Assembly type metro station ring member and assembly type metro station construction method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of metro assembly station, particularly relates to a kind of annular components for assembly metro station and the construction method of assembly metro station, the annular component for assembly metro station of the present application, first top support rod is arranged in the both sides of annular component body, each first top support rod is connected with first backing plate in one end outside annular component body, each first top support rod is equipped with first pressure mechanism in one end inside annular component body, each first top support rod is driven to move outside annular component body by each first pressure mechanism, each first backing plate can be pressed in the underground continuous wall on the both sides of annular component, so that single annular component body can timely support underground continuous wall, greatly shorten the time length of underground continuous wall lacking internal support state, reduce the risk of underground continuous wall instability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of prefabricated subway station technology, and in particular to a ring-shaped component for prefabricated subway stations and a construction method for prefabricated subway stations. Background Technology

[0002] Prefabricated subway stations consist of multiple ring-shaped components assembled sequentially along the length of the station. Each ring-shaped component is composed of multiple sub-components assembled sequentially. Compared to cast-in-place subway stations, prefabricated subway stations can improve construction efficiency, save labor, improve working conditions, and shorten the construction period, and have been rapidly adopted in the field of subway station construction.

[0003] When constructing prefabricated subway stations, a foundation pit needs to be excavated first. To prevent soil collapse on both sides of the pit, a support structure needs to be installed on both sides of the pit area before excavation to block the soil from collapsing. For geological conditions such as water-rich strata or soft foundations, pile-anchor support structures cannot be used, and a structure combining underground continuous walls and internal bracing is required to support the pit. The internal bracing in the pit will affect the construction of the prefabricated subway station. Therefore, during the construction of the prefabricated subway station, part of the internal bracing structure needs to be removed to facilitate the hoisting of various ring-shaped components. To facilitate the assembly of the ring-shaped components, grooves are provided between the two sides of the ring-shaped components and the two sides of the pit. Therefore, during the construction of the ring-shaped components, the underground continuous walls on both sides of the ring-shaped components are in a state of lack of support. Currently, after multiple ring-shaped components are assembled to a specified length, concrete is poured into the grooves on both sides of each ring-shaped component. After the concrete solidifies, it forms the internal support for the underground continuous walls on both sides. However, the assembly of multiple ring-shaped components and the concrete pouring and setting time in the trench are relatively long. The diaphragm walls located on both sides of each ring-shaped component are in a state of lack of internal support for a long time, and the diaphragm walls are at risk of instability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that, currently, during the construction of prefabricated subway stations, the assembly of multiple ring-shaped components and the concrete pouring and solidification time of the trenches on both sides of each ring-shaped component are relatively long, resulting in the underground continuous walls on both sides of each ring-shaped component being in a state of lack of internal support for a long time, and the underground continuous walls are at risk of instability.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention aims to provide a prefabricated ring-shaped component for subway stations, comprising a ring-shaped component body, with first top support rods passing through both sides of the ring-shaped component body. Each first top support rod has a first pad connected to one end outside the ring-shaped component body, and each first top support rod has a first pressure-applying mechanism at one end inside the ring-shaped component body. Each first pressure-applying mechanism is used to drive each first top support rod to move outward from the ring-shaped component body, so that each first pad presses against the underground continuous wall located on both sides of the ring-shaped component body.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment, the annular component body includes a bottom component, a first side component, a top component, and a second side component that are sequentially spliced ​​to form an annulus, with each of the first top support rods arranged close to the top component.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the annular component body further includes a central component fixed in the middle of the inner cavity of the annular component, and a second top support rod arranged close to the central component is provided on the outer middle of the first side component and the middle of the second side component. Each of the second top support rods has a second pad connected to one end outside the annular component body, and each of the second top support rods has a second pressure applying mechanism connected to one end inside the annular component body. Each of the second pressure applying mechanisms is used to drive each of the second top support rods to move outward from the annular component body, so that each of the second pads presses against the underground continuous wall located on both sides of the annular component body.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the first pressure-applying mechanism includes a threaded sleeve fixed in the side wall of the annular component body and an external thread provided on the outer periphery of the top support rod. The first top support rod is screwed into the threaded sleeve, and one end of the first top support rod located inside the annular component body is provided with a wrench.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the first pad is rotatably connected to the end of the first top support rod, and the rotation center line of the first pad is coaxial with the first top support rod.

