tube 2 to the top of the differential pressure bidirectional shock absorber 3.

[0053] Step 5: Use drill pipe or tubing 1 to transport the completed perforation string to the target layer.

[0054] Step 6: Pressurize the wellhead and detonate the perforating gun assembly 5.

[0055] Step 7: The perforating gun assembly 5 detonates, simultaneously generating high-frequency impact vibration and pressure fluctuations. The impact vibration propagates along the tubing string towards the wellhead, while the pressure fluctuations propagate along the casing volume from the explosion center towards both ends.

[0056] Step 8: Utilizing the principle that pressure fluctuations are transmitted faster than the vibration of the tubing, when the differential pressure bidirectional damper 3 receives the pressure change generated by the perforation explosion, the differential pressure bidirectional damper 3 is activated, and the damping spindle 31 disengages from the limiting cylinder 33 and is in a free sliding state.

[0057] The transient pressure wave generated during perforation is transmitted through the internal volume of the oil and gas well casing. It first passes through the annular fluid inlet 39, and then through the perforation screen 2 into the balance hole inside the tubing of the sliding sleeve base 38 of the differential pressure bidirectional shock absorber. The pressure wave first acts on the inner sliding sleeve 35, pressing down on the inner sliding sleeve 35, shearing the shear pin 36, and causing the limiting block 34 to spring open into the upper movable inner cavity. The shock absorber spindle 31 is then activated and enters a free sliding state.

[0058] Step 9: Due to the timing difference, the high-frequency impact vibration is transmitted to the differential pressure bidirectional shock absorber 3. The shock absorber spindle 31 is in a free sliding state. By compressing and stretching the damping unit 32, the purpose of relieving the axial tensile and axial compressive load of the instantaneous shock absorber assembly during perforation is achieved.

[0059] The damping unit 32 is composed of a spring and rubber, and the damping cavity is filled with a buffer solution, which can filter the impact vibration of the perforation at different frequencies.

[0060] In step 10, due to the action of the damping unit 32, the high-frequency impact vibration transmitted to the perforation screen 2, drill rod or tubing 1 will be greatly reduced, thus protecting the perforation work string during the moment of perforation.

[0061] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0062] It should be understood that the above description is for illustrative purposes and not for limitation. Many embodiments and applications beyond the provided examples will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the above description. Therefore, the scope of this patent should not be determined by reference to the above description, but rather by reference to the foregoing claims and the full scope of their equivalents. For purposes of completeness, all articles and references, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference. The omission of any aspect of the subject matter disclosed herein in the foregoing claims is not intended as a waiver of that subject matter, nor should it be construed as an indication that the applicant has not considered that subject matter as part of the disclosed inventive subject matter.

Claims

1. A bidirectional shock absorption component for perforation shock waves, characterized in that, Including differential pressure bidirectional shock absorbers (3); The differential pressure bidirectional shock absorber (3) is nested on the tubing, with the top connected to the perforation screen tube (2) and the bottom connected to the pressure delay detonator (4). The pressure delay detonator (4) is connected to the perforation gun assembly (5). The differential pressure bidirectional shock absorber (3) includes, from the inside out, a shock absorber spindle (31), a limiting cylinder (33), a housing, an inner sliding sleeve (35), and an outer sliding sleeve (37); the limiting cylinder (33), the housing, and the outer sliding sleeve (37) are fixedly installed, and a sliding sleeve base (38) is provided at the bottom of the limiting cylinder (33) and the outer sliding sleeve (37). The shock absorber spindle (31) is slidably connected to the tubular column. The diameter of the shock absorber spindle (31) at the center position along the axial direction is larger than the diameters at both ends. A damping cavity is provided between the end face of the large diameter part of the shock absorber spindle (31) and the housing above it and the sliding sleeve base (38) below it. Multiple damping units (32) are provided in the damping cavity; the inner sliding sleeve (35) is connected to the limiting cylinder (33) and the outer sliding sleeve. (37) All are slidably connected. The limiting cylinder (33) is connected to the large diameter part of the damping spindle (31) by a conical limiting block (34). The inner sliding sleeve (35) and the outer sliding sleeve (37) are connected by a shear pin (36). The top and bottom of the inner sliding sleeve (35) are provided with movable inner cavities. The small diameter end of the limiting block (34) faces the damping spindle (31), and the large diameter end passes through the limiting cylinder (33) and is attached to the inner sliding sleeve (35) and faces the upper movable inner cavity. The sliding sleeve base (38) is provided with a balance hole. One end of the balance hole is connected to the lower movable inner cavity, and the other end is connected to the inside of the tube column. The inner sliding sleeve (35) is provided with an annular liquid inlet hole (39) in the middle, and the annular liquid inlet hole (39) is open to the outside.

2. The instantaneous bidirectional shock absorption assembly for perforation shock waves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The damping unit (32) consists of a spring and rubber.

3. The instantaneous bidirectional shock absorption assembly for perforation shock waves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The damping cavity is filled with a buffer solution.

4. The instantaneous bidirectional shock absorption assembly for perforation shock waves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the perforation screen (2) is connected to a drill pipe or tubing (1), which extends from the top boundary of the perforation all the way to the wellhead.

5. The instantaneous bidirectional shock absorption assembly for perforation shock waves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the shock-absorbing spindle (31) is threadedly connected to the pressure delay initiator (4).

6. The instantaneous bidirectional shock absorption assembly for perforation shock waves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure delay initiator (4) consists of an initiator body (41) and a lower connector (45) from top to bottom on the outside, and a firing pin (43) and an initiation and delay explosive assembly (44) from top to bottom on the inside.

7. The instantaneous bidirectional shock absorption assembly for perforation shock waves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The perforating gun assembly (5) includes a gun body (58), and a perforating assembly is provided inside the gun body (58). The perforating assembly includes, from top to bottom, a male connector (57), a straightening rod (52), a fixing ring (53), a perforating bullet (55), and a connecting ring (56).

8. The instantaneous bidirectional shock absorption assembly for perforation shock waves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The perforation assembly consists of multiple sets, which are arranged along the axial direction of the perforation gun assembly (5). Adjacent sets of perforation assemblies are connected by a female connector (51), and the bottom of the lowest set of perforation assemblies is connected to the gun tail (59).

9. The instantaneous bidirectional shock absorption assembly for perforation shock waves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The perforated screen tube (2) has multiple through-holes on its side.

10. A vibration reduction method based on the perforation shock wave instantaneous bidirectional vibration damping assembly according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following processes: After the perforating gun assembly (5) is detonated, high-frequency impact vibration and pressure fluctuation are generated simultaneously. The impact vibration is transmitted along the tubing to the wellhead. The transient pressure wave generated during perforation is transmitted through the internal volume of the oil and gas well casing. It first passes through the annular fluid inlet (39) and then through the perforating screen (2) into the balance hole of the sliding sleeve base (38) of the differential pressure bidirectional shock absorber (3). The pressure wave first acts on the inner sliding sleeve (35), presses down the inner sliding sleeve (35), shears the shear pin (36), the limit block (34) pops open, and the shock absorber spindle (31) starts and is in a free sliding state. Due to the timing difference, the high-frequency impact vibration is transmitted to the differential pressure bidirectional damper (3). The damping spindle (31) is in a free sliding state. Through the compression and stretching of the damping unit (32), the axial tensile and axial compressive loads on the perforation string at the moment of perforation are relieved.

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