A mud water shield normal pressure cutter barrel flushing system

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of mud water shield normal pressure cutter barrel flushing system, comprising: cutterhead;Cutter barrel, is embedded in the surface of the cutterhead;Cutter, is installed in the outer end of the cutter barrel, and can rotate along its axis relative to the cutter barrel;Flushing system is provided with flushing branch pipe that enters the cutter barrel;Flushing nozzle, is located in the cutter barrel, and is communicated with the flushing branch pipe, the flushing nozzle can be relatively rotated and moved to the cutter barrel, for flushing spray wash to the cutter, and the position of flushing spray wash can be adjusted by rotation.The invention utilizes flushing branch pipe to enter the cutter barrel and be communicated with flushing nozzle, so as to provide high-pressure water for flushing nozzle, flush the cutter, wash away the silt adhered to the surface of the cutter, avoid the abnormal failure of cutter such as eccentric wear, improve the service life of cutter;Then the position of flushing spray wash is adjusted by using the rotating movement of flushing nozzle, so as to expand the flushing range, avoid in flushing range concentration, so that flushing is more comprehensive, and the flushing effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring machine technology, and in particular, to a slurry shield tunneling machine with atmospheric pressure cutterhead flushing system. Background Technology

[0002] With the accelerating pace of urbanization in my country, slurry shield tunneling machines are increasingly being used in tunnel projects under complex, high-water-pressure geological conditions. Furthermore, due to the adaptability of the cutterhead to high-water-pressure tunneling environments and the safety and economy of atmospheric pressure cutterhead replacement technology, they are widely used in slurry shield tunneling projects. However, when tunneling through cohesive soil strata, the cutterhead rings of the shield are prone to adhering to highly viscous sludge and sand, causing abnormal failures such as uneven wear of the cutterheads and reducing their service life. Therefore, flushing away the sludge and sand accumulated in the cutterhead of slurry shield tunnels is becoming increasingly important in shield tunnel construction.

[0003] There are currently two main flushing methods. The first is manual flushing: the tunnel boring machine is stopped, and water pipes are manually pulled into the central cone and introduced into each cutterhead to flush each cutterhead. This method is time-consuming and labor-intensive, increases the risk of construction, and occupies tunneling time. The second method is to use flushing pipes to flush the cutterheads. However, the flushing position is fixed and the flushing range is small, which may cause incomplete flushing and result in poor flushing effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a slurry shield tunneling machine with atmospheric pressure cutterhead flushing system, which is capable of...

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A slurry shield tunneling machine's atmospheric pressure cutterhead flushing system includes: a cutterhead; a cutterhead embedded in the surface of the cutterhead; a roller cutter mounted on the outer end of the cutterhead and capable of rotating relative to the cutterhead along its own axis; a flushing system with a flushing branch pipe extending into the cutterhead; and a flushing nozzle disposed inside the cutterhead and connected to the flushing branch pipe. The flushing nozzle is rotatable relative to the cutterhead and is used to flush and spray the roller cutter, and the position of the flushing and spraying can be adjusted by rotation.

[0007] Furthermore, the flushing nozzle is connected to the roller cutter drive so that the rotation of the roller cutter can drive the flushing nozzle to rotate and swing.

[0008] Furthermore, a transmission gear is provided on one side of the roller cutter, and a transmission gear is rotatably installed inside the cutter barrel. The transmission gear is connected to the transmission gear, and the transmission gear is connected to the flushing nozzle through a connecting rod. One end of the connecting rod is hinged to the transmission gear and the hinge point is offset from the rotation center of the transmission gear, and the other end is hinged to the flushing nozzle and the hinge point is offset from the rotation center of the flushing nozzle. This allows the rotation of the roller cutter to drive the flushing nozzle to rotate and oscillate back and forth within a preset range.

[0009] Furthermore, the transmission gear and the transmission gear disk are connected by an intermediate gear.

