A high-integration filter mechanism based on a slot wheel mechanism

Abstract

The application discloses a high-integration filter mechanism based on a groove wheel mechanism and belongs to the technical field of multispectral imaging in aviation and spaceflight. The high-integration filter mechanism is provided with a plurality of single-spectrum switching components designed in a modular way. The single-spectrum switching component comprises an intermittent driving mechanism, a variable-speed adjusting mechanism and a circulating spectrum switching mechanism. The intermittent driving mechanism generates intermittent movement under the action of a driver, and the intermittent movement is output to the circulating spectrum switching mechanism through the variable-speed adjusting mechanism. The intermittent driving mechanism can complete the circulating movement of the spectrum from the initial state to the cutting-in, then to the cutting-out and back to the initial position through the variable-speed adjusting mechanism in one intermittent driving cycle. The high-integration filter mechanism has the advantages of simple and compact structure, reliability, a large number of spectrum bands, small occupied space during work, and the like. In addition, the cutting-in and cutting-out of adjacent spectrum bands are simultaneously performed, and the movement directions are opposite, so that the momentum can be offset, the mechanism has good stability and can be used in all imaging fields using plane array imaging and having the need for spectrum bands.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aviation and aerospace multispectral imaging technology, and in particular to a highly integrated filter mechanism based on a grooved wheel mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] A filter mechanism is a key component for realizing multispectral imaging in aerial and space-based joystick cameras. It filters the light entering the optical path by switching filter elements, allowing light of specific spectral bands to pass through, and ultimately realizes imaging of multiple spectral bands to obtain the spectral information of the observed target.

[0003] With the rapid development of the aviation and aerospace field, especially the technological breakthroughs in ultra-large aperture space remote sensors, the application scenarios of space remote sensors are becoming increasingly complex, the degree of subdivision of optical channels and optical spectrum is becoming higher and higher, the number of filters is increasing, and their size is also increasing.

[0004] Currently, multispectral filtering mechanisms in optical remote sensors often use a turntable design, such as the structure disclosed in Chinese invention patent application CN108957673A. Its advantages include simple structure, single-motor drive, and high reliability. However, its disadvantages are equally apparent. For large-aperture space remote sensors with urgent needs for large-size, multispectral filtering imaging, its size is too large to be arranged, ultimately limiting its application. While array-type filtering mechanisms, such as the structure disclosed in Chinese invention patent application CN112485878A, avoid these structural drawbacks, they have multiple power sources, complex control systems, and low reliability. Moreover, for more spectral bands (more than 10), their size remains large, and integration is equally difficult.

[0005] Therefore, based on the above-mentioned technical problems, those skilled in the art urgently need to develop a highly integrated filter mechanism based on a Geneva mechanism. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a highly integrated filter mechanism based on a Geneva mechanism, which can meet the actual needs of large size and multiple spectral bands under limited space conditions, while greatly simplifying the mechanism, reducing its complexity, and improving the reliability of the device.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] This invention discloses a highly integrated optical filtering mechanism based on a Geneva mechanism, comprising:

[0009] Multiple modularly designed single-band switching components;

[0010] The single-band switching component includes an intermittent drive mechanism, a speed regulation mechanism, and a cyclic band switching mechanism.

[0011] The intermittent drive mechanism generates intermittent motion under the action of the driver. The intermittent motion is output to the cyclic spectral switching mechanism through the speed regulation mechanism. Within one intermittent drive cycle, the intermittent drive mechanism can complete the cyclic motion of the spectral segment from the initial state to the cut-in and then back to the initial position through the speed regulation mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, multiple single-band switching components are configured in a cascaded configuration.

[0013] Furthermore, the intermittent drive mechanism includes an active dial that rotates with the frame via a first bearing, and a grooved wheel that rotates with the active dial via a grooved wheel pair. The grooved wheel rotates with the frame via a second bearing.

