An adaptive resonant liquid-solid separation process

Abstract

This invention discloses an adaptive resonant liquid-solid separation process, which effectively solves the technical problems of high solid phase water content, filter screen pore blockage, and short filter screen lifespan after separation. This invention separates liquid-solid mixtures under multi-frequency amplitude negative pressure resonant separation medium conditions. The invention is scientifically and rationally designed, using a filter screen as a continuous separation medium for effective liquid-solid separation. It relies on cross-frequency string vibration to form a multi-frequency, multi-amplitude resonant range, creating a pressure difference across the filter screen using a negative pressure filtration device to achieve efficient solid-liquid separation. Furthermore, under the action of transport, deep dehydration is carried out in multiple regions and multiple resonant frequency bands, reducing the solid phase water content. This invention's process has a long-term continuous operating state, increasing throughput and saving costs; it can achieve dehydration and desorption of ultrafine particles, extending the filter screen's lifespan.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of vacuum filtration technology, specifically relating to an adaptive resonant liquid-solid separation process. Background Technology

[0002] Filtration and separation are indispensable technologies in clean energy, waste treatment, water regeneration and recycling. Currently, the main methods of liquid-solid separation equipment on the market include gravity sedimentation, vacuum filtration, pressure filtration, centrifugal separation and sieving.

[0003] Gravity sedimentation uses simple and low-energy-consuming equipment, but it is time-consuming and has low separation efficiency. Vacuum filtration is prone to clogging of filter pores when the material is fine, leading to filtration failure, and it is not effective for lighter materials. Pressure filtration has wide applicability and can handle most materials, but in addition to the problems of vacuum filtration, it requires frequent cleaning of the filter cloth, and the pressure and holding time vary depending on the material. Screening separation is prone to screen clogging, and the separation method is a surface-to-surface contact impact mode of the filter screen or an overall box foil vibration mode, which has a short service life of the filter screen and box, requiring screen cleaning; when the moisture content is high, the separation effect is poor, and the equipment is noisy during operation.

[0004] Currently, the core technology of negative pressure filtration is negative pressure adsorption and its related structural design. It relies entirely on negative pressure for filtration, often employing high negative pressure adsorption or high-frequency vibration. Negative pressure vibrating screens use separation membranes or steel screens as the separation medium, with the negative pressure effect limited to the liquid phase separation chamber. The excitation source drives the foil or overall frame to vibrate, impacting or vibrating at the same frequency as the filter screen. The contact between the excitation surface and the filter screen is surface-to-surface, resulting in significant noise. Currently, domestic vacuum liquid-solid separation equipment has an unsealed structure, is difficult to clean, and has high energy consumption for the vacuum pump.

[0005] Therefore, designing an adaptive resonant liquid-solid separation process to at least solve some of the above-mentioned technical problems has become an urgent technical problem for those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an adaptive resonant liquid-solid separation process to at least solve some of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] An adaptive resonant liquid-solid separation process is proposed, which separates liquid-solid mixtures under multi-frequency amplitude negative pressure resonant separation medium conditions.

[0009] Furthermore, the separation medium includes at least a filter screen for separating the solid mixture.

[0010] Furthermore, the filter screen forms a string vibration through the excitation point, and during the amplitude and frequency transmission process, the filter screen forms a multi-order resonant separation range with the liquid-solid mixture in the liquid-solid mixture.

[0011] Furthermore, the multi-order resonance separation range includes at least the 38–42 Hz resonance separation range, the 45–47 Hz resonance separation range, and the 49–54 Hz resonance separation range.

[0012] Furthermore, within the amplitude transmission region generated by the string vibration, the filter screen forms multiple resonant separation intervals with different liquid-solid mixtures under negative pressure. Within these resonant separation intervals, different alternating amplitude fluctuations, frequent positive and negative alternating accelerations, and negative pressure suction accelerations are generated. Under the continuous alternating amplitude fluctuations, positive and negative alternating accelerations, and negative pressure suction accelerations, the internal particles of the liquid-solid mixture undergo vertical displacement, thereby desorbing the solid phase from the filter screen and promoting the separation of water and solid phases within the solid phase, thus achieving deep dehydration operation in multiple resonant separation intervals.

[0013] Furthermore, the concentration of the liquid-solid mixture is 5% to 40%.