[0010] Furthermore, at least one of the cutter barrels is equipped with multiple sets of roller cutters, flushing branch pipes, flushing nozzles, and transmission gears. A synchronous shaft capable of rotating along its own axis is mounted on the cutter barrel. All transmission gears within the same cutter barrel are mounted on the synchronous shaft and can rotate synchronously with the synchronous shaft. The transmission gear includes a gear disk and movable teeth arranged around the periphery of the gear disk. The movable teeth have an open state and a folded state. The movable teeth are rotatably mounted on the gear disk to achieve the switching between the open and folded states. The movable teeth in the folded state can rotate in one direction to abut against the gear disk, thereby reaching the open state. The movable teeth in the folded state can disengage from the transmission gear disk. A state stabilizing element is installed between the gear disk and the movable teeth. The state stabilizing element is used to continuously apply a force to the movable teeth to rotate from the folded state to the open state.

[0011] Furthermore, the movable tooth is connected to the toothed disc via a hinge shaft, and the state stabilizing element is a torsion spring sleeved on the hinge shaft, the torsion spring having two working arms that respectively contact the movable tooth and the toothed disc.

[0012] Furthermore, the synchronous shaft has a mounting cam section corresponding to the transmission gear, and the gear disc is sleeved on the mounting cam section and connected to the mounting cam section through a connecting key.

[0013] Furthermore, the mounting cam section has threaded shaft sections at both ends, the diameter of which is smaller than that of the mounting cam section, and a limit nut is threaded onto the threaded shaft section to position the gear disc axially.

[0014] Furthermore, two limit nuts are installed on each threaded shaft segment.

[0015] Furthermore, the inner side of the movable tooth is provided with an arc surface and an abutting surface adjacent to the arc surface. The arc surface is used to avoid the tooth disk when the movable tooth moves from the open state to the folded state. The abutting surface is used to abut against the tooth disk when the movable tooth moves from the folded state to the open state, preventing the movable tooth from continuing to rotate.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The flushing branch pipe extends into the cutter barrel and connects to the flushing nozzle, thereby providing high-pressure water to the flushing nozzle to flush the cutter, washing away the mud and sand adhering to the cutter surface, preventing abnormal failures such as uneven wear of the cutter, and improving the service life of the cutter. Furthermore, the flushing nozzle is rotated to adjust the position of the flushing spray, thereby expanding the flushing range and avoiding concentration of the flushing area, making the flushing more comprehensive and achieving better flushing results.

[0018] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, the present invention has other objectives, features, and advantages. The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a sectional view of the cutter barrel.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the fit between the transmission gear and the intermediate gear;

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the synchronous shaft and transmission gears;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the synchronous shaft and transmission gears;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a partial structural diagram of the disassembled state of the transmission gear.

[0027] Legend:

[0028] Cutter head 100;

[0029] 200 cutter barrel, 210 transmission gear, 211 gear disc, 212 movable gear, 213 hinge shaft, 214 abutment surface, 215 arc surface, 216 hinge seat, 217 mounting clearance, 220 connecting rod, 230 intermediate gear, 240 synchronous shaft, 241 mounting cam section, 242 connecting key, 243 threaded shaft section, 250 torsion spring, 251 actuating arm, 260 limit nut;

[0030] Hob 300, transmission gear plate 310, hob holder 320;

[0031] Flushing system 400, flushing branch pipe 410, flushing main pipe 420, and liquid distribution pipe 430;

[0032] 500 spray nozzle, 510 hose. Detailed Implementation

[0033] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0036] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this invention is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a slurry shield tunneling machine with atmospheric pressure cutterhead flushing system, comprising a cutterhead 100, a cutterhead 200, a roller cutter 300, a flushing system 400, and a flushing nozzle 500.

[0038] The cutter barrel 200 is embedded in the surface of the cutter disc 100. Correspondingly, the surface of the cutter disc 100 is provided with a slot for the cutter barrel 200 to be embedded in. The hobbing cutter 300 is installed at the outer end of the cutter barrel 200 and can rotate relative to the cutter barrel 200 along its own axis. The flushing system 400 is provided with flushing branch pipes 410 extending into the cutter barrel 200. The flushing system 400 is usually provided with a flushing main pipe 420 and a distribution pipe 430. A flushing pump, a flow meter, and a hydraulic ball valve are usually installed sequentially on the flushing main pipe 420. The output end of the hydraulic ball valve is connected to the distribution pipe 430. Each flushing branch pipe 410 is connected to the distribution pipe 430, thereby realizing the connection and control of the water circuit. Of course, a control valve can also be configured on the distribution pipe 430 to realize control.

