Grouting cavity treatment device and method and tunnel

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a grouting cavity processing device and method. The grouting cavity processing device comprises a sensor unit comprising at least two sensors arranged along a first direction, the sensors being adapted to detect a grouting cavity existing in a surrounding space; and a grouting unit comprising at least one grouting pipe arranged around the sensor unit and extending along the first direction, one end of the grouting pipe being provided with a grout inlet adapted for grout inflow, and a pipe wall of the grouting pipe being provided with at least one grouting port adapted for grouting around the grouting pipe. The embodiments of the present disclosure can detect and eliminate grouting cavities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of civil engineering, and in particular to a grouting cavity treatment device, a grouting cavity treatment method, and a tunnel having the grouting cavity treatment device. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of tunnels and other civil engineering projects, grouting is commonly used, which involves injecting cement grout or other materials into an enclosed space to form the desired structure. However, structures formed by grouting are prone to voids, affecting their structural strength.

[0003] Taking tunnel construction as an example, the load-bearing structure of a tunnel consists of initial support and secondary lining. Voids behind the lining are a common tunnel construction quality defect, which can worsen the interaction between the surrounding rock and the initial support, leading to localized stress concentration in the lining structure. This can even cause cracks or fissures in the lining structure, as well as other related defects, thus threatening the safety of the tunnel structure. Especially when the voids behind the tunnel lining are too large, the combined effects of traffic, groundwater, and other factors can easily cause instability in the surrounding rock, and may even lead to tunnel collapse under the combined action of internal and external forces.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new technical solution to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This disclosure is made in order to overcome at least one aspect of the technical problems in the prior art.

[0006] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this disclosure, a grouting void treatment device is provided, comprising: a sensor unit including at least two sensors arranged along a first direction, the sensors being adapted to detect grouting voids existing in the surrounding space; and a grouting unit including at least one grouting pipe disposed around the sensor unit and extending along the first direction, one end of the grouting pipe being provided with a grout inlet adapted for grout inflow, and the pipe wall of the grouting pipe being provided with at least one grouting port adapted for grouting around the grouting pipe.

[0007] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this disclosure, a method for treating grouting voids is proposed, implemented based on the aforementioned grouting void treatment device, comprising: arranging the grouting void treatment device in a space to be grouted; performing a first grouting into the space to be grouted; obtaining the detection result of the sensor unit of the grouting void treatment device after the first grouting; and performing a second grouting using the grouting unit of the grouting void treatment device based on the detection result.

[0008] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this disclosure, a tunnel is provided, comprising: the above-described grouting void treatment device; a tunnel initial support; and a geotextile and a waterproof membrane, wherein the geotextile is disposed on the tunnel initial support, and a sandwich layer is defined between the geotextile and the waterproof membrane, and the grouting void treatment device is arranged within the sandwich layer. Attached Figure Description

[0009] The above and other aspects and features of this disclosure will become clear from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a tunnel cross-section according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0011] Figure 2 This is a top view of a grouting cavity treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0012] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the grouting cavity treatment device along section AA'.

[0013] Figure 4 This is a top view of a grouting cavity treatment apparatus according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0014] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the grouting cavity treatment device along section AA'.

[0015] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a grouting cavity treatment device assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0016] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a pressure switch according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] In the diagram: 000-1, initial support face of tunnel excavation; 000-2, geotextile; 000-3, waterproof membrane; 000-4, secondary lining trolley; 10, grouting void treatment device; 100, connecting pipe; 101, grouting pipe; 101-1, grouting port; 103, connecting part; 104-1, first insulation layer; 104-2, second insulation layer; 105, U-shaped pipe; 200, sensor unit; 201, sensor; 202-1, first packaging layer; 202-2, second packaging layer; 203-1, first electrode layer; 203-2, second electrode layer; 204, elastic medium layer; 205-1, primary grouting machine; 205-2, secondary grouting machine; 206, electrical contact; 207, support layer; 300, adhesive layer; 001, first unit; 002, second unit. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The following description of embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings is intended to explain the overall inventive concept of the present disclosure and should not be construed as a limitation thereof. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this disclosure are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0019] To address voids that may occur during grouting, this disclosure involves arranging linearly extending sensor units within the grouting space and placing grouting pipes parallel to these sensor units. During a single grouting operation, the sensors acquire post-grouting detection results to determine the presence of voids. If voids are found, secondary grouting is performed using the grouting pipes near the voids to eliminate them.

