Self-generating electromagnetic buffer assembly for elevators
By using a self-generating electromagnetic buffer assembly, the elevator's motion generates and stores electrical energy. Combined with two-stage limit switches to control electromagnetic damping, the structural complexity of the elevator buffer device and the failure of the electromagnetic damper are solved, thus achieving safe and reliable elevator operation and cost reduction.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HANGZHOU XO ELEVATOR
- Filing Date
- 2023-11-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-04
AI Technical Summary
Existing elevator buffer devices have complex structures and their shock absorption effect is difficult to control precisely. Mechanical shock absorbers have a short service life, and electromagnetic shock absorbers fail under extreme conditions and their electromagnetic force cannot be flexibly adjusted, making it impossible to effectively slow down the elevator when it malfunctions.
A self-generating electromagnetic buffer combination device was designed, including a power generation device, an energy storage device, a power supply device, and an electromagnetic damping device. It utilizes the elevator's motion to generate and store electrical energy, and controls the electromagnetic damping through two-stage limit switches to achieve self-generation and energy storage of the elevator. Combined with the magnetic field effect of electromagnets and permanent magnets, it provides flexible deceleration control.
It enables elevators to generate their own power and store electrical energy in case of malfunction, ensures the normal operation of the electromagnetic damping device, provides flexible deceleration control, improves the safety of elevator operation and reduces operating costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN117429983B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of elevator technology, and in particular to a self-generating electromagnetic buffer assembly for elevators. Background Technology
[0002] Elevators are an important form of vertical transportation, widely used in high-rise buildings. When an elevator malfunctions or overspeeds, a buffer device is needed to slow it down until it stops, ensuring its safe and stable operation.
[0003] Traditional elevators typically use mechanical shock absorbers for damping. Typical mechanical shock absorbers include hydraulic, pneumatic, and rubber shock absorbers. These absorbers utilize the compression effect of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure, or the deformation of rubber materials, to absorb impact energy, thus achieving a damping effect. However, these shock absorbers have drawbacks such as complex structure, difficulty in precisely controlling the damping effect, and short service life.
[0004] With the development of electromagnetic vibration damping technology, using electromagnetic force for vibration reduction has become an effective new method. Electromagnetic vibration dampers can respond quickly, have controllable damping effects, and are unaffected by temperature changes. Currently, the power required for electromagnetic vibration dampers to operate mainly relies on the elevator's internal electrical system. In extreme abnormal situations, if the power supply fails, the electromagnetic vibration damper will malfunction. Furthermore, the electromagnetic force generated by existing electromagnetic vibration dampers is usually stable and constant, and cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the magnitude of the impact load. In the initial stage of the car impact, a constant electromagnetic force may not be sufficient for rapid deceleration; while in the later stages of the impact, an excessively large electromagnetic force may lead to excessively rapid deceleration. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a self-generating electromagnetic buffer assembly for elevators that enables self-generation and energy storage during elevator operation.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the self-generating electromagnetic buffer assembly for elevators designed in this invention includes: a power generation device, used to generate electricity corresponding to the elevator car's running speed during elevator operation;
[0007] An energy storage device, electrically connected to the power generation device, is used to store the electrical energy generated by the power generation device;
[0008] A power supply device, connected to the energy storage device, is used to turn on the power supply when the elevator car drops to a preset position due to stalling; an electromagnetic damping device, connected to the power supply device, is used to generate a magnetic field to slow down the descent speed of the elevator car when the power supply is turned on.
[0009] In order to generate electricity simply and effectively by utilizing the movement of the elevator car, the power generation device includes a tensioning wheel and a coil arranged coaxially with the tensioning wheel and rotating synchronously with the tensioning wheel. Two first permanent magnets are symmetrically mounted on both radial sides of the coil. When the coil rotates with the tensioning wheel, it cuts the magnetic lines of force of the first permanent magnets to generate electricity.
[0010] To ensure stable power output, the power generation device also includes an integrated electrical box, which is used to rectify and regulate the AC power output from the coil and provide a stable DC voltage to the energy storage device.
[0011] In order to achieve a fast response of the electromagnetic vibration damping device, the energy storage device is a battery, and the power supply device is a switch connected between the energy storage device and the electromagnetic vibration damping device. The switch is connected to the first limit switch signal control in the elevator shaft.
