Apparatus and method for suppressing runaway electrons by high frequency magnetic field perturbation

Abstract

This invention provides an apparatus and method for suppressing escaped electrons through high-frequency magnetic field perturbation. The apparatus includes: a high-frequency magnetic probe array, an automatic feedback controller, multiple high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antennas, and multiple radio frequency power sources connected one-to-one with the multiple high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antennas. First, this invention uses a high-frequency magnetic probe array arranged near a plasma ring to measure the circumferential and poloidal magnetic field perturbations of the plasma ring. Then, the automatic feedback controller analyzes the circumferential and poloidal magnetic field perturbations to determine the frequency and spatial structure of the Alfvén perturbation excited by escaped electrons in the plasma ring. Finally, multiple high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antennas uniformly arranged near the plasma ring, and multiple radio frequency power sources connected one-to-one with the multiple high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antennas, excite electromagnetic waves with sufficiently strong amplitude, frequency, and spatial structure completely consistent with the Alfvén perturbation into the plasma, thereby achieving the effect of suppressing escaped electrons.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of controlled nuclear fusion technology, and in particular to a device and method for suppressing escaped electrons by perturbing with a high-frequency magnetic field. Background Technology

[0002] The escape electrons generated during plasma disruption in a tokamak device can reach energies exceeding 10 MeV, sufficient to damage the tokamak structure and components, posing a significant risk to future tokamak-based fusion reactors. Therefore, suppressing or mitigating escape electrons is one of the crucial problems that urgently need to be addressed in tokamak development.

[0003] Currently, technologies such as MGI (massive gas injection), SMBI (sonic molecular beam injection), SPI (split-projectile injection), LBO (laser blowing), and RMP (resonant magnetic perturbation) have been used in multiple tokamaks and have played a role in suppressing or mitigating escaped electrons to varying degrees. However, these technologies have some drawbacks, such as the following: (1) The amount of injected gas needs to be adjusted according to the plasma breakup situation. Different types and scales of breakup events require different amounts of gas for mitigation. Excessive gas can cause further aggravation of the breakup, which needs to be avoided. (2) Due to the limited diffusion speed of gas molecules, molecular diffusion takes time in large tokamaks. To achieve good results, multiple gas injection ends need to be installed in the vacuum system of the tokamak, occupying a lot of windows and space. (3) Massive gas injection will impact the vacuum system. The amount of gas may exceed the vacuum system's capacity. The gas in the vacuum system needs to be discharged before it can operate normally. However, the vacuum system has a huge volume, and it takes a lot of time to restore it to normal operation. (4) Injected gas will contaminate the plasma, increase impurities in the plasma, and affect the normal operation of the plasma. SMBI technology offers high injection kinetic energy, but its injected particle flux is typically lower than MGI, making it difficult to meet the requirements for fragmentation. It also has a longer response time and requires more precise orientation, which introduces additional response delay. SPI technology uses high-speed impact to break up frozen inert gas and inject it into the plasma, requiring a complex system including cryogenics, acceleration, and bending components, and its effectiveness varies across different devices. LBO technology essentially uses a high-power laser to excite high-frequency electromagnetic disturbances on high-Z impurities such as tungsten to suppress escaped electrons, but the excitation time delay is as long as several milliseconds, resulting in an insufficient response speed. RMP technology has a very slow response speed, typically requiring tens of milliseconds to produce a suppression effect. This speed is insufficient for escaping electrons.

[0004] Therefore, more possible methods still need to be explored to suppress or mitigate escape electrons in future fusion reactors. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a device and method for suppressing escaped electrons through high-frequency magnetic field perturbation. This method uses an external antenna to excite electromagnetic waves with a frequency and spatial structure consistent with the spontaneously generated Alfvén perturbation of plasma and with sufficiently strong amplitude to suppress escaped electrons.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a device for suppressing escaped electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation, the device comprising:

[0007] A high-frequency magnetic probe array, an automatic feedback controller, multiple high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas, and multiple radio frequency power sources connected one-to-one with the multiple high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas;

[0008] The plurality of high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas are uniformly arranged circumferentially along the plasma ring equatorial plane.

[0009] The high-frequency magnetic probe array is used to measure the circumferential magnetic field disturbance and the poloidal magnetic field disturbance of the plasma ring.

[0010] The automatic feedback controller is used to determine the frequency and spatial structure of the Alfvén perturbation excited by the escaped electrons in the plasma ring based on the circumferential magnetic field perturbation and the poloidal magnetic field perturbation; it is also used to determine the frequency and phase of the electromagnetic wave that should be excited by each of the high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antennas to suppress the escaped electrons based on the frequency and the spatial structure.

[0011] Each of the radio frequency power sources is used to generate a corresponding electromagnetic wave based on the frequency and phase of the electromagnetic wave to be excited by the high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antenna connected to it, as conveyed by the automatic feedback controller, and amplify and transmit it to the high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antenna connected to it.

