Starting platform of tunneling equipment

Abstract

This invention provides a launching platform for tunneling equipment. The tunneling equipment includes a shield tunneling machine, which includes a front shield, a tensioning shield, and a main thrust cylinder. The launching platform includes: a bracket, which is located on the front side of the tunnel to be excavated and extends along the axial direction of the tunnel; a platform, which is mounted on the upper side of the bracket and extends along the axial direction of the tunnel; the shield tunneling machine is movably mounted on the platform along the axial direction of the tunnel; a reaction frame, which is located on the upper side of the platform and fixedly connected to the tensioning shield; and a step-changing device, which is connected to the front shield. The step-changing device has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the step-changing device is in a limiting engagement with the platform; in the second state, the step-changing device is separated from the platform, allowing the tensioning shield to push the front shield forward via the main thrust cylinder. The launching platform of the tunneling equipment according to this invention enables tunneling equipment to perform tunnel-free launching, reducing the workload and cost of tunneling operations and improving construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring machine (TBM) technology, and more particularly to a launching platform for a tunneling device. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the acceleration of underground space construction and underground resource extraction, and the development of design technology, underground tunnels have become increasingly complex, and the diversity of excavated chambers in underground engineering is increasing daily. For the excavation of complex underground multi-channel tunnels, the current common practice is to first excavate the main tunnel. After the main tunnel is excavated, a pilot tunnel is excavated using a small-diameter TBM (tunnel boring machine) combined with drill-and-blast method for enlargement. Excavating the pilot tunnel with a small-diameter TBM is beneficial for quickly exploring the geology, releasing ground stress in advance, creating a free face in advance, and completing the enlargement construction safely and quickly.

[0003] For the small-diameter TBM excavation pilot tunnel combined with drill-and-blast excavation method, in order to achieve rapid site relocation, the current method is to use heavy-duty flatbed trucks to transport the TBM equipment. Although the truck-mounted TBM equipment solves the problem of rapid site relocation, how to quickly start the truck-mounted TBM after it has been relocated has become the biggest challenge restricting the development of the small-diameter TBM excavation pilot tunnel combined with drill-and-blast excavation method.

[0004] The current TBM launching method usually involves pre-excavating the approach tunnel and launching chamber, then moving the TBM equipment to the launching chamber, and the TBM can then carry out normal launching and advancing. However, this method is only suitable for single long tunnel construction. For multi-channel complex space tunnels, since there are many tunnels to be excavated and the distance between individual tunnels is short, if the launching chamber of each tunnel needs to be pre-excavated, it will result in too much workload, too high cost, and low efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a starting platform for tunneling equipment, which enables tunneling equipment to start tunneling quickly without a starting tunnel, thereby reducing the workload and cost of tunneling operations and improving construction efficiency.

[0006] This invention provides a launching platform for a tunneling machine. The tunneling machine includes a shield tunneling host, which comprises a front shield, a tensioning shield, and a main thrust cylinder. The launching platform includes: a bracket disposed on the front side of the tunnel to be excavated and extending axially along the tunnel; and a platform mounted on the upper side of the bracket and extending axially along the tunnel, the platform having a mounting surface adapted to the shield tunneling host, and the shield tunneling host being movable axially along the tunnel. The device comprises: a mounting surface on the platform; a reaction frame, which is mounted on the platform and fixedly connected to the tension shield; and a step-changing device connected to the front shield, which has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the step-changing device is engaged with the platform to limit the movement of the front shield by the main thrust cylinder. In the second state, the step-changing device is separated from the platform to allow the tension shield to push the front shield forward by the main thrust cylinder.

[0007] According to the present invention, the launching platform of the tunneling equipment has a bracket set on the front side of the tunnel to be excavated, a platform set on the bracket, and a shield machine set movably on the platform. A reaction frame is used to provide reaction support for the shield machine. A step-changing device is set up for the shield machine to change steps on the platform. In this way, the bracket and platform are easy to install or disassemble, realizing rapid relocation and flexible arrangement of the launching platform. This allows the tunneling equipment to start quickly without a launching tunnel. It is suitable for single long tunnel construction and avoids the need to excavate multiple launching tunnels in advance when constructing multi-channel complex space tunnels. It can reduce the workload and construction cost of tunneling operations and improve construction efficiency.

[0008] In some embodiments, the bracket includes two bracket units arranged radially opposite to each other and spaced apart along the tunnel to be excavated, and the two ends of the platform are respectively fixedly connected to the two bracket units.

[0009] In some embodiments, each bracket unit includes a plurality of sub-brackets, which are arranged sequentially and connected along the axial direction of the tunnel to be excavated.