[0014] Furthermore, the filter mesh size is 23–150 μm.

[0015] Furthermore, a material transport unit is used to disrupt the solid phase deposit layer formed on the upper surface of the filter screen, change the solid phase deposit state, and promote the multi-region migration of the solid phase.

[0016] Furthermore, the material transfer unit includes a scraper, and the material transfer speed is 0.2 to 0.4 m / s.

[0017] Furthermore, a negative pressure is formed on the liquid phase side after separation by the filter screen, preferably with a maximum negative pressure value of 25 kPa.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] This invention is scientifically and rationally designed, using a moving filter screen as a continuous separation medium for effective liquid-solid separation. It achieves efficient solid-liquid separation by relying on multi-frequency, multi-amplitude resonance ranges formed by trans-frequency string vibration and creating a pressure difference across the filter screen using a negative pressure filtration device. Furthermore, it performs deep dehydration across multiple regions and resonance frequency bands under the action of movement, reducing the water content of the solid phase. This invention's process allows for long-term continuous operation, increasing throughput and saving costs. It can also achieve dehydration and desorption of ultrafine particles, extending the filter screen's service life. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating the principle of string vibration separation in this invention.

[0021] Figure 2This is a simplified diagram of the system for achieving liquid-solid separation according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this invention provides an adaptive resonant liquid-solid separation process that separates a liquid-solid mixture under multi-frequency amplitude negative pressure resonant separation medium conditions. The separation medium includes at least a filter screen for separating the solid mixture, with a mesh size of 23–150 μm. The separation medium is continuous, and a material transport unit disrupts the solid phase accumulation layer formed on the upper surface of the filter screen, changing the solid phase accumulation state and promoting multi-regional migration of the solid phase. The material transport unit includes a scraper, which scrapes and transports the material, disrupting the solid phase accumulation layer. The transport speed of the transport unit is 0.2–0.4 m / s. A negative pressure is formed on the liquid phase side after separation by the filter screen, with a maximum negative pressure value of 25 kPa, and the concentration of the liquid-solid mixture is 5%–40%.

[0024] This invention involves setting an excitation point under the filter screen. The filter screen vibrates in a string-like manner under the action of a vibrator installed at the excitation point. During the amplitude and frequency transmission, the filter screen forms a multi-order resonant separation range with the liquid-solid mixture in the liquid-solid mixture. This multi-order resonant separation range includes at least a 38–42 Hz resonant separation range, a 45–47 Hz resonant separation range, and a 49–54 Hz resonant separation range. The vibration amplitude and frequency of the filter screen meet the following requirement: a = 0.002 * f 2 *D; where a is acceleration, f is frequency, and D is amplitude.

[0025] In this invention, the filter screen forms multiple resonant separation intervals with different amplitudes and frequencies with the liquid-solid mixtures in different liquid-solid mixtures under negative pressure within the amplitude transmission region generated by the string vibration. Different alternating amplitude fluctuations and frequent positive and negative accelerations and negative pressure suction accelerations are formed within the resonant separation intervals. Under the action of the continuous alternating amplitude fluctuations, positive and negative accelerations and negative pressure suction accelerations, the internal particles of the liquid-solid mixture move up and down, thereby desorbing the solid phase from the filter screen and promoting the separation of water and solid phases inside the solid phase, thus realizing deep dehydration operation in multiple resonant separation intervals.

[0026] This invention is scientifically and rationally designed, using a filter screen as a continuous separation medium for effective liquid-solid separation. It relies on cross-frequency string vibration to create a multi-band, multi-amplitude resonance range, and a negative pressure filtration device to generate a pressure difference across the filter screen, achieving efficient solid-liquid separation. Furthermore, under the action of transport, it performs deep dehydration in multiple regions and multiple resonance bands, reducing the water content of the solid phase. This invention's process allows for long-term continuous operation, increasing throughput and saving costs. It can also achieve dehydration and desorption of ultrafine particles, extending the filter screen's service life.

[0027] This invention discloses an adaptive resonance liquid-solid separation process, in which the solid phase in a liquid-solid mixture is effectively separated by depressurization filtration through processes such as negative pressure adsorption, string vibration separation, and material transport.

