An integrated excavating, anchoring and transporting machine and a method for operating the machine

Abstract

The application discloses an integrated excavating, anchoring and conveying machine and an excavating machine operation method, relates to the field of roadway excavation and support, and provides the integrated excavating, anchoring and conveying machine and the excavating machine operation method, which can realize the full mechanization of coal rock / rock excavation, net laying and conveying and support. The three-stage movement of the carrying device, the anchor net conveying device and the conveying mechanism increases the support stroke, the anchor net can be moved to the front end of the roadway head without repeatedly adjusting the position of the excavating machine body, and the excavation and support are realized simultaneously. The two-stage lifting ensures the stability of the anchor net during long-distance transportation, and the moving mode of the two-stage lifting can fully utilize the space above the roadway, avoids the contact between the anchor net conveying device and other equipment in the roadway, and can lay the net under the working condition of a small roof spacing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel excavation and support, specifically to an integrated tunneling machine that combines excavation, anchoring, and hauling, and a method for operating the tunneling machine. Background Technology

[0002] Underground tunneling and support are essential processes for developing underground tunnels. There are two main methods for underground development: drilling and blasting, and tunneling machine development. Support is mostly done manually. Currently, there are tunneling machine-mounted anchor drilling rigs on the market, such as the Chinese utility model patent, invention name: integrated tunneling and exploration machine, application number: CN201420786049.X. This equipment integrates two anchor drilling rigs on both sides of the tunneling machine. After the tunneling work is completed, the on-board anchor drilling rigs are operated manually for support work. Although this equipment can reduce the intensity of manual labor, it cannot fundamentally achieve full mechanization of tunneling, anchor mesh transportation, and support; it only achieves partial mechanization. In addition, the drum-type tunneling and anchoring machine, such as the Chinese invention patent, invention name: tunneling and anchoring machine and tunneling system, application number: CN202111315963.7, is mainly positioned for soft rock cutting, that is, rock hardness f≤6, and it has a certain gap between the top and the bottom, so it cannot achieve full face support. Furthermore, its anchor drilling rig layout restricts the range of anchor support and cannot be equipped with anchor mesh conveying device. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems by providing an integrated tunneling, anchoring, and transporting machine and its operation method, enabling full mechanization of coal / rock tunneling, netting delivery, and support. The three-stage movement of the mounting device, netting delivery device, and delivery mechanism increases the support stroke, allowing the netting to be moved to the front of the roadway face without repeated adjustments to the tunneling machine's position, achieving simultaneous support during tunneling. A two-stage lifting mechanism ensures stability during long-distance netting transport, while also fully utilizing the space above the roadway, preventing the netting delivery device from colliding with other equipment within the roadway, and enabling netting delivery even with small ceiling gaps.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0005] An integrated tunneling, anchoring, and hauling machine includes a tunneling machine body with a cutting mechanism for the working face, an anchor mesh conveying device, a mounting device, and a drilling system. The mounting device is a gantry structure with a support platform on its top for supporting the anchor mesh conveying device. The mounting device is equipped with a support mechanism that provides support to a target area. The mounting device straddles the tunneling machine body and is movably connected to it via a first horizontal drive device, which can move the mounting device horizontally relative to the tunneling machine body. The anchor mesh conveying device is vertically connected to the mounting platform of the mounting device via an anchor mesh lifting device. The second horizontal drive device is movably connected to the anchor net lifting device, which can drive the anchor net conveying device to move horizontally relative to the mounting device. The anchor net conveying device includes a conveying platform for carrying the anchor net and a conveying mechanism for the anchor net on the conveying platform that can move horizontally. The mounting device is also equipped with a drilling system, which includes a drilling rig and a position control mechanism. The position control mechanism is installed on the mounting device, and the drilling rig is assembled on the position control mechanism and can change its relative position with the mounting device under the drive of the position control mechanism. An anchor rod is installed at the drilling rig, which can drive the anchor rod to drill a hole on the target surface and confine the anchor rod inside the drill hole. The anchor rod is equipped with a tray that can confine the anchor net.

[0006] Furthermore, the support mechanism includes a lifting support section and a side support section; the lifting support section can move relative to the mounting device along the Z-axis direction, and can extend relative to the mounting device and abut against the bottom surface of the target area to form support; the side support section can displace relative to the mounting device along the Y-axis direction, and can extend relative to the mounting device and abut against the side wall of the target area to form side support. The lifting support section includes a leg lifting drive structure and a leg structure; the leg lifting drive structure can drive the leg structure to extend and retract along the Z-axis direction; the leg structure can extend relative to the mounting device and abut against the roadway floor to support the mounting device under the action of the leg lifting drive structure.

