Support formwork, underground defense space structure and construction technology

Abstract

This application provides a support template and an underground defensive space structure formed by using the support template, as well as a construction process. The support template includes a template body and a fixing component mounted on the template body. The template body can be in the shape of an arc-shaped panel or a rectangular panel. The fixing component includes an inner tube and an outer tube sleeved on the inner tube, which can move axially relative to the inner tube. One end of the inner tube is fixed to the template body, and the end of the outer tube away from the template body is a cone. Several through holes are spaced around the outer wall of the outer tube near the cone. Insert plates are slidably installed in the through holes in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the outer tube. The insert plates are connected to the inner wall of the outer tube through elastic elements, so that they can switch between two states: extended and retracted. A drive screw is threaded inside the inner tube. The drive screw is used to compress the elastic elements, thereby causing the insert plates to extend out of the outer tube. The support template can be quickly and stably connected to the pit wall and is suitable for constructing a support structure for temporary underground defensive spaces in the field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of building engineering technology, and in particular to a support formwork and an underground defensive space structure and construction technology using the support formwork to form a support structure. Background Technology

[0002] As the international situation becomes increasingly severe, the potential for war is also increasing. In modern warfare, air strikes are the most effective and common means of attack. In order to defend against enemy air attacks, underground fortifications such as air-raid shelters and tunnels are usually built. There are underground fortifications built in advance at the front-line positions, and temporary construction is also required as needed. Therefore, it is necessary to design underground defense spaces that can be built quickly.

[0003] In the construction of underground defensive spaces, a foundation pit is first excavated, and then a support structure is added inside the pit to prevent collapse. Temporary underground defensive spaces are usually small, and due to the tight construction schedule, it is not possible to use cast-in-place concrete to form the support structure. Therefore, precast formwork splicing is used. Existing precast support formwork is mostly used in ordinary underground projects. Its connection with the foundation pit wall soil is relatively cumbersome and the connection is not very stable. It is not suitable as the formwork for the support structure of underground defensive spaces that are temporarily and urgently constructed on the battlefield and will be subject to the impact of artillery shells. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, one objective of this application is to provide a support template that can be quickly and stably connected to the foundation pit wall on the battlefield, and another objective of this application is to provide an underground defense space structure and construction process that can be quickly constructed using the support template.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A support template includes: a template body, which may have at least two shapes, namely an arc-shaped panel and a rectangular panel; a fixing assembly, including an inner tube and an outer tube sleeved on the outer wall of the inner tube and axially movable relative to the inner tube, one end of the inner tube being fixedly connected to the template body, and a cone being provided at the end of the outer tube away from the template body, the tip of the cone facing away from the template body; a plurality of through holes are spaced apart around the outer peripheral wall of the outer tube near the cone, and insert plates are slidably installed on the through holes in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the outer tube, the insert plates being connected to the inner wall of the outer tube through an elastic element so that the insert plates can switch between two states of extending out of and retracting into the outer tube; a drive screw is threadedly connected inside the inner tube, the drive screw being used to compress the elastic element so that the insert plates extend out of the outer tube.

[0007] Furthermore, the two opposite ends of the insert plate in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the outer tube are respectively the first end and the second end. The first end is used to insert into the wall of the pit, and the second end is used to connect to the elastic element. The first end is pointed and the second end is hooked.

[0008] Furthermore, the end of the drive screw facing the cone is tapered.

[0009] Furthermore, an L-shaped groove is provided on the outer tube, the long section of the L-shaped groove is parallel to the axial direction of the outer tube, and the bend section of the L-shaped groove is located at the end of the outer tube closer to the template body. A locking block is provided on the outer wall surface of the inner tube away from the template body, and the locking block passes through the L-shaped groove.

[0010] Furthermore, a first slot is provided on one of the upper and lower end faces of the template body, and a first plug-in block matching the first slot is provided on the other end face. The first slot and the first plug-in block correspond to each other in the vertical direction.

[0011] Furthermore, a second plug-in block is provided on one of the left and right sides of the template body, and a second slot matching the second plug-in block is provided on the other side, with the second plug-in block and the second slot corresponding to each other in the horizontal direction.

