A multi-layer flow sleeve structure closed Brayton cycle power generation device

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of closed cycle power generation, and discloses a multi-layer guide sleeve structure closed Brayton cycle power generation device, which comprises a core machine assembly, a multi-layer guide sleeve assembly and a plurality of heating pipes and cooling pipes. The core machine assembly comprises a motor set, a high-speed shaft, a compressor set and a turbine set, the motor set comprises a low-temperature intake cavity, the low-temperature intake cavity is communicated with an air inlet of the compressor set, the multi-layer guide sleeve assembly comprises a low-temperature exhaust cavity, a high-temperature intake cavity and an exhaust gas reheating cavity, the low-temperature exhaust cavity is communicated with an air outlet of the compressor set, the high-temperature intake cavity is communicated with an air inlet of the turbine set, and the exhaust gas reheating cavity is communicated with an air outlet of the turbine set; one end of the heating pipes is communicated with the low-temperature exhaust cavity, the other end of the heating pipes is communicated with the high-temperature intake cavity, at least a part of the heating pipes is located in the exhaust gas reheating cavity; one end of the cooling pipes is communicated with the exhaust gas reheating cavity, and the other end of the cooling pipes is communicated with the low-temperature intake cavity. The application can not only reduce the flow pressure drop loss of the working medium, but also can reduce the system volume and improve the compactness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of closed-cycle power generation technology, and more particularly to a closed-cycle Brayton cycle power generation device with a multi-layer flow guide sleeve structure. Background Technology

[0002] Closed-loop Brayton cycle power generation system is a thermoelectric conversion technology that uses an inert gas working fluid. It features high efficiency, compact structure, wide power coverage, wide heat source adaptability, and air cooling capability. It has good application prospects in fields such as space nuclear power generation, space station construction, distributed power generation, solar thermal power generation, and waste heat power generation.

[0003] In closed-loop Brayton cycle power generation systems, regenerators are typically installed to improve system performance. However, in existing closed-loop Brayton cycle power generation systems, the regenerators are all arranged as independent devices outside the main unit and connected to the main unit via pipelines. This arrangement of regenerators increases the amount of piping, resulting in additional pipeline pressure drop and reducing the performance of the power generation unit. Furthermore, due to the large size of the regenerators themselves, the size and weight of the entire power generation unit are increased, making it difficult to meet the compact layout requirements of the power generation system in application scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a closed Brayton cycle power generation device with a multi-layer flow guide sleeve structure, which can not only reduce the pressure drop loss of the working fluid, but also reduce the system volume and improve compactness.

[0005] The technical solution provided by this invention is as follows: A multi-layered flow-guiding sleeve structure closed Brayton cycle power generation device includes: The core components include a motor unit, a high-speed shaft, a compressor unit, and a turbine unit. The rotating shaft of the motor unit is connected to the high-speed shaft. The compressor unit and the turbine unit are respectively installed on the high-speed shaft. The motor unit includes a low-temperature air intake chamber, which is connected to the air intake of the compressor unit. A multi-layer flow guide sleeve assembly includes a low-temperature exhaust chamber, a high-temperature intake chamber, and an exhaust regeneration chamber. The low-temperature exhaust chamber is connected to the exhaust port of the compressor unit, the high-temperature intake chamber is connected to the intake port of the turbine unit, and the exhaust regeneration chamber is connected to the exhaust port of the turbine unit. The heating tube assembly includes a plurality of heating tubes arranged circumferentially for exchanging heat with an external heat source. One end of each heating tube is located in the exhaust regeneration chamber and communicates with the low-temperature exhaust chamber, and the other end communicates with the high-temperature intake chamber. The cooling pipe assembly includes a plurality of cooling pipes arranged circumferentially for exchanging heat with an external cold source. One end of each cooling pipe is connected to the exhaust regeneration chamber, and the other end is connected to the low-temperature intake chamber.

[0006] In some embodiments, when the compressor unit is working, it draws in a low-temperature, low-pressure working fluid from the low-temperature intake chamber, and the low-temperature, low-pressure working fluid is pressurized by the compressor unit and then enters the low-temperature exhaust chamber. The low-temperature high-pressure working fluid in the low-temperature exhaust chamber enters the heating tube and exchanges heat with the residual heat in the exhaust reheat chamber and the external heat source to form a high-temperature high-pressure working fluid, which then enters the high-temperature intake chamber. After the high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid in the high-temperature intake chamber enters the turbine unit and drives the turbine unit to rotate and do work, the temperature and pressure of the working fluid decrease and enter the exhaust heat recovery chamber to exchange heat with the low-temperature and high-pressure working fluid in the heating tube before entering the cooling tube. The working fluid exchanges heat with the external cold source in the cooling tube to form a low-temperature and low-pressure working fluid and enters the low-temperature intake chamber.

[0007] In some embodiments, the motor assembly includes a motor housing, a motor cooling component, and a motor body. The motor housing is provided with a low-temperature air intake chamber. The motor cooling component and the motor body are respectively disposed within the motor housing. The motor cooling component is disposed outside the motor body and communicates with the low-temperature air intake chamber, and is used to cool and reduce the temperature of the motor body.

[0008] In some embodiments, the compressor unit includes a compressor inlet passage, a compressor impeller, and compressor guide vanes. One side of the compressor inlet passage is fixedly connected to the motor housing and communicates with the low-temperature inlet chamber. The compressor impeller is mounted on the high-speed shaft. The compressor guide vanes are disposed outside the compressor impeller and fixedly connected to the other side of the compressor inlet passage, for recompressing the working fluid compressed by the compressor impeller and delivering it to the low-temperature exhaust chamber.

