A coal mine arch support structure

Abstract

The application discloses a coal mine archway supporting structure, which comprises sliding lifting assemblies, four groups of which are symmetrically arranged, supporting cross beams are fixedly assembled in the inner sides of the four groups of sliding lifting assemblies, sliding fixing assemblies are fixedly assembled at the lower ends of the inner sides of the sliding lifting assemblies on the same side, fixed supporting assemblies are fixedly assembled at the upper ends of the supporting cross beams, a plurality of planar hydraulic cylinders are fixedly assembled on the front sides of the fixed supporting assemblies, and breaking protection assemblies are fixedly assembled at the other ends of the plurality of planar hydraulic cylinders; a plurality of hole wall fitting assemblies are fixedly arranged on the upper surfaces of the fixed supporting assemblies and the breaking protection assemblies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mine shaft construction technology, specifically to a coal mine shaft support structure. Background Technology

[0002] The "horse-head gate" refers to the connection point between the vertical shaft and the bottom yard, shaped like a horse's head, and serves as a transfer point for ore, equipment, materials, and personnel. Depending on the yard's throughput capacity, horse-head gates come in single-sided and double-sided forms, with all shafts having an sloping top. The horse-head gate is equipped with stabilizing devices, trolley pushing and stopping equipment, as well as a signal room. The height of the horse-head gate is generally 4.5-5 meters, determined by the length of the material being lowered, while the width is determined by the number of transport lines, the maximum width of the transport equipment, and the width of the walkway. The sloping top section is generally no less than 5 meters long. The horse-head gate should be supported by fire-resistant materials such as concrete or reinforced concrete.

[0003] When breaking down a gate, a support structure is usually used to prevent it from collapsing under stress. However, the existing support equipment is relatively simple, and the cross-sectional structure of the gate is relatively complex, which cannot meet the support requirements. Furthermore, the gate wall is usually broken down in the order of first the arch, then the side walls, and finally the bottom plate. When breaking down the arch, the side walls and other parts may collapse, which will not only affect the subsequent breaking down, but also pose a certain threat to the safety of the workers.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a coal mine gate support structure to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a coal mine gate support structure, comprising:

[0006] The sliding lifting assembly is symmetrically arranged in four sets, and the inner side of the four sets of sliding lifting assemblies is fixedly equipped with a support beam. The lower inner side of the sliding lifting assembly on the same side is fixedly equipped with a sliding fixing assembly. The upper end of the support beam is fixedly equipped with a fixed support assembly. Multiple sets of planar hydraulic cylinders are fixedly equipped on the front side of the fixed support assembly. The other end of the multiple sets of planar hydraulic cylinders is fixedly equipped with a breaking protection assembly.

[0007] Multiple sets of hole wall fitting components are fixedly installed on the upper surfaces of the fixed support component and the breach protection component.

[0008] Furthermore, preferably, the sliding lifting assembly includes:

[0009] A sliding fixed sleeve is fixedly assembled on the lower side of the support beam. A sliding support column is slidably assembled on its inner side. A limit block is fixedly assembled on the upper end of the sliding support column, and a dustproof shell is fixedly assembled on the lower end. A drive assembly is provided inside the dustproof shell, and a travel wheel is configured on the drive assembly.

[0010] Two sets of multi-stage hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically arranged and fixedly assembled between the limit block and the sliding fixed sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, preferably, the sliding fixing component includes:

[0012] A fixing block is fixedly assembled between two sets of sliding lifting components on the same side. A fixing hydraulic cylinder is fixedly assembled on the lower surface of the middle part, and a damage-proof fixing plate is fixedly assembled at the lower end of the fixing hydraulic cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, preferably, the fixed support assembly includes:

[0014] A top bracket is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the support beam, and a top protective block is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the top bracket. A first side end protective block is rotatably mounted on both sides of the top protective block. A second side end protective block is rotatably mounted on the other side of each set of first side end protective blocks. The two sets of first side end protective blocks and the two sets of second side end protective blocks are mirror symmetrical. A first supporting hydraulic rod and a second supporting hydraulic rod are rotatably arranged on the inner side of the first side end protective block and the second side end protective block, respectively. The other ends of the first supporting hydraulic rod and the second supporting hydraulic rod are rotatably mounted on the support beam.

[0015] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, a connecting hydraulic rod is rotatably assembled between the top protective block, the first side protective block, and the second side protective block;

[0016] The supplementary protective components are provided in two sets, which are fixedly mounted on both sides of the support beam.