[0039] A flushing nozzle 500 is located inside the cutter barrel 200 and is connected to the flushing branch pipe 410. The flushing nozzle can rotate relative to the cutter barrel. The flushing nozzle 500 is used to flush and wash the roller cutter 300, and its position can be adjusted by rotation. Specifically, the rotation axis of the flushing nozzle 500 is parallel to the rotation axis of the roller cutter 300. The flushing nozzle 500 and the cutter barrel 200 are connected by a corresponding hinge structure. For example, the cutter barrel 200 is provided with a hinge seat, and the flushing nozzle 500 is provided with a hinge block corresponding to the hinge seat. The hinge block and the hinge seat are provided with corresponding holes to achieve hinge through the hinge shaft, thereby realizing the rotation of the flushing nozzle 500. In addition, in order to ensure that the rotation of the flushing nozzle 500 does not affect the connection with the flushing branch pipe 410, the flushing nozzle 500 and the flushing branch pipe 410 are connected by a flexible hose 510.

[0040] This invention provides a slurry shield tunneling machine with a normal-pressure cutterhead flushing system. A flushing branch pipe 410 extends into the cutterhead 200 and connects to a flushing nozzle 500, providing high-pressure water to the nozzle 500 to flush the cutterhead 300. This flushes away the mud and sand adhering to the surface of the cutterhead 300, preventing abnormal failures such as uneven wear and extending the cutter's service life. Furthermore, the rotation of the flushing nozzle 500 adjusts the flushing spray position, thereby expanding the flushing range and avoiding concentrated flushing, resulting in more comprehensive and effective flushing.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present invention, the flushing nozzle 500 is connected to the roller cutter 300 in a transmission connection so that the rotation of the roller cutter 300 can drive the flushing nozzle 500 to rotate and swing. This eliminates the need for a drive mechanism to drive the flushing nozzle 500 to rotate, reducing the number of drive mechanisms, lowering equipment costs, and eliminating the need to consider the wiring harness arrangement for the drive mechanism, making the structure more streamlined and effectively reducing maintenance frequency.

[0042] Reference Figure 2In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a transmission gear 310 is provided on one side of the roller cutter 300, and a transmission gear 210 is rotatably installed inside the cutter barrel 200. The transmission gear 210 is connected to the transmission gear 310. The transmission gear 210 is connected to the flushing nozzle 500 through a connecting rod 220. One end of the connecting rod 220 is hinged to the transmission gear 210 and the hinge point is offset from the rotation center of the transmission gear 210. The other end of the connecting rod 220 is hinged to the flushing nozzle 500 and the hinge point is offset from the rotation center of the flushing nozzle 500. This allows the roller cutter 300 to rotate and drive the flushing nozzle 500 to rotate and swing back and forth within a preset range. The eccentric connection of the connecting rod 220 drives the flushing nozzle 500 to swing, avoiding the flushing nozzle 500 from rotating 360 degrees and thus preventing it from rinsing the roller cutter 300 at times. This effectively controls the swing range of the flushing nozzle 500 within the area of ​​the roller cutter 300, ensuring the flushing utilization rate and flushing effect.

[0043] Reference Figure 2 In a further embodiment of the present invention, the transmission gear 210 and the transmission gear disk 310 are connected by an intermediate gear 230, thereby allowing the transmission gear 210 and the transmission gear disk 310 to have a certain gap, preventing the transmission gear 210 from being too large in diameter and difficult to install. The intermediate gear 230 is installed inside the cutter barrel 200 via a connecting shaft, thereby achieving rotational freedom around its own axis. It is understood that the rotational oscillation of the flushing nozzle 500 only requires a small force to drive it, therefore the oscillation of the flushing nozzle 500 driven by the transmission gear disk 310 does not significantly affect the rotation of the roller cutter 300, and does not affect the normal rotation of the roller cutter 300.