[0009] In some embodiments, the turbine unit includes a turbine impeller, a turbine inlet passage, and a turbine exhaust passage. The turbine impeller is fixedly mounted on the high-speed shaft. The turbine inlet passage is fixedly connected to the compressor guide vanes. The turbine exhaust passage is fixedly connected to the turbine inlet passage. The high-temperature inlet chamber is connected to the turbine inlet passage, and the turbine exhaust passage is connected to the exhaust regeneration chamber.

[0010] In some embodiments, the outer diameter of the turbine inlet passage is larger than the outer diameter of the turbine exhaust passage, and the turbine exhaust passage is located inside the turbine inlet passage.

[0011] In some embodiments, the turbine unit further includes a support ring and a radial bearing. The support ring is connected to the high-speed shaft via the radial bearing. The support ring is located between the compressor guide vane and the turbine inlet passage. One end of the support ring is fixedly connected to the compressor guide vane, and the other end is fixedly connected to the turbine inlet passage.

[0012] In some embodiments, the turbine unit further includes a thrust bearing disposed between the compressor impeller and the support ring.

[0013] In some embodiments, the multi-layer guide sleeve assembly includes a high-temperature air inlet guide sleeve, a high-temperature exhaust guide sleeve, a regenerative guide inner sleeve, a regenerative guide outer sleeve, an exhaust guide tail cover, and an isolation ring. The high-temperature air intake guide sleeve includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve. One end of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are connected to form a closed end, and the other end is an open end. The outer sleeve at the open end of the high-temperature air intake guide sleeve is connected to the turbine air intake passage, and the inner sleeve is connected to the turbine exhaust passage. The area enclosed by the inner sleeve, the outer sleeve, and the turbine air intake passage forms the high-temperature air intake chamber. The first end of the high-temperature exhaust guide sleeve is disposed inside the inner sleeve and connected to the turbine exhaust channel, and the second end extends axially to the outside of the inner sleeve. The regenerative flow guide inner sleeve is sleeved outside the outer sleeve and the turbine inlet air passage. The first end of the regenerative flow guide inner sleeve is sealed to the compressor inlet air passage, and the second end of the regenerative flow guide inner sleeve is connected to the second end of the high temperature exhaust flow guide sleeve. The regenerative flow guide outer sleeve is fitted outside the regenerative flow guide inner sleeve, and the first end of the regenerative flow guide outer sleeve is sealed to the first end of the regenerative flow guide inner sleeve. The exhaust flow guide tail cover seals the second end of the regenerative flow guide outer sleeve. The area enclosed by the turbine exhaust flow channel, the high-temperature exhaust flow guide sleeve, the regenerative flow guide inner sleeve, the regenerative flow guide outer sleeve, and the exhaust flow guide tail cover forms the exhaust regenerative chamber. The isolation ring is disposed between the turbine inlet air passage and the regenerating flow guide inner sleeve, and one end of the isolation ring is sealed to the regenerating flow guide inner sleeve, and the other end is sealed to the turbine inlet air passage; the area enclosed by the regenerating flow guide inner sleeve, the compressor inlet air passage, the turbine inlet air passage, the support ring and the isolation ring forms the low-temperature exhaust chamber.

[0014] In some embodiments, the inner sleeve is spaced apart from the high-temperature exhaust flow guide sleeve, and the outer sleeve is spaced apart from the regenerating flow guide inner sleeve, so that a heat insulation chamber is formed between the exhaust regenerating chamber and the high-temperature air intake chamber. The heat insulation chamber is formed by the area enclosed by the isolation ring, the turbine inlet airflow, the high-temperature exhaust guide sleeve, the turbine exhaust channel, the high-temperature inlet air guide sleeve, and the regenerating guide inner sleeve.

[0015] In some embodiments, the multi-layer flow guide sleeve assembly further includes a corrugated sleeve, one end of which is connected to the exhaust flow guide tail cover and the other end of which is connected to the high-temperature exhaust flow guide sleeve, and the heating pipe passes through the corrugated sleeve.

[0016] In some embodiments, the heating tube assembly further includes a plurality of heating tube fins, which are evenly distributed on the heating tube.

[0017] In some embodiments, the cooling pipe assembly further includes a plurality of cooling pipe fins, which are evenly distributed on the cooling pipe.

[0018] The technical advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention adopts a multi-layer flow guide sleeve structure, which realizes the functions of working fluid collection, bidirectional guidance and transportation within the sleeve structure, greatly reducing the working fluid transportation pipeline, reducing the working fluid flow pressure drop loss, and improving the performance of the closed-loop power generation system; In addition, it realizes the working fluid reheating process inside the flow guide sleeve, reduces the configuration of external independent regenerators, simplifies the layout of existing closed-loop power generation systems, reduces system volume, improves compactness, and is suitable for various scenarios such as mobile vehicle power generation and space nuclear power generation. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-layer flow guide sleeve structure closed Brayton cycle power generation device provided in a specific embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a closed-loop Brayton cycle power generation device with a multi-layer flow guide sleeve structure provided in a specific embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the core machine component provided in a specific embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-layer flow guide sleeve assembly provided in a specific embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-temperature air intake guide sleeve provided in a specific embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-temperature exhaust guide sleeve provided in a specific embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the regenerative flow guiding inner sleeve provided in a specific embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the regenerative flow guiding outer sleeve provided in a specific embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the exhaust guide tail cover provided in a specific embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the isolation ring provided in a specific embodiment of this application; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the cooling pipe assembly provided in a specific embodiment of this application; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse cross-sectional structure of the cooling pipe assembly provided in a specific embodiment of this application; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the heating tube assembly provided in a specific embodiment of this application; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse cross-sectional structure of the heating tube assembly provided in a specific embodiment of this application.

