Large-dip-angle working face lower end support group and control mode

Abstract

The application discloses a large-inclination working face lower end support group and a control mode, and relates to the technical field of end support groups; beneficial effects are as follows: the end support group is controlled by adjacent supports, a support top beam supports a top plate above an operator, the safety of the operator is ensured, and the support operation position is on the lower side of the roadway, is separated from the working face by a transshipment machine and a support base, a stand and a four-bar linkage mechanism, and gangue falling from the working face is not easy to flow out; the end support group is suitable for different inclination roadway top plates through front and rear stands; a telescopic beam is designed on the rear side of the end support group, a gap between the transition support and the end support group can be blocked, and gangue leakage between the transition support and the end support group is reduced; the rear stand of the end support group is designed as an inclined column, and the transition support of the large-inclination working face can be effectively prevented from sliding downward; the lifting bottom mechanism of the end support group takes a push rod as a fulcrum to lift the bottom, and the lifting bottom jack or the lifting bottom shoe can be effectively prevented from being stuck during the lifting of the bottom; the front height and the rear bottom of the end support group pushing jack are arranged, and the end support group is convenient to pull and move.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of end support technology, and in particular to an end support assembly and control method for a large-angle working surface. Background Technology

[0002] Strengthening the support (including end support and advance support) of the two roadways in fully mechanized mining and longwall mining faces has always been a crucial factor affecting the safe and efficient mining of coal. Due to their complex geological conditions and diverse rock strata, steeply inclined faces present increased mining difficulties and safety risks. Maintaining the roof in the upper and lower roadway areas of the working face has always been a challenging issue in steeply inclined faces.

[0003] Some mines adopt a layout where the lower end haulage roadway and the working face transition smoothly with a circular arc, allowing for a smooth transition between the end support and the working face support. The roof of the lower roadway can be designed as a flat roof, solving the problem of the lower roadway end support layout. However, with this layout, the lower roadway of the fully mechanized mining face needs to be located in a rock roadway, which makes tunneling difficult. The fully mechanized longwall mining face needs to leave bottom coal, resulting in a waste of coal resources. When the working face angle is greater than 45°, it results in a large waste of coal resources.

[0004] The working face is arranged along the bottom, which can greatly improve the coal extraction rate. For steeply inclined working faces, if the roof of the lower roadway is still designed as a flat roof, the working face roof and the roadway roof will form a V-shaped angle, which will result in a narrow working face exit. Therefore, the roof of the lower roadway is often arranged as an inclined roof, and the roadway roof is approximately flush with the working face roof to ensure a safe exit of the working face.

[0005] Existing methods often employ integral end supports with inclined tops, integral end supports with rotating top beams, and horizontal end supports. These methods have the following problems:

[0006] (1) The integral end support + inclined roof support method is generally applicable to working faces with a lower roadway roof inclination angle of less than 20°. When the lower roadway inclination angle is greater than 20°, the support top beam is prone to side slippage, and the inclined roof angle is generally designed according to the average angle of the lower roadway, which cannot adapt to the changes in the roadway inclination angle, and the support top beam is prone to not connecting to the roof. If the transition support slides down, it will be difficult to move the end support.

[0007] (2) Due to the structural design limitations of the rotating mechanism, the integral end support of the rotating top beam is generally suitable for working surfaces with an inclination angle of less than 15° on the top plate of the lower chute. If the inclination angle is too large, it is easy to damage the rotating mechanism and it is not easy to control the downward movement of the working surface support.

[0008] (3) The horizontal end support structure is bulky and has a small gap with the two lanes, making it difficult to operate and move the support.

[0009] This invention addresses the aforementioned problems by providing a lower end support assembly and control method for a large-angle working surface, thereby improving the reliability of the support, adaptability to top and bottom plates, and ease of operation. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide a large-angle working surface lower end support assembly and control method to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0011] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions:

[0012] A large-angle working face lower end support assembly includes several end supports arranged side by side and a support operating valve corresponding to each end support. Each end support includes a base, with push jacks mounted on the front and rear of the base. The right end of each push jack is rotatably connected to the lower right end of the base. A through groove is formed in the middle of the base, penetrating both sides. A push rod is rotatably connected to the right side of the through groove. A bottom-lifting mechanism is fixedly installed on both sides of the base, corresponding to the position above the push plate, with its lower end extending into the through groove. A front column is rotatably connected to the front side of the upper surface of the base, and a rear column is rotatably connected to the rear side. The upper ends of both the front and rear columns are connected to a top beam. The top beam is rotatably connected, with the front end lower than the rear end. A pushing beam is provided on the left side of the base of the first end bracket from left to right. The left end of the pushing jack of the first end bracket is rotatably connected to the pushing beam via a pushing crosshead. A push rod is rotatably connected to the middle of the right side of the pushing beam, and the right end of the push rod extends into a through groove at the bottom of the base of the first end bracket. A rock-blocking mechanism is fixedly installed on the right side of the last end bracket from left to right. Between two adjacent end brackets from left to right, the push rod of the preceding end bracket extends into a through groove at the bottom of the base of the following end bracket, and the left end of the pushing jack on the following end bracket is rotatably connected to the base of the preceding end bracket.

