A high-bandwidth hybrid dual-mode filter and base station and satellite therefor

Abstract

The application relates to a high-bandwidth mixed dual-mode filter and a base station and satellite thereof. The high-bandwidth mixed dual-mode filter comprises a dielectric substrate, two dielectric resonators, two microstrip structures and a microstrip coupling line; the dielectric substrate is provided with a metal layer on one side; the two microstrip structures are identical in structure and are arranged on the opposite side of the dielectric substrate; the high-order mixed dual-mode filter further comprises two dielectric resonators, both of which are dual-mode resonators and are not surface metallized. The application places two dielectric resonators above the microstrip resonator, electromagnetically couples through partial overlap, excites HEE 11 mode electric field and its degenerate mode in the dielectric resonator. The additionally arranged dielectric resonator is equivalent to adding two resonant cavities, forms a six-order microstrip and dielectric mixed dual-mode filter, thereby improving the bandwidth, the out-of-band suppression strength, the application range is wide, and more actual demands can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of filter technology, and in particular to a high-bandwidth hybrid dual-mode filter and its base station and satellite. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of wireless technologies such as next-generation mobile communication, satellite communication, the Internet of Things, and next-generation integrated radar systems, overall communication equipment is rapidly evolving towards miniaturization, high density, low cost, high performance, low latency, low power consumption, and integration. Planar filters, mainly microstrip filters, are well-suited for integration with other electronic components due to their PCB manufacturing process, offering low cost and stable reliability. However, they also suffer from low Q-values, large size, and high insertion loss, limiting their application scenarios and making them primarily used in communication systems with low power requirements. Dielectric filters, on the other hand, offer advantages such as high Q-values, low insertion loss, and small size. However, they have disadvantages including multiple modes, often requiring separate filter design, poor integration with other electronic components, complex assembly processes, and lower reliability.

[0003] Microstrip structures and dielectric structures are complementary, and how to utilize their respective advantages and compensate for their disadvantages has become a research hotspot. Patent CN202110621140.0 proposes a bottom-fed dielectric filter that does not require metal shielding. This second-order dual-mode filter, using the dielectric as a resonator, has advantages such as simple structure, small size, low insertion loss, and ease of integration. Although this invention has made pioneering contributions to the combined research of microstrip and dielectric structures, it also has its limitations. The relatively low order (only two orders) results in small bandwidth and poor out-of-band rejection, greatly limiting its application range and making it unable to meet more complex performance requirements. Furthermore, the microstrip structure is only used for feeding, limiting its overall functionality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to address the problem that existing hybrid filters have low order, resulting in small bandwidth, poor out-of-band suppression, and greatly limited application range, and to provide a high-bandwidth hybrid dual-mode filter and its base station and satellite.

[0005] The present invention is achieved by the following technical solution: a high-bandwidth hybrid dual-mode filter, comprising: a dielectric substrate having a metal layer disposed on one side; and two microstrip structures having the same structure and disposed on the opposite side of the dielectric substrate.

[0006] The hybrid dual-mode filter further includes two dielectric resonators, both of which are dual-mode resonators and are not surface-metallized. The two dielectric resonators are fixedly connected in parallel to the dielectric substrate, with a gap between them. Each of the two dielectric resonators has a through-hole on its side facing away from the dielectric substrate. The two through-holes are located on opposite diagonals of the two dielectric resonators and are centrally symmetrically distributed with respect to the center between the two dielectric resonators. The coupling between degenerate modes on the dielectric resonators is adjusted by controlling the position of the through-holes on the diagonals of the dielectric resonators.

[0007] The two microstrip structures are centrally symmetrically distributed around the center and are located on opposite sides of the two dielectric resonators. Each microstrip structure includes a microstrip resonator and a microstrip feed line, with tap coupling between the microstrip resonator and the microstrip feed line on the same microstrip structure. Both microstrip resonators are U-shaped and partially overlap below the two dielectric resonators, achieving electromagnetic coupling through partial overlap. The coupling amount between the microstrip resonator and the dielectric resonator is adjusted by regulating the area of ​​the overlapping portion on the microstrip resonator.

