Locomotive side wall manufacturing process

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application provides a locomotive side wall manufacturing process. The manufacturing process comprises the following steps: providing a plurality of sub-edge beams, and welding the plurality of sub-edge beams into an integral edge beam; providing a plurality of hollow framework blocks, and assembling the plurality of hollow framework blocks into a side wall framework; providing a plurality of skin materials, and welding the plurality of skin materials into a plurality of spliced skins; and assembling the edge beam, the side wall framework and the spliced skins into a locomotive side wall. The locomotive side wall manufacturing process can effectively reduce the deformation of the locomotive side wall, improve the planar flatness, and ensure the smooth installation of the side wall by assembling the parts of the locomotive side wall into a plurality of blocks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of locomotive manufacturing technology, and in particular to a locomotive sidewall manufacturing process. Background Technology

[0002] Lightweight locomotives have been developed, with their sidewall frames using high-strength structural steel in a hollowed-out form to reduce weight. However, the hollowed-out structure of the lightweight sidewall design results in a large amount of welding, increasing the difficulty of manufacturing the sidewalls. Using conventional manufacturing processes can lead to severe deformation of the sidewalls, making it difficult to guarantee flatness and affecting installation.

[0003] The information disclosed in the background section is only for enhancing the understanding of the background of the present invention, and therefore may include information that does not constitute related technology known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The locomotive sidewall manufacturing process provided in this embodiment of the invention can reduce the deformation of the locomotive sidewall, improve the flatness of the plane, and ensure the smooth installation of the sidewall.

[0005] This invention provides a locomotive sidewall manufacturing process, comprising: providing multiple segmented side beams and welding the multiple segmented side beams into a single side beam; providing multiple hollowed-out skeleton blocks and assembling the multiple hollowed-out skeleton blocks into a sidewall skeleton; providing multiple skin materials and welding the multiple skin materials into multiple spliced ​​skins; and assembling the side beams, the sidewall skeleton, and the spliced ​​skins into a locomotive sidewall.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present invention, welding the multiple sub-beams into a single edge beam includes: straightening the multiple sub-beams; welding the straightened multiple sub-beams into a single edge beam; and straightening the single edge beam again to make the straightness of the edge beam less than 1 mm / m.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present invention, the skeleton block includes a plurality of horizontal beams spaced apart in the vertical direction and a plurality of vertical beams spaced apart in the horizontal direction, wherein the plurality of horizontal beams and the plurality of vertical beams are perpendicularly intersecting each other; assembling the plurality of hollow skeleton blocks into a side wall skeleton includes: straightening the horizontal beams and the vertical beams of each hollow skeleton block; applying external restraint to each hollow skeleton block; welding the hollow skeleton blocks into a side wall skeleton; placing the side wall skeleton on a platform; and leveling the side of the side wall skeleton that is in contact with the splicing skin.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, multiple skin materials are provided, and the multiple skin materials are welded into a spliced ​​skin, including: placing the multiple skin materials on a platform according to a predetermined position; obtaining multiple welds between the multiple skin materials; and welding the welds in descending order of length.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, when welding the weld, a T-shaped weld with a preset size is retained between the multiple skin materials; after welding the weld, the T-shaped weld is then welded.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, before welding the weld, the method further includes: embedding a copper strip in the platform below the weld, the surface of the copper strip being flush with the surface of the platform, such that when welding the weld, the weld is located on the copper strip.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, after welding the weld seam, the method further includes: forming weld seam material after welding the weld seam, grinding the protruding weld seam material so that the protrusion height of the weld seam material is no more than 0.5 mm; and mechanically rolling the spliced ​​skin flat.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, assembling the side beam, the side wall frame, and the spliced ​​skin into a locomotive side wall includes: welding the side beam to one side of the side wall frame, including: welding simultaneously from the middle of the side beam and the side wall frame to both sides in the horizontal direction, wherein the side beam extends along the horizontal direction; welding the spliced ​​skin to the side wall frame, including: welding simultaneously from the middle of the spliced ​​skin and the side wall frame to both sides in the horizontal direction, and welding from one side of the side wall frame used for welding the side beam to the opposite side in the vertical direction.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, when welding the spliced ​​skin to the side wall frame, the welding is carried out step by step towards both sides in the horizontal direction, with the frame blocks as the unit.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the frame block includes a plurality of horizontal beams spaced apart in the vertical direction and a plurality of vertical beams spaced apart in the horizontal direction, wherein the plurality of horizontal beams are perpendicularly intersecting the plurality of vertical beams; when welding the longitudinal beams of the splicing skin and the side wall frame, the welding sequence of the longitudinal beams is as follows: after welding the current longitudinal beam, skip at least one longitudinal beam containing one unwelded longitudinal beam and weld it, and then re-weld the skipped unwelded longitudinal beam, until all the longitudinal beams are welded; when welding the horizontal beams of the splicing skin and the side wall frame, the welding sequence of the horizontal beams is as follows: after welding the current horizontal beam, skip at least one horizontal beam containing one unwelded horizontal beam and weld it, and then re-weld the skipped unwelded horizontal beam, until all the horizontal beams are welded.

