Snow layer densification construction device and construction method for polar ice and snow airport construction

Abstract

The application relates to a snow layer densification construction device and method for polar ice and snow airport construction, which comprises a fixing plate used for fixed connection with the front advancing end of a vehicle body, a traction assembly comprising a traction driving element and traction ropes, the traction driving element being fixedly installed on the fixing plate, and the traction driving element driving the traction ropes to be retracted and released, a multifunctional shell comprising a bottom plate, side plates and side baffles, the bottom plate, the side plates and the side baffles being jointly enclosed into a shell and being fixedly connected with each other, one end of the side plate away from the bottom plate being fixedly connected with multiple groups of the traction ropes, and the bottom plate being provided with multiple groups of snow holes, a crushing assembly being fixedly installed between the opposite side baffles of the multifunctional shell, and the construction device having a crushing state, a flattening state and a compacting state. The application effectively guarantees the densification strength of the snow layer and the flatness of the snow layer surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of polar airport runway construction, and in particular to a snow compaction construction device and method for the construction of polar ice and snow airports. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the construction of polar ice and snow airports plays a vital role in scientific research in polar regions. These airports facilitate research and scientific expeditions to polar areas, including studies on climate change and geological exploration. Among the key aspects of polar ice and snow airport construction, the development of crucial ground transportation infrastructure such as runways and road surfaces is particularly important.

[0003] In the construction of polar ice and snow airports, runways are usually built by compacting the snow layer, making the snow layer compaction process crucial.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, when performing snow compaction, if the snow layer surface thickness varies significantly, applying the same pressure will still result in an uneven surface after compaction; conversely, applying different pressures may lead to variations in the strength of the compacted snow layer. Therefore, the uneven snow layer surface results in uneven distribution of both the compacted snow layer surface and its strength. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues of uneven snow surface leading to uneven distribution of snow density and strength after compaction, this application provides a snow compaction construction device and method for the construction of polar ice and snow airports.

[0006] First aspect

[0007] This application provides a snow compaction construction device for the construction of polar ice and snow airports, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A snow compaction construction device for the construction of polar ice and snow airports, comprising:

[0009] A fixing plate, which is used to fix the vehicle body to the front end;

[0010] A traction assembly, comprising a traction drive component and a traction rope, wherein the traction drive component is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate and drives the traction rope to extend and retract.

[0011] A multifunctional housing, comprising a bottom plate, side plates, and side baffles, wherein the bottom plate, side plates, and side baffles together form a housing and are fixedly connected to each other, wherein the end of the side plate away from the bottom plate is fixedly connected to multiple sets of traction ropes, and the bottom plate has multiple sets of snow outlet holes;

[0012] A crushing assembly, which is fixedly installed between opposing side baffles of the multifunctional housing;

[0013] When the traction assembly drives the multi-functional housing to rotate, causing the side plate to come into contact with the snow surface, the construction device is in a crushing state.

[0014] When the traction component drives the multi-functional housing to rotate so that the base plate comes into contact with the snow surface, the construction device is in a flattened state.

[0015] When the traction assembly causes the multifunctional housing to move up and down, the construction device is in a compacted state.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, adjusting the traction component to position the multi-functional shell in different states can improve the overall snow compaction effect, effectively ensuring the uniformity of snow compaction strength and the smoothness of the snow surface. During the pulverization process, the side plates of the multi-functional shell can be tilted at different angles by adjusting the length of the traction rope, thereby achieving snow pulverization at different depths. During the compaction process, the pressure value of the snow layer can be adjusted by setting the lifting height of the multi-functional shell, thereby improving the smoothness of the snow surface and the uniformity of the snow compaction strength.