[0020] Explanation of icon numbers: 1. Core machine components; 2. Multi-layer guide sleeve assembly; 3. Heating tube assembly; 4. Cooling tube assembly; 5. Motor housing; 6. Motor cooling components; 7. Motor body; 8. Compressor inlet air passage; 9. Compressor guide vanes; 10. Compressor impeller; 11. Support ring; 12. Turbine inlet air passage; 13. Thrust bearing; 14. Radial bearing; 15. High-speed shaft; 16. Turbine impeller; 17. Turbine exhaust passage; 18. Locking nut; 19. Cooling tube; 20. Cooling tube fins; 21. Heating tube; 22. Heating tube fins; 23. High-temperature air intake guide sleeve; 231. Inner sleeve; 232. Outer sleeve; 24. High-temperature exhaust guide sleeve; 25. Regenerative guide inner sleeve; 26. Regenerative guide outer sleeve; 27. Exhaust guide tail cover; 28. Isolation ring; 29. ​​Corrugated sleeve; 30. Low-temperature air intake chamber; 31. Low-temperature exhaust chamber; 32. High-temperature air intake chamber; 33. Exhaust regenerative chamber; 34. Insulation chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] To keep the drawings concise, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown schematically in each figure, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product. Furthermore, for ease of understanding, in some figures, only one of components with the same structure or function is shown schematically, or only one is labeled. In this document, "one" can mean not only "only one" but also "more than one".

[0023] It should also be further understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0024] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] In one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a closed-loop Brayton cycle power generation device with a multi-layer flow guide sleeve structure includes a core unit 1, a multi-layer flow guide sleeve assembly 2, a heating pipe assembly 3, and a cooling pipe assembly 4. The core unit 1 includes a motor unit, a high-speed shaft 15, a compressor unit, and a turbine unit. The rotating shaft of the motor unit is drivenly connected to the high-speed shaft 15. The compressor unit and the turbine unit are respectively installed on the high-speed shaft 15. The motor unit includes a low-temperature air intake chamber 30, which is connected to the air intake port of the compressor unit. The multi-layer flow guide sleeve assembly 2 includes a low-temperature exhaust chamber 31, a high-temperature air intake chamber 32, and an exhaust heat recovery chamber 33. The low-temperature exhaust chamber 31 is connected to the exhaust port of the compressor unit, and the high-temperature air intake chamber 32 is connected to the exhaust port of the compressor unit. The exhaust regeneration chamber 32 is connected to the turbine inlet, and the exhaust regeneration chamber 33 is connected to the turbine exhaust outlet; the heating pipe assembly 3 includes a plurality of heating pipes 21 arranged circumferentially for exchanging heat with an external heat source. One end of the heating pipe 21 is located in the exhaust regeneration chamber 33 and is connected to the low-temperature exhaust chamber 31, and the other end is connected to the high-temperature inlet chamber 32. At least a portion of the heating pipe 21 is located in the exhaust regeneration chamber 33; the cooling pipe assembly 4 includes a plurality of cooling pipes 19 arranged circumferentially for exchanging heat with an external cold source. One end of the cooling pipe 19 is connected to the exhaust regeneration chamber 33, and the other end is connected to the low-temperature inlet chamber 30, and is used to cool the generator set.

[0027] In this embodiment, the core unit 1 is used to pressurize and expand the circulating working fluid to generate electricity. The multi-layer flow guide sleeve assembly 2 is installed outside the core unit 1 and is used to collect, guide, and transport the circulating working fluid. The heating pipe assembly 3 is installed on the other side of the multi-layer flow guide sleeve assembly 2 and is used to heat the circulating working fluid. The cooling pipe assembly 4 is installed on one side of the multi-layer flow guide sleeve assembly 2 and is used to cool the circulating working fluid. This embodiment can use inert gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and argon, or a combination of multiple inert gases, as the operating working fluid.

[0028] The core component 1 includes a motor set, a high-speed shaft 15, a compressor set, and a turbine set. The rotating shaft of the motor set is connected to the high-speed shaft 15 to transmit torque and enable the rotation of the high-speed shaft 15. Both the compressor set and the turbine set are installed on the high-speed shaft 15. The air inlet of the compressor set is connected to the low-temperature air inlet chamber 30 to pressurize the low-temperature working fluid. The low-temperature high-pressure working fluid discharged from the compressor set enters the low-temperature exhaust chamber 31, and then enters the heating tube 21 to exchange heat with the exhaust waste heat in the exhaust heat recovery chamber 33. This causes the temperature of the working fluid in the heating tube 21 to rise, forming a high-temperature high-pressure working fluid, which then enters the high-temperature air inlet chamber 32. The air inlet of the turbine set is connected to the high-temperature air inlet chamber 32. The working fluid in the high-temperature air inlet chamber 32 can drive the turbine set to rotate and perform work, thereby generating electricity.

