A solar energy assisted biomass gasification based cold, heat, electricity and ammonia co-production system

Abstract

The present application relates to renewable energy utilization technical field, specifically disclose a kind of based on solar energy auxiliary biomass gasification's cold heat power ammonia cogeneration system, including solar energy auxiliary biomass gasification subsystem, ammonia synthesis subsystem, waste heat recovery subsystem and power generation subsystem, solar energy auxiliary biomass gasification subsystem is mainly used to generate heat energy and nitrogen supply ammonia synthesis subsystem, ammonia synthesis subsystem is used to generate ammonia according to nitrogen and water, power generation subsystem is used to convert direct current into alternating current and according to the flue gas and first mixed gas of ammonia synthesis subsystem output power generation, waste heat recovery subsystem is mainly used to recover the waste heat generated by other three systems, for refrigeration, heating, power generation.The present application is reasonably configured, can give full play to the characteristics of each subsystem, realizes the cascade utilization of bioenergy, improves the utilization of bioenergy, forms the cogeneration system of output electricity, heat, cold and ammonia.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of renewable energy utilization technology, and in particular to a combined cooling, heating, power and ammonia production system based on solar-assisted biomass gasification. Background Technology

[0002] Ammonia is an important raw material used in chemical engineering and modern agriculture. Due to its high energy density, ease of storage and transportation in its liquid state, zero carbon emissions, and high hydrogen content, ammonia is considered a sustainable future energy carrier. Currently, approximately 90% of the world's ammonia is synthesized through the Haber-Bosch ammonia production process, in which hydrogen undergoes a catalytic reaction with nitrogen at high temperatures (400-450℃) and high pressures (15-25 MPa). Secondly, 96% of the hydrogen in the ammonia production process is derived from fossil fuels, thus producing approximately 2.86 tons of carbon dioxide per ton of ammonia produced. Furthermore, the high-pressure compression required for the Haber-Bosch process accounts for 50% of the total investment cost. In addition, each ton of ammonia produces 1.9 to 16.7 tons of carbon dioxide. Therefore, developing a low-energy-consumption, low-carbon dioxide-emission, and high-efficiency ammonia synthesis process is fundamental to realizing the utilization of ammonia as an energy source. To effectively reduce energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions in the ammonia synthesis process, researchers have conducted extensive research on developing novel ammonia production methods. Examples of ammonia synthesis methods include organometallic catalysis, photocatalysis, electrochemical methods, wind-coupled catalysis, and chemical chaining. Electro-ammonia production has achieved a system efficiency exceeding 74%, significantly higher than biomass ammonia production (44%) and methane ammonia production (61%). However, due to limitations in fuel cell stack costs and electricity prices, the electro-ammonia conversion process is currently not economically viable. Furthermore, hydrogen production remains a major challenge in ammonia synthesis, as the contradiction between reaction thermodynamics and kinetics persists. Addressing these existing technological problems, proposing a multi-product system that couples bioenergy-based chemical chaining ammonia production with a combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) system is a pressing issue in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a combined cooling, heating, power and ammonia production system based on solar-assisted biomass gasification. The technical problem it solves is: how to provide a highly economical combined cooling, heating, power and ammonia production system.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a combined cooling, heating, power and ammonia production system based on solar-assisted biomass gasification, including a solar-assisted biomass gasification subsystem, an ammonia synthesis subsystem, a waste heat recovery subsystem and an electron generation system;

[0005] The solar-assisted biomass gasification subsystem comprises a solar collector, a biomass gasifier, a gasification product separator, and a solid oxide fuel cell connected in sequence. The solar collector converts solar energy into heat energy, which is applied to the biomass gasifier. The biomass gasifier, under the action of heat energy, performs a gasification reaction on the input steam, air, and biomass, yielding gasification products that are input into the gasification product separator. The gasification product separator performs gas-solid separation on the input gasification products, and inputs a small portion of the gaseous products into the solid oxide fuel cell, while the majority of the gasification products and solid products are input into the ammonia synthesis subsystem. The solid oxide fuel cell receives a small portion of the gaseous products to generate direct current, nitrogen, and a first flue gas, which are respectively input into the power generation system, the ammonia synthesis subsystem, and the waste heat recovery subsystem.