[0044] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In a further embodiment of the present invention, at least one blade cylinder 200 is provided with multiple sets of roller cutters 300, flushing branch pipes 410, flushing nozzles 500, and transmission gears 210, such as... Figure 1As shown, the cutter barrel 200 in the middle position is equipped with two roller cutters 300, so the flushing branch pipe 410, the flushing nozzle 500 and the transmission gear 210 are also equipped with two sets accordingly. A synchronous shaft 240, rotatable along its own axis, is mounted on the cutter barrel 200. All transmission gears 210 within the same cutter barrel 200 are mounted on the synchronous shaft 240 and rotate synchronously with it. Each transmission gear 210 includes a gear disk 211 and movable teeth 212 arranged around the periphery of the gear disk 211. The movable teeth 212 have an open state and a folded state. The movable teeth 212 are rotatably mounted on the gear disk 211 to switch between the open and folded states. In the folded state, the movable teeth 212 can rotate in one direction until they abut against the gear disk 211, thus reaching the open state. In the folded state, the movable teeth 212 can disengage from the transmission gear disk 310. A state stabilizing element is installed between the gear disk 211 and the movable teeth 212. This element continuously applies a force to the movable teeth 212, causing them to rotate from the folded state towards the open state. The state stabilizing element keeps the movable teeth 212 in the open state when they are not subjected to a large force causing them to move towards the folded state. When in the open state, the movable tooth 212 abuts against the toothed disc 211. Therefore, when the movable tooth 212 is pushed against the toothed disc 211, the movable tooth 212 will remain in the open state and drive the toothed disc 211 to rotate, thereby driving the spray nozzle 500 to swing. However, if the movable tooth 212 is pushed from the open state to the folded state, the movable tooth 212 will switch to the folded state. After switching to the folded state, it will disengage from the transmission of the transmission toothed disc 310 and will not drive the toothed disc 211 to rotate. Therefore, the transmission gear 210 can only be driven in one direction. First, the synchronous shaft 240 is used to connect all the transmission gears 210 in series, so that all the transmission gears 210 on the same cutter cylinder 200 rotate synchronously, and all the flushing nozzles 500 on the same cutter cylinder 200 swing synchronously. When some of the roller cutters 300 on the same cutter cylinder 200 rotate slowly or not at all due to greater resistance, the synchronous shaft 240 can still be driven to rotate by the normal rotation of other roller cutters 300, thereby driving all the transmission gears 210 and flushing nozzles 500 to rotate and swing. Therefore, the obstruction of a few roller cutters 300 does not affect the rotation and swing of the flushing nozzles 500.Furthermore, when the hob 300 is obstructed and rotates slowly, while the corresponding transmission gear 210 rotates normally due to the action of the synchronous shaft 240, the rotational speed of the transmission gear 210 is greater than that of the corresponding hob 300. As a result, a speed difference will be formed between the transmission gear 210 and the transmission gear disk 310. In order to prevent the transmission gear 210 from slowing down due to the obstructed hob 300, which would affect the rotation of all transmission gears 210 and the flushing nozzle 500, the movable tooth 212 is set to a movable switchable state. The movable tooth 212 can accept unidirectional transmission. When there is a speed difference between the transmission gear 210 and the corresponding transmission gear disk 310, the movable tooth 212 on the transmission gear 210 will switch to a folded state to disengage from the transmission with the corresponding transmission gear disk 310, thus being unaffected by the slowed-down hob 300.

[0045] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the transmission gear 210 is connected to the intermediate gear 230. When the intermediate gear 230 rotates counterclockwise, it pushes the movable tooth 212 against the gear disk 211, keeping the movable tooth 212 in an open state. The movable tooth 212, propelled by the intermediate gear 230, drives the gear disk 211 to rotate clockwise. If one of the hobs 300 is obstructed, the rotational speed of the intermediate gear 230 will decrease. However, the clockwise rotational speed of the transmission gear 210 (gear disk 211), due to the series connection of the synchronous shafts 240, is not affected by the obstruction and deceleration of the hob 300. Therefore, the clockwise rotational speed of the transmission gear 210 (gear disk 211) is greater than the deceleration speed. The movable teeth 212 of the intermediate gear 230 and the transmission gear 210 will be rotated towards the folded state by the force of the intermediate gear 230 and eventually reach the folded state, thus passing over the transmission teeth of the intermediate gear 230. Therefore, when there is a speed difference, the rotation of the transmission gear 210 is not affected by the decelerating hob 300 and the intermediate gear 230. The movable teeth 212 of the transmission gear 210 cannot drive the intermediate gear 230 to rotate. Therefore, when the speed of the transmission gear 210 is greater than that of the intermediate gear 230, it does not affect the normal rotation of the transmission gear 210. The rotational speed of the transmission gear 210 is determined by the fastest hob 300 among the multiple hobs 300 corresponding to the synchronous shaft 240 connected to it.