[0029] like Figure 2As shown, during operation, the compressor unit works, drawing in the low-temperature, low-pressure working fluid from the low-temperature intake chamber 30. The compressor unit pressurizes the working fluid, increasing its pressure, and it enters the low-temperature exhaust chamber 31. The low-temperature, high-pressure working fluid in the low-temperature exhaust chamber 31 enters the heating tube 21, where it exchanges heat with the exhaust waste heat in the exhaust reheat chamber 33 and the high-temperature heat source in the outside. The temperature of the working fluid in the heating tube 21 increases, forming a high-temperature, high-pressure working fluid. Finally, it enters the high-temperature intake chamber 32 through the heating tube 21 and then enters the turbine unit through the turbine unit's intake port. The high-temperature, high-pressure working fluid drives the turbine unit to rotate and perform work. Part of this work power is used for the power consumption required for the compressor unit to rotate, and the other part is used to drive the coaxial motor unit, thereby generating electricity and realizing power generation. After the turbine unit performs work, the working fluid pressure and temperature decrease. It enters the exhaust heat recovery chamber 33 through the turbine unit's exhaust port, where it exchanges heat with the low-temperature, high-pressure working fluid in the heating tube 21. The working fluid temperature in the exhaust heat recovery chamber 33 then decreases further. It then enters the cooling tube 19, where it exchanges heat with the external low-temperature cold source. The temperature decreases further, forming a low-temperature, low-pressure working fluid, which then enters the low-temperature intake chamber 30, completing the entire cycle.

[0030] This invention employs a multi-layered flow-guiding sleeve structure, achieving the functions of working fluid collection, bidirectional guidance, and transportation within the sleeve structure. This significantly reduces the number of working fluid transportation pipelines, lowers the pressure drop loss during working fluid flow, and is beneficial to improving the performance of closed-cycle power generation systems. By realizing the working fluid reheating process inside the flow-guiding sleeve, the configuration of external independent regenerators is reduced, simplifying the layout of existing closed-cycle power generation systems, reducing system volume, and improving compactness. It is suitable for various scenarios such as mobile vehicle power generation and space nuclear power generation.

[0031] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the motor unit includes a motor housing 5, a motor cooling component 6, and a motor body 7. The motor housing 5 is provided with a low-temperature air intake chamber 30. The motor body 7 and the motor cooling component 6 are respectively disposed inside the motor housing 5. The motor cooling component 6 is disposed outside the motor body and communicates with the low-temperature air intake chamber 30, and is used to cool down the motor body 7.

[0032] In this embodiment, the motor body 7 can be a permanent magnet synchronous starter integrated motor, and the rotating shaft of the motor body 7 is connected to the high-speed shaft 15. The motor cooling component 6 can be a ring-shaped spoked metal structure. The motor cooling component 6 is arranged on the outside of the motor body 7. The low-temperature and low-pressure working fluid in the cooling pipe 19 can enter the motor cooling component 6 to cool the motor body 7 and remove the heat generated by the operation of the motor body 7, so as to achieve long-term stable operation of the motor body 7. The motor housing 5 is a cylindrical pressure-resistant component, installed on the outside of the motor cooling component 6, and connected to the compressor unit. The bottom of the motor housing 5 is provided with small holes for the cooling pipe 19 to pass through, so as to transport the working fluid in the cooling pipe 19 to the low-temperature air intake chamber 30 of the motor housing 5.

[0033] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the compressor unit includes a compressor inlet passage 8, a compressor guide vane 9, and a compressor impeller 10. The compressor inlet passage 8 is fixedly connected to the motor housing 5 and communicates with the low-temperature inlet chamber 30. The compressor impeller 10 is mounted on the high-speed shaft 15 and rotates together with the high-speed shaft 15. The compressor guide vane 9 is located on the outside of the compressor impeller 10 and is fixedly connected to the other side of the compressor inlet passage 8. It is used to recompress the working fluid after it is compressed by the compressor impeller 10 and deliver it to the low-temperature exhaust chamber 31.

[0034] In this embodiment, the compressor inlet passage 8 is arranged in the direction of the compressor impeller 10's inlet, and has an annular sleeve structure to improve the entry velocity and compression efficiency of the working fluid entering the compressor impeller 10. One side of the compressor inlet passage 8 is fixedly connected to the motor housing 5, and the other side is fixedly connected to the compressor guide vane 9. The compressor impeller 10 can adopt a radial centrifugal impeller structure, made of cast aluminum material, and installed on the high-speed shaft 15. The compressor guide vane 9 is installed on the outside of the compressor impeller 10 and fixedly connected to the compressor inlet passage 8. The inlet of the compressor guide vane 9 is connected to the outlet of the compressor impeller 10, and the outlet of the compressor guide vane 9 is connected to the low-temperature exhaust chamber 31. The working fluid compressed by the compressor impeller 10 enters the compressor guide vane 9 for further compression, and then is delivered to the low-temperature exhaust chamber 31.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the turbine unit includes a turbine impeller 16, a turbine inlet passage 12, and a turbine exhaust passage 17. The turbine impeller 16 is fixedly installed on the high-speed shaft 15. The turbine inlet passage 12 is fixedly connected to the compressor guide vane 9. The turbine exhaust passage 17 is fixedly connected to the turbine inlet passage 12. The high-temperature inlet chamber 32 is connected to the turbine inlet passage 12. The turbine exhaust passage 17 is connected to the exhaust regeneration chamber 33.