[0017] Furthermore, preferably, the supplementary protective component includes:

[0018] The first hydraulic rod, the second hydraulic rod, and the third hydraulic rod are all rotatably mounted on one side of the support beam. The other end of the first hydraulic rod is rotatably mounted on the second hydraulic rod. The other ends of the second hydraulic rod and the third hydraulic rod are rotatably mounted with supplementary protective blocks. The two sets of supplementary protective blocks are rotatably mounted together and are rotatably equipped with adjustable hydraulic rods.

[0019] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the breaking protection assembly is provided with breaking protection blocks corresponding to the top protection block, the first side protection block, the second side protection block, and the supplementary protection block, respectively. The multiple sets of breaking protection blocks are not connected to each other. The breaking protection blocks corresponding to the top protection block are two sets that are mirror-symmetrical, and the breaking protection blocks are fixedly mounted on the corresponding planar hydraulic cylinder.

[0020] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the hole wall fitting component is fixedly embedded on the upper surface of the top protective block, the first side protective block, the second side protective block, and the corresponding breaking protective block.

[0021] Furthermore, preferably, the cavity wall fitting assembly includes:

[0022] The fixed track is provided in two sets, which are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the upper side of the top protective block, the first side protective block, the second side protective block, or the corresponding breaking protective block. Sliding blocks are slidably mounted on the inner side of both sets of fixed tracks, and fitting support blocks are fixedly mounted on the inner side of both sets of sliding blocks. Elastic fitting blocks are fixedly mounted on both sides of the fitting support blocks.

[0023] A compression spring is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the upper end face of the support block, and its other side is fixedly embedded in the top protective block, the first side end protective block, the second side end protective block, or the corresponding breaking protective block.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a coal mine gate support structure, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] This invention includes a sliding lifting assembly that moves the entire device within the well, facilitating demolition work. A sliding fixing assembly provides support and fixation during operation, preventing movement and ensuring effective support. The sliding lifting assembly also allows for adjustments to the overall height of the device, adapting to varying downhole conditions. Both a fixed support assembly and a demolition protection assembly are equipped with supplementary components. These supplementary components replenish the support as the sliding lifting assembly rises, providing better support to the well wall. The fixed support assembly supports the areas adjacent to the demolition zone, maintaining stability. The demolition protection assembly supports the area to be demolished. During demolition, the corresponding planar hydraulic cylinder contracts to dismantle the area in sections, preventing chain reactions. This reduces the risk of failure and increases efficiency while hindering demolition work. Furthermore, wall-fitting components are installed in certain areas of the fixed support assembly and demolition protection assembly. Their contraction allows the upper surface of the device to fit as closely as possible to the well wall, providing even better support. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a coal mine gate support structure;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a sliding lifting component for a coal mine gate support structure;

[0028] Figure 3A schematic diagram of a fixed support component for a coal mine gate support structure;

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a supplementary protective component structure for a coal mine gate support structure;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a tunnel wall bonding component for a coal mine gate support structure;

[0031] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional shape of a coal mine gate;

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Sliding lifting assembly; 2. Sliding fixing assembly; 3. Support beam; 4. Fixed support assembly; 5. Planar hydraulic cylinder; 6. Demolition protection assembly; 7. Tunnel wall fitting assembly; 11. Dustproof shell; 12. Drive assembly; 13. Sliding support column; 14. Sliding fixing sleeve; 15. Multi-stage hydraulic cylinder; 16. Limit block; 21. Fixing block; 22. Fixed hydraulic cylinder; 23. Damage-proof fixing plate; 41. Top bracket; 42. Top protective block; 43. First side end protective block; 44. First supporting hydraulic rod; 45. Second side end protective block; 46. Second supporting hydraulic rod; 47. Connecting hydraulic rod; 48. Supplementary protective assembly; 481. First hydraulic rod; 482. Second hydraulic rod; 483. Supplementary protective block; 484. Third hydraulic rod; 485. Adjusting hydraulic rod; 71. Fixed track; 72. Sliding block; 73. Fitting support block; 74. Elastic fitting block; 75. Compression spring. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Please see Figures 1-6 This invention provides a coal mine gate support structure, comprising:

[0034] The sliding lifting assembly 1 is symmetrically arranged in four sets, and the inner side of the four sets of sliding lifting assemblies 1 is fixedly equipped with a support beam 3. The lower inner side of the sliding lifting assembly 1 on the same side is fixedly equipped with a sliding fixing assembly 2. The upper end of the support beam 3 is fixedly equipped with a fixing support assembly 4. Multiple sets of planar hydraulic cylinders 5 are fixedly equipped on the front side of the fixing support assembly 4. The other end of the multiple sets of planar hydraulic cylinders 5 is fixedly equipped with a breaking protection assembly 6.

