Micro- and nanostructured evaporation plate and seawater distillation desalination device

Abstract

The application discloses a micro-nano structured evaporation plate and a seawater distillation desalination device, and the micro-nano structured evaporation plate is arranged in the seawater distillation desalination device. The micro-nano composite groove structure on the surface of the micro-nano structured evaporation plate has wicking characteristics and light absorption characteristics. When the structure is in contact with water, pure water in seawater will diffuse upward to the surface of the micro-nano structured evaporation plate due to the wicking characteristics, and the micro-nano structured evaporation plate is heated due to the high light absorption characteristics. At this time, water is evaporated to realize seawater distillation desalination and collection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of seawater desalination technology, specifically relating to a micro-nano structured evaporation plate and a seawater distillation desalination device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, over a quarter of the population still lives under severe water scarcity. To address this widespread and devastating problem, researchers have turned their attention to seawater desalination, as approximately 97.5% of water is seawater that is not directly drinkable. Therefore, the search for efficient, large-scale, and sustainable seawater desalination technologies is extremely urgent. Currently, industrial desalination primarily utilizes coal-fired boilers, biomass steam generators, oil-fired steam generators, and gas-fired steam generators, all of which suffer from problems such as high energy consumption, low energy efficiency, high carbon emissions, and severe air pollution.

[0003] Solar-driven evaporation, as a fundamental thermal process, has long been used by humans to produce pure water. In modern society, it is also used to drive many important industrial processes, such as solar power generation and steam sterilization. To date, solar-driven evaporation has not been fully utilized in the field of seawater distillation and desalination, mainly due to the poor light absorption and low photothermal conversion efficiency of bottom-heated and separate-interface-heated evaporators, as well as the higher industrial cost of solar distillation equipment compared to traditional boiler evaporators and gas-fired evaporators. Achieving high-efficiency seawater distillation and desalination remains a pressing problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a micro-nano structured evaporation plate and a seawater distillation desalination device to solve the problem of low photothermal conversion efficiency of current seawater distillation desalination devices. It can achieve the extraction of water from seawater and efficient photo-absorption thermal evaporation on the same surface.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution:

[0006] A micro-nano structured evaporation plate includes a substrate, which is plate-shaped, and a micro-nano composite groove is arranged on one side of the substrate along the length of the substrate.

[0007] A further improvement of the present invention is that:

[0008] Preferably, the width of the outer opening of the micro-nano composite groove is greater than the width of the bottom.

[0009] Preferably, the width of the opening at the outer end of the micro-nano composite groove is 35μm-40μm, and the depth is 25μm-30μm.

[0010] Preferably, the surface of the micro-nano composite groove has protruding clusters of nanoparticles.

[0011] Preferably, the clustered nanoparticles are obtained by in-situ deposition via laser ablation.

[0012] Preferably, the micro-nano structured evaporation plate described above is disposed on a desalination water container used to hold seawater.

[0013] Preferably, the desalinated water container is provided with a support frame, which is disposed on the upper end surface of the desalinated water container; the micro-nano structured evaporation plate is fixedly disposed on the support frame.

[0014] Preferably, one end of the support frame is connected to a motor.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] This invention discloses a micro-nano structured evaporation plate. The micro-nano composite groove structure on the surface of the micro-nano structured evaporation plate has wicking and light absorption characteristics. When the structure comes into contact with water, pure water in the seawater will diffuse upward to the surface of the micro-nano structured evaporation plate due to the wicking characteristics. Due to the high light absorption characteristics of the micro-nano structured evaporation plate, the temperature will rise, and the water will evaporate, thereby realizing the distillation and desalination of seawater and its collection.

[0017] This invention discloses a seawater distillation and desalination device, comprising a micro-nano structured evaporation plate, an evaporation plate fixing shaft, a desalinated water container, a support frame, and a motor. The micro-nano structured evaporation plate contacts the seawater at a certain angle, and the entire device is placed under sunlight. The micro-nano structured evaporation plate can achieve light absorption and water evaporation on the same surface, solving the problems of poor light absorption and low photothermal conversion efficiency in current bottom-heated and separate interface-heated interface evaporators. It is an effective means to improve the distillation and desalination efficiency of solar-driven interface evaporators. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall seawater distillation and desalination device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is an electron microscope image of the micro-nano structure on the surface of the micro-nano structured evaporation plate of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a simplified V-shaped cross-section of the micro-nano composite groove structure on the surface of the micro-nano structured evaporation plate of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a photograph of the traces of seawater spreading upwards on the surface of the evaporation plate, as shown in the invention.

[0022] Among them, 1 is a desalination water container; 2 is seawater; 3 is a micro-nano structured evaporation plate; 4 is a motor; 5 is a fixed shaft; 6 is a bearing; 7 is a support frame; 8 is a support device; 3-1 is a substrate; and 3-2 is a micro-nano composite tank. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] This invention discloses a micro / nano-structured evaporation plate, primarily made of light-absorbing metallic or non-metallic composite materials, comprising a substrate 3-1 and micro / nano-composite grooves 3-2 formed on the substrate 3-1. The substrate 3-1 has a plate-like structure, the specific shape of which can be adjusted according to requirements. The micro / nano-composite grooves 3-2 are located on one side of the substrate 3-1. Due to the presence of the micro / nano-composite groove structure, when this side faces sunlight, it can improve the evaporation plate's absorption efficiency of sunlight, increase the temperature rise of the evaporation plate, and thus benefit the efficiency of seawater distillation and desalination. Simultaneously, due to the presence of the micro / nano-composite groove structure, water molecules in the seawater overcome gravity and diffuse upwards more quickly under the capillary force of the micro / nano-composite groove structure, thereby reaching the surface of the evaporation plate and facilitating evaporation by absorbing sunlight.