[0017] Optionally, it includes a limiting rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the fixing plate and the other end of which is rotatably connected to the side baffle of the multifunctional housing; and a limiting member, through which the limiting rod and the side baffle are detachably connected.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the combination of the limiting rod and the limiting component effectively restricts the lifting of the multi-functional shell under the action of uneven snow surface during both the crushing and flattening states. Simultaneously, compared to the flexible connection of the traction rope, the limiting rod bears a portion of the weight of the multi-functional shell, thus improving the efficiency of adjusting its rotation. During the compaction state, removing the limiting component allows the multi-functional shell to be lifted, facilitating subsequent pressing work.

[0019] Optionally, a limiting hook is provided at one end of the limiting rod near the side baffle, and a limiting strip is provided at the side baffle. In the compacted state, the extension direction of the limiting strip is consistent with the axial direction of the limiting rod. There are two limiting strips, and a limiting groove is formed between the two limiting strips. The limiting hook is slidably connected to the limiting strip.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the limiting rod, limiting hook, and limiting groove enable the multi-functional shell to move vertically during compaction. This ensures the multi-functional shell moves in a defined direction, reducing the possibility of swaying; and it also allows the shell to effectively utilize its gravity to compact the snow layer.

[0021] Optionally, one of the side plates, which is used to contact the snow layer when flattened, has a snow inlet hole.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the side plate that contacts the snow layer in the flattened state has snow inlet holes, allowing snow to further enter the interior of the multi-functional shell. When the flattened height is taken as the surface where the bottom plate of the multi-functional shell is located, snow above this surface enters the interior of the multi-functional shell through the snow inlet holes, and is further crushed by the crushing component. It then falls out through the snow outlet holes of the bottom plate to fill the low-lying areas of the snow layer, ultimately effectively ensuring the flatness of the snow surface, thus facilitating subsequent compaction.

[0023] Optionally, the pulverizing assembly includes a pulverizing drive component installed on the side of the side baffle away from the interior of the multifunctional housing; a rotating roller, the output end of which is fixedly connected to the rotating roller, which is located between the two side baffles of the multifunctional housing; and a pulverizing section fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the rotating roller.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the combination of rotating rollers and a crushing section can enhance the snow crushing effect. The rapid rotation of the rotating rollers can effectively break up large snow blocks. During the process of snow impacting the crushing section, the splashed snow blocks also collide with each other, thereby improving the final crushing effect.

[0025] Optionally, the pulverizing section includes pulverizing rods, which are arranged in multiple sets and distributed in a circumferential array on the peripheral sidewall of the rotating roller, with the pulverizing rods of two adjacent pulverizing components being staggered.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the distribution and staggered arrangement of the pulverizing rods can further improve the snow pulverization effect. When snow blocks enter the staggered junction of the pulverizing rods of the two corresponding rotating rollers, the small gap at this point allows the snow to be further dispersed into fine particles.

[0027] Optionally, the rotating rollers of two adjacent crushing components rotate in opposite directions.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the relative counter-rotation of the rotating rollers of two adjacent crushing components can improve the snow-powdering efficiency of the construction device, and can complete the crushing of a large number of snow blocks in a short time.

[0029] Optionally, the cross-sectional shape of the multifunctional shell after the side plate and the bottom plate are together is an isosceles trapezoid.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, the isosceles trapezoid shape improves the efficiency of snow shoveling into the multi-functional housing during powdery snow conditions. The flat lower base of the isosceles trapezoid also helps determine the leveling height, thereby improving the leveling effect. Simultaneously, the axisymmetric shape of the isosceles trapezoid makes adjusting the traction component easier and the entire device more stable, reducing swaying of the construction equipment due to eccentricity.

[0031] Optionally, the cross-sectional shape of the multifunctional shell after the side plate and the bottom plate are together is semi-elliptical.

[0032] By adopting the above technical solution, the semi-elliptical cross-sectional shape of the multifunctional shell can further improve the compaction effect. According to the pressure calculation formula, the contact between the multifunctional shell and the snow layer line can increase the pressure of the multifunctional shell on the snow layer at that point, thereby improving the compaction strength of the snow layer.

