Method, device and equipment for determining layer changing time in layered mining within limited period

Abstract

The application discloses a method, device and equipment for determining layer changing time in layered production within a limited period. The method comprises the following steps: determining a remaining available period of a target well area; determining a remaining exploitable time and a remaining oil production of a current layer; predicting a potential exploitable time and a potential oil production of a potential layer; calculating cumulative oil productions after layer changing to each potential layer at different time points; and determining a layer changing time according to a potential layer corresponding to the maximum cumulative oil production within the remaining available period and the layer changing time. Through the application, a thought of determining a weight coefficient through evaluating sizes of each potential layer and combining a computer program is provided, a yield limit of layer changing of each layer is determined, the layer changing time is efficiently optimized, and a target of maximizing a yield of a multi-layer oil reservoir within a contract period is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method, apparatus, and equipment for determining the timing of layer switching during stratified mining within a limited period, and relates to the field of oil and gas field development technology. Background Technology

[0002] When developing multi-layered oil reservoirs, it is necessary to perform layer-by-layer development on different reservoirs, such as... Figure 4 As shown. Overseas oil and gas development projects are subject to limited time constraints, such as contract periods, and resource-rich countries typically do not allow operators to adopt a generalized, combined development approach. For multi-layered reservoirs, in blocks without contract periods, production at the current layer is usually maximized by switching layers until all potential layers have reached their economic limits. For blocks with contract periods, maximizing production within the effective contract period requires evaluating the potential of each layer and making reasonable trade-offs in single-well production to determine the timing of layer switching, thus achieving the highest recovery rate within a limited time. Different contract periods, different numbers of developed reservoirs, different reservoir properties, and different development dynamics result in different production limits and timings for each layer during layer switching. Therefore, how to more rationally evaluate the potential of each reservoir and determine the appropriate timing for layer switching becomes a key issue in maximizing production within a limited period. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problem of determining the optimal timing for layer switching in multi-layered oil reservoirs within a limited period to maximize production, embodiments of the present invention provide a method, apparatus, and equipment for determining the timing for layer switching during stratified mining within a limited period.

[0004] This invention provides a method for determining the timing of layer switching during stratified mining within a limited period, comprising:

[0005] The remaining usable period of the target well area is determined based on the period already utilized.

[0006] The remaining exploitable time and remaining oil production of the current layer are determined based on the exploited time and oil layer parameters of the current layer currently being exploited in the target well area.

[0007] Based on the reservoir parameters of multiple potential layers in the target well area, excluding the current layer, predict the potential exploitable time and potential oil production of each potential layer;

[0008] Based on the remaining exploitable time and remaining oil production of the current layer, and the potential exploitable time and potential oil production of one of the multiple potential layers, calculate the cumulative oil production after switching to each potential layer at different times; and

[0009] The timing of layer replacement is determined based on the potential layer corresponding to the maximum cumulative oil production during the remaining available period and the time of layer replacement.

[0010] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for developing multi-layered oil reservoirs, comprising: using the above method to determine the timing of layer switching when developing the multi-layered oil reservoir within a predetermined limited period.

[0011] In another aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the program, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method.

[0012] In another aspect, the present invention provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the above-described method.

[0013] Another aspect of the present invention provides an apparatus for determining the timing of layer switching during stratified mining within a limited period, comprising:

[0014] The remaining period determination module is used to determine the remaining available period of the target well area based on the period already utilized.

[0015] The current layer production dynamic prediction module is used to determine the remaining exploitable time and remaining oil production of the current layer based on the exploited time and oil layer parameters of the current layer currently being exploited in the target well area.

[0016] The potential layer remaining potential evaluation module is used to predict the potential exploitable time and potential oil production of each potential layer based on the oil layer parameters of multiple potential layers in the target well area other than the current layer.

[0017] The layer-switching timing simulation module is used to calculate the cumulative oil production after switching to various potential layers at different times, based on the remaining recoverable time and remaining oil production of the current layer and the potential recoverable time and potential oil production of one of the multiple potential layers; and

[0018] The layer replacement timing determination module is used to determine the layer replacement timing based on the potential layer corresponding to the maximum cumulative oil production during the remaining available period and the layer replacement time.