[0046] Therefore, as can be seen from the above description, the synchronous shaft 240 connects all the transmission gears 210 on the same cutter barrel 200 in series, so as to realize the synchronous rotation of all the transmission gears 210. When a certain cutter 300 is obstructed and its rotation speed is lower than that of other cutters 300, since the state of the movable tooth 212 can be switched, the speed of the cutter 300 will not affect the rotation speed of the synchronous shaft 240 and all the transmission gears 210 on the synchronous shaft 240. This means that when a certain cutter 300 is obstructed and its rotation speed is reduced, the rotation and oscillation of its flushing nozzle 500 will not be affected, and a relatively comprehensive flushing can still be achieved, avoiding local flushing and causing greater resistance in other positions, thus ensuring the flushing effect.

[0047] Reference Figure 4 In a further embodiment of the present invention, the movable tooth 212 is connected to the gear disk 211 via a hinge shaft 213. The state stabilizing element is a torsion spring 250 sleeved on the hinge shaft 213. The torsion spring 250 has two actuating arms 251 that respectively contact the movable tooth 212 and the gear disk. Thus, through the force of the actuating arms 251, a force is applied to the movable tooth 212 to rotate towards the open state, so that the movable tooth 212 remains in the open state when it is not subjected to a large force to move towards the folded state. Moreover, when the movable tooth 212 is not subjected to force, it can return from the folded state to the open state, which facilitates subsequent transmission. Specifically, the gear disk 211 has hinge seats 216 arranged around its peripheral wall. The movable tooth 212 and the hinge seats 216 have corresponding holes and are hinged through the hinge shaft 213. In order to accommodate the torsion spring 250, the movable tooth 212 has a mounting clearance 217, and the hinge shaft 213 passes through the side wall of the mounting clearance 217.

[0048] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 In a further embodiment of the present invention, the synchronous shaft 240 is provided with a mounting cam section 241 corresponding to the transmission gear 210, and the gear disk 211 is sleeved on the mounting cam section 241 and connected to the mounting cam section 241 through a connecting key 242. Specifically, the gear disk 211 has a center hole adapted to the mounting cam section 241, and a keyway is provided at the center hole. The mounting cam section 241 also has a waist-shaped groove for the connecting key 242 to be inserted, thereby realizing the center positioning of the gear disk 211 and synchronous rotation with the synchronous shaft 240.

[0049] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 In a further embodiment of the present invention, threaded shaft sections 243 are provided at both ends of the mounting convex shaft section 241. The diameter of the threaded shaft section 243 is smaller than that of the mounting convex shaft section 241. A limit nut 260 is threadedly connected to the threaded shaft section 243, thereby positioning the gear disk 211 axially, making the axial position of the gear disk 211 stable and ensuring structural stability.

[0050] In a further embodiment of the present invention, two limiting nuts 260 are installed on each threaded shaft segment 243, thereby pre-tightening the threaded connection and achieving a loosening effect.

[0051] Reference Figure 7 In a further embodiment of the present invention, the inner side of the movable tooth 212 is provided with an arc surface 215 and an abutment surface 214 adjacent to the arc surface 215. Here, the inner side of the movable tooth 212 refers to the side of the movable tooth 212 that is close to the tooth disk 211 when the movable tooth 212 is in the open state. The arc surface 215 is used to avoid the tooth disk 211 when the movable tooth 212 moves from the open state to the folded state, thereby avoiding structural interference. The abutment surface 214 is used to abut against the tooth disk 211 when the movable tooth 212 moves from the folded state to the open state, preventing the movable tooth 212 from continuing to rotate. The state stabilizing member is used to push the abutment surface 214 against the tooth disk 211 to keep it in the open state. The abutment surface 214 is used to position the movable tooth 212 in the open state, and the movable tooth 212 can only switch to the folded state when it is in the open state.

[0052] Reference Figure 2 In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a hobbing cutter holder 320 is detachably connected to the outer end of the cutter barrel 200, and a hobbing cutter 300 is installed on the hobbing cutter holder 320. Specifically, the hobbing cutter 300 can be rotatably installed on the hobbing cutter holder 320 via a mounting shaft. The hobbing cutter holder 320 and the cutter barrel 200 can be connected and fixed by screws, thereby facilitating the overall disassembly and installation of the hobbing cutter 300.