[0010] A construction method for prefabricated subway stations includes the following steps: Step S1: Construct diaphragm walls on both sides of the area to be excavated. Step S2: Excavate the foundation pit, and set up a plurality of first support beams arranged at intervals along the length of the foundation pit in the foundation pit. The two ends of each first support beam abut against the underground continuous wall located on both sides of the foundation pit. Step S3: Assemble the aforementioned ring-shaped components within the foundation pit; Step S4: Use the first pressure-applying mechanism to drive the first top support rod to move outward from the ring-shaped component body, so that each first pad plate presses against the underground continuous wall located on both sides of the ring-shaped component body; Step S5: Remove the first support beam that is close to the body of the annular component.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, each of the first support beams is positioned higher than the top component; In step S2, a plurality of second support beams are arranged at intervals along the length of the foundation pit in the middle of the foundation pit; each of the second support beams is higher than the first side member and the second side member. In step S3, assembling the annular component within the foundation pit includes: Step S31: Install the bottom component, the first side component, the second side component, and the middle component; Step S32: Use the second pressure mechanism to drive each second top support rod to move outward from the ring-shaped component body, so that each second pad plate presses against the underground continuous wall located on both sides of the ring-shaped component body; Step S33: Remove each of the second support beams located above the first side member and the second side member; Step S34: Assemble the top component above the first side component and the second side component.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, step S2 further includes providing a plurality of third support beams arranged at intervals along the length of the foundation pit at the lower part of the foundation pit; the position of each of the third support beams is higher than the bottom component; Step S31 includes: Step S311: Fix the bottom component to the bottom of the pit; Step S312: Grouting is performed in the first trench between the bottom component and the underground continuous wall; Step S313: Remove each of the third support beams located above the bottom component.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the bottom component includes a plurality of bottom plate components sequentially spliced ​​along the length direction of the foundation pit, and step S311 includes: Step S3111: Construct multiple precision leveling strips at the bottom of the foundation pit; Step S3112: Assemble each of the base plate components on each of the precision flat strips, and pass tension steel bars arranged parallel to the axial direction of the annular component body through each of the base plate components. Use the tension steel bars to apply tension force to each of the base plate components so that each of the base plate components fits tightly together. Step S3113: Grouting is performed at the gaps enclosed by each of the precision flat strips and the bottom component.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, step S4 includes: Step S41: Rotate the wrench part of each of the first top support rods using a wrench tool until each of the first pads abuts against the underground continuous wall located on both sides of the annular component body. Step S42: Weld the periphery of the second end of the first top support rod to the periphery of the threaded sleeve.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The prefabricated ring-shaped component for subway stations of the present invention has first top support rods inserted on both sides of the ring-shaped component body. Each first top support rod has a first pad connected to one end outside the ring-shaped component body, and each first top support rod has a first pressure-applying mechanism at one end inside the ring-shaped component body. By driving each first top support rod to move outward from the ring-shaped component body through each first pressure-applying mechanism, each first pad can press against the underground continuous wall located on both sides of the ring-shaped component. This allows a single ring-shaped component body to support the underground continuous wall in a timely manner, greatly shortening the time when the underground continuous wall lacks internal support and reducing the risk of instability of the underground continuous wall. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the prefabricated ring-shaped component for subway stations according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the first top support rod and the ring-shaped component body. Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the foundation pit after construction. Figure 4 This is a structural diagram illustrating the installation process of the ring-shaped component; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the ring-shaped component is installed in the foundation pit; Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the central column trolley; In the diagram, 1. Diaphragm wall, 2. Excavation pit, 31. First support beam, 32. Second support beam, 33. Third support beam, 4. Ring-shaped component body, 41. Bottom component, 42. First side component, 43. Top component, 44. Second side component, 45. Middle component, 51. First top support rod, 511. First pad, 512. Tightening part, 513. First threaded sleeve, 52. Second top support rod, 6. Fine-level strip, 71. First groove, 72. Second groove, 81. Central column, 82. Central longitudinal beam, 83. Central column trolley, 91. Bottom trolley, 92. Top trolley. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0018] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. It should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used in this invention to describe various information, but this information should not be limited to these terms; these terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of this invention, "first" information can also be referred to as "second" information, and similarly, "second" information can also be referred to as "first" information.