[0020] The embodiments disclosed herein are illustrated using the treatment of cavities in tunnel construction as an example. It should be noted that, in addition to tunnel construction, this disclosure can also be applied to other types of civil engineering projects, such as prefabricated building construction.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a tunnel cross-section according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 As shown, during tunnel construction, the initial support surface 000-1 is first excavated to a certain depth. Then, geotextile 000-2 is laid on the surface of the initial support surface 000-1. Next, a waterproof membrane 000-3 is installed below the geotextile 000-2. An interlayer is formed between the geotextile 000-2 and the waterproof membrane 000-3, which is the space to be grouted. Finally, the secondary lining trolley 000-4 is placed in the tunnel, and the primary grouting machine 205-1 and the secondary grouting machine 205-2 on the secondary lining trolley 000-4 are used for primary grouting and secondary grouting to form a dense secondary lining without voids in the above-mentioned interlayer.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the grouting void treatment device 10 in this disclosure is disposed in the interlayer between the geotextile 000-2 and the waterproof membrane 000-3, and the top end of the grouting void treatment device 10 is connected to the surface of the geotextile 000-2. The extension direction of the grouting void treatment device 10 is consistent with the extension direction of the tunnel (in Figure 1 In the middle, both extend perpendicularly to the paper.

[0023] In optional embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, multiple (exemplary, three) grouting void treatment devices 10 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the tunnel on the surface of the geotextile 000-2. The number and spacing of the grouting void treatment devices 10 can be set according to specific circumstances and are not limited to the above example. Multiple grouting void treatment devices 10 can be evenly distributed in the space to be grouted to fully detect and treat voids that occur during the grouting process.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a top view of a grouting cavity treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 As shown, the grouting cavity treatment device includes a sensor unit 200 and a grouting unit. The sensor unit 200 includes components along a first direction (e.g., Figure 2 At least two sensors 201 are arranged horizontally in the grouting unit. Each sensor 201 is adapted to detect the presence of grouting voids in the surrounding space. The grouting unit includes at least one grouting pipe 101 disposed around the sensor unit 200 and extending along the same first direction. One end of the grouting pipe 101 is provided with a grout inlet adapted for grout inflow (see [reference]). Figure 2 The end of the grouting pipe 101 marked with "IN" is provided with at least one grouting port 101-1 on the pipe wall of the grouting pipe 101, which is suitable for grouting around the grouting pipe 101.

[0025] exist Figure 2 In this process, the grout inlet is an axial opening, but the form of the grout inlet is not limited to this. For example, the grout inlet can also be an opening on the side wall near the end of the grouting pipe 101.

[0026] exist Figure 2 In this configuration, the grouting port is located on the side of the grouting pipe 101 away from the sensor unit 200. This not only prevents the sensor unit 200 from affecting the grouting process, but also allows the grout to flow horizontally, facilitating its exit from the grouting pipe.

[0027] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the number, form, and location of the grouting ports 101-1 can be set according to specific circumstances. Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, there are multiple grouting ports 101-1, which are circular holes located on the side of the grouting pipe 101 away from the sensor unit 200. In other embodiments, the number of grouting ports 101-1 may be one or a smaller number (e.g., two or three), and they may be square holes, elongated holes, or slits, etc., and may be located on one side of the grouting pipe 101, or may be evenly or unevenly distributed around the circumference of the grouting pipe 101.

[0028] In an optional embodiment, although not shown, the grouting port 101-1 may be an elongated hole extending along the first direction and located on the side of the grouting pipe 101 away from the sensor unit 200, or it may be a plurality of elongated holes extending along the first direction and evenly distributed around the circumference of the grouting pipe 101.

[0029] In an optional embodiment, the grouting port 101-1 on the grouting pipe 101 extends a certain distance along the first direction. This extension of a certain distance can be as follows: Figure 2As shown, multiple grouting ports 101-1 are arranged at intervals in the first direction to form a certain length. Alternatively, as described above, a single grouting port 101-1 can extend a certain distance along the first direction to form an elongated hole. The aforementioned certain distance is, for example, one-third, one-half, or two-thirds of the length of the grouting pipe 101.