[0014] Furthermore, the active dials of two adjacent single-band switching components are arranged sequentially at equal angles θ in the circumferential direction and are circumferentially fixed to the main drive shaft through a spline pair. The main drive shaft is rotatably connected to the frame, and the frame is fixedly connected to the left base.

[0015] Furthermore, the initial state of the multiple single-segment switching components is the leftmost unfiltered state under the locking state of the intermittent drive mechanism's locking arc. The main drive shaft drives the cascaded active dials to rotate, with the initial stage of the Geneva wheel pair's cylinder entering the engagement state as the position zero point. When the i-th active dial rotates by an angle θ, the i-th single-segment switching component enters the optical path for filtering. The (i-1)-th single-segment switching component exits the optical path and returns to the starting point, and is positioned by the locking arc. The (i+1)-th single-segment switching component's Geneva wheel pair's cylinder enters the initial engagement state.

[0016] Furthermore, the speed adjustment mechanism includes a large sector gear whose central end face is fixedly connected to the grooved wheel, and a small gear that rotates with the frame through a third bearing, the small gear cooperating with the large gear pair.

[0017] Furthermore, the cyclic spectral switching mechanism includes a short connecting rod fixed to the pinion at one end, a long connecting rod rotatably connected to the other end of the short connecting rod via a fourth bearing, a filter drive seat rotatably connected to the other end of the long connecting rod via a small shaft, a filter assembly fixed to the end face of the filter drive seat, a guide shaft slidably connected to the filter assembly, and a left base and a right base fixed to the guide shaft respectively.

[0018] In the above technical solution, the present invention provides a highly integrated filter mechanism based on a Geneva mechanism, which has the following advantages:

[0019] Using this filtering mechanism for spectral filtering significantly reduces the complexity of the filtering system and improves its reliability. It also significantly reduces the size and weight of the mechanism, shortens the mission development cycle, and lowers development costs. In particular, the structure has a natural position locking function, effectively resisting vibrations and shocks during satellite launch, thus avoiding the use of complex locking mechanisms and further improving reliability. Furthermore, the simultaneous entry and exit of adjacent spectral bands in opposite directions cancels out momentum, resulting in good mechanism stability. This advantage is particularly pronounced for multi-band, large-aperture filtering, making it suitable for all fields utilizing area array imaging and requiring spectral imaging. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a front view (removed part 1) of a highly integrated filter mechanism based on a Geneva mechanism disclosed in this invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is an AA-rotated sectional view of the main view of a highly integrated filter mechanism based on a Geneva mechanism disclosed in this invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional view (removed part 1) of a highly integrated filter mechanism based on a Geneva mechanism disclosed in this invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a single-band switching mechanism for a highly integrated filter mechanism based on a Geneva mechanism disclosed in this invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the working state 1 (with frame removed) of a single-band switching mechanism for a highly integrated filter mechanism based on a Geneva mechanism, where the spectral band is not inserted into the optical path, as disclosed in this invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the working state 2 (with the frame removed) of a single-band switching mechanism for a highly integrated filter mechanism based on a Geneva mechanism disclosed in this invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the working state 3 (with frame removed) of a single-band switching mechanism for a highly integrated filter mechanism based on a Geneva mechanism disclosed in this invention, where the spectral band is not inserted into the optical path.

[0028] Figure 8This is a perspective view of an intermittent switching mechanism of a highly integrated filter mechanism based on a Geneva mechanism disclosed in this invention.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0030] 1. Frame; 2. First bearing; 3. Drive dial; 4. Grooved wheel; 5. Second bearing; 6. Large gear; 7. Small gear; 8. Third bearing; 9. Short connecting rod; 10. Bearing cover; 11. Fourth bearing; 12. Left base; 13. Long connecting rod; 14. Small shaft; 15. Filter drive seat; 16. Filter assembly; 17. Right base; 18. Guide shaft; 19. Light transmission window; 20. Main drive shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] See Figure 1-8 As shown;

[0033] A highly integrated optical filtering mechanism based on a Geneva mechanism is invented to filter light entering the optical path, allowing light of specific spectral bands to pass through the filter, thereby completing multi-spectral imaging of a space optical camera array imaging system and meeting the needs of obtaining images of different spectral bands.

