Delayed coking unit suitable for low feed flow rates and control method

CN117431084BActive Publication Date: 2026-09-22PETROCHINA CO LTD
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202210827852.2
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Patents(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2022-07-14
Publication Date
2026-09-22
Estimated Expiration
2042-07-14

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

[0004]针对上述问题,本发明的目的是提供一种适用于低进料流量的延迟焦化装置及控制方法,该装置可以解决延迟焦化装置低负荷下加热炉进料流量过低而导致炉管流速过低结焦加剧的问题,同时能解决装置低负荷下系统热量严重不足的问题,以及原料波动进料调整频繁的问题,提高生产效率,降低成本

Benefits of technology

[0015]本发明的技术效果在于:1.本发明通过增设回流管路Ⅱ为焦化装置加热炉增加热蜡油物料回炼流量,较好的控制了加热炉炉管结焦速率;;2.本发明通过设回流管路Ⅰ增加回炼物料,提高焦炭出口油气总量,提高低负荷下的预热速度,优化全装置热量平衡,为吸收稳定单元提高充足热量;3.本发明通过设回流管路Ⅰ提供热蜡油物料供料模式,减少水冷器带来的热量损耗,提高能量利用效率;4.本发明通过增设回流管路Ⅱ,实现加热炉分支流量稳定,并通过回炼物料自控来稳定原料缓冲罐液位,减少操作量。

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Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of petroleum chemical industry, and particularly relates to a delayed coking device suitable for low feed flow and a control method. The device comprises a first raw oil heat exchanger, a buffer tank, a raw oil pump, a second raw oil heat exchanger, a third raw oil heat exchanger, a fourth raw oil heat exchanger, a fifth raw oil heat exchanger, a radiation feed buffer tank, a heating furnace feed pump, a coke tower and a fractionating tower connected in sequence after the output end of the heating furnace feed pump, a second heavy wax oil pump, a sixth raw material preheater, a stable tower bottom reboiler, a steam generator and a water cooler connected in sequence to the fractionating tower, a reflux pipeline I arranged between the steam generator and the water cooler, and the output end of the reflux pipeline I connected to the input end of the first raw oil heat exchanger. The present application increases the back-refining material through the reflux pipeline I, improves the total amount of coke outlet oil gas, improves the preheating speed under low load, optimizes the heat balance of the whole device, and provides sufficient heat for the absorption and stabilization unit.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of petrochemical technology, and specifically relates to a delayed coking unit and control method suitable for low feed flow rates. Background Technology

[0002] The delayed coking unit at PetroChina's Yumen Oilfield Refining and Chemical Plant uses vacuum residue as feedstock, employs a three-point steam injection and a one-furnace-two-tower process, with a designed capacity of 500,000 tons / year, a designed circulation ratio of 0.15, and an operational flexibility of 60%–110%. The absorption stabilization system is designed to be heated by the fractionation side stream. In recent years, influenced by upstream implementation of deep vacuum distillation, lighter crude oil entering the plant, and the heavy oil processing strategy of "enhancing catalysis and reducing coking," the fresh feed load of the coking unit has declined year by year, with the lowest daily load dropping to around 50%, and the heating furnace feed load reaching a new low. Due to the low fresh feed rate to the heating furnace, the branches have been operating below 20 t / h for a long time. Due to the low flow rate, the reduced flow velocity in the furnace tubes has led to flow deviation and exacerbated coking in the furnace tubes. During mechanical coking maintenance in August 2019, the thickest coke layer at the bottom of the furnace tubes reached 4.5 cm, which is typical of low-flow-velocity coking. The furnace tube branch flow rates calculated under different loads with a circulation ratio of 0.15 are shown in Table 1-1. The interlock value for branch flow was originally designed to be 22t / h. It was then adjusted to 20t / h in 2016 based on low load requirements, and further adjusted to 16t / h and 18t / h in 2019.