[0010] In some embodiments, the platform includes multiple sub-platforms, which are arranged sequentially and connected along the axial direction of the tunnel to be excavated, and each sub-platform is connected to two bracket units at both ends.

[0011] In some embodiments, a transport channel is defined between the two bracket units; the plurality of sub-platforms include pre-installed sub-platforms and sub-platforms to be installed, wherein the pre-installed sub-platform is installed at one end of the bracket near the tunnel to be excavated, the tunnel boring machine is installed on the sub-platform to be installed, and is transported to the transport channel by a transport vehicle for installation on the bracket.

[0012] In some embodiments, the sub-platform includes: a base, the base being disposed on the upper side of the bracket and connected to the bracket; a plurality of support ribs, the plurality of support ribs being arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the tunnel to be excavated on the upper side of the base, the top edge of the support ribs being formed into an arc shape adapted to the shield machine host; and a mounting plate, the mounting plate being fixed to the upper side of the support ribs, the lower surface of the mounting plate being adapted to and fitted with the top edge of the support ribs, and the shield machine host being disposed on the mounting plate.

[0013] In some embodiments, the step-changing device includes: a connecting plate fixedly disposed on the side wall of the front shield; a connecting arm, one end of which is connected to the connecting plate and is adjustable relative to the connecting plate along the axial direction of the tunnel to be excavated, and the other end of which extends to a position opposite to the supporting rib plate; and a stop block detachably engaged with the connecting arm. In a first state, the stop block is disposed at the end of the connecting arm away from the connecting plate and abuts against the connecting rib plate along the axial direction of the tunnel to be excavated. In a second state, the stop block is separated from the connecting arm.

[0014] In some embodiments, the connecting plate is provided with a plurality of positioning connecting parts arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the tunnel to be excavated. The connecting arm includes an arm body and a fixing plate. The fixing plate is disposed at the first end of the arm body. The fixing plate is provided with a positioning mating part, which is adapted to be connected to any one of the positioning connecting parts. The arm body is provided with an insertion hole, which penetrates the arm body radially along the tunnel to be excavated. The stop block is detachably disposed in the insertion hole.

[0015] In some embodiments, the launching platform further includes: an anti-torsion device, wherein there are multiple anti-torsion devices, and the multiple anti-torsion devices are respectively disposed on both sides of the tension shield and abut against the platform along the circumference of the tension shield.

[0016] In some embodiments, the reaction force is mounted on the upper side of the base. There are two reaction force frames, which are arranged side by side along the radial direction of the tunnel to be excavated on the side of the tensioning shield away from the tunnel to be excavated, and are detachably connected to the base and the tail of the tensioning shield, respectively. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the assembly process of the starting platform of the tunneling equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the starting platform of the tunneling equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention from one angle;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the starting platform of the tunneling equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention from another angle;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the launch platform bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the launch platform frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the step-changing device of the starting platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0025] 100 - Starting Platform;

[0026] 1-Bracket; 11-Bracket unit; 111-Sub-bracket; 112-Transport space;

[0027] 2-stand;

[0028] 21-Sub-stand; 21a-Pre-installed sub-stand; 21b-Sub-stand to be installed;

[0029] 22-Base; 23-Supporting stiffener; 24-Mounting plate;

[0030] 3-Step changing device;

[0031] 31-Connecting plate; 311-Positioning connecting part;

[0032] 32-Connecting arm; 321-Fixing plate; 3211-Positioning mating part; 322-Arm body;

[0033] 33-Stop;

[0034] 4-Reaction frame; 41-Reaction base plate; 42-Reaction vertical plate; 43-Support column;

[0035] 5-Anti-torsion device; 51-Anti-torsion seat; 52-Anti-torsion block;

[0036] 200 - Tunnel to be excavated; 201 - Working face;

[0037] 300 - Tunneling equipment; 301 - Shield tunneling machine; 302 - Front shield; 303 - Main thrust cylinder; 304 - Tensioning shield;

[0038] 400 - Transport vehicle. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] In recent years, with the acceleration of underground space construction and underground resource extraction, and the development of design technology, underground tunnels have become increasingly complex, and the diversity of excavated chambers in underground engineering projects has increased daily. For the excavation of complex multi-channel underground tunnels, the current common practice is to first excavate the main tunnel. After the main tunnel is excavated, a pilot tunnel is excavated using a small-diameter TBM combined with drill-and-blast excavation for further excavation. Excavating the pilot tunnel with a small-diameter TBM is beneficial for quickly exploring the geology, releasing ground stress in advance, creating a free face in advance, and safely and quickly completing the excavation. For the small-diameter TBM pilot tunnel excavation combined with drill-and-blast excavation method, in order to achieve rapid site transfer, the current method is to use heavy-duty flatbed trucks to transport the TBM equipment. Although truck-mounted TBMs solve the problem of rapid site transfer, how to quickly launch the TBM after it has been transferred to the site has become the biggest challenge restricting the development of the small-diameter TBM pilot tunnel excavation combined with drill-and-blast excavation method. The current TBM launching method usually involves pre-excavating the approach tunnel and launching chamber, then moving the TBM equipment to the launching chamber, and the TBM can then carry out normal launching and advancing. However, this method is only suitable for single long tunnel construction. For multi-channel complex space tunnels, since there are many tunnels to be excavated and the distance between individual tunnels is short, if the launching chamber of each tunnel needs to be pre-excavated, it will result in too much workload, too high cost, and low efficiency.