[0007] Furthermore, the anchor net conveying device can move along the Z-axis direction under the drive of the anchor net lifting device, and can be displaced along the X-axis direction under the drive of the second horizontal driving device; the conveying platform is provided with a hollow conveying opening, and the conveying mechanism is assembled below the conveying platform. The conveying mechanism includes a conveying execution mechanism and a conveying drive mechanism. The conveying execution mechanism can perform cyclical motion along a circular or near-circular trajectory in the vertical plane under the drive of the conveying drive mechanism, driving the conveying execution mechanism to extend into the gap of the anchor net from the conveying opening and push the anchor net to step along the X-axis direction.

[0008] Furthermore, a side plate is provided below the conveying platform; the conveying drive mechanism includes a first link, a second link, a third link, and a conveying drive device that are hinged in sequence. The other end of the first link relative to the hinged second link is hinged to the side plate of the conveying platform, and the other end of the third link relative to the hinged second link is hinged to the side plate. A branch connection portion extends from the middle of the second link toward the conveying actuator, and the extended end of the branch connection portion is hinged to the conveying actuator. The conveying drive device drives the end of the third link that is hinged to the side plate to rotate.

[0009] Furthermore, the conveying actuator includes a horizontal element and several vertical elements perpendicular to the horizontal element. The horizontal element is arranged along the X-axis and matches the conveying opening. The several vertical elements are spaced apart along the length of the horizontal element. The conveying drive mechanism is connected to the horizontal element. The conveying drive mechanism drives the horizontal element so that the several vertical elements on it move synchronously. The vertical elements can extend into the gap of the anchor net from the conveying opening and push the anchor net to step along the X-axis.

[0010] Furthermore, the posture control mechanism includes an arched drilling rig track, a drilling rig displacement device, a first rotation device, and a second rotation device; the arched drilling rig track is mounted on the mounting device, the drilling rig displacement device matches the arched drilling rig track and can move along the arched drilling rig track; the first rotation device is mounted on the drilling rig displacement device, the second rotation device is mounted on the first rotation device, and the drilling rig is mounted on the second rotation device; the drilling rig can move along the arched drilling rig track via the drilling rig displacement device, rotate along the Y-axis via the first rotation device, and rotate along the radial direction of the arched drilling rig track corresponding to the drilling rig displacement device via the second rotation device.

[0011] Furthermore, the drilling rig includes a drill rod rotation drive mechanism, a drill rod feed drive mechanism, a drill frame, a drilling rig mounting mechanism, and a drill rod guide bracket. The drill frame is mounted on the attitude control mechanism via the drilling rig mounting mechanism. The drill rod feed drive mechanism is assembled at the tail end of the drill frame, and the drill rod guide bracket is assembled at the head end of the drill frame. The drill rod rotation drive mechanism can move along the length direction of the drill frame under the drive of the drill rod feed drive mechanism. The tail end of the anchor rod is assembled to the drill rod rotation drive mechanism, and the head / middle part is assembled to the drill rod guide bracket. The anchor rod can rotate under the drive of the drill rod rotation drive mechanism and feed towards the head end of the anchor rod along the length direction under the drive of the drill rod feed drive mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the anchor net lifting device includes an upper platform, a cross link, a lifting drive device, and a lower platform. The lower platform is mounted on the support platform of the mounting device. The cross link connects the upper platform and the lower platform. The lifting drive device can drive the cross link to unfold or fold. The upper platform is equipped with a second horizontal drive device, which can drive the conveying platform to move along the X-axis.

[0013] A method for operating a tunneling machine, using the aforementioned integrated tunneling, anchoring, and hauling machine, includes the following steps:

[0014] Working of the tunneling machine body: The tunneling machine body moves to the working area and starts the cutting mechanism to carry out cutting operations. After the cut roadway is formed, the cutting mechanism falls on the roadway floor to carry out support operations.

[0015] Anchor net feeding operation: The first horizontal drive device drives the mounting device to move away from the facing direction, and the second horizontal drive device drives the conveying platform of the anchor net conveying device to move away from the facing direction, placing the anchor net on the anchor net conveying device.

[0016] Support steps of the mounting device: The first horizontal drive device drives the mounting device to move in the head-on direction. After moving to the target position, the support mechanism on the mounting device is activated to carry out the support operation.

[0017] Anchor mesh conveying steps: The second horizontal drive device drives the conveying platform of the anchor mesh conveying device to move towards the facing direction. The anchor mesh lifting device is raised to the half-lifting state, so that there is a gap between the anchor mesh on the conveying platform and the roadway roof. The conveying mechanism is started to push the anchor mesh to the target support area at the facing direction. The anchor mesh lifting device is raised to the full-lifting state, so that the anchor mesh abuts against the roadway roof.