[0015] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the locomotive sidewall manufacturing process of the present invention has at least one of the following advantages and positive effects: In this embodiment of the invention, by welding multiple segments of the side beam into a single side beam, the straightness of the side beam can be improved. By first forming multiple hollowed-out skeleton blocks and then assembling the skeleton blocks into a side wall skeleton, the deformation of the side wall skeleton can be reduced. By welding multiple pieces of skin material into multiple spliced ​​skins, these spliced ​​skins can be assembled with the side wall skeleton in sections, reducing the deformation of the spliced ​​skins. Therefore, in this embodiment of the invention, by assembling the various parts of the locomotive side wall into multiple sections, the deformation of the locomotive side wall can be effectively reduced, the flatness of the plane can be improved, and the smooth installation of the side wall can be ensured. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The above and other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from a detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the locomotive sidewall manufacturing process according to some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a frontal schematic diagram of the assembled locomotive sidewall shown in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a hollowed-out skeleton block shown in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating, in some embodiments of the present invention, the splicing of multiple skin materials welded together. Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the assembled locomotive sidewall shown in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 6 The above is a schematic diagram of a platform shown in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the welding sequence of longitudinal beams in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the installation of a locomotive sidewall onto a locomotive, as shown in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Edge beam; 11. Sub-edge beam; 2. Side wall frame; 21. Frame block; 211. Longitudinal beam; 2111. First longitudinal beam; 2112. Second longitudinal beam; 2113. Third longitudinal beam; 2114. Fourth longitudinal beam; 2115. Fifth longitudinal beam; 2116. Sixth longitudinal beam; 2117. Seventh longitudinal beam; 212. Horizontal beam; 213. Bent plate; 3. Spliced ​​skin; 31. Skin material; 311. First weld; 312. Second weld; 313. Third weld; 314. Fourth weld; 4. Platform; 41. Copper strip; 5. Door frame; X, Horizontal direction; Y, Vertical direction. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, they are provided so that the invention will be thorough and complete, and the concept of the exemplary embodiments will be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and therefore their detailed description will be omitted.

[0020] In the following description of different exemplary embodiments of the invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form part of the invention and illustrate different exemplary structures that can implement various aspects of the invention by way of example. It should be understood that other specific embodiments of components, structures, exemplary devices, systems, and steps may be used, and structural and functional modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. Furthermore, while the terms “above,” “between,” “within,” etc., may be used in this specification to describe different exemplary features and elements of the invention, these terms are used herein only for convenience, such as according to the orientation of the examples in the drawings. Nothing in this specification should be construed as requiring a specific three-dimensional orientation of the structure to fall within the scope of the invention. Moreover, the terms “first,” “second,” etc., in the claims are used only as illustrative marks and not as numerical limitations on the object.

[0021] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative and do not necessarily include all content and operations / steps, nor do they necessarily have to be performed in the described order. For example, some operations / steps can be broken down, while others can be combined or partially combined; therefore, the actual execution order may change depending on the specific circumstances.

[0022] In addition, in the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a locomotive sidewall manufacturing process, including the following steps S100~S400.

[0024] S100: Provide multiple segments of edge beam 11 and weld the multiple segments of edge beam 11 into a single edge beam 1.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, the side beam 1 is located at the top of the locomotive side wall and is used to bear the load. In related technologies, the entire side beam 1 is usually welded to the side wall frame 2. However, the entire side beam 1 is prone to stress during welding, which can lead to deformation and potentially significant straightness. Straightness is a form tolerance, referring to the total allowable variation of a single actual straight line, used to control the shape error of a straight line in a plane or space. The smaller the straightness, the straighter the line.