[0030] In the above embodiment, the grouting port 101-1 on the grouting pipe 101 extends a certain distance along the first direction, which can extend the grouting position along the length direction of the grouting pipe 101, which is beneficial to obtain a larger cavity detection and filling range.

[0031] In optional embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the grouting cavity treatment device includes two grouting pipes 101. The two grouting pipes 101 are distributed on both sides of the sensor unit 200 (due to...). Figure 2 This is a top view; the two grouting pipes 101 are actually horizontally distributed on both sides of the sensor unit 200, as shown in the diagram. Figure 3 For the sake of clarity, we will still use... Figure 2 The two grouting pipes 101 are distinguished by the terms "upper side" and "lower side". Figure 2 In the upper grouting pipe 101, the right end is the grout inlet and the left end is the grout outlet. Similarly, the left end of the lower grouting pipe 101 is the grout inlet and the right end is the grout outlet. Furthermore, the left ends of the two grouting pipes 101 are connected by a U-shaped pipe 105, thus connecting the two grouting pipes 101 into a single unit. Grout flows in from the right end of the upper grouting pipe 101 and out from the right end of the lower grouting pipe 101, flowing within both grouting pipes 101. During this flow, the grout can also enter the external space through the grouting ports 101-1 on the two grouting pipes 101, thereby achieving grouting of the external space.

[0032] exist Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, each grouting pipe 101 has a grout inlet and a grout outlet at both ends. In other embodiments, each grouting pipe 101 may have a grout inlet at only one end, with the other end closed. In the above embodiment, after the grout enters the grouting pipe 101 through the grout inlet, it flows out entirely through the grouting port 101-1 on the grouting pipe 101. It is easy to understand that in this case, the grouting pipes 101 on both sides of the sensor unit 200 are not connected to each other.

[0033] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the grouting cavity treatment device along section AA'. (See attached image.) Figure 3 As shown, the sensor 201 includes an elastic dielectric layer 204 and a first electrode layer 203-1 and a second electrode layer 203-2 located on both sides of the elastic dielectric layer 204. The first electrode layer 203-1 is located on the side away from the elastic dielectric layer 204 (i.e., Figure 3 The upper side of the middle) is provided with a first packaging layer 202-1, and the second electrode layer 203-2 is located on the side away from the elastic dielectric layer 204 (i.e., Figure 3 A second packaging layer 202-2 is provided on the lower side of the packaging.

[0034] exist Figure 3 In the process, when the upper and lower sides of the sensor 201 are compressed, the thickness of the elastic dielectric layer 204 changes, and correspondingly, the distance between the first electrode layer 203-1 and the second electrode layer 203-2 changes. Consequently, the capacitance of the capacitor formed by the first electrode layer 203-1, the second electrode layer 203-2, and the elastic dielectric layer 204 changes, thereby determining the magnitude of the pressure applied to the sensor 201. It is easy to understand that when the pressure detected by the sensor 201 is greater than zero, it means that it is being compressed by the slurry, indicating that the area around the sensor 201 is filled with slurry, i.e., there are no grouting voids. When the pressure detected by the sensor 201 is zero, it means that it is not being compressed by the slurry, indicating that there are grouting voids in the space around the sensor 201.

[0035] exist Figure 3 In this embodiment, sensor 201 can detect the magnitude of the pressure acting on it; that is, sensor 201 is a pressure measurement sensor. In other embodiments, sensor 201 may only detect the presence or absence of pressure; that is, sensor 201 may be a pressure switch.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a pressure switch according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 7 As shown, the pressure switch includes a first electrode layer 203-1 and a second electrode layer 203-2. A support layer 207 is partially disposed between the first electrode layer 203-1 and the second electrode layer 203-2. A first packaging layer 202-1 is disposed on the side of the first electrode layer 203-1 away from the support layer 207, and a second packaging layer 202-2 is disposed on the side of the second electrode layer 203-2 away from the support layer 207. Furthermore, the pressure switch also includes an electrical contact 206. The electrical contact 206 is used for electrical connection.

[0037] exist Figure 7 In this circuit, when the upper and lower sides of sensor 201 are squeezed, the first electrode layer 203-1 and the second electrode layer 203-2 approach each other until they make contact, and the electrical transmission path between them is completed. Based on this, it can be determined whether pressure exists on sensor 201. It is easy to understand that the aforementioned pressure switch has a minimum detection value. The presence of pressure on sensor 201 means that there is pressure on sensor 201 that is greater than or equal to the minimum detection value.