[0012] Each of the high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas is used to excite the received electromagnetic waves to the plasma ring.

[0013] According to the device for suppressing escaped electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation provided by the present invention, the high-frequency magnetic probe array includes: a circumferential high-frequency magnetic probe subarray and a poloidal high-frequency magnetic probe subarray;

[0014] The circumferential high-frequency magnetic probe subarray comprises TN high-frequency magnetic probes uniformly arranged in a ring around the plasma ring equatorial plane.

[0015] The poloidal high-frequency magnetic probe subarray comprises PN high-frequency magnetic probes arranged uniformly in a circle along the poloidal direction, starting from any position in the plasma ring.

[0016] Each of the high-frequency magnetic probes consists of two mutually perpendicular coils, used to detect the circumferential magnetic field and the poloidal magnetic field at its location;

[0017] The circumferential magnetic field disturbance is represented by the circumferential magnetic field measured by the circumferential high-frequency magnetic probe subarray and the poloidal high-frequency magnetic probe subarray, and the poloidal magnetic field disturbance is represented by the poloidal magnetic field measured by the circumferential high-frequency magnetic probe subarray and the poloidal high-frequency magnetic probe subarray. TN is a first preset value and PN is a second preset value.

[0018] According to the device for suppressing escaped electrons by high-frequency magnetic field disturbance provided by the present invention, the -3dB frequency response of each coil in each of the high-frequency magnetic probes is not less than 1MHz;

[0019] The circumferential magnetic field disturbance B T The expression is as follows:

[0020] B T =[B T1 B T2 ]

[0021] The poloidal magnetic field disturbance B P The expression is as follows:

[0022] B P =[B P1 B P2 ]

[0023] in,

[0024] B T1 =[B T，T1 B T，T2 B T，Ti B T，TNi ]

[0025] B T2 =[B T，P1 B T，P2 B T，Pj B T，PN ]

[0026] B P1 =[B P，T1 B P，T2 B P，Ti B P，TN ]

[0027] B P2 =[B P，P1 B P，P2 B P，Pj B P，PN ]

[0028] In the above formula, B T1 For the first circumferential magnetic field disturbance, B T2For the second circumferential magnetic field disturbance, B T，Ti B represents the circumferential magnetic field perturbation measured by the i-th magnetic probe in the circumferential high-frequency magnetic probe subarray. T，Pj B represents the circumferential magnetic field perturbation measured by the j-th magnetic probe in the poloidal high-frequency magnetic probe subarray. P1 For the first pole magnetic field perturbation, B P2 For the second pole magnetic field perturbation, B P，Ti B represents the poloidal magnetic field perturbation measured by the i-th magnetic probe in the circumferential high-frequency magnetic probe subarray. P，Pj Let i be the poloidal magnetic field disturbance measured by the j-th magnetic probe in the poloidal high-frequency magnetic probe subarray, i∈(1~TN), j∈(1~PN).

[0029] According to the device for suppressing escaped electrons by high-frequency magnetic field disturbance provided by the present invention, the automatic feedback controller includes:

[0030] The Alfvén perturbation frequency determination unit is used to construct a first set using the magnetic field signals in the first circumferential magnetic field perturbation, the second circumferential magnetic field perturbation, the first poloidal magnetic field perturbation, and the second poloidal magnetic field perturbation, calculate the cross-correlation power spectral density between any two magnetic field signals in the first set, and determine the frequency of the Alfvén perturbation based on all the cross-correlation power spectral densities.

[0031] The Alfvén perturbation spatial structure determination unit is used to analyze the first circumferential magnetic field perturbation, the second circumferential magnetic field perturbation, the first poloidal magnetic field perturbation, and the second poloidal magnetic field perturbation to obtain the spatial period number corresponding to the spatial periodic component in which the Alfvén perturbation is the main component; wherein, the Alfvén perturbation can be regarded as a combination of a large number of spatial periodic components.

[0032] An excitation electromagnetic wave frequency determination unit is used to determine the frequency of the Alfvén disturbance as the frequency of the electromagnetic wave that should be excited by each of the high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas.

[0033] The excitation electromagnetic wave phase determination unit is used to determine the phase of the electromagnetic wave to be excited by each of the high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas based on the number of spatial periods corresponding to the spatial periodic component in which the Alfvén disturbance is the main component.

[0034] According to the apparatus for suppressing escaped electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation provided by the present invention, determining the frequency of the Alfvén perturbation based on all cross-correlation power spectral densities specifically includes:

[0035] Statistically analyze all cross-correlation power spectral densities, and select the frequency corresponding to the peak with the strongest cross-correlation power as the frequency of the Alfvén perturbation.