[0041] In view of this, the present invention provides a starting platform for tunneling equipment, wherein a bracket is set on the front side of the tunnel to be excavated, a platform is set on the bracket, the shield machine is movably set on the platform, and a reaction frame is used to provide reaction support for the shield machine. A step-changing device is set up for the shield machine to change steps on the platform, so that the tunneling equipment can start quickly without a starting tunnel, which can reduce the workload and construction cost of tunneling operations and improve construction efficiency.

[0042] The following is for reference. Figures 1-6 The launching platform 100 of the tunneling equipment 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0043] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The launching platform 100 in this embodiment can be used for the tunneling equipment 300 to start tunneling. The tunneling equipment 300 can be a vehicle-mounted full-face rock tunnel boring machine (i.e., TBM), and of course it is also applicable to other types of tunneling equipment 300.

[0044] Specifically, the tunneling equipment 300 includes a shield tunneling machine 301, which includes a front shield 302, a tensioning shield 304, and a main thrust cylinder 303. The main thrust cylinder 303 is connected between the front shield 302 and the tensioning shield 304. When the tensioning shield 304 is fixed, the front shield 302 tunnels under the drive of the main thrust cylinder 303. After tunneling one stroke, the front shield 302 can be fixed, and the tensioning shield 304 is advanced by the contraction of the main thrust cylinder 303, thereby realizing the stepping of the shield tunneling machine 301. The launching platform 100 in this embodiment may include: a bracket 1, a platform 2, a reaction frame 4, and a step-changing device 3.

[0045] The bracket 1 is located on the front side of the tunnel 200 to be excavated. The bracket 1 extends along the axial direction of the tunnel 200 to be excavated. The bracket 1 can serve as the bottom support frame of the launching platform 100. The bracket 1 can be fixed to the ground. For example, the bracket 1 can be placed on the ground in front of the tunnel 200 to be excavated and anchored to the ground. In this way, the bracket 1 can provide stable and reliable support for the launching platform 100 and the shield machine 301 during the initial excavation of the tunneling equipment 300.

[0046] The platform 2 can be installed on the upper side of the bracket 1. For example, the platform 2 can be connected to the bracket 1 by bolts. Of course, the present invention is not limited to this. The connection method and structure of the platform 2 and the bracket 1 can be reasonably selected according to actual needs. The platform 2 extends along the axial direction of the tunnel 200 to be excavated. The platform 2 has a mounting surface adapted to the shield machine 301. For example, when the outer surface of the shield machine 301 is cylindrical, the mounting surface is also formed as a concave arc surface. The shield machine 301 is mounted on the mounting surface, and the shield machine 301 is adapted to move along the axial direction of the tunnel 200 to be excavated, so that the shield machine 301 can carry out initial excavation and stepping under the support of the platform 2.

[0047] The reaction frame 4 can be installed on the upper side of the platform 2. The reaction frame 4 can be fixedly connected to the tension shield 304. For example, the reaction frame 4 can be installed on the side of the tension shield 304 facing away from the tunnel face 201 along its own axial direction, thus connecting to the tail end face of the tension shield 304. Alternatively, the reaction frame 4 can be installed on the side of the tension shield 304 and near its tail end, thus connecting to the side of the tension shield 304. The reaction frame 4 can be connected to the tension shield 304 by bolts, pins, etc. Of course, this invention does not limit this; the specific installation position of the reaction frame 4 and the connection method between the reaction frame 4 and the tension shield 304 can be reasonably selected according to actual needs. The reaction frame 4 can provide supporting reaction force for the tension shield 304 to prevent the tunnel face 201 from applying a reverse torque to the tunnel boring machine 301 during tunneling, causing the tunnel boring machine 301 to rotate, thereby ensuring the stability of the tunneling posture of the tunnel boring machine 301.

[0048] The step-changing device 3 can be connected to the front shield 302. The step-changing device 3 has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the step-changing device 3 is limited to the platform 2 so that the front shield 302 drives the tension shield 304 to step forward through the main push cylinder 303. In the second state, the step-changing device 3 is separated from the platform 2 so that the tension shield 304 pushes the front shield 302 forward through the main push cylinder 303.