[0003] Table 1-1 Branch flow under different loads Load factor 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 110% Daily average load 572 715 857 1000 1143 1286 1429 1572 Slag Reduction Feed 23.82 29.77 35.73 41.68 47.63 53.59 59.54 65.50 Branch traffic 13.69 17.12 20.54 23.97 27.39 30.81 34.24 37.66 In the original design, increasing the flow rate of the bottom circulating oil in the fractionation tower to improve the branch flow load of the coking furnace resulted in the following problems: First, in daily operation, 8 t / h of wax oil reflux (side stream extraction temperature 360℃) was used to supplement the bottom of the fractionation tower as bottom circulating oil (vapor phase 397℃). Operation revealed that the supplementation effect was more significant at 6-8 t / h, increasing the circulating oil flow by approximately 3-4 t / h. However, at low loads, the heavier wax oil was lighter, and most of the refluxed oil became vapor again, resulting in a less noticeable supplementation effect. After the wax oil reflux exceeded 10 t / h, the circulating oil volume essentially did not increase. Therefore, the scheme of significantly increasing the wax oil reflux to supplement the bottom circulating oil volume of the fractionation tower was no longer feasible. Secondly, as a slag-reducing and balancing unit, the coking unit experiences highly unstable oil supply, requiring frequent adjustments to the radiant branch feed, along with simultaneous adjustments to the steam injection rate and furnace tube surface temperature. Sometimes these adjustments are needed 5-6 times per day, with the feed load increasing by up to 6 t / h. Such frequent adjustments further exacerbate coking on the furnace tubes. Thirdly, although the coking unit load is reduced, the heat required for preheating in the coking unit's preheating tower does not decrease. A reduction in heat will affect the unit's operating cycle. Simultaneously, materials such as top-mounted gas and hydrogenated rich gas enter the absorption stabilization system for desorption and separation, requiring more heat. Insufficient system heat not only causes difficulties in preheating new coke towers and affects normal switching cycles but also leads to insufficient heat in the absorption stabilization unit, resulting in substandard product quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a delayed coking apparatus and control method suitable for low feed flow rates. This apparatus can solve the problem of excessively low furnace tube flow rate and aggravated coking caused by excessively low feed flow rate of the heating furnace under low load conditions in delayed coking apparatuses. It can also solve the problem of severe heat shortage in the system under low load conditions and the problem of frequent feed adjustments due to raw material fluctuations, thereby improving production efficiency and reducing costs.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a delayed coking unit suitable for low feed flow rate, comprising a first feed oil heat exchanger, the output end of the first feed oil heat exchanger being connected to a buffer tank via a pipeline, the bottom of the buffer tank being provided with a feed oil pump, the output end of the feed oil pump being connected in sequence via pipelines to a second feed oil heat exchanger, a third feed oil heat exchanger, a fourth feed oil heat exchanger, and a fifth feed oil heat exchanger, the output end of the fifth feed oil heat exchanger being connected in sequence via a pipeline to a radiant feed buffer tank, the bottom of the radiant feed buffer tank being provided with a heater feed pump, the output end of the heater feed pump being connected in sequence via a pipeline through the heater to a coke tower and a fractionation tower, the middle of the fractionation tower being provided with a second heavy wax oil pump, the output end of the second heavy wax oil pump being connected in sequence via pipelines to a sixth feed preheater, a stabilizer bottom reboiler, a steam generator, and a water cooler, the pipeline between the steam generator and the water cooler being provided with a reflux pipeline I, the output end of the reflux pipeline I being connected to the input end of the first feed oil heat exchanger.

[0006] The bottom of the fractionation tower is equipped with a first heavy wax oil pump, and the output end of the first heavy wax oil pump is equipped with a reflux pipeline II. The input end of the reflux pipeline II is connected to the input end of the radiation feed buffer tank.

[0007] The return pipeline I is equipped with a thermometer, a flow meter, and a regulating valve in sequence.

[0008] The output end of the first raw oil heat exchanger is connected to the top side of the buffer tank.

[0009] The output end of the fifth feedstock heat exchanger is connected to the top side of the radiant feed buffer tank.

[0010] There are two coke towers. The pipelines heated by the furnace are connected to the bottom of the two coke towers respectively. The output pipes at the top of the coke towers are connected to the fractionation tower.

[0011] The output of the furnace feed pump enters the furnace through two branch pipes for heating. After heating, the two branch pipes are recombined into one pipe.