[0006] The ammonia synthesis subsystem receives most of the gasification products, solid products, and nitrogen, and adds aluminum oxide as a catalyst, water and air, first performing a nitrogen absorption reaction, then a nitrogen release reaction to obtain ammonia, and a first mixed gas including nitrogen and carbon monoxide and hot water are input into the electron generating system, and a second mixed gas mainly composed of carbon dioxide is input into the waste heat recovery subsystem.

[0007] The power generation system uses the input first mixed gas and hot water to generate electricity, producing alternating current, and generates second flue gas which is input into the waste heat recovery subsystem.

[0008] The waste heat recovery subsystem receives the second flue gas, the first flue gas, and the first mixed gas generated during the power generation process of the power generation system, and uses an organic Rankine cycle system to generate alternating current for input into the power generation system, and generates a third flue gas for cooling and heating.

[0009] Specifically, the waste heat recovery subsystem includes an organic Rankine cycle system, a double-effect absorption chiller / heater unit, and a domestic heating device. The second flue gas, the first flue gas, and the first mixed gas are input into the organic Rankine cycle system to obtain alternating current, and the third flue gas is input into the power generation system and the double-effect absorption chiller / heater unit, respectively. The double-effect absorption chiller / heater unit uses the third flue gas for cooling or heating, and obtains a fourth flue gas which is input into the domestic heating device. The domestic heating device uses the fourth flue gas to heat room temperature water.

[0010] Specifically, the ammonia synthesis subsystem includes a nitrogen absorption reaction module, a carbon removal module, and a nitrogen release reaction module. The nitrogen absorption reaction module includes a syngas combustion reactor, an air compressor, a first heat exchanger, a nitrogen absorption reactor, and a first gas-solid separator. The air compressor compresses air into the syngas combustion reactor, which burns most of the gasification products in the air to generate heat that acts on the first heat exchanger. Under the heat generated by the syngas combustion reactor, the first heat exchanger heats the solid products generated by the gasification product separator and the nitrogen and aluminum oxide generated by the solid oxide fuel cell before inputting them into the nitrogen absorption reactor, with only the remaining heat being input into the nitrogen release reaction module. The nitrogen absorption reactor performs a nitrogen absorption reaction, and then the gas-solid mixture is input into the first gas-solid separator for gas-solid separation, resulting in a first mixed gas including nitrogen and carbon monoxide and a first mixed solid including carbon, aluminum nitride, and aluminum oxide, which are respectively input into the power generation system and the carbon removal module.

[0011] The carbon removal module is used to remove carbon from the first mixed solid to obtain a second mixed solid including carbon and aluminum nitride, which is then input into the nitrogen release reaction module.

[0012] The nitrogen release reaction module is used to release nitrogen from aluminum nitride in the second mixed solid to generate ammonia.

[0013] Specifically, the carbon removal module includes a second heat exchanger, a carbon removal reactor, and a second gas-solid separator. The first input end of the second heat exchanger receives the first mixed solids and air obtained from the first gas-solid separator, the second input end of the second heat exchanger receives room temperature water, the first output end of the second heat exchanger outputs the first mixed solids and air to the carbon removal reactor, and the second output end of the second heat exchanger outputs hot water to the nitrogen release reaction module. The carbon removal reactor is used to burn the first mixed solids in air and input the result into the second gas-solid separator. The second gas-solid separator inputs a second mixed gas, including carbon dioxide and residual air components, into the organic Rankine cycle system and inputs the carbon-removed solids, including aluminum nitride and aluminum oxide, into the nitrogen release reaction module.