[0036] According to the device for suppressing escaped electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation provided by the present invention, the Alfvén perturbation spatial structure determination unit includes: a first analysis sublayer, used to analyze the first circumferential magnetic field perturbation using a singular value decomposition algorithm, to obtain the spatial period number corresponding to the spatial periodic component that occupies the main component in the first circumferential magnetic field perturbation, and record it as the first spatial period number;

[0037] The second analysis sublayer uses the singular value decomposition algorithm to analyze the second circumferential magnetic field disturbance, and obtains the spatial period number corresponding to the spatial periodic component that accounts for the main component in the second circumferential magnetic field disturbance, which is denoted as the second spatial period number.

[0038] The third analysis sublayer is used to analyze the first poloidal magnetic field disturbance using the singular value decomposition algorithm, to obtain the spatial period number corresponding to the spatial periodic component that accounts for the main component in the first poloidal magnetic field disturbance, and to record it as the third spatial period number.

[0039] The fourth analysis sublayer is used to analyze the second poloidal magnetic field disturbance using the singular value decomposition algorithm, to obtain the spatial period number corresponding to the spatial periodic component that accounts for the main component in the second poloidal magnetic field disturbance, and denoted as the fourth spatial period number.

[0040] Select a sublayer for the number of spatial periods corresponding to the spatial periodic component where the Alfvén disturbance is the dominant component.

[0041] According to the apparatus for suppressing escaped electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation provided by the present invention, the phase of the electromagnetic wave excited by each of the high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antennas is expressed by the following formula:

[0042]

[0043] In the above formula, Let N be the phase of the k-th high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antenna, N be the number of spatial periods corresponding to the spatial periodic component in which the Alfvén disturbance is the main component, n be the total number of high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas, and k∈(1~N).

[0044] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for suppressing escaped electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation, the method comprising:

[0045] The high-frequency magnetic probe array is used to measure the circumferential magnetic field disturbance and the poloidal magnetic field disturbance of the plasma ring, and the data is sent to the automatic feedback controller.

[0046] The automatic feedback controller determines the frequency and spatial structure of the Alfvén perturbation excited by escaped electrons in the plasma ring based on the circumferential magnetic field perturbation and the poloidal magnetic field perturbation; and determines the frequency and phase of the electromagnetic wave that each high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antenna should excite to suppress the escaped electrons, as well as the frequency and phase of the electromagnetic wave that each radio frequency power source transmits to its connected high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antenna.

[0047] Each of the radio frequency power sources is controlled to generate a corresponding electromagnetic wave based on the frequency and phase of the electromagnetic wave that should be excited by the high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antenna connected to it, and then amplified and transmitted to the high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antenna connected to it.

[0048] Control each of the high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas to excite the electromagnetic waves received by the plasma ring.

[0049] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electronic device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the program, implements the method for suppressing escaped electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation as described in the first aspect.

[0050] Fourthly, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method of suppressing escaped electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation as described in the first aspect.

[0051] The present invention provides an apparatus and method for suppressing escaped electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation. A high-frequency magnetic probe array is arranged near a plasma ring to measure the circumferential and poloidal magnetic field perturbations of the plasma ring. Then, an automatic feedback controller is used to analyze the circumferential and poloidal magnetic field perturbations to determine the frequency and spatial structure of the Alfvén perturbation excited by escaped electrons in the plasma ring. Finally, multiple high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antennas arranged near the plasma ring, along with multiple radio frequency power sources connected one-to-one with these antennas, are used to excite electromagnetic waves with sufficiently strong amplitude, frequency, and spatial structure that are completely consistent with the frequency and spatial structure of the Alfvén perturbation, thereby suppressing escaped electrons. Attached Figure Description

[0052] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0053] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the device provided by the present invention that suppresses escaped electrons by high-frequency magnetic field disturbance;

[0054] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the circumferential high-frequency magnetic probe subarray provided by the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the poloidal high-frequency magnetic probe subarray provided by the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for suppressing escaped electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation provided by the present invention.

[0057] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention;

[0058] Figure label:

[0059] 510: Processor; 520: Communication interface; 530: Memory; 540: Communication bus. Detailed Implementation

[0060] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0061] The following is combined with Figures 1-5 The present invention describes the apparatus and method for suppressing escaped electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation.

[0062] Firstly, Alfven perturbations, also known as Alfven instabilities or Alfven waves, are magnetohydrodynamic perturbations that radiate alternating electromagnetic fields of a specific frequency and spatial structure. Commonly found in high-power assisted heating experiments, they are generally considered detrimental to fusion because they can disrupt high-energy particle confinement, reduce alpha particle heating power, and severely impact fusion gain. However, Alfven perturbations also have a beneficial side. Considering that tokamak plasmas also contain harmful high-energy particles that need to be suppressed or quickly eliminated—escape electrons being one such example—the disruptive effect of Alfven perturbations on high-energy particle confinement could potentially be utilized. For instance, it could serve as a means of suppressing or mitigating escape electrons.