[0035] Multiple sets of hole wall fitting components 7 are fixedly installed on the upper surfaces of the fixed support component 4 and the breaking protection component 6.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, a sliding lifting assembly 1 is provided, which can move the entire device within the well to facilitate the demolition work. A sliding fixing assembly 2 is also provided to support and fix the device during operation, preventing movement and ensuring effective support. Simultaneously, the sliding lifting assembly 1 can be raised and lowered to change the overall height of the device, thus adapting it to varying downhole conditions. A fixed support assembly 4 and a demolition protection assembly 6 are provided, both having equal thicknesses, each representing the thickness x of the demolition well wall per unit area. The extension / retraction length of the planar hydraulic cylinder 5 is x. Initially, the planar hydraulic cylinder 5 is in a fully retracted state, moving the device from its upper outer side to the inner side of the demolition area. At the overlapping positions, the device is raised, lowered, and extended, while the planar hydraulic cylinders extend. The fixed support component 4 and the breach protection component 6 overlap with the upper well wall, and the breach protection component 6 enters the breach area, providing some support. Following the order of arch first, then sidewall, and finally bottom plate, the corresponding planar hydraulic cylinders 5 are retracted sequentially to carry out the breach work in sections. While ensuring the breach efficiency, this prevents chain reactions and further reduces the risk. In addition, in some areas of the fixed support component 4 and the breach protection component 6, the hole wall fitting component 7 is set. By retracting, the upper surface of the device can fit as close as possible to the hole wall, thereby providing a better support effect.

[0037] Furthermore, the sliding lifting assembly 1 includes:

[0038] A sliding fixed sleeve 14 is fixedly assembled on the lower side of the support beam 3. A sliding support column 13 is slidably assembled on its inner side. A limit block 16 is fixedly assembled on the upper end of the sliding support column 13, and a dustproof shell 11 is fixedly assembled on the lower end. A drive assembly 12 is provided inside the dustproof shell 11, and a travel wheel is configured on the drive assembly 12.

[0039] Two sets of multi-stage hydraulic cylinders 15 are symmetrically arranged and are fixedly assembled between the limiting block 16 and the sliding fixed sleeve 14.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the length of the sliding support column 13 can be increased or decreased to a certain extent according to actual needs, and a matching multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 15 can be selected. The setting of the drive component 12 facilitates the movement of the device, thereby improving the breaking efficiency.

[0041] Furthermore, the sliding fixing component 2 includes:

[0042] A fixing block 21 is fixedly assembled between two sets of sliding lifting components 1 on the same side, and a fixing hydraulic cylinder 22 is fixedly assembled on its lower surface. A damage-resistant fixing piece 23 is fixedly assembled at the lower end of the fixing hydraulic cylinder 22.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the anti-damage fixing plate 23 can prevent the lower end of the fixing hydraulic cylinder 22 from being damaged unnecessarily during the support process, while reducing the pressure at the lower end of the fixing hydraulic cylinder 22 to prevent damage to the bottom, thereby damaging the fixation of the device and affecting the breaking efficiency of the device to a certain extent.

[0044] Furthermore, the fixed support assembly 4 includes:

[0045] A top bracket 41 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the support beam 3, and a top protective block 42 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the top bracket 41. A first side end protective block 43 is rotatably mounted on both sides of the top protective block 42. A second side end protective block 45 is rotatably mounted on the other side of each set of first side end protective blocks 43. The two sets of first side end protective blocks 43 and the two sets of second side end protective blocks 45 are mirror symmetrical. A first supporting hydraulic rod 44 and a second supporting hydraulic rod 46 are rotatably arranged on the inner side of the first side end protective block 43 and the second side end protective block 45, respectively. The other ends of the first supporting hydraulic rod 44 and the second supporting hydraulic rod 46 are rotatably mounted on the support beam 3.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the arrangement of the first supporting hydraulic rod 44 and the second supporting hydraulic rod 46 can change the overall shape of the device to a certain extent, and while ensuring a close fit during the support process, provide a portion of the supporting force and improve the support effect.

[0047] Furthermore, a connecting hydraulic rod 47 is rotatably assembled between the top protective block 42, the first side protective block 43, and the second side protective block 45;

[0048] The supplementary protective component 48 has two sets mirrored and is fixedly assembled on both sides of the support beam 3;

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the supplementary protective component 48 can supplement the original support system of the device when the entire device is raised, thereby improving the support range of the device and achieving a better support effect, thus improving the breaking efficiency of the horse-head gate.