[0026] In this embodiment of the invention, S100 may include: straightening the multi-segment side beam 11, welding the straightened multi-segment side beam 11 into a whole side beam 1, and straightening the whole side beam 1 again so that the straightness of the side beam 1 is less than 1mm / m.

[0027] For example, before welding the sub-edge beam 11, each section of the sub-edge beam 11 can be straightened using flame straightening. Flame straightening is a method of correcting the bending and unevenness of the steel by locally heating it with a flame. That is, the plastic deformation generated by the local heating of the metal offsets the original deformation, making the steel straighter.

[0028] Because each sub-beam 11 is shorter, the straightening effect is more pronounced. Welding multiple sub-beams 11 together forms a single edge beam 1, improving its straightness. Further straightening of the entire edge beam 1 eliminates welding-induced bending and further enhances its straightness, ultimately achieving a straightness of less than 1 mm / m, thus avoiding assembly difficulties caused by excessive bending.

[0029] In this embodiment of the invention, the number of sub-side beams 11 can be 3, 4, 5 or 6. The number of sub-side beams 11 and the length of each sub-side beam 11 can be selected according to the length of the entire side beam 1. No special limitation is made here.

[0030] When welding the multi-segment edge beam 11, after aligning the weld seams of the multi-segment edge beam 11, the multi-segment edge beam 11 is constrained by external tooling. A welding carriage can be used to weld the multi-segment edge beam 11, and a segmented back-welding method can be used. This can reduce the welding heat input, increase the welding speed, and reduce welding deformation.

[0031] S200: Provides multiple hollowed-out skeleton blocks 21, and assembles the multiple hollowed-out skeleton blocks 21 into a side wall skeleton 2.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, the frame block 21 includes horizontal beams 212 extending in the horizontal direction X and vertical beams 211 extending in the vertical direction Y. Each frame block 21 includes multiple horizontal beams 212 and multiple vertical beams 211. The multiple horizontal beams 212 are spaced apart in the vertical direction Y, and the multiple vertical beams 211 are spaced apart in the horizontal direction X. The multiple horizontal beams 212 and multiple vertical beams 211 are perpendicularly connected. Multiple frame blocks 21 are assembled to form the sidewall frame 2 of the entire sidewall. The thickness of the frame block 21 can be 3~4mm.

[0033] Continue to refer to Figure 3 Each longitudinal beam 211 has multiple flush-bottomed teeth at its bottom, which are used for welding to the splicing skin 3, allowing the splicing skin 3 to connect with the longitudinal beam 211. Openings exist between adjacent teeth. By making the bottom of the longitudinal beam 211 a toothed section with openings, the weight of the longitudinal beam 211 can be reduced, achieving weight reduction. Crossbeams 212 are fixedly connected to corresponding openings in the multiple longitudinal beams 211. One side of the crossbeam 212 has a bent plate 213, which is used for welding to the splicing skin 3, achieving the connection between the crossbeam 212 and the splicing skin 3.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, the skeleton block 21 in this embodiment of the invention has 5 blocks (one skeleton block in each dashed box). Of course, it can also be set to 4, 6, 7 or 8 blocks. Those skilled in the art can set it according to the size of the locomotive sidewall, and no special limitation is made here.

[0035] Figure 6 The platform 4 of this embodiment of the invention is shown, on which the assembly of the hollowed-out skeleton blocks 21 can be completed. In this embodiment of the invention, assembling multiple hollowed-out skeleton blocks 21 into a side wall skeleton 2 in S200 includes the following contents A1 to A3.

[0036] A1: Straighten the horizontal beams 212 and vertical beams 211 of each hollowed-out skeleton block 21.

[0037] Before assembly, the crossbeams 212 and longitudinal beams 211 of each hollowed-out skeleton block 21 are straightened to ensure the straightness of each skeleton block 21. In some embodiments, the crossbeams 212 and longitudinal beams 211 can be straightened using a flame straightening method, or the skeleton block 21 can be placed on the plane of the platform 4 and flattened or hammered with external force. That is, it is only necessary to be able to straighten the crossbeams 212 and longitudinal beams 211, and no special limitation is made here.

[0038] A2: Apply external constraints to each hollowed-out skeleton block 21 and weld the hollowed-out skeleton blocks 21 into a side wall skeleton 2.