[0012] To effectively reduce the descent speed of the elevator car, the electromagnetic damping device includes a base, a pressure rod, an electromagnet, and a compression spring. The base is fixed to the bottom of the elevator shaft and has a guide cylinder. The electromagnet is located at the bottom of the guide cylinder and is electrically connected to the power supply device. The lower end of the pressure rod is slidably disposed inside the guide cylinder, and a second permanent magnet is disposed on the lower end surface of the pressure rod opposite to the electromagnet. The magnetic field direction of the second permanent magnet is opposite to that of the electromagnet. One end of the compression spring is connected to the guide cylinder, and the other end is connected to the upper end of the pressure rod.
[0013] To further improve safety during elevator car stall, a linkage rod is provided on the pressure rod. The linkage rod is parallel to the pressure rod and configured to move synchronously with the pressure rod. A second limit switch is provided on the guide cylinder, and the trigger end of the second limit switch is located on the movement path of the linkage rod. The second limit switch is connected between an external power source and an electromagnet. When the elevator car stalls and impacts the pressure rod, the linkage rod triggers the second limit switch to connect the electromagnet to the external power source, thereby energizing the electromagnet and generating a magnetic field.
[0014] To achieve a high electromagnetic force response, the external power supply connected to the second limit switch is a high-voltage DC power supply with an output voltage higher than that of the energy storage device; when the second limit switch is triggered and turned on, the electromagnet generates an electromagnetic force greater than that when the energy storage device is powered by the high-voltage DC power supply.
[0015] To further reduce shock and provide cushioning, a rubber pad is provided at the upper end of the pressure rod.
[0016] The self-generating electromagnetic buffer combination device for elevators designed in this invention realizes self-generation and energy storage during elevator operation, solves the power consumption problem of electromagnetic damping system, and achieves two-stage deceleration of car through the coordinated use of two-stage limit switches. It also has the advantages of compact structure and easy installation and maintenance, which can not only improve the safety of elevator operation, but also reduce operating costs. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the coil and the tensioning wheel in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic vibration damping device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a usage state in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the integrated electrical box in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
[0022] The components include: a power generation device 10, a tensioning wheel 11, a coil 12, a first permanent magnet 13, an integrated electrical box 14, an energy storage device 20, a power supply device 30, an electromagnetic damping device 40, a base 41, a pressure rod 42, an electromagnet 43, a compression spring 44, a guide cylinder 45, a second permanent magnet 46, a first limit switch 50, a linkage rod 60, a second limit switch 70, and a rubber pad 80. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0024] Example 1.
[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the self-generating electromagnetic buffer assembly for elevators described in this embodiment includes:
[0026] The power generation device 10 is used to generate electricity corresponding to the speed of the elevator car during elevator operation;
[0027] Energy storage device 20 is electrically connected to the power generation device 10 and is used to store the electrical energy generated by the power generation device 10; power supply device 30 is connected to the energy storage device 20 and is used to connect the power supply when the elevator car drops to a preset position due to slowdown.
[0028] The electromagnetic damping device 40 is connected to the power supply device 30 and is used to generate a magnetic field when the power supply is turned on to slow down the descent speed of the elevator car. Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of an elevator device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the diagram, a car moves up and down within the shaft under the drive of a traction mechanism (not shown). It is also equipped with a speed governor mechanism (not shown), wherein the speed governor's wire rope passes over a tensioning pulley located at the bottom of the shaft. During operation, as... Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the device is installed at the bottom of the elevator shaft. During normal elevator operation, the power generation device 10 uses the movement of the speed governor wire rope to drive the tension wheel to rotate and generate electricity. Specifically, the power generation device 10 includes a tension wheel 11 and a coil 12 that is coaxial with the tension wheel 11 and rotates synchronously with the tension wheel 11. Two first permanent magnets 13 are symmetrically mounted on both radial sides of the coil 12. When the coil 12 rotates with the tension wheel 11, it cuts the magnetic lines of force of the first permanent magnets 13 to generate electricity. The generated electrical energy is stored in the energy storage device 20. When the elevator experiences a stall descent, the power supply device 30 is activated after the elevator descends to a preset position, supplying the electrical energy stored in the energy storage device 20 to the electromagnetic damping device 40. After receiving power, the electromagnetic damping device 40 generates a magnetic field, which interacts with the magnet at its top to generate electromagnetic resistance, thus decelerating the elevator car falling to the bottom until the elevator car decelerates to a safe state. In this way, the electromagnetic damping device 40 is powered by the self-generated electricity of the power generation device 10, ensuring that the electromagnetic damping device 40 can work normally even in extreme situations such as elevator malfunction and stall or failure of external power supply mechanism, thereby improving the safety of elevator.