[0050] Furthermore, the supplementary protection component 48 includes:

[0051] The first hydraulic rod 481, the second hydraulic rod 482, and the third hydraulic rod 484 are all rotatably mounted on one side of the support beam 3. The other end of the first hydraulic rod 481 is rotatably mounted on the second hydraulic rod 482. The other ends of the second hydraulic rod 482 and the third hydraulic rod 484 are rotatably mounted with supplementary protective blocks 483. The two sets of supplementary protective blocks 483 are rotatably mounted together, and an adjustable hydraulic rod 485 is rotatably provided.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, by retracting the first hydraulic rod 481, the second hydraulic rod 482, and the third hydraulic rod 484, the supplementary protective block 483 can be retracted to a position that does not affect the sliding fixing component 2 when not needed. When the device is raised, by extending the first hydraulic rod 481, the second hydraulic rod 482, and the third hydraulic rod 484, it supplements the entire fixed support component 4, thereby achieving a better support effect. At the same time, the number of the third hydraulic rod 484 and the supplementary protective block 483 can be increased to a certain extent according to the actual height range of the gate.

[0053] Furthermore, the breaking protection component 6 is provided with breaking protection blocks corresponding to the top protection block 42, the first side protection block 43, the second side protection block 45 and the supplementary protection block 483 respectively. The multiple sets of breaking protection blocks are not connected to each other. The breaking protection blocks corresponding to the top protection block 42 are two sets of mirror symmetrical blocks, and the breaking protection blocks are fixedly assembled on the corresponding planar hydraulic cylinder 5.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, the breaking and protection component 6 supports the area to be broken. During breaking, the corresponding planar hydraulic cylinder 5 is contracted to cause the corresponding breaking and protection block to contract, thereby exposing the area to be broken and simultaneously dismantling the area to be broken. This segmented breaking method can prevent chain reactions during the breaking process, reduce the degree of danger, and improve work efficiency.

[0055] Furthermore, the hole wall fitting component 7 is fixedly embedded on the upper surface of the top protective block 42, the first side end protective block 43, the second side end protective block 45, and the corresponding breaking protective block;

[0056] As a preferred embodiment, based on the cross-sectional shape of the horse-head gate, a certain degree of judgment can be made. When it needs to be raised or lowered, the exposed area that needs to be supplemented is the vertical plane. Therefore, the supplementary protective component 48 and the surface of the corresponding breaking protective block are not fitted with the hole wall fitting component 7.

[0057] Furthermore, the cavity wall fitting component 7 includes:

[0058] The fixed track 71 is provided in two sets, which are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the upper side of the top protective block 42, the first side protective block 43, the second side protective block 45, or the corresponding breaking protective block. The inner side of the fixed track 71 is slidably mounted with a sliding block 72, and the inner side of the sliding block 72 is fixedly mounted with a fitting support block 73. The fitting support block 73 is fixedly mounted with elastic fitting blocks 74 on both sides.

[0059] Compression spring 75 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the upper end face of the fitting support block 73, and its other side is fixedly embedded in the top protective block 42, the first side end protective block 43, the second side end protective block 45 or the corresponding breaking protective block.

[0060] As a preferred embodiment, in actual operation, as each component of the device extends, the sliding block 72 will first contact the well wall, and while continuing to extend, it will slide inward along the fixed track 71, while compressing the compression spring 75, until each component can no longer extend and then stops, thereby ensuring the best support effect of the device.

[0061] In specific implementation, the following steps are included: In the initial state, the planar hydraulic cylinder 5 is in a fully retracted state. The device is moved to a position where its upper outer side coincides with the inner side of the demolition area. The device is then raised, lowered, and extended. At the same time, the planar hydraulic cylinder is extended so that the fixed support component 4 and the demolition protection component 6 coincide with the upper well wall. Simultaneously, the demolition protection component 6 enters the demolition area and provides a certain degree of support to the demolition area. Following the order of first the arch, then the side wall, and finally the bottom plate, the corresponding planar hydraulic cylinder 5 is retracted in sequence to carry out the demolition work in sections of the demolition area. While ensuring demolition efficiency, it prevents chain reactions and further reduces the degree of risk. In addition, in some areas of the fixed support component 4 and the demolition protection component 6, the hole wall fitting component 7 is set. By retracting, the upper surface of the device can fit as close as possible to the hole wall, thereby providing a better support effect.