[0026] See Figure 2 In some implementations, the upper width of the cross-section of the micro-nano composite groove 3-2 is greater than that of the lower width, making the cross-sectional shape an inverted V-shape.

[0027] In some implementations, when the shape of the micro-nano composite groove 3-2 is an inverted V, the groove spacing is 35μm-40μm and the depth is 25μm-30μm.

[0028] See Figure 3In some implementations, when the micro-nano composite groove 3-2 is inverted V-shaped, the direction of the micro-nano composite groove 3-2 is parallel to the long side of the micro-nano structured evaporation plate, and the surface of the micro-nano composite groove 3-2 is covered with a large number of clustered nanoparticles, which are formed on the surface of the groove structure by laser ablation in situ deposition, which is beneficial to improving the light absorption efficiency of the micro-nano structure on the surface of the evaporation plate.

[0029] The present invention also discloses a seawater distillation desalination device, which includes a desalination water container 1, a micro-nano structured evaporation plate 3, and a support device 8.

[0030] See Figure 1 The micro-nano structured evaporation plate 3 is mounted in the desalination water container 1 via a support device 8. The upper part of the micro-nano structured evaporation plate 3 is exposed to the air and can receive sunlight, while the lower part is immersed in seawater. (See [link]). Figure 4 Seawater can overcome gravity and "climb" up the micro-nano structure, leaving obvious marks on the surface of the evaporation plate, thus playing a role in evaporation and desalination.

[0031] The micro-nano structured evaporation plate 3 is mounted on the desalination water container 1 via a support device 8.

[0032] In some implementations, the support device 8 comprises a motor 4, a fixed shaft 5, a bearing 6, and a support frame 7.

[0033] The micro-nano structured evaporation plate 3 is fixedly mounted on the evaporation plate fixing shaft 5. One end of the evaporation plate fixing shaft 5 is connected to the motor 4, and the other end is mounted on the support frame 7 through the bearing 6. The support frame 7 is mounted on the upper side wall of the desalination water container 1. The electrode 4 can be a separate support structure or it can be mounted on the support frame 7.

[0034] The micro-nano composite groove is prepared by femtosecond laser ablation and in-situ deposition technology.

[0035] The specific implementation method of the seawater distillation desalination device of the present invention is as follows: the micro-nano structured evaporation plate 3 is directly immersed in seawater at an incline, with the upper part of the micro-nano structured evaporation plate 3 exposed to the air and the lower part in the seawater.

[0036] In some implementation schemes, the specific implementation method is as follows:

[0037] 1) The micro-nano structured evaporation plate 3, fabricated by femtosecond laser micro-nano, is mounted on the evaporation plate fixing shaft 5. The fixing shaft 5 can be rotated by the motor 4 to realize the rotation of the micro-nano structured evaporation plate 3.

[0038] 2) Add the distilled and desalinated seawater 2 into the desalination water container 1, and control the rotation of the micro-nano structured evaporation plate 3 on the fixed shaft 5 by the motor 4 so that the micro-nano structured evaporation plate 3 contacts the seawater 2 at a certain angle, and place the entire device under sunlight.

[0039] 3) The micro-nano composite groove structure on the surface of the micro-nano structured evaporation plate 3 has wicking characteristics. Pure water in seawater 2 will diffuse upward to the surface of the micro-nano structured evaporation plate 3 due to the wicking characteristics. The water will then evaporate due to the high light absorption characteristics of the micro-nano structured evaporation plate 3, thus realizing the distillation and desalination of seawater 2 and its collection.

[0040] 4) The rotation of the micro-nano structured evaporation plate 3 can be controlled by the rotation of the motor 4, thereby adjusting the angle between the surface of the micro-nano structured evaporation plate 3 and the incident sunlight, thus controlling the distillation and desalination.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seawater distillation and desalination device, characterized in that, It includes a micro-nano structured evaporation plate, which is disposed on a desalination water container (1) for loading seawater; The micro-nano structured evaporation plate includes a substrate (3-1), which is plate-shaped, and a micro-nano composite groove (3-2) is arranged on one side of the substrate (3-1) along the length direction of the substrate (3-1). The width of the outer opening of the micro-nano composite groove (3-2) is greater than the width of the bottom. The surface of the micro-nano composite groove (3-2) is covered with clustered nanoparticles; The clustered nanoparticles were obtained by in-situ deposition via laser ablation. The micro-nano composite groove (3-2) has wicking and light absorption properties; The width of the opening at the outer end of the micro-nano composite groove (3-2) is 35μm-40μm, and the depth is 25μm-30μm; The desalinated water container (1) is provided with a support frame (7), which is located on the upper surface of the desalinated water container (1); the micro-nano structured evaporation plate (3) is fixedly mounted on the support frame (7).

2. The seawater distillation and desalination apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the support frame (7) is connected to a motor (4).

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