[0049] Specifically, when the front shield 302 has completed one stroke of tunneling, the step-changing device 3 can be adjusted to the first state. Through the step-changing device 3 and the platform 2 limit engagement, the front shield 302 is fixed. Then, the main thrust cylinder 303 is retracted, causing the main thrust cylinder 303 to drive the tension shield 304 forward, thus realizing the step change. After the step change is completed, the step-changing device 3 can be adjusted to the second state, disengaging the step-changing device 3 from the platform 2. At this time, the position of the tension shield 304 is fixed, and the extension of the main thrust cylinder 303 pushes the front shield 302 to tunnel for the next stroke.

[0050] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the launching platform 100 of the tunneling equipment 300 has a bracket 1 set on the front side of the tunnel 200 to be excavated, a platform 2 set on the bracket 1, and a shield machine 301 movably set on the platform 2. A reaction frame 4 is used to provide reaction support for the shield machine 301. A step-changing device 3 is set to allow the shield machine 301 to change steps on the platform 2. In this way, the bracket 1 and the platform 2 are easy to install or disassemble, realizing the rapid relocation and flexible arrangement of the launching platform 100. This allows the tunneling equipment 300 to start quickly without a starting tunnel. It is suitable for single long tunnel construction and avoids the need to excavate multiple starting tunnels in advance when constructing multi-channel complex space tunnels. This can reduce the workload and construction cost of tunneling operations and improve construction efficiency.

[0051] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 3 and Figure 4 The bracket 1 may include two bracket units 11, which are arranged radially opposite to each other and spaced apart along the tunnel 200 to be excavated. Both ends of the platform 2 are fixedly connected to the two bracket units 11, thus ensuring uniform stress distribution on the bracket 1 and enabling the launching platform 100 to better withstand the reaction force from the working face 201, thereby improving the reliability of the launching platform 100. Furthermore, constructing the bracket 1 as multiple small and lightweight bracket units 11 facilitates relocation, transportation, and rapid installation.

[0052] In some embodiments, reference Figure 4 Each bracket unit 11 includes multiple sub-brackets 111, which are arranged sequentially and connected along the axial direction of the tunnel 200 to be excavated. Thus, by adjusting the number of sub-brackets 111, the platform 2 can be made to have a suitable length. For example... Figure 4 As shown, each bracket unit 11 may include six sub-brackets 111. Each sub-bracket 111 may include a base plate, a first side frame, a second side frame, and a connecting beam. The base plate is flat. The first and second side frames are arranged opposite each other and spaced apart along the axial direction of the tunnel 200 to be excavated. Both the first and second side frames are triangular in structure and are connected by a horizontally extending connecting beam. Adjacent sub-brackets 111 are connected by the first side frame of one and the second side frame of the other. The first side frame of one and the second side frame of the other can be connected by bolts, pins, etc. This makes the overall structure of the bracket unit 11 simple, easy to assemble and disassemble quickly, which is conducive to the rapid transfer and rapid start-up of the tunneling equipment 300 and easy maintenance.

[0053] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5The platform 2 may include multiple sub-platforms 21, which are arranged sequentially and connected along the axial direction of the tunnel 200 to be excavated. Each sub-platform 21 is connected to two bracket units 11 at both ends. In this way, the platform 2 is divided into multiple sub-platforms 21, which facilitates the relocation and assembly / disassembly of the platform 2. By adjusting the number of sub-platforms 21, the platform 2 can have a suitable length.

[0054] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 4 A transport channel is defined between the two bracket units 11, which can extend along the axial direction of the tunnel 200 to be excavated and is directly opposite the working face 201 of the tunnel 200. Multiple sub-frames 21 may include a pre-installed sub-frame 21a and a sub-frame 21b to be installed. The pre-installed sub-frame 21a can be installed at one end of the bracket 1 near the tunnel 200 to be excavated, and the tunnel boring machine 301 is installed on the sub-frame 21b to be installed and transported to the transport channel by a transport vehicle 400 for installation on the bracket 1.

[0055] For example Figure 1 As shown, there can be five sub-frames 21, including two pre-installed sub-frames 21a and three sub-frames 21b to be installed. During assembly, the two pre-installed sub-frames 21a can be installed first on the end of the bracket 1 near the tunnel 200 to be excavated and in contact with the working face 201. Then, the remaining three sub-frames 21b to be installed are connected to each other. The tunnel boring machine 301 of the tunneling equipment 300 is then installed onto the three sub-frames 21b to be installed. Finally, the tunnel boring machine 301 and the three sub-frames 21b to be installed are connected. The entire assembly consisting of the shield tunneling machine 301, the three sub-frames 21b to be installed, and the reaction frame 4 are placed on the transport vehicle 400. The transport vehicle 400 transports the entire assembly consisting of the shield tunneling machine 301, the three sub-frames 21b to be installed, and the reaction frame 4 to the transport channel. Then, the entire assembly is moved to the bracket 1 by the lifting device or hoisting equipment of the transport vehicle 400 and driven away from the transport vehicle. The sub-frames 21b to be installed are connected to the pre-installed sub-frames 21a, and the reaction frame 4 is fixed on the platform 2. The assembly of the launching platform 100 can then be realized, and the launching excavation operation can be carried out.