[0018] Anchor bolt fixing steps: Adjust the position of the drilling rig through the position control mechanism so that the head end of the anchor bolt mounted on the drilling rig is aligned with the roadway roof. The drilling rig starts working, rotating the anchor bolt and feeding it to drill a hole in the roadway roof. Drive the anchor bolt through the mesh of the anchor net and fix it in the drill hole. The anchor net is supported by the tray on the anchor bolt. Cyclic fixing steps: The anchor net lifting device returns to the half-lifted state. Drive the conveying platform away from the facing direction by one support distance through the second horizontal drive device, and / or retract the support mechanism on the mounting device. Drive the mounting device away from the facing direction through the first horizontal drive device. The support mechanism supports again. The drilling rig system performs the anchor bolt fixing steps. Repeat this step until the anchor net is completely fixed to the roof.

[0019] Reset Procedure: The drilling rig, anchor mesh lifting device, and anchor mesh conveying device are reset; the support mechanism is retracted; the mounting device is reset; and the cutting mechanism is raised.

[0020] Furthermore, in the anchor net conveying step, the conveying mechanism drives the third link to rotate around the hinge point with the side plate, causing the conveying actuator to circulate along a circular or near-circular trajectory. When the vertical element on the conveying actuator rises, it extends into the gap of the anchor net from the conveying opening. When it descends, it pushes the anchor net to step along the X-axis until the anchor net is conveyed to the target position. The conveying actuator then resets, and the top of the vertical element does not exceed the platform of the conveying platform.

[0021] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. This invention increases the support stroke through three-stage movement of the mounting device, the anchor net conveying device, and the conveying mechanism. Without repeatedly adjusting the position of the tunneling machine body, the anchor net can be moved to the front end of the roadway face, realizing support as it is excavated.

[0023] 2. This invention ensures the stability of the anchor net during long-distance transportation through a two-stage lifting mechanism. At the same time, the two-stage lifting movement method can make full use of the space above the roadway, avoid the anchor net conveying device from contacting other equipment in the roadway, and allow net laying to be carried out under conditions with small ceiling gaps.

[0024] 3. The drilling system design of this invention realizes multi-degree-of-freedom, all-round, and efficient support for the drilling system. This anchor-supported tunneling machine truly realizes fully mechanized underground operations and reduces the labor intensity of workers.

[0025] 4. The arched drilling rig track of the present invention not only adapts to the structure of the mounting device, but also provides a larger support range and high space utilization.

[0026] 5. This invention achieves an organic combination of tunneling, mesh laying, and anchor drilling functions, enabling rapid, safe, and efficient tunneling of underground roadways.

[0027] 6. This invention can support the sidewalls, greatly ensuring the safety of personnel working underground.

[0028] 7. The anchor mesh conveying device of the present invention makes full use of the gaps in the anchor mesh through the linkage mechanism, which can not only realize the conveying of the anchor mesh, but also convey the anchor mesh to the front and then back to the lower part of the anchor mesh, so as not to affect the drilling operation. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the integrated tunneling, anchoring, and hauling tunneling machine of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling rig displacement device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anchor net conveying device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a front view of the anchor net conveying device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the conveying mechanism of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the displacement direction of the anchor net conveying device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cyclic motion trajectory of the conveying mechanism of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anchor bolt restricting the anchor mesh of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the movable base of the present invention.