[0034] The filtering mechanism includes multiple modularly designed single-band switching components;

[0035] The single-band switching component includes an intermittent drive mechanism, a speed regulation mechanism, and a cyclic band switching mechanism;

[0036] The intermittent drive mechanism generates intermittent motion under the action of the driver. The intermittent motion is output to the cyclic spectral switching mechanism through the speed regulation mechanism. Within one intermittent drive cycle, the intermittent drive mechanism can complete the cyclic motion of the spectral segment from the initial state to the cut-in and then back to the initial position through the speed regulation mechanism.

[0037] Specifically, the intermittent drive mechanism is housed within the frame 1, and the speed regulation mechanism is connected between the intermittent drive mechanism and the cyclic spectral band switching mechanism. When the intermittent drive mechanism generates intermittent motion with relatively small stops under the action of the driver (not shown), it outputs to the cyclic spectral band switching mechanism through the speed regulation mechanism. This enables the intermittent drive mechanism to complete the cyclic motion of the spectral band from the initial state to the cut-in and then back to the initial position within one intermittent drive cycle through the speed regulation mechanism. Preferably, multiple single-spectral band switching components are cascaded. The multiple single-spectral band switching components of this filtering mechanism are arranged in a certain gradient cascade, which can drive the filtering components to enter and exit the working position in sequence, thereby realizing spectral band switching. It has the advantages of simple and reliable structure, large number of spectral bands, compact structure, and small working space. In addition, the cut-in and cut-out of adjacent spectral bands are carried out simultaneously and in opposite directions, which can play a role in momentum cancellation. The mechanism has good stability. Especially for multi-spectral band large aperture filtering, the advantages of this structure are more prominent. It can be used in all imaging fields that utilize area array imaging and require spectral bands.

[0038] See Figure 1-3 As shown in Figure 8;

[0039] Preferably, the intermittent drive mechanism includes an active dial 3 that rotates with the frame 1 via a first bearing 2, and a grooved wheel 4 that rotates with the grooved wheel pair of the active dial 3. The grooved wheel 4 rotates with the frame 1 via a second bearing 5.

[0040] Specifically, the intermittent drive mechanism in this structure mainly includes an active dial 3 and a grooved wheel 4. The active dial 3 is rotatably engaged with the frame 1 through a first bearing 2, and the grooved wheel 4 is rotatably engaged with the frame 1 through a second bearing 5. The active dial 3 and the grooved wheel 4 are engaged with a grooved wheel pair. The main drive shaft 20 is fixedly connected to the active dial 3 in the form of a key connection. The rotation of the main drive shaft 20 provides driving force for the active dial 3.

[0041] The active dials 3 of two adjacent single-band switching components are arranged sequentially at equal angles θ in the circumferential direction and are circumferentially fixed to the main drive shaft 20 via spline joints. The main drive shaft 20 is rotatably connected to the frame 1, and the frame 1 is fixedly connected to the left base 12 (e.g., Figure 4 (As shown).

[0042] See Figure 5 As shown;

[0043] The initial state of multiple single-band switching components is the leftmost unfiltered state under the locking state of the intermittent drive mechanism's locking arc. The main drive shaft 20 drives the cascaded active dials 3 to rotate, with the initial stage of the Geneva wheel pair's cylinder entering the meshing state as the position zero point. When the i-th active dial 3 rotates by an angle θ, the i-th single-band switching component enters the optical path for filtering. The (i-1)-th single-band switching component exits the optical path and returns to the starting point, and is positioned by the locking arc. The (i+1)-th single-band switching component's Geneva wheel pair's cylinder enters the initial meshing state. Specifically, the number of active dials 3 is no greater than n. max ≤360° / θ, n max Take the integer part.