[0019] Optionally, the device may further include a potential layer sorting module for sorting the plurality of potential layers according to their oil production potential.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned technical solutions provided in various aspects of the present invention include at least the following:

[0021] This invention leverages the advantages of interdisciplinary collaboration, including mathematical thinking and efficient computer languages, to propose a method that determines weighting coefficients by evaluating the size of each potential layer and links this to a computer program. This clarifies the production limits for each layer transition, efficiently optimizes the timing of layer transitions, and ultimately maximizes production within the contract period for multi-layered reservoirs. The methods provided by this invention have significant practical implications for clarifying the production limits for layer transitions in multi-layered reservoirs, determining the optimal timing for layer transitions, and effectively increasing production within the effective period.

[0022] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures described in the written description, claims, and drawings.

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for determining the timing of layer switching during stratified mining within a limited period, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the program for determining the optimal timing for layer switching using computer programming.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the production succession during the layer change.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the production dynamics of a typical well.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of ranking the oil production potential of potential layers.

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a hierarchical structure model used for reservoir potential evaluation;

[0031] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the device for determining the timing of layer switching during stratified mining within a limited period, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0033] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0034] This invention provides a method for determining the timing of layer switching during stratified mining within a limited period, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it may include the following steps:

[0035] Step 100: Determine the remaining usable period of the target well area based on the period already utilized.

[0036] Assume there are N oil-bearing layers, N1, N2, N3, ..., Nn. Layer N1 is the main layer. According to the contract, the remaining development period of a well when it is put into production is T years. Before the main layer N1 is replaced, it produces for t1 years. Then the remaining development period is (T-t1) years, which is the remaining usable period.

[0037] Step 200: Determine the remaining exploitable time and remaining oil production of the current layer based on the exploited time and oil layer parameters of the current layer currently being exploited in the target well area;

[0038] For new wells that started production in the current year, the current layer is usually the main layer. The main layer can be determined based on regional geological knowledge and well logging interpretation results. The initial production and decline rate of the new well can be determined based on dynamic parameters such as reservoir permeability, reservoir thickness, initial production, decline, and water-cutting stage of the wells already in production, and the production life and oil production can be predicted. For old wells that started production a few years ago, since layer replacement has been carried out, the current layer may not be the main layer. In this case, the production life and oil production of the current layer of the old well can be predicted based on reservoir development, edge and bottom water energy, and existing production dynamics to determine the decline rate.

[0039] Step 300: Predict the potential exploitable time and potential oil production of each potential layer based on the oil layer parameters of multiple potential layers in the target well area, excluding the current layer.

[0040] Among these, potential layers are typically non-primary layers, and the above predictions can be made by establishing typical production curves for these non-primary layers. By collecting and analyzing key parameters and information such as reservoir area, reservoir thickness, reservoir permeability, porosity, reservoir development stage, and water cut of the non-primary layers, typical production curves for each layer are established based on static and dynamic parameters. A one-to-one relationship is established between each layer and its corresponding typical curve to determine the typical production curve for the target well and the target layer. Specifically, this may include the following steps:

[0041] First, determine the average initial production of a single well in the potential layer.

[0042] Suppose that n wells are already in production within a potential oil reservoir. Analyzing the data from these n wells yields their specific parameters, such as permeability k1, k2, ..., k... n The effective thicknesses of the n wells are h1, h2, ..., h n The initial oil production of n wells put into production is Q. o1 Q o2 Q on The different commissioning times of the n-point reservoirs, the different development stages and water-cutting stages of the target reservoirs at the time of commissioning, result in different reference values ​​for the target reservoirs. In this invention, the time-inverse weighting method is used to define weighting coefficients and correct typical curves.

[0043] Considering that the production times of each well are not entirely consistent, and that the reference value of early and late production times in determining the initial production of an oil reservoir differs, the earlier the production time, the smaller the weighting coefficient; the later the production time, the larger the weighting coefficient. In this invention, the weighting coefficient is inversely proportional to the production time of the well, that is, the longer the production time, the smaller the weighting coefficient, expressed by the formula:

[0044] ω i =(tt) 0i ) -u

[0045] Where t is the expected production time of the target well, in months; t 0i denoted as , where is the production time of a single well, specifically the production time of the i-th well within the target area, expressed in months. 'u' is a time power parameter, which characterizes the degree to which the weighting coefficient decreases with increasing time. A larger 'u' value results in a higher weight for a single well with a smaller time difference, meaning a greater impact on the aforementioned time difference. In this embodiment, the time power parameter 'u' can take values ​​of 1, 2, 4, etc.; based on experience, the inventor generally chooses a value of 2.