[0039] Markings in the diagram: 1-Anchor mesh conveying device, 2-Equipping device, 201-Bearing platform, 202-Side mounting plate, 203-Side support section, 20301-Side scissor lift base plate, 20302-Side scissor lift connecting rod, 20303-Side scissor lift top plate, 204-Lifting support section, 20401-Outrigger lifting drive structure, 20402-Outrigger structure, 20403-Outrigger base, 205-Arch-shaped drilling rig track 206 - Equipped with guide strips; 3 - Drilling rig system; 301 - Drilling rig; 30101 - Drill rod rotation drive mechanism; 30102 - Drill rod feed drive mechanism; 30103 - Drill frame; 30104 - Drilling rig mounting mechanism; 30105 - Drill rod guide bracket; 302 - First rotation device; 303 - Drilling rig second rotation device; 304 - Drilling rig displacement device; 30401 - Moving base; 30402 - Moving base 30403-Meshing wheel drive device, 30404-Brake, 4-Tunneling machine body, 401-Cutting mechanism, 402-Guide groove, 403-First horizontal drive device, 11-Anchor net, 1201-Conveying platform, 1202-Side plate, 1203-Side guide rail, 1204-Rack, 1205-Conveying opening, 13-Anchor net lifting device, 1301-Upper platform, 13011-Guide groove, 1302-Cross linkage, 1303-Lifting drive device, 1304-Lower platform, 14-Conveying mechanism, 1401-Upright element, 1402-Horizontal element, 1403-First connecting ear, 1404-Second connecting ear, 1405-Conveying drive mechanism, 14051-First link, 14052-Second link, 14053-Third link, 15-Second horizontal drive device. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] A tunneling machine that integrates excavation, anchoring, and hauling, such as Figure 1-10 As shown, the system includes a tunneling machine body 4, which is equipped with a cutting mechanism 401 for the working face, an anchor mesh conveying device 1, a mounting device 2, and a drilling system 3. The mounting device 2 is a portal frame structure, with a supporting platform 201 on its top for supporting the anchor mesh conveying device 1. Two side mounting plates 202 are symmetrically connected to both sides of the supporting platform 201 in the Y-axis direction. The mounting device 2 is equipped with a support mechanism that can act on the target area to form a support. The mounting device 2 spans across the tunneling machine body 4 and is connected to a first horizontal... The drive unit 403 is movably connected to the tunneling machine body 4. The first horizontal drive unit 403 can drive the mounting device 2 to move horizontally relative to the tunneling machine body 4. The tunneling machine body 4 has mounting guide grooves 402 symmetrically arranged on both sides along the Y-axis. The mounting guide grooves 402 are arranged along the X-axis. The mounting device 2 has mounting guide bars 206 that match the mounting guide grooves 402. The mounting guide bars 206 can be displaced along the mounting guide grooves 402 in the X-axis direction. Preferably, the first horizontal drive unit 403 is a double-acting drive unit mounted on the tunneling machine body 4. Hydraulic cylinders are used, with pairs of double-acting hydraulic cylinders symmetrically arranged on both sides of the tunneling machine body along the 4Y axis. The movable cylinder of each double-acting hydraulic cylinder is connected to the mounting device 2. The anchor net conveying device 1 is vertically connected to the bearing platform 201 of the mounting device 2 via the anchor net lifting device 13. The anchor net conveying device 1 is movably connected to the anchor net lifting device 13 via a second horizontal drive device 15, which can drive the anchor net conveying device 1 to move horizontally relative to the mounting device 2. The anchor net conveying device 1 includes a conveying platform 1201 for carrying the anchor net 11, and a... The platform 1201 is a horizontally movable conveying platform for conveying the anchor net 11. The mounting device 2 is also equipped with a drilling system 3, which includes a drilling rig 301 and a position control mechanism. The position control mechanism is installed on the mounting device 2, and the drilling rig 301 is mounted on the position control mechanism and can change its relative position with the mounting device 2 under the drive of the position control mechanism. An anchor rod is mounted on the drilling rig 301, which can drive the anchor rod to drill a hole on the target surface and confine the anchor rod inside the hole. The anchor rod is provided with a tray that can confine the anchor net 11.

[0044] The support mechanism includes a lifting support part 204 and a side support part 203. The lifting support part 204 can move relative to the mounting device 2 along the Z-axis. The lifting support part 204 can extend relative to the mounting device 2 and abut against the bottom surface of the target area to form support. Specifically, four lifting support parts 204 are distributed at the four corners of the mounting device 2 and are fixedly welded to the side mounting plate 202. The lifting support part 204 includes a leg lifting drive structure 20401 and a leg structure 20402. The leg lifting drive structure 20401 can drive the leg structure 20402 to extend and retract along the Z-axis. Under the action of the leg lifting drive structure 20401, the leg structure 20402 can extend relative to the mounting device 2 and abut against the roadway floor to support the mounting device 2. The bottom end of the leg structure 20402 is provided with a pointed leg base 20403. The pointed structure can break up the lump coal in the roadway when it abuts against the roadway floor, making the support more stable. Each of the two side mounting plates 202 has a side support 203 on its outer side. The side support 203 can be displaced relative to the mounting device 2 along the Y-axis. The side support 203 can extend relative to the mounting device 2 and abut against the side wall of the target area to form a side support. The side support unit 203 is a common scissor lift mechanism, including a side scissor lift base plate 20301, a side scissor lift top plate 20303, a side scissor lift connecting rod 20302, and a side scissor lift driving device. The side scissor lift base plate 20301 is mounted on the outside of the side mounting plate 202. The side scissor lift top plate 20303 is connected to the side scissor lift base plate 20301 through the side scissor lift connecting rod 20302. The side scissor lift driving device can drive the side scissor lift connecting rod 20302 to fold or unfold. When the side scissor lift connecting rod 20302 is folded, the side scissor lift top plate 20303 is retracted to the side mounting plate 202. When the side scissor lift connecting rod 20302 is unfolded, the side scissor lift top plate 20303 can support the side wall of the roadway, pressing tightly against the side wall of the roadway, providing support for the side wall of the roadway, preventing the side wall coal wall from collapsing, and achieving side support for the roadway.

