A co-aperture ultra-wideband directional dual-polarized antenna

Abstract

The application discloses a common-aperture ultra-wideband directional dual-polarized antenna and relates to the technical field of antennas. The common-aperture ultra-wideband directional dual-polarized antenna comprises a mounting bottom plate, the mounting bottom plate is provided with high-frequency antenna units and low-frequency antenna units arranged at intervals, the projections of the high-frequency antenna units and the low-frequency antenna units on the mounting bottom plate are L-shaped or V-shaped, the high-frequency antenna units are convex in a direction away from the low-frequency antenna units, and the low-frequency antenna units are convex in a direction away from the high-frequency antenna units. The diagonal distribution structure formed by the high-frequency antenna units and the low-frequency antenna units on the mounting bottom plate is utilized to realize decoupling, the mutual coupling influence between the high-frequency antenna units and the low-frequency antenna units is reduced, the directional pattern is prevented from being deformed, and the standing wave is less than or equal to 3 in the L, S, C, X and Ku frequency band ranges and the directional pattern characteristics are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, specifically to a common aperture ultrawideband directional dual-polarized antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of communication technology, more and more communication systems are demanding the simultaneous directional transmission and reception of dual-polarized electromagnetic waves in the L, S, C, X, and Ku frequency bands. This requires antennas to achieve dual-polarized directional radiation characteristics within this wide frequency range (L~Ku: 1~18GHz). Furthermore, since modern communication systems often feature integration and miniaturization, antennas must be miniaturized and lightweight.

[0003] Due to limitations in antenna technology, a single antenna cannot simultaneously meet the requirements for directional transmission and reception of dual-polarized electromagnetic waves in the L-Ku band in terms of standing wave ratio and radiation pattern. Simply placing multiple antennas side-by-side at a long distance inevitably leads to wasted space and increased weight, making it impossible to achieve antenna miniaturization and weight reduction. Conversely, simply placing multiple antennas side-by-side at a close distance will affect the antenna radiation pattern characteristics due to antenna mutual coupling, resulting in distorted radiation patterns, which is unacceptable for systems requiring directional antenna radiation patterns. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a common aperture ultrawideband directional dual-polarized antenna that solves the problems of not being able to achieve miniaturization and weight reduction by simply arranging multiple antennas side by side at a long distance, and the radiation pattern distortion caused by antenna mutual coupling when arranging multiple antennas side by side at a short distance.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this application to solve its technical problem is: a common aperture ultra-wideband directional dual-polarized antenna, including a mounting base plate, wherein the mounting base plate has high-frequency antenna elements and low-frequency antenna elements arranged at intervals; the projections of the high-frequency antenna elements and the low-frequency antenna elements on the mounting base plate are both L-shaped or V-shaped, the high-frequency antenna elements protrude in a direction away from the low-frequency antenna elements, and the low-frequency antenna elements protrude in a direction away from the high-frequency antenna elements.

[0006] Furthermore, the high-frequency antenna unit includes a high-frequency horizontally polarized antenna and a high-frequency vertically polarized antenna arranged perpendicular to the mounting base plate; the high-frequency horizontally polarized antenna and the high-frequency vertically polarized antenna are connected and form an angle; the low-frequency antenna unit includes a low-frequency horizontally polarized antenna and a low-frequency vertically polarized antenna arranged perpendicular to the mounting base plate; the low-frequency horizontally polarized antenna and the low-frequency vertically polarized antenna are connected and form an angle.

[0007] Furthermore, the high-frequency horizontally polarized antenna is parallel to the low-frequency horizontally polarized antenna; the high-frequency vertically polarized antenna is parallel to the low-frequency vertically polarized antenna.

[0008] Furthermore, one end of the high-frequency antenna unit and the low-frequency antenna unit respectively extends from the first side of the mounting base plate through the mounting base plate to the second side of the mounting base plate; on the second side of the mounting base plate, the mounting base plate is connected to the high-frequency antenna unit and the low-frequency antenna unit respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, the mounting base plate is connected to the high-frequency antenna unit and the low-frequency antenna unit respectively through two sets of L-shaped connecting plates.

[0010] Furthermore, the L-shaped connecting plate is connected to the mounting base plate, the high-frequency antenna unit, and the low-frequency antenna unit respectively by screws.