[0046] The formula for the average initial production of a single well in the target potential layer can be expressed as:

[0047]

[0048] Among them, Q oiLet be the initial oil production of the i-th well.

[0049] Then, determine the decline rate of the potential layer.

[0050] Based on the relationship between the average daily oil production and production time of the n wells that have been exploited, the average decline rate of oil production is determined by fitting the production data.

[0051] Finally, based on the determined average initial production and average decline rate of the above-mentioned single wells, the relationship curve between oil production and time can be plotted. The same method can be used to establish typical production curves for other potential strata, thereby predicting the potential exploitable time and potential oil production of each potential stratum.

[0052] Alternatively, the average initial production of a single well can also be determined by the arithmetic mean method.

[0053] Step 400: Based on the remaining exploitable time and remaining oil production of the current layer and the potential exploitable time and potential oil production of one of the multiple potential layers, calculate the cumulative oil production after switching to each potential layer at different times.

[0054] Optionally, the multiple potential layers can be first sorted according to their oil production potential, and then the cumulative oil production after switching to each potential layer in the sorted order at different times can be calculated. Specifically, the potential of N-1 non-primary layers (excluding the primary layer) can be evaluated based on static and dynamic parameters such as reservoir permeability, reservoir thickness, and reservoir reserves. All non-primary potential layers can be sorted according to their potential size to determine the potential order. Since potential layers with higher potential can be exploited for a longer period, even with the same total production, prioritizing switching to higher potential layers helps reduce the number of layer switching operations and saves on the costs associated with these operations. The specific sorting process will be described in detail later.

[0055] Step 500: Determine the timing of layer replacement based on the potential layer corresponding to the maximum cumulative oil production during the remaining available period and the time of layer replacement.

[0056] Specifically, the optimal timing for layer replacement can be determined by writing programs to predict the production dynamics of a single well after layer replacement and to cyclically simulate all possible layer replacement scenarios for a single well.

[0057] like Figure 2As shown, a computer program is written to implement the production succession change of a layer-switching operation at a certain moment. This involves stopping the invocation of the typical curve for the current layer and truncating production data after that moment; then invoking the typical curve for the target layer; repeating the above process until the last layer invokes its typical curve. The code implements the production succession change for all layers at all moments. The process is repeated until the last layer invokes its typical curve. The sum of the production values ​​for different layer-switching combinations at different moments within the contract period is calculated, and the moment corresponding to the largest sum is the optimal layer-switching time for each layer.

[0058] The following describes the specific sorting process involved in step 400 above, such as... Figure 5 As shown.

[0059] Step 410: Select multiple oil layer parameters as evaluation indicators for each potential layer to establish a hierarchical structure model.

[0060] like Figure 6 As shown, the hierarchical model is divided into a target layer, a parameter layer, and a solution layer. The target layer has only one element, which is the predetermined goal of the problem analysis. In this embodiment, it is the potential evaluation and ranking of each layer. The parameter layer includes the intermediate links involved in achieving the goal and can consist of one or more layers. In this embodiment, the parameter layer considers both static and dynamic aspects. Static parameters include three evaluation indicators: reservoir permeability, reservoir thickness, and recoverable reserves. Dynamic parameters include three evaluation indicators: average initial production, natural decline rate, and overall water cut. The solution layer includes various measures and decision-making schemes that can be selected to achieve the goal. In this invention, these are the potential layers.

[0061] Step 420: Determine the weights between evaluation indicators and construct a judgment matrix based on the comparison results of the importance between each pair of evaluation indicators.

[0062] Assume that target layer A contains B1, B2, ..., B n If there are 10 evaluation indicators, then the constructed judgment matrix B is:

[0063]

[0064] In the formula: b ij Indicates column B i With B j The results of comparing the importance of b, and ji =1 / b ij

[0065] Statistical analysis was used to form judgment matrices for each level, as shown in Table 1 below. The weights between each evaluation indicator were calculated using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP).