[0014] Specifically, the nitrogen release reaction module includes a third heat exchanger, a nitrogen release reactor, and a distillation column. The first input end of the third heat exchanger receives the decarbonized solids and the hot water output from the second heat exchanger. The second input end of the third heat exchanger receives the heat energy output from the first heat exchanger. The first output end of the third heat exchanger outputs water vapor and the decarbonized solids to the nitrogen release reactor. The second output end of the third heat exchanger outputs fifth flue gas to the power generation system. The water vapor and the decarbonized solids react in the nitrogen release reactor to obtain a liquid product, which is then input into the distillation column, while a solid product, aluminum oxide, is also obtained. The distillation column distills the liquid product to obtain ammonia.

[0015] Specifically, the nitrogen absorption reaction in the nitrogen absorption reactor is represented by the following chemical reaction formula:

[0016] Al₂O₃ + 3C + N₂ → 2AlN + 3CO

[0017] Wherein, Al2O3 is the chemical formula of aluminum oxide, C is the chemical formula of carbon, N2 is the chemical formula of nitrogen, AlN is the chemical formula of aluminum nitride, and CO is the chemical formula of carbon monoxide.

[0018] The nitrogen release reaction in the nitrogen release reactor is represented by the following chemical reaction formula:

[0019] 2AlN + 3H₂O → Al₂O₃ + 2NH₃

[0020] In this context, H2O is the chemical formula for water, and NH3 is the chemical formula for ammonia.

[0021] Specifically, the power generation system includes a generator and a public power grid. The generator receives hot water output from the third heat exchanger and the first mixed gas to generate alternating current that is input into the public power grid, and inputs the flue gas generated during power generation into the organic Rankine cycle system.

[0022] Specifically, the organic Rankine cycle system includes an evaporator, a micro gas turbine, a condenser, and an organic working fluid pump, wherein the organic working fluid in the organic Rankine cycle system is at least one of F245FA, isopentane, isohexane, toluene, and cyclohexane.

[0023] Specifically, the solar collector provides a temperature of 200°C to the biomass gasifier; the first heat exchanger provides a temperature of 1500°C to 1800°C to the nitrogen absorption reactor; the second heat exchanger provides a temperature of 950°C to the carbon removal reactor; and the third heat exchanger provides a temperature of 800°C to 1000°C to the nitrogen release reactor.

[0024] Specifically, 80% of the gaseous products separated by the gasification product separator are fed into the syngas combustion reactor, and 20% are fed into the solid oxide fuel cell.

[0025] This invention provides a combined cooling, heating, power, and ammonia production system based on solar-assisted biomass gasification, comprising a solar-assisted biomass gasification subsystem, an ammonia synthesis subsystem, a waste heat recovery subsystem, and an electricity generation system. The solar-assisted biomass gasification subsystem is mainly used to generate heat and nitrogen to supply the ammonia synthesis subsystem. The ammonia synthesis subsystem is used to generate ammonia from nitrogen and water. The electricity generation system is used to convert the direct current generated by the solar-assisted biomass gasification subsystem into alternating current and to generate electricity from the flue gas and a first mixed gas output from the ammonia synthesis subsystem. The waste heat recovery subsystem is mainly used to recover the waste heat generated by the other three systems for cooling, heating, and power generation. This invention combines an ammonia synthesis subsystem, a solar-assisted biomass gasification subsystem, a waste heat recovery subsystem, and an electron generation system in a rational configuration. It can fully utilize the characteristics of each subsystem in the combined cooling, heating, power, and ammonia production system, realize the cascade utilization of bioenergy, improve the utilization rate of bioenergy, and form a combined production system that outputs electricity, heat, cooling, and ammonia. It improves the efficiency and stability of the solar-driven biomass gasification combined cooling, heating, power, and ammonia production system, enhances the system's flexibility, reduces carbon emissions from ammonia synthesis, and is suitable for small-scale industrial, commercial, and residential applications. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a combined cooling, heating, power and ammonia production system based on solar-assisted biomass gasification, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Reference numerals: 1-Solar collector, 2-Biomass gasifier, 3-Gasification product separator, 4-Solid oxide fuel cell, 5-Synthesis gas combustion reactor, 6-Air compressor, 7-First heat exchanger, 8-Nitrogen absorption reactor, 9-First gas-solid separator, 10-Second heat exchanger, 11-Carbon removal reactor, 12-Second gas-solid separator, 13-Third heat exchanger, 14-Nitrogen release reactor, 15-Distillation column, 16-Generator, 17-Evaporator, 18-Micro gas turbine, 19-Condenser, 20-Organic working fluid pump, 21-Domestic heating device, 22-Public power grid. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are given for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The accompanying drawings are for reference and illustration only and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of patent protection of the present invention, because many changes can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0029] This invention provides a combined cooling, heating, power, and ammonia production system based on solar-assisted biomass gasification, such as... Figure 1 The structure diagram shows four subsystems: a solar-assisted biomass gasification subsystem, an ammonia synthesis subsystem, a waste heat recovery subsystem, and a power generation subsystem. The solar-assisted biomass gasification subsystem primarily uses solar energy, biomass, and fuel cells to provide heat, nitrogen, and direct current to the other subsystems. The ammonia synthesis subsystem mainly synthesizes ammonia. The power generation subsystem primarily uses direct current, hot water, and a primary mixed gas (mainly carbon monoxide) output from other systems to generate electricity. The waste heat recovery subsystem recovers heat generated by other systems for cooling and heating purposes.