[0033] Second aspect

[0034] This application provides a snow compaction construction method for the construction of polar ice and snow airports, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0035] A snow compaction construction method for polar ice and snow airport construction includes the following steps:

[0036] Snow compaction: By adjusting the traction component, the snow compaction construction device is put into a crushing state. Under the forward movement of the vehicle, the side plate of the multi-functional housing comes into contact with the snow layer. After the snow layer enters the interior of the multi-functional housing, the crushing component is activated to crush large pieces of snow, and finally the snow is discharged from the snow outlet.

[0037] Snow layer flattening: By adjusting the traction component, the snow layer compaction construction device is in a flattening state. Under the forward movement of the vehicle, the bottom plate of the multi-functional shell comes into contact with the snow layer. By adjusting the traction component, the position of the bottom plate is set, and the bottom plate is used to flatten the snow.

[0038] Snow compaction: The snow compaction construction device is brought into a compaction state by adjusting the traction component, then the multi-functional shell is lifted by the traction component, and finally the traction rope is loosened so that the multi-functional shell can compact the snow layer.

[0039] By adopting the above technical solution, after the snow layer has undergone three steps of crushing, leveling and compaction, the surface of the snow layer can be made more uniform and the strength of the snow layer in different places can be kept consistent after compaction, which is convenient for the operation of the airport in ice and snow.

[0040] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0041] 1. By adjusting the traction components to put the multi-functional shell into a crushing, flattening, or compacting state, the overall snow layer densification effect can be improved, effectively ensuring the uniformity of the snow layer's densification strength and the smoothness of the snow layer surface.

[0042] 2. The limiting rod, limiting component, and limiting groove can bear part of the weight of the multi-functional housing, improving the adjustment and rotation efficiency of the multi-functional housing and ensuring smooth operation in different states;

[0043] 3. The crushing component ensures the efficiency and quality of snow pulverization in the snow layer, thereby further guaranteeing the subsequent leveling and compaction effects. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the snow compaction construction device of Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0045] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section at point AA;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the crushed state structure of the snow compaction construction device of Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the flattened state structure of the snow compaction construction device of Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the compaction state structure of the snow layer densification construction device of Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0049] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the snow compaction construction device of Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0050] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Fixing plate; 2. Traction assembly; 21. Traction drive component; 22. Traction rope; 3. Multifunctional housing; 31. Base plate; 311. Snow outlet hole; 32. Side plate; 321. Snow inlet hole; 33. Side baffle; 4. Crushing assembly; 41. Crushing drive component; 42. Rotating roller; 43. Crushing section; 431. Crushing rod; 5. Limiting rod; 51. Limiting hook; 6. Limiting component; 7. Connecting shaft; 8. Limiting strip; 9. Limiting groove. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-6 This application will be described in further detail.

[0052] First aspect

[0053] This application discloses a snow compaction construction device for the construction of polar ice and snow airports.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A snow compaction construction device for polar ice and snow airport construction includes a fixed plate 1, a traction component 2, a multi-functional housing 3, a crushing component 4, a limiting rod 5, and a limiting member 6. The fixed plate 1 is used for fixed connection to the forward end of the vehicle body. The traction component 2 is fixedly installed on the fixed plate 1, and the output end of the traction component 2 is connected to the multi-functional housing 3. The crushing component 4 is installed inside the multi-functional housing 3. One end of the limiting rod 5 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 1, and the other end is connected to the outer wall of the multi-functional housing 3. The limiting member 6 is detachably connected to the limiting rod 5 and the multi-functional housing 3.

[0056] Meanwhile, a snow compaction construction device for the construction of polar ice and snow airports includes three states based on the adjustment and transformation of the above structure: crushing state, flattening state, and compaction state.

[0057] Reference Figure 1 The traction assembly 2 includes a traction drive component 21 and a traction rope 22. The traction drive component 21 is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate 1. The traction drive component 21 can be a winch, which drives the traction rope 22 to wind up and down. By rotating the traction drive component 21 to wind up and down the rope, the tilt angle of the multi-functional housing 3 can be adjusted so that the multi-functional housing 3 is in different working states.