[0053] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A slurry shield open cutter barrel flushing system, characterized by, include: Cutter head (100); A cutter barrel (200) is embedded in the surface of the cutter disc (100); A hobbing cutter (300) is installed at the outer end of the cutter barrel (200) and can rotate relative to the cutter barrel (200) along its own axis; The flushing system (400) is provided with a flushing branch pipe (410) extending into the cutter barrel (200). A flushing nozzle (500) is installed inside the cutter barrel (200) and connected to the flushing branch pipe (410). The flushing nozzle (500) can rotate relative to the cutter barrel (200) to flush and spray the roller cutter (300), and the position of the flushing and spraying can be adjusted by rotation. The flushing nozzle (500) is connected to the roller cutter (300) so that the rotation of the roller cutter (300) can drive the flushing nozzle (500) to rotate and swing. The roller cutter (300) is provided with a transmission gear plate (310) on one side. A transmission gear (210) is rotatably installed inside the cutter barrel (200). The transmission gear (210) is connected to the transmission gear plate (310) in a transmission. The transmission gear (210) is connected to the flushing nozzle (500) through a connecting rod (220). One end of the connecting rod (220) is hinged to the transmission gear (210) and the hinge point is offset from the rotation center of the transmission gear (210). The other end is hinged to the flushing nozzle (500) and the hinge point is offset from the rotation center of the flushing nozzle (500). Thus, the rotation of the roller cutter (300) can drive the flushing nozzle (500) to rotate and swing back and forth within a preset range. At least one of the cutter barrels (200) is provided with multiple sets of hobbing cutters (300), flushing branch pipes (410), flushing nozzles (500), and transmission gears (210). A synchronous shaft (240) capable of rotating along its own axis is mounted on the cutter barrel (200). All transmission gears (210) in the same cutter barrel (200) are mounted on the synchronous shaft (240) and can rotate synchronously with the synchronous shaft (240). The transmission gear (210) includes a gear disk (211) and movable teeth (212) arranged around the peripheral wall of the gear disk (211). The movable teeth (212) The device has an open state and a folded state. The movable tooth (212) is rotatably mounted on the gear disk (211) to switch between the open state and the folded state. In the folded state, the movable tooth (212) can rotate around a direction until it abuts against the gear disk (211) to reach the open state. In the folded state, the movable tooth (212) can disengage from the transmission gear disk (310). A state stabilizing element is installed between the gear disk (211) and the movable tooth (212). The state stabilizing element is used to continuously apply a force to the movable tooth (212) to rotate from the folded state to the open state.

2. The slurry shield tunneling machine's atmospheric pressure cutterhead flushing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission gear (210) and the transmission gear disk (310) are connected by an intermediate gear (230).

3. The atmospheric pressure cutterhead flushing system for slurry shield tunneling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable tooth (212) is connected to the toothed disc (211) via a hinge shaft (213). The state stabilizing element is a torsion spring (250) sleeved on the hinge shaft (213). The torsion spring (250) has two action arms (251) that respectively contact the movable tooth (212) and the toothed disc.

4. The atmospheric pressure cutterhead flushing system for slurry shield tunneling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synchronous shaft (240) has a mounting cam section (241) corresponding to the transmission gear (210). The gear plate (211) is sleeved on the mounting cam section (241) and connected to the mounting cam section (241) through a connecting key (242).

5. The slurry shield tunneling machine's atmospheric pressure cutterhead flushing system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting cam section (241) has threaded shaft sections (243) at both ends. The diameter of the threaded shaft section (243) is smaller than that of the mounting cam section (241). A limit nut (260) is threaded onto the threaded shaft section (243) to position the gear disc (211) axially.

6. The slurry shield tunneling machine's atmospheric pressure cutterhead flushing system according to claim 5, characterized in that, Two limit nuts (260) are installed on each threaded shaft segment (243).

7. The slurry shield tunneling machine's atmospheric pressure cutterhead flushing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner side of the movable tooth (212) is provided with an arc surface (215) and an abutment surface (214) adjacent to the arc surface (215). The arc surface (215) is used to avoid the tooth disk (211) when the movable tooth (212) moves from the open state to the folded state. The abutment surface (214) is used to abut against the tooth disk (211) when the movable tooth (212) moves from the folded state to the open state, preventing the movable tooth (212) from continuing to rotate.

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