[0008] A microstrip coupling line is fixedly connected to the dielectric substrate on the same side as the microstrip structure. The microstrip coupling line is Z-shaped and positioned between the two dielectric resonators. The microstrip coupling line is centrally symmetrical about the midpoint. A portion of the microstrip coupling line overlaps below the dielectric resonators to achieve degenerate mode coupling between the two dielectric resonators. The coupling amount between the two dielectric resonators is adjusted by adjusting the area of ​​the overlapping portion on the microstrip coupling line.

[0009] As a preferred example, the microstrip resonator includes a first straight segment, a second straight segment parallel to the first straight segment, and a curved segment connecting the first straight segment and the second straight segment; the first straight segment overlaps below the dielectric resonator, a portion of the curved segment overlaps below the dielectric resonator, and the first straight segment is parallel to the side edge of the corresponding overlapping side of the dielectric resonator.

[0010] As a preferred example, the microstrip feed line is arranged perpendicular to the straight segment and is integrally formed with the microstrip resonator.

[0011] As a preferred example, the portion of the microstrip resonator overlapping the dielectric resonator and the portion extending outside the dielectric resonator are symmetrically arranged with the corresponding side of the dielectric resonator as the axis of symmetry.

[0012] As a preferred example, both microstrip resonators are located on the axis of symmetry of the dielectric resonator.

[0013] As a preferred example, the microstrip coupling line includes a straight line segment three, a straight line segment four parallel to the straight line segment three, and a straight line segment five connecting the straight line segment three and the straight line segment four; the two ends of the straight line segment five are respectively connected to one end of the straight line segment three and the straight line segment four, and are perpendicular to the straight line segment three; the straight line segment three and the straight line segment four overlap below the two dielectric resonators, and the straight line segment five is located between the two dielectric resonators; the straight line segment five is parallel to the side edge of the corresponding overlapping side of the dielectric resonator.

[0014] As a preferred example, the extension of line segment three intersects and is perpendicular to the extension of the U-shaped opening of one of the microstrip resonators; the extension of line segment four intersects and is perpendicular to the extension of the U-shaped opening of the other microstrip resonator.

[0015] As a preferred example, the central axis of the through hole is located on the diagonal, and / or the through hole is perpendicularly formed on the dielectric resonator.

[0016] A base station that employs a high-bandwidth hybrid dual-mode filter as described in any of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0017] A satellite employs a high-bandwidth hybrid dual-mode filter as described in any of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. The dielectric resonator in this invention is a two-mode resonator, and the microstrip resonator is a single-mode resonator. The two dielectric resonators are placed above the microstrip resonator and electromagnetically coupled through partial overlap, exciting the HEE in the dielectric resonator. 11 The electric field mode and its degenerate mode. The additional dielectric resonator is equivalent to adding two resonant cavities, utilizing the complementary advantages of microstrip and dielectric structures to form a sixth-order microstrip and dielectric hybrid dual-mode filter. This improves bandwidth, strengthens out-of-band suppression, and broadens the application range, meeting more practical needs.

[0020] 2. The dielectric resonator used in this invention uses a high dielectric constant and employs a time-magnetic boundary condition, where the electromagnetic field is confined within the dielectric. Therefore, the mode used is different from the traditional metal cavity resonator mode. It does not require metallization of the dielectric surface, which reduces the surface metallization process and greatly saves manpower, materials, and time costs. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hybrid dual-mode filter provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1A top-view structural diagram;

[0023] Figure 3 The simulated frequency response curve of the hybrid dual-mode filter provided by this invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1. Dielectric substrate; 2. Microstrip structure; 21. Microstrip resonator; 22. Microstrip feed line; 3. Dielectric resonator; 4. Through-hole; 5. Microstrip coupling line. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "installed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or it may be in a component that is centered on it. When a component is said to be "set on" another component, it can be directly set on the other component or it may also be in a component that is centered on it. When a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly fixed to the other component or it may also be in a component that is centered on it.