[0066] Table 1

[0067] B1i 1 3 1 / 5 1 / 3 1 1 / 3 B2i 1 / 3 1 1 / 4 1 / 3 1 1 / 5 B3i 5 4 1 1 2 3 B4i 3 3 1 1 2 1 B5i 1 1 1 / 2 1 / 2 1 1 / 3 B6i 3 5 1 / 3 1 3 1

[0068] Step 430: Calculate the eigenvectors of the judgment matrix as the relative weights of a single evaluation index relative to each potential layer.

[0069] For example, the parameter layer mentioned in this embodiment includes 6 oil layer parameters, and it is necessary to calculate the relative weights B1~C, B2~C, ..., B6~C of each single oil layer parameter relative to each potential layer in the scheme layer.

[0070] The calculation steps are as follows:

[0071] (1) Multiply each row of the judgment matrix B

[0072] M i =b i1 b i2 ...b in i = 1, ..., n

[0073] (2) Calculate the nth root of M1 to obtain Wi.

[0074]

[0075] (3) Normalize Wi to obtain the eigenvectors, i.e., the relative weights.

[0076] W i =W i / ∑W i , i = 1, ..., n (2)

[0077] (4) Calculate the largest eigenvalue

[0078]

[0079] Where B represents the judgment matrix, and W represents the eigenvectors formed by the eigenvectors, (BW) i Let i represent the i-th component of BW.

[0080] Optionally, a consistency test can also be performed on the above relative weights. The above eigenvectors constitute the eigenma matrix W. The consistency test is used to measure the degree of deviation between the judgment matrix and the eigenma matrix, that is, the degree of inconsistency. The criterion for the consistency test is that when the following equation (3) is met, it is considered that the degree of inconsistency of the judgment matrix is ​​within the allowable range, and its eigenvectors can be used as relative weights; otherwise, a pairwise comparison should be performed again to adjust the matrix.

[0081] CR=CI / RI<0.1 (3)

[0082] Where: CI is the consistency index, i.e., CI = (λ) max -n) / (n-1), λ maxdenoted as the largest eigenvalue, n represents the number of evaluation indicators; RI is the random consistency index, which is obtained by taking the arithmetic mean after repeatedly calculating the eigenvalues ​​of the random judgment matrix multiple times (>500 times) (see Table 2 below); CR is the ratio of CI to RI, which serves as a parameter to determine the degree of inconsistency.

[0083] Table 2

[0084] RI 0 0 0.58 0.90 1.12 1.24 1.32 1.41 1.45

[0085] Step 440: Calculate the composite weight of each evaluation index relative to each potential layer based on the relative weights.

[0086] That is, it is equivalent to calculating the composite weight of each element in the target layer. The composite weight of each element in the target layer refers to the composite weight of each factor in each judgment matrix relative to the target layer. This weight is calculated using a top-down method, synthesizing layer by layer.

[0087] If the previous level B contains n evaluation indicators B1, B2, ..., B n Their relative weights are W1, W2, ..., W n The next level of solution layer C contains m potential layers C1, C2, ..., C m They are relevant to evaluation index B. i The hierarchical single sorting weights are C 1i C 2i C mi At this point, level C is related to factor B. i The total ranking weights (i.e., the composite weights) are as follows:

[0088]

[0089] Step 450: Sort according to the composite weight.

[0090] Alternatively, a consistency test can be performed on the composite weights. Specifically, if certain factors at level C affect level B... i The consistency metric for a single ranking is CI. i The corresponding average random consistency index is RI. i Then the overall random consistency ratio of the C-level ranking is

[0091]

[0092] When CR < 0.10, the composite weights meet the consistency requirements, and the corresponding hierarchical overall ranking results also meet the consistency requirements.

[0093] This embodiment employs a multi-factor decision analysis method combining qualitative and quantitative analysis. Reservoir potential evaluation parameters are analyzed according to two main categories: static and dynamic. Static factors include recoverable reserves, reservoir thickness, permeability, and porosity; dynamic factors include fluid viscosity, oil saturation, average initial production, natural decline rate, and water cut. Based on the overall goals of potential evaluation and layer transition timing, the problem is decomposed into different component factors. These factors are then grouped and combined at different levels according to their interrelationships and hierarchical relationships, forming a multi-level analytical structure model. Secondly, based on the judgment of objective phenomena, the relative importance of each level of factors is quantitatively described, forming a judgment matrix. Thirdly, mathematical methods are used to determine the numerical values ​​of the relative importance order of all factors at each level, and a consistency check is performed. If the conditions are not met, the judgment matrix is ​​modified until they are satisfied. Finally, the total ranking weight of each factor with respect to the overall goal is calculated to achieve the evaluation and ranking of the potential of each layer. Then, the typical production curves of each potential layer are used as a basis for further analysis. Then, computer simulations were used to optimize the timing of layer switching with the objective function of maximizing the production of multiple layers in a single well, and the optimal timing of layer switching was determined.