[0029] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, for stable power output, the power generation device 10 also includes an integrated electrical box 14. The integrated electrical box 14 is used to rectify and regulate the AC power output from the coil 12 and provide a stable DC voltage to the energy storage device 20. The circuit diagram of the integrated electrical box 14 is shown below. Figure 5 As shown. In this way, the generated alternating current is first rectified, that is, converted into direct current, to ensure that the output voltage is stably stored in the energy storage device 20, thereby improving its charging and discharging safety and service life, and ensuring a reliable supply to the electromagnetic damping device 40 when needed.
[0030] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1As shown, the energy storage device 20 is a battery, and the power supply device 30 is a switch connected between the energy storage device 20 and the electromagnetic damping device 40. The switch is signal-controlled connected to the first limit switch 50 in the elevator shaft. Thus, the battery converts electrical energy into chemical energy when it receives it and releases it when needed. If the elevator car suddenly stalls or descends to the first limit position, the first limit switch 50 in the elevator shaft is triggered by the car. At this time, the switch will connect the power supply device 30 to release electrical energy from the energy storage device 20 and transmit this electrical energy to the electromagnetic damping device 40. The electromagnetic damping device 40 generates a magnetic field, which interacts with the magnet on its top, thereby slowing down the descent speed of the elevator car and eventually bringing it to a smooth stop. In this embodiment, the triggering mechanism of the first limit switch 50 can be a mechanical mechanism linked to the car; that is, when the elevator car reaches the first limit position or experiences a specific motion state, the mechanical mechanism will trigger the first limit switch 50.
[0031] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, in order to effectively slow down the descent speed of the elevator car, the electromagnetic damping device 40 includes a base 41, a pressure rod 42, an electromagnet 43, and a compression spring 44. The base 41 is fixed to the bottom of the elevator shaft and has a guide cylinder 45. The electromagnet 43 is located at the bottom of the guide cylinder 45 and is electrically connected to the power supply device 30. The lower end of the pressure rod 42 is slidably disposed inside the guide cylinder 45, and a second permanent magnet 46 is disposed on the lower end surface of the pressure rod 42, which is opposite to the electromagnet 43. The magnetic field direction of the second permanent magnet 46 is opposite to that of the electromagnet 43. One end of the compression spring 44 is connected to the guide cylinder 45, and the other end is connected to the upper end of the pressure rod 42. Using this structural design, the seat 41 is fixed to the bottom of the elevator shaft. The seat 41 is equipped with a guide cylinder 45 to ensure the correct positioning and guidance of the electromagnetic damping device 10. When the first limit switch 50 triggers the electromagnetic damping device 40 to be energized, the electromagnet 43 is energized to generate a magnetic field. As the elevator car falls, it impacts and presses down the pressure rod 42. The pressure rod 42 slides down in the guide cylinder 45, and the second permanent magnet 46 at its lower end gradually approaches the electromagnet 43. The magnetic field direction of the second permanent magnet 46 is opposite to that of the electromagnet 43, and an increasingly larger force is generated between them. This force will suppress the downward trend of the pressure rod 42 and the car. As the car continues to fall, the distance between the second permanent magnet 46 and the electromagnet 43 gets closer and closer, and the force between them will become greater and greater. The falling speed of the pressure rod 42 and the car will also become slower and slower until they come to a stop. In this way, the electromagnetic damping device 40 uses the force between the electromagnet 43 and the second permanent magnet 46 to effectively slow down the descent speed of the elevator car and achieve a smooth buffering effect.
[0032] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3As shown, to further improve the safety of the elevator car in the event of a stall, a linkage rod 60 is provided on the pressure rod 42. The linkage rod 60 is arranged parallel to the pressure rod 42 and configured to move synchronously with the movement of the pressure rod 42. A second limit switch 70 is provided on the guide cylinder 45. The trigger end of the second limit switch 70 is located on the movement path of the linkage rod 60. The second limit switch 70 is connected between the external power supply and the electromagnet 43. When the elevator car stalls and impacts the pressure rod 42, the linkage rod 60 triggers the second limit switch 70 to connect the electromagnet 43 to the external power supply, so that the electromagnet 43 is energized and generates a magnetic field. Using this structure, when the elevator stalls and falls, impacting and depressing the pressure rod 42, as the pressure rod 42 slides and descends within the guide cylinder 45, reaching the second limit position, the linkage rod 60 moves downward with the pressure rod 42 and triggers the second limit switch 70. At this time, the second limit switch 70 is triggered and closed, and an external power source provides electrical energy to the electromagnet 43. Specifically, the external power source connected to the second limit switch 70 is a high-voltage DC power source with an output voltage higher than that of the energy storage device 20. When the second limit switch 70 is triggered and closed, the electromagnet 43 generates an electromagnetic force greater than that when powered by the energy storage device 20 under the action of the high-voltage DC power source. Thus, under the power supply of the external power source, the electromagnet 43 can generate a stronger electromagnetic field, increasing the force between it and the second permanent magnet 46, thereby enhancing the electromagnetic deceleration effect on the pressure rod 42. In this way, even when the elevator stalls and the impact is large, sufficient electromagnetic resistance can be provided for deceleration, improving the safety of the elevator.