[0063] Based on this, the present invention provides a device for suppressing escaped electrons through high-frequency magnetic field perturbation, such as... Figure 1As shown, the device includes: a high-frequency magnetic probe array, an automatic feedback controller (or automatic feedback circuit), multiple high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas, and multiple radio frequency power sources connected one-to-one with the multiple high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas;

[0064] The plurality of high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas are uniformly arranged circumferentially along the plasma ring equatorial plane.

[0065] The high-frequency magnetic probe array is used to measure the circumferential magnetic field disturbance and the poloidal magnetic field disturbance of the plasma ring.

[0066] The automatic feedback controller is used to determine the frequency and spatial structure of the Alfvén perturbation excited by the escaped electrons in the plasma ring based on the circumferential magnetic field perturbation and the poloidal magnetic field perturbation; it is also used to determine the frequency and phase of the electromagnetic wave that should be excited by each of the high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antennas to suppress the escaped electrons based on the frequency and the spatial structure.

[0067] Each of the radio frequency power sources is used to generate a corresponding electromagnetic wave based on the frequency and phase of the electromagnetic wave to be excited by the high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antenna connected to it, as conveyed by the automatic feedback controller, and amplify and transmit it to the high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antenna connected to it.

[0068] Each of the high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas is used to excite the received electromagnetic waves to the plasma ring.

[0069] It can be seen that the high-frequency magnetic probe in the high-frequency magnetic probe array of the present invention does not directly measure the escaped electrons, but measures the frequency and spatial structure of the Alfvén perturbation (radiating an alternating electromagnetic field with a certain frequency and spatial structure) caused by the escaped electrons. The frequency and spatial structure of the electromagnetic wave excited by the plasma need to be completely consistent with the frequency and spatial structure of the Alfvén perturbation excited by the escaped electrons. The alternating electromagnetic field measured by the high-frequency magnetic probe array can be easily amplified. As long as the amplitude is strong enough, it can suppress the escaped electrons.

[0070] The present invention provides a device for suppressing escaped electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation. A high-frequency magnetic probe array is arranged near a plasma ring to measure the circumferential and poloidal magnetic field perturbations of the plasma ring. Then, an automatic feedback controller is used to analyze these circumferential and poloidal magnetic field perturbations to determine the frequency and spatial structure of the Alfvén perturbation excited by escaped electrons in the plasma ring. Finally, multiple high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antennas arranged near the plasma ring, along with multiple radio frequency power sources connected one-to-one with these antennas, are used to excite electromagnetic waves with sufficiently strong amplitude, frequency, and spatial structure that are completely consistent with the frequency and spatial structure of the Alfvén perturbation, thereby suppressing escaped electrons.

[0071] Specifically, the high-frequency magnetic probe array includes: a circumferential high-frequency magnetic probe subarray and a poloidal high-frequency magnetic probe subarray;

[0072] The circumferential high-frequency magnetic probe subarray comprises TN high-frequency magnetic probes uniformly arranged in a ring around the plasma ring equatorial plane.

[0073] Correspondingly, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the circumferential high-frequency magnetic probe subarray;

[0074] The poloidal high-frequency magnetic probe subarray comprises PN high-frequency magnetic probes arranged uniformly in a circle along the poloidal direction, starting from any position in the plasma ring.

[0075] Correspondingly, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the poloidal high-frequency magnetic probe subarray;

[0076] Each of the high-frequency magnetic probes consists of two mutually perpendicular coils for detecting the circumferential magnetic field and the poloidal magnetic field at its location; preferably, the -3dB frequency response of each coil in each of the high-frequency magnetic probes is not less than 1MHz;

[0077] The circumferential magnetic field disturbance is represented by the circumferential magnetic field measured by the circumferential high-frequency magnetic probe subarray and the poloidal high-frequency magnetic probe subarray, and the poloidal magnetic field disturbance is represented by the poloidal magnetic field measured by the circumferential high-frequency magnetic probe subarray and the poloidal high-frequency magnetic probe subarray. TN is a first preset value and PN is a second preset value.

[0078] It is understood that the magnetic field signals detected by the circumferential high-frequency magnetic probe subarray and the poloidal high-frequency magnetic probe subarray are spatial samples of circumferential magnetic field disturbances and poloidal magnetic field disturbances. The more densely the high-frequency magnetic probes are arranged, the more accurate the sampling will be.