[0019] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the prefabricated annular component for a subway station according to the present invention includes an annular component body 4. First support rods 51 are provided on both sides of the annular component body 4. A first pad 51 is connected to the end of each first support rod 51 located outside the annular component body 4. A first pressing mechanism is provided at the end of each first support rod 51 located inside the annular component body 4. Each first pressing mechanism is used to drive each first support rod 51 to move outward from the annular component body 4, so that each first pad 511 presses against the diaphragm wall 1 located on both sides of the annular component body 4. By driving each first support rod 51 to move outward from the annular component body 4 through each first pressing mechanism, each first pad 511 can press against the diaphragm wall 1 located on both sides of the annular component, thereby enabling a single annular component body 4 to promptly support the diaphragm wall 1, greatly shortening the time the diaphragm wall 1 lacks internal support and reducing the risk of instability of the diaphragm wall 1.

[0020] The annular component body 4 includes a bottom component 41, a first side component 42, a top component 43, and a second side component 44, which are sequentially spliced ​​to form an annulus. Each first top support rod 51 is arranged close to the top component 43. The top component 43 can provide a supporting reaction force to the first top support rod 51, ensuring the stability of the annular component's support for the first top support rod 51.

[0021] Furthermore, the annular component body 4 also includes a central component 45 fixed in the middle of the inner cavity of the annular component. Second top support rods 52 are provided near the central component 45 on the outer middle of the first side component 42 and the middle of the second side component 44. Each second top support rod 52 has a second pad connected to one end outside the annular component body 4, and a second pressure mechanism connected to one end inside the annular component body 4. Each second pressure mechanism is used to drive each second top support rod 52 to move outwards from the annular component body 4, so that each second pad presses against the diaphragm wall 1 located on both sides of the annular component body 4. The second top support rods 52 can further improve the support strength of the annular component body 4 for the diaphragm wall 1. Specifically, the central component 45 is a horizontally arranged support plate, and a central column 81 is connected to the lower middle of the support plate. The central column 81 can enhance the stability of the central component 45.

[0022] In this embodiment, the first pressure-applying mechanism includes a threaded sleeve fixed in the side wall of the annular component body 4 and an external thread provided on the outer periphery of the top support rod. The first top support rod 51 is screwed into the threaded sleeve, and one end of the first top support rod 51 located inside the annular component body 4 is provided with a wrench 512. Specifically, the operator can extend the top support rod outward by rotating the wrench 512 while standing inside the annular component body 4 using a wrench, facilitating the adjustment of the top support rod. In this embodiment, the wrench 512 is an internal hexagon or an external hexagon, and the wrench is an internal hexagon wrench or an external hexagon wrench.

[0023] To prevent the first pad 511 from rotating, the first pad 511 is rotatably connected to the end of the first top support rod 51, and the rotation center line of the first pad 511 is coaxial with the first top support rod 51. The contact area between the first top support rod 51 and the first pad 511 is smaller than the contact area between the first pad 511 and the diaphragm wall 1. When the first top support rod 51 rotates, the first pad 511 remains fixed to the diaphragm wall 1, and the first top support rod 51 rotates relative to the first pad 511. In this embodiment, the structure of the second top support rod 52 is the same as that of the first top support rod 51.

[0024] An embodiment of a construction method for prefabricated subway stations, such as... Figures 3 to 6 As shown, it includes the following steps: Step S1: Construct diaphragm walls 1 on both sides of the area to be excavated 2; Step S2: Excavate the foundation pit 2, and set up multiple first support beams 31 arranged at intervals along the length of the foundation pit 2 in the foundation pit 2. The two ends of each first support beam 31 abut against the underground continuous wall 1 located on both sides of the foundation pit 2. Step S3: Assemble the aforementioned ring-shaped components within the foundation pit 2; Step S4: Use the first pressure-applying mechanism to drive the first top support rod 51 to move outward from the annular component body 4, so that each first pad 511 presses against the underground continuous wall 1 located on both sides of the annular component body 4. Step S5: Remove the first support beam 31 that is close to the annular component body 4.