[0045] The anchor net conveying device 1 can move along the Z-axis direction under the drive of the anchor net lifting device 13, and can be displaced along the X-axis direction under the drive of the second horizontal driving device 15; the conveying platform 1201 is provided with a hollow conveying opening 1205, and the conveying mechanism 14 is assembled below the conveying platform 1201. The conveying mechanism 14 includes a conveying execution mechanism and a conveying drive mechanism 1405. The conveying execution mechanism can perform cyclical movement along a circular or near-circular trajectory in the vertical plane under the drive of the conveying drive mechanism 1405, driving the conveying execution mechanism to extend into the gap of the anchor net 11 from the conveying opening 1205 and push the anchor net 11 to step along the X-axis direction.

[0046] The conveying platform 1201 is provided with a side plate 1202 below it. The conveying drive mechanism 1405 includes a first connecting rod 14051, a second connecting rod 14052, a third connecting rod 14053 and a conveying drive device, which are hinged in sequence. The other end of the first connecting rod 14051 relative to the hinged second connecting rod 14052 is hinged to the side plate 1202 of the conveying platform 1201 through a first connecting lug 1403. The other end of the third connecting rod 14053 relative to the hinged second connecting rod 14052 is hinged to the side plate 1202 through a second connecting lug 1404. The middle part of the second connecting rod 14052 extends towards the conveying actuator with a branch connecting part. The extended end of the branch connecting part is hinged to the conveying actuator. The conveying drive device drives the end of the third connecting rod 14053 that is hinged to the side plate 1202 to rotate, as shown by trajectory M in the figure. Preferably, the ratio of the first link 14051: the second link 14052: the third link 14053 is 5:10:4, and the cyclic motion trajectory is optimized by adjusting the lengths between each link.

[0047] The conveying actuator includes a horizontal element 1402 and several vertical elements 1401 perpendicular to the horizontal element 1402. The horizontal element 1402 is arranged along the X-axis and matches the conveying opening 1205. The several vertical elements 1401 are spaced apart along the length of the horizontal element 1402. The conveying drive mechanism 1405 is connected to the horizontal element 1402. The conveying drive mechanism 1405 drives the horizontal element 1402 so that the several vertical elements 1401 on it move synchronously. The vertical elements 1401 can extend into the gap of the anchor net 11 from the conveying opening 1205 and push the anchor net 11 to step along the X-axis.

[0048] The posture control mechanism includes an arched drilling rig track 205, a drilling rig displacement device 304, a first rotation device 302, and a second rotation device 303. Pairs of arched drilling rig tracks 205 are mounted on both sides of the mounting device 2 along the X-axis. The arched drilling rig tracks 205 are matched with the portal frame structure of the mounting device 2. The drilling rig displacement device 304 is matched with the arched drilling rig tracks 205 and can move along the arched drilling rig tracks 205. Specifically, the upper side of the arched drilling rig track 205 is toothed, serving to transmit motion, while the lower side is a smooth arc surface, serving a guiding function. The drilling rig displacement device 304 includes a moving seat 30401, a moving meshing wheel 30402, a meshing wheel drive device 30403, and a brake 3. 0404, the movable seat 30401 includes a mounting plate and limiting plates located on both sides of the mounting plate. The mounting plate and the limiting plates cooperate to form a π-shaped structure. The two limiting plates are located on both sides of the width direction of the arched drilling rig track 205. The movable meshing wheel 30402 is rotatably connected between the two limiting plates of the movable seat 30401. The movable meshing wheel 30402 meshes with the toothed structure of the arched drilling rig track 205. The meshing wheel drive device 30403 can drive the movable meshing wheel to rotate, thereby driving the movable seat 30401 to move along the arched drilling rig track 205. Brakes 30404 are installed on both ends of the movable seat 30401. The brakes 30404 can make the drilling system 3 firmly stop in the current position. The drilling system 3 can anchor the sidewalls and roof of the underground roadway; the first rotating device 302 is mounted on the drilling displacement device 304, the second rotating device 303 is mounted on the first rotating device 302, and the drilling rig 301 is mounted on the second rotating device 303; the drilling rig 301 can be moved along the arched drilling track 205 by the drilling displacement device 304, rotated along the Y-axis by the first rotating device 302, and rotated along the radial direction of the arched drilling track 205 corresponding to the drilling displacement device 304 by the second rotating device 303. Preferably, two drilling rigs 301 are mounted on each arched drilling track 205. Specifically, the two drilling rigs 301 matched with the facing direction are used to fix and support the anchor mesh 11 exposed on the conveying platform 1201 at the facing direction, while the two drilling rigs 301 opposite the facing direction are mainly used to supplement the lagging roof support and to provide anchor bolt support for the roadway sidewall, thereby achieving rapid and efficient support.