[0044] See Figure 2 As shown,

[0045] Preferably, the speed regulation mechanism includes a sector gear 6 whose central end face is fixedly connected to the grooved wheel 4, and a small gear 7 that rotates with the frame 1 through a third bearing 8, with the small gear 7 and the large gear 8 engaging in a gear pair.

[0046] Specifically, in this structure, the speed regulation mechanism includes a large gear 6 and a small gear 7. The center end face of the large gear 6 is fixedly connected to the grooved wheel 4, and the small gear 7 is rotatably engaged with the frame 1 through the third bearing 8. During transmission, the sector-shaped large gear 6 rotates, driving the small gear 7 to rotate.

[0047] See Figure 1-3 As shown,

[0048] Preferably, the cyclic spectral switching mechanism includes a short connecting rod 9 fixedly connected to a pinion 7 at one end, a long connecting rod 13 rotatably connected to the other end of the short connecting rod 9 via a fourth bearing 11, a filter drive seat 15 rotatably connected to the other end of the long connecting rod 13 via a small shaft 14, a filter assembly 16 fixedly connected to the end face of the filter drive seat 15, a guide shaft 18 slidably connected to the filter assembly 16, and a left base 12 and a right base 17 fixedly connected to the guide shaft 18 respectively.

[0049] In this structure, the guide shaft 18 is symmetrically mounted between the left base 12 and the right base 17 to form a frame. The left base 12 is fixedly connected to the frame 1. The filter assembly 16 is slidably connected to the guide shaft 18 on both sides through sliding blocks. One end of the short connecting rod 9 is fixedly connected to the pinion 7, and the other end is connected to the long connecting rod 13 and rotates with the long connecting rod 13 through the fourth bearing 11. The other end of the long connecting rod 13 is rotatably connected to the filter drive seat 15 through the small shaft 14. The filter drive seat 15 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the filter assembly 16. During transmission, the pinion 7 rotates and drives the short connecting rod 9 to swing. The short connecting rod 9 drives the long connecting rod 13 to move. The long connecting rod 13 pulls the filter assembly 16 to reciprocate along the guide shaft 18.

[0050] In the above technical solution, the present invention provides a highly integrated optical filtering mechanism based on a Geneva mechanism, the working principle of which is as follows:

[0051] The cascaded single-band switching components (1 to n) are driven by the main drive shaft 20. In the initial state, all filter groups 16 overlap on the left side (e.g., Figure 4 , 5 As shown), the filter assembly 16 is fixed in position by the locking arc on the corresponding active dial 3's slotted wheel pair, meaning it cannot move freely. When a spectral switching command is issued, the main drive shaft 20 rotates under the drive of external power, and the cylinder on the first active dial 3's slotted wheel pair begins to drive the corresponding slotted wheel 4 to rotate. This rotation is speed-matched by a speed-regulating mechanism composed of a large gear 6 and a small gear 7, and then converted into spectral switching movement of the filter assembly by a cyclic spectral switching mechanism composed of a crank-slider mechanism. Since all n active dials 3 are arranged sequentially with equal angle differences θ in the circumferential direction, the parameters are reasonably designed. This allows the first active dial 3 to rotate by an angle θ, causing the first filter component 16 to engage in the optical path for filtering, the cylinder of the second active dial 3's grooved wheel pair to enter the initial engagement state, while the remaining active dial 3's grooved wheel pairs are locked. This completes the switching of spectral band 1. Continuing to rotate by an angle θ, the (i-1)th filter component 16 exits the optical path and returns to the starting position, the ith filter component 16 engages in the optical path for filtering, the cylinder of the (i+1)th active dial 3's grooved wheel pair enters the initial engagement state, while the remaining grooved wheel pairs are locked. This process repeats until the last filter component 16 engages in the optical path.