[0025] The diaphragm wall 1 and each of the first support beams 31 serve as a support structure to achieve stable support for the foundation pit 2, and are applicable to water-rich strata or soft foundations. Then, annular components are assembled in the foundation pit 2. Since the annular component body 4 is provided with first top support rods 51 on both sides, each first pressure-applying mechanism drives each first top support rod 51 to move outward from the annular component body 4, so that each first pad plate 511 presses against the diaphragm wall 1 located on both sides of the annular component. The already constructed annular component body 4 can be used to support the diaphragm wall 1 in a timely manner, thereby allowing the first support beams 31 near the annular component to be removed in a timely manner, facilitating the subsequent construction of the annular component.

[0026] Furthermore, the positions of each first support beam 31 are all higher than the top member 43; Step S2 also includes setting up a plurality of second support beams 32 at intervals along the length direction of the foundation pit 2 in the middle of the foundation pit 2; each second support beam 32 is higher than the first side member 42 and the second side member 44. In step S3, assembling the ring-shaped component within the foundation pit 2 includes: Step S31: Install the bottom component 41, the first side component 42, the second side component 44, and the middle component 45; Step S32: Use the second pressure mechanism to drive each second top support rod 52 to move outward from the annular component body 4, so that each second pad presses against the underground continuous wall 1 located on both sides of the annular component body 4. Step S33: Remove the second support beams 32 located above the first side member 42 and the second side member 44; Step S34: Assemble the top component 43 above the first side component 42 and the second side component 44.

[0027] Specifically, the second support beam 32 makes the ring-shaped component more stable in supporting the diaphragm wall 1. The second support beam 32 will not hinder the construction of the bottom component 41, the first side component 42, the second side component 44 and the middle component 45 located below the second support beam 32. After the bottom component 41, the first side component 42, the second side component 44 and the middle component 45 are assembled, the second pressure mechanism drives the second top support component to push the second pad outward, so that the second pad supports the middle part of the diaphragm wall 1, avoiding the adverse effect of removing the second support beam 32 on the stability of the diaphragm wall 1. The second support beam 32 is removed before assembling the top component 43 to avoid the second support beam 32 affecting the construction of the top component 43. After the top component 43 is constructed, the first pressure mechanism pushes the first pad 511 outward, so that the first pad 511 supports the upper part of the diaphragm wall 1, thus providing support for the upper part of the diaphragm wall 1.

[0028] In this embodiment, to further improve the stability of the underground continuous wall 1, step S2 also includes setting multiple third support beams 33 at intervals along the length direction of the foundation pit 2 at the lower part of the foundation pit 2; the setting position of each third support beam 33 is higher than the bottom component 41. Step S31 includes: Step S311: Fix the bottom component 41 to the bottom of the pit 2; Step S312: Grouting is performed in the first trench 71 between the bottom component 41 and the underground diaphragm wall 1; Step S313: Remove each of the third support beams 33 located above the bottom component 41.

[0029] Specifically, before the concrete in the first trench 71 between the bottom component 41 and the diaphragm wall 1 solidifies, the third support beam 33 has not yet been removed. At this time, the third support beam 33 can provide support for the bottom of the diaphragm wall 1. After the concrete in the first trench 71 between the bottom component 41 and the diaphragm wall 1 solidifies, the solidified concrete and the bottom component 41 can provide support for the bottom of the diaphragm wall 1. At this time, the third support beam 33 located above the bottom component 41 can be removed, thereby avoiding the impact of the third support beam 33 located above the bottom component 41 on the construction of the first side component 42 and the second side component 44. In this embodiment, the first support beam 31 is a concrete support beam, and the second support beam 32 and the third support beam 33 are both steel supports. The construction of the foundation pit 2 includes the following: under the condition of a level site, the guide wall and the underground continuous wall 1 are constructed, dewatering wells are installed and dewatering is carried out in the foundation pit 2, with the water level dropping to 1m below the excavation surface of the foundation pit 2; then the foundation pit 2 is excavated. When the foundation pit 2 is excavated to the bottom surface of the first support beam 31, a concrete support beam is installed; after the cap beam and the concrete support beam reach the design strength, the foundation pit 2 is excavated downward to 0.5m below the center line of the second support beam 32, and the second support beam 32 is erected. The foundation pit 2 is then excavated downward to 0.5m below the center line of the third support beam 33, and the third support beam 33 is erected, until the bottom surface of the foundation pit 2 is reached.