[0011] Furthermore, the high-frequency antenna unit is provided with a high-frequency antenna positioning structure for cooperating with the surface of the mounting base plate, and the low-frequency antenna unit is provided with a low-frequency antenna positioning structure for cooperating with the surface of the mounting base plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the mounting base plate is sealed with adhesive at the location where the high-frequency antenna unit and the low-frequency antenna unit pass through.

[0013] Furthermore, two sets of radio frequency (RF) sockets are respectively provided on the second side of the mounting base plate, and the inner cores of the two sets of RF sockets are respectively connected to the microstrip lines of the high-frequency antenna unit and the low-frequency antenna unit.

[0014] Furthermore, both the high-frequency antenna unit and the low-frequency antenna unit are made of printed circuit board substrate, and the mounting base plate is made of aluminum or stainless steel.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0016] The common-aperture ultra-wideband directional dual-polarized antenna provided in this application embodiment uses a high-frequency antenna unit and a low-frequency antenna unit on a mounting base plate. The high-frequency antenna unit directionally receives and transmits dual-polarized electromagnetic waves in the C, X, and Ku frequency bands, while the low-frequency antenna unit directionally receives and transmits electromagnetic waves in the L and S frequency bands. By setting the projections of the high-frequency and low-frequency antenna units on the mounting base plate to an L-shape or a V-shape, with one of them protruding away from the other, the high-frequency and low-frequency antenna units form a diagonal distribution structure on the mounting base plate. This diagonal distribution structure reduces coupling, minimizes mutual coupling between the high-frequency and low-frequency antenna units, avoids pattern distortion, and ensures a standing wave ratio (SWR) ≤ 3 and meets the directional pattern characteristics in the L, S, C, X, and Ku frequency bands. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the common aperture ultrawideband directional dual-polarized antenna provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a top view of the common aperture ultrawideband directional dual-polarized antenna provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the common aperture ultrawideband directional dual-polarized antenna provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the mounting base plate;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-frequency antenna unit;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a low-frequency antenna unit.

[0024] Figure label:

[0025] 1-Mounting base plate; 11-First high-frequency through-hole; 12-Second high-frequency through-hole; 13-First low-frequency through-hole; 14-Second low-frequency through-hole; 2-High-frequency antenna unit; 21-High-frequency horizontally polarized antenna; 211-First high-frequency boss; 22-High-frequency vertically polarized antenna; 221-Second high-frequency boss; 3-Low-frequency antenna unit; 31-Low-frequency horizontally polarized antenna; 311-First low-frequency boss; 32-Low-frequency vertically polarized antenna; 321-Second low-frequency boss; 4-L-shaped connecting plate; 5-RF socket. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other unless otherwise specified.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this application is usually placed during use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The terms "set", "open", "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, and integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0029] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 The present application provides a common aperture ultrawideband directional dual-polarized antenna, including a mounting base plate 1, on which high-frequency antenna elements 2 and low-frequency antenna elements 3 are arranged at intervals; the projections of the high-frequency antenna elements 2 and low-frequency antenna elements 3 on the mounting base plate 1 are both L-shaped or V-shaped, the high-frequency antenna elements 2 protrude in a direction away from the low-frequency antenna elements 3, and the low-frequency antenna elements 3 protrude in a direction away from the high-frequency antenna elements 2.

[0030] Mounting base plate 1 can be made of aluminum or stainless steel and is used to mount various antenna elements. For example, mounting base plate 1 is a rectangular aluminum plate. Both high-frequency antenna element 2 and low-frequency antenna element 3 are Vivadi antennas with applied resistors and can be made of printed circuit board substrate. High-frequency antenna element 2 is used for directional reception and transmission of dual-polarized electromagnetic waves in the C, X, and Ku frequency bands. Here, C, X, and Ku frequency bands refer to the 4–18 GHz band, and dual polarization refers to vertical and horizontal polarization. Low-frequency antenna element 3 is used for directional reception and transmission of dual-polarized electromagnetic waves in the L and S frequency bands. Here, L and S frequency bands refer to the 1–4 GHz band. By setting the projections of the high-frequency antenna unit 2 and the low-frequency antenna unit 3 on the mounting base plate 1 to an L-shape or a V-shape, and having one of them protrude in a direction away from the other, the high-frequency antenna unit 2 and the low-frequency antenna unit 3 form a diagonal distribution structure on the mounting base plate 1. The diagonal distribution structure achieves decoupling, reduces the mutual coupling effect between the high-frequency antenna unit 2 and the low-frequency antenna unit 3, avoids pattern distortion, and ensures that the standing wave ratio is ≤3 and the directional pattern characteristics are met in the 1-18GHz frequency band.