[0079] Furthermore, the circumferential magnetic field disturbance B T The expression is as follows:

[0080] B T =[B T1 B T2 ]

[0081] The poloidal magnetic field disturbance B P The expression is as follows:

[0082] B P =[B P1 B P2 ]

[0083] in,

[0084] B T1 =[B T，T1 BT，T2 B T，Ti B T，TNi ]

[0085] B T2 =[B T，P1 B T，P2 B T，Pj B T，PN ]

[0086] B P1 =[B P，T1 B P，T2 B P，Ti B P，TN ]

[0087] B P2 =[B P,P1 B P,P2 B P,Pj B P，PN ]

[0088] In the above formula, B T1 For the first circumferential magnetic field disturbance, B T2 For the second circumferential magnetic field disturbance, B T,Ti B represents the circumferential magnetic field perturbation measured by the i-th magnetic probe in the circumferential high-frequency magnetic probe subarray. T,Pj B represents the circumferential magnetic field perturbation measured by the j-th magnetic probe in the poloidal high-frequency magnetic probe subarray. P1 For the first pole magnetic field perturbation, B P2 For the second pole magnetic field perturbation, B P,Ti B represents the poloidal magnetic field perturbation measured by the i-th magnetic probe in the circumferential high-frequency magnetic probe subarray. P,Pj Let i be the poloidal magnetic field disturbance measured by the i-th magnetic probe in the poloidal high-frequency magnetic probe subarray, i∈(1~TN), j∈(1~PN).

[0089] Optionally, the number of high-frequency magnetic probes in the circumferential / polar high-frequency magnetic probe subarray is determined by experimentally observing the number of spatial periods corresponding to the main spatial components of the tokamak Alfven perturbation along the circumferential / polar directions. It should be at least twice the number of spatial periods, and generally no less than 6 / 12. Here, the number of spatial periods corresponding to the main spatial components of the tokamak Alfven perturbation along the circumferential / polar directions is basically fixed. Even if there are changes, they mostly only vary between 1 and 3, so 6 / 12 is sufficient.

[0090] Alfvén disturbances can be viewed as a combination of many spatial periodic components, with one or two spatial periodic components accounting for more than 90% of the total disturbance power. These one or two spatial periodic components are the main spatial components.

[0091] Specifically, the automatic feedback controller includes:

[0092] The Alfvén perturbation frequency determination unit is used to construct a first set using the magnetic field signals from the first circumferential magnetic field perturbation, the second circumferential magnetic field perturbation, the first poloidal magnetic field perturbation, and the second poloidal magnetic field perturbation, calculate the cross-correlation power spectral density between any two magnetic field signals in the first set, and determine the frequency of the Alfvén perturbation based on all the cross-correlation power spectral densities; wherein, the cross-correlation power spectral density calculation method can refer to Matlab's cpsd or Python's scipy.signal.csd function.

[0093] The Alfvén perturbation spatial structure determination unit is used to analyze the first circumferential magnetic field perturbation, the second circumferential magnetic field perturbation, the first poloidal magnetic field perturbation, and the second poloidal magnetic field perturbation to obtain the spatial period number corresponding to the spatial periodic component in which the Alfvén perturbation is the dominant component. The Alfvén perturbation can be viewed as a combination of many spatial periodic components. Similar to FFT, the spatial periodic components that constitute the dominant component are generally the most significant spatial periodic components. Each spatial periodic component has a specific number of periods or modes. The number of spatial periods is essentially equivalent to the number of plasma spatial modes; the number of periods is 3, and it is generally referred to as having 3 modes. Preferably, SVD or FFT decomposition can be used as the Alfvén perturbation decomposition algorithm.

[0094] An excitation electromagnetic wave frequency determination unit is used to determine the frequency of the Alfvén disturbance as the frequency of the electromagnetic wave that should be excited by each of the high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas.

[0095] The excitation electromagnetic wave phase determination unit is used to determine the phase of the electromagnetic wave to be excited by each of the high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas based on the number of spatial periods corresponding to the spatial periodic component in which the Alfvén disturbance is the main component.

[0096] Furthermore, determining the frequency of the Alfvén perturbation based on all cross-correlation power spectral densities specifically includes:

[0097] Statistically analyze all cross-correlation power spectral densities, and select the frequency corresponding to the peak with the strongest cross-correlation power as the frequency of the Alfvén perturbation.

[0098] That is, the cross-correlation power spectral density of all magnetic field signals detected by the high-frequency magnetic probe is calculated pairwise, and the frequency with the most significant cross-correlation is the main frequency of the Alfvén perturbation, which is also the frequency of the electromagnetic wave excited by the Xu Xiang plasma ring.

[0099] Furthermore, the Alfvén perturbation spatial structure determination unit includes: a first analysis sublayer, used to analyze the first circumferential magnetic field perturbation using a singular value decomposition algorithm, to obtain the spatial period number corresponding to the spatial periodic component that accounts for the main component in the first circumferential magnetic field perturbation, and to record it as the first spatial period number;

[0100] The second analysis sublayer uses the singular value decomposition algorithm to analyze the second circumferential magnetic field disturbance, and obtains the spatial period number corresponding to the spatial periodic component that accounts for the main component in the second circumferential magnetic field disturbance, which is denoted as the second spatial period number.