[0038] In an optional embodiment, all sensors in sensor unit 200 may be pressure measurement sensors. In an optional embodiment, all sensors in sensor unit 200 may be pressure switches.

[0039] In an optional embodiment, the sensor unit 200 may include both a pressure measuring sensor and a pressure switch, and the pressure measuring sensor and pressure switch are periodically arranged in the first direction. The pressure measuring sensor can be used for fine detection of grouting voids, while the pressure switch can be used for coarse detection of grouting voids, thus balancing detection speed and accuracy. Furthermore, the pressure measuring sensor and pressure switch may be arranged alternately in the first direction.

[0040] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the type of pressure sensor (including pressure measurement sensor and pressure switch) is not limited, and it can be capacitive, resistive, piezoelectric or strain gauge.

[0041] In the embodiments of this disclosure, in addition to being a pressure sensor, sensor 201 can also be a sensor that detects other physical quantities, such as a distance sensor, and its detection results can be used to determine whether there are grouting cavities in the surrounding space.

[0042] In an optional embodiment, the sensor unit 200 can be connected to a display terminal. The display terminal can display the detection results in real time, allowing construction personnel to quickly understand the information about grouting voids.

[0043] In optional embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, an insulating structure is provided between the sensor 201 and the grouting pipe 101. This insulating structure electrically insulates the sensor 201 from the grout flowing from the grouting pipe 101, ensuring the normal function of the sensor 201. Furthermore, the insulating structure may include a dense first insulating layer 104-1 and a perforated second insulating layer 104-2, with the second insulating layer 104-2 positioned closer to the grouting pipe 101 than the first insulating layer 104-1. The perforations in the second insulating layer 104-2 serve as flow channels for the grout, improving grouting efficiency.

[0044] In optional embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first insulating layer 104-1 is connected to the sensor 201, the second insulating layer 104-2 is connected to the first insulating layer 104-1, and the grouting pipe 101 is connected to the second insulating layer 104-2, so that the sensor unit 200 and the grouting pipe 101 form a whole.

[0045] In optional embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first packaging layer 202-1 is located on the side away from the first electrode layer 203-1 (i.e., Figure 3An adhesive layer 300 is provided on the upper side of the device. The adhesive layer 300 can be used to fix the grouting void treatment device to the mounting surface, such as the surface of geotextile 000-2.

[0046] In optional embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the axes of the two grouting pipes 101 and the axis of the sensor 201 are located in the same plane. In other embodiments, the axes of the two grouting pipes 101 and the axis of the sensor 201 may not be coplanar.

[0047] In optional embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the grouting pipe 101 and the sensor 201 are located at the same horizontal height. In other embodiments, the grouting pipe 101 and the sensor 201 may be located at different horizontal heights; for example, the grouting pipe 101 may be positioned slightly above or below the sensor 201.

[0048] The following combination Figures 1-3 This describes the usage method of the grouting cavity treatment device in this embodiment. For example... Figures 1-3 As shown, multiple (exemplarily three) grouting cavity treatment devices 10 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the tunnel. After preparation, a primary grouting machine 205-1 is used to directly grout the interlayer between the geotextile 000-2 and the waterproof membrane 000-3. After the primary grouting is completed, the sensor unit 200 of the grouting cavity treatment device 10 is used to detect whether there are grouting cavities. Assuming that the grouting cavity treatment device 10 located at the center detects a cavity, secondary grouting is performed using the grouting pipe 101 of the grouting cavity treatment device 10. During secondary grouting, the pipe of the secondary grouting machine 205-2 is connected to the grout inlet of the grouting pipe 101. The grout enters the grouting pipe 101 from the secondary grouting machine 205-2 and flows out from the grouting port 101-1 of the grouting pipe 101, filling the space around the grouting cavity treatment device 10. The secondary grouting is completed when the sensor unit 200 of the grouting cavity treatment device 10 shows that there are no cavities.

[0049] Figure 4 This is a top view of a grouting cavity treatment apparatus according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the grouting cavity treatment device along section AA'. Figure 4 and Figure 5 Chinese Implementation Examples and Figure 2 and Figure 3 The difference in the Chinese embodiment is that the grouting unit includes a grouting pipe 101 and a connecting pipe 100. The connecting pipe 100 has a sealed wall, and the two ends of the grouting pipe 101 and the connecting pipe 100 are respectively provided with a grout inlet suitable for grout inflow and a grout outlet suitable for grout outflow.