[0012] Furthermore, when the template body is a rectangular panel, the inner tube is fixedly connected to the middle of the back of the rectangular panel and is perpendicular to the rectangular panel; when the template body is an arc-shaped panel, the inner tube is fixedly connected to the middle of the back of the arc-shaped panel and is perpendicular to the tangent plane of the middle, and the back of the rectangular panel or the arc-shaped panel faces the pit wall.

[0013] An underground defense space structure includes a foundation pit and a support structure for the foundation pit. The support structure includes a plurality of support templates as described above, which are spliced ​​together. Any one of the support templates is connected to the wall of the foundation pit through the fixing component.

[0014] Furthermore, the foundation pit includes a circular well-shaped foundation pit and an arch-shaped foundation pit, with the lower end of the circular well-shaped foundation pit connected to the arch-shaped foundation pit; the support structure of the circular well-shaped foundation pit is vertically spliced ​​from several sections of circular tubular support frames, each section of circular tubular support frame being spliced ​​from multiple support templates with arc-shaped panels as the main body; the support structure of the arch-shaped foundation pit is horizontally spliced ​​from several sections of arch-shaped support frames, with the two vertical sides of each arch-shaped support frame being vertically spliced ​​from multiple support templates with rectangular panels as the main body, and the top edge of each arch-shaped support frame being spliced ​​from multiple support templates with arc-shaped panels as the main body.

[0015] A construction process suitable for the underground defense space structure includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. Excavate the foundation pit, and spray mud onto the perimeter wall of the foundation pit during excavation;

[0017] S2. Construct the support structure from the innermost part of the foundation pit towards the pit outlet. When installing the support template, first align the position, then use the pushing device to move the outer tube axially relative to the inner tube and insert it into the wall of the foundation pit. Then, rotate the drive screw to move it closer to the conical end of the outer tube. The drive screw presses against the elastic element, and the insert plate extends out of the outer tube and inserts into the soil.

[0018] S3. Fill the gap between the support template and the foundation pit wall with cement grout, and fill the connection between adjacent support templates with cement grout.

[0019] The support formwork of this application includes a formwork body and fixing components mounted on the formwork body for connecting the foundation pit wall. The formwork body is prefabricated into an arc-shaped panel, a rectangular panel, or other shapes. The arc-shaped panel is suitable for splicing to form the top of a circular tube-shaped support structure or an arch-shaped support structure, etc., while the rectangular panel is suitable for splicing to form a planar wall. These are commonly used support structures that can be constructed quickly. The fixing components include an inner tube and an outer tube sleeved on the inner tube and axially movable relative to the inner tube. The end of the outer tube is a cone, and a plate is slidably mounted on the outer tube. The plate is connected to the inner wall of the outer tube through an elastic element, thus allowing it to extend or retract from the outer tube. The system switches between states, and the drive screw connected by the internal thread of the inner tube compresses the elastic element, causing the insert plate to extend out of the outer tube. By driving the outer tube to move axially relative to the inner tube, the outer tube can be inserted into the pit wall, thereby fixing the support template. The tapered end of the outer tube makes it easier to insert. After the outer tube is inserted into the pit wall, rotating the drive screw brings it closer to the tapered tube, compressing the elastic element. As a result, the insert plate extends out of the outer tube and inserts into the soil, making the support template more secure and less prone to loosening. This type of support template can be quickly and securely connected to the pit wall, making it suitable for constructing support structures for temporary underground defensive spaces in the field.