[0030] The bottom component 41 includes multiple bottom plate components sequentially spliced ​​along the length of the foundation pit 2. Step S311 includes: Step S3111: Construct multiple leveling strips 6 at the bottom of the foundation pit 2; specifically, the bottom of the foundation pit 2 is cleared and leveled by manual labor and excavator, and a concrete layer of not less than 20cm thickness is sealed in time, followed by the construction of leveling strips 6 and cushion layer.

[0031] Step S3112: Assemble each base plate component on each fine flat strip 6, and insert tension steel bars arranged parallel to the axial direction of the ring component body 4 into each base plate component. Use the tension steel bars to apply tension force to each base plate component so that each base plate component fits tightly together. Step S3113: Grouting is performed at the gaps enclosed by each fine-level strip 6 and the bottom component 41.

[0032] In this embodiment, to improve construction efficiency, the bottom component 41 includes multiple bottom plate components that are sequentially spliced ​​along the length of the foundation pit 2. Each bottom plate component is provided with tensioning steel bars arranged parallel to the length of the foundation pit 2. Specifically, after the fine-leveling strip 6 is completed, a reaction fixing frame is constructed at the bottom of the foundation pit 2. The reaction fixing frame is a steel composite beam. The first end of the tensioning steel bar is fixed on the reaction fixing frame. Multiple bottom plate components are assembled, and the tensioning steel bars are passed through the tensioning holes of each bottom plate component. Then, the tensioning device is used to pull the tensioning steel bars closer. After the tensioning steel bars are tensioned, the other end of the tensioning steel bars is fixed to the bottom plate component located at the end of the bottom component 41 using a fastening nut. The tensioning steel bars are used to tighten each bottom plate component, resulting in higher connection strength between the bottom plate components. By first installing the various base plate components, and after the base plate components are assembled into the bottom component 41, and the first trench 71 is poured with concrete, the third support beam 33 is removed. Then, the first side component 42, the second side component 44, and the middle component 45 are constructed. After the first side component 42, the second side component 44, and the middle component 45 form a stable support, the second telescopic top support is used to support the diaphragm wall 1. After that, the second support beam 32 is removed. After the top component 43 is completed, the first telescopic top support is used to support the upper part of the diaphragm wall 1. After that, the first support beam 31 is removed. The ring-shaped components are constructed from bottom to top while the inner support structure is removed. This ensures both the stability of the diaphragm wall 1 and the smoothness of the construction. When installing the first base plate component, the end of the base plate component is connected to the reaction fixing frame to control the longitudinal clearance of subsequent base plate components to approximately 12cm. To avoid the base plate components being affected by the third support beam 33, subsequent base plate components should be hoisted as close as possible to the already assembled base plate components. After the base plate components have been assembled in 6 to 10 rings, grouting is performed on the first groove 71 on both sides of the base plate component and grouting is performed on the gaps between the fine leveling strips. In this embodiment, the first side component 42 includes multiple first side plate components sequentially spliced ​​along the length direction of the foundation pit 2, and the second side component 44 includes multiple second side plate components sequentially spliced ​​along the length direction of the foundation pit 2. The first side plate components and the second side plate components are all tensioned by tensioning steel bars. The top component 43 includes multiple top plate components sequentially spliced ​​along the length direction of the foundation pit 2, and the top plate components are tensioned by tensioning steel bars.