[0094] This embodiment, through the methods of predicting key development indicators of the current stratum, ranking other potential strata, establishing typical production curves for non-main strata, simulating production succession changes when implementing strata switching operations at a certain moment, programming to realize all possible strata switching scenarios, and determining the optimal timing for strata switching by maximizing cumulative oil production, has certain positive significance for the development of multi-layered reservoirs within a limited period such as the contract period.

[0095] To further verify the effectiveness of the above technology, the following experimental data is provided:

[0096] Taking a certain oil well as an example, a typical well has four oil reservoirs in the vertical direction: M1, LU, UT and LT. The effective thickness and permeability of each oil reservoir are 9ft and 2165mD, 21.6ft and 838mD, 13.8ft and 682mD, and 11.3ft and 553mD, respectively.

[0097] The well began production in the LU layer in August 2006, with an initial production of 360 barrels per day and a water cut of 65.9%. Based on projections, the LU layer had the potential to produce until 2017. However, considering the potential of other layers within the well, and to maximize production within the limited contract period, the well was shut down in May 2011, forfeiting the 35 barrels per day production from the LU layer. The LU layer produced a cumulative total of 243,000 barrels of oil with a water cut of 96.7%. In September 2011, production was switched to M1, with an initial production of 270 barrels per day and a water cut of 77.9%. Because the UT layer also had potential, the well was switched from M1 to UT in January 2018, forfeiting the 48 barrels per day production from M1. The M1 layer produced a cumulative total of 199,000 barrels of oil with a water cut of 96.5%. The UT layer has currently produced a cumulative total of 240,000 barrels of oil with a water cut of 42.9% and is still in production. The three reservoirs have collectively produced 684,000 barrels of crude oil.

[0098] Figure 3 The simulation depicts the production change curve when switching from one reservoir to another. As can be seen from the examples of typical wells mentioned above, under the guidance of this invention, 35 barrels / year were successively discarded in the LU and M1 layers.

[0099] With a production capacity of 48 barrels per day, the invention effectively guarantees production within the contract period by utilizing the optimal time for layer replacement in multi-layered oil reservoirs, demonstrating its practicality.

[0100] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides an apparatus for determining the timing of layer switching during stratified mining within a limited period, referring to... Figure 7 As shown, the device may include: a remaining period determination module 10, a current layer production dynamic prediction module 11, a potential layer remaining potential evaluation module 12, a layer switching timing simulation module 13, and a layer switching timing determination module 14. Its working principle is as follows:

[0101] The remaining period determination module 10 determines the remaining usable period of the target well area based on the utilized period of the target well area. The current layer production dynamic prediction module 11 predicts the remaining potential and remaining production time of the well in the current layer based on the current production dynamics. The current layer production dynamic prediction module 11 determines the remaining usable period of the target well area based on the utilized period of the target well area; it also determines the remaining exploitable time and remaining oil production of the current layer based on the exploited time and oil layer parameters of the currently being exploited layer in the target well area; determining the remaining exploitable time and remaining oil production of the current layer may further include: determining the current oil production of the target area based on the daily oil production of at least one single well included in the target area and the number of production months; determining the decline parameters of the target area based on the production dynamics of the target area; and determining the remaining exploitable time and remaining oil production based on the current oil production and decline parameters, and considering an economic threshold. The decline parameters include: decline rate, decline index, and decline type.

[0102] The Potential Layer Remaining Potential Evaluation Module 12 evaluates the remaining potential and ranking of the potential layers in the target well, determining the target layer for the well's implementation. Based on the oil reservoir parameters of multiple potential layers in the target well area (excluding the current layer), the Potential Layer Remaining Potential Evaluation Module 12 predicts the potential recoverable time and potential oil production of each potential layer. Predicting the potential recoverable time and potential oil production of each potential layer requires determining the average initial production per well and the decline rate of the potential layer. Based on the determined average initial production and average decline rate per well, a curve showing the relationship between oil production and time can be plotted.