[0036] Furthermore, such as Figure 3As shown, the turbine unit also includes a support ring 11 and a radial bearing 14. The support ring 11 is connected to the high-speed shaft 15 through the radial bearing 14. The support ring 11 is located between the compressor guide vane 9 and the turbine inlet passage 12. One end of the support ring 11 is fixedly connected to the compressor guide vane 9, and the other end is fixedly connected to the turbine inlet passage 12.

[0037] The turbine impeller 16 adopts a radial flow centrifugal impeller structure, is made of nickel-based high-temperature alloy material, and is mounted on the high-speed shaft 15. A locking nut 18 is installed on the outside of the turbine impeller 16 to prevent it from loosening and flying out during operation. A turbine inlet passage 12 is installed on the inlet side of the turbine impeller 16. The turbine inlet passage 12 has an L-shaped structure and is mounted on the support ring 11 to guide the airflow into the turbine impeller 16. A turbine exhaust passage 17 is provided on the outlet side of the turbine impeller 16. The turbine exhaust passage 17 has an annular sleeve structure and is mounted on the support ring 11 to further diffuse the working fluid at the turbine impeller 16 outlet. The outer diameter of the turbine inlet passage 12 is larger than the outer diameter of the turbine exhaust passage 17, and the turbine exhaust passage 17 is located inside the turbine inlet passage 12. One end of the support ring 11 is fixedly connected to the compressor guide vane 9 and the compressor inlet air passage 8, and the other end is fixedly connected to the turbine inlet air passage 12 and the turbine exhaust air passage 17. The compressor impeller 10 and the turbine impeller 16 are mounted on the high-speed shaft 15 in a back-to-back arrangement. A radial bearing 14 is installed in the inner hole of the support ring 11. In this embodiment, the radial bearing 14 can be a pneumatic suspension bearing, used to realize the movement between the support ring 11 and the high-speed shaft 15.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the turbine unit also includes a thrust bearing 13, which is disposed between the compressor impeller 10 and the support ring 11. The thrust bearing 13 is located on the compressor side and is used to achieve circumferential thrust balance of the high-speed shaft 15.

[0039] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the multi-layer guide sleeve assembly 2 includes a high-temperature air intake guide sleeve 23, a high-temperature exhaust guide sleeve 24, a regenerating guide inner sleeve 25, a regenerating guide outer sleeve 26, an exhaust guide tail cover 27, and an isolation ring 28. The high-temperature air intake guide sleeve 23 includes an inner sleeve 231 and an outer sleeve 232. One end of the inner sleeve 231 and the outer sleeve 232 are connected to form a closed end, and the other end is an open end. The outer sleeve 232 at the open end of the high-temperature air intake guide sleeve 23 is connected to the turbine air intake passage 12, and the inner sleeve 231 is connected to the turbine exhaust passage 17. The area enclosed by the inner sleeve 231, the outer sleeve 232, and the turbine air intake passage 12 forms a high-temperature air intake chamber 32.

[0040] The first end of the high-temperature exhaust guide sleeve 24 is located inside the inner sleeve 231 and connected to the turbine exhaust passage 17, and the second end extends axially to the outside of the inner sleeve 231.

[0041] The regenerating inner sleeve 25 is sleeved outside the outer sleeve 232 and the turbine inlet air passage 12. The first end of the regenerating inner sleeve 25 is sealed to the compressor inlet air passage 8, and the second end of the regenerating inner sleeve 25 is connected to the second end of the high temperature exhaust sleeve 24.

[0042] The regenerating guide sleeve 26 is fitted outside the regenerating guide inner sleeve 25. The first end of the regenerating guide sleeve 26 is sealed to the first end of the regenerating guide inner sleeve 25. The exhaust guide tail cover 27 seals the second end of the regenerating guide sleeve 26. The area enclosed by the turbine exhaust channel 17, the high temperature exhaust guide sleeve 24, the regenerating guide inner sleeve 25, the regenerating guide sleeve 26, and the exhaust guide tail cover 27 forms the exhaust regenerating chamber 33.

[0043] An isolation ring 28 is disposed between the turbine inlet air passage 12 and the regenerating guide inner sleeve 25, with one end of the isolation ring 28 being sealed to the regenerating guide inner sleeve 25 and the other end being sealed to the turbine inlet air passage 12; the area enclosed by the regenerating guide inner sleeve 25, the compressor inlet air passage 8, the turbine inlet air passage 12, the support ring 11 and the isolation ring 28 forms a low-temperature exhaust chamber 31.

[0044] The inner sleeve 231 is spaced apart from the high-temperature exhaust guide sleeve 24, and the outer sleeve 232 is spaced apart from the regenerating guide inner sleeve 25, so that an insulation chamber 34 is formed between the exhaust regenerating chamber 33 and the high-temperature intake chamber 32; the insulation chamber 34 is formed by the area enclosed by the isolation ring 28, the turbine intake air passage 12, the high-temperature intake guide sleeve 23, the turbine exhaust passage 17, the high-temperature exhaust guide sleeve 24 and the regenerating guide inner sleeve 25.

[0045] The multi-layer flow guide sleeve assembly 2 also includes a corrugated sleeve 29, one end of which is connected to the exhaust flow guide tail cover 27, and the other end is connected to the high-temperature exhaust flow guide sleeve 24. The heating pipe 21 passes through the corrugated sleeve 29.