[0049] The drilling rig 301 includes a drill rod rotation drive mechanism 30101, a drill rod feed drive mechanism 30102, a drill frame 30103, a drilling rig 301 mounting mechanism, and a drill rod guide bracket 30105. The drill frame 30103 is mounted on the attitude control mechanism via the drilling rig 301 mounting mechanism. The drill rod feed drive mechanism 30102 is assembled at the tail end of the drill frame 30103, and the drill rod guide bracket 30105 is assembled at the head end of the drill frame 30103. The drill pipe rotation drive mechanism 30101 can move along the length direction of the drill frame 30103 under the drive of the drill pipe feed drive mechanism 30102. The tail end of the anchor rod is assembled to the drill pipe rotation drive mechanism 30101, and the head / middle part is assembled to the drill pipe guide bracket 30105. The anchor rod can rotate under the drive of the drill pipe rotation drive mechanism 30101 and feed towards the head end of the anchor rod along the length direction of the anchor rod under the drive of the drill pipe feed drive mechanism 30102.

[0050] The anchor net lifting device 13 includes an upper platform 1301, a cross link 1302, a lifting drive device 1303, and a lower platform 1304. The lower platform 1304 is mounted on the bearing platform 201 of the mounting device 2. The cross link 1302 connects the upper platform 1301 and the lower platform 1304. The lifting drive device 1303 can drive the cross link 1302 to unfold or fold. The upper platform 1301 is equipped with a second horizontal drive device 15, which can drive the conveying platform 1201 to move along the X-axis. The paired side plates 1202 are symmetrically arranged on the conveying platform 1201 along the Y-axis. The conveying drive mechanism 1405 is mounted on the outer side of the side plate 1202, and the anchor net lifting device 13 is mounted on the inner side of the side plate 1202. The inner side of the side plate 1202 is provided with a side guide rail 1203 along the X-axis. The upper platform 1301 is provided with a guide groove 13011 that cooperates with the side guide rail 1203. The guide groove 13011 can move along the length of the side guide rail 1203. Preferably, the second horizontal drive device 15 includes a rack 1204 and a drive motor with gears. The drive motor is mounted on the bottom surface of the conveying platform 1201 along the X-axis and on the upper platform 1301.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] A tunneling machine operation method, applied to the integrated tunneling, anchoring, and hauling tunneling machine as described in Example 1, such as... Figure 1-10 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0053] Working of the tunneling machine body 4: The tunneling machine body 4 moves to the working area and starts the cutting mechanism 401 to cut coal / rock. After the cut roadway is formed, the working face is exposed. The cutting mechanism 401 falls on the roadway floor to carry out support work.

[0054] Anchor net 11 loading operation: The first horizontal drive device 403 drives the mounting device 2 to move away from the facing direction, and the second horizontal drive device 15 drives the conveying platform 1201 of the anchor net conveying device 1 to move away from the facing direction, placing the anchor net 11 on the anchor net conveying device 1.

[0055] Support steps of mounting device 2: The first horizontal drive device 403 drives the mounting device 2 to move in the head-on direction. After moving to the target position, the support mechanism on the mounting device 2 is activated to carry out the support operation.

[0056] Anchor net 11 conveying steps: The second horizontal drive device 15 drives the conveying platform 1201 of the anchor net conveying device 1 to move towards the facing direction. The anchor net lifting device 13 is raised to the half-lifting state, so that the anchor net 11 on the conveying platform 1201 leaves a gap with the roadway roof. The conveying mechanism 14 is started to push the anchor net 11 to the target support area at the facing direction. The anchor net lifting device 13 is raised to the full-lifting state, so that the anchor net 11 abuts against the roadway roof.

[0057] Anchor bolt fixing steps: The position of the drilling rig 301 is adjusted by the position control mechanism. After the drilling rig displacement device 304 moves the drilling rig 301 along the arched drilling rig track 205 to the expected position, the brake 30404 constrains the drilling rig displacement device 304 on the arched drilling rig track 205. The first rotation device 302 and the second rotation device 303 of the drilling rig cooperate to adjust the angle of the drilling rig 301, so that the first end of the anchor bolt mounted on the drilling rig 301 is aligned with the roadway roof. The drilling rig 301 works, rotating the anchor bolt and feeding, drilling a hole in the roadway roof, driving the anchor bolt through the mesh of the anchor net 11 and fixing it in the drilled hole. The anchor net 11 is supported by the tray on the anchor bolt. Cyclic fixing steps: The anchor net lifting device 13 returns to the half-lifted state. At this time, because the anchor bolt already supports the anchor net 11, one end of the anchor net 11 is constrained to the roadway roof. Then, the second... The horizontal drive device 15 drives the conveying platform 1201 to move away from the facing direction by a support distance. The support distance is selected according to the actual construction requirements and working conditions, generally 1-2m, and / or retracts the support mechanism on the mounting device 2. The first horizontal drive device 403 drives the mounting device 2 to move away from the facing direction, the support mechanism is re-supported, and the drilling system 3 performs the anchor bolt fixing step. This step is repeated until the anchor net 11 is completely fixed to the top plate. Specifically, the second horizontal drive device 15 is used for displacement within the adjustment range of the drilling rig 301. When the distance that the anchor net 11 needs to support exceeds the adjustment range of the drilling rig 301, the first horizontal drive device 403 needs to adjust the horizontal position of the mounting device 2, driving the drilling system 3 to move, so that the adjustment range of the drilling rig 301 can be readjusted to the construction requirements.