[0030] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the solar-assisted biomass gasification subsystem includes a solar collector 1, a biomass gasifier 2, a gasification product separator 3, and a solid oxide fuel cell 4 connected in sequence. The solar collector 1 converts solar energy into thermal energy, which is applied to the biomass gasifier 2. The biomass gasifier 2 is used to gasify the input steam, air, and biomass under the action of thermal energy, and the gasification products are input into the gasification product separator 3. The gasification product separator 3 separates the input gasification products into gas and solid components, and inputs a small portion of the gaseous products into the solid oxide fuel cell 4. The majority of the gasification products (80%) and the solid products are input into the ammonia synthesis subsystem. The solid oxide fuel cell 4 receives a small portion of the gaseous products (20%) to generate direct current, nitrogen, and the first flue gas, which are respectively input into the power generation system, the ammonia synthesis subsystem, and the waste heat recovery subsystem. The ammonia synthesis subsystem receives most of the gasification products, solid products, and nitrogen, and adds aluminum oxide as a catalyst, water and air, first carrying out a nitrogen absorption reaction, then a nitrogen release reaction to obtain ammonia, and the first mixed gas including nitrogen and carbon monoxide and hot water are input into the electron generation system, and the second mixed gas mainly composed of carbon dioxide is input into the waste heat recovery subsystem.

[0031] The power generation system uses the input first mixed gas and hot water to generate electricity, producing alternating current, and the second flue gas is input into the waste heat recovery subsystem;

[0032] The waste heat recovery subsystem receives the second flue gas, the first flue gas, and the first mixed gas generated during the power generation process of the power generation system, and uses the organic Rankine cycle system to generate alternating current for input into the power generation system, as well as generate a third flue gas for cooling and heating.

[0033] More specifically, such as Figure 1As shown, the waste heat recovery subsystem includes an organic Rankine cycle system, a double-effect absorption chiller / heater unit, and a domestic heating device 21. The second flue gas, the first flue gas, and the first mixed gas are input into the organic Rankine cycle system to obtain alternating current, and the third flue gas is input into the power generation system and the double-effect absorption chiller / heater unit, respectively. The double-effect absorption chiller / heater unit uses the third flue gas for cooling or heating, and the resulting fourth flue gas is input into the domestic heating device 21. The domestic heating device 21 uses the fourth flue gas to heat room temperature water.

[0034] More specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the ammonia synthesis subsystem includes a nitrogen absorption reaction module, a carbon removal module, and a nitrogen release reaction module. The nitrogen absorption reaction module includes a syngas combustion reactor 5, an air compressor 6, a first heat exchanger 7, a nitrogen absorption reactor 8, and a first gas-solid separator 9. The air compressor 6 compresses air into the syngas combustion reactor 5, where most of the gasification products are burned in the air to generate heat energy that acts on the first heat exchanger 7. Under the heat energy generated by the syngas combustion reactor 5, the first heat exchanger 7 heats the solid products generated by the gasification product separator 3 and the nitrogen and aluminum oxide generated by the solid oxide fuel cell 4, and then inputs them into the nitrogen absorption reactor 8, inputting only the remaining heat energy into the nitrogen release reaction module. The nitrogen absorption reactor 8 performs a nitrogen absorption reaction, and then inputs the gas-solid mixture into the first gas-solid separator 9 for gas-solid separation, obtaining a first mixed gas including nitrogen and carbon monoxide and a first mixed solid including carbon, aluminum nitride, and aluminum oxide, which are respectively input into the power generation system and the carbon removal module.