[0020] The underground defensive space structure constructed using the aforementioned support template in this application features a foundation pit designed as a circular well-shaped pit and an arch-shaped pit. The support structure of the circular well-shaped pit is vertically spliced ​​from several sections of circular tubular support frames. Each section of the circular tubular support frame is spliced ​​from multiple support templates with arc-shaped panels as the main body. The support structure of the arch-shaped pit is horizontally spliced ​​from several sections of arch-shaped support frames. The two vertical sides of each arch-shaped support frame are vertically spliced ​​from multiple support templates with rectangular panels as the main body. The top edge of each arch-shaped support frame is spliced ​​from multiple support templates with arc-shaped panels as the main body. Each support template is connected to the pit wall through a fixing component. Then, the joints between adjacent support templates and the gaps between the support templates and the pit wall are filled with cement grout, thus making the underground defensive space structure stable, practical, and easy and quick to construct. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the underground defense space structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the support structure for the underground defense space structure shown.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the support template from one perspective according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the support template from another perspective according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional structural diagram of the fixing components in the support template is shown.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0028] 10. Template body; 11. First slot; 12. First insertion block; 13. Second insertion block; 14. Second slot; 20. Fixing component; 21. Inner tube; 211. Locking block; 22. Outer tube; 221. Conical cylinder; 222. Through hole; 223. L-shaped groove; 23. Insert plate; 24. Elastic element; 25. Drive screw; 311. Circular well-shaped foundation pit; 312. Arch-shaped foundation pit; 32. Support structure; 321. Circular tubular support frame; 322. Arch-shaped support frame. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. This application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0030] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0031] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0032] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0033] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0034] refer to Figure 3 This application provides a support template, including a template body 10 and a fixing component 20 disposed on the back of the template body 10. When the template body 10 is spliced ​​to form a support structure, the back of the template body 10 faces the foundation pit wall, and the foundation pit wall is fixedly connected by the fixing component 20.

[0035] The template body 10 can be prefabricated into an arc-shaped panel, a rectangular panel, or other shapes. The central angle corresponding to the arc-shaped panel is preferably 60° or 90°. The fixing component 20 includes an inner tube 21 and an outer tube 22 sleeved on the outer wall of the inner tube 21 and axially movable relative to the inner tube 21. One end of the inner tube 21 is fixedly connected to the template body 10. A cone 221 is provided at the end of the outer tube 22 away from the template body 10, and the tip of the cone 221 faces away from the template body 10. The outer tube 22 surrounds the outer peripheral wall near the cone 221. A plurality of through holes 222 are provided at intervals. Insert plates 23 are slidably installed on the through holes 222 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the outer tube 22. The insert plates 23 are connected to the inner wall of the outer tube 22 through elastic members 24. In the natural state of the elastic members 24, the insert plates 23 are retracted into the outer tube 22. When the elastic members 24 are pressed against the wall of the outer tube 22, the insert plates 23 can extend out of the outer tube 22. A drive screw 25 is threadedly connected inside the inner tube 21. The drive screw 25 is used to press the elastic members 24 so that the insert plates 23 extend out of the outer tube 22.

[0036] The above technical solution includes a support template 10 and a fixing component 20 mounted on the template 10 for connecting the foundation pit wall. The template 10 is prefabricated into an arc-shaped panel, a rectangular panel, or other shapes. The arc-shaped panel is suitable for splicing to form the top of a circular tube support structure or an arch support structure, while the rectangular panel is suitable for splicing to form a planar wall. These are commonly used support structures that can be constructed quickly. The fixing component 20 includes an inner tube 21 and an outer tube 22 sleeved on the inner tube 21 and axially movable relative to the inner tube 21. The end of the outer tube 22 is a tapered cylinder 221, and an insert plate 23 is slidably mounted on the outer tube 22. The insert plate 23 is connected to the inner wall of the outer tube 22 through an elastic element 24, so that it can extend or retract from the outer tube 22. During the switching process, the drive screw 25, connected by the internal thread of the inner tube 21, compresses the elastic element 24, and the insert plate 23 extends out of the outer tube 22. By driving the outer tube 22 to move axially relative to the inner tube 21, the outer tube 22 can be inserted into the pit wall, thereby fixing the support template. The end of the outer tube 22 is a cone 221, which makes it easier to insert. After the outer tube 22 is inserted into the pit wall, the drive screw 25 is rotated to move the drive screw 25 closer to the cone 221, which can compress the elastic element 24. Then the insert plate 23 extends out of the outer tube 22 and is inserted into the soil, making the support template more stable and less prone to loosening. The support template set in this way can be quickly and stably connected to the pit wall, and is suitable for the construction of support structure 32 for temporary underground defense space in the battlefield.