[0028] First, a homogeneous liquid-solid mixture is pumped into the liquid-solid separation feed inlet. Upon entry, the mixture is intercepted by a continuous separation medium, which mainly consists of a wire mesh unit, a support unit, and a transport unit. The separation medium is a filter screen. The wire mesh unit and the support unit form a normal-pressure material transport chamber and a liquid phase collection chamber. The liquid-solid mixture is separated through the coordinated work of the continuous separation medium, negative pressure filtration, multi-frequency amplitude vibration, and material transport, completing the dehydration of the solid phase. The continuous separation medium provides the separation medium for the liquid and solid phases and facilitates medium replacement. The negative pressure filtration provides and controls the negative pressure value of the entire chamber. The wide-frequency wire vibration forms a wire vibration with the filter screen, creating multiple resonance intervals with different amplitudes and frequencies within the amplitude transmission region generated by the wire vibration. The material transport controls the regional migration and migration speed of the material.

[0029] 2. After the liquid-solid mixture is intercepted by the filter screen, negative pressure filtration is initiated. Negative pressure adsorption is applied to the sealed chamber formed between the liquid phase collection chamber and the filter screen, thereby increasing the exchange efficiency between the liquid phase and the filter screen pores and promoting liquid phase separation. The separation is carried out under negative pressure until the dehydration process is completed, by applying negative pressure adsorption to the sealed chamber formed between the liquid phase collection chamber and the filter screen. This process further increases the exchange efficiency between the liquid phase and the filter screen pores and promotes liquid phase separation.

[0030] III. During the migration of the liquid-solid mixture, broadband string vibration begins. The amplitude and frequency of the vibration between the excitation point and the filter screen's two support points exhibit an approximately linear change, forming a string vibration mode between the excitation point and the two supports. At this stage, within the amplitude transmission region generated by the string vibration, multiple resonance intervals with different amplitudes and frequencies are formed with different liquid-solid mixtures. Through the resonance between the liquid-solid mixture and the filter screen, the solid phase desorbs from the filter screen, and promotes the separation of water and solid phases within the solid phase, achieving deep dehydration. The broadband string vibration operates under the following requirement: a = 0.002 * f 2*D, where a is acceleration, f is frequency, and D is amplitude. The region between the excitation point and the supports at both ends constitutes a regional string vibration mode. During this stage, the flexible body, within the vibration range, adapts to the vibration characteristics of each resonance range under negative pressure through its own properties, achieving multi-band, multi-range liquid-solid separation. Within the amplitude transmission region generated by string vibration, multiple resonance ranges with different amplitudes and frequencies are formed with different liquid-solid mixtures under negative pressure. Different alternating amplitude fluctuations and frequent positive and negative accelerations and negative pressure suction accelerations are formed within the excitation transmission region. Under the action of these constantly alternating amplitude fluctuations and accelerations, the mixture forms resonance ranges with different regions, amplitudes, and vibration frequencies. Internal particles shift vertically, achieving solid-phase desorption from the filter screen and promoting the separation of water from the solid phase. Deep dehydration is then carried out in multiple resonance ranges under the action of transport.

[0031] IV. Material Transfer Operation: After the above-mentioned dehydration stages, the material transfer operation moves the dehydrated solid matter on the upper surface of the filter screen towards the discharge port, so that the solid matter adsorbed on the surface of the filter screen is completely desorbed. By changing the stacking state of the solid matter and the height of the filter layer, the solid phase is dehydrated in multiple intervals, multiple frequency bands, and multiple resonance stages, further reducing the solid phase moisture content.

[0032] Fifth, the separated solid phase is stored and transported, while the separated liquid phase can be recycled as water or safely discharged.

[0033] This invention uses a liquid-solid mixture with a concentration of 5%–40% and a filter screen of 23–150 μm as the continuous separation medium. Negative pressure filtration provides the negative pressure for separation, with a maximum negative pressure of 25 kPa, lower than traditional negative pressure filtration. In broadband string vibration, the excitation point and the filter screen form a string vibration state, creating multiple resonance ranges with the liquid-solid mixture during amplitude and frequency transmission. This deeply dehydrates the solid phase intercepted on the filter screen, with optimal resonance frequency ranges of 38–42 Hz, 45–47 Hz, and 49–54 Hz. Material transport disrupts the solid phase accumulation layer formed on the upper surface of the filter screen, altering the solid phase accumulation state and promoting multi-regional migration of the solid phase at a transport velocity of 0.2–0.4 m / s.