[0050] Figure 4and Figure 5 The grouting void treatment device is suitable for multi-stage combined use. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a grouting cavity treatment device assembly is shown, which includes a first unit 001 and a second unit 002, each unit having... Figure 4 The structure shown. In Figure 6 In the middle, the left end of the connecting pipe 100 or the grouting pipe 101 is the grout outlet, and the right end is the grout inlet.

[0051] In actual construction, the laying of waterproof membrane 000-3 and the grouting operation are carried out step by step along the tunnel depth direction. When... Figure 6 When grouting is performed on the interlayer surrounding the first unit 001, the edge of the lower waterproofing liner 000-3 extends beyond the end of the first unit 001, making it inconvenient for the pipe of the secondary grouting machine 205-2 to connect with the grout inlet of the first unit 001. To address this, a second unit 002 can be laid behind the first unit 001, and the grout inlet of the grouting pipe 101 of the first unit 001 can be connected to the grout outlet of the connecting pipe 100 of the second unit 002 using the connecting part 103. During secondary grouting, the pipe of the secondary grouting machine 205-2 can be connected to the grout inlet of the connecting pipe 100 of the second unit 002, allowing the grout to enter the grouting pipe 101 of the first unit 001 through the connecting pipe 100 and the connecting part 103, and then perform secondary grouting through the grouting port 101-1.

[0052] Apart from Figure 6 In addition to the two units shown, combinations of three or more units can also be used. The connecting pipe 100 of each unit can serve as a grout channel for the grouting pipe 100 of the previous unit.

[0053] In optional embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the axis of the grouting pipe 101, the axis of the connecting pipe 100, and the axis of the sensor 201 are located in the same plane. In other embodiments, the axis of the grouting pipe 101, the axis of the connecting pipe 100, and the axis of the sensor 201 may not be coplanar.

[0054] In optional embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the grouting pipe 101, connecting pipe 100, and sensor 201 are located at the same horizontal height. In other embodiments, the grouting pipe 101, connecting pipe 100, and sensor 201 may be located at different horizontal heights; for example, the grouting pipe 101 or connecting pipe 100 may be positioned slightly above or below the sensor 201.

[0055] This disclosure also provides a method for treating grouting voids, implemented based on the grouting void treatment device described above, including steps (see...). Figure 1 and Figure 2 ):

[0056] Step 1: Place the grouting void treatment device 10 in the space to be grouted.

[0057] Step 2: Perform one grouting in the space to be grouted;

[0058] Step 3: Obtain the detection results of the sensor unit 200 of the grouting void treatment device 10 after one grouting.

[0059] Step 4: Based on the test results, perform secondary grouting using the grouting unit of the grouting void treatment device 10.

[0060] In an optional embodiment, the method can be applied to tunnel construction, and step 1 above may further include (see...) Figure 1 First, geotextile 000-2 is laid on the initial support surface 000-1 of the tunnel excavation; second, the grouting void treatment device 10 is connected to the geotextile 000-2, wherein the extension direction of the grouting void treatment device 10 is consistent with the extension direction of the tunnel; finally, waterproof board 000-3 is laid under the grouting void treatment device 10.

[0061] In an optional embodiment, multiple (exemplary, three) grouting cavity treatment devices 10 may be arranged in parallel within the space to be grouted, and correspondingly step 4 may further include (see...) Figure 1 First, based on the detection results of multiple grouting cavity treatment devices 10, the location of the cavity is determined; second, secondary grouting is performed using the grouting unit of the grouting cavity treatment device 10 corresponding to the location of the cavity.

[0062] In an optional embodiment, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 Step 4 above may further include: injecting grout into the connecting pipe 100 of the second unit 002 and flowing into the grouting pipe 101 of the first unit 001 to grout around the first unit 001.

[0063] For details and technical effects of the method for treating grouting voids in this embodiment, please refer to the above description of the grouting void treatment device, which will not be repeated here.