[0056] The two pre-installed sub-mounts 21a provide operational support space during the transfer of the sub-mount 21b to be installed and the tunnel boring machine 301 from the transport vehicle 400 to the support frame 1, facilitating the installation of the launching platform 100. Transporting the sub-mount 21b together with the tunnel boring machine 301 via the transport vehicle 400 allows the sub-mount 21b to better stabilize the attitude of the tunnel boring machine 301 during transport. Furthermore, the sub-mount 21b can serve as a support for the tunnel boring machine 301, saving materials and reducing costs. Understandably, the pre-installed sub-mounts 21a and the sub-mount 21b can have identical structures.

[0057] It should be noted that, since the bracket 1 in this embodiment can be divided into multiple flexibly detachable sub-brackets 111 and the platform 2 can also be divided into multiple flexibly detachable sub-platforms 21, the modular design of the bracket 1 and the platform 2 is realized. The volume and weight of each component module are smaller, which makes the launching platform 100 easy to turn and install in complex tunnel spaces, saves the need for large hoisting equipment, and can be reused, saving costs.

[0058] In some embodiments, reference Figure 5 The sub-frame 21 may include a base 22, supporting stiffeners 23, and a mounting plate 24. Specifically, the base 22 is located on the upper side of the bracket 1 and is connected to the bracket 1. For example, the base 22 may be block-shaped and may be bolted to the bracket 1. There may be multiple supporting stiffeners 23, which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the tunnel 200 to be excavated on the upper side of the base 22. The bottom end of the supporting stiffeners 23 is fixedly connected to the base 22, for example, by welding. Adjacent sub-frames 21 are connected by their respective supporting stiffeners 23. The top edge of the supporting stiffener 23 is formed into an arc shape to fit the shield machine 301. The mounting plate 24 is fixed to the upper side of the supporting stiffener 23. The lower surface of the mounting plate 24 fits and fits the top edge of the supporting stiffener 23. The lower surface of the mounting plate 24 can be welded to the top edge of the supporting stiffener 23. The upper surface of the mounting plate 24 forms the mounting surface of the platform 2. The shield machine 301 can be mounted on the mounting plate 24. In this way, by setting the base 22, the sub-platform 21 and the bracket 1 can be connected. By setting multiple supporting stiffeners 23, it can be ensured that the mounting plate 24 can withstand the large pressure from the shield machine 301. The overall structure has high strength and is reliable. In addition, the overall structure is relatively simple and easy to manufacture.

[0059] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 The length of the mounting plate 24 along the axial direction of the tunnel 200 to be excavated can be less than the length of the base 22 along the axial direction of the tunnel 200 to be excavated. This creates an installation space on the side of the mounting plate 24 along the axial direction and away from the working face 201, and on the upper side of the base 22. The reaction frame 4 can be placed in this installation space, allowing the flat surface of the base 22 to be used to install and fix the reaction frame 4. In other words, the reaction frame 4 is placed on the rear side of the tension shield 304 (i.e., on the side of the tension shield 304 along its own axial direction away from the working face 201). This fully utilizes the space of the platform 2, eliminating the need for a separate installation support structure for the reaction frame 4, resulting in a reasonable overall layout.

[0060] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6The step-changing device 3 may include a connecting plate 31, a connecting arm 32, and a stop block 33. Specifically, the connecting plate 31 is fixedly disposed on the side wall of the front shield 302. For example, the connecting plate 31 may be disposed at a position near the bottom of the front shield 302 adjacent to the platform 2, and the connecting plate 31 may be welded to the side wall of the front shield 302. One end of the connecting arm 32 (such as the upper end of the connecting arm 32) is connected to the connecting plate 31, and its position relative to the connecting plate 31 along the axial direction of the tunnel 200 to be excavated is adjustable. The other end of the connecting arm 32 (such as the lower end of the connecting arm 32) may extend to a position opposite to the supporting stiffener 23, that is, the lower end of the connecting arm 32 may extend to the side of the platform 2 and be at the same height as the supporting stiffener 23. The stop block 33 can be detachably engaged with the connecting arm 32. In the first state, the stop block 33 is located at the end of the connecting arm 32 away from the connecting plate 31 and abuts against the connecting stiffener along the axial direction of the tunnel 200 to be excavated. In this way, when the shield machine 301 changes steps, the stop block 33 abuts against the supporting stiffener 23, which can provide sufficient support for the front shield 302 and prevent the front shield 302 from moving backward. In the second state, the stop block 33 can be separated from the connecting arm 32 so that the main thrust cylinder 303 can push the front shield 302 to advance.