[0031] The common aperture ultrawideband directional dual-polarized antenna provided in this application embodiment has the characteristics of wide bandwidth and dual polarization, which can meet the signal transmission and reception of most systems. It has strong versatility and high value for mass production. By designing the high-frequency antenna unit 2 and the low-frequency antenna unit 3 with a common aperture and without an antenna cover, the antenna size and weight can be greatly reduced, saving space. It is especially suitable for platforms with limited load capacity and installation space.

[0032] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 The high-frequency antenna unit 2 includes a high-frequency horizontally polarized antenna 21 and a high-frequency vertically polarized antenna 22 that are arranged perpendicular to the mounting base plate 1; the high-frequency horizontally polarized antenna 21 and the high-frequency vertically polarized antenna 22 are connected and form an angle.

[0033] The high-frequency horizontally polarized antenna 21 is used for directional reception and transmission of horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves within the C, X, and Ku frequency bands, while the high-frequency vertically polarized antenna 22 is used for directional reception and transmission of vertically polarized electromagnetic waves within the C, X, and Ku frequency bands. The edges of the high-frequency horizontally polarized antenna 21 and the high-frequency vertically polarized antenna 22 are welded together to form the high-frequency antenna element 2, effectively reducing the size of the high-frequency antenna element 2 while ensuring performance. For example, the angle between the high-frequency horizontally polarized antenna 21 and the high-frequency vertically polarized antenna 22 is a right angle. Of course, in other embodiments, the angle between the high-frequency horizontally polarized antenna 21 and the high-frequency vertically polarized antenna 22 can also be an acute or obtuse angle.

[0034] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 The low-frequency antenna unit 3 includes a low-frequency horizontally polarized antenna 31 and a low-frequency vertically polarized antenna 32 that are arranged perpendicular to the mounting base plate 1; the low-frequency horizontally polarized antenna 31 and the low-frequency vertically polarized antenna 32 are connected and form an angle.

[0035] The low-frequency horizontally polarized antenna 31 is used for directional reception and transmission of horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves in the L and S frequency bands, and the low-frequency vertically polarized antenna 32 is used for directional reception and transmission of vertically polarized electromagnetic waves in the L and S frequency bands. The low-frequency horizontally polarized antenna 31 and the low-frequency vertically polarized antenna 32 are welded together at their edges to form the low-frequency antenna element 3, effectively reducing the size of the low-frequency antenna element 3 while ensuring performance. Exemplarily, the angle between the low-frequency horizontally polarized antenna 31 and the low-frequency vertically polarized antenna 32 is a right angle. Of course, in other embodiments, the angle between the low-frequency horizontally polarized antenna 31 and the low-frequency vertically polarized antenna 32 can also be an acute angle or an obtuse angle.

[0036] See Figure 2 For example, the high-frequency horizontally polarized antenna 21 is perpendicular to the high-frequency vertically polarized antenna 22, the low-frequency horizontally polarized antenna 31 is perpendicular to the low-frequency vertically polarized antenna 32, the high-frequency horizontally polarized antenna 21 is parallel to the low-frequency horizontally polarized antenna 31, and the high-frequency vertically polarized antenna 22 is parallel to the low-frequency vertically polarized antenna 32.

[0037] See Figure 1 , Figure 3One end of the high-frequency antenna unit 2 and the low-frequency antenna unit 3 extends from the first side of the mounting base plate 1 through the mounting base plate 1 to the second side of the mounting base plate 1. On the second side of the mounting base plate 1, the mounting base plate 1 is connected to the high-frequency antenna unit 2 and the low-frequency antenna unit 3, respectively. In this way, the portions of the high-frequency antenna unit 2 and the low-frequency antenna unit 3 located on the first side of the mounting base plate 1 mainly serve as working parts, while the portions of the high-frequency antenna unit 2 and the low-frequency antenna unit 3 located on the second side of the mounting base plate 1 mainly serve as connecting parts. The working parts and the connecting parts are located on opposite sides of the mounting base plate 1, reducing interference between them.