[0034] This invention provides an adaptive resonant liquid-solid separation process that effectively achieves deep dehydration and desorption of the solid phase through negative pressure adsorption, point vibrators, and material migration. It effectively solves technical problems such as high water content in the separated solid phase, filter pore clogging, and short filter lifespan. It can effectively improve liquid-solid separation efficiency and throughput.

[0035] The adaptive resonance liquid-solid separation process differs fundamentally from negative pressure filtration and negative pressure vibrating screens. Currently, the core technology of negative pressure filtration relies entirely on negative pressure adsorption and its related structural design, often involving high negative pressure adsorption or high-frequency vibration. This invention, however, consists of continuous separation media, negative pressure filtration, broadband chordal vibration, and material transport steps. The process is more complex, requires less negative pressure, and all steps work collaboratively and are indispensable. Furthermore, the combination of vibration and negative pressure enhances energy efficiency. In contrast, the separation medium in a negative pressure vibrating screen is a separation membrane or steel screen. Its negative pressure effect is limited to the liquid phase separation chamber. The excitation source drives the foil or overall frame to vibrate, impacting or vibrating at the same frequency as the filter screen. The contact between the excitation surface and the filter screen is surface-to-surface, resulting in significant noise. This invention employs wideband chordal vibration. The filter screen is supported at both ends and forms chordal vibration with the excitation source. When the excitation source vibrates, it acts on the filter screen surface through point-to-surface or line-to-surface contact. The filter screen is a flexible body. When the vibration source starts to vibrate, it generates different amplitude fluctuations along the horizontal and vertical directions of the filter screen. Within this region, it forms multiple resonance intervals with different amplitudes and frequencies with different liquid-solid mixtures. Under the synergistic effect of material transport and negative pressure filtration, the deep dehydration of the material is completed.

[0036] This invention was obtained by the applicant based on its prior application CN116474561A, through inventive effort. The string vibration disclosed in the prior application is a synchronous resonance, where the filter screen is struck by the flange under the action of a vibration source. The force is perpendicular to the filter screen and downwards, causing the filter screen and material to resonate at the same frequency under the action of the vibration source. The vibration relies on the filter screen's own characteristics, and the amplitude change does not exhibit a sinusoidal or cosine fluctuation. The string vibration of this invention is a multi-frequency, multi-amplitude resonance range, making the amplitude and frequency fluctuations approximately linearly related to a sinusoidal fluctuation. The amplitude is transmitted from the vibration source along the horizontal and vertical directions of the filter screen, forming a regional string vibration with the filter screen and material during the amplitude and frequency propagation process.

[0037] The earlier application CN116474561A for synchronous resonance exhibits a wide frequency amplitude fluctuation during vibration. Resonance within this region enables material loading and dehydration. However, multiple vibration sources are required. The excitation force at each vibration source is perpendicular to the filter screen and directed downwards. The interaction between the vibration source and the filter screen is impact, resulting in significant friction between the two contacts, which can easily damage the filter screen. The arrangement of multiple vibration sources makes the material's movement trajectory and stress state during migration more complex, and frequency adjustment also more complicated. This invention employs multi-band, multi-amplitude resonance in its string vibration mechanism. During material transport, the material is subjected to varying accelerations, vibration frequencies, and shear stresses on the filter screen cross-section. This process breaks down the cell walls between material particles and water, exposing a large amount of free and interstitial water for deep dehydration. Simultaneously, the alternating stress state intensifies collisions and friction between particles, ensuring the particle clusters meet desorption conditions for deep desorption. Furthermore, the excitation force is perpendicular to the filter screen and upwards, approximating a half-wave vibration. During vibration, the filter screen, due to its inherent characteristics, remains in contact with the vibration source without impact, allowing for real-time frequency adjustment and observation of the separation process and effects at different frequencies.

[0038] The present invention will be described in more detail below with examples to help those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention.

[0039] This example uses phosphate concentrate from a mine in Sichuan Province. A single-variable method and orthogonal experimental design were used to study the dehydration of the phosphate concentrate. The solid content of the phosphate concentrate was 20 wt.%. The main focus was on the variation of the phosphate concentrate moisture content with vacuum degree, resonant frequency band, and material transport velocity, to explore the optimal separation parameters.