[0103] The potential layers are sorted according to their oil production potential, and then the cumulative oil production is calculated at different times after switching to each potential layer in the sorted order.

[0104] The layer-switching timing simulation module 13 predicts the production dynamics of a single well after layer switching and cyclically simulates all possible layer-switching scenarios for the single well. Based on the remaining recoverable time and remaining oil production of the current layer, and the potential recoverable time and potential oil production of one of the multiple potential layers, the module 13 calculates the cumulative oil production after switching to each potential layer at different times. By stopping the display of typical curves for the current layer, truncating production data after that time, and displaying typical curves for the target layer, the module 13 realizes the production succession change when implementing layer switching operations at a certain time.

[0105] The optimal replacement timing module 14 determines the best replacement timing within a limited period based on the maximum oil production. The optimal replacement timing module 14 determines the replacement timing based on the potential layer corresponding to the maximum cumulative oil production during the remaining usable period and the replacement time. The production of replacement combinations at different times and in different layers within the contract period is summed, and the time corresponding to the largest sum is the optimal replacement timing for each layer.

[0106] In an optional embodiment, the device may further include: a potential layer sorting module 15;

[0107] The potential layer ranking module 15 ranks the multiple potential layers according to their oil production potential. Specifically, it selects multiple static and dynamic parameters of the oil layer as evaluation factors to establish a hierarchical structure model for each potential layer. The static parameters may include at least one of the following: reservoir permeability, reservoir thickness, and reservoir reserves; the dynamic parameters may include at least one of the following: average initial production, natural decline rate, and overall water cut.

[0108] The weights of each evaluation factor are determined based on the comparison of importance between every two evaluation factors, and a judgment matrix is ​​constructed. The largest eigenvalue and eigenvector of the judgment matrix are calculated to obtain the relative weights of elements under a single parameter. After passing the consistency test, the inconsistency of the judgment matrix is ​​considered to be within the acceptable range, and its eigenvectors can be used as weight vectors; otherwise, pairwise comparisons must be performed again to adjust the matrix. A top-down approach is used to calculate the composite weights of each layer's elements with respect to the target layer layer by layer.

[0109] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment of the invention also provides a method for developing multi-layer oil reservoirs, including: using the above method to determine the timing of layer switching when developing the multi-layer oil reservoir within a predetermined limited period.

[0110] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment of the invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for determining the timing of layer switching in layered mining within a limited period.

[0111] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment of the invention also provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements a method for determining the timing of layer switching in layered mining within a limited period.

[0112] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage and optical storage) containing computer-usable program code.