[0037] Specifically, when the template body 10 is a rectangular panel, the inner tube 21 is fixedly connected to the middle of the back of the rectangular panel and is perpendicular to the rectangular panel; when the template body 10 is an arc-shaped panel, the inner tube 21 is fixedly connected to the middle of the back of the arc-shaped panel and is perpendicular to the tangent plane of the middle.

[0038] Preferred, Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 The two opposite ends of the insert plate 23 in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the outer tube 22 are the first end and the second end, respectively. The first end is used to insert into the wall of the pit, and the second end is used to connect to the elastic element 24. The first end is pointed and the second end is hooked. The elastic element 24 is a spring. The end of the drive screw 25 facing the cone cylinder 221 is tapered.

[0039] It is understandable that the first end is pointed to reduce the resistance when inserted into the soil, and the second end is hook-shaped to facilitate the installation of the elastic element 24 and to serve as the contact end with the drive screw 25. The end of the drive screw 25 is tapered to facilitate the drive screw 25 passing through the hole formed by the second ends of several insert plates 23.

[0040] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3An L-shaped groove 223 is provided on the outer tube 22. The long section of the L-shaped groove 223 is parallel to the axial direction of the outer tube 22. The angled section of the L-shaped groove 223 is located at the end of the outer tube 22 near the template body 10. A locking block 211 is provided on the outer wall surface of the inner tube 21 away from the template body 10. The locking block 211 passes through the L-shaped groove 223. The outer tube 22 can rotate circumferentially relative to the inner tube 21.

[0041] At this time, after the outer tube 22 is driven to move axially relative to the inner tube 21 and inserted into the pit wall, the outer tube 22 is rotated first so that the locking block 211 is located in the bend section of the L-shaped groove 223, and then the drive screw 25 is rotated to insert the insertion plate 23 into the soil. This can prevent the outer tube 22 from retracting and further ensure that the connection between the outer tube 22 and the pit wall is stable.

[0042] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 A first slot 11 is provided on one of the upper and lower end faces of the template body 10, and a first insertion block 12 matching the first slot 11 is provided on the other end face. The first slot 11 and the first insertion block 12 are vertically aligned. With this arrangement, another support template can be spliced ​​on both the upper and lower ends of the support template.

[0043] Preferably, the first slot 11 is a circular groove, and the first insertion block 12 is a reinforcing bar. The circular groove has a certain depth, and the reinforcing bar is inserted into the circular groove until it reaches the bottom. Multiple sets of the circular groove and the reinforcing bar can be set on a support formwork. The cooperation between the reinforcing bar and the circular groove is used for both the upper and lower positioning and splicing of the support formwork, and also to enhance the strength of the formwork body 10.

[0044] In other embodiments, reference is made to Figure 4 A second insertion block 13 is provided on one of the left and right sides of the template body 10, and a second slot 14 matching the second insertion block 13 is provided on the other side. The second insertion block 13 and the second slot 14 correspond to each other in the horizontal direction. With this configuration, another support template can be spliced ​​to either the left or right side of the support template.

[0045] Preferably, the second slot 14 is a dovetail groove, and the second insertion block 13 is a dovetail block. Multiple sets of the dovetail groove and the dovetail block can be set on a support template. The left and right positioning splicing of the support template adopts the form of dovetail groove and dovetail block cooperation, which makes the splicing stable and not easy to shift.

[0046] This application also provides an underground defense space structure, which includes a foundation pit and a support structure 32 for the foundation pit. The support structure 32 includes support templates as described above. Several support templates are spliced ​​together, and any one of the support templates is connected to the wall of the foundation pit through the fixing component 20.