[0027] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the specification of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "or / and" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0029] Please see Figure 1 This application provides a high-bandwidth hybrid dual-mode filter, comprising: a dielectric substrate 1, two dielectric resonators 3, two microstrip structures 2, and a microstrip coupling line 5. The dielectric substrate 1 is made of PCB material. A metal layer is disposed on its bottom, and grooves are etched on its top for mounting the two microstrip structures 2 and the microstrip coupling line 5.

[0030] Both dielectric resonators 3 used are dual-mode resonators and are not surface-metallized. The two dielectric resonators 3 are fixedly connected in parallel to the dielectric substrate 1, with a gap between them. A through-hole 4 is formed on the diagonal of the upper surface of each of the two dielectric resonators 3. The two through-holes 4 penetrate the dielectric resonator 3 perpendicularly and are centrally symmetrically distributed about the center between the two dielectric resonators 3. This through-hole 4 acts as a perturbation, allowing the two degenerate modes of the HeE11 resonant mode on the dielectric resonator 3 to couple with each other. By controlling the position of the through-hole 4 on the diagonal of the dielectric resonator 3, the coupling amount between the degenerate modes can be controlled.

[0031] The two microstrip structures 2 are identical in structure and are located on opposite sides of the two dielectric resonators 3. They are also centrally symmetrical about the center between the two dielectric resonators 3. Each microstrip structure 2 includes a microstrip resonator 21 and a microstrip feed line 22. The microstrip resonator 21 and microstrip feed line 22 on the same microstrip structure 2 are tap-coupled. Both microstrip resonators 21 are open-circuit half-wavelength resonators and are U-shaped. The two microstrip resonators 21 partially overlap below the two dielectric resonators 3, achieving electromagnetic coupling through partial overlap. The coupling amount between the microstrip resonator 21 and the dielectric resonator 3 is adjusted by regulating the area of ​​the overlapping portion of the microstrip resonator 21.

[0032] A microstrip coupling line 5 is fixedly connected to a dielectric substrate 1 on the same side as the microstrip structure 2. The microstrip coupling line 5 is Z-shaped and positioned between two dielectric resonators 3, and is centrally symmetrical about the midpoint between the two dielectric resonators 3. A portion of the microstrip coupling line 5 overlaps below the dielectric resonators 3 to achieve degenerate mode coupling between the two dielectric resonators 3. The coupling amount between the two dielectric resonators 3 is adjusted by adjusting the area of ​​the overlapping portion of the microstrip coupling line 5.

[0033] Compared with existing technologies, the high-bandwidth hybrid dual-mode filter of this application employs a time-magnetic boundary condition, confining the electromagnetic field within the dielectric. Therefore, it utilizes a different mode than traditional metal cavity resonant modes, eliminating the need for metallization of the dielectric surface. This reduces the surface metallization process, significantly saving manpower, materials, and time costs. Furthermore, by utilizing the two degenerate modes of HEE11 in the dielectric resonator 3, and the participation of the microstrip in resonance and coupling, the filter's order and topological complexity are greatly increased, meeting more practical needs. Simultaneously, this application introduces an additional dielectric resonator 3 based on the existing dielectric resonator 3, effectively adding two resonant cavities. The advantages of the microstrip structure 2 and the dielectric structure are complemented to form a sixth-order microstrip and dielectric hybrid dual-mode filter.

[0034] The dielectric resonator 3 can be any one of the following shapes: cylinder, cuboid, cube, or ellipsoid. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 For ease of understanding and explanation, the dielectric resonator 3 in this embodiment is illustrated using a cube as an example. Two dielectric resonators 3 are arranged parallel to each other along one side, with a spacing W2 between them. The two dielectric resonators 3 together form a rectangle, consisting of a long side and a short side. (See attached image.) Figure 2 As shown, a horizontal auxiliary coordinate system oab is set on it. The origin o is taken as the center of the rectangle formed by the two dielectric resonators 3, and it contains two axes oa and ob. The oa axis and the ob axis are perpendicular to each other, the oa axis is parallel to the shorter side, and the ob axis is parallel to the longer side.