[0058] Reset steps: Drilling rig 301, anchor net lifting device 13, anchor net conveying device 1 are reset, support mechanism is retracted, mounting device 2 is reset, and cutting mechanism 401 is raised.

[0059] In the anchor net 11 conveying step, the conveying mechanism 14 drives the third connecting rod 14053 to rotate around the hinge point with the side plate 1202, causing the conveying actuator to perform cyclic motion along a circular or near-circular trajectory. The cyclic motion trajectory in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the trajectory is similar to a circular path. When the upright element 1401 on the conveying actuator is raised, it extends into the gap of the anchor net 11 through the conveying opening 1205. When it is lowered, it pushes the anchor net 11 to step along the X-axis until the anchor net 11 is conveyed to the target position. The conveying actuator then resets, and the top of the upright element 1401 does not exceed the platform of the conveying platform 1201.

[0060] This article uses specific embodiments to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0061] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this invention is usually placed during use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0062] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A tunneling machine integrating excavation, anchoring, and hauling, comprising a tunneling machine body, characterized in that, It also includes an anchor mesh conveying device, a mounting device, and a drilling rig system. The mounting device is a portal frame structure, with a support platform on top for supporting the anchor mesh conveying device. The mounting device is equipped with a support mechanism that can act on the target area to form a support. The mounting device straddles the tunneling machine body and is movably connected to the tunneling machine body via a first horizontal drive device, which can drive the mounting device to move horizontally relative to the tunneling machine body. The anchor mesh conveying device is vertically connected to the mounting platform of the mounting device via an anchor mesh lifting device. The anchor mesh conveying device is movably connected to the anchor mesh lifting device via a second horizontal drive device, which can drive the anchor mesh conveying... The device moves horizontally relative to the mounting device; the anchor net conveying device includes a conveying platform for carrying the anchor net and a conveying mechanism for the anchor net on the conveying platform that can move horizontally; the mounting device also carries a drilling system, which includes a drilling rig and a position control mechanism. The position control mechanism is installed on the mounting device, and the drilling rig is mounted on the position control mechanism and can change its relative position with the mounting device under the drive of the position control mechanism; an anchor rod is mounted at the drilling rig, which can drive the anchor rod to drill a hole on the target surface and confine the anchor rod within the drill hole. The anchor rod is equipped with a tray that can confine the anchor net; the anchor net conveying device can move along the Z-axis under the drive of the anchor net lifting device. The device can be displaced along the X-axis under the drive of the second horizontal drive device; the conveying platform is provided with a hollowed-out conveying opening, and the conveying mechanism is assembled below the conveying platform. The conveying mechanism includes a conveying execution mechanism and a conveying drive mechanism. The conveying execution mechanism can perform cyclical motion along a circular or near-circular trajectory in the vertical plane under the drive of the conveying drive mechanism, driving the conveying execution mechanism to extend into the gap of the anchor net from the conveying opening and push the anchor net to step along the X-axis; a side plate is provided below the conveying platform; the conveying drive mechanism includes a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a third connecting rod, and a conveying drive device that are hinged in sequence. The other end of the first connecting rod relative to the hinged second connecting rod is hinged to the side plate of the conveying platform, and the third connecting rod... The other end of the rod relative to the hinged second link is hinged to the side plate. The middle part of the second link extends towards the conveying actuator with a branch connection. The extended end of the branch connection is hinged to the conveying actuator. The conveying drive device drives the end of the third link hinged to the side plate to rotate. The conveying actuator includes a horizontal element and several vertical elements perpendicular to the horizontal element. The horizontal element is arranged along the X-axis and matches the conveying opening. The several vertical elements are spaced along the length of the horizontal element. The conveying drive mechanism is connected to the horizontal element. The conveying drive mechanism drives the horizontal element so that the several vertical elements on it move synchronously. The vertical elements can extend into the gap of the anchor net from the conveying opening and push the anchor net to step along the X-axis.

2. The integrated tunneling, anchoring, and hauling machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support mechanism includes a lifting support part and a side support part; the lifting support part can move relative to the mounting device along the Z-axis direction, and the lifting support part can extend relative to the mounting device and abut against the bottom surface of the target area to form support; the side support part can move relative to the mounting device along the Y-axis direction, and the side support part can extend relative to the mounting device and abut against the side wall of the target area to form side support.