[0046] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, half of the longitudinal section of the high-temperature intake guide sleeve 23 is a U-shaped structure. The inner sleeve 231 on the open side of the U-shape is connected to the turbine exhaust channel 17, and the outer sleeve 232 is connected to the turbine intake channel 12. Multiple openings are evenly distributed circumferentially at the bottom of the U-shaped structure for installing the heating tube 21. The interior of the high-temperature intake guide sleeve 23 communicates with the internal space of the heating tube 21. The high-temperature intake guide sleeve 23 is used to collect and transport the working fluid in the heating tube 21 to the turbine intake channel 12.

[0047] like Figure 6 As shown, the high-temperature exhaust guide sleeve 24 has an L-shaped longitudinal section. One end of the high-temperature exhaust guide sleeve 24 is located inside the inner sleeve 231 and connected to the turbine exhaust channel 17, while the other end extends axially to the outside of the inner sleeve 231 and connects to the regenerating guide inner sleeve 25. The bottom of the L-shape has evenly distributed openings for installing the corrugated sleeve 29. The high-temperature exhaust guide sleeve 24 is used to transport the working fluid from the turbine exhaust channel 17 to the exhaust guide tail cover 27.

[0048] like Figure 7 As shown, the regenerative flow guide inner sleeve 25 has a cylindrical structure. One end is connected to the high-temperature exhaust flow guide sleeve 24, and the other end is connected to the regenerative flow guide outer sleeve 26 and the compressor inlet air passage 8. The regenerative flow guide inner sleeve 25 has evenly distributed openings on the circumferential wall near the compressor unit for installing the heating tube 21. The regenerative flow guide inner sleeve 25 serves two purposes: firstly, it forms an insulation chamber 34 to reduce heat exchange between the working fluid in the high-temperature inlet chamber 32 and the working fluid in the exhaust regenerative chamber 33; secondly, it forms the exhaust regenerative chamber 33 with the regenerative flow guide outer sleeve 26 to achieve heat exchange between the turbine exhaust waste heat and the working fluid in the heating tube 21.

[0049] like Figure 8 As shown, half of the longitudinal section of the regenerating flow guide outer sleeve 26 is an L-shaped structure. One end of the regenerating flow guide outer sleeve 26 is connected to the end of the regenerating flow guide inner sleeve 25 near the compressor inlet air passage 8, and the other end is connected to the exhaust flow guide tail cover 27. Openings are evenly arranged around the bottom of the regenerating flow guide outer sleeve 26 for installing cooling pipes 19, which can transport the working fluid in the exhaust regenerating chamber 33 to the cooling pipes 19.

[0050] like Figure 9 As shown, the exhaust flow guide tail cover 27 is generally an elliptical or butterfly-shaped metal end cap, installed on the L-shaped opening side of the regenerating flow guide outer sleeve 26. It is used to change the flow direction of the working fluid within the high-temperature exhaust flow guide sleeve 24 and deliver it to the pipe section of the heating tube 21 within the exhaust regenerating chamber 33 for heat exchange. Utilizing the waste heat from the exhaust, the temperature of the working fluid within the heating tube 21 is increased, thereby improving the overall system performance. The exhaust flow guide tail cover 27 has evenly distributed openings for installing the heating tube 21 and the corrugated sleeve 29. The corrugated sleeve 29 is in the form of a corrugated metal pipe and connects to both the high-temperature exhaust flow guide sleeve 24 and the exhaust flow guide tail cover 27. It is used to reduce heat exchange between the working fluid within the high-temperature exhaust flow guide sleeve 24 and the working fluid within the heating tube 21, while also compensating for displacement caused by temperature changes in the connecting components.

[0051] like Figure 10 As shown, the isolation ring 28 has an annular flared structure, with one side connected to the regenerating flow guide inner sleeve 25 and the other side connected to the turbine exhaust flow channel 17, used to isolate the low-temperature exhaust chamber 31 from the heat insulation chamber 34.

[0052] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the high-temperature intake chamber 32 is a closed space formed by the high-temperature intake guide sleeve 23, the turbine intake passage 12, and the turbine exhaust passage 17, which is used to collect and transport the working fluid in the heating tube 21 to the inlet of the turbine impeller 16.

[0053] The exhaust regeneration chamber 33 is a closed space formed by the high-temperature exhaust guide sleeve 24, the turbine exhaust flow channel 17, the exhaust guide tail cover 27, the regeneration guide inner sleeve 25, and the regeneration guide outer sleeve 26. On the one hand, it is used to exchange heat between the exhaust of the turbine impeller 16 and the heating pipe 21 to increase the working fluid temperature in the heating pipe 21. On the other hand, it is used to collect and transport the exhaust working fluid to the interior of the cooling pipe 19.

[0054] The low-temperature exhaust chamber 31 is a closed space formed by the regenerating flow guide inner sleeve 25, the compressor inlet flow passage 8, the support ring 11, the turbine inlet flow passage 12, and the isolation ring 28. It is used to collect and transport the working fluid pressurized by the compressor impeller 10 to the interior of the heating tube 21.

[0055] The low-temperature air intake chamber 30 is a space formed by the motor housing 5 and the compressor air intake passage 8, which is used to collect and transport the cooled working fluid in the cooling pipe 19 to the inlet of the compressor impeller 10.

[0056] The heat insulation chamber 34 is a closed space formed by the isolation ring 28, the turbine inlet air passage 12, the high temperature inlet air guide sleeve 23, the turbine exhaust air passage 17, the high temperature exhaust air guide sleeve 24, and the heat recovery guide inner sleeve 25. It is used to isolate the high temperature inlet air chamber 32 and the exhaust heat recovery chamber 33, thereby reducing the heat transfer between the two.