[0035] Two microstrip structures 2 are positioned on the short side of the dielectric resonator 3, both passing through the dielectric resonator 3 and symmetrically distributed around the origin o. The opening directions of the two microstrip resonators 21 are opposite and both are parallel to the oa axis. Specifically, the microstrip resonator 21 includes a straight segment one, a straight segment two parallel to straight segment one, and a curved segment connecting straight segment one and straight segment two. Straight segment one overlaps below the dielectric resonator 3, a portion of the curved segment overlaps below the dielectric resonator 3, and straight segment one is parallel to the side edge of the corresponding overlapping side of the dielectric resonator 3 (i.e., parallel to the oa axis). The microstrip feed line 22 is perpendicular to straight segment one and integrally formed with the microstrip resonator 21. Figure 2 As shown, the length of the straight segment 1 is L1, and the length of the curved segment overlapping below the dielectric resonator 3 is W1. Therefore, the area of ​​the microstrip structure 2 overlapping below the dielectric resonator 3 is W1*L1. By adjusting the area of ​​this overlapping portion, the coupling between the microstrip resonator 21 and the dielectric resonator 3 can be adjusted.

[0036] The microstrip coupling line 5 is Z-shaped and centrally symmetrical about the origin o. It includes a third straight line segment, a fourth straight line segment parallel to the third, and a fifth straight line segment connecting the third and fourth. The two ends of the fifth straight line segment are connected to one end of the third and fourth straight lines respectively, and are perpendicular to the third. The third and fourth straight lines overlap below the two dielectric resonators 3, and the fifth straight line segment is located between the two dielectric resonators 3. The fifth straight line segment is parallel to the side of the corresponding overlapping side of the dielectric resonator 3 (i.e., the fifth straight line segment is parallel to the oa axis, and the third and fourth straight lines are parallel to the ob axis). This microstrip coupling line 5 is used to achieve electromagnetic coupling between the two dielectric resonators 3. Figure 2 As shown, the coupling of the two dielectric resonators 3 is adjusted by controlling the spacing W2 between the two dielectric resonators 3 and the length L2 of the straight line segment 3.

[0037] In this embodiment, the microstrip resonator 21 is coupled to the dielectric resonator 3, exciting the HEE11 mode electric field vector direction in the dielectric resonator 3. One mode, and then the mode couples out the electric field vector direction through the through hole 4. The degenerate mode is coupled to the microstrip resonator 21. An additional dielectric resonator 3 is introduced, effectively adding two resonant cavities. Simultaneously, the microstrip structure 2 is not limited to being a feed line but also participates in resonance and coupling, thus utilizing the complementary advantages of both the microstrip and dielectric structures to form a high-order hybrid microstrip and dielectric dual-mode filter. Simulation experiments were conducted on this high-bandwidth hybrid dual-mode filter, yielding the following results: Figure 3 The simulated frequency response curves shown demonstrate that at a center frequency of 2000MHz, the filter exhibits low VSWR, low insertion loss, high bandwidth, and excellent passband performance. Furthermore, compared to existing microstrip and dielectric hybrid filters, this hybrid dual-mode filter offers advantages such as miniaturization, high performance, low cost, low insertion loss, and ease of integration. It also boasts advantages like high order, high topological freedom, the ability to meet more complex performance requirements, and a wide range of applications.

[0038] Furthermore, the high-bandwidth hybrid dual-mode filter proposed in this application can be applied to fields such as mobile communication, satellite communication, radar communication, and detection. In particular, it relates to radio frequency microwave transceiver systems, and can be specifically applied to the transceiver channel module of the radio frequency front-end of wireless communication and radar systems, significantly improving the integration of the transceiver channel, thereby reducing the size and weight of the transceiver channel; it can also be applied to a base station or a satellite that contains the aforementioned transceiver channel.