[0013] Preferably, the left and right sides of the front column are respectively provided with front connecting rods whose lower ends are rotatably connected to the base, the left and right sides of the rear column are respectively provided with rear connecting rods whose lower ends are rotatably connected to the base, the upper end of the rear connecting rod is rotatably connected to an upper connecting rod, the upper end of the front connecting rod is rotatably connected to the middle of the upper connecting rod, and the end of the upper connecting rod away from the rear connecting rod is rotatably connected to the top beam.

[0014] Preferably, both the front column and the rear column are connected to the top beam via ball joints.

[0015] Preferably, a telescopic beam is provided at the rear end of the top beam.

[0016] Preferably, the support operation valve of the first end bracket from left to right is installed on the base of the second end bracket, and the support operation valves of the two adjacent end brackets are installed on the base of the previous end bracket; the support operation valve is used to control the movement of the pushing jack, the bottom lifting mechanism, the front column and the rear column on the corresponding end bracket.

[0017] A control method for the lower end support assembly of a large-angle working face includes the following steps:

[0018] Step S1: The jacks on both sides of the first end support from left to right extend, the push beam moves forward, and the push rod on the push beam moves forward;

[0019] Step S2: The front and rear columns of the first end support retract and the top beam descends, initiating the bottom lifting extension to press against the push rod, and the base leaves the ground to achieve bottom lifting;

[0020] Step S3: The jack on the first end support retracts, the jack on the second end support extends, and the first end support slides along the push rod to achieve the frame shifting;

[0021] Step S4: The lifting mechanism on the first end support retracts, the base touches the ground, the front and rear columns extend, and the top beam rests on the tunnel roof. The first end support is then moved.

[0022] Step S5: The top beam of the second end support descends and the bottom is raised. The pushing jack on the second end support retracts, and the pushing jack on the third end support extends. The second end support slides along the push rod to realize the frame transfer. The bottom lifting mechanism on the second end support retracts, the base lands, the front and rear columns extend, and the top beam rests on the roadway roof. The second end support completes the frame transfer.

[0023] Step S6: The subsequent end supports are moved sequentially.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] (1) The end support group is controlled by the adjacent support. The top beam of the support supports the roof above the operator to ensure the safety of the operator. The support operation position is on the lower side of the roadway, separated from the working face by a transfer machine, support base, column and four-bar linkage mechanism, so that the falling gangue from the working face is not easy to run out.

[0026] (2) The end support can adapt to roadway roofs with different inclination angles through front and rear columns.

[0027] (3) An extension beam is designed on the rear side of the end support to seal the gap with the transition support and reduce the leakage of slag between the transition support and the end support.

[0028] (4) The rear column of the end support adopts an inclined column design, which can effectively prevent the transition support from sliding down the large-angle working surface.

[0029] (5) The end support lifting mechanism uses the push rod as the fulcrum to lift the bottom, which can effectively prevent the lifting jack or lifting slipper from hitting the bottom when lifting the bottom.

[0030] (6) The end support can be used regardless of front or back and is suitable for different working surfaces.

[0031] (7) The end support is positioned with the front high and the rear low, making it convenient to move the support. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a large-angle working surface lower end support assembly as described in this invention.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the end support of the lower end support assembly of a large-angle working surface as described in this invention.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a top view of the base of the end support of the end support assembly of the large-angle working surface described in this invention.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a front view structural diagram of the lower end support assembly of a large-angle working surface described in this invention, in its usage state.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a top view of the lower end support assembly of a large-angle working surface as described in this invention, showing its usage.

[0038] Figure 6 This is a right-side structural schematic diagram of the usage state of the lower end support assembly of the large-angle working surface described in this invention.

[0039] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0040] 1. Pushing beam; 2. End support; 21. Base; 22. Front column; 23. Bottom lifting mechanism; 24. Rear connecting rod; 25. Front connecting rod; 26. Upper connecting rod; 27. Top beam; 28. Telescopic beam; 29. ​​Rear column; 3. Support control valve; 4. Rock blocking mechanism; 5. Pushing crosshead; 6. Push rod; 7. Pushing jack; 8. Transfer machine; 9. Coal mining machine; 10. Front conveyor; 11. Working face support; 12. Rear conveyor. Detailed Implementation

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention can be understood through the specific circumstances.