[0058] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The multifunctional housing 3 includes a base plate 31, side plates 32, and side baffles 33. The base plate 31, side plates 32, and side baffles 33 together form the housing and are fixedly connected to each other. Specifically, in this embodiment, one base plate 31 is fixedly connected to two side plates 32 and two side baffles 33, with the two side plates 32 and two side baffles 33 corresponding in position. The fixed connection can be achieved through integral molding, welding, or other methods. To ensure effectiveness in different working states, the multifunctional housing 3 can be made of steel plate, utilizing the weight of the steel plate to improve the compaction of the snow layer.

[0059] The cross-sectional shape of the multifunctional shell 3, after being enclosed by the side plate 32 and the bottom plate 31, is an isosceles trapezoid (combined with...). Figure 2 The isosceles trapezoid's axisymmetric shape makes it easier to adjust the traction component 2, and also makes the entire device more stable, reducing the possibility of the construction device shaking due to eccentricity.

[0060] The end of the side plate 32 furthest from the bottom plate 31 is fixedly connected to multiple sets of traction ropes 22. In this embodiment, both ends of the side plate 32 furthest from the bottom plate 31 are connected to the traction drive component 21 via traction ropes 22. The bottom plate 31 has multiple sets of snow outlet holes 311. The side plate 32 used to contact the snow layer in the flattened state has a snow inlet hole 321, which is also present in other working states.

[0061] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 When the traction component 2 drives the multi-functional housing 3 to rotate, causing the side plate 32 to contact the snow surface, the construction device is in a crushing state. At this time, driven by the vehicle's forward movement, the construction device shovels snow through the side plate 32, allowing the snow to enter the interior of the multi-functional housing 3. After the snow blocks are crushed by the crushing component 4, they finally fall out from the snow outlet 311 of the bottom plate 31. This step effectively crushes the snow blocks, facilitating subsequent snow compaction. However, this step only crushes snow in different locations; the snow on the entire snowfield remains uneven in height.

[0062] Understandably, for snow layers of varying depths, the tilt of the multi-functional housing 3 can be adjusted by extending and retracting the traction rope 22 of the traction component 2, thereby enabling the crushing of snow layers of different depths.

[0063] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 When the traction component 2 drives the multi-functional housing 3 to rotate, causing the base plate 31 to contact the snow surface, the construction device is in a leveling state. At this time, the construction device, driven by the vehicle's forward movement, levels the snow layer through the base plate 31. When the snow surface is high, snow enters the multi-functional housing 3 through the snow inlet 321 of the side plate 32 for temporary storage, and is then crushed and broken up again by the crushing component 4. When the snow surface is low, the snow temporarily stored inside the multi-functional housing 3 falls out through the snow outlet 311 to fill the low-lying snow areas. Finally, the leveling of the entire snow layer is completed by using snow from higher areas to fill the lower areas.

[0064] Understandably, the height of the plane at which the base plate 31 is located when the snow is flattened determines the final height of the flattened surface. Therefore, the height of the base plate 31 of the multi-functional housing 3 can be adjusted to regulate different snow surface heights according to the actual situation.

[0065] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5When the traction component 2 moves the multi-functional housing 3 up and down, the construction device is in a compaction state. In this embodiment, when the traction component 2 is in the compaction state, the tilted state of the multi-functional housing 3 continues to the flattened state. Compaction is achieved using the base plate 31. The traction component 2 lifts the multi-functional housing 3 to a certain height, then releases the traction rope 22, causing the multi-functional housing 3 to fall and impact the snow layer. Through repeated impacts, the snow layer is compressed to the designed strength.

[0066] Understandably, the multi-functional shell 3 is used to achieve compaction during the compaction process. Therefore, in actual construction sites, the height of the multi-functional shell 3 can be adjusted according to specific requirements to adjust the magnitude of different pressures and ensure the uniformity of the strength of the snow layer after compaction.