[0061] In some embodiments, reference Figure 6 The connecting plate 31 is provided with multiple positioning connection parts 311, which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the tunnel 200 to be excavated. The connecting arm 32 may include an arm body 322 and a fixing plate 321. The fixing plate 321 is located at the first end of the arm body 322 (i.e., the upper end of the arm body 322). The fixing plate 321 may be provided with a positioning mating part 3211, which is suitable for connecting with any one of the positioning connection parts 311. Thus, when the front shield 302 has completed one stroke and needs to change steps, and the current position of the connecting arm 32 cannot allow the stop block 33 to abut against the support rib plate 23, the positioning mating part 3211 can be separated from the current positioning connection part 311 and then connected with other positioning connection parts 311 that can allow the stop block 33 to abut against the support rib plate 23. After the stop block 33 abuts against the support rib plate 23, the change step action can be performed.

[0062] In a specific example, refer to Figure 6 Both the positioning connection part 311 and the positioning mating part 3211 can be bolt holes. In this way, the connecting plate 31 and the connecting arm 32 can be connected by fastening bolts passing through the two bolt holes in sequence. The connection structure is simple and reliable, and easy to disassemble and assemble.

[0063] In some embodiments, reference Figure 6The arm body 322 may be provided with a socket, which can be a square or round hole. The cross-sectional shape of the stop block 33 is adapted to the socket. The socket penetrates the arm body 322 radially along the tunnel 200 to be excavated. The stop block 33 is detachably disposed in the socket. That is, when the step-changing device 3 is in the first state, the stop block 33 is inserted into the socket; when the step-changing device 3 is in the second state, the stop block 33 can be pulled out of the socket. In this way, the cooperation between the stop block 33 and the connecting arm 32 is relatively simple, easy to operate, and low in cost.

[0064] Of course, in some alternative embodiments, the stop block 33 can also be movably connected to the second end of the boom body 322. For example, the stop block 33 can be pivotally connected to the second end of the boom body 322, and the stop block 33 can rotate between a first position and a second position. In the first position, the stop block 33 can abut against the connecting stiffener along the axial direction of the tunnel 200 to be excavated, while in the second position, the stop block 33 is offset from the supporting stiffener 23. In this way, the step-changing operation and movement of the shield machine host 301 can also be realized, and the overall structure is simple and easy to implement.

[0065] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 2 and Figure 3 The launching platform 100 may also include anti-torsion devices 5. Specifically, there may be multiple anti-torsion devices 5, which are respectively located on both sides of the tensioning shield 304. For example, there may be four anti-torsion devices 5, with two located on one side of the tensioning shield 304 along its own radial direction and the other two located on the other side of the tensioning shield 304 along its own radial direction. The anti-torsion devices 5 can abut against the platform 2 along the circumference of the tensioning shield 304. In this way, when the front shield 302 transmits torque to the tensioning shield 304, the anti-torsion devices 5 abut against the platform 2, and the platform 2 can prevent the tensioning shield 304 from torsion. Through the cooperation of the anti-torsion devices 5 and the reaction frame 4, the tunneling posture of the shield machine 301 can be better stabilized, ensuring the safety of the operation process.

[0066] Furthermore, the anti-torsion device 5 may include an anti-torsion seat 51 and an anti-torsion block 52. The anti-torsion seat 51 may be welded to the side wall of the support shield 304, and the anti-torsion seat 51 is located near the platform 2 on the side wall of the support shield 304. The first end of the anti-torsion block 52 may be detachably connected to the anti-torsion seat 51, such as by plugging, snapping, or bolting. The second end of the anti-torsion block 52 extends to the side of the platform 2 so that the side wall of the anti-torsion block 52 abuts against the edge of the platform 2. Thus, the overall structure of the anti-torsion device 5 is relatively simple, easy to manufacture and assemble, and has a low cost.

[0067] In some embodiments, the reaction frame 4 is disposed on the upper side of the base 22 of the platform 2. There are two reaction frames 4, which are arranged side by side along the radial direction of the tunnel 200 to be excavated on the side of the tensioning shield 304 away from the tunnel 200 to be excavated, and are detachably connected to the base 22 and the tail of the tensioning shield 304, respectively. In this way, the reaction frame 4, the tensioning shield 304, the platform 2, and the bracket 1 can be connected as a whole, thereby better providing reaction force to the tensioning shield 304 and stabilizing the attitude of the tunnel boring machine 301.