[0012] A control method for a delayed coking unit with low feed flow rate, using any of the delayed coking units for low feed flow rate as described above, includes the following steps: S1: When the feed flow rate is normal, the vacuum residue oil from upstream passes through the first feed oil heat exchanger, buffer tank, feed oil pump, second feed oil heat exchanger, third feed oil heat exchanger, fourth feed oil heat exchanger, and fifth feed oil heat exchanger in sequence. After passing through four sets of heat exchangers, the vacuum residue oil from upstream enters the radiant feed buffer tank, heater feed pump, heater, and coke tower to separate oil and gas before entering the fractionation tower. After entering the fractionation tower, it is further separated into heavy wax oil, light wax oil, and diesel oil components. The heavy wax oil is drawn out from the second heavy wax oil pump on the side line of the fractionation tower, passes through the sixth feed preheater, stabilizer bottom reboiler, steam generator, and water cooler before being discharged from the unit.

[0013] S2: When the feed flow rate decreases, open the regulating valve, and the heavy wax oil is drawn out from the second heavy wax oil pump on the side line of the fractionation tower. It is then exchanged with the upstream vacuum residue oil in the feed oil heat exchanger through the reflux pipeline I at the oil phase outlet of the steam generator.

[0014] In step S1, when the coking rate of the furnace tubes of the heating furnace increases, the first heavy wax oil pump at the bottom of the fractionation tower is turned on and the reflux pipeline II is opened to input the circulating oil at the bottom of the fractionation tower into the radiation feed buffer tank. By increasing the flow rate of hot wax oil material back to the furnace, the coking rate of the furnace tubes of the heating furnace is controlled.

[0015] The technical advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. By adding reflux pipeline II, this invention increases the flow rate of hot wax oil material in the heating furnace of the coking unit, thus better controlling the coking rate of the furnace tubes; 2. By adding reflux pipeline I, this invention increases the total amount of oil and gas at the coke outlet, improves the preheating speed under low load, optimizes the heat balance of the entire unit, and provides sufficient heat for the absorption stabilization unit; 3. By providing a hot wax oil material feeding mode through reflux pipeline I, this invention reduces heat loss caused by the water cooler and improves energy utilization efficiency; 4. By adding reflux pipeline II, this invention achieves stable branch flow in the heating furnace and stabilizes the liquid level in the raw material buffer tank through automatic control of the reflux material, reducing the amount of operation.

[0016] The following will provide further explanation in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a delayed coking device suitable for low feed flow rate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1-First feedstock heat exchanger, 2-Buffer tank, 3-Feedstock pump, 4-Second feedstock heat exchanger, 5-Third feedstock heat exchanger, 6-Fourth feedstock heat exchanger, 7-Fifth feedstock heat exchanger, 8-Radiation feed buffer tank, 9-Heating furnace feed pump, 10-Heating furnace, 11-Coke tower, 12-Fracturing tower, 13-First heavy wax oil pump, 14-Second heavy wax oil pump, 15-Sixth feedstock preheater, 16-Stabilizer bottom reboiler, 17-Steam generator, 18-Water cooler, 19-Thermometer, 20-Flow meter, 21-Regulating valve, 22-Reflux line I, 23-Reflux line II. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Example 1 To address the problems of low feed flow rate in existing delayed coking units under low load, leading to excessively low furnace tube velocity and exacerbated coking, severe system heat deficiency under low load, and frequent feed adjustments due to raw material fluctuations, this invention provides the following... Figure 1 The invention describes a delayed coking unit suitable for low feed flow rates. By adding a reflux pipeline I to increase the amount of recycled material, the total amount of oil and gas at the coke outlet is increased, the preheating rate under low load is improved, the heat balance of the entire unit is optimized, and sufficient heat is provided for the absorption stabilization unit.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, a delayed coking unit suitable for low feed flow rates includes a first feedstock heat exchanger 1. The output end of the first feedstock heat exchanger 1 is connected to a buffer tank 2 via a pipeline. A feedstock pump 3 is located at the bottom of the buffer tank 2. The output end of the feedstock pump 3 is sequentially connected to a second feedstock heat exchanger 4, a third feedstock heat exchanger 5, a fourth feedstock heat exchanger 6, and a fifth feedstock heat exchanger 7 via pipelines. The output end of the fifth feedstock heat exchanger 7 is connected to a radiant feed buffer tank 8 via a pipeline. A heating furnace is located at the bottom of the radiant feed buffer tank 8. Feed pump 9, the output end of which is connected to coke tower 11 and fractionation tower 12 in sequence via pipeline through heating furnace 10. A second heavy wax oil pump 14 is provided in the middle of fractionation tower 12. The output end of the second heavy wax oil pump 14 is connected to a sixth raw material preheater 15, a stabilizer bottom reboiler 16, a steam generator 17, and a water cooler 18 in sequence via pipeline. A reflux pipeline I 22 is provided between the steam generator 17 and the water cooler 18. The output end of the reflux pipeline I 22 is connected to the input end of the first raw material oil heat exchanger 1.