[0035] The carbon removal module is used to remove carbon from the first mixed solid to obtain a second mixed solid including carbon and aluminum nitride, which is then input into the nitrogen release reaction module.

[0036] The nitrogen release reaction module is used to release nitrogen from aluminum nitride in the second mixed solid to generate ammonia.

[0037] The carbon removal module includes a second heat exchanger 10, a carbon removal reactor 11, and a second gas-solid separator 12. The first input end of the second heat exchanger 10 receives the first mixed solids and air obtained from the first gas-solid separator 9. The second input end of the second heat exchanger 10 receives room temperature water. The first output end of the second heat exchanger 10 outputs the first mixed solids and air to the carbon removal reactor 11. The second output end of the second heat exchanger 10 outputs hot water to the nitrogen release reaction module. The carbon removal reactor 11 is used to burn the first mixed solids in air and input the result into the second gas-solid separator 12. The second gas-solid separator 12 inputs a second mixed gas, including carbon dioxide and residual air components, into the organic Rankine cycle system and inputs the carbon-removed solids, including aluminum nitride and aluminum oxide, into the nitrogen release reaction module.

[0038] The nitrogen release reaction module includes a third heat exchanger 13, a nitrogen release reactor 14, and a distillation column 15. The first input end of the third heat exchanger 13 receives decarbonized solids and hot water output from the second heat exchanger 10. The second input end of the third heat exchanger 13 receives heat energy output from the first heat exchanger 7. The first output end of the third heat exchanger 13 outputs water vapor and decarbonized solids to the nitrogen release reactor 14. The second output end of the third heat exchanger 13 outputs fifth flue gas to the power generation system. The water vapor and decarbonized solids react in the nitrogen release reactor 14 to obtain a liquid product, which is then input into the distillation column 15. At the same time, a solid product, aluminum oxide, is obtained (the generated aluminum oxide can be recycled by re-entering the nitrogen absorption reactor 8). The distillation column 15 distills the liquid product to obtain ammonia.

[0039] The nitrogen absorption reaction in nitrogen absorption reactor 8 is represented by the following chemical reaction formula:

[0040] Al₂O₃ + 3C + N₂ → 2AlN + 3CO

[0041] Wherein, Al2O3 is the chemical formula of aluminum oxide, C is the chemical formula of carbon, N2 is the chemical formula of nitrogen, AlN is the chemical formula of aluminum nitride, and CO is the chemical formula of carbon monoxide.

[0042] The nitrogen release reaction in nitrogen release reactor 14 is represented by the following chemical reaction formula:

[0043] 2AlN + 3H₂O → Al₂O₃ + 2NH₃

[0044] In this context, H2O is the chemical formula for water, and NH3 is the chemical formula for ammonia.

[0045] More specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the power generation system includes a generator 16 and a public power grid 22. The generator 16 receives hot water and a first mixed gas output from the third heat exchanger 13 to generate alternating current that is input into the public power grid 22, and inputs the flue gas generated during power generation into the organic Rankine cycle system.

[0046] The heat absorber of solar collector 1 is a thin metal plate with a heat transfer fluid flow channel.

[0047] The organic Rankine cycle system includes an evaporator 17, a micro gas turbine 18, a condenser 19, and an organic working fluid pump 20. The organic working fluid in the organic Rankine cycle system is at least one selected from F245FA, isopentane, isohexane, toluene, and cyclohexane. A hot circulating water regulating valve is installed at the circulating water inlet of the evaporator 17 in the organic Rankine cycle system.