[0064] Based on the above, this disclosure proposes the following technical solution:

[0065] 1. A grouting cavity treatment device, comprising:

[0066] The sensor unit includes at least two sensors arranged along a first direction, the sensors being adapted to detect grouting voids in the surrounding space;

[0067] The grouting unit includes at least one grouting pipe disposed around the sensor unit and extending along a first direction. One end of the grouting pipe is provided with a grout inlet suitable for grout inflow, and the pipe wall of the grouting pipe is provided with at least one grouting port suitable for grouting around the grouting pipe.

[0068] 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:

[0069] The at least one grouting port extends a certain distance along the first direction.

[0070] 3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein:

[0071] The at least one grouting port includes at least two grouting ports arranged along the first direction.

[0072] 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:

[0073] The at least one grouting port is located on the side of the grouting pipe away from the sensor unit.

[0074] 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:

[0075] The at least one grouting pipe includes two grouting pipes, which are located on both sides of the sensor unit.

[0076] 6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein:

[0077] The axes of the two grouting pipes are located in the same plane as the axis of the sensor unit; and / or

[0078] The two grouting pipes are connected at their first adjacent ends and are respectively provided with a grout inlet and a grout outlet suitable for grout flow at their second adjacent ends; or the two grouting pipes are not connected at their first adjacent ends and are respectively provided with a grout inlet at their second adjacent ends.

[0079] 7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:

[0080] The grouting unit includes a grouting pipe and a connecting pipe on both sides of the sensor unit. The connecting pipe has a sealed wall. The two ends of the grouting pipe and the connecting pipe are respectively provided with a grout inlet suitable for grout inflow and a grout outlet suitable for grout outflow.

[0081] 8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein:

[0082] The device includes at least two grouting units, wherein the grouting pipe of the first grouting unit is connected to the connecting pipe of the second grouting unit, and the connecting pipe of the first grouting unit is connected to the grouting pipe of the second grouting unit.

[0083] 9. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein:

[0084] The axis of the grouting pipe, the axis of the connecting pipe, and the axis of the sensor unit are located in the same plane.

[0085] 10. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:

[0086] An insulating structure is provided between the sensor unit and the grouting pipe.

[0087] 11. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein:

[0088] The insulation structure includes a dense first insulation layer and a porous second insulation layer, the second insulation layer being closer to the grouting pipe than the first insulation layer.

[0089] 12. The apparatus according to 11, wherein:

[0090] The first insulating layer is connected to the sensor unit, the second insulating layer is connected to the first insulating layer, and the grouting pipe is connected to the second insulating layer.

[0091] 13. The apparatus according to any one of 1-12, wherein:

[0092] The at least two sensors include a pressure sensor.

[0093] 14. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein:

[0094] Each of the at least two sensors is a pressure measurement sensor.

[0095] 15. The apparatus according to 14, wherein:

[0096] The pressure measurement sensor includes an elastic medium layer and a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer located on both sides of the elastic medium layer. A first packaging layer is provided on the side of the first electrode layer away from the elastic medium layer, and a second packaging layer is provided on the side of the second electrode layer away from the elastic medium layer.

[0097] 16. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein:

[0098] Each of the at least two sensors is a pressure switch.

[0099] 17. The apparatus according to claim 16, wherein:

[0100] The pressure switch includes a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer, a support layer is provided between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, a first packaging layer is provided on the side of the first electrode layer away from the support layer, and a second packaging layer is provided on the side of the second electrode layer away from the support layer.

[0101] 18. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein:

[0102] The at least two sensors include both a pressure measurement sensor and a pressure switch, and the pressure measurement sensor and the pressure switch are periodically arranged in the first direction.

[0103] 19. The apparatus according to 18, wherein:

[0104] The pressure measurement sensor and the pressure switch are arranged alternately in the first direction.

[0105] 20. The apparatus according to any one of 1-12, wherein:

[0106] The at least two sensors include a distance sensor.

[0107] 21. The apparatus according to any one of 1-12, wherein:

[0108] The sensor is adapted to be squeezed to generate an electrical signal or a changing electrical signal, and the grouting space around the sensor unit is adapted to be detected based on the electrical signal or the changing electrical signal.

[0109] 22. A method for treating grouting voids, implemented based on the grouting void treatment apparatus according to any one of 1-21, comprising:

[0110] The grouting cavity treatment device is arranged in the space to be grouted;

[0111] Perform a grouting operation on the space to be grouted;

[0112] Obtain the detection results of the sensor unit of the grouting cavity treatment device after one grouting;

[0113] Based on the test results, secondary grouting is performed using the grouting unit of the grouting cavity treatment device.