[0067] In addition, since the base plate 31 has a snow outlet 311, some snow may enter the interior of the multi-functional housing 3 during the initial compaction of the snow layer. At this time, the crushing component 4 can be activated to generate a certain vibration. During the next lifting, the snow can fall out of the snow outlet 311 under the action of vibration. Repeated lifting and falling can effectively compact the snow layer.

[0068] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The crushing component 4 includes a crushing drive 41, a rotating roller 42, and a crushing section 43, the crushing section 43 including crushing rods 431. The crushing drive 41 is installed on the side of the side baffle 33 away from the interior of the multifunctional housing 3, and the crushing drive 41 can be a rotary motor. The output end of the crushing drive 41 is rotatably connected to the rotating roller 42, which is located between the two side baffles 33 of the multifunctional housing 3. The crushing rods 431 of the crushing section 43 are fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the rotating roller 42. Multiple sets of crushing rods 431 are arranged in a circumferential array on the peripheral side wall of the rotating roller 42. The crushing rods 431 of two adjacent crushing components 4 are staggered, and the rotating rollers 42 of two adjacent crushing components 4 rotate in opposite directions.

[0069] During the crushing process, when snow blocks enter the misaligned junction of the crushing rods 431 of the two corresponding rotating rollers 42, the small gap at this point allows the snow blocks to fall out through the narrow gap under the pressure of the rotating rollers 42 and the crushing rods 431, thereby improving the snow crushing effect and further dispersing the snow into fine particles. The relative counter-rotation of the rotating rollers 42 of the two adjacent crushing components allows the snow blocks to be further drawn into the misaligned junction of the two adjacent crushing components 4 by the crushing rods 431, improving the snow crushing efficiency of the construction device and enabling the crushing of a large number of snow blocks to be completed in a short time.

[0070] In an alternative embodiment, the crushing section 43 may also be a spiral blade, with the spiral blades on two adjacent rotating rollers 42 being staggered.

[0071] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5 One end of the limiting rod 5 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 1, and the other end is rotatably connected to the side baffle 33 of the multifunctional housing 3. In this embodiment, a limiting hook 51 is provided at the end of the limiting rod 5 near the side baffle 33, and a connecting shaft 7 is fixed on the side baffle 33, which is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft 7 through the limiting hook 51. The limiting rod 5 and the side baffle 33 are detachably connected by a limiting member 6, which can be a bolt. When the construction device is in the crushing and flattening state, the appropriate angle is first adjusted by the traction component 2. During the adjustment process, since the limiting rod 5 provides a certain support to the multifunctional housing 3, the angle adjustment is more convenient and stable. After adjusting the determined angle, the relative position of the limiting rod 5 and the side plate 32 is fixed by the limiting member 6 to prevent the multifunctional housing 3 from moving or rotating towards or away from the fixed plate 1 during operation.

[0072] Continue to refer to Figure 5 A limiting strip 8 is provided at the side baffle 33. In the compacted state, the extension direction of the limiting strip 8 is consistent with the axial direction of the limiting rod 5. There are two limiting strips 8, and a limiting groove 9 is formed between the two limiting strips 8. In the compacted state, the limiting hook 51 is slidably connected to the limiting strip 8, and the multi-functional housing 3 moves along the axial direction of the limiting rod 5 (i.e., vertical movement) under the action of the traction component 2. The setting of the limiting rod 5, the limiting hook 51, and the limiting groove 9 enables the multi-functional housing 3 to move in the vertical direction. On the one hand, it can ensure that the multi-functional housing 3 moves in a certain direction, reducing the possibility of the multi-functional housing 3 shaking; on the other hand, it can enable the multi-functional housing 3 to effectively use its gravity to compress the snow layer, ensuring the final compaction effect.