[0068] For example Figure 3 As shown, the reaction frame 4 may include: a reaction base plate 41, a reaction vertical plate 42, and a support column 43. The reaction base plate 41 is connected to the base 22 of the platform 2, for example, by bolts. The reaction vertical plate 42 extends vertically, and its bottom end is fixedly connected to the reaction base plate 41, for example, by welding. The reaction vertical plate 42 is also fixedly connected to the end face of the shield 304, for example, by bolts. The support column 43 is arranged at an angle, and its upper end is connected to the upper part of the reaction vertical plate 42, for example, by welding. Its bottom end is fixedly connected to the reaction base plate 41, for example, by welding. Thus, the reaction frame 4 has a triangular structure with high structural strength, which can better stabilize the attitude of the tunnel boring machine 301.

[0069] The following is combined with Figures 1-6 The launching platform 100 of the vehicle-mounted TBM and the launching steps without a launching hole according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below:

[0070] S1, assemble bracket 1 in front of the tunnel 200 to be excavated, with the front end of bracket 1 in contact with the tunnel face 201, and fix bracket 1 to the concrete ground. Install two pre-installed sub-platforms 21a to one end of bracket 1 near the tunnel face 201 and in contact with the tunnel face 201. Connect pre-installed sub-platforms 21a to bracket 1 with bolts.

[0071] S2, the shield tunneling machine 301 is installed on multiple sub-mounting platforms 21b to be installed, and then the shield tunneling machine 301, multiple sub-mounting platforms 21b to be installed and the reaction frame 4 are placed on the transport vehicle 400.

[0072] S3, the transport vehicle 400 transports the shield tunneling machine 301, multiple sub-platforms 21b to be installed and the reaction frame 4 to the predetermined position in the transport space 112 between the two bracket units 11;

[0073] S4, using the lifting device of the transport vehicle 400, the TBM shield machine 301, along with multiple sub-platforms 21b to be installed and the reaction frame 4, is placed on the bracket 1 and driven away from the transport vehicle 400.

[0074] S5, connect the multiple sub-stands 21b to be installed, the pre-installed sub-stands 21a and the bracket 1 to each other;

[0075] S6, fix the reaction frame 4 to the base 22 of the platform 2 with bolts.

[0076] S7, the main thrust cylinder 303 begins to extend, driving the front shield 302 forward until the main thrust cylinder 303 has exhausted its stroke;

[0077] S8, loosen the bolts between the reaction frame 4 and the platform 2, insert the stop block 33 into the insertion hole of the connecting arm 32, adjust the position of the connecting arm 32 on the connecting plate 31 so that the stop block 33 and the support rib plate 23 of the platform 2 are in a limited fit, and then retract the main push cylinder 303 to complete one step change stroke.

[0078] S9. Repeat the above steps until the cutter head at the front end of the front shield 302 presses against the working face 201.

[0079] S10, adjust the position of the tension shield 304 of the TBM shield machine 301 to ensure that the main thrust cylinder 303 is in the fully retracted state, then remove the stop block 33 from the connecting arm 32 and fix the reaction frame 4 to the tension shield 304.

[0080] S11, start without starting hole, the cutter head rotates, the main thrust cylinder 303 begins to extend until the main thrust cylinder 303 has exhausted its stroke, at this time the front shield 302 of the TBM is fully in the hole;

[0081] S12 extends the stabilizer above the front shield 302, making the front shield 302 brace against the cave wall, and retracts the main thrust cylinder 303, which can complete one shift.

[0082] S13, repeat the above two steps S11 and S13 to complete the TBM tunneling without a starting tunnel. After the shield 304 is fully tightened and has entered the tunnel, the anti-torsion device 5 and the reaction frame 4 can be removed. At this time, the TBM will start the split tunneling mode.

[0083] S14, disassemble platform 2 and bracket 1, transfer them to the next working face for work, repeat the above process to complete the excavation of the entire multi-channel complex space tunnel.

[0084] It should be noted that the embodiments referred to in the specification, such as "one embodiment," "embodiment," "exemplary embodiment," and "some embodiments," may include specific features, structures, or characteristics, but not every embodiment necessarily includes that specific feature, structure, or characteristic. Furthermore, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Moreover, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments, whether explicitly described or not, is within the knowledge scope of those skilled in the art.

[0085] Generally speaking, terms should be understood at least in part by their use in context. For example, at least in part by context, the term "one or more" as used in the text can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic of the singular meaning, or a combination of features, structures, or characteristics of the plural meaning. Similarly, at least in part by context, terms such as "a" or "the" can also be understood to convey either singular or plural usage.