[0043] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0044] like Figures 1-6As shown, a large-angle working face lower end support assembly includes several end supports 2 arranged side by side and a support operating valve corresponding to each end support 2. The end support 2 includes a base 21, with push jacks 7 respectively installed at the front and back of the base 21. The right end of the push jacks 7 is rotatably connected to the lower right end of the base 21. A through groove is opened in the middle of the base 21, penetrating both the left and right sides. A push rod 6 is rotatably connected to the right side of the through groove. A bottom lifting mechanism 23 is fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the base 21 at the position above the corresponding push plate. The lower end of the bottom lifting mechanism 23 extends into the through groove. A front column 22 is rotatably connected to the front side of the upper surface of the base 21, and a rear column 29 is rotatably connected to the rear side. The upper ends of both the front column 22 and the rear column 29 are rotatably connected to the top beam 27. The top beam 27 has a lower front end and a higher rear end. The rear column 29 of the end support 2 is designed as an inclined column towards the working face, providing greater support force and preventing the working face from sliding down. The front column 22 is designed as an inclined column towards the working face. The design of the inclined columns on the lower side reduces the angle between the columns and the roadway roof, improving support efficiency. A pushing beam 1 is set on the left side of the base 21 of the first end support 2 from left to right. The left end of the pushing jack 7 of the first end support 2 is rotatably connected to the pushing beam 1 through the pushing crosshead 5. The pushing crosshead 5 can adapt to the adjustment of the walking direction of the base 21. A push rod 6 is rotatably connected to the middle of the right side of the pushing beam 1. The right end of the push rod 6 extends into the through groove at the bottom of the base 21 of the first end support 2. A rock-blocking mechanism 4 is fixedly installed on the right side of the last end support 2 from left to right. For two adjacent end supports 2 from left to right, the push rod 6 of the previous end support 2 extends into the through groove at the bottom of the base 21 of the next end support 2. The left end of the pushing jack 7 on the next end support 2 is rotatably connected to the base 21 of the previous end support 2. The pushing jack 7 is arranged with the left side higher and the right side lower, which facilitates the movement of the support.

[0045] The front column 22 has front connecting rods 25 on its left and right sides, with their lower ends rotatably connected to the base 21. The rear column 29 has rear connecting rods 24 on its left and right sides, with their lower ends rotatably connected to the base 21. The upper end of the rear connecting rods 24 is rotatably connected to the upper connecting rod 26. The upper end of the front connecting rod 25 is rotatably connected to the upper connecting rod 26 in the middle. The end of the upper connecting rod 26 away from the rear connecting rod 24 is rotatably connected to the top beam 27; thus ensuring the stability of the support.

[0046] Both the front column 22 and the rear column 29 are connected to the top beam 27 via ball joints; the rear end of the top beam 27 is provided with a telescopic beam 28.

[0047] The support operation valve of the first end support 2 from left to right is installed on the base 21 of the second end support 2, and the support operation valves of the two adjacent end supports 2 are installed on the base 21 of the previous end support 2. The support operation valve is used to control the movement of the push jack 7, the bottom lifting mechanism 23, the front column 22 and the rear column 29 on the corresponding end support 2.

[0048] The roadway has a lower sidewall on the front, an upper sidewall on the rear, and a roof on top. The upper part of the rear side of the roadway is the coal mining face. From left to right, the coal mining face is equipped with a coal mining machine 9, a working face support 11, and a rear conveyor 12. The front conveyor 10 is located below the coal mining machine 9. A transfer machine 8 is located on the bottom of the roadway near the coal mining face. Two sets of end supports are located on the bottom of the roadway away from the coal mining face.

[0049] The above-mentioned control method for two sets of lower end supports of a large-angle working face includes the following steps:

[0050] Step S1: The pushing jacks 7 on both sides of the first end support 2 from left to right extend, the pushing beam 1 moves forward, and the push rod 6 on the pushing beam 1 moves forward. During the pushing process, the pushing direction can be adjusted by the different extension degrees of the two pushing jacks 7.

[0051] Step S2: The first end support 2 front column 22 and rear column 29 retract the top beam 27 and descend, start the bottom lifting extension and push against the push rod 6, and the base 21 leaves the ground to achieve bottom lifting;

[0052] Step S3: The push jack 7 on the first end support 2 retracts, the push jack 7 on the second end support 2 extends, and the first end support 2 slides along the push rod 6 to realize the frame shifting;

[0053] Step S4: The lifting mechanism 23 on the first end support 2 retracts, the base 21 lands, the front column 22 and the rear column 29 extend, and the top beam 27 rests on the roof of the tunnel. The first end support 2 completes the shift.

[0054] Step S5: The top beam 27 of the second end support 2 descends and the bottom is raised. The pushing jack 7 on the second end support 2 retracts and the pushing jack 7 on the third end support 2 extends. The second end support 2 slides along the push rod 6 to realize the frame transfer. The bottom lifting mechanism 23 on the second end support 2 retracts and the base 21 lands. The front column 22 and the rear column 29 extend and the top beam 27 rests on the roof of the roadway. The second end support 2 completes the frame transfer.