[0047] Further, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The foundation pit includes a circular well-shaped foundation pit 311 and an arch-shaped foundation pit 312. The lower end of the circular well-shaped foundation pit 311 is connected to the arch-shaped foundation pit 312. The support structure of the circular well-shaped foundation pit 311 is vertically spliced ​​from several sections of circular tubular support frames 321. Each section of circular tubular support frame 321 is spliced ​​from multiple support templates with arc-shaped panels of template bodies 10. The support structure of the arch-shaped foundation pit 312 is horizontally spliced ​​from several sections of arch-shaped support frames 322. The two vertical sides of each section of arch-shaped support frame 322 are vertically spliced ​​from multiple support templates with rectangular panels of template bodies 10. The top side of each section of arch-shaped support frame 322 is spliced ​​from multiple support templates with arc-shaped panels of template bodies 10.

[0048] This application also provides a construction process suitable for the aforementioned underground defense space structure, including the following steps:

[0049] S1. Excavate the foundation pit, and spray mud onto the perimeter wall of the foundation pit during excavation;

[0050] Specifically, first excavate a circular well-shaped foundation pit 311. After the depth of the circular well-shaped foundation pit 311 reaches the required level, then excavate an arch-shaped foundation pit 312 horizontally. During the excavation process, spray mud onto the perimeter wall of the foundation pit.

[0051] S2. Construct the support structure 32 from the innermost part of the foundation pit towards the pit outlet. When installing the support template, first align the position, then use the pushing device to move the outer tube 22 axially relative to the inner tube 21 and insert it into the wall of the foundation pit. Then, rotate the drive screw 25 to move it closer to the cone 221 end of the outer tube 22. The drive screw 25 presses against the elastic member 24, and the insert plate 23 extends out of the outer tube 22 and inserts into the soil.

[0052] Specifically, the support structure of the arch-shaped foundation pit 312 is first assembled, and then assembled to form the support structure of the circular well-shaped foundation pit 311. When assembling the support structure of the arch-shaped foundation pit 312, two support templates with arc-shaped panels and corresponding central angles of 90° are spliced ​​left and right to form the top edge of the arch-shaped support frame 322. Then, multiple support templates with rectangular panels of templates 10 are spliced ​​from top to bottom to form the vertical side of the arch-shaped support frame 322. The required number of templates 10 is predetermined. Several arch-shaped support frames 322 are set from the inside to the outside of the arch-shaped foundation pit 312. When assembling the support structure of the circular well-shaped foundation pit 311, four support templates with arc-shaped panels and corresponding central angles of 90° are spliced ​​left and right to form a circular tube support frame 321. Several circular tube support frames 321 are set from bottom to top of the circular well-shaped foundation pit 311.

[0053] When assembling each support template, the fixing component 20 connects to the foundation pit wall. First, the outer tube 22 is moved axially relative to the inner tube 21 by the pushing device and inserted into the foundation pit wall. Then, the outer tube 22 is rotated so that the locking block 211 is located in the bend section of the L-shaped groove 223. Then, the drive screw 25 is rotated so that the insert plate 23 is inserted into the soil.

[0054] S3. Fill the gap between the support template and the foundation pit wall with cement grout, and fill the connection between adjacent support templates with cement grout.

[0055] Specifically, after each arch-shaped support frame 322 is installed, cement grout is poured into the L-shaped groove 223. Then, cement grout is filled into the gap between the support template and the foundation pit wall. Cement grout or waterproof coating is filled into the connection between adjacent support templates. This can further improve the compressive strength of the underground defense space and enhance the strength and sealing of the support structure 32.

[0056] The underground defensive space structure constructed using the aforementioned support template in this application has a foundation pit designed as a circular well-shaped foundation pit 311 and an arch-shaped foundation pit 312. The support structure of the circular well-shaped foundation pit 311 is vertically spliced ​​from several sections of circular tubular support frames 321. Each section of circular tubular support frame 321 is spliced ​​from multiple support templates with arc-shaped panels of template bodies 10. The support structure of the arch-shaped foundation pit 312 is horizontally spliced ​​from several sections of arch-shaped support frames 322. The two vertical sides of each section of arch-shaped support frame 322 are vertically spliced ​​from multiple support templates with rectangular panels of template bodies 10. The top edge of each section of arch-shaped support frame 322 is spliced ​​from multiple support templates with arc-shaped panels of template bodies 10. Each support template is connected to the foundation pit wall through a fixing component 20. Then, the joints between adjacent support templates and the gaps between the support templates and the foundation pit wall are filled with cement grout, thus making the underground defensive space structure stable, practical, and easy and quick to construct.