[0040] In the resonant liquid-solid separation process of this invention, when the phosphate concentrate liquid-solid mixture enters the feed inlet, it is intercepted by the filter screen. Under the action of negative pressure adsorption, the liquid and solid phases are separated. Then, the broadband chord vibration system is started, and the solid phase particle community is deeply dehydrated and desorbed through the formed resonance zone. Under the action of the material transport unit, the solid phase particle community is migrated, so that the solid phase is transported to the discharge port. A sample is taken at the discharge port to determine the moisture content.

[0041] The exciter model in this embodiment of the invention is HZL-190.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] Under conditions of material transport velocity of 0.4 m / s, negative pressure of 25 kPa, and power consumption of 6 kW, phosphate rock dehydration experiments were conducted at different resonant frequency bands. The experimental data are as follows:

[0044] Table 1

[0045]

[0046]

[0047] Example 2

[0048] In Example 1, under the vibration frequency band (58Hz), negative pressure of 25kPa, and power consumption of 6kW in Experiment 2, phosphate rock dehydration experiments were conducted at material transport velocities of 0.45m / s and 0.5m / s, respectively. The experimental data are as follows:

[0049] Table 2

[0050]

[0051] Example 3

[0052] In Example 1, under the vibration frequency band (58 Hz) and material transport speed of Experiment 2 of Example 2, phosphate rock dehydration experiments were conducted at vacuum levels of 18 kPa, 25 kPa, and power consumption of 6 kW. The experimental data are as follows:

[0053] Table 3

[0054] 1 18 178.30 155.82 14.43 2 25 120.39 108.39 11.07

[0055] Commonly used filtration equipment in the prior art includes ceramic filters and DI-type horizontal vacuum belt filters. Ceramic filters typically have a vacuum level of 60–80 kPa and a power consumption of 8 kW; DI-type horizontal vacuum belt filters typically have a vacuum level of 53 kPa and a power consumption of 8 kW. However, the method of this invention can achieve liquid-solid separation at a vacuum level of 25 kPa and a power consumption of 6 kW, not only achieving better separation results but also reducing the overall vacuum level by approximately 52.8%–58.3% and power consumption by approximately 25% compared to existing technologies.

[0056] The above embodiments are used to further illustrate the present invention, but do not limit the present invention to these specific embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be understood as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive resonant liquid-solid separation process, characterized in that, Liquid-solid mixtures are separated under multi-frequency amplitude negative pressure resonant separation medium conditions; The separation medium includes at least a filter screen for separating liquid-solid mixtures; The excitation source is located below the filter screen. The support units at both ends of the filter screen form a string vibration with the excitation source. When the excitation source vibrates, it acts on the surface of the filter screen through point-to-surface contact or line-to-surface contact. The filter screen is a flexible body. Furthermore, during the amplitude and frequency transmission process, the filter screen forms a multi-order resonance separation range with the liquid-solid mixture in the liquid-solid mixture. The multi-order resonance separation range includes at least the 38~42Hz resonance separation range, the 45~47Hz resonance separation range, and the 49~54Hz resonance separation range; Within the amplitude transmission region generated by the string vibration, the filter screen forms multiple resonant separation intervals with different liquid-solid mixtures under negative pressure. Different alternating amplitude fluctuations and frequent positive and negative accelerations and negative pressure suction accelerations are formed within the resonant separation intervals. Under the action of continuous alternating amplitude fluctuations, positive and negative accelerations and negative pressure suction accelerations, the internal particles of the liquid-solid mixture move up and down, thereby desorbing the solid phase from the filter screen and promoting the separation of water and solid phases within the solid phase, thus achieving deep dehydration operation in multi-stage resonant separation intervals. Apply negative pressure to the liquid outlet side of the filter screen, with a maximum negative pressure value of 25 kPa; The material transport unit is used to disrupt the solid phase deposit layer formed on the upper surface of the filter screen, change the solid phase deposit state, and promote the multi-region migration of the solid phase deposit layer.

2. The adaptive resonance liquid-solid separation process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of the liquid-solid mixture is 5% to 40%.

3. The adaptive resonance liquid-solid separation process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter mesh size is 23~150μm.

4. The adaptive resonance liquid-solid separation process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material transfer unit includes a scraper, and the material transfer speed is 0.2~0.4m / s.

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