[0048] The double-effect absorption refrigeration / heating unit consists of components such as a high-pressure generator, a low-pressure generator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, and a solution pump. The evaporator, absorption pump, and generator pump are shell-and-tube structures, while the solution pump is a shielded, self-lubricating, sealed electric pump.

[0049] The domestic heating unit 21 is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger with an internal spray structure. Furthermore, the flue gas temperature, after passing through the double-effect absorption chiller / heater unit, is below 100 degrees Celsius, and ultimately enters the domestic heating unit 21 to produce domestic hot water at approximately 32 degrees Celsius. The air compressor 6 consists of a cylinder, piston, intake and exhaust valves, sealing rings, piston rod, oil pump, filter, oil filter, pressure gauge, cooling water pipes, intercooler, cooler, and pressure reducing valve.

[0050] The solar collector 1 provides a temperature of 200℃ to the biomass gasifier 2; the first heat exchanger 7 provides a temperature of 1500℃~1800℃ to the nitrogen absorption reactor 8; the second heat exchanger 10 provides a temperature of 950℃ to the carbon removal reactor 11; and the third heat exchanger 13 provides a temperature of 800℃~1000℃ to the nitrogen release reactor 14.

[0051] The aforementioned solar-assisted biomass gasification combined cooling, heating, power, and ammonia production system achieves power generation, heating, cooling, and ammonia synthesis through the following operating mode:

[0052] 1. Under solar energy input conditions, solar collector 1 releases heat to the biomass gasifier. The biomass begins to crack at around 200 degrees Celsius and undergoes a gasification reaction at around 700 degrees Celsius to produce syngas and solid carbon. Approximately 80% of the syngas enters the combustion chamber to supply the high temperature required for the ammonia synthesis subsystem, providing temperatures of 1500 and 1000 degrees Celsius to the nitrogen absorption reactor 8 and nitrogen release reactor 14, respectively. The remaining syngas enters the solid oxide fuel cell 4 to generate electricity and release high-concentration nitrogen, which serves as the feedstock for the ammonia synthesis subsystem. Additionally, alumina and solid carbon produced by the biomass gasifier are introduced into the ammonia synthesis subsystem. After passing through the nitrogen absorption reactor 8, the first gas-solid separator 9, the second heat exchanger 10, the carbon removal reactor 11, the second gas-solid separator 12, the third heat exchanger 13, the nitrogen release reactor 14, and the distillation tower 15, ammonia is produced.

[0053] 2. The flue gas, after providing the energy required for the reaction of the ammonia synthesis subsystem, enters the generator 16 to generate electricity. The flue gas enters the organic Rankine cycle system for preheating and power generation. The DC power generated by the solid oxide fuel cell 4 is converted into AC power by the inverter. The power generated by the above three parts is connected to the public power grid 22.

[0054] After being used for waste heat power generation, the flue gas enters a double-effect lithium bromide absorption chiller unit. In hot summer weather, the double-effect absorption chiller / heater unit can achieve cooling by opening and closing internal valves; in cold winter weather, the lithium bromide unit can achieve heating by opening and closing internal valves. Furthermore, the flue gas temperature after passing through the heating / heating unit is below 100 degrees Celsius, and it ultimately enters the domestic hot water system to produce 32-degree Celsius domestic hot water.

[0055] In summary, the present invention provides a combined cooling, heating, power and ammonia production system based on solar-assisted biomass gasification, comprising a solar-assisted biomass gasification subsystem, an ammonia synthesis subsystem, a waste heat recovery subsystem, and an electricity generation system. The solar-assisted biomass gasification subsystem is mainly used to generate heat and nitrogen to supply the ammonia synthesis subsystem. The ammonia synthesis subsystem is used to generate ammonia from nitrogen and water. The electricity generation system is used to convert the direct current generated by the solar-assisted biomass gasification subsystem into alternating current and to generate electricity from the flue gas and the first mixed gas output by the ammonia synthesis subsystem. The waste heat recovery subsystem is mainly used to recover the waste heat generated by the other three systems for cooling, heating, and power generation. This invention combines an ammonia synthesis subsystem, a solar-assisted biomass gasification subsystem, a waste heat recovery subsystem, and an electron generation system in a rational configuration. It can fully utilize the characteristics of each subsystem in the combined cooling, heating, power, and ammonia production system, realize the cascade utilization of bioenergy, improve the utilization rate of bioenergy, and form a combined production system that outputs electricity, heat, cooling, and ammonia. It improves the efficiency and stability of the solar-driven biomass gasification combined cooling, heating, power, and ammonia production system, enhances the system's flexibility, reduces carbon emissions from ammonia synthesis, and is suitable for small-scale industrial, commercial, and residential applications.