3. The integrated tunneling, anchoring, and hauling machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The posture control mechanism includes an arched drilling rig track, a drilling rig displacement device, a first rotation device, and a second rotation device. The arched drilling rig track is mounted on a mounting device, and the drilling rig displacement device matches the arched drilling rig track and can move along the arched drilling rig track. The first rotation device is mounted on the drilling rig displacement device, and the second rotation device is mounted on the first rotation device. The drilling rig can move along the arched drilling rig track via the drilling rig displacement device, rotate along an axis with the Y-axis as its axis via the first rotation device, and rotate along the radial direction of the arched drilling rig track corresponding to the drilling rig displacement device via the second rotation device.

4. The integrated tunneling, anchoring, and hauling machine as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The drilling rig includes a drill rod rotation drive mechanism, a drill rod feed drive mechanism, a drill frame, a drilling rig mounting mechanism, and a drill rod guide bracket. The drill frame is mounted on the attitude control mechanism via the drilling rig mounting mechanism. The drill rod feed drive mechanism is assembled at the tail end of the drill frame, and the drill rod guide bracket is assembled at the head end of the drill frame. The drill rod rotation drive mechanism can move along the length direction of the drill frame under the drive of the drill rod feed drive mechanism. The tail end of the anchor rod is assembled to the drill rod rotation drive mechanism, and the head / middle part is assembled to the drill rod guide bracket. The anchor rod can rotate under the drive of the drill rod rotation drive mechanism and feed towards the head end of the anchor rod along the length direction under the drive of the drill rod feed drive mechanism.

5. The integrated tunneling, anchoring, and hauling machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The anchor net lifting device includes an upper platform, cross links, a lifting drive device, and a lower platform. The lower platform is mounted on the support platform of the mounting device. The cross links connect the upper platform and the lower platform. The lifting drive device can drive the cross links to unfold or fold. The upper platform is equipped with a second horizontal drive device, which can drive the conveying platform to move along the X-axis.

6. A method for operating a tunneling machine, applied to an integrated tunneling, anchoring, and hauling machine as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Working of the tunneling machine body: The tunneling machine body moves to the working area and starts the cutting mechanism to carry out cutting operations. After the cut roadway is formed, the cutting mechanism falls on the roadway floor to carry out support operations. Anchor net feeding operation: The first horizontal drive device drives the mounting device to move away from the facing direction, and the second horizontal drive device drives the conveying platform of the anchor net conveying device to move away from the facing direction, placing the anchor net on the anchor net conveying device. Support steps of the mounting device: The first horizontal drive device drives the mounting device to move in the head-on direction. After moving to the target position, the support mechanism on the mounting device is activated to carry out the support operation. Anchor mesh conveying steps: The second horizontal drive device drives the conveying platform of the anchor mesh conveying device to move towards the facing direction. The anchor mesh lifting device is raised to the half-lifting state, so that there is a gap between the anchor mesh on the conveying platform and the roadway roof. The conveying mechanism is started to push the anchor mesh to the target support area at the facing direction. The anchor mesh lifting device is raised to the full-lifting state, so that the anchor mesh abuts against the roadway roof. Anchor bolt fixing steps: Adjust the position of the drilling rig through the position control mechanism so that the first end of the anchor bolt mounted on the drilling rig is aligned with the roadway roof. The drilling rig works, rotates the anchor bolt and feeds, drills a hole in the roadway roof, drives the anchor bolt to drill through the mesh of the anchor net and fixes it in the drill hole, and supports the anchor net through the tray on the anchor bolt. Cyclic fixing steps: The anchor mesh lifting device is restored to the half-lifted state. The second horizontal drive device drives the conveying platform to move away from the head by one support distance, and / or the support mechanism on the mounting device is retracted. The first horizontal drive device drives the mounting device to move away from the head, the support mechanism is re-supported, the drilling system performs the anchor bolt fixing step, and this step is repeated until the anchor mesh is completely fixed to the top plate. Reset Procedure: The drilling rig, anchor mesh lifting device, and anchor mesh conveying device are reset; the support mechanism is retracted; the mounting device is reset; and the cutting mechanism is raised.

7. The tunneling machine operation method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, In the anchor net conveying step, the conveying mechanism drives the third link to rotate around the hinge point with the side plate, causing the conveying actuator to circulate along a circular or near-circular trajectory. When the vertical element on the conveying actuator rises, it extends into the gap of the anchor net from the conveying opening. When it descends, it pushes the anchor net to step along the X-axis until the anchor net is conveyed to the target position. The conveying actuator then resets, and the top of the vertical element does not exceed the platform surface of the conveying platform.

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