[0033] In some embodiments, as shown in the figure, a rubber pad 80 is provided at the upper end of the pressure rod 42 for further shock absorption and cushioning. When the elevator car is impacted or decelerates, the rubber pad can deform, slowing down the propagation of the impact and thus providing additional shock absorption.
[0034] The self-generating electromagnetic buffer assembly for elevators provided in this embodiment realizes self-generation and energy storage during elevator operation, solves the power consumption problem of electromagnetic damping systems, and achieves two-stage deceleration of the car through the coordinated use of two-stage limit switches. It also has the advantages of compact structure and easy installation and maintenance, which can not only improve the safety of elevator operation but also reduce operating costs.
[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "vertical," "upper," "lower," "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.
Claims
1. A self-generating electromagnetic buffer combination device for an elevator, characterized by, include: A power generation device (10) is used to generate electricity corresponding to the speed of the elevator car during elevator operation; An energy storage device (20) is electrically connected to the power generation device (10) and is used to store the electrical energy generated by the power generation device (10); a power supply device (30) is connected to the energy storage device (20) and is used to turn on the power supply when the elevator car drops to a preset position; an electromagnetic damping device (40) is connected to the power supply device (30) and is used to generate a magnetic field to slow down the descent speed of the elevator car when the power supply is turned on. The electromagnetic damping device (40) includes a base (41), a pressure rod (42), an electromagnet (43), and a compression spring (44). The base (41) is fixed to the bottom of the elevator shaft and has a guide cylinder (45). The electromagnet (43) is located at the bottom of the guide cylinder (45) and is electrically connected to the power supply device (30). The lower end of the pressure rod (42) is slidably disposed inside the guide cylinder (45), and a second permanent magnet (46) opposite to the electromagnet (43) is disposed on the lower end surface of the pressure rod (42). The magnetic field direction of the second permanent magnet (46) is opposite to that of the electromagnet (43). One end of the compression spring (44) is connected to the guide cylinder (45), and the other end is connected to the upper end of the pressure rod (42). A linkage rod (60) is provided on the pressure rod (42). The linkage rod (60) is arranged parallel to the pressure rod (42) and configured to move synchronously with the movement of the pressure rod (42). A second limit switch (70) is provided on the guide cylinder (45). The trigger end of the second limit switch (70) is located on the movement path of the linkage rod (60). The second limit switch (70) is connected between an external power supply and an electromagnet (43). When the elevator car stalls and hits the pressure bar (42), the linkage rod (60) triggers the second limit switch (70) to connect the electromagnet (43) to the external power supply, so that the electromagnet (43) is energized and generates a magnetic field.
2. The self-generating electromagnetic buffer combination device for an elevator according to claim 1, characterized by, The power generation device (10) includes a tension wheel (11) and a coil (12) arranged coaxially with the tension wheel (11) and rotating synchronously with the tension wheel (11). Two first permanent magnets (13) are symmetrically mounted on both radial sides of the coil (12). When the coil (12) rotates with the tension wheel (11), it cuts the magnetic lines of force of the first permanent magnets (13) to generate electricity.
3. The self-generating electromagnetic buffer combination device for an elevator according to claim 2, characterized by The power generation device (10) also includes an integrated electrical box (14), which is used to rectify and regulate the AC power output by the coil (12) and provide a stable DC voltage to the energy storage device (20).
4. The self-generating electromagnetic buffer combination device for an elevator according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that, The energy storage device (20) is a battery, and the power supply device (30) is a switch connected between the energy storage device (20) and the electromagnetic damping device (40). The switch is connected to the first limit switch (50) in the elevator shaft for signal control.
5. The self-generating electromagnetic buffer combination device for an elevator according to claim 1, characterized by, The external power source connected to the second limit switch (70) is a high-voltage DC power source with an output voltage higher than that of the energy storage device (20); when the second limit switch (70) is triggered and turned on, the electromagnet (43) generates an electromagnetic force greater than that of the energy storage device (20) when it is powered by the high-voltage DC power source.
6. The self-generating electromagnetic buffer combination device for an elevator according to claim 1, characterized by A rubber pad (80) is provided at the upper end of the pressure rod (42).