[0039] Multiple skeleton blocks 21 are placed on platform 4, and the weld joints between adjacent skeleton blocks 21 are aligned. External fixtures are used to increase external restraint, that is, multiple skeleton blocks 21 are fixed, and the connecting beams 212 are welded together to weld the multiple skeleton blocks 21 into the entire side wall skeleton 2. In addition, external restraint can reduce deformation.

[0040] In some embodiments, two skeleton blocks 21 can be welded together before being welded to the next skeleton block 21. Alternatively, all skeleton blocks 21 can be externally constrained and then welded directly. Or, skeleton blocks 21 can be welded together in pairs before being welded together. No special limitation is made here.

[0041] A3: Place the side wall frame 2 on the platform 4 and level the side of the side wall frame 2 that is in contact with the splicing skin 3.

[0042] In this embodiment of the invention, the side of the sidewall frame 2 with the bent plate 213 can be placed on the platform 4, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the dashed box represents the plane of platform 4. After ensuring that all the bent plates 213 are folded outward, pressure is applied to the side wall frame 2 so that the folded surfaces of the bent plates 213 are in contact with platform 4, ensuring that the folded surfaces are on the same plane. The folded surfaces are used for welding to the splicing skin 3, thus ensuring that each folded surface can be successfully welded to the skin, making the locomotive side wall more stable.

[0043] S300: Provides multiple skin materials 31 and welds the multiple skin materials 31 into multiple spliced ​​skins 3.

[0044] like Figure 4 As shown, the original skin material 31 can be cut so that the spliced ​​skin can cover the side wall frame 2. Multiple skin materials 31 have the same thickness, which can be 2-3 mm. The spliced ​​skin 3 can consist of multiple pieces; for example, in this embodiment, such as... Figure 2 As shown, there are two spliced ​​skin panels 3, with the door frame 5 on the side wall as the boundary. The manufacturing process of the two spliced ​​skin panels 3 is the same, only the size and shape of the spliced ​​skin panels 3 in different parts are different. The manufacturing process of one spliced ​​skin panel 3 will be used as an example for explanation below.

[0045] In S300, multiple skin materials 31 are welded together to form a spliced ​​skin 3, including the following contents B1~B3.

[0046] B1: Place multiple pieces of skin material 31 on platform 4 according to the predetermined positions.

[0047] Figure 4An example of a spliced ​​skin 3 is shown, which is composed of five skin materials 31 spliced ​​together. Before welding, the multiple skin materials 31 are placed on the platform 4 as shown in the figure, with weld seams between adjacent skin materials 31.

[0048] In this embodiment of the invention, before welding the weld, a copper strip 41 is embedded in the platform 4 below the corresponding weld, the surface of the copper strip 41 being flush with the surface of the platform 4, so that the weld is located on the copper strip 41 when welding the weld.

[0049] like Figure 6 As shown, platform 4 has a groove in which a copper strip 41 can be embedded. The copper strip 41 can be a copper strip, which has a fast heat dissipation capacity. The copper strip is located below the weld seam. During welding, it can prevent the weld material from sticking to platform 4, while also accelerating heat dissipation, reducing welding deformation, and ensuring the stability of the weld.

[0050] In some embodiments, the thickness of the copper strip 41 (the dimension in the vertical Y direction) can be 6~8mm, and in addition to the two values ​​mentioned above, it can also be 6.5mm, 7mm or 7.5mm. The width of the copper strip 41 (the dimension in the direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the weld) can be 18~21mm, and in addition to the two values ​​mentioned above, it can also be 19mm or 20mm. Those skilled in the art can set it according to actual needs, and no special limitation is made here.

[0051] To ensure the stability of the skin material 31 during welding, pressure blocks (not shown in the figure) can be provided on adjacent skin materials 31. For example, the pressure block can be placed 50 mm from the end of the weld along the extension direction of the weld, so that the edge of the adjacent skin material 31 is in close contact with the platform 4. The pressure block can be a metal pressure block, and the center of the pressure block has a welding channel that exposes the weld, so that the pressure block presses on both sides of the weld. During welding, the weld can be welded through the welding channel, so the setting of the pressure block will not affect the welding of the weld.

[0052] B2: Obtain multiple welds between multiple skin materials 31.

[0053] Welds extending in the same direction and along the same straight line are considered as one weld, such as... Figure 4 The first weld 311 in the middle.

[0054] B3: Weld the welds in descending order of their lengths.