[0101] The third analysis sublayer is used to analyze the first poloidal magnetic field disturbance using the singular value decomposition algorithm, to obtain the spatial period number corresponding to the spatial periodic component that accounts for the main component in the first poloidal magnetic field disturbance, and to record it as the third spatial period number.

[0102] The fourth analysis sublayer is used to analyze the second poloidal magnetic field disturbance using the singular value decomposition algorithm, to obtain the spatial period number corresponding to the spatial periodic component that accounts for the main component in the second poloidal magnetic field disturbance, and denoted as the fourth spatial period number.

[0103] Select a sublayer for the number of spatial periods corresponding to the spatial periodic component where the Alfvén disturbance is the dominant component.

[0104] That is, singular value decomposition (SVD) is used to analyze the magnetic field signal sequences detected by the circumferential magnetic probe array and the poloidal magnetic probe array respectively, so as to obtain the most important spatial structure components in the magnetic disturbance signal.

[0105] Furthermore, the phase of the electromagnetic wave excited by each of the aforementioned high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas is expressed by the following formula:

[0106]

[0107] In the above formula, Let N be the phase of the k-th high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antenna, N be the number of spatial periods corresponding to the spatial periodic component in which the Alfvén disturbance is the main component, n be the total number of high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas, and k∈(1~N).

[0108] Secondly, the method for suppressing escaped electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation provided by the present invention will be described below. The method for suppressing escaped electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation described below can be referred to in correspondence with the apparatus for suppressing escaped electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation described above. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the method includes:

[0109] S11. Using the high-frequency magnetic probe array, measure the circumferential magnetic field disturbance and poloidal magnetic field disturbance of the plasma ring, and send the data to the automatic feedback controller.

[0110] S12. The automatic feedback controller is controlled to determine the frequency and spatial structure of the Alfvén perturbation excited by the escape electrons in the plasma ring based on the circumferential magnetic field perturbation and the poloidal magnetic field perturbation; based on the frequency and spatial structure, the frequency and phase of the electromagnetic wave that each high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antenna should be excited to suppress the escape electrons, and the frequency and phase of the electromagnetic wave that each radio frequency power source transmits to its connected high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antenna should be excited to;

[0111] S13. Control each of the radio frequency power sources to generate corresponding electromagnetic waves based on the frequency and phase of the electromagnetic waves that should be excited by the high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antenna connected to itself, and amplify and transmit them to the high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antenna connected to itself.

[0112] S14. Control each of the high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas to excite the electromagnetic waves received by the plasma ring.

[0113] The present invention provides a method for suppressing escaped electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation. A high-frequency magnetic probe array is arranged near a plasma ring to measure the circumferential and poloidal magnetic field perturbations of the plasma ring. Then, an automatic feedback controller is used to analyze these circumferential and poloidal magnetic field perturbations to determine the frequency and spatial structure of the Alfvén perturbation excited by escaped electrons in the plasma ring. Finally, multiple high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antennas arranged near the plasma ring, along with multiple radio frequency power sources connected one-to-one with these antennas, are used to excite electromagnetic waves with sufficiently strong amplitude, frequency, and spatial structure that are completely consistent with the frequency and spatial structure of the Alfvén perturbation, thereby suppressing escaped electrons.

[0114] Thirdly. Figure 5 An example is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device, such as... Figure 5As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 510, a communication interface 520, a memory 530, and a communication bus 540, wherein the processor 510, the communication interface 520, and the memory 530 communicate with each other through the communication bus 540. The processor 510 can call logic instructions in the memory 530 to execute a method for suppressing escaped electrons through high-frequency magnetic field perturbation. This method includes: using the high-frequency magnetic probe array to measure the circumferential and poloidal magnetic field perturbations of the plasma ring and sending the measurements to the automatic feedback controller; controlling the automatic feedback controller to determine the frequency and spatial structure of the Alfvén perturbation excited by escaped electrons in the plasma ring based on the circumferential and poloidal magnetic field perturbations; determining, based on the frequency and spatial structure, the frequency and phase of the electromagnetic wave that each high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antenna should excite to suppress the escaped electrons, and the frequency and phase of the electromagnetic wave that each radio frequency power source transmits to its connected high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antenna; controlling each radio frequency power source to generate a corresponding electromagnetic wave based on the frequency and phase of the electromagnetic wave that its connected high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antenna should excite, and amplifying and transmitting it to its connected high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antenna; and controlling each high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antenna to excite the received electromagnetic wave to the plasma ring.