[0057] In some embodiments, such as Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the heating tube assembly 3 also includes multiple heating tube fins 22, which are evenly distributed on the heating tube 21. Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the cooling pipe assembly 4 also includes multiple cooling pipe fins 20, which are evenly distributed on the cooling pipe 19.

[0058] The heating tube 21 can generally be in the form of a U-shaped tube, a serpentine tube, or a spiral tube. One end of the heating tube 21 is installed in the regenerating flow guide inner sleeve 25 and passes through the exhaust flow guide tail cover 27 along the pipe direction. After absorbing heat, it passes through the exhaust flow guide tail cover 27, the corrugated sleeve 29, and the high-temperature exhaust flow guide sleeve 24 again, and then connects to the high-temperature air intake guide sleeve 23 to transport the working fluid in the low-temperature exhaust chamber 31 to the high-temperature air intake chamber 32. The heating tube fins 22 are made of thin metal sheets and are evenly distributed on the heating tube 21 to increase the heat exchange area and improve the heat exchange efficiency between the heating tube 21 and the high-temperature heat source. The cooling tube 19 can generally be in the form of a U-shaped tube, a serpentine tube, or a spiral tube. The cooling tube fins 20 are made of thin metal sheets and are evenly distributed on the cooling tube 19 to increase the heat exchange area and improve the heat exchange efficiency between the cooling tube 19 and the low-temperature cold source.

[0059] like Figure 2 As shown, the specific working process of the multi-layer guide sleeve structure closed Brayton cycle power generation device is as follows: During operation, the compressor impeller 10 rotates, drawing in the working fluid from the low-temperature intake chamber 30, pressurizing the working fluid. The working fluid pressure increases and enters the compressor guide vane 9 for further pressurization before entering the low-temperature exhaust chamber 31. Due to the gas pressure difference, the working fluid in the low-temperature exhaust chamber 31 is transported to the heating tube 21. The heating tube 21 exchanges heat with the exhaust waste heat in the exhaust reheat chamber 33, increasing the temperature of the working fluid in the heating tube 21. Through the heating tube fins 22, it exchanges heat with the external high-temperature heat source, further increasing the temperature of the working fluid in the heating tube 21. Finally, the high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid... The working fluid flows back to the high-temperature intake chamber 32 through the heating pipe 21, and is then transported to the turbine impeller 16 through the turbine intake passage 12. This drives the turbine impeller 16 to rotate and perform work. After the working fluid performs work on the turbine impeller 16, the temperature and pressure of the working fluid decrease. It then enters the exhaust reheat chamber 33 through the turbine exhaust passage 17, exchanges heat with the heating pipe 21, and enters the cooling pipe 19. It exchanges heat with the external low-temperature cold source through the cooling pipe fins 20, and the temperature of the working fluid in the cooling pipe 19 decreases. It then enters the motor housing 5, where the motor body 7 is cooled by the motor cooling components 6, and finally returns to the low-temperature intake chamber 30 on the inlet side of the compressor impeller 10, forming the entire closed-loop circulation circuit.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A closed-loop Brayton cycle power generation device with a multi-layer flow-guiding sleeve structure, characterized in that, include: The core components include a motor unit, a high-speed shaft, a compressor unit, and a turbine unit. The rotating shaft of the motor unit is connected to the high-speed shaft. The compressor unit and the turbine unit are respectively installed on the high-speed shaft. The motor unit includes a low-temperature air intake chamber, which is connected to the air intake of the compressor unit. A multi-layer flow guide sleeve assembly includes a low-temperature exhaust chamber, a high-temperature intake chamber, and an exhaust regeneration chamber. The low-temperature exhaust chamber is connected to the exhaust port of the compressor unit, the high-temperature intake chamber is connected to the intake port of the turbine unit, and the exhaust regeneration chamber is connected to the exhaust port of the turbine unit. The heating tube assembly includes a plurality of heating tubes arranged circumferentially for exchanging heat with an external heat source. One end of each heating tube is located in the exhaust regeneration chamber and communicates with the low-temperature exhaust chamber, and the other end communicates with the high-temperature intake chamber. The cooling pipe assembly includes a plurality of cooling pipes arranged circumferentially for exchanging heat with an external cold source. One end of each cooling pipe is connected to the exhaust regeneration chamber, and the other end is connected to the low-temperature intake chamber.

2. The multi-layer flow guide sleeve structure closed Brayton cycle power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the compressor unit is working, it draws in the low-temperature, low-pressure working fluid from the low-temperature intake chamber. After being pressurized by the compressor unit, the low-temperature, low-pressure working fluid enters the low-temperature exhaust chamber. The low-temperature high-pressure working fluid in the low-temperature exhaust chamber enters the heating tube and exchanges heat with the residual heat in the exhaust reheat chamber and the external heat source to form a high-temperature high-pressure working fluid, which then enters the high-temperature intake chamber. After the high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid in the high-temperature intake chamber enters the turbine unit and drives the turbine unit to rotate and do work, the temperature and pressure of the working fluid decrease and enter the exhaust heat recovery chamber to exchange heat with the low-temperature and high-pressure working fluid in the heating tube before entering the cooling tube. The working fluid exchanges heat with the external cold source in the cooling tube to form a low-temperature and low-pressure working fluid and enters the low-temperature intake chamber.

3. A multi-layer flow-guiding sleeve structure closed Brayton cycle power generation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The motor assembly includes a motor housing, a motor cooling component, and a motor body. The motor housing is provided with a low-temperature air intake chamber. The motor cooling component and the motor body are respectively disposed within the motor housing. The motor cooling component is disposed outside the motor body and communicates with the low-temperature air intake chamber, and is used to cool and reduce the temperature of the motor body.