[0056] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined cooling, heating, power, and ammonia production system based on solar-assisted biomass gasification, characterized in that, It includes a solar-assisted biomass gasification subsystem, an ammonia synthesis subsystem, a waste heat recovery subsystem, and an electron generation system; The solar-assisted biomass gasification subsystem includes a solar collector (1), a biomass gasifier (2), a gasification product separator (3), and a solid oxide fuel cell (4) connected in sequence. The solar collector (1) converts solar energy into thermal energy, which is applied to the biomass gasifier (2). The biomass gasifier (2) is used to gasify the input steam, air, and biomass under the action of thermal energy, and the gasification products are input into the gasification product separator (3). The gasification product separator (3) separates the input gasification products into gas and solid components, and inputs a small portion of the gaseous products into the solid oxide fuel cell (4), while the majority of the gasification products and solid products are input into the ammonia synthesis subsystem. The solid oxide fuel cell (4) receives a small portion of the gaseous products to generate direct current, nitrogen, and first flue gas, which are respectively input into the power generation system, the ammonia synthesis subsystem, and the waste heat recovery subsystem. The ammonia synthesis subsystem receives most of the gasification products, solid products, and nitrogen, and adds aluminum oxide as a catalyst, water and air, first performing a nitrogen absorption reaction, then a nitrogen release reaction to obtain ammonia, and the resulting first mixed gas including nitrogen and carbon monoxide is input into the electron generating system, and the resulting second mixed gas mainly composed of carbon dioxide is input into the waste heat recovery subsystem. The power generation system uses the input first mixed gas to generate electricity, producing alternating current, and generates second flue gas which is then input into the waste heat recovery subsystem. The waste heat recovery subsystem receives the second flue gas, the first flue gas, and the first mixed gas generated during the power generation process of the power generation system, and uses an organic Rankine cycle system to generate alternating current for input into the power generation system, and generates a third flue gas for cooling and heating. The waste heat recovery subsystem includes an organic Rankine cycle system, a double-effect absorption cooling / heating unit, and a domestic heating device (21). The second flue gas, the first flue gas, and the first mixed gas are input into the organic Rankine cycle system to obtain alternating current, and the third flue gas is input into the power generation system and the double-effect absorption cooling / heating unit, respectively. The double-effect absorption cooling / heating unit uses the third flue gas for cooling or heating and obtains a fourth flue gas, which is input into the domestic heating device (21). The domestic heating device (21) uses the fourth flue gas to heat room temperature water. The ammonia synthesis subsystem includes a nitrogen absorption reaction module, a carbon removal module, and a nitrogen release reaction module; the nitrogen absorption reaction module includes a syngas combustion reactor (5), an air compressor (6), a first heat exchanger (7), a nitrogen absorption reactor (8), and a first gas-solid separator (9); the air compressor (6) compresses air into the syngas combustion reactor (5), and the syngas combustion reactor (5) burns most of the gasification products in the air to generate heat energy that acts on the first heat exchanger (7), and the first heat exchanger (7) is located within the syngas combustion reactor (5). The solid products generated by the gasification product separator (3) and the nitrogen and aluminum oxide generated by the solid oxide fuel cell (4) are heated by the heat energy generated and then fed into the nitrogen absorption reactor (8). Only the remaining heat energy is fed into the nitrogen release reaction module. The nitrogen absorption reactor (8) performs a nitrogen absorption reaction and then feeds the gas-solid mixture into the first gas-solid separator (9) for gas-solid separation. The first mixed gas including nitrogen and carbon monoxide and the first mixed solid including carbon, aluminum nitride and aluminum oxide are fed into the power generation system and the carbon removal module, respectively. The carbon removal module is used to remove carbon from the first mixed solid to obtain a second mixed solid including aluminum oxide and aluminum nitride, which is then input into the nitrogen release reaction module. The nitrogen release reaction module is used to release nitrogen from aluminum nitride in the second mixed solid to generate ammonia gas. The carbon removal module includes a second heat exchanger (10), a carbon removal reactor (11), and a second gas-solid separator (12). The first input end of the second heat exchanger (10) receives the first mixed solid and air obtained from the first gas-solid separator (9), the second input end of the second heat exchanger (10) receives room temperature water, the first output end of the second heat exchanger (10) outputs the first mixed solid and air to the carbon removal reactor (11), and the second output end of the second heat exchanger (10) outputs hot water to the nitrogen release reaction module. The carbon removal reactor (11) is used to burn the first mixed solid under air and input the result into the second gas-solid separator (12). The second gas-solid separator (12) inputs a second mixed gas including carbon dioxide and residual air components into the organic Rankine cycle system and inputs the carbon removal solid including aluminum nitride and aluminum oxide into the nitrogen release reaction module. The nitrogen release reaction module includes a third heat exchanger (13), a nitrogen release reactor (14), and a distillation column (15). The first input end of the third heat exchanger (13) receives the decarbonized solids and the hot water output from the second heat exchanger (10). The second input end of the third heat exchanger (13) receives the heat energy output from the first heat exchanger (7). The first output end of the third heat exchanger (13) outputs water vapor and the decarbonized solids to the nitrogen release reactor (14). The second output end of the third heat exchanger (13) outputs fifth flue gas to the power generation system. The water vapor and the decarbonized solids react in the nitrogen release reactor (14) to obtain a liquid product, which is then input into the distillation column (15). At the same time, a solid product, aluminum oxide, is obtained. The distillation column (15) distills the liquid product to obtain ammonia.