[0033] In this embodiment, a central longitudinal beam 82 is provided in the middle of the annular component body 4. The central longitudinal beam 82 is arranged along the length direction of the foundation pit 2 and is located at the upper end of the central column 81. The central component 45 is located at the upper end of the central longitudinal beam 82. After step S3113, a trolley travel track is laid on the bottom component 41, and the bottom trolley 91 and the central column trolley 83 are installed and debugged. Then, the central column 81 and the central longitudinal beam 82 are assembled using the bottom trolley 91 and the central column trolley 83. The first side plate component and the second side plate component are hoisted and aligned vertically with the bottom plate component. The first side plate component and the second side plate component are assembled on the bottom plate component. The installation accuracy of the first side plate component and the second side plate component can be adjusted by the bottom trolley 91 adjustment device. After the central component 45 is assembled, the second top support rods 52 are extended outward to support the underground continuous wall 1. Next, a top trolley 92 is installed on the upper part of the middle component 45 to assemble the top plate component: the top trolley 92 travel track is laid on the reserved platform of the middle plate component, the top trolley 92 is installed and debugged, the top plate component is hoisted and assembled with the first side plate component and the second side plate component, the distance between the top plate components along the length direction of the foundation pit 2 is kept at 12cm, and tensioning and locking are performed by the longitudinal pre-tightening device. After the top plate component is installed, the second top support rods 52 are extended outward, and then the first support beam 31 that is close to the top plate component and located behind the top plate component is removed to provide hoisting space for the construction of the next ring component. In this embodiment, the location of the ring component constructed first is taken as the front, and the location of the ring component body 4 constructed later is taken as the rear. After the ten ring-shaped components 4 are assembled, the second trench 72 between each assembled ring-shaped component 4 and the underground continuous wall 1 is poured in layers, with a layer height of less than 1.5m. At the same time, grouting and sealing work is carried out at the joints of each ring-shaped component 4. Finally, backfilling is carried out on the top of each ring-shaped component 4.

[0034] To prevent the top support screw from loosening and to ensure the waterproofing between the top support screw and the threaded sleeve, in this embodiment, step S4 includes: Step S41: Rotate the wrench part 512 of each first top support rod 51 by using a wrench tool until each first pad 511 abuts against the underground continuous wall 1 located on both sides of the annular component body 4. Step S42: Weld the periphery of the second end of the first top support rod 51 to the periphery of the threaded sleeve.

[0035] In summary, the prefabricated annular component for subway stations of the present invention includes an annular component body 4, with first support rods 51 passing through both sides of the annular component body 4. Each first support rod 51 has a first pad 511 connected to its outer end. Each first support rod 51 has a first pressure-applying mechanism at its inner end. Each first pressure-applying mechanism drives each first support rod 51 to move outward from the annular component body 4, so that each first pad 511 presses against the diaphragm wall 1 located on both sides of the annular component body 4. By driving each first support rod 51 to move outward from the annular component body 4 through each first pressure-applying mechanism, each first pad 511 can press against the diaphragm wall 1 located on both sides of the annular component, thereby enabling a single annular component body 4 to promptly support the diaphragm wall 1, greatly shortening the time the diaphragm wall 1 lacks internal support and reducing the risk of instability of the diaphragm wall 1.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ring-shaped component for prefabricated subway stations, characterized in that, The device includes a ring-shaped component body (4), with first top support rods (51) passing through both sides of the ring-shaped component body (4). Each first top support rod (51) has a first pad (511) connected to its outer end. Each first top support rod (51) has a first pressure-applying mechanism at its inner end. Each first pressure-applying mechanism is used to drive each first top support rod (51) to move outwards from the ring-shaped component body (4), so that each first pad (511) presses against the underground continuous wall (1) located on both sides of the ring-shaped component body (4). The first pressure-applying mechanism includes a threaded sleeve fixed in the side wall of the ring-shaped component body (4) and an external thread provided on the outer periphery of the top support rod. The first top support rod (51) is screwed into the threaded sleeve. One end of the first top support rod (51) located inside the annular component body (4) is provided with a wrench part (512). The first pad (511) is rotatably connected to the end of the first top support rod (51), and the rotation center line of the first pad (511) is coaxial with the first top support rod (51). The contact area between the first top support rod (51) and the first pad (511) is smaller than the contact area between the first pad (511) and the underground continuous wall (1). When the first top support rod (51) is rotated, the first pad (511) remains fixed with the underground continuous wall (1), and the first top support rod (51) rotates relative to the first pad (511).