[0062] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A support structure for a coal mine gate, characterized in that: include: The sliding lifting assembly (1) is symmetrically arranged in four sets, and the inner side of the four sets of sliding lifting assemblies (1) is fixedly equipped with a support beam (3). The lower inner side of the sliding lifting assembly (1) on the same side is fixedly equipped with a sliding fixing assembly (2). The upper end of the support beam (3) is fixedly equipped with a fixing support assembly (4). Multiple sets of planar hydraulic cylinders (5) are fixedly equipped on the front side of the fixing support assembly (4). The other end of the multiple sets of planar hydraulic cylinders (5) is fixedly equipped with a breaking protection assembly (6). Multiple sets of hole wall fitting components (7) are fixedly installed on the upper surfaces of the fixed support component (4) and the breach protection component (6); The fixed support assembly (4) includes: A top bracket (41) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the support beam (3), and a top protective block (42) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the top bracket (41). A first side end protective block (43) is rotatably mounted on both sides of the top protective block (42). A second side end protective block (45) is rotatably mounted on the other side of each set of first side end protective blocks (43). The two sets of first side end protective blocks (43) and the two sets of second side end protective blocks (45) are mirror symmetrical. A first supporting hydraulic rod (44) and a second supporting hydraulic rod (46) are rotatably arranged on the inner side of the first side end protective block (43) and the second side end protective block (45). The other ends of the first supporting hydraulic rod (44) and the second supporting hydraulic rod (46) are rotatably mounted on the support beam (3). A connecting hydraulic rod (47) is rotatably assembled between the top protective block (42), the first side protective block (43), and the second side protective block (45); The supplementary protective components (48) are provided in two sets, which are fixedly assembled on both sides of the support beam (3); The supplementary protection component (48) includes: The first hydraulic rod (481), the second hydraulic rod (482), and the third hydraulic rod (484) are all rotatably mounted on one side of the support beam (3). The other end of the first hydraulic rod (481) is rotatably mounted on the second hydraulic rod (482). The other ends of the second hydraulic rod (482) and the third hydraulic rod (484) are rotatably mounted with supplementary protective blocks (483), and the two sets of supplementary protective blocks (483) are rotatably mounted together, and an adjustable hydraulic rod (485) is rotatably provided. The breaking protection component (6) is provided with breaking protection blocks corresponding to the top protection block (42), the first side protection block (43), the second side protection block (45) and the supplementary protection block (483). The multiple sets of breaking protection blocks are not connected to each other. The breaking protection blocks corresponding to the top protection block (42) are two sets of mirror symmetrical blocks, and the breaking protection blocks are fixedly mounted on the corresponding planar hydraulic cylinder (5).

2. The coal mine gate support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding lifting assembly (1) includes: A sliding fixed sleeve (14) is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the support beam (3), and a sliding support column (13) is slidably mounted on its inner side. A limit block (16) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the sliding support column (13), and a dust cover (11) is fixedly mounted on the lower end. A drive assembly (12) is provided inside the dust cover (11), and a travel wheel is configured on the drive assembly (12). Two sets of multi-stage hydraulic cylinders (15) are symmetrically arranged and are fixedly assembled between the limiting block (16) and the sliding fixed sleeve (14).

3. The coal mine gate support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding fixing component (2) includes: A fixing block (21) is fixedly assembled between two sets of sliding lifting components (1) on the same side. A fixing hydraulic cylinder (22) is fixedly assembled on the lower surface of the middle part. A damage-proof fixing piece (23) is fixedly assembled at the lower end of the fixing hydraulic cylinder (22).

4. The coal mine gate support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hole wall fitting component (7) is fixedly embedded on the upper surface of the top protective block (42), the first side protective block (43), the second side protective block (45), and the corresponding breaking protective block.

5. The coal mine gate support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity wall fitting assembly (7) includes: Two sets of fixed tracks (71) are mirror-arranged and fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the upper side of the top protective block (42), the first side protective block (43), the second side protective block (45), or the corresponding breaking protective block. Sliding blocks (72) are slidably mounted on the inner side of both sets of fixed tracks (71), and fitting support blocks (73) are fixedly mounted on the inner side of both sets of sliding blocks (72). Elastic fitting blocks (74) are fixedly mounted on both sides of the fitting support blocks (73). A compression spring (75) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the upper end face of the fitting support block (73), and its other side is fixedly embedded in the top protection block (42), the first side protection block (43), the second side protection block (45), or the corresponding breaking protection block.

Images