[0038] See Figure 4 The mounting base plate 1 has two sets of through-hole structures. The first set of through-hole structures is for the high-frequency antenna element 2 to pass through, and the second set of through-hole structures is for the low-frequency antenna element 3 to pass through. For example, the first set of through-hole structures includes a first high-frequency through-hole 11 for the high-frequency horizontally polarized antenna 21 to pass through and a second high-frequency through-hole 12 for the high-frequency vertically polarized antenna 22 to pass through. Both the first and second high-frequency through-holes 11 and 12 are elongated holes and can be connected together to form an L-shaped structure, or they can be left separate. The second set of through-hole structures includes a first low-frequency through-hole 13 for the low-frequency horizontally polarized antenna 31 to pass through and a second low-frequency through-hole 14 for the low-frequency vertically polarized antenna 32 to pass through. Both the first and second low-frequency through-holes 13 and 14 are elongated holes and can be connected together to form an L-shaped structure, or they can be left separate.

[0039] See Figure 3 The mounting base 1 is connected to the high-frequency antenna unit 2 and the low-frequency antenna unit 3 via two sets of L-shaped connecting plates 4. For example, the first set of L-shaped connecting plates 4 includes two L-shaped connecting plates 4, which connect the high-frequency horizontally polarized antenna 21 and the high-frequency vertically polarized antenna 22 to the mounting base 1, respectively; the second set of L-shaped connecting plates 4 includes two L-shaped connecting plates 4, which connect the low-frequency horizontally polarized antenna 31 and the low-frequency vertically polarized antenna 32 to the mounting base 1, respectively. The L-shaped connecting plates 4 can be made of aluminum or stainless steel. For example, the L-shaped connecting plates 4 are formed by bending aluminum plates.

[0040] See Figure 3 The L-shaped connecting plate 4 is connected to the mounting base plate 1, the high-frequency antenna unit 2, and the low-frequency antenna unit 3 respectively via screws. Screw connections are not only simple and easy to operate, but also facilitate later disassembly, repair, or replacement. Furthermore, the mounting base plate 1, specifically the area where the high-frequency antenna unit 2 and the low-frequency antenna unit 3 pass through, is sealed with adhesive. The surfaces of the mounting base plate 1, the high-frequency antenna unit 2, and the low-frequency antenna unit 3 are coated with a protective coating and colored paint.

[0041] See Figure 5 , Figure 6 The high-frequency antenna unit 2 is provided with a high-frequency antenna positioning structure for mating with the surface of the mounting base plate 1, and the low-frequency antenna unit 3 is provided with a low-frequency antenna positioning structure for mating with the surface of the mounting base plate 1. The high-frequency antenna positioning structure is used to position the high-frequency antenna unit 2 for installation, ensuring its accuracy; the low-frequency antenna positioning structure is used to position the low-frequency antenna unit 3 for installation, ensuring its accuracy.

[0042] See Figure 5 The high-frequency antenna positioning structure includes a first high-frequency boss 211 disposed on the high-frequency horizontally polarized antenna 21 and / or a second high-frequency boss 221 disposed on the high-frequency vertically polarized antenna 22. When the high-frequency antenna unit 2 is installed on the mounting base plate 1, the first high-frequency boss 211 and / or the second high-frequency boss 221 abut against the surface of the mounting base plate 1 to position the high-frequency antenna unit 2 and ensure the accuracy of the installation of the high-frequency antenna unit 2.

[0043] See Figure 6 The low-frequency antenna positioning structure includes a first low-frequency boss 311 disposed on the low-frequency horizontally polarized antenna 31 and / or a second low-frequency boss 321 disposed on the low-frequency vertically polarized antenna 32. When the low-frequency antenna unit 3 is installed on the mounting base plate 1, the first low-frequency boss 311 and / or the second low-frequency boss 321 abut against the surface of the mounting base plate 1 to position the low-frequency antenna unit 3 and ensure the accuracy of the installation of the low-frequency antenna unit 3.