[0073] The implementation principle of Example 1 is as follows: In the snow layer compaction process,

[0074] First, the large snow blocks on the surface of the snow layer are crushed to facilitate subsequent compaction.

[0075] After crushing, the construction device is adjusted to a flattening state. The plane where the bottom plate 31 of the multi-functional shell 3 is located is set as a standard plane for flattening, which makes subsequent compaction easier.

[0076] Finally, the construction device is adjusted to the compaction state, the multi-functional shell 3 is lifted by the traction component 2, and then the traction rope 22 is released, and the snow layer is compacted by the weight of the multi-functional shell 3.

[0077] In the above steps, each step is carried out separately, and the snow layer is compacted by first crushing, then spreading, and finally compacting.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] Reference Figure 6 The difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 lies in the structure of the multifunctional housing 3. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the multifunctional housing 3, after being enclosed by the side plate 32 and the bottom plate 31, is semi-elliptical. That is, the side plate 32 and the bottom plate 31 can be integrally formed into a semi-elliptical cylinder, and the other two ends are fixedly connected by side baffles 33. The fixed connection can also be integrally formed or welded, etc.

[0080] The semi-elliptical cross-sectional shape of the multi-functional shell 3 further enhances the snow-pressing effect. Compared to the isosceles trapezoidal shape, which involves surface contact with the snow layer, the semi-elliptical shape, with its line contact, reduces the contact area with the snow layer. According to the pressure calculation formula, line contact increases the pressure exerted by the multi-functional shell 3 on the snow layer at that location, thereby increasing the snow-pressing strength. Secondly, compared to the isosceles trapezoidal shape, the semi-elliptical shape reduces the likelihood of snow accumulation within the multi-functional shell 3. With the isosceles trapezoidal shape, snow tends to accumulate at the connection between the bottom plate 31 and the side plate 32 (in conjunction with...). Figure 2 ).

[0081] The implementation principle of Example 2 differs from that of Example 1 in that the traction component 2 achieves different working states by adjusting the semi-elliptical multifunctional housing 3.

[0082] Second aspect

[0083] This application discloses a snow compaction construction method for the construction of polar ice and snow airports.

[0084] A snow compaction construction method for polar ice and snow airport construction, utilizing the aforementioned snow compaction construction device for polar ice and snow airport construction, includes the following steps:

[0085] Snow layer crushing: By adjusting the traction component 2, the snow layer compaction construction device is put into a crushing state. Under the forward movement of the vehicle body, the side plate 32 of the multi-functional housing 3 comes into contact with the snow layer. After the snow layer enters the interior of the multi-functional housing 3, the crushing component 4 is activated to crush large pieces of snow layer, and finally the snow is discharged from the snow outlet 311.

[0086] Smoothing the snow layer: By adjusting the traction component 2, the snow compaction construction device is in a smoothing state. Under the forward movement of the vehicle, the bottom plate 31 of the multi-functional housing 3 comes into contact with the snow layer. By adjusting the traction component 2, the position of the bottom plate 31 is set, and the snow is smoothed using the bottom plate 31.

[0087] Snow compaction: By adjusting the traction component 2, the snow compaction construction device is put into a compaction state. Then, the multi-functional shell 3 is lifted by the traction component 2. Finally, the traction rope 22 is loosened so that the multi-functional shell 3 can compact the snow layer.

[0088] By adopting the above technical solution, after the snow layer has undergone three steps of crushing, leveling and compaction, the surface of the snow layer can be made more uniform and the strength of the snow layer in different places can be kept consistent after compaction, which is convenient for the operation of the airport in ice and snow.