[0021] In practical use, this invention provides a reflux pipeline I22 between the steam generator 17 and the water cooler 18. The output end of the reflux pipeline I22 is connected to the input end of the first feedstock oil heat exchanger 1. When the feed flow rate decreases, the reflux pipeline I22 is opened, and heavy wax oil is drawn out from the second heavy wax oil pump 14 on the side line of the fractionation tower 12. At the oil phase outlet of the steam generator 17, it is combined with the upstream vacuum residue oil in the feedstock oil heat exchanger 1 through the reflux pipeline I22. This increases the total amount of oil and gas at the coke outlet, improves the preheating speed under low load, optimizes the heat balance of the entire unit, and provides sufficient heat for the absorption stabilization unit.

[0022] Example 2 Preferably, based on Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the bottom of the fractionation tower 12 is provided with a first heavy wax oil pump 13, the output end of the first heavy wax oil pump 13 is provided with a reflux pipeline II 23, and the input end of the reflux pipeline II 23 is connected to the input end of the radiation feed buffer tank 8.

[0023] In actual use, when the coking rate of the furnace tubes of the present invention increases, the first heavy wax oil pump 13 at the bottom of the fractionation tower 12 is turned on and the reflux pipeline II 23 is opened to input the circulating oil at the bottom of the fractionation tower 12 into the radiation feed buffer tank 8. By increasing the flow rate of hot wax oil material return refining, the coking rate of the furnace tubes of the furnace is controlled.

[0024] Example 3 Preferably, based on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, in this embodiment, the return pipeline I 22 is sequentially equipped with a thermometer 19, a flow meter 20, and a regulating valve 21.

[0025] In actual use, the present invention has a thermometer 19 and a flow meter 20 in front of the regulating valve 21, which can monitor the temperature and flow rate in real time; by using the refining part as a way to stabilize the liquid level of the buffer tank 2, the liquid level of the buffer tank 2 can be automatically controlled, reducing the impact of frequent operation fluctuations caused by upstream vacuum residue oil fluctuations, and reducing the need for frequent adjustments to branch loads.

[0026] Example 4 Preferably, based on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 3, in this embodiment, the output end of the first raw material oil heat exchanger 1 is connected to the top side of the buffer tank 2.

[0027] In actual use, the output end of the first raw material oil heat exchanger 1 of the present invention is connected to the top side of the buffer tank 2 to ensure that the material is fully heated and to fully regulate the temperature of the buffer tank 2.

[0028] Example 5 Preferably, based on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 4, in this embodiment, the output end of the fifth raw material oil heat exchanger 7 is connected to the top side of the radiant feed buffer tank 8.

[0029] In actual use, the output end of the fifth raw material oil heat exchanger 7 of the present invention is connected to the top side of the radiant feed buffer tank 8 to ensure that the material is fully heat-exchanged and to fully regulate the temperature of the radiant feed buffer tank 8.

[0030] Example 6 Preferably, based on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 5, in this embodiment, there are two coke towers 11, and the pipeline heated by the heating furnace 10 is connected to the bottom of the two coke towers 11 respectively, and the output pipe at the top of the coke tower 11 is connected to the fractionation tower 12.

[0031] In actual use, the pipeline heated by the heating furnace 10 is connected to the bottom of the two coke towers 11 respectively to ensure the coking effect of the coke towers 11.

[0032] Example 7 Preferably, based on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 6, in this embodiment, the output end of the heating furnace feed pump 9 enters the heating furnace 10 through two branch pipelines for heating, and after heating, the two branch pipelines are recombined into one pipeline.

[0033] In actual use, the output end of the heating furnace feed pump 9 of the present invention enters the heating furnace 10 through two branch pipelines for heating. After heating, the two branch pipelines are recombined into one pipeline, so that the heating furnace can fully heat the material in the pipeline.