[0044] See Figure 3 Two sets of RF sockets 5 are respectively provided on the second side of the mounting base plate 1. The inner cores of the two sets of RF sockets 5 are connected to the microstrip lines of the high-frequency antenna unit 2 and the low-frequency antenna unit 3, respectively. Specifically, there are four RF sockets 5 in total. These four RF sockets 5 are respectively mounted on four L-shaped connecting plates 4 with screws, and the inner cores of the four RF sockets 5 are respectively soldered to the microstrip lines in the high-frequency horizontally polarized antenna 21, the high-frequency vertically polarized antenna 22, the low-frequency horizontally polarized antenna 31, and the low-frequency vertically polarized antenna 32. By setting the RF sockets 5, the antenna of this application can be connected to the RF terminal.

[0045] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application and within the spirit and principles of this application shall still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A common-aperture ultrawideband directional dual-polarized antenna, characterized in that, The device includes a mounting base plate (1), on which high-frequency antenna units (2) and low-frequency antenna units (3) are arranged at intervals. The projections of the high-frequency antenna units (2) and the low-frequency antenna units (3) on the mounting base plate (1) are both L-shaped or V-shaped. The high-frequency antenna units (2) protrude in a direction away from the low-frequency antenna units (3), and the low-frequency antenna units (3) protrude in a direction away from the high-frequency antenna units (2). The high-frequency antenna units (2) and the low-frequency antenna units (3) form a diagonal distribution structure on the mounting base plate (1). The high-frequency antenna unit (2) includes a high-frequency horizontally polarized antenna (21) and a high-frequency vertically polarized antenna (22) arranged perpendicular to the mounting base plate (1); the high-frequency horizontally polarized antenna (21) and the high-frequency vertically polarized antenna (22) are connected and form an angle; the low-frequency antenna unit (3) includes a low-frequency horizontally polarized antenna (31) and a low-frequency vertically polarized antenna (32) arranged perpendicular to the mounting base plate (1); the low-frequency horizontally polarized antenna (31) and the low-frequency vertically polarized antenna (32) are connected and form an angle; One end of the high-frequency antenna unit (2) and the low-frequency antenna unit (3) extends from the first side of the mounting base plate (1) through the mounting base plate (1) to the second side of the mounting base plate (1); on the second side of the mounting base plate (1), the mounting base plate (1) is connected to the high-frequency antenna unit (2) and the low-frequency antenna unit (3) respectively; the part of the high-frequency antenna unit (2) and the low-frequency antenna unit (3) located on the first side of the mounting base plate (1) serves as the working part, and the part of the high-frequency antenna unit (2) and the low-frequency antenna unit (3) located on the second side of the mounting base plate (1) serves as the connecting part, and the working part and the connecting part are located on both sides of the mounting base plate (1).

2. The common-aperture ultra-wideband directional dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-frequency horizontally polarized antenna (21) is parallel to the low-frequency horizontally polarized antenna (31); the high-frequency vertically polarized antenna (22) is parallel to the low-frequency vertically polarized antenna (32).

3. The common-aperture ultra-wideband directional dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting base plate (1) is connected to the high-frequency antenna unit (2) and the low-frequency antenna unit (3) respectively through two sets of L-shaped connecting plates (4).

4. The common-aperture ultra-wideband directional dual-polarized antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The L-shaped connecting plate (4) is connected to the mounting base plate (1), the high-frequency antenna unit (2), and the low-frequency antenna unit (3) by screws.

5. The common-aperture ultra-wideband directional dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-frequency antenna unit (2) is provided with a high-frequency antenna positioning structure for cooperating with the surface of the mounting base plate (1), and the low-frequency antenna unit (3) is provided with a low-frequency antenna positioning structure for cooperating with the surface of the mounting base plate (1).

6. The common-aperture ultra-wideband directional dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting base plate (1) is sealed with glue at the position where the high-frequency antenna unit (2) and the low-frequency antenna unit (3) pass through.

7. The common-aperture ultra-wideband directional dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two sets of radio frequency sockets (5) are respectively provided on the second side of the mounting base plate (1). The inner core of the two sets of radio frequency sockets (5) are respectively connected to the microstrip lines of the high frequency antenna unit (2) and the low frequency antenna unit (3).

8. The common-aperture ultra-wideband directional dual-polarized antenna according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Both the high-frequency antenna unit (2) and the low-frequency antenna unit (3) are made of printed circuit board substrate, and the mounting base plate (1) is made of aluminum or stainless steel.

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