4. A multi-layer flow guide sleeve structure closed Brayton cycle power generation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The compressor unit includes a compressor inlet passage, a compressor impeller, and compressor guide vanes. One side of the compressor inlet passage is fixedly connected to the motor housing and communicates with the low-temperature inlet chamber. The compressor impeller is mounted on the high-speed shaft. The compressor guide vanes are located outside the compressor impeller and are fixedly connected to the other side of the compressor inlet passage. They are used to recompress the working fluid compressed by the compressor impeller and deliver it to the low-temperature exhaust chamber.

5. A multi-layer flow-guiding sleeve structure closed-loop Brayton cycle power generation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The turbine unit includes a turbine impeller, a turbine inlet passage, and a turbine exhaust passage. The turbine impeller is fixedly mounted on the high-speed shaft. The turbine inlet passage is fixedly connected to the compressor guide vanes. The turbine exhaust passage is fixedly connected to the turbine inlet passage. The high-temperature inlet chamber is connected to the turbine inlet passage, and the turbine exhaust passage is connected to the exhaust regeneration chamber.

6. A multi-layer flow-guiding sleeve structure closed-loop Brayton cycle power generation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the turbine inlet passage is larger than the outer diameter of the turbine exhaust passage, and the turbine exhaust passage is located inside the turbine inlet passage.

7. A multi-layer flow-guiding sleeve structure closed Brayton cycle power generation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The turbine unit also includes a support ring and a radial bearing. The support ring is connected to the high-speed shaft through the radial bearing. The support ring is located between the compressor guide vane and the turbine inlet passage. One end of the support ring is fixedly connected to the compressor guide vane, and the other end is fixedly connected to the turbine inlet passage.

8. A multi-layer flow guide sleeve structure closed Brayton cycle power generation device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The turbine unit also includes a thrust bearing, which is disposed between the compressor impeller and the support ring.

9. A multi-layer flow-guiding sleeve structure closed Brayton cycle power generation device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The multi-layer guide sleeve assembly includes a high-temperature air inlet guide sleeve, a high-temperature exhaust guide sleeve, a regenerative guide inner sleeve, a regenerative guide outer sleeve, an exhaust guide tail cover, and an isolation ring. The high-temperature air intake guide sleeve includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve. One end of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are connected to form a closed end, and the other end is an open end. The outer sleeve at the open end of the high-temperature air intake guide sleeve is connected to the turbine air intake passage, and the inner sleeve is connected to the turbine exhaust passage. The area enclosed by the inner sleeve, the outer sleeve, and the turbine air intake passage forms the high-temperature air intake chamber. The first end of the high-temperature exhaust guide sleeve is disposed inside the inner sleeve and connected to the turbine exhaust channel, and the second end extends axially to the outside of the inner sleeve. The regenerative flow guide inner sleeve is sleeved outside the outer sleeve and the turbine inlet air passage. The first end of the regenerative flow guide inner sleeve is sealed to the compressor inlet air passage, and the second end of the regenerative flow guide inner sleeve is connected to the second end of the high temperature exhaust flow guide sleeve. The regenerative flow guide outer sleeve is fitted outside the regenerative flow guide inner sleeve, and the first end of the regenerative flow guide outer sleeve is sealed to the first end of the regenerative flow guide inner sleeve. The exhaust flow guide tail cover seals the second end of the regenerative flow guide outer sleeve. The area enclosed by the turbine exhaust flow channel, the high-temperature exhaust flow guide sleeve, the regenerative flow guide inner sleeve, the regenerative flow guide outer sleeve, and the exhaust flow guide tail cover forms the exhaust regenerative chamber. The isolation ring is disposed between the turbine inlet air passage and the regenerating flow guide inner sleeve, and one end of the isolation ring is sealed to the regenerating flow guide inner sleeve, and the other end is sealed to the turbine inlet air passage; the area enclosed by the regenerating flow guide inner sleeve, the compressor inlet air passage, the turbine inlet air passage, the support ring and the isolation ring forms the low-temperature exhaust chamber.

10. A multi-layer flow-guiding sleeve structure closed Brayton cycle power generation device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The inner sleeve is spaced apart from the high-temperature exhaust flow guide sleeve, and the outer sleeve is spaced apart from the regenerating flow guide inner sleeve, so that a heat insulation chamber is formed between the exhaust regenerating chamber and the high-temperature air intake chamber; The heat insulation chamber is formed by the area enclosed by the isolation ring, the turbine inlet airflow, the high-temperature exhaust guide sleeve, the turbine exhaust channel, the high-temperature inlet air guide sleeve, and the regenerating guide inner sleeve.

11. A multi-layer flow-guiding sleeve structure closed-loop Brayton cycle power generation device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The multi-layer flow guide sleeve assembly also includes a corrugated sleeve, one end of which is connected to the exhaust flow guide tail cover, and the other end is connected to the high-temperature exhaust flow guide sleeve, with the heating pipe passing through the corrugated sleeve.

12. A multi-layer flow-guiding sleeve structure closed Brayton cycle power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating tube assembly also includes multiple heating tube fins, which are evenly distributed on the heating tube.

13. A multi-layer flow-guiding sleeve structure closed Brayton cycle power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling pipe assembly also includes multiple cooling pipe fins, which are evenly distributed on the cooling pipe.

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