[0055] like Figure 4As shown, the multiple skin materials 31 have a first weld 311, a second weld 312, a third weld 313, and a fourth weld 314, with the lengths of the first weld 311, second weld 312, and third weld 313 decreasing sequentially, and the lengths of the third weld 313 and fourth weld 314 being the same. Therefore, the first weld 311 can be welded first, followed by the second weld 312, and finally the third weld 313 and fourth weld 314. Figure 4 The dashed arrows in the diagram indicate the welding direction.

[0056] When welding the seams, retain T-shaped welds of preset dimensions between multiple skin material pieces 31. (Continue to refer to...) Figure 4 When welding to the end of the weld, a certain length of weld is retained, and the weld between three adjacent skin materials 31 is T-shaped (e.g., Figure 4 (The portion circled by the dashed line). The preset dimensions are the length of each side of the T-shape. For example, the length of each side of the T-shape can be preset to approximately 80mm to 110mm. Besides the two values ​​mentioned above, it can also be 90mm, 95mm, 100mm, or 105mm, depending on the thickness and deformation of the skin material 31. No specific limitations are imposed here. The T-shaped weld can serve as a stress-relieving zone during the welding process, preventing deformation due to stress after welding.

[0057] After all the welds are welded, the T-shaped welds are welded to form the spliced ​​skin 3 from the skin material 31.

[0058] When welding seams, CMT (Cold Metal Transfer) welding process can be used to reduce heat input, avoid slag spatter, and use a welding carriage to increase welding speed and further reduce welding heat input.

[0059] After welding, weld material forms at the weld joint. This weld material has a certain height, which may cause unevenness on the surface of the spliced ​​skin 3. Therefore, the manufacturing process of this embodiment may further include: grinding the protruding weld material so that the protrusion height of the weld material is no more than 0.5 mm. For example, a belt grinder can be used to remove most of the protruding portion of the weld material, making the surface of the spliced ​​skin 3 smoother, improving the appearance quality, and further releasing residual stress in the weld area, thus improving the stability of the welding. Here, the protrusion height of the weld material can be understood as the height protruding from the surface of the spliced ​​skin 3.

[0060] The manufacturing process of this invention may further include mechanically rolling the spliced ​​skin 3 flat.

[0061] To further ensure the flatness of the spliced ​​skin 3, the polished spliced ​​skin 3 can be placed between multiple mechanical rollers to flatten it, thereby reducing the stress during welding of the spliced ​​skin 3 to the side wall frame 2 and improving welding stability.

[0062] S400: Assemble the side beam 1, side wall frame 2, and splicing skin 3 into the locomotive side wall.

[0063] Place the edge beam 1, side wall frame 2, and spliced ​​skin 3 on the platform 4 according to their assembly positions, and apply external restraints using tooling. That is, fix the edge beam 1, side wall frame 2, and spliced ​​skin 3 after placing them in the predetermined positions to prevent loosening and misalignment during the welding process.

[0064] Welding a side beam 1 to one side of the side wall frame 2 includes welding simultaneously from the middle of the side beam 1 and the side wall frame 2 to both sides in the horizontal direction X. Both the side beam 1 and the crossbeam 212 extend in the horizontal direction X.

[0065] like Figure 5 As shown, when welding the side beam 1, two welders can simultaneously weld from the middle of the side beam 1 along the horizontal direction X to both sides, that is, symmetrical welding is adopted. This can release residual stress while welding, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the welding.

[0066] like Figure 5 As shown, when welding the side beam 1, the side beam 1 is welded to the longitudinal beam 211 of the side wall frame 2 and the corresponding part of the spliced ​​skin 3, so as to make the side beam 1 stably connected with the side wall frame 2 and the spliced ​​skin 3, and ensure the strength of the locomotive side wall.

[0067] The welding of the spliced ​​skin 3 and the side wall frame 2 includes: welding simultaneously from the middle of the spliced ​​skin 3 and the side wall frame 2 to both sides in the horizontal direction X, and welding from one side of the side wall frame 2 used for welding the edge beam 1 to the opposite side in the vertical direction Y.

[0068] When welding the spliced ​​skin 3 and the side wall frame 2, two welders can simultaneously weld from the middle of the spliced ​​skin 3 along the horizontal direction X to both sides, that is, symmetrical welding is adopted. This can release residual stress while welding, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the welding.