[0034] Example 8 A control method for a delayed coking unit with low feed flow rate, using any of the delayed coking units for low feed flow rate as described above, includes the following steps: S1: When the feed flow rate is normal, the vacuum residue oil from upstream passes sequentially through the first feed oil heat exchanger 1, buffer tank 2, feed oil pump 3, second feed oil heat exchanger 4, third feed oil heat exchanger 5, fourth feed oil heat exchanger 6, and fifth feed oil heat exchanger 7. After passing through four sets of heat exchangers, the vacuum residue oil from upstream enters sequentially through the radiant feed buffer tank 8, heater feed pump 9, heater 10, and coke tower 11. After oil and gas are separated, it enters the fractionation tower 12. After entering the fractionation tower 12, it is further separated into heavy wax oil, light wax oil, and diesel oil components. The heavy wax oil is drawn out from the second heavy wax oil pump 14 on the side line of the fractionation tower 12, and is discharged from the unit after passing through the sixth feed preheater 15, the bottom reboiler of the stabilizer tower 16, the steam generator 17, and the water cooler 18.

[0035] S2: When the feed flow rate decreases, open the regulating valve 21. The heavy wax oil is drawn out from the second heavy wax oil pump 14 on the side line of the fractionation tower 12 and is then transferred to the feed oil heat exchanger 1 via the reflux pipeline I 22 at the oil phase outlet of the steam generator 17 and the upstream vacuum residue oil.

[0036] In step S1, when the coking rate of the furnace tubes increases, the first heavy wax oil pump 13 at the bottom of the fractionation tower 12 is turned on, and the reflux pipeline II 23 is opened to input the circulating oil from the bottom of the fractionation tower 12 into the radiant feed buffer tank 8. By increasing the hot wax oil reprocessing flow rate, the coking rate of the furnace tubes is controlled. In the hot wax oil reprocessing scheme, more than 10 t / h of circulating oil can be provided, effectively increasing the branch flow rate of the furnace. Table 2 shows the furnace tube branch flow rate calculated under different loads with a circulation ratio of 0.15 and a supplement of 10 t / h of hot wax oil circulation. 10 t / h of circulating oil can increase the furnace tube branch flow rate by two load levels.

[0037] In step S2, the branch flow rate is increased to 28 t / h (close to the normal 85% load) even under low load conditions in the furnace tube constant flow control scheme. Table 3 shows the hot wax oil circulation volume calculated under different loads with a circulation ratio of 0.15. When the load rate is below 70%, the branch flow rate can be stabilized to the target value of 28 t / h by increasing the hot wax oil reprocessing circulation volume, thus controlling the overall coking tendency. In actual operation, considering the vaporization effect of wax oil, the target value of the branch flow rate can be stabilized at even lower loads.

[0038] Table 2. Effect of 10 tons / hour circulating feed on furnace tube branch flow rate Load factor 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 110% Daily average load 572 715 857 1000 1143 1286 1429 1572 Slag Reduction Feed 23.82 29.77 35.73 41.68 47.63 53.59 59.54 65.50 Original branch traffic 13.69 17.12 20.54 23.97 27.39 30.81 34.24 37.66 Hot wax oil circulation volume 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 New branch traffic 18.69 22.12 25.54 28.97 32.39 35.81 39.24 42.66 Global loop ratio 0.57 0.49 0.43 0.39 0.36 0.34 0.32 0.30 Table 3 shows the hot wax oil circulation rate for the furnace tube branch at a given 28 tons / hour. Load factor 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% Daily average load 715 786 857 929 1000 1072 1143 Slag Reduction Feed 29.77 32.75 35.73 38.70 41.68 44.66 47.63 Original branch traffic 17.12 18.83 20.54 22.25 23.97 25.68 27.39 Fixed branch flow 28.00 28.00 28.00 28.00 28.00 28.00 28.00 Global loop ratio 0.88 0.71 0.57 0.45 0.34 0.25 0.18 Hot wax oil circulation volume 21.76 18.34 14.92 11.49 8.07 4.65 1.22 The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A delayed coking apparatus suitable for low feed flow rates, characterized in that: The system includes a first feedstock heat exchanger (1), the output end of which is connected to a buffer tank (2) via a pipeline. A feedstock pump (3) is located at the bottom of the buffer tank (2). The output end of the feedstock pump (3) is sequentially connected to a second feedstock heat exchanger (4), a third feedstock heat exchanger (5), a fourth feedstock heat exchanger (6), and a fifth feedstock heat exchanger (7) via pipelines. The output end of the fifth feedstock heat exchanger (7) is connected to a radiant feed buffer tank (8) via a pipeline. A heating furnace feed pump (9) is located at the bottom of the radiant feed buffer tank (8). The output end of the pump (9) is connected to the coke tower (11) and the fractionation tower (12) in sequence through the heating furnace (10) via a pipeline. The fractionation tower (12) is equipped with a second heavy wax oil pump (14) in the middle. The output end of the second heavy wax oil pump (14) is connected to the sixth raw material preheater (15), the bottom reboiler of the stabilizer tower (16), the steam generator (17), and the water cooler (18) in sequence through a pipeline. The pipeline between the steam generator (17) and the water cooler (18) is equipped with a reflux pipeline I (22). The output end of the reflux pipeline I (22) is connected to the input end of the first raw material oil heat exchanger (1).