[0114] 23. The method according to 22, wherein the method is applied to tunnel construction; and

[0115] The step of arranging the grouting cavity treatment device in the space to be grouted includes:

[0116] Geotextile is laid on the initial support surface of the tunnel excavation;

[0117] The grouting cavity treatment device is connected to the geotextile, wherein the extension direction of the grouting cavity treatment device is consistent with the extension direction of the tunnel;

[0118] A waterproof membrane is laid below the grouting cavity treatment device.

[0119] 24. According to the method described in 22, wherein:

[0120] The step of arranging the grouting cavity treatment device in the space to be grouted includes:

[0121] Multiple grouting cavity treatment devices are arranged in parallel within the space to be grouted.

[0122] and:

[0123] The step of performing secondary grouting using the grouting unit of the grouting cavity treatment device based on the detection results includes:

[0124] Based on the detection results of the multiple grouting cavity treatment devices, the location of the cavity is determined; and

[0125] Secondary grouting is performed using the grouting unit of the grouting cavity treatment device corresponding to the location of the cavity.

[0126] 25. According to the method described in 22, wherein:

[0127] The grouting cavity treatment device includes at least two grouting units. The grouting pipe of the first grouting unit is connected to the connecting pipe of the second grouting unit, and the connecting pipe of the first grouting unit is also connected to the grouting pipe of the second grouting unit.

[0128] The step of performing secondary grouting using the grouting unit of the grouting cavity treatment device includes:

[0129] The grout is injected into the connecting pipe of the second grouting unit and flows into the grouting pipe of the first grouting unit to grout around the grouting pipe of the first grouting unit.

[0130] 26. A tunnel, comprising:

[0131] Grouting cavity treatment apparatus according to any one of 1-21;

[0132] The initial support face of the tunnel; and

[0133] Geotextile and waterproof membrane are used. The geotextile is placed on the initial support surface of the tunnel, and a sandwich layer is defined between the geotextile and the waterproof membrane. The grouting void treatment device is arranged in the sandwich layer.

[0134] 27. The tunnel according to 26, wherein:

[0135] The sensor includes an elastic dielectric layer and a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer located on both sides of the elastic dielectric layer. A first packaging layer is provided on the side of the first electrode layer away from the elastic dielectric layer, and a second packaging layer is provided on the side of the second electrode layer away from the elastic dielectric layer. An adhesive layer suitable for adhesion to geotextile or waterproof membrane is provided on one side of the first packaging layer.

[0136] The above are merely embodiments of this disclosure and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Those skilled in the art will understand that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made without departing from the spirit and principles of this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A grouting cavity treatment device, comprising: The sensor unit includes at least two sensors arranged along a first direction, the sensors being adapted to detect grouting voids in the surrounding space; The grouting unit includes at least one grouting pipe disposed around the sensor unit and extending along a first direction. One end of the grouting pipe is provided with a grout inlet suitable for grout inflow, and the pipe wall of the grouting pipe is provided with at least one grouting port suitable for grouting around the grouting pipe. in: The at least one grouting pipe includes two grouting pipes, which are located on both sides of the sensor unit, respectively. An insulating structure is provided between the sensor unit and the grouting pipe; The insulation structure includes a dense first insulation layer and a second insulation layer with holes, wherein the second insulation layer is closer to the grouting pipe than the first insulation layer; The first insulating layer is connected to the sensor unit, the second insulating layer is connected to the first insulating layer, and the grouting pipe is connected to the second insulating layer, so that the sensor unit and the grouting pipe form a whole.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The at least one grouting port extends a certain distance along the first direction.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: The at least one grouting port includes at least two grouting ports arranged along the first direction.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The at least one grouting port is located on the side of the grouting pipe away from the sensor unit.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The axes of the two grouting pipes are located in the same plane as the axis of the sensor unit; and / or The two grouting pipes are connected at their first adjacent ends and are respectively provided with a grout inlet and a grout outlet suitable for grout flow at their second adjacent ends; or the two grouting pipes are not connected at their first adjacent ends and are respectively provided with a grout inlet at their second adjacent ends.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The grouting unit includes a grouting pipe and a connecting pipe on both sides of the sensor unit. The connecting pipe has a sealed wall. The two ends of the grouting pipe and the connecting pipe are respectively provided with a grout inlet suitable for grout inflow and a grout outlet suitable for grout outflow.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: The device includes at least two grouting units, wherein the grouting pipe of the first grouting unit is connected to the connecting pipe of the second grouting unit, and the connecting pipe of the first grouting unit is connected to the grouting pipe of the second grouting unit.

8. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: The axis of the grouting pipe, the axis of the connecting pipe, and the axis of the sensor unit are located in the same plane.

9. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein: The at least two sensors include a pressure sensor.

10. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein: Each of the at least two sensors is a pressure measurement sensor.

11. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein: The pressure measurement sensor includes an elastic medium layer and a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer located on both sides of the elastic medium layer. A first packaging layer is provided on the side of the first electrode layer away from the elastic medium layer, and a second packaging layer is provided on the side of the second electrode layer away from the elastic medium layer.

12. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein: Each of the at least two sensors is a pressure switch.

13. The apparatus according to claim 12, wherein: The pressure switch includes a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer, a support layer is provided between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, a first packaging layer is provided on the side of the first electrode layer away from the support layer, and a second packaging layer is provided on the side of the second electrode layer away from the support layer.

14. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein: The at least two sensors include both a pressure measurement sensor and a pressure switch, and the pressure measurement sensor and the pressure switch are periodically arranged in the first direction.

15. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein: The pressure measurement sensor and the pressure switch are arranged alternately in the first direction.

16. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein: The at least two sensors include a distance sensor.

17. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein: The sensor is adapted to be squeezed to generate an electrical signal or a changing electrical signal, and the grouting space around the sensor unit is adapted to be detected based on the electrical signal or the changing electrical signal.

18. A method for treating grouting voids, implemented based on the grouting void treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1-17, comprising: The grouting cavity treatment device is arranged in the space to be grouted; Perform a grouting operation on the space to be grouted; Obtain the detection results of the sensor unit of the grouting cavity treatment device after one grouting; Based on the test results, secondary grouting is performed using the grouting unit of the grouting cavity treatment device.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein, The method is applied to tunnel construction; as well as The step of arranging the grouting cavity treatment device in the space to be grouted includes: Geotextile is laid on the initial support surface of the tunnel excavation; The grouting cavity treatment device is connected to the geotextile, wherein the extension direction of the grouting cavity treatment device is consistent with the extension direction of the tunnel; A waterproof membrane is laid below the grouting cavity treatment device.

20. The method of claim 18, wherein: The step of arranging the grouting cavity treatment device in the space to be grouted includes: Multiple grouting cavity treatment devices are arranged in parallel within the space to be grouted. and: The step of performing secondary grouting using the grouting unit of the grouting cavity treatment device based on the detection results includes: Based on the detection results of the multiple grouting cavity treatment devices, the location of the cavity is determined; and Secondary grouting is performed using the grouting unit of the grouting cavity treatment device corresponding to the location of the cavity.

21. The method according to claim 18, wherein: The grouting cavity treatment device includes at least two grouting units. The grouting pipe of the first grouting unit is connected to the connecting pipe of the second grouting unit, and the connecting pipe of the first grouting unit is also connected to the grouting pipe of the second grouting unit. The step of performing secondary grouting using the grouting unit of the grouting cavity treatment device includes: The grout is injected into the connecting pipe of the second grouting unit and flows into the grouting pipe of the first grouting unit to grout around the grouting pipe of the first grouting unit.

22. A tunnel, comprising: The grouting cavity treatment device according to any one of claims 1-17; Tunnel initial support face; as well as Geotextile and waterproof membrane are used. The geotextile is placed on the initial support surface of the tunnel, and a sandwich layer is defined between the geotextile and the waterproof membrane. The grouting void treatment device is arranged in the sandwich layer.

23. The tunnel according to claim 22, wherein: The sensor includes an elastic dielectric layer and a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer located on both sides of the elastic dielectric layer. A first packaging layer is provided on the side of the first electrode layer away from the elastic dielectric layer, and a second packaging layer is provided on the side of the second electrode layer away from the elastic dielectric layer. An adhesive layer suitable for adhesion to geotextile or waterproof membrane is provided on one side of the first packaging layer.

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