[0069] like Figure 5As shown, the splicing skin 3 is welded to the bent plate 213 of the crossbeam 212 and the toothed portion of the longitudinal beam 211, respectively. When welding the splicing skin 3 and the longitudinal beam 211 of the side wall frame 2, the welding sequence for the longitudinal beam 211 is as follows: after welding the current longitudinal beam 211, skip at least one longitudinal beam containing an unwelded longitudinal beam 211 and weld it, then re-weld the skipped unwelded longitudinal beam 211, until all longitudinal beams 211 are welded. When welding the splicing skin 3 and the crossbeam 212 of the side wall frame 2, the welding sequence for the crossbeam 212 is as follows: after welding the current crossbeam 212, skip at least one crossbeam containing an unwelded crossbeam 212 and weld it, then re-weld the skipped unwelded crossbeam 212, until all crossbeams 212 are welded.

[0070] In other words, a combination of skip welding and reflow welding is used to weld the spliced ​​skin 3, crossbeam 212, and longitudinal beam 211. An example is given below. Figure 7 As shown, welding proceeds from the middle of the side wall frame 2 (dashed line in the figure) outwards to both sides. Taking seven longitudinal beams on each side as an example, the number above each longitudinal beam indicates the welding sequence. First, weld the first longitudinal beam 2111 (the current longitudinal beam), skip the second longitudinal beam 2112, weld the third longitudinal beam 2113, then return to weld the skipped second longitudinal beam 2112, then skip the already welded third longitudinal beam 2113 and the unwelded fourth longitudinal beam 2114, weld the fifth longitudinal beam 2115, then return to weld the fourth longitudinal beam 2114, then skip the already welded fifth longitudinal beam 2115 and the unwelded sixth longitudinal beam 2116, weld the seventh longitudinal beam 2117, then return to weld the sixth longitudinal beam 2116, and so on until all longitudinal beams 211 are welded.

[0071] In this embodiment of the invention, a combination of symmetrical welding, skip welding, and back welding is used to weld the spliced ​​skin 3 and the longitudinal beam 211, which can significantly reduce deformation.

[0072] When welding the spliced ​​skin 3 to the crossbeam 212, the welding proceeds from one side of the side beam 1 to the other, meaning that the crossbeam 212 is not welded symmetrically. However, the welding method for the crossbeam 212 is the same as that for the longitudinal beam 211, both using a combination of skip welding and back welding, which will not be elaborated here.

[0073] In this embodiment of the invention, when welding the spliced ​​skin 3 and the side wall frame 2, the welding is carried out step by step in the horizontal direction X, taking the frame block 21 as a unit. That is, after welding the longitudinal beam 211 and the transverse beam 212 of a frame block 21, the next frame block 21 is welded to both sides, which can further reduce deformation.

[0074] When welding the crossbeam 212 and the spliced ​​skin 3, since the bent plate 213 of the crossbeam 212 is welded to the spliced ​​skin 3, the bent plate 213 can be welded in an intermittent manner, which can release stress and further reduce the amount of deformation.

[0075] In this embodiment of the invention, a modular approach is adopted. By welding multiple segments of the side beam 11 into a single side beam 1, the straightness of the side beam 1 can be improved. By first forming multiple hollow skeleton blocks 21 and then assembling the skeleton blocks 21 into the side wall skeleton 2, the deformation of the side wall skeleton 2 can be reduced. By welding multiple pieces of skin material 31 into multiple spliced ​​skins 3, the spliced ​​skins 3 can be assembled with the side wall skeleton 2 in sections, further reducing the deformation of the spliced ​​skins 3. In addition, by applying external restraints during welding and using symmetrical welding, skip welding, and re-welding, deformation can be significantly reduced. After welding the spliced ​​skins 3, grinding and flattening the spliced ​​skins 3 further improves their flatness, allowing the flatness of the final side wall skeleton 2 to be controlled within 1 mm / m. 2 Within this range, ensure the smooth installation of the side walls.

[0076] This invention also provides a locomotive sidewall, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the locomotive sidewall includes a side beam 1, a sidewall frame 2, and a spliced ​​skin 3. The locomotive sidewall is manufactured using the process described in any of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0077] refer to Figure 8 The diagram illustrates the installation of the locomotive sidewall onto the locomotive. The locomotive sidewall manufactured using the process described in the above embodiments significantly reduces deformation, ensures flatness, guarantees successful installation onto the locomotive, improves the sidewall's strength, and extends its service life.