[0115] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 530 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, essentially, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0116] Fourthly, the present invention also provides a computer program product, the computer program product comprising a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer is able to execute the method provided by the above methods for suppressing escape electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation. The method includes: using the high-frequency magnetic probe array to measure the circumferential magnetic field perturbation and poloidal magnetic field perturbation of the plasma ring, and sending the measurements to the automatic feedback controller; controlling the automatic feedback controller to determine the Al₂O₃ excited by the escape electrons in the plasma ring based on the circumferential magnetic field perturbation and the poloidal magnetic field perturbation. The frequency and spatial structure of the perturbation; based on the frequency and spatial structure, determine the frequency and phase of the electromagnetic wave that each of the high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antennas should excite to suppress the escaped electrons, and the frequency and phase of the electromagnetic wave that each of the radio frequency power sources transmits to the high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antennas connected to it; control each of the radio frequency power sources to generate corresponding electromagnetic waves based on the frequency and phase of the electromagnetic waves that the high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antennas connected to it should excite, and amplify and transmit them to the high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antennas connected to it; control each of the high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antennas to excite the received electromagnetic waves to the plasma ring.

[0117] Fifthly, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements a method for suppressing escaped electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation provided by the methods described above. The method includes: using the high-frequency magnetic probe array to measure the circumferential magnetic field perturbation and poloidal magnetic field perturbation of a plasma ring, and sending the measurements to the automatic feedback controller; controlling the automatic feedback controller to determine the frequency and spatial structure of Alfvén perturbations excited by escaped electrons in the plasma ring based on the circumferential magnetic field perturbation and the poloidal magnetic field perturbation; determining, based on the frequency and spatial structure, the frequency and phase of the electromagnetic wave that each high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antenna should excite to suppress the escaped electrons, and the frequency and phase of the electromagnetic wave that each radio frequency power source transmits to its connected high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antenna; controlling each radio frequency power source to generate a corresponding electromagnetic wave based on the frequency and phase of the electromagnetic wave that its connected high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antenna should excite, and amplifying and transmitting it to its connected high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antenna; and controlling each high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antenna to excite the received electromagnetic wave to the plasma ring.

[0118] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0119] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0120] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for suppressing runaway electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation, characterized by, The device includes: A high-frequency magnetic probe array, an automatic feedback controller, multiple high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas, and multiple radio frequency power sources connected one-to-one with the multiple high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas; The plurality of high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas are uniformly arranged circumferentially along the plasma ring equatorial plane. The high-frequency magnetic probe array is used to measure the circumferential magnetic field disturbance and the poloidal magnetic field disturbance of the plasma ring. The automatic feedback controller is used to determine the frequency and spatial structure of the Alfvén perturbation excited by the escaped electrons in the plasma ring based on the circumferential magnetic field perturbation and the poloidal magnetic field perturbation; it is also used to determine the frequency and phase of the electromagnetic wave that should be excited by each of the high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antennas to suppress the escaped electrons based on the frequency and the spatial structure. Each of the radio frequency power sources is used to generate a corresponding electromagnetic wave based on the frequency and phase of the electromagnetic wave to be excited by the high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antenna connected to it, as conveyed by the automatic feedback controller, and amplify and transmit it to the high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antenna connected to it. Each of the high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas is used to excite the received electromagnetic waves to the plasma ring.

2. The device for suppressing escape electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation according to claim 1, characterized by, The high-frequency magnetic probe array includes: a circumferential high-frequency magnetic probe subarray and a poloidal high-frequency magnetic probe array; The toroidal high-frequency magnetic probe subarray comprises a circle of high-frequency magnetic probes arranged uniformly along the equatorial plane of the plasma ring ​ The poloidal high-frequency magnetic probe subarray includes a circle of high-frequency magnetic probes arranged uniformly along the poloidal direction from any position of the plasma ring ​ Each of the high-frequency magnetic probes consists of two mutually perpendicular coils, used to detect the circumferential magnetic field and the poloidal magnetic field at its location; The circumferential magnetic field disturbance is represented by the circumferential magnetic field measured by the circumferential high-frequency magnetic probe subarray and the poloidal high-frequency magnetic probe subarray, and the poloidal magnetic field disturbance is represented by the poloidal magnetic field measured by the circumferential high-frequency magnetic probe subarray and the poloidal high-frequency magnetic probe subarray. The first preset value, This is the second preset value.

3. The device for suppressing escape electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation according to claim 2, characterized by, The -3dB frequency response of each coil in each of the aforementioned high-frequency magnetic probes is not less than 1 MHz; The toroidal magnetic field perturbation The expression is as follows: ； The poloidal magnetic field perturbation The expression is as follows: ； in, ； ； ； ； In the above formula, This is the first circumferential magnetic field disturbance. This is a second circumferential magnetic field disturbance. The first in the circumferential high-frequency magnetic probe subarray The circumferential magnetic field disturbance measured by a magnetic probe The first in the poloidal high-frequency magnetic probe subarray The circumferential magnetic field disturbance measured by a magnetic probe This is a first-pole magnetic field disturbance. This is a disturbance in the magnetic field of the second pole. The first in the circumferential high-frequency magnetic probe subarray The poloidal magnetic field perturbation measured by a magnetic probe The first in the poloidal high-frequency magnetic probe subarray The poloidal magnetic field perturbation measured by a magnetic probe , .