2. The delayed coking apparatus suitable for low feed flow rates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the fractionation tower (12) is equipped with a first heavy wax oil pump (13), and the output end of the first heavy wax oil pump (13) is equipped with a reflux pipeline II (23). The output end of the reflux pipeline II (23) is connected to the input end of the radiation feed buffer tank (8).

3. The delayed coking apparatus suitable for low feed flow rates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The return pipeline I (22) is equipped with a thermometer (19), a flow meter (20) and a regulating valve (21) in sequence.

4. The delayed coking apparatus suitable for low feed flow rates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the first raw material oil heat exchanger (1) is connected to the top side of the buffer tank (2).

5. The delayed coking apparatus suitable for low feed flow rates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the fifth raw material oil heat exchanger (7) is connected to the top side of the radiation feed buffer tank (8).

6. The delayed coking apparatus suitable for low feed flow rates according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two coke towers (11). The pipeline heated by the heating furnace (10) is connected to the bottom of the two coke towers (11) respectively. The output pipe at the top of the coke tower (11) is connected to the fractionation tower (12).

7. The delayed coking apparatus suitable for low feed flow rates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the heating furnace feed pump (9) enters the heating furnace (10) through two branch pipelines for heating. After heating, the two branch pipelines are recombined into one pipeline.

8. A control method for a delayed coking unit with low feed flow rate, using a delayed coking unit with low feed flow rate as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: When the feed flow rate is normal, the vacuum residue oil from upstream passes through the first feed oil heat exchanger (1), buffer tank (2), feed oil pump (3), second feed oil heat exchanger (4), third feed oil heat exchanger (5), fourth feed oil heat exchanger (6), and fifth feed oil heat exchanger (7) in sequence. After passing through five sets of heat exchangers, the vacuum residue oil from upstream enters the radiant feed buffer tank (8), heater feed pump (9), heater (10), and coke tower (11) in sequence. After separating the oil and gas, it enters the fractionation tower (12). After entering the fractionation tower (12), it is further separated into heavy wax oil, light wax oil, and diesel oil components. The heavy wax oil is drawn out from the second heavy wax oil pump (14) on the side line of the fractionation tower (12), and is discharged from the device after passing through the sixth feed preheater (15), the bottom reboiler of the stabilizer tower (16), the steam generator (17), and the water cooler (18). S2: When the feed flow rate decreases, open the regulating valve (21), and the heavy wax oil is drawn out from the second heavy wax oil pump (14) on the side line of the fractionation tower (12). It enters the first feed oil heat exchanger (1) together with the pressure-reducing residue oil from upstream through the reflux pipeline I (22) at the oil phase outlet of the steam generator (17).

9. The control method for a delayed coking unit with low feed flow rate according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S1, when the coking rate of the furnace tubes of the heating furnace increases, the first heavy wax oil pump (13) at the bottom of the fractionation tower (12) is turned on and the reflux pipeline II (23) is opened to input the circulating oil at the bottom of the fractionation tower (12) into the radiation feed buffer tank (8). By increasing the flow rate of hot wax oil material refining, the coking rate of the furnace tubes of the heating furnace is controlled.

Citation Information

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