[0052] Then the main drive shaft 20 rotates in the opposite direction, which can cut the optical path from filter component n to 1. Repeating the above filtering motion can realize the sequential switching of spectral bands (spectral band 1 to spectral band n, spectral band n to spectral band 1).

[0053] Beneficial effects: Using this filtering mechanism for spectral filtering can significantly reduce the complexity of the filtering mechanism and improve its reliability; it can also significantly reduce the size and weight of the mechanism, shorten the mission development cycle, and reduce development costs; in particular, this structure has a natural position locking function, which can effectively resist the vibration and shock of the satellite launch phase, thereby avoiding the use of complex locking mechanisms and further improving the reliability of the mechanism. In addition, the entry and exit of adjacent spectral bands are carried out simultaneously and in opposite directions, which can play a momentum cancellation role, resulting in good mechanism stability. Especially for multi-spectral band large-aperture filtering, the advantages of this structure are more prominent, and it can be used in all imaging fields that utilize area array imaging and require specific spectral bands.

[0054] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly integrated optical filtering mechanism based on a Geneva mechanism, characterized in that, include: Multiple modularly designed single-band switching components; The single-band switching component includes an intermittent drive mechanism, a speed regulation mechanism, and a cyclic band switching mechanism. The intermittent drive mechanism generates intermittent motion under the action of the driver. The intermittent motion is output to the cyclic spectral switching mechanism through the speed regulation mechanism. Within one intermittent drive cycle, the intermittent drive mechanism can complete the cyclic motion of the spectral band from the initial state to the cut-in and then to the cut-out and back to the initial position through the speed regulation mechanism. Among them, multiple single-band switching components are configured in a cascaded manner; The intermittent drive mechanism includes an active dial (3) that rotates with the frame (1) via a first bearing (2) and a grooved wheel (4) that rotates with the grooved wheel pair of the active dial (3). The grooved wheel (4) rotates with the frame (1) via a second bearing (5). The active dials (3) of two adjacent single-band switching components are arranged in sequence with equal angle difference θ in the circumferential direction and are circumferentially fixed to the main drive shaft (20) through spline pairs. The main drive shaft (20) is rotatably connected to the frame (1) and the frame (1) is fixedly connected to the left base (12).

2. The highly integrated optical filtering mechanism based on a Geneva mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that... ； The initial state of the multiple single-segment switching components is the leftmost unfiltered state under the locking state of the intermittent drive mechanism's locking arc. The main drive shaft (20) drives the cascaded active dial (3) to rotate and takes the initial stage of the grooved wheel pair's cylinder entering the meshing state as the position zero point. When the i-th active dial (3) rotates by an angle θ, the i-th single-segment switching component enters the optical path for filtering. The (i-1)-th single-segment switching component exits the optical path and returns to the starting point, and is positioned by the locking arc. The (i+1)-th single-segment switching component's grooved wheel pair's cylinder enters the initial meshing state.

3. The highly integrated optical filtering mechanism based on a Geneva mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that; The speed adjustment mechanism includes a large sector gear (6) whose central end face is fixedly connected to the grooved wheel (4), and a small gear (7) that rotates with the frame (1) through a third bearing (8). The small gear (7) and the large gear (6) are gear pairs.

4. The highly integrated optical filtering mechanism based on a Geneva mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that; The cyclic spectral switching mechanism includes a short connecting rod (9) fixed to the pinion (7) at one end, a long connecting rod (13) rotatably connected to the other end of the short connecting rod (9) via a fourth bearing (11), a filter drive seat (15) rotatably connected to the other end of the long connecting rod (13) via a small shaft (14), a filter assembly (16) fixed to the end face of the filter drive seat (15), a guide shaft (18) slidably connected to the filter assembly (16), and a left base (12) and a right base (17) fixed to the guide shaft (18) respectively.

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