4. The device for suppressing escape electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation according to claim 3, characterized by, The automatic feedback controller includes: The Alfvén perturbation frequency determination unit is used to construct a first set using the magnetic field signals in the first circumferential magnetic field perturbation, the second circumferential magnetic field perturbation, the first poloidal magnetic field perturbation, and the second poloidal magnetic field perturbation, calculate the cross-correlation power spectral density between any two magnetic field signals in the first set, and determine the frequency of the Alfvén perturbation based on all the cross-correlation power spectral densities. The Alfvén perturbation spatial structure determination unit is used to analyze the first circumferential magnetic field perturbation, the second circumferential magnetic field perturbation, the first poloidal magnetic field perturbation, and the second poloidal magnetic field perturbation to obtain the spatial period number corresponding to the spatial periodic component in which the Alfvén perturbation is the main component; wherein, the Alfvén perturbation can be decomposed into a combination of a large number of spatial periodic components. An excitation electromagnetic wave frequency determination unit is used to determine the frequency of the Alfvén disturbance as the frequency of the electromagnetic wave that should be excited by each of the high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas. The excitation electromagnetic wave phase determination unit is used to determine the phase of the electromagnetic wave to be excited by each of the high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas based on the number of spatial periods corresponding to the spatial periodic component in which the Alfvén disturbance is the main component.

5. The device for suppressing escape electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation according to claim 4, characterized by, The determination of the frequency of the Alfvén perturbation based on all cross-correlation power spectral densities specifically includes: Statistically analyze all cross-correlation power spectral densities, and select the frequency corresponding to the peak with the strongest cross-correlation power as the frequency of the Alfvén perturbation.

6. The device for suppressing escape electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation according to claim 4, characterized by, The Alfvén perturbation spatial structure determination unit includes: a first analysis sublayer, used to analyze the first circumferential magnetic field perturbation using a singular value decomposition algorithm, to obtain the spatial period number corresponding to the spatial periodic component that accounts for the main component in the first circumferential magnetic field perturbation, and to record it as the first spatial period number; The second analysis sublayer uses the singular value decomposition algorithm to analyze the second circumferential magnetic field disturbance, and obtains the spatial period number corresponding to the spatial periodic component that accounts for the main component in the second circumferential magnetic field disturbance, which is denoted as the second spatial period number. The third analysis sublayer is used to analyze the first poloidal magnetic field disturbance using the singular value decomposition algorithm, to obtain the spatial period number corresponding to the spatial periodic component that accounts for the main component in the first poloidal magnetic field disturbance, and to record it as the third spatial period number. The fourth analysis sublayer is used to analyze the second poloidal magnetic field disturbance using the singular value decomposition algorithm, to obtain the spatial period number corresponding to the spatial periodic component that accounts for the main component in the second poloidal magnetic field disturbance, and denoted as the fourth spatial period number. Select a sublayer for the number of spatial periods corresponding to the spatial periodic component where the Alfvén disturbance is the dominant component.

7. The apparatus for suppressing escape electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation according to claim 4, wherein The phase of the electromagnetic wave excited by each of the aforementioned high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas is expressed by the following formula: ； In the above formula, For the first The phase of a high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antenna, The spatial period number corresponds to the spatial periodic component in which the Alfvén disturbance is the dominant component. This represents the total number of high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas. .

8. A method of suppressing runaway electrons by high frequency magnetic field perturbation, characterized by, The method includes: Using a high-frequency magnetic probe array, the circumferential magnetic field disturbance and poloidal magnetic field disturbance of the plasma ring are measured and sent to an automatic feedback controller. The automatic feedback controller determines the frequency and spatial structure of the Alfvén perturbation excited by the escaped electrons in the plasma ring based on the circumferential magnetic field perturbation and the poloidal magnetic field perturbation; and determines the frequency and phase of the electromagnetic wave that each high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antenna should excite to suppress the escaped electrons, as well as the frequency and phase of the electromagnetic wave that each radio frequency power source transmits to its connected high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antenna. Each of the radio frequency power sources is controlled to generate a corresponding electromagnetic wave based on the frequency and phase of the electromagnetic wave that should be excited by the high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antenna connected to it, and then amplified and transmitted to the high-frequency magnetic perturbation excitation antenna connected to it. Control each of the high-frequency magnetic disturbance excitation antennas to excite the electromagnetic waves received by the plasma ring.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the method for suppressing escaped electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation as described in claim 8.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the method for suppressing escaped electrons by high-frequency magnetic field perturbation as described in claim 8.

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