[0078] It should be understood that the application of this invention is not limited to the detailed structure and arrangement of the components presented in this specification. The invention can have other embodiments and can be implemented and performed in various ways. The foregoing variations and modifications fall within the scope of this invention. It should be understood that the invention disclosed and defined in this specification extends to all alternative combinations of two or more individual features mentioned or apparent in the text and / or drawings. All these different combinations constitute multiple alternative aspects of the invention. The embodiments described in this specification illustrate the best known mode for carrying out the invention and will enable those skilled in the art to adopt the invention.

Claims

1. A manufacturing process for a locomotive sidewall, characterized in that, include: Provide multiple segments of edge beams and weld the multiple segments of edge beams into a single edge beam; Provide multiple hollowed-out skeleton blocks, and assemble the multiple hollowed-out skeleton blocks into a side wall skeleton; Provide multiple skin materials and weld the multiple skin materials into multiple spliced ​​skins; Assembling the side beam, the side wall frame, and the spliced ​​skin into a locomotive side wall includes: welding the spliced ​​skin to the side wall frame; When welding the spliced ​​skin to the side wall frame, the welding is carried out step by step in the horizontal direction, taking the frame block as a unit. The frame block includes multiple horizontal beams spaced apart in the vertical direction and multiple vertical beams spaced apart in the horizontal direction. The multiple horizontal beams are perpendicularly connected to the multiple vertical beams. When welding the longitudinal beams of the splicing skin and the side wall frame, the welding sequence of the longitudinal beams is as follows: after welding the current longitudinal beam, skip at least one longitudinal beam containing one unwelded longitudinal beam and weld it, and then re-weld the skipped unwelded longitudinal beam until all the longitudinal beams are welded. When welding the horizontal beams of the splicing skin and the side wall frame, the welding sequence of the horizontal beams is as follows: after welding the current horizontal beam, skip at least one horizontal beam containing one unwelded horizontal beam and weld it, and then re-weld the skipped unwelded horizontal beam until all the horizontal beams are welded.

2. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that, Welding the multiple sub-beam segments into a single edge beam includes: The multiple sub-beam segments are straightened; The straightened sub-beams are welded together to form a single edge beam; The entire edge beam is straightened again to ensure that the straightness of the edge beam is less than 1 mm / m.

3. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The skeleton block includes multiple horizontal beams spaced apart in the vertical direction and multiple vertical beams spaced apart in the horizontal direction, with the multiple horizontal beams and the multiple vertical beams perpendicularly intersecting each other. Assemble the plurality of hollowed-out skeleton blocks into a sidewall skeleton, including: Straighten the crossbeams and longitudinal beams of each hollowed-out skeleton block; External constraints are applied to each of the hollowed-out skeleton blocks, and the hollowed-out skeleton blocks are welded into a side wall skeleton. Place the sidewall frame on the platform and level the side of the sidewall frame that is in contact with the splicing skin.

4. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that, Providing multiple skin materials and welding the multiple skin materials into a spliced ​​skin, including: The multiple pieces of skin material are placed on the platform according to predetermined positions; Multiple welds are obtained between the multiple skin materials; The welds are welded in descending order of their lengths.

5. The process according to claim 4, characterized in that, When welding the weld seam, retain the T-shaped weld seam with a preset size between the multiple skin materials; After the weld seam is welded, the T-shaped weld seam is then welded.

6. The process according to claim 4, characterized in that, Before welding the weld, the method further includes embedding a copper strip in the platform below the weld, the surface of the copper strip being flush with the surface of the platform, so that when welding the weld, the weld is located on the copper strip.

7. The process according to claim 4, characterized in that, After welding the weld seam, the following steps are also included: After welding the weld seam, weld seam material is formed. The protruding weld seam material is ground so that the protrusion height of the weld seam material is no more than 0.5 mm. The spliced ​​skin is then mechanically rolled flat.

8. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Assemble the side beams, the side wall frame, and the spliced ​​skin into a locomotive side wall, including: Welding the side beam to one side of the side wall frame includes: welding simultaneously from the middle of the side beam and the side wall frame to both sides in the horizontal direction, wherein the side beam extends along the horizontal direction; Welding the spliced ​​skin to the side wall frame includes: in the horizontal direction, welding simultaneously from the middle of the spliced ​​skin and the side wall frame to both sides; and in the vertical direction, welding from one side of the side wall frame used for welding the edge beam to the opposite side.

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