[0055] Step S6: The subsequent end brackets 2 are moved sequentially.

[0056] The front column 22, bottom lifting mechanism 23, top beam 27, telescopic beam 28, rear column 29, support control valve 3, rock blocking mechanism 4, pushing crosshead 5, pushing jack 7, transfer machine 8, coal mining machine 9, front conveyor 10, working face support 11, and rear conveyor 12 are all general standard parts or components known to those skilled in the art. Their structure and principle can be learned by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0057] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A set of end supports for a large-angle working face, comprising a plurality of end supports (2) arranged side by side and a support operating valve corresponding to each end support (2), characterized in that: The end bracket (2) includes a base (21), on which push jacks (7) are respectively installed at the front and back. The right end of the push jacks (7) is rotatably connected to the lower right end of the base (21). A through groove is opened in the middle of the base (21) that runs through the left and right sides. A push rod (6) is rotatably connected to the right side of the through groove. A bottom lifting mechanism (23) is fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the base (21) at the position above the push rod (6). The lower end of the bottom lifting mechanism (23) extends into the through groove. A front column (22) is rotatably connected to the front side of the upper surface of the base (21), and a rear column (29) is rotatably connected to the rear side. The upper ends of the front column (22) and the rear column (29) are rotatably connected to the top beam (27). The top beam (27) is lower at the front end and higher at the rear end. The first one from left to right A pushing beam (1) is provided on the left side of the base (21) of the end bracket (2). The left end of the pushing jack (7) of the first end bracket (2) is rotatably connected to the pushing beam (1) through the pushing crosshead (5). A push rod (6) is rotatably connected to the middle of the right side of the pushing beam (1). The right end of the push rod (6) extends into the through groove at the bottom of the base (21) of the first end bracket (2). A rock-blocking mechanism (4) is fixedly installed on the right side of the last end bracket (2) from left to right. From left to right, the push rod (6) of the first end bracket (2) extends into the through groove at the bottom of the base (21) of the second end bracket (2). The left end of the pushing jack (7) on the second end bracket (2) is rotatably connected to the base (21) of the first end bracket (2).

2. The lower end support assembly of a large-angle working surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front column (22) is provided with front connecting rods (25) on the left and right sides respectively, and the lower end of the front connecting rods (25) is rotatably connected to the base (21). The rear column (29) is provided with rear connecting rods (24) on the left and right sides respectively, and the lower end of the rear connecting rods (24) is rotatably connected to the upper connecting rods (26). The upper end of the front connecting rods (25) is rotatably connected to the middle of the upper connecting rods (26). The end of the upper connecting rods (26) away from the rear connecting rods (24) is rotatably connected to the top beam (27).

3. The lower end support assembly of a large-angle working surface according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both the front column (22) and the rear column (29) are connected to the top beam (27) via ball joints.

4. The lower end support assembly of a large-angle working surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear end of the top beam (27) is provided with a telescopic beam (28).

5. A large-angle working face lower end support assembly according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The support operation valve of the first end bracket (2) from left to right is installed on the base (21) of the second end bracket (2), and the support operation valves of the two adjacent end brackets (2) are installed on the base (21) of the previous end bracket (2); the support operation valve is used to control the movement of the push jack (7), the bottom lifting mechanism (23), the front column (22) and the rear column (29) on the corresponding end bracket (2).

6. The control method for the lower end support assembly of a large-angle working face as described in claim 5, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step S1: The push jacks (7) on both sides of the first end bracket (2) from left to right extend, the push beam (1) moves forward, and the push rod (6) on the push beam (1) moves forward; Step S2: The first end support (2), front column (22) and rear column (29) retract the top beam (27) and descend, start the bottom lifting extension and push against the push rod (6), and the base (21) leaves the ground to achieve bottom lifting; Step S3: The push jack (7) on the first end support (2) retracts, the push jack (7) on the second end support (2) extends, and the first end support (2) slides along the push rod (6) to realize the frame shifting; Step S4: The lifting mechanism (23) on the first end support (2) retracts, the base (21) lands, the front column (22) and the rear column (29) extend, the top beam (27) rests on the roof of the roadway, and the first end support (2) completes the shifting; Step S5: The top beam (27) of the second end support (2) descends and the bottom is raised. The push jack (7) on the second end support (2) retracts and the push jack (7) on the third end support (2) extends. The second end support (2) slides along the push rod (6) to realize the frame transfer. The bottom lifting mechanism (23) on the second end support (2) retracts and the base (21) lands on the ground. The front column (22) and the rear column (29) extend and the top beam (27) hits the roof of the roadway. The second end support (2) completes the frame transfer. Step S6: The subsequent end brackets (2) are moved sequentially.

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