[0039] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0040] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A high-bandwidth hybrid dual-mode filter, comprising: A dielectric substrate (1) having a metal layer on one side; two microstrip structures (2) having identical structures and disposed on opposite sides of the dielectric substrate (1); characterized in that: The hybrid dual-mode filter also includes two dielectric resonators (3), both of which are dual-mode resonators and are not surface-metallized; the two dielectric resonators (3) are fixedly connected in parallel to the dielectric substrate (1) and a gap is provided between them; each of the two dielectric resonators (3) has a through hole (4) on the side facing away from the dielectric substrate (1), and the two through holes (4) are respectively located on the diagonal of the corresponding dielectric resonator (3), and the two through holes (4) are centrally symmetrically distributed with respect to the center between the two dielectric resonators (3); by controlling the position of the through hole (4) on the diagonal of the dielectric resonator (3), the coupling amount between the degenerate modes on the dielectric resonator (3) is adjusted; The two microstrip structures (2) are centrally symmetrically distributed around the center and are located on opposite sides of the two dielectric resonators (3). Each of the two microstrip structures (2) includes a microstrip resonator (21) and a microstrip feed line (22). The microstrip resonator (21) and the microstrip feed line (22) on the same microstrip structure (2) are tap-coupled. The two microstrip resonators (21) are U-shaped and partially overlap below the two dielectric resonators (3). Electromagnetic coupling is achieved through partial overlap, and the coupling amount between the corresponding microstrip resonator (21) and dielectric resonator (3) is adjusted by adjusting the area of ​​the overlapping part on the microstrip resonator (21). A microstrip coupling line (5) is fixedly connected to the dielectric substrate (1) on the same side as the microstrip structure (2). The microstrip coupling line (5) is Z-shaped and is disposed between the two dielectric resonators (3). The microstrip coupling line (5) is centrally symmetrical about the center. A portion of the microstrip coupling line (5) overlaps below the dielectric resonator (3) to achieve degenerate mode coupling between the two dielectric resonators (3). The coupling amount between the two dielectric resonators (3) is adjusted by adjusting the area of ​​the overlapping portion on the microstrip coupling line (5).

2. The high-bandwidth hybrid dual-mode filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microstrip resonator (21) includes a straight segment 1, a straight segment 2 parallel to the straight segment 1, and a curved segment connecting the straight segment 1 and the straight segment 2; the straight segment 1 overlaps below the dielectric resonator (3), a portion of the curved segment overlaps below the dielectric resonator (3), and the straight segment 1 is parallel to the side of the corresponding overlapping side of the dielectric resonator (3).

3. The high-bandwidth hybrid dual-mode filter according to claim 2, characterized in that, The microstrip feed line (22) is perpendicular to the straight line segment and is integrally formed with the microstrip resonator (21).

4. The high-bandwidth hybrid dual-mode filter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The portion of the microstrip resonator (21) overlapping the dielectric resonator (3) and the portion extending outside the dielectric resonator (3) are symmetrically arranged with the corresponding side of the dielectric resonator (3) as the axis of symmetry.

5. The high-bandwidth hybrid dual-mode filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both microstrip resonators (21) are located on the axis of symmetry of the dielectric resonator (3).

6. The high-bandwidth hybrid dual-mode filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microstrip coupling line (5) includes a straight line segment three, a straight line segment four parallel to the straight line segment three, and a straight line segment five connecting the straight line segment three and the straight line segment four; the two ends of the straight line segment five are respectively connected to one end of the straight line segment three and the straight line segment four, and are perpendicular to the straight line segment three; the straight line segment three and the straight line segment four are respectively superimposed below the two dielectric resonators (3), and the straight line segment five is located between the two dielectric resonators (3); the straight line segment five is parallel to the side of the corresponding overlapping side of the dielectric resonator (3).

7. The high-bandwidth hybrid dual-mode filter according to claim 6, characterized in that, The extension of line segment three intersects and is perpendicular to the extension of the U-shaped opening of one of the microstrip resonators (21); the extension of line segment four intersects and is perpendicular to the extension of the U-shaped opening of the other microstrip resonator (21).

8. The high-bandwidth hybrid dual-mode filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central axis of the through hole (4) is located on the diagonal line, and / or the through hole (4) is perpendicularly opened on the dielectric resonator (3).

9. A base station, characterized in that, It employs a hybrid dual-mode filter as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A satellite, characterized in that, It employs a hybrid dual-mode filter as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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