2. The combined cooling, heating, power, and ammonia production system based on solar-assisted biomass gasification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nitrogen absorption reaction in the nitrogen absorption reactor (8) is represented by the following chemical reaction formula: ， in, The chemical formula for aluminum oxide is... The chemical formula for carbon is... The chemical formula for nitrogen gas is... The chemical formula for aluminum nitride is... The chemical formula for carbon monoxide; The nitrogen release reaction in the nitrogen release reactor (14) is represented by the following chemical reaction formula: ， in, The chemical formula for water. This is the chemical formula for ammonia.

3. A combined cooling, heating, power, and ammonia production system based on solar-assisted biomass gasification according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The power generation system includes a generator (16) and a public power grid (22). The generator (16) receives hot water output from the third heat exchanger (13) and the first mixed gas to generate alternating current input to the public power grid (22), and inputs the flue gas generated during power generation into the organic Rankine cycle system.

4. A combined cooling, heating, power, and ammonia production system based on solar-assisted biomass gasification according to claim 3, characterized in that: The organic Rankine cycle system includes an evaporator (17), a micro gas turbine (18), a condenser (19), and an organic working fluid pump (20).

5. A combined cooling, heating, power, and ammonia production system based on solar-assisted biomass gasification according to claim 4, characterized in that: The solar collector (1) provides a temperature of 200°C to the biomass gasifier (2); the first heat exchanger (7) provides a temperature of 1500°C to 1800°C to the nitrogen absorption reactor (8); the second heat exchanger (10) provides a temperature of 950°C to the carbon removal reactor (11); and the third heat exchanger (13) provides a temperature of 800°C to 1000°C to the nitrogen release reactor (14).

6. A combined cooling, heating, power, and ammonia production system based on solar-assisted biomass gasification according to claim 4, characterized in that: 80% of the gaseous products separated by the gasification product separator (3) are fed into the syngas combustion reactor (5), and 20% are fed into the solid oxide fuel cell (4).

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