[0089] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A snow compaction construction device for the construction of polar ice and snow airports, characterized in that: include Fixing plate (1), the fixing plate (1) is used to fix and connect to the front end of the vehicle body; The traction assembly (2) includes a traction drive (21) and a traction rope (22). The traction drive (21) is fixedly installed on the fixed plate (1), and the traction drive (21) drives the traction rope (22) to retract and extend. The multifunctional housing (3) includes a bottom plate (31), a side plate (32) and a side baffle (33). The bottom plate (31), the side plate (32) and the side baffle (33) together form a housing and are fixedly connected to each other. The end of the side plate (32) away from the bottom plate (31) is fixedly connected to multiple sets of traction ropes (22). The bottom plate (31) has multiple sets of snow outlet holes (311). Crushing assembly (4), which is fixedly installed between the opposite side baffles (33) of the multifunctional housing (3); Limiting rod (5), one end of the limiting rod (5) is fixedly connected to the fixing plate (1), and the other end is rotatably connected to the side baffle (33) of the multifunctional housing (3); The limiting member (6) is used to detachably connect the limiting rod (5) and the side baffle (33). The limiting rod (5) is provided with a limiting hook (51) at one end near the side baffle (33), and a limiting strip (8) is provided at the side baffle (33). In the compacted state, the extension direction of the limiting strip (8) is consistent with the axial direction of the limiting rod (5). There are two limiting strips (8), and a limiting groove (9) is formed between the two limiting strips (8). The limiting hook (51) is slidably connected to the limiting strip (8). When the traction component (2) drives the multifunctional housing (3) to rotate so that the side plate (32) comes into contact with the snow surface, the construction device is in a crushing state; When the traction assembly (2) drives the multifunctional housing (3) to rotate so that the bottom plate (31) comes into contact with the snow surface, the construction device is in a flattened state; in the flattened state, one of the side plates (32) used to come into contact with the snow layer has a snow inlet hole (321). When the traction component (2) causes the multifunctional housing (3) to move up and down, the construction device is in a compacted state.

2. The snow compaction construction device for polar ice and snow airport construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing component (4) includes A crushing drive (41) is installed on the side of the side baffle (33) away from the interior of the multifunctional housing (3); Rotating roller (42), the output end of the crushing drive (41) is fixedly connected to the rotating roller (42), and the rotating roller (42) is located between the two side baffles (33) of the multifunctional housing (3); The crushing part (43) is fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the rotating roller (42).

3. The snow compaction construction device for polar ice and snow airport construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The crushing section (43) includes crushing rods (431), and multiple sets of crushing rods (431) are arranged in a circumferential array on the peripheral sidewall of the rotating roller (42). The crushing rods (431) of two adjacent crushing components (4) are staggered.

4. The snow compaction construction device for polar ice and snow airport construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating rollers (42) of two adjacent crushing components (4) rotate in opposite directions.

5. The snow compaction construction device for polar ice and snow airport construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the multifunctional shell (3) after being enclosed by the side plate (32) and the bottom plate (31) is an isosceles trapezoid.

6. The snow compaction construction device for polar ice and snow airport construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the multifunctional shell (3) after being enclosed by the side plate (32) and the bottom plate (31) is semi-elliptical.

7. A snow compaction construction method for polar ice and snow airport construction, based on the snow compaction construction device for polar ice and snow airport construction according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Snow layer crushing: By adjusting the traction component (2) to make the snow layer compaction construction device in a crushing state, under the forward action of the vehicle body, the side plate (32) of the multi-functional housing (3) abuts against the snow layer. After the snow layer enters the interior of the multi-functional housing (3), the crushing component (4) is activated to crush large pieces of snow layer, and finally the snow is discharged from the snow outlet (311). Smoothing the snow layer: By adjusting the traction component (2), the snow layer compaction construction device is in a smoothing state. Under the forward movement of the vehicle body, the bottom plate (31) of the multi-functional housing (3) comes into contact with the snow layer. By adjusting the traction component (2), the position of the bottom plate (31) is set, and the bottom plate (31) is used to smooth the snow layer. Snow compaction: The snow compaction construction device is in a compaction state by adjusting the traction component (2), then the multi-functional shell (3) is lifted by the traction component (2), and finally the traction rope (22) is loosened so that the multi-functional shell (3) presses down the snow layer.

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