[0086] It should be readily understood that the terms “on,” “above,” and “on top of” in this disclosure should be interpreted in the broadest possible sense, such that “on” means not only “directly on something” but also “on something” with an intermediate feature or layer therebetween, and that “above” or “on top of” means not only “on top of something” but also “on top of something” without an intermediate feature or layer therebetween (i.e., directly on something).

[0087] Furthermore, for ease of explanation, spatially relative terms such as "below," "below," "under," "above," and "above" may be used to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to other elements or features as shown in the figures. Spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation other than those shown in the figures. The device may have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptive terms used herein may be interpreted accordingly.

[0088] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A launching platform for tunneling equipment, the tunneling equipment comprising a shield tunneling machine, the shield tunneling machine comprising a front shield, a tensioning shield, and a main thrust cylinder, characterized in that, The originating platform includes: A bracket is provided on the front side of the tunnel to be excavated, and the bracket extends along the axial direction of the tunnel to be excavated; A platform is mounted on the upper side of the bracket, the platform extends along the axial direction of the tunnel to be excavated, the platform has a mounting surface adapted to the shield machine, and the shield machine is movably mounted on the mounting surface of the platform along the axial direction of the tunnel to be excavated. A reaction frame, which is mounted on the platform and fixedly connected to the tensioning shield; A step-changing device is connected to the front shield. The step-changing device has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the step-changing device is limited to the platform so that the front shield drives the tensioning shield to step forward through the main thrust cylinder. In the second state, the step-changing device is separated from the platform so that the tensioning shield pushes the front shield forward through the main thrust cylinder. The bracket includes two bracket units arranged radially opposite to each other and spaced apart along the tunnel to be excavated, and the two ends of the platform are respectively fixedly connected to the two bracket units; The platform includes multiple sub-platforms, which are arranged sequentially and connected along the axial direction of the tunnel to be excavated. Each sub-platform is connected to two bracket units at both ends. A transport channel is defined between the two bracket units; The plurality of sub-platforms includes pre-installed sub-platforms and sub-platforms to be installed, wherein the pre-installed sub-platforms are installed at one end of the bracket near the tunnel to be excavated. The shield tunneling machine is installed on the sub-platform to be installed and transported to the transport channel by a transport vehicle. The shield tunneling machine, along with the multiple sub-platforms to be installed and the reaction frame, is placed on the bracket by the lifting device of the transport vehicle and then driven away from the transport vehicle to be installed on the bracket.

2. The launching platform of the tunneling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each bracket unit includes multiple sub-brackets, which are arranged sequentially and connected along the axial direction of the tunnel to be excavated.

3. The launching platform of the tunneling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sub-stand includes: A base, which is disposed on the upper side of the bracket and connected to the bracket; Supporting stiffeners, wherein there are multiple supporting stiffeners, and the multiple supporting stiffeners are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the tunnel to be excavated on the upper side of the base, and the top edge of the supporting stiffeners is formed into an arc shape adapted to the shield machine host. The mounting plate is fixed to the upper side of the support rib plate, and the lower surface of the mounting plate is adapted to and fits the top edge of the support rib plate. The tunnel boring machine is mounted on the mounting plate.

4. The launching platform of the tunneling equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step-changing device includes: A connecting plate, which is fixedly disposed on the side wall of the front shield; A connecting arm, one end of which is connected to the connecting plate and is adjustable relative to the connecting plate along the axial direction of the tunnel to be excavated; the other end of which extends to a position opposite to the supporting stiffener. The stop block is detachably coupled to the connecting arm. In the first state, the stop block is located at the end of the connecting arm away from the connecting plate and abuts against the connecting rib along the axial direction of the tunnel to be excavated. In the second state, the stop block is separated from the connecting arm.

5. The launching platform of the tunneling equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connecting plate is provided with a plurality of positioning connecting parts arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the tunnel to be excavated. The connecting arm includes an arm body and a fixing plate. The fixing plate is disposed at the first end of the arm body and is provided with a positioning and mating part. The positioning and mating part is adapted to be connected to any one of the positioning and connecting parts. The arm body is provided with a socket, which penetrates the arm body radially along the tunnel to be excavated, and the stop block is detachably provided in the socket.

6. The launching platform of the tunneling equipment according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The launching platform further includes an anti-torsion device, wherein there are multiple anti-torsion devices, which are respectively located on both sides of the support shield and abut against the platform along the circumference of the support shield.

7. The launching platform of the tunneling equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reaction force is mounted on the upper side of the base. There are two reaction force frames. The two reaction force frames are arranged side by side along the radial direction of the tunnel to be excavated on the side of the support shield away from the tunnel to be excavated, and are detachably connected to the base and the tail of the support shield, respectively.

Images