[0057] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0058] The embodiments described above merely illustrate several implementation methods of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An underground defense space structure, characterized in that, The project includes a foundation pit and its support structure. The support structure comprises several support templates, which are assembled together. The support templates include: The template body has at least two shapes, namely an arc-shaped panel and a rectangular panel; A fixing assembly includes an inner tube and an outer tube sleeved on the outer wall of the inner tube, which is axially movable relative to the inner tube. One end of the inner tube is fixedly connected to the template body. A cone is provided at the end of the outer tube away from the template body, with the tip of the cone facing away from the template body. Several through holes are spaced apart around the outer peripheral wall of the outer tube near the cone. Insert plates are slidably installed on the through holes in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the outer tube. The insert plates are connected to the inner wall of the outer tube through an elastic element, so that the insert plates can switch between extending and retracting into the outer tube. A drive screw is threaded inside the inner tube, and the drive screw is used to squeeze the elastic element to extend the insert plates out of the outer tube. An L-shaped groove is provided on the outer tube. The long section of the L-shaped groove is parallel to the axial direction of the outer tube. The bend of the L-shaped groove is located at the end of the outer tube closer to the template body. A locking block is provided on the outer wall surface of the inner tube away from the template body. The locking block passes through the L-shaped groove. Any of the aforementioned support templates is connected to the wall of the foundation pit via the fixing component; A first slot is provided on one of the upper and lower end faces of the template body, and a first insertion block that matches the first slot is provided on the other end face. The first slot and the first insertion block correspond to each other in the vertical direction. A second plug-in block is provided on one of the left and right sides of the template body, and a second slot that matches the second plug-in block is provided on the other side. The second plug-in block and the second slot correspond to each other in the horizontal direction. The foundation pit includes a circular well-shaped foundation pit and an arch-shaped foundation pit, with the lower end of the circular well-shaped foundation pit connected to the arch-shaped foundation pit. The support structure of the circular well-shaped foundation pit is vertically spliced ​​from several sections of circular tubular support frames, and each section of circular tubular support frame is spliced ​​from multiple support templates with arc-shaped panels as the main body. The support structure of the arch-shaped foundation pit is horizontally spliced ​​from several sections of arch-shaped support frames, with the two vertical sides of each section of arch-shaped support frame being vertically spliced ​​from multiple support templates with rectangular panels as the main body, and the top edge of each section of arch-shaped support frame being spliced ​​from multiple support templates with arc-shaped panels as the main body.

2. The underground defense space structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two opposite ends of the insert plate in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the outer tube are a first end and a second end, respectively. The first end is used to insert into the wall of the pit, and the second end is used to connect to the elastic element. The first end is pointed and the second end is hooked.

3. The underground defense space structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the drive screw facing the cone is tapered.

4. The underground defense space structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the template body is a rectangular panel, the inner tube is fixedly connected to the middle of the back of the rectangular panel and is perpendicular to the rectangular panel; when the template body is an arc-shaped panel, the inner tube is fixedly connected to the middle of the back of the arc-shaped panel and is perpendicular to the tangent plane of the middle, and the back of the rectangular panel or the arc-shaped panel faces the pit wall.

5. A construction process applicable to the underground defensive space structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Excavate the foundation pit, and spray mud onto the perimeter wall of the foundation pit during excavation; S2. Construct the support structure from the innermost part of the foundation pit towards the pit outlet. When installing the support template, first align the position, then use the pushing device to move the outer tube axially relative to the inner tube and insert it into the wall of the foundation pit. Then, rotate the drive screw to move it closer to the conical end of the outer tube. The drive screw presses against the elastic element, and the insert plate extends out of the outer tube and inserts into the soil. S3. Fill the gap between the support template and the foundation pit wall with cement grout, and fill the connection between adjacent support templates with cement grout.

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