[0113] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0114] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0115] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0116] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining the timing of layer switching during stratified mining within a limited period, characterized in that, include: The remaining usable period of the target well area is determined based on the period already utilized. The remaining exploitable time and remaining oil production of the current layer are determined based on the exploited time and oil layer parameters of the current layer currently being exploited in the target well area. Based on the reservoir parameters of multiple potential layers in the target well area, excluding the current layer, predict the potential exploitable time and potential oil production of each potential layer; Based on the remaining exploitable time and remaining oil production of the current layer, and the potential exploitable time and potential oil production of one of the multiple potential layers, calculate the cumulative oil production after switching to each potential layer at different times. as well as The timing of layer replacement is determined based on the potential layer corresponding to the maximum cumulative oil production during the remaining available period and the time of layer replacement. The predicted potential recoverable time and potential oil production of each potential layer include: The average initial production and average single-well production of a single well are determined based on the production data of the wells already in production in the potential layer. The average decline rate of oil production per well is determined based on the relationship between the average yield per well and the production time. Based on the aforementioned average initial production and average decline rate, a curve showing the relationship between oil production and time was plotted; and The prediction is made based on the relationship curve; The average initial yield is calculated according to the following formula (1): （1） in, t represents the expected production time of the target well, in months; t 0i is the production time of a single well, i.e., the production time of the i-th well in the target area, in months; u is the time power parameter; Q oi Let be the initial oil production of the i-th well; The method further includes: sorting the plurality of potential layers according to their oil production potential; The calculation of the cumulative oil production after switching to each potential layer at different times includes: calculating the cumulative oil production after switching to each potential layer in the sorted order at different times; Performing the sorting includes: For each potential layer, multiple oil layer parameters are selected as evaluation indicators to establish a hierarchical structure model. The weights between evaluation indicators are determined based on the comparison of the importance between each pair of evaluation indicators, and a judgment matrix is ​​constructed. Calculate the eigenvectors of the judgment matrix as the relative weights of a single evaluation index relative to each potential layer; Calculate the composite weight of each evaluation index relative to each potential layer based on the relative weights; and The sorting is performed according to the composite weights; The method further includes: taking the potential layer after the layer change as the new current layer and performing the above steps again to determine the next layer change opportunity, until the remaining available period ends.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The eigenvector is calculated according to the following formula (2): ,i =1,…,n (2) in, , i = 1, ..., n, Mi represents the product of each row of the judgment matrix.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A consistency check is performed on the relative weights. If the following equation (3) is satisfied, the relative weights are confirmed to be consistent. CR = CI / RI < 0.1 (3) CI stands for Consistency Index. , λ max The largest eigenvalue of the judgment matrix is ​​represented by , n represents the number of evaluation indicators, and RI is the random consistency index.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The maximum eigenvalue is calculated according to the following formula (4). ,i,j=1,…,n (4) Wherein, B represents the judgment matrix, and W represents the feature matrix composed of the feature vectors. Let i represent the i-th component of BW.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite weights are calculated according to the following formula (5): ， …， （5） Among them, W i C represents the relative weights. mi This represents the hierarchical ranking weight of each potential layer relative to each evaluation indicator.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The consistency of the synthesized weights is checked. If the following equation (6) is satisfied, the consistency of the synthesized weights is confirmed. <0.10 （6） Among them, W i CI represents the relative weights. i RI represents the single-ranking consistency index for each evaluation indicator across different potential strata. i This represents the average random consistency index.

7. A method for developing multi-layered oil reservoirs, characterized in that, include: The method described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is used to determine the timing of layer replacement when exploiting the multi-layered reservoir within a predetermined finite period.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the program is executed by the processor, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. An apparatus for determining the timing of layer switching during stratified mining within a limited period, characterized in that, include: The remaining period determination module is used to determine the remaining available period of the target well area based on the period already utilized. The current layer production dynamic prediction module is used to determine the remaining exploitable time and remaining oil production of the current layer based on the exploited time and oil layer parameters of the current layer currently being exploited in the target well area. The potential layer remaining potential evaluation module is used to predict the potential exploitable time and potential oil production of each potential layer based on the oil layer parameters of multiple potential layers in the target well area other than the current layer. The layer switching timing simulation module is used to calculate the cumulative oil production after switching to each potential layer at different times, based on the remaining exploitable time and remaining oil production of the current layer and the potential exploitable time and potential oil production of one of the multiple potential layers. as well as The layer replacement timing determination module is used to determine the layer replacement timing based on the potential layer corresponding to the maximum cumulative oil production during the remaining available period and the layer replacement time. The remaining potential evaluation module of the potential layer is used for: The average initial production and average single-well production of a single well are determined based on the production data of the wells already in production in the potential layer. The average decline rate of oil production per well is determined based on the relationship between the average yield per well and the production time. Based on the average initial production and average decline rate, a curve showing the relationship between oil production and time was plotted. as well as The prediction is made based on the relationship curve; The average initial yield is calculated according to the following formula (1): （1） in, t represents the expected production time of the target well, in months; t 0i is the production time of a single well, i.e., the production time of the i-th well in the target area, in months; u is the time power parameter; Q oi Let be the initial oil production of the i-th well; The device further includes: a potential layer sorting template, used to sort the multiple potential layers according to their oil production potential; The layer switching timing simulation module is also used to calculate the cumulative oil production after switching to each potential layer in the sorted order at different times. The potential layer sorting template performs the sorting as follows: For each potential layer, multiple oil layer parameters are selected as evaluation indicators to establish a hierarchical structure model. The weights between evaluation indicators are determined based on the comparison of the importance between each pair of evaluation indicators, and a judgment matrix is ​​constructed. Calculate the eigenvectors of the judgment matrix as the relative weights of a single evaluation index relative to each potential layer; Calculate the composite weight of each evaluation index relative to each potential layer based on the relative weights; and The sorting is performed based on the composite weights.

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