2. The prefabricated ring-shaped component for subway stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring-shaped component body (4) includes a bottom component (41), a first side component (42), a top component (43), and a second side component (44) that are sequentially spliced ​​to form a ring. Each of the first top support rods (51) is arranged close to the top component (43).

3. The ring-shaped component for prefabricated subway stations according to claim 2, characterized in that, The annular component body (4) also includes a central component (45) fixed in the middle of the inner cavity of the annular component. The middle of the outer side of the first side component (42) and the middle of the second side component (44) are both provided with a second top support rod (52) arranged close to the central component (45). Each of the second top support rods (52) is connected to a second pad at one end outside the annular component body (4), and a second pressure mechanism is connected to one end inside the annular component body (4). Each of the second pressure mechanisms is used to drive each of the second top support rods (52) to move to the outside of the annular component body (4) so ​​that each of the second pads presses against the underground continuous wall (1) located on both sides of the annular component body (4).

4. A construction method for a prefabricated subway station, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Construct underground continuous walls (1) on both sides of the area to be excavated (2). Step S2: Excavate the foundation pit (2), and set up a plurality of first support beams (31) arranged at intervals along the length direction of the foundation pit (2) in the foundation pit (2). The two ends of each first support beam (31) abut against the underground continuous wall (1) located on both sides of the foundation pit (2). Step S3: Assemble the annular component as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 within the foundation pit (2); Step S4: Use the first pressure mechanism to drive the first top support rod (51) to move outward from the annular component body (4), so that each first pad (511) presses against the underground continuous wall (1) located on both sides of the annular component body (4). Step S5: Remove the first support beam (31) that is close to the annular component body (4).

5. The construction method for prefabricated subway stations according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the first support beams (31) is positioned higher than the top member (43). In step S2, a plurality of second support beams (32) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the foundation pit (2) in the middle of the foundation pit (2); each of the second support beams (32) is higher than the first side member (42) and the second side member (44). In step S3, assembling the annular component within the foundation pit (2) includes: Step S31: Install the bottom component (41), the first side component (42), the second side component (44), and the middle component (45). Step S32: Use the second pressure mechanism to drive each second top support rod (52) to move outward from the annular component body (4), so that each second pad presses against the underground continuous wall (1) located on both sides of the annular component body (4). Step S33: Remove each of the second support beams (32) located above the first side member (42) and the second side member (44); Step S34: Assemble the top component (43) above the first side component (42) and the second side component (44).

6. The construction method for prefabricated subway stations according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S2, a plurality of third support beams (33) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the foundation pit (2) at the lower part of the foundation pit (2); the position of each third support beam (33) is higher than the bottom component (41). Step S31 includes: Step S311: Fix the bottom component (41) to the bottom of the pit (2); Step S312: Grouting is performed in the first trench (71) between the bottom component (41) and the underground continuous wall (1); Step S313: Remove each of the third support beams (33) located above the bottom component (41).

7. The construction method for prefabricated subway stations according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bottom component (41) includes a plurality of bottom plate components sequentially spliced ​​along the length direction of the foundation pit (2), and step S311 includes: Step S3111: Construct multiple fine-level strips (6) at the bottom of the foundation pit (2); Step S3112: Assemble each of the base plate components on each of the precision flat strips (6), and pass tension bars parallel to the axial arrangement of the annular component body (4) through each of the base plate components. Use the tension bars to apply tension force to each of the base plate components so that each of the base plate components fits tightly together. Step S3113: Grouting is performed at the gaps enclosed by each of the fine flat strips (6) and the bottom component (41).

8. The construction method for prefabricated subway stations according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S4 includes: Step S41: Rotate the wrench part (512) of each of the first top support rods (51) by wrenching tool until each of the first pads (511) abuts against the underground continuous wall (1) located on both sides of the annular component body (4). Step S42: Weld the periphery of the second end of the first top support rod